U.S. patent application number 12/269289 was filed with the patent office on 2010-05-13 for optical recording medium, manufacturing method for optical recording medium, information recording/reproducing method and information recording/reproducing device.
Invention is credited to Joji ANZAI, Yoshiaki KOMMA.
Application Number | 20100118685 12/269289 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 42165113 |
Filed Date | 2010-05-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100118685 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
KOMMA; Yoshiaki ; et
al. |
May 13, 2010 |
OPTICAL RECORDING MEDIUM, MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR OPTICAL
RECORDING MEDIUM, INFORMATION RECORDING/REPRODUCING METHOD AND
INFORMATION RECORDING/REPRODUCING DEVICE
Abstract
An optical recording medium is capable of preventing a back
focus at the face thereof and reducing the interference between
beams reflected by each recording surface, thereby improving the
quality of a servo signal and a reproductive signal. In a disk
having (N-1) layers if N is a natural number (more than three), if
a cover-layer thickness and intermediate-layer thicknesses are d1,
d2, . . . dN, then a difference of 1 .mu.m or above is set between
the sum of di to dj and the sum of dk to dm for arbitrary natural
numbers i, j, k, m (i.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.N). If the
refractive indexes are different from a standard value or different
for each layer, the thickness of each layer is converted on the
basis of the spread width of light according to the thickness.
Inventors: |
KOMMA; Yoshiaki; (Osaka,
JP) ; ANZAI; Joji; (Osaka, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
WENDEROTH, LIND & PONACK L.L.P.
1030 15th Street, N.W., Suite 400 East
Washington
DC
20005-1503
US
|
Family ID: |
42165113 |
Appl. No.: |
12/269289 |
Filed: |
November 12, 2008 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
369/112.23 ;
428/213; G9B/7 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G11B 7/08511 20130101;
G11B 7/24038 20130101; G11B 7/13925 20130101; Y10T 428/2495
20150115; G11B 7/26 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
369/112.23 ;
428/213; G9B/7 |
International
Class: |
G11B 7/00 20060101
G11B007/00; G11B 7/24 20060101 G11B007/24 |
Claims
1. A manufacturing method for an optical recording medium which has
information recording surfaces in (N-1) layers if N is a natural
number (more than three), wherein: if a cover-layer thickness and
intermediate-layer thicknesses are d1, d2, . . . dN, then a
difference DFF between the sum of di to dj and the sum of dk to dm
for arbitrary natural numbers i, j, k, m
(i.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.N) is 1 .mu.m or above; and
the difference DFF is calculated by converting a shape thickness dr
of a part having a refractive index nr different from a standard
value no into a thickness do corresponding to the refractive index
no which generates the same light-beam spread width as a light-beam
spread width at the thickness dr.
2. The manufacturing method for an optical recording medium
according to claim 1, wherein if NA is a numerical aperture when
light converged on the optical recording medium by an objective
lens, .theta.r and .theta.o are a convergent angle of light inside
of a substance having the refractive index nr and no, respectively,
and sin and tan are a sine function and a tangent function,
respectively, then the thickness dr of the part having the
refractive index nr is converted into the thickness do of the
refractive index no in relational expressions: .theta.r=arc
sin(NA/nr), .theta.o=arc sin(NA/no) and
do=drtan(.theta.r)/tan(.theta.o).
3. A manufacturing method for an optical recording medium which has
information recording surfaces in (N-1) layers if N is a natural
number (more than three), wherein: if a cover-layer thickness and
intermediate-layer thicknesses are d1, d2, . . . dN, then a
difference DFF between the sum of di to dj and the sum of dk to dm
for arbitrary natural numbers i, j, k, m
(i.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.N) is 1 .mu.m or above; and a
target value for a shape thickness dr of a part having a refractive
index nr different from a standard value no is obtained by
calculating a thickness do corresponding to the refractive index nr
which generates the same light-beam spread width as a light-beam
spread width at the thickness do corresponding to the refractive
index no.
4. The manufacturing method for an optical recording medium
according to claim 3, wherein if NA is a numerical aperture when
light converged on the optical recording medium by an objective
lens, .theta.r and .theta.o are a convergent angle of light inside
of a substance having the refractive index nr and no, respectively,
and arc sin and tan are an inverse sine function and a tangent
function, respectively, then the thickness do of the part having
the refractive index no is converted into the thickness dr of the
refractive index nr in relational expressions: .theta.r=arc
sin(NA/nr), .theta.o=arc sin(NA/no) and
dr=do.about.tan(.theta.o)/tan(.theta.r).
5. The manufacturing method for an optical recording medium
according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate-layer thickness and
the refractive index are set in such a way that a spherical
aberration is within a specified range.
6. An optical recording medium which has three or more recording
layers manufactured by the manufacturing method for an optical
recording medium according to claim 1.
7. An optical information device which executes reproduction or
recording for the optical recording medium according to claim 6,
comprising: an optical head unit; a motor rotating an optical disk;
and an electric circuit which receives a signal obtained from the
optical head unit and controls and drives the motor, an objective
lens or a laser light source, wherein prior to a focus jump, the
electric circuit corrects a spherical aberration generated on an
intermediate layer at which the focus jump is to be made and moves
a focal position.
8. The manufacturing method for an optical recording medium
according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate-layer thickness and
the refractive index are set in such a way that a spherical
aberration is within a specified range.
9. An optical recording medium which has three or more recording
layers manufactured by the manufacturing method for an optical
recording medium according to claim 3.
10. An optical information device which executes reproduction or
recording for the optical recording medium according to claim 9,
comprising: an optical head unit; a motor rotating an optical disk;
and an electric circuit which receives a signal obtained from the
optical head unit and controls and drives the motor, an objective
lens or a laser light source, wherein prior to a focus jump, the
electric circuit corrects a spherical aberration generated on an
intermediate layer at which the focus jump is to be made and moves
a focal position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates to an optical recording medium
irradiated with light to record or reproduce information.
Particularly, it relates to a layer-interval structure of an
optical recording medium having three or more information recording
surfaces, and a method or a device for reproducing information on
the multilayer optical recording medium or recording information
therein.
[0003] 2. Description of the Background Art
[0004] A high-density and large-capacity optical information
recording medium is on the market--typically, an optical disk such
as a DVD or a BD. The optical disk has recently become increasingly
popular as a recording medium for recording an image, music or
computer data. In order to increase the recording capacity, an
optical recording medium having a plurality of recording layers has
been offered, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication
No. 2001-155380 or Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
2008-117513.
[0005] FIG. 13 shows a conventional configuration of an optical
recording medium and an optical pickup. A divergent beam 70 emitted
from a light source 1: transmits a collimating lens 53 provided
with a spherical-aberration correcting means 93; is incident upon a
polarization beam splitter 52 and transmits it; transmits a
quarter-wave plate 54 to convert into a circularly polarized beam;
thereafter, is converted into a convergent beam by an objective
lens 56; transmits a transparent substrate of an optical recording
medium 401 to concentrate upon any of recording surfaces 401a,
401b, 401c and 401d formed inside of the optical recording medium
401. The objective lens 56 is designed in such a way that the
spherical aberration is zero in the middle depth position between
the first recording surface 401a and the fourth recording surface
401d. The spherical-aberration correcting means 93 moves the
collimating lens 53 in the optical-axis directions to thereby
remove a spherical aberration generated when a beam converges upon
each recording surface 401a, 401b, 401c, 401d.
[0006] The objective lens 56 is provided with an aperture portion
55 restricting the aperture thereof and has a numerical aperture NA
of 0.85. The beam 70 reflected by the fourth recording surface 401d
transmits the objective lens 56 and the quarter-wave plate 54 to
convert into a linearly polarized beam different by an angle of 90
degrees from the outward path; thereafter, is reflected by the
polarization beam splitter 52; transmits a condensing lens 59 to
convert into a convergent beam; is given an astigmatism through a
cylindrical lens 57; and is incident upon a photodetector 320.
[0007] The photodetector 320 includes four light-receiving portions
(not shown) each outputting an electric-current signal according to
the quantity of received light. Each electric-current signal is
used for generating a focus error (FE) signal in an astigmatism
method, a tracking error (TE) signal in a push-pull method and an
information (RF) signal recorded in the optical recording medium
401. The FE signal and the TE signal are amplified to a desired
level and compensated for phase, and thereafter, are supplied to
actuators 91 and 92 for focus and tracking control.
[0008] Herein, a problem arises if thicknesses t1 to t4 are all
equal, as follows. For example, in order to execute recording and
reproduction for the fourth recording surface 401d, the beam 70 is
concentrated on there, and then, a part of the beam 70 is reflected
by the third recording surface 401c. Since the distance between the
third recording surface 401c and the fourth recording surface 401d
is equal to the distance between the third recording surface 401c
and the second recording surface 401b, the part of the beam 70
reflected by the third recording surface 401c forms an image on the
back side of the second recording surface 401b, and the reflected
beam by the second recording surface 401b is reflected again by the
third recording surface 401c and gets mixed with a reflected beam
from the fourth recording surface 401d which should be naturally
read. Further, since the distance between the second recording
surface 401b and the fourth recording surface 401d is also equal to
the distance between the second recording surface 401b and a face
401z of the optical recording medium 401, a part of the beam 70
reflected by the second recording surface 401b forms an image on
the back side of the face 401z of the optical recording medium 401,
and the reflected beam by the face 401z is reflected again by the
second recording surface 401b and gets mixed with the reflected
beam from the fourth recording surface 401d which should be
naturally read. This causes the problem of super imposing multiple
reflected beams from images formed on the back sides of other
layers on the reflected beam from the fourth recording surface 401d
which should be naturally read to thereby hinder the
recording/reproduction. The mixed beams tend to interfere and form
a brightness distribution through interference on a light-receiving
element, and the brightness distribution varies according to the
change in the phase difference between the reflected beam from the
fourth recording surface 401d and a reflected beam from another
layer which is caused by a slight dispersion of intermediate-layer
thicknesses inside of the face of an optical disk, thereby
significantly deteriorating the quality of a servo signal and a
reproductive signal. In the specification, this is below called the
back-focus problem.
[0009] In order to prevent this, a method is disclosed of gradually
lengthening the distance between each recording layer one by one
from the face 401z of the optical recording medium 401 in such a
way that no image is formed on the back side of the second
recording surface 401b or the back side of the face 401z at the
same time that the beam 70 is concentrated on the fourth recording
surface 401d from which reading should be naturally executed (refer
to Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-155380). Herein,
the thicknesses t1 to t4 each have a manufacturing dispersion of
.+-.10 .mu.m, and even if they are widely dispersed, each thickness
t1 to t4 needs to have a different distance, thereby setting the
difference in distance, for example, to 20 .mu.m. In this case,
t1=40 .mu.m, t2=60 .mu.m, t3=80 .mu.m and t4=100 .mu.m, then a
total thickness t (=t2+t3+t4) from the first recording surface 401a
to the fourth recording surface 401d becomes 240 .mu.m.
[0010] If the thickness of a cover layer between the face and the
first recording surface 401a is equal to the thickness between the
fourth recording surface 401d and the first recording surface 401a,
then a beam reflected by the fourth recording surface 401d is
focused at the face and reflected from there, is reflected again by
the fourth recording surface 401d, and thereafter, is led to the
light-receiving portions. Because of the back focus at the face,
this luminous flux does not have information such as a pit and a
mark contained in a back-focus luminous flux on another recording
layer. However, if there are a large number of recording layers,
the quantity of light returning from the recording layers decreases
to thereby heighten the reflectance of the face relatively.
Accordingly, interference with a luminous flux on a reproduction
layer occurs likewise, thereby significantly deteriorating the
quality of a servo signal and a reproductive signal.
[0011] Taking the above problems into account, Japanese Patent
Laid-Open Publication No. 2008-117513 suggests the distance between
recording layers in an optical disk and discloses a structure as
follows.
[0012] An optical recording medium includes four information
recording surfaces--first to fourth information recording surfaces
in order from the face of the optical recording medium. The
distance between the face and the first information recording
surface is 47 .mu.m or below, and the intermediate-layer thickness
between each information surface from the first information
recording surface to the fourth information recording surface is a
combination of 11-15 .mu.m, 16-21 .mu.m, and 22 .mu.m or above. The
distance between the face and the fourth information recording
surface is 100 .mu.m.
[0013] The distance between the face and the first information
recording surface is 47 .mu.m or below and the distance between the
face and the fourth information recording surface is 100 .mu.m.
[0014] In an optical disk system, a beam of light is incident upon
the face of an optical disk and reflected by a recording surface,
and the reflected beam is detected. Hence, an influence is also
given by the refractive index of a transparent material
transmitting the beam from the face to an optical-disk surface. In
the disk structures of Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
2001-155380 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
2008-117513, however, neither an examination nor a description is
given about the refractive index of a transparent material, and
thus, an effect given by the refractive index is not considered at
all.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0015] It is an object of the present invention to provide an
optical disk (optical recording medium) capable of preventing a
back focus at the face thereof and reducing the interference
between beams reflected by each recording surface in consideration
of a refractive index, and having a multilayer disk structure of
three, four or more recording layers capable of widening the
distance between the face and the recording layer closest to the
face to the maximum.
[0016] The other objects, characteristics and superior points of
the present invention will be sufficiently understood in the
following description. Further, the advantages of the present
invention will be obvious in the following description with
reference to the attached drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a configuration of an
optical recording medium and an optical pickup according to the
present invention.
[0018] FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a layer formation of the
optical recording medium according to the present invention.
[0019] FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the problems to be solved
by the invention and a beam reflected by an information recording
surface for recording and reproduction.
[0020] FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the problems to be solved
by the invention and a beam reflected by surfaces other than the
information recording surface for recording and reproduction.
[0021] FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the problems to be solved
by the invention and a beam reflected by surfaces other than the
information recording surface for recording and reproduction.
[0022] FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the problems to be solved
by the invention and a beam reflected by surfaces other than the
information recording surface for recording and reproduction.
[0023] FIG. 7 is a graphical representation showing a relationship
between an FS-signal (light-quantity) amplitude and the difference
in thickness between two interlayer distances of the optical
recording medium.
[0024] FIG. 8 is a graphical representation showing a relationship
between the substrate thickness of the optical recording medium and
a jitter.
[0025] FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a layer formation of the
optical recording medium according to the present invention.
[0026] FIG. 10 is a graphical representation showing the
refractive-index dependency of a coefficient for converting a shape
thickness into a standard refractive index.
[0027] FIG. 11 is a graphical representation showing a conversion
coefficient of a thickness corresponding to a standard refractive
index into a shape thickness at an actual refractive index.
[0028] FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an optical information device
according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0029] FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a configuration of an
optical recording medium and an optical pickup head unit in a
conventional optical information device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE
INVENTION
[0030] An optical recording medium according to each embodiment of
the present invention will be below described with reference to the
attached drawings.
First Embodiment
[0031] An embodiment of the present invention will be below
described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
[0032] FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an optical information
device according to the present invention. An optical pickup head
unit 201 (or an optical pickup) irradiates an optical recording
medium 40 with a blue laser beam having a wavelength .lamda. of 405
nm or so to thereby reproduce a signal recorded in the optical
recording medium 40. The optical recording medium 40 is formed
with, as an example, four information recording surfaces--first to
fourth information recording surfaces 40a, 40b, 40c and 40d in
order from the face of the optical recording medium 40, as shown in
FIG. 2. The optical recording medium 40 is also formed with a cover
layer 42, a first intermediate layer 43, a second intermediate
layer 44 and a third intermediate layer 45. The thickness of the
cover layer 42 (substrate from a face 40z to the first information
recording surface 40a) is t1; the thickness of the first
intermediate layer 43 (substrate from the first information
recording surface 40a to the second information recording surface
40b) is t2; the thickness of the second intermediate layer 44
(substrate from the second information recording surface 40b to the
third information recording surface 40c) is t3; and the thickness
of the third intermediate layer 45 (substrate from the third
information recording surface 40c to the fourth information
recording surface 40d) is t4. Further, the distance between the
face 40z and the first information recording surface 40a is d1
(.apprxeq.t1); the distance between the face 40z and the second
information recording surface 40b is d2 (.apprxeq.t1+t2); the
distance between the face 40z and the third information recording
surface 40c is d3 (.apprxeq.t1+t2+t3); and the distance between the
face 40z and the fourth information recording surface 40d is d4
(.apprxeq.t1+t2+t3+t4).
[0033] Herein, problems will be described in the case of four
information recording surfaces. Firstly, interference caused by
beams reflected from multiple surfaces will be explained with
reference to FIGS. 3 to 7. A luminous flux concentrated for
reproduction or recording shown in FIG. 3 branches off to several
light beams as follows:
[0034] a beam 70 concentrated on a reproduction or recording
surface as shown in FIG. 3,
[0035] a beam 71 (back-focus beam to a recording layer) reflected
by the third information recording surface 40c, focused on the
second information recording surface 40b and reflected from there,
and reflected again by the third information recording surface 40c,
as shown in FIG. 4,
[0036] a beam 72 (back-focus beam to the face) reflected by the
second information recording surface 40b, focused on the face and
reflected from there, and reflected again by the second information
recording surface 40b, as shown in FIG. 5, and
[0037] a beam 73 reflected by the information recording surfaces
40c, 40a and 40b in this order without being focused on any
information recording surface, as shown in FIG. 6.
[0038] To begin with, an examination is made of the case where the
cover layer 42, the first intermediate layer 43, the second
intermediate layer 44 and the third intermediate layer 45 all have
the same refractive index--a common refractive index no.
[0039] For example, if t4=t3, then upon being emitted from the face
40z, the beam 70 and the beam 71 pass along the same optical path
and thereby are incident with the same flux diameter upon the
photodetector 320. Similarly, if t4+t3=t2+t1, and if t2=t4, then
upon being emitted from the face 40z, the beam 70 and the beam 72,
and the beam 70 and the beam 73, respectively, pass along the same
optical path and thereby are incident with the same flux diameter
upon the photodetector 320. Herein, the beams 71 to 73 as
multiple-surface reflected beams are less intense than the beam 70,
however the contrast of interference depends upon not the intensity
of light but the amplitude light-intensity ratio of light. The
amplitude of light is equal to the square root of the intensity of
light, thereby enlarging the contrast of interference even if there
is a slight difference in the intensity of light. Upon being
incident with the same flux diameter on the photodetector 320,
beams are largely affected by interference, and thus, a slight
change in the interlayer thickness significantly varies the
quantity of light received by the photodetector 320, thereby making
it hard to detect a stable signal.
[0040] FIG. 7 shows the FS-signal (total light-intensity) amplitude
relative to the difference in the interlayer thickness if the
light-intensity ratio of the beam 70 to the beam 71, the beam 72 or
the beam 73 is 100:1 and the refractive indexes of the cover layer
42 and the first intermediate layer 43 are approximately 1.6 (1.57)
equal to each other. The abscissa axis is the difference in the
interlayer thickness and the ordinate axis is the FS-signal
amplitude. Assuming that there is no reflection from multilayer
light, the graph shows values obtained by normalizing only the beam
70 using the DC light quantity received by the photodetector 320.
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the FS signal fluctuates sharply as the
interlayer-thickness difference comes within approximately 1
.mu.m.
[0041] In the same way as the beam 72 of FIG. 5, even when the
difference between the thickness t1 of the cover layer 42 and the
total thickness (t2+t3+t4) of the intermediate layers 43 to 45
becomes 1 .mu.m or below, the problem arises such as fluctuations
in the FS signal and the like.
[0042] As a second problem, if the interlayer distance between
information recording surfaces is too narrow, the influence of
crosstalk from each adjacent information recording surface is
produced, thereby requiring that the interlayer distance should be
set to a predetermined value or above. Accordingly, the interlayer
thickness is studied to thereby determine a minimum interlayer
thickness. FIG. 8 shows a relationship between the thickness
between each recording layer in a disk whose recording layers have
a reflectance substantially equal to each other and a jitter. The
refractive indexes thereof are approximately 1.6. In FIG. 8, the
abscissa axis is the thickness between layers and the ordinate axis
is a jitter value. As the interlayer thickness narrows, the jitter
deteriorates--begins to increase from approximately 10 .mu.m and
rises sharply below this interlayer thickness, thereby meaning that
10 .mu.m is most suitable as the minimum value of the interlayer
thickness.
[0043] A configuration of the optical recording medium 40 according
to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with
reference to FIG. 2. In this embodiment, in order to solve an
adverse effect by a beam reflected from another layer or the face,
taking the dispersion of thicknesses in production into
consideration, a four-layer disk structure is set to secure the
following conditions.
[0044] Condition {circle around (1)}: securing 1 .mu.m or above as
the difference between the thickness t1 of the cover layer 42 and
the total thickness (t2+t3+t4) of the intermediate layers 43 to
45.
|t1-(t2+t3+t4).gtoreq.1 .mu.m.
[0045] Condition {circle around (2)}: securing 1 .mu.m or above as
the difference between any two values of t1, t2, t3 and t4.
[0046] Condition {circle around (3)}: securing 1 .mu.m or above as
the difference between the sum (t1+t2) of the thickness t1 of the
cover layer 42 and the thickness t2 of the first intermediate layer
43 and the sum (t3+t4) of the thickness t3 of the second
intermediate layer 44 and the thickness t4 of the third
intermediate layer 45.
[0047] Although there are some other layer-thickness combinations,
they are omitted because they need no considering when a thickness
of a cover layer is set to a value approximate to t2+t3+t4.
[0048] The above description is a specific example of the
four-layer disk structure. However, in the case of a three-layer
disk shown in FIG. 9, the conditions are as follows:
[0049] Condition {circle around (1)}: securing 1 .mu.m or above as
the difference between the thickness t1 of a cover layer 32 and the
total thickness (t2+t3) of the intermediate layers 33 and 34.
t1-(t2+t3).gtoreq.1 .mu.m, and
[0050] Condition {circle around (2)}: securing 1 .mu.m or above as
the difference between any two values of t1, t2 and t3.
[0051] More generally, in a disk having (N-1) layers (N is a
natural number more than three), the above conditions are generally
to set the difference between the sum of di to dj and the sum of dk
to dm for arbitrary natural numbers i, j, k, m
(i.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.N) to 1 .mu.m or above if a
cover-layer thickness and intermediate-layer thicknesses are d1,
d2, . . . dN. The cover-layer thickness is the distance between the
face of an optical recording medium and the information recording
surface closest thereto, thereby similarly meaning that the
distance between the face of the optical recording medium and the
information recording surface second closest thereto is d2, the
distance between the face of the optical recording medium and the
information recording surface third closest thereto is d3, the
distance between the face of the optical recording medium and the
information recording surface fourth closest thereto is d4, . . .
.
[0052] Moreover, all the intermediate-layer thicknesses .gtoreq.10
.mu.m in response to the second problem.
[0053] So far, the refractive indexes are considered to be equal to
a standard value and constant, however, a description will be below
given about the case where the refractive indexes are different
from a standard value or different for each layer. In the first
problem, a back focus occurs because a signal beam and a beam
reflected by another layer are similar in size or shape on a
photodetector. A back focus can be avoided when the difference in
focal position between a signal beam and a beam reflected by
another layer must be 1 .mu.m or above in the optical-path
directions on the side of the optical recording medium if the
refractive indexes are approximately 1.6. In the second problem,
adjacent-layer crosstalk occurs when the defocus quantity of a
signal beam is below 10 .mu.m on an adjacent track if the
refractive indexes are approximately 1.6 .mu.m. The defocus
quantity is essential and is equivalent to the size of a beam
reflected by another layer or a virtual image of a beam reflected
by another layer in a position where a signal beam forms a focal
point. The radius thereof is set as RD. A beam reflected by another
layer which has the size of RD is projected on to a photodetector,
and thereby, the size of interference or crosstalk depends upon the
size of RD. The size RD can be said to be a light spread width
according to a thickness. We found out that in order to avoid a
back focus or crosstalk if a refractive index is different from
no=1.6, conditions should be devised for equating the defocus
quantity or the size of a beam reflected by another layer or a
virtual image of a beam reflected by another layer. In other words,
the layer thickness can also be converted on the basis of the
spread width of a beam according to the thickness.
[0054] When the shape thickness of a part having a refractive index
nr is dr, conditions for producing the same defocus (the size of a
beam reflected by another layer or a virtual image of a beam
reflected by another layer) as when the shape thickness of a part
having a refractive index no is do is as follows:
NA=nrsin(.theta.r)=nosin(.theta.o) (1) and
RD=drtan(.theta.r)=dotan(.theta.o) (2).
[0055] Herein, NA is a numerical aperture when a beam of light
converged on the optical recording medium by an objective lens 56,
and for example, NA=0.85 or so. 0r and 0o are a convergent angle of
a beam of light inside of a substance having each refractive index,
respectively, and sin and tan are a sine function and a tangent
function, respectively.
[0056] From the expression (1),
.theta.r=arc sin(NA/nr), .theta.o=arc sin(NA/no) (3).
[0057] Herein, arc sin is an inverse sine function.
[0058] From the expression (2),
do=drtan(.theta.r)/tan(.theta.o) (4) or
dr=dotan(.theta.o) /tan(.theta.r) (5).
[0059] When the shape thickness of a part having the refractive
index nr is dr, in order to derive an equivalent thickness thereof
corresponding to the refractive index no, do can be calculated in
the expression (4).
[0060] Further, in order to equate the shape thickness dr of a part
having the refractive index nr with the thickness do corresponding
to the refractive index no, dr can be calculated in the expression
(5).
[0061] FIG. 10 shows the coefficient part of the expression (4), or
tan(.theta.r)/tan(.theta.o), as a function of the refractive index
nr, and FIG. 11 shows the coefficient part of the expression (5),
or tan(.theta.o)/tan(.theta.r), as a function of the refractive
index nr.
[0062] If the refractive index of a predetermined layer is
nr(min).ltoreq.nr.ltoreq.nr(max), then in terms of the thickness dr
of a part having the refractive index nr, .theta.r(min)=arc
sin(NA/nr(min)) and .theta.r(max)=arc sin(NA/nr(max)) are set, and
in the same way, the thickness range of an intermediate layer is
determined in the expression of
dr=dotan(.theta.o)/tan(.theta.r).
[0063] A specific example is given of the relationship between a
cover-layer thickness do1 of the above four-layer disk and the sum
of the intermediate-layer thicknesses d2 to d4. If the refractive
indexes are all no or 1.6 and do1 is 54 .mu.m, d2 is 10 .mu.m, d3
is 21 .mu.m and d4 is 19 .mu.m, then the sum of the
intermediate-layer thicknesses d2 to d4 is 50 .mu.m and different
by 4 .mu.m than do1, thereby securing 1 .mu.m or above.
[0064] However, if the refractive index nr of the cover layer is
1.7, the situation differs even though a shape thickness d1r of the
cover layer is 54 .mu.m which is the same as the above. In order to
convert d1r into the thickness d1 in the case where the refractive
index is the standard value no, it can be seen from the expression
(3) and the expression (4) or FIG. 10 that 0.921 should be
multiplied. The thickness d1=0.921.times.d1r=49.7 .mu.m, which is
below 50 .mu.m as the sum of the intermediate-layer thicknesses d2
to d4. In contrast, in order to realize approximately d1=51 .mu.m
for securing 1 .mu.m as the difference between thickness of cover
layer and the sum of the intermediate-layer thicknesses d2 to d4,
it can be seen from the expression (3) and the expression (5) or
FIG. 11 that 1.086 should be multiplied. In other words, the
calculation of d1r=51.times.1.086.apprxeq.55.4 .mu.m should be
made, thereby suggesting that the shape cover-layer thickness d1r
of the cover layer should be 55.4 .mu.m or above in the case of the
refractive index 1.7. This example is merely a predetermined
illustration and thus the present invention is not shackled by this
value.
[0065] Furthermore, in terms of how to determine d1 to dN, the
above method is capable of reducing the influence of multilayer
stray light possibly produced in a multilayer optical recording
medium. Instead of this determining method, however, the present
invention can also be applied to an optical recording medium having
d1 to dN determined by another method.
[0066] Moreover, the thickness of an intermediate layer needs to
fulfill specified conditions from another viewpoint. In order to
stabilize a focus jump, it is desirable that the thickness of an
intermediate layer is within a specified range from a standard
value. The focus jump is a motion for shifting the focal position
from a recording layer to another recording layer. In order to
stably obtain a focus error signal in a layer toward which a focus
jump is made, desirably, the quality of a focus error signal should
be improved in the layer by moving the collimating lens 53 or
executing another such operation before the focus jump. For this
purpose, the difference in spherical aberration between the
recording layers should be within a specified range.
[0067] A difference in the refractive index varies the length of a
spherical aberration despite the same thickness, and thus, it is
desirable that a target value or a specified tolerance for the
thickness of an intermediate layer is also set in such a way that
the spherical-aberration length comes within a specified range.
[0068] In addition, the present invention is not limited to any of
a writable type, a write-once read-multiple type and a ROM type,
and thus, can be applied to information recording media of various
types.
[0069] FIG. 12 shows an optical information device making a focus
jump.
[0070] The optical recording medium 40 is placed on a turntable 182
and rotated by a motor 164. The optical pickup head unit 201
described earlier is coarsely moved up to a track where desired
information exits on the optical disk by an optical-head drive unit
151.
[0071] In response to the positional relation to the optical
recording medium 40, the optical pickup head unit 201 sends a focus
error signal or a tracking error signal to an electric circuit 153.
In response to this signal, the electric circuit 153 sends a signal
for finely moving an objective lens to the optical pickup head unit
201. In accordance with this signal, the optical pickup head unit
201 executes focus control or tracking control for the optical
disk, and reads, writes (records) or erases information. The
procedure for a focus jump is controlled mainly by the circuit
153.
[0072] With respect to the above optical information medium
according to the present invention, the optical information device
according to this embodiment moves the collimating lens 53 or
executes another such operation before a focus jump to thereby
correct a spherical aberration produced in an intermediate layer at
which the jump is to be made and thereafter shifts the focal
position, thereby improving the quality of a focus error signal in
a layer toward which the jump is made to stabilize the focus
jump.
[0073] An optical disk (=optical recording medium) according to the
present invention is manufactured based on the following structures
or manufacturing methods.
[0074] A first manufacturing method for an information recording
medium according to the present invention is a manufacturing method
for an optical recording medium which has information recording
surfaces in (N-1) layers if N is a natural number (more than
three), in which: if a cover-layer thickness and intermediate-layer
thicknesses are d1, d2, . . . dN, then a difference DFF between the
sum of di to dj and the sum of dk to dm for arbitrary natural
numbers i, j, k, m (i.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.N) is 1
.mu.m or above; and the difference DFF is calculated by converting
a shape thickness dr of a part having a refractive index nr
different from a standard value no into a thickness do
corresponding to the refractive index no which generates the same
light-beam spread width as a light-beam spread width at the
thickness dr.
[0075] Furthermore, a second manufacturing method for an
information recording medium according to the present invention is
a manufacturing method in which further, if NA is a numerical
aperture when light converged on the optical recording medium by an
objective lens, .theta.r and .theta.o are a convergent angle of
light inside of a substance having the refractive index nr and no,
respectively, and sin and tan are a sine function and a tangent
function, respectively, then the thickness dr of the part having
the refractive index nr is converted into the thickness do of the
refractive index no in relational expressions:
.theta.r=arc sin(NA/nr), .theta.o=arc sin (NA/no) and
do=drtan(.theta.r)/tan(.theta.o).
[0076] Moreover, a third manufacturing method for an information
recording medium according to the present invention is a
manufacturing method for an optical recording medium which has
information recording surfaces in (N-1) layers if N is a natural
number (more than three), in which: if a cover-layer thickness and
intermediate-layer thicknesses are d1, d2, . . . dN, then a
difference DFF between the sum of di to dj and the sum of dk to dm
for arbitrary natural numbers i, j, k, m
(i.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.N) is 1 .mu.m or above; and a
target value for a shape thickness dr of a part having a refractive
index nr different from a standard value no is obtained by
calculating a thickness do corresponding to the refractive index nr
which generates the same light-beam spread width as a light-beam
spread width at the thickness do corresponding to the refractive
index no.
[0077] In addition, a fourth manufacturing method for an
information recording medium according to the present invention is
a manufacturing method in which further, if NA is a numerical
aperture when light converged on the optical recording medium by an
objective lens, .theta.r and .theta.o are a convergent angle of
light inside of a substance having the refractive index nr and no,
respectively, and arc sin and tan are an inverse sine function and
a tangent function, respectively, then the thickness do of the part
having the refractive index no is converted into the thickness dr
of the refractive index nr in relational expressions:
.theta.r=arc sin(NA/nr), .theta.o=arc sin(NA/no) and
dr=dotan(.theta.o)/tan(.theta.r).
[0078] Furthermore, a fifth manufacturing method for an information
recording medium according to the present invention is a
manufacturing method in which in the first to fourth manufacturing
methods, the intermediate-layer thickness and the refractive index
are set in such a way that a spherical aberration is within a
specified range.
[0079] Moreover, an optical recording medium according to the
present invention is an optical recording medium which has three or
more recording layers manufactured by the first to fifth
manufacturing methods.
[0080] In addition, an optical head unit according to the present
invention is an optical information device which includes a motor
rotating an optical disk, and an electric circuit which receives a
signal obtained from the optical head unit and controls and drives
the motor, an objective lens or a laser light source, in which for
the optical information medium according to the present invention,
prior to a focus jump, the electric circuit corrects a spherical
aberration generated on an intermediate layer at which the focus
jump is to be made and thereafter moves the focal position, thereby
improving the quality of a focus error signal in a layer toward
which the focus jump is made.
[0081] The optical recording medium according to the present
invention is capable of preventing a back focus at the face thereof
and reducing the interference between beams reflected by each
recording surface, thereby improving the quality of a servo signal
and a reproductive signal. A guide to designing a thickness
according to a refractive index in the optical recording medium
becomes obvious, thereby specifically clarifying a guide to the
creation of a product.
[0082] The multilayer optical disk (optical recording medium)
according to the present invention is capable of, even if the
refractive index of a cover layer or an intermediate layer is
different from a standard value, then minimizing the influence of
light reflected by a layer when reproduction is executed for any
other layer, thereby reducing the effect on a servo signal and a
reproductive signal at an optical head.
[0083] This makes it possible to provide an optical disk capable of
obtaining a high-quality reproductive signal, having a large
capacity and being easily compatible with an existing disk.
[0084] Herein, the specific implementation or embodiments given in
the section of DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF
THE INVENTION merely clarify the contents of an art according to
the present invention, and thus, without being limited only to the
specific examples and interpreted in a narrow sense, numerous
variations can be implemented within the scope of the spirit of the
present invention and the following claims.
* * * * *