U.S. patent application number 12/608335 was filed with the patent office on 2010-05-06 for stent.
This patent application is currently assigned to ABBOTT LABORATORIES VASCULAR ENTERPRISES LIMITED. Invention is credited to Jorge Calisse.
Application Number | 20100114297 12/608335 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 8178653 |
Filed Date | 2010-05-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100114297 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Calisse; Jorge |
May 6, 2010 |
STENT
Abstract
A stent has a tubular flexible body with a wall formed of a web
structure: The web structure has a plurality of neighboring web
patterns which include webs arranged side by side. The web patterns
are interconnected via at least one connection element. To prevent
the connection element from moving out of the plane of the wall
during expansion, the connection elements are each provided with
connection webs arranged at an angle relative to one another and
interconnected via hinges.
Inventors: |
Calisse; Jorge; (Berlin,
DE) |
Correspondence
Address: |
WORKMAN NYDEGGER
1000 EAGLE GATE TOWER,, 60 EAST SOUTH TEMPLE
SALT LAKE CITY
UT
84111
US
|
Assignee: |
ABBOTT LABORATORIES VASCULAR
ENTERPRISES LIMITED
Dublin
IE
|
Family ID: |
8178653 |
Appl. No.: |
12/608335 |
Filed: |
October 29, 2009 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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11435260 |
May 16, 2006 |
7611531 |
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12608335 |
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10241523 |
Sep 12, 2002 |
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11435260 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
623/1.16 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F 2250/0036 20130101;
A61F 2002/91558 20130101; A61F 2230/0054 20130101; A61F 2/915
20130101; A61F 2002/91533 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
623/1.16 |
International
Class: |
A61F 2/82 20060101
A61F002/82 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 18, 2001 |
EP |
01122285.8 |
Claims
1. A stent comprising: a tubular flexible body with a wall having a
web structure which can be transformed from a non-expanded state
into an expanded state, said web structure comprising a plurality
of neighboring web patterns which include webs arranged side by
side, and adjacent pairs of said web patterns being interconnected
by at least one connection element, each of said connection
elements comprises a central connection web and a pair of outer
connection webs that are arranged at an angle relative to one
another and interconnected via a pair of inner hinges.
2. The stent according to claim 1, wherein said connection webs in
the non-expanded state of said web structure are arranged at least
approximately at right angles relative to one another.
3. The stent according to claim 2, wherein said connection webs
have equal widths.
4. The stent according to claim 2, wherein said connection webs
have different widths.
5. The stent according to claim 2, wherein said central connection
web has a smaller width than that of the outer connection webs.
6. The stent according to claim 1, wherein said connection webs
have equal widths.
7. The stent according to claim 1, wherein said connection webs
have different widths.
8. The stent according to claim 1, wherein said central connection
web has a smaller width than that of the outer connection webs.
9. The stein according to claim 1, wherein said outer connection
webs are each connected via an outer hinge to the neighboring web
of said wall structure.
10. The stent according to claim 9, wherein said outer hinges are
formed as film hinges.
11. The stent according to claim 10, wherein said inner hinges are
formed as film hinges.
12. The stein according to claim 1, wherein said inner hinges are
formed as film hinges.
13. The stent according to claim 1, wherein the wall of said body
is formed of a biocompatible material.
14. The stent according to claim 13, wherein said web structure and
said connection elements are formed of a nickel-titanium alloy,
plastics or stainless steel.
15. The stent according to claim 1, wherein the lengths of said
connection webs are equal.
16. The stent according to claim 1, wherein the lengths of said
connection webs are different.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention generally relates to stents that are
implanted into a body vessel. More specifically, the present
invention relates to an expandable stent having a tubular flexible
body with a wall formed of a web structure.
[0003] 2. Background Information
[0004] Very different types of stents are already known from the
prior art. For example, there are coronary stents such as balloon
expanded stents or self-expandable stents. The stent forms a
vascular prosthesis made from a physically compatible material. The
stent or stent prosthesis is used for expanding blood vessels, or
also other body orifices, and for keeping the vessels or orifices
in an expanded state. To this end, the stent is normally positioned
in a non-expanded state in a patient's body, usually with the help
of a balloon catheter onto which the stent is crimped, and is then
expanded. During expansion the individual stent portions of the
stent are deformed, so that the stent remains in its expanded form
in a permanent way.
[0005] A stent of the type indicated is disclosed in German Utility
Model Patent Publication DE-U-297 08 689.8. In this stent, several
S-shaped connection elements are provided as connectors between the
web patterns of the web structure of the stent wall. Although these
connection elements in the non-expanded state result in a very
flexible stent construction and, in the expanded state, in a stent
construction with a high radial force or radial-force absorbing
capacity, improvements are nevertheless possible as it cannot be
ruled out all the time that during expansion the connection
elements bulge outwards or inwards from the wall plane, whereby the
surrounding tissue is slightly injured and the formation of
thromboses or restenoses is promoted.
[0006] In view of the above, it will be apparent to those skilled
in the art from this disclosure that there exists a need for an
improved stent. This invention addresses this need in the art as
well as other needs, which will become apparent to those skilled in
the art from this disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] It is therefore the object of the present invention to
provide a stent, which in the non-expanded state is very flexible
and in the case of which it can be prevented during expansion that
the connection elements can move out of the wall surface of the
stent.
[0008] This object is achieved by the features of a stent
comprising a tubular flexible body with a wall having a web
structure that can be transformed from a non-expanded state into an
expanded state. The web structure comprises a plurality of
neighboring web patterns which include webs arranged side by side,
and adjacent pairs of the web patterns being interconnected by at
least one connection element. Each of the connection elements
comprises three connection webs arranged at an angle relative to
one another and interconnected via a pair of hinges.
[0009] The stent according to the invention yields a very flexible
structure during bending and compression. It is possible in a
particularly advantageous manner to prevent a situation where upon
expansion of the stent the connection elements impair the tissue in
the expanded state of the stent, and where the lumen of the stent
interior is reduced.
[0010] The reason for such an advantageous effect must above all be
seen in the fact that the connection elements become shorter both
during bending (e.g., when the stent is placed in a curved vessel)
and during expansion (e.g., during expansion by means of the
balloon), which is achieved by the special arrangement of the
connection webs of the connection elements with the hinges or
joints provided for.
[0011] The connection webs of the connection elements in the
non-expanded or compressed state of the web structure are arranged
relative to one another at least approximately, preferably exactly,
at a right angle.
[0012] It is thus possible to make the width of each of the
connection webs equal or, in order to achieve an enhanced
flexibility, to make the width of the central connection web
slightly smaller than the width of the connection webs joining the
central web.
[0013] The connection webs which are connected to the neighboring
webs of the web structure are mounted in a particularly preferred
embodiment also via hinges.
[0014] Film hinges are provided as a particularly preferred and
particularly simple embodiment for the hinges.
[0015] Preferably, the stent consists of a biocompatible material
which in a particularly preferred embodiment is a nickel-titanium
alloy or special steel.
[0016] These and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of
the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the
art from the following detailed description, which, taken in
conjunction with the annexed drawings, discloses a preferred
embodiment of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Referring now to the attached drawings which form a part of
this original disclosure:
[0018] FIG. 1 is a diagrammatically very simplified schematic
illustration of the basic shape of the stent according to the
present invention;
[0019] FIG. 2 is an enlarged, partial elevational view of a part of
the web structure of the wall of the stent in the non-expanded
state according to the present invention;
[0020] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the connection
elements according to the invention for explaining the function of
the connection elements;
[0021] FIG. 4A is a partial diagrammatically illustration,
corresponding to FIG. 2, of the arrangement of the stent according
to the present invention in a non-expanded state after being
inserted into a curved vessel;
[0022] FIG. 4B is an illustration corresponding to FIG. 2 of the
arrangement of the stent according to the present invention in an
expanded state within a curved vessel; and
[0023] FIG. 5 is an enlarged, partial elevational view of a part of
a modified connection element that can be used in place of the
connection elements of the stent in FIG. 2 according to the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0024] Selected embodiments of the present invention will now be
explained with reference to the drawings. It will be apparent to
those skilled in the art from this disclosure that the following
descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are
provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting
the invention as defined by the appended claims and their
equivalents.
[0025] Referring initially to FIG. 1, a stent 1 is diagrammatically
illustrated in a very simplified schematic illustration to show the
overall general shape of the stent in accordance with a first
embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front perspective
view of the stent 1. The stent 1 basically comprises a flexible
tubular body 2 with a tubular wall 3 with a longitudinal direction
L and a circumferential direction C. The stent 1 according to the
present invention can be designed as a balloon-expandable or
self-expandable stent.
[0026] FIG. 2 shows the basic construction of the wall 3 of the
body 2 of the stent 1 according to the present invention. The wall
3 of the body 2 of the stent 1 has a stent web structure 4 which
can be transformed from a non-expanded state (compressed) into an
expanded state. To this end the stent web structure 4 comprises a
plurality of neighboring web patterns, of which only portions of
web patterns 5 and 6 are illustrated in FIG. 2 by way of example.
The web patterns 5 and 6 are continuous circumferentially extending
rings that are axially interconnected by at least one connection
element 7, preferably by a plurality of the connection elements 7
as shown. While only two web patterns 5 and 6 are shown, it will be
apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that
there exists a plurality of web patterns 5 and 6 arranged in an
alternating manner with at least one connection element 7
(preferably several connection elements 7) connecting adjacent
pairs of the web patterns 5 and 6. In FIG. 2, the web pattern 5 is
an end web pattern with the connection elements 7 coupled to only
one of its axial sides, while the web pattern 6 is an inner web
pattern with the connection elements 7 coupled to both of its axial
sides. The right axial side of the web pattern 6 is coupled to a
circumferential web pattern (not shown) that is identical to the
web pattern 5, except the left axial side of this web pattern (not
shown) is interconnected to the web pattern 6 by the connection
elements 7.
[0027] As seen in FIG. 2, the web pattern 5 is formed of a
plurality of first webs 8 and a plurality of second webs 9 that are
arranged in an alternating manner. Each end the first webs 8 is
connected to a corresponding end of one of the second webs 9 by a
bend or curved section 12. Likewise, the web pattern 6 is formed of
a plurality of first webs 10 and a plurality of second webs 11 that
are arranged in an alternating manner. Each end the first webs 10
is connected to a corresponding end of one of the second webs 11 by
a bend or curved section 13. Preferably, the web patterns of the
wall 3 of the body 2 of the stent 1 alternate with the web patterns
5 and 6 such that every other web pattern look like the web pattern
5 with the web pattern 6 located therebetween and coupled together
by the connection elements 7 as shown in FIG. 2.
[0028] The connection element 7 comprises three connection webs,
i.e., a first outer connection web 14, a central connection web 15
and a second outer connection web 16 that are arranged at an angle
relative to one another and interconnected via a pair of inner
hinges 17 and 18. In particular, the connection elements 14 and 15
are interconnected via the hinge 17, and the connection webs 15 and
16 are interconnected the hinge 18. The outer connection web 14 is
further connected via an outer hinge 19 to one of the bends 12, and
the second outer connection web 16 via an outer hinge 20 to one of
the bends 13, in accordance with the web patterns 5 and 6,
respectively.
[0029] In the particularly preferred embodiment in FIG. 2, the
connection webs 14, 15 and 16 are arranged at right angles relative
to one another. The hinges 17, 18, 19 and 20 are designed as film
hinges which are formed by providing approximately semicircular
openings 24, 25, 23 and 26, respectively, in the respective
connection webs 14, 15 and 16.
[0030] Preferably, the central connection web 15 has a length that
is smaller than the lengths of the connection webs 14 and 16 as
seen in FIG. 2. However, as seen in the alternate embodiment of
FIG. 5, it is possible to make, the lengths of the webs 14, 15 and
16 all equal.
[0031] Furthermore, in the particularly preferred embodiment shown
in FIG. 2, the width B1 is equal to the width B2 and the width, in
turn, is equal to width B3 of the connection webs 14, 15 and 16,
respectively. However, as seen in the alternate embodiment of FIG.
5, it is possible to make the width B2 of the connection web 15
smaller than the width B1 and the width B3 for increasing
flexibility of the connection element 7.
[0032] FIG. 3 illustrates the mode of operation of the connection
element 7 according to the invention within the stent web structure
4. The arrangement 7.sub.1 shows the configuration of the
connection element 7 according to FIG. 2 in a schematically
simplified view. This results in a distance A of the length of the
central connection web 15.
[0033] The state 7.sub.2 of the connection element 7 illustrates
the positions of the webs 14, 15 and 16 in their compressed or
unexpanded states, which are symbolized by the two arrows K. This
yields a distance at between the hinges 17 and 18 that is smaller
than the distance A.
[0034] The state 7.sub.3, which corresponds to an expanded state,
also yields a distance a.sub.2 that is also smaller than the
distance A.
[0035] This means that the connection element 7 is shortened both
in the compressed (unexpanded) and the expanded state so that the
connection elements 7 cannot protrude from the wall plane of the
web structure, whereby in particular in the implanted state the
surrounding tissue of the respective volume cannot be injured.
Furthermore, this has the advantage that the connection elements 7
in curved vessels yield a uniform wall cover through the web
patterns 5 and 6 as well as flexibility of the whole stent
construction.
[0036] Reference is here made to FIG. 4A and 4B, each showing a
section of the stent web structure 4 arranged in a curved vessel.
FIG. 4A shows the compressed (unexpanded) state of the connection
element 7 with its connection webs 14 to 16, whereas FIG. 4B shows
and illustrates the stretched (expanded) state of a corresponding
connection element 7 with its connection webs 14 to 16.
[0037] The terms of degree such as "substantially", "about" and
"approximately" as used herein mean a reasonable amount of
deviation of the modified term such that the end result is not
significantly changed. For example, these terms can be construed as
including a deviation of at least .+-.5% of the modified term if
this deviation would not negate the meaning of the word it
modifies.
[0038] This application claims priority to European Patent
Application No. 01122285.8. The entire disclosure of European
Patent Application No. 01122285.8 is hereby incorporated herein by
reference.
[0039] While only selected embodiments have been chosen to
illustrate the present invention, it will be apparent to those
skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and
modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope
of the invention as defined in the appended claims. Furthermore,
the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments according to the
present invention are provided for illustration only, and not for
the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended
claims and their equivalents. Thus, the scope of the invention is
not limited to the disclosed embodiments.
* * * * *