U.S. patent application number 12/523833 was filed with the patent office on 2010-06-03 for tool for machining stone or concrete floors.
This patent application is currently assigned to HTC Sweden AB. Invention is credited to Kare Kilgren, Hakan Thysell.
Application Number | 20100136889 12/523833 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38137407 |
Filed Date | 2010-06-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100136889 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kilgren; Kare ; et
al. |
June 3, 2010 |
TOOL FOR MACHINING STONE OR CONCRETE FLOORS
Abstract
The invention relates to a machine and at least one tool (10)
for machining floor and road surfaces. The tool comprises at least
one rotatably mounted disc (20) driven during use, which disc (20)
comprises at least one machining element (30) being attached at one
end (30a) to the disc. The machining element has a free end (30b)
with a symmetrically blunt shape, so that the disc can be driven in
different directions with the same machining element in a plane
essentially in parallel with the plane of the disc.
Inventors: |
Kilgren; Kare; (Svartsjo,
SE) ; Thysell; Hakan; (Soderkoping, SE) |
Correspondence
Address: |
MERCHANT & GOULD PC
P.O. BOX 2903
MINNEAPOLIS
MN
55402-0903
US
|
Assignee: |
HTC Sweden AB
Soderkoping
SE
|
Family ID: |
38137407 |
Appl. No.: |
12/523833 |
Filed: |
February 7, 2008 |
PCT Filed: |
February 7, 2008 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/SE08/50153 |
371 Date: |
January 26, 2010 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
451/41 ; 451/353;
451/548 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B24D 7/066 20130101;
B24B 7/186 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
451/41 ; 451/548;
451/353 |
International
Class: |
B24B 7/22 20060101
B24B007/22; B24B 7/18 20060101 B24B007/18; B24D 5/06 20060101
B24D005/06; E01C 23/088 20060101 E01C023/088; B24B 1/00 20060101
B24B001/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Feb 12, 2007 |
EP |
07102181.0 |
Claims
1. A tool for machining floor and road surfaces, comprising: at
least one rotatably mounted disc driven during use, which disc
comprises at least one machining element being fixedly attached or
attachable at one end to the disc, wherein the machining element
has a free end with a symmetrically blunt shape, designed to
machine the floor and/or road surface in a milling or crushing-like
manner, so that the disc can be driven in different directions with
the same machining element in a plane essentially in parallel with
the plane of the disc, and wherein the free end of the machining
element is made of poly crystalline or poly compact diamond (PCD)
and/or of mono crystalline diamond (MCD).
2. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the machining element
protrudes out of the disc with its longitudinal axis perpendicular
to the plane of the disc.
3. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the machining element
protrudes out of the disc with its longitudinal axis oblique in
relation to the plane of the disc.
4. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the disc comprises at least
one machining element protruding out of the disc with its
longitudinal axis perpendicular to the plane of the disc and at
least one machining element protruding out of the disc with its
longitudinal axis inclined in relation to the plane of the
disc.
5. A tool according to claim 3, wherein the machining element
protrudes out of the disc with its longitudinal axis having an
inclination angle (.alpha.) of up to 45.degree. in relation to an
axis (V) being perpendicular to the plane of the disc.
6. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the free end of the
machining element has a rounded shape.
7. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the free end of the
machining element has a spherical shape.
8. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the free end of the
machining element is chamfered.
9. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the free end of the
machining element has a frustoconical shape.
10. A tool according to claim 1, comprising a supporting stud with
a support surface in parallel with the plane of the disc for
contacting the floor surface.
11. A tool according to claim 10, wherein the supporting stud is a
machining element in that its support surface comprises machining
abrasives.
12. A tool according to claim 1, comprising a cutting element.
13. A tool according to claim 12, wherein the cutting element has a
back-rake angle of between 5.degree.-20.degree..
14. A machine for machining floor and road surfaces, comprising at
least one tool with at least one rotating disc, wherein the disc
comprises at least one machining element in accordance with claim
1.
15. A method for removing a surface layer on a floor or road
surface, comprising milling or crushing the surface with a tool as
claimed in claim 1.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a tool for machining stone
or concrete floors, comprising at least one rotatably mounted disc
driven during use, which disc carries at least one machining
element.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
[0002] Today, tools for machining stone or concrete floors, i.e.
primarily grinding and polishing but also cutting, milling or
crushing floor surfaces and/or cleaning these surfaces by removing
coatings on them with the object of producing plane, clean and/or
smooth floor surfaces commonly use a machining appliance which
carries one or more rotatably mounted discs that in turn carries
one or more machining elements. This machining element or
cutter/bit contacts the floor surface while performing a movement
in a plane in parallel to the rotating disc, so that a machining of
the floor surface is produced.
[0003] An exemplary tool for such machining of floor surfaces is
disclosed in SE-C2-525 802.
[0004] A disadvantage of known tools for machining of floor
surfaces is that one and the same tool can not be used for carrier
discs rotating in different directions when driven, whereby left
hand and right hand versions of the tools have to be manufactured.
These left hand and right hand tool versions also have a
disadvantage in that a left hand tool may not be mounted instead of
a right hand tool or vice versa, whereby the risk of mistakes when
mounting the tools increases. Moreover, another disadvantage is
that prior art tools commonly only have one machining element and
one supporting stud that restricts the cutting depth and which stud
does not have any machining function, whereby the removal rate of
these tools are relatively low. Furthermore, still another
disadvantage is that prior art machining tools have a low
resistance against shocks/strikes.
SUMMARY
[0005] An object of the invention is therefore to provide an
improved machining tool, which eliminates or at least reduces the
disadvantages for prior art machining tools.
[0006] The invention is defined by the enclosed independent claim.
Embodiments are set forth by the dependent claims attached and by
the following description and the drawings.
[0007] According to the invention a tool for machining floor and
road surfaces, comprises at least one rotatably mounted disc driven
during use, which disc comprises at least one machining element
being attached at one end to the disc. The machining element has a
free end with a symmetrically blunt shape, so that the disc can be
driven in different directions with the same machining element in a
plane essentially in parallel with the plane of the disc.
[0008] In one embodiment of the invention, the machining element
protrudes out of the disc with its longitudinal axis perpendicular
to the plane of the disc.
[0009] In another embodiment of the invention, the machining
element protrudes out of the disc with its longitudinal axis
oblique in relation to the plane of the disc.
[0010] In yet another embodiment the disc which comprises at least
one machining element protruding out of the disc with its
longitudinal axis perpendicular to the plane of the disc and at
least one machining element protruding out of the disc with its
longitudinal axis inclined in relation to the plane of the
disc.
[0011] In still another embodiment the machining element protrudes
out of the disc with its longitudinal axis having an inclination
angle of up to 45.degree. in relation to an axis being
perpendicular to the plane of the disc.
[0012] In other embodiments, the free end of the machining element
has a rounded shape, a spherical shape, is chamfered, or has a
frustoconical shape.
[0013] Moreover, in another embodiment, the tool comprises a
supporting stud with a support surface in parallel with the plane
of the disc for contacting the floor surface, whereby the
supporting stud in yet another embodiment is a machining element in
that its support surface comprises machining abrasives.
Furthermore, in another embodiment, the tool comprises a cutting
element, which, in still another embodiment, has a back-rake angle
of between 5.degree.-20.degree..
[0014] In one embodiment, the free end of the machining element is
made of poly crystalline or poly compact diamond (PCD), or is made
of mono crystalline diamond (MCD) in another embodiment.
[0015] The invention also concerns a machine for machining floor
and road surfaces, comprising at least one tool with at least one
rotating disc, which disc comprises at least one machining element
in accordance with any of the embodiments defined above.
[0016] Providing the machining element in a tool for machining
floors and road surfaces with a free machining end having a
symmetrically blunt shape, i.e. with no sharp edge/-s in any
direction, means that the machining element machines the floor
and/or road surface similar to a mill or a crusher, and that the
machining of the floor/road surface is performed independently of
the direction of rotation of the tool. Furthermore, a blunt shape
is less sensible for strikes against projections, irregularities,
edges etc in the floor/road surface. This strike/shock resistance
of the tool is further enhanced by making the tool end in poly
crystalline or poly compact diamond. Moreover, if such an inventive
machining element is combined with cutting elements on the same
tool, the inventive machining element enhances the engagement for
the cutting element in the floor/road surface by milling/scratching
the floor/road surface "opening" it up for the cutting edge on the
cutting element, which increases the removal rate.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The tool will now be described in more detail with reference
to the schematic drawings enclosed, in which
[0018] FIG. 1 shows a view of an exemplary machine with a tool
having at least one machining disc with at least one machining
element according to the invention,
[0019] FIGS. 2-4 show different embodiments in perspective views of
a machining disc for the tool according to FIG. 1,
[0020] FIGS. 5-23 show different embodiments of the machining
element according to FIGS. 1-4 in different views, and
[0021] FIGS. 24-29 show different shapes of a free machining end of
the machining element according to FIGS. 1-23.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0022] FIG. 1 indicates a machine for machining surfaces on floors
and roads with an abrading or machining tool 10 with at least one
rotating disc 20, which is mounted rotatably and for
abrasion/machining of surfaces is driven by a motor as is explained
in more detail in for example the patent publication WO 94/08752.
The floor and/or road surfaces may be stone, concrete, different
types of asphalt, or different types of coatings on these surfaces,
e.g. epoxy lacquers/resins/adhesives, plastic materials (e.g.
plastic mats), paint, lacquer, or any other type of coating. On the
rotatable machining disc 20 a suitable number of carrier plates 21
may be detachably attached (only one plate is mounted in FIGS. 2-4)
and positioned according to a predetermined pattern, i.e. a pattern
suitable for the desired machining, at the periphery of the disc
20. The machining disc 20 is rotated substantially in a plane
parallel to the surface in a known way and by means of known driver
means. There may be more than one disc 20 forming the tool 10 and
these discs 20 may all be rotated in the same direction or one or
more discs may be rotated in opposite directions in relation to the
other disc or discs, i.e. in a contra-rotating manner, and/or in
pairs (not shown), or only a single disc 20 may be used. If two
contra-rotating discs 20 are used the forces during machining are
balanced. Moreover, discs 20 without carrier plates 21 may also be
used.
[0023] Each carrier plate 21, as shown in FIGS. 2-13, and/or each
disc 20, as shown in FIGS. 14-29, supports at least one machining
element 30 arranged in a predetermined manner, The machining disc
20 is described for clarifying the invention, whereby the machining
disc may be of any kind, e.g. as disclosed in EP-1 321 233 and/or
WO 2004/108352.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the machining disc 20 (shown in
FIGS. 2-21 and 24-29) only one or up to three machining elements
are arranged for machining. In other embodiments more than three
machining elements 30, e.g. four or more as shown in FIGS. 22 and
23, may be used, the number of elements being limited by costs
associated therewith.
[0025] The machining element 30 shown in FIGS. 2-29 is made of
synthetic diamond, i.e. poly crystalline or poly compact diamond
(PCD) or mono crystalline diamond (MCD). The machining element 30
is securely attached directly to the disc 20 and/or the carrier
plate 21 by means of press fitting, adhesion, or brazing in a
recess, e.g. in the form of a bottom or through hole on the carrier
plate or the disc. The machining element 30 is shown with an
elongated shape, i.e. a cylindrical shape with a circular
cross-section but may of course have any other suitable
cross-section shape, e.g. elliptical, square, rhomboid, rectangular
etc.
[0026] The tool 10 for machining floor and road surfaces comprises
the at least one rotatably mounted disc 20 driven during use, which
disc carries the at least one machining element 30 being attached
at one end 30a to the disc or the plate 21. The machining element
30 has a free end 30b with a symmetrically blunt shape, i.e. it has
no sharp cutting edges in any direction, so that the disc 20 can be
driven in different directions with the same machining element.
This is possible due to the fact that the symmetrically blunt shape
does not hinder the movement of the disc 20 to different extents in
different directions, instead it gives an essentially equal
resistance/friction in all directions of movement when the element
30 is in engagement with the surface, i.e. independently of linear
and/or rotational direction of the disc 20. The directions could as
mentioned be opposite rotational directions for the disc 20, e.g.
clockwise and anti-clockwise, or linear movements of the disc 20 in
different directions, e.g. back and forth, or combinations of these
movements in varying patterns depending on the desired machining of
the floor/road surface.
[0027] In one embodiment, the machining element 30 protrudes out of
the disc 20 or the plate 21 with its longitudinal axis
perpendicular to the plane of the plate (FIGS. 2-15 and 16-29). In
another embodiment, the machining element 30 protrudes out of the
disc 20 or the plate 21 with its longitudinal axis oblique in
relation to the plane of the disc or plate (FIGS. 20 and 21). These
different orientations or protrusions, i.e. both perpendicularly
and inclined in relation to the plane of the disc/plate of the
machining element 30 is possible in that its blunt end shape
reduces the risk of jamming the free end 30b in the surface when
the machining element is moved in different directions, and also
when the direction is altered during a current machining of a
surface.
[0028] One embodiment of the tool 10 comprises the at least one
machining element 30 protruding out of the disc 20 or the plate 21
with its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the plane of the
disc/plate and at least one machining element 30 protruding out of
the disc or plate with its longitudinal axis inclined in relation
to the plane of the disc/plate, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21. In
another embodiment, the machining element 30 protrudes out of the
disc 20 or the plate 21 with its longitudinal axis having an
inclination angle .alpha. of up to 45.degree. in relation to an
axis V being perpendicular to the plane of the disc/plate, as shown
in FIGS. 20 and 21. More specifically, in yet another embodiment,
at least one machining element may extend perpendicularly and/or at
least two machining elements 30 may extend inclined with different
angles .alpha. and/or in different directions. Here, the left
element is inclined with 30.degree. and the right element is
inclined with 45.degree. . Any other angle between 0.degree. and
45.degree. for each element 30 and any combination of straight
and/or oblique extending elements are possible for achieving the
effect.
[0029] According to another embodiment, the free end 30b of the
machining element 30 has a rounded shape, i.e. an all round shape,
as shown in FIGS. 2-29, and in more detail in FIGS. 24-29.
According to yet another embodiment, the free end 30b of the
machining element 30 has a dome-shape, and in still another
embodiment, the free end 30b of the machining element 30 has a
spherical shape as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29. In yet another
embodiment, the free end 30b of the machining element 30 is
bevelled/chamfered, i.e. chamfer round, as shown in FIGS. 24-26.
Moreover, in another embodiment, the free end of the machining
element has a frustoconical shape as shown in FIG. 24, 26-27.
Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 25 where the free end 30b of
the machining element has a conical shape transcending into a
rounded tip. In FIG. 27, one embodiment is shown where the free end
30 b has a frustoconical shape with a camber/cross slope shape. All
of these shapes give a smoother surface of the free end 30b further
reducing the friction with the machined surface and the risk of
jamming the free end in the surface.
[0030] According to another embodiment, the tool 10 comprises a
supporting stud 40 with a support surface 41 in parallel with the
plane of the disc 20 or the plate 21 for contacting the surface, so
that any surface is machined as plane as possible. This further
reduces the risk of jamming the free end 30b of the machining
element 30 in the surface during machining because it controls the
depth of the engagement for the machining element with the surface,
i.e. the milling/crushing effect of the machining element 30 is
controlled.
[0031] In one embodiment, the supporting stud 40 also is a
machining element in that its support surface 41 comprises
machining abrasives, which may be of any known type, e.g. a diamond
matrix. This improves the removal rate when machining the surface
and enhances the control of the engagement depth for the machining
element 30 with the surface, and also makes the surface of the
floor/road smoother reducing the risk of jamming the free end 30b
into a too coarse surface.
[0032] According to yet another embodiment, the supporting stud 40
has a underheight in relation to the free end 30b of the machining
element 30. This further enhances the control of the engagement
depth for the machining element with the surface, and further
reduces the risk of jamming or machining the free end 30b too deep
into the surface. In another embodiment, the tool 10 comprises a
cutting element 50. This increases the removal rate for the tool
when combined with the inventive machining element 30 when
machining the surface due to the fact that at least two machining
elements, i.e. the machining element 30 and the cutting element 50,
cooperate in that the machining element 30 "opens up" the surface
for the cutting element 50. The third machining element 50 has a
back-rake angle of between 5.degree.-20.degree., preferably
15.degree. as shown in FIGS. 4, 10-13.
[0033] In FIGS. 3, and 8-9, the first machining element 30 is shown
together with the second machining and supporting element 40, i.e.
the supporting stud 40. FIGS. 4 and 10-13 show the first machining
element 30 together with the second machining and supporting
element 40, i.e. the supporting stud 40, and the third machining
element, i.e. the cutting element 50, but any other combination of
one or more of these elements 30, 40, 50 is possible. In a first
embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 5-7 only one machining element 30
is arranged on the carrier plate 21, and in FIGS. 14-15 and 24-29
only one machining element 30 is arranged directly on the disc 20
eliminating the use of the carrier plate. In another embodiment, as
shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, 12 and 13, and 16-23, two, three, four and
twelve respectively, first machining elements 30 are arranged on
the respective carrier plate 21 or directly on the disc 20. In
FIGS. 4 and 10-11 another embodiment is shown in which one first
machining element 30 is arranged on the carrier plate 21 together
with one supporting stud 40 and one cutting element 50. Finally, in
FIGS. 12-13, in another embodiment, three first machining elements
30 are arranged on the carrier plate together with one supporting
stud 40 and one cutting element 50. All of these machining elements
30, 40, 50 may as described be attached directly onto the disc 20
eliminating the need of the intermediate carrier plate 21.
[0034] The size of the machining element 30 and its orientation
together with its free length protruding out of the disc 20 or
plate 21 may be chosen differently for different applications. The
machining element is for example between 2 to 20 mm in diameter and
protrudes out of the disc 20 or the plate 21 with a length of at
least 3 mm when used for machining and cleaning stone and/or
concrete floors while it may have a larger diameter and may
protrude out with a different length when used for machining roads,
wherein a diameter of more than 20 mm and a free protruding length
of more than 3 mm are suitable.
[0035] Moreover, the machining element 30 may protrude out of the
disc 20 or the plate 21 with its longitudinal axis having an
inclination angle .alpha. of up to 45.degree. in relation to the
axis V being perpendicular to the plane of the disc/plate, i.e. the
machining element 30 may extend in any direction out of the
disc/plate in relation to the vertical axis V as long as the
longitudinal axis is inclined not more than 45.degree. from the
vertical axis V. This means that the inclination of the
longitudinal axis of the machining element is limited by a cone
with a cone angle of 45.degree. if the longitudinal axis of the
machining element is swept 360.degree. around the vertical axis V
as seen in a plane being perpendicular to the vertical axis, i.e. a
swept plane in parallel with the plane of the disc 20 or the plate
21, with the limiting inclination of 45.degree..
* * * * *