U.S. patent application number 12/589628 was filed with the patent office on 2010-05-06 for diesel fuel additive composition and scouring method using the same.
This patent application is currently assigned to DENSO CORPORATION. Invention is credited to Hiroshi Ookubo, Yuki Yamamoto.
Application Number | 20100107477 12/589628 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 41611331 |
Filed Date | 2010-05-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100107477 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Ookubo; Hiroshi ; et
al. |
May 6, 2010 |
Diesel fuel additive composition and scouring method using the
same
Abstract
A diesel fuel additive composition comprising (a)
polyoxyalkylene alkyl amine represented by Formula (1) below, (b)
glycol monoalkyl ether represented by Formula (2) below, (c) glycol
dialkyl ether represented by Formula (3) below, (d) a heterocyclic
compound, and (e) water, wherein the diesel fuel additive
composition contains component at 50 to 80% by weight, component
(b) at 5 to 20% by weight, component (c) at 5 to 15% by weight,
component (d) at 5 to 15% by weight, and component (e) at 1 to 5%
by weight; ##STR00001## (wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group
with a carbon number from 8 to 25, each of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 is
an alkylene group with a carbon number from 2 to 4, k and 1
respectively represent a number from 1 to 30, each of R.sup.2,
R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is an alkyl group with a carbon number from 1
to 8, each of A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 is an alkylene group with a
carbon number of 2 or 3, and each of m and n represents a number
from 1 to 4).
Inventors: |
Ookubo; Hiroshi;
(Okazaki-city, JP) ; Yamamoto; Yuki; (Kobe-shi,
JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
HARNESS, DICKEY & PIERCE, P.L.C.
P.O. BOX 828
BLOOMFIELD HILLS
MI
48303
US
|
Assignee: |
DENSO CORPORATION
Kariya-city
JP
Yuka Sangyo Co., Ltd
Tokyo
JP
|
Family ID: |
41611331 |
Appl. No.: |
12/589628 |
Filed: |
October 26, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
44/340 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10L 1/1985 20130101;
C10L 1/232 20130101; C10L 1/2387 20130101; C10L 1/2225 20130101;
C10L 1/143 20130101; C10L 1/238 20130101; C10L 1/1855 20130101;
C10L 1/1852 20130101; C10L 1/125 20130101; C10L 10/06 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
44/340 |
International
Class: |
C10L 1/232 20060101
C10L001/232 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Oct 31, 2008 |
JP |
2008-280957 |
Claims
1. A diesel fuel additive composition comprising (a)
polyoxyalkylene alkyl amine represented by Formula (1) below, (b)
glycol monoalkyl ether represented by Formula (2) below, (c) glycol
dialkyl ether represented by Formula (3) below, (d) a heterocyclic
compound, and (e) water; wherein the diesel fuel additive
composition contains said component at 50 to 80% by weight, said
component (b) at 5 to 20% by weight, said component (c) at 5 to 15%
by weight, said component (d) at 5 to 15% by weight, and said
component (e) at 1 to 5% by weight; ##STR00004## (wherein R.sup.1
represents an alkyl group with a carbon number from 8 to 25, each
of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 is an alkylene group with a carbon number
from 2 to 4, when A.sup.1O and/or A.sup.2O are repeated, each of
A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 may be either the same or different alkylene
group, and k and 1 respectively represent a number from 1 to 30),
R.sup.2O(A.sup.3O).sub.mH (2) (wherein R.sup.2 is an alkyl group
with a carbon number from 1 to 8, A.sup.3 is an alkylene group with
a carbon number of 2 or 3, when A.sup.3O is repeated, A.sup.3 may
be either the same or different alkylene group, and m represents a
number from 1 to 4), and R.sup.3O(A.sup.4O).sub.nR.sup.4 (3)
(wherein each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is an alkyl group with a
carbon number from 1 to 8, A.sup.4 is an alkylene group with a
carbon number of 2 or 3, when A.sup.4O is repeated, A.sup.4 may be
the same or different alkylene group, and n represents a number
from 1 to 4).
2. The diesel fuel additive composition according to claim 1,
wherein said component (a) is lauryl diethanolamine.
3. The diesel fuel additive composition according to claim 1,
wherein said component (b) comprises one, or two or more selected
from the group consisting of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether,
diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl
ether and dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether.
4. The diesel fuel additive composition according to claim 1,
wherein said component (c) comprises one, or two or more selected
from the group consisting of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether,
diethylene glycol dibutyl ether and dipropylene glycol dimethyl
ether.
5. The diesel fuel additive composition according to claim 1,
wherein said component (d) comprises one, or two or more selected
from the group consisting of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,4 dioxane
and .gamma.-butyrolactone.
6. The diesel fuel additive composition according to claim 1,
wherein a content ratio of said component (e) to said component (a)
(content (e)/content (a)) is not higher than 0.1.
7. The diesel fuel additive composition according to claim 1,
wherein said diesel fuel additive composition is used by being add
at 0.5 to 2% by weight to diesel fuel.
8. A method of scouring and removing a polymer-substance derived
deposit, a water-soluble deposit and a water-insoluble deposit
adhering to an injector nozzle of a diesel engine equipped with a
common-rail type fuel injector, comprising; adding the diesel fuel
additive composition according to claim 1 at 0.5 to 2% by weight to
diesel fuel.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a diesel fuel additive
composition added to diesel fuel, and a scouring method using the
same.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Recently, from the viewpoint of environmental issues,
reduction in the amount of nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x), particulate
matter (PM), etc. has become a problem. A means to solve this
problem is a diesel engine equipped with a common-rail-type fuel
injection system.
[0003] A common-rail-type fuel injection system accumulates the
fuel pressurized by a fuel injection pump, in a common-rail, which
is an accumulator container, and blows the high-pressure fuel
accumulated in the common-rail into a cylinder through a fuel
injector nozzle.
[0004] The common-rail-type fuel injection system has the problem
that the fuel is exposed to high temperature and high pressure and
consequently various additives in the fuel are denatured, and
therefore, deposits adhere to the injector nozzle.
[0005] In order to use the above injector nozzle adequately, it is
necessary to remove the deposits.
[0006] Thus far, various detergents to remove deposits have been
reported (see Japanese unexamined patent publications No.
2008-81626 and No. 2008-81627).
[0007] Specifically, there are detergents comprising polybutene
amine, polyether amine, etc., as a main component, which are
effective in removing carbon-based deposits.
[0008] Japanese unexamined patent publication No. 2008-81626
describes a detergent composition that can remove water-soluble
deposits made of sodium- or potassium-compounds.
[0009] Japanese unexamined patent publication No. 2008-81627
describes a detergent composition that can remove mixed deposits in
which water-soluble deposits made of sodium- or potassium-compounds
and water-insoluble deposits made of fuel-degraded substance or
additives are mixed.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
[0010] However, in addition to the above-mentioned water-soluble
deposits and water-insoluble deposits, polymer-substance derived
deposits, which are derived from polymer type substances, such as
an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, contained in diesel fuel as a
low-temperature fluidity improving agent may be mixed in the above
deposits.
[0011] In such a case, the detergent compositions described in
Japanese unexamined patent publication No. 2008-81626 or No.
2008-81627 do not have a scouring effect on the polymer-substance
derived deposits.
[0012] If various solvents are used to scour the polymer-substance
derived deposits, separation and swelling of the deposits occur,
and therefore a portion of the fuel piping may become clogged with
the separated and swelled deposits, thus resulting in engine
stall.
[0013] In view of the drawbacks of these prior arts, it is an
object of the present invention to provide a diesel fuel additive
composition that can be stably dispersed in diesel fuel, can remove
polymer-substance derived deposits, water-soluble deposits, and
water-insoluble deposits at once, and does not cause any adverse
effect on an object to be scoured, and a scouring method using the
diesel fuel additive composition.
[0014] According to a first aspect of the invention, there is
provided a diesel fuel additive composition comprising
[0015] (a) polyoxyalkylene alkyl amine represented by Formula (1)
below,
[0016] (b) glycol monoalkyl ether represented by Formula (2)
below,
[0017] (c) glycol dialkyl ether represented by Formula (3)
below,
[0018] (d) a heterocyclic compound, and
[0019] (e) water;
wherein the diesel fuel additive composition contains the component
at 50 to 80% by weight, the component (b) at 5 to 20% by weight,
the component (c) at 5 to 15% by weight, the component (d) at 5 to
15% by weight, and the component (e) at 1 to 5% by weight;
##STR00002##
(wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group with a carbon number
from 8 to 25, each of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 is an alkylene group with
a carbon number from 2 to 4, when A.sup.1O and/or A.sup.2O are
repeated, each of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 may be either the same or
different alkylene group, and k and l respectively represent a
number from 1 to 30),
R.sup.2O(A.sup.3O).sub.mH (2)
(wherein R.sup.2 is an alkyl group with a carbon number from 1 to
8, A.sup.3 is an alkylene group with a carbon number of 2 or 3,
when A.sup.3O is repeated, A.sup.3 may be either the same or
different alkylene group, and m represents a number from 1 to 4),
and
R.sup.3O(A.sup.4O).sub.nR.sup.4 (3)
(wherein each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is an alkyl group with a
carbon number from 1 to 8, A.sup.4 is an alkylene group with a
carbon number of 2 or 3, when A.sup.4O is repeated, A.sup.4 may be
the same or different alkylene group, and n represents a number
from 1 to 4).
[0020] The diesel fuel additive composition of the present
invention is added to diesel fuel to scour deposits adhering on an
injector nozzle of a diesel engine equipped with a common-rail-type
fuel injector.
[0021] The above diesel fuel additive composition is stably
dispersed in the diesel fuel due to the presence of the above
components (a) to (e) at specific ratios, and therefore it is
possible to remove polymer-substance derived deposits,
water-soluble deposits, and water-insoluble deposits at once,
without having any adverse influence on the to-be-scoured
object.
[0022] Stability of the above diesel fuel additive composition in
the diesel fuel can be ensured by above component (a),
polyoxyalkylene alkyl amine. Thus, the above diesel fuel additive
composition can be dispersed stably, when it is added to diesel
fuel.
[0023] Polymer-substance derived deposits and water-insoluble
deposits can be satisfactorily removed due to the presence of the
above component (a), polyoxyalkylene alkyl amine, above component
(b), glycol monoalkyl ether, above component (c), glycol dialkyl
ether, and above component (d), a heterocyclic compound, altogether
in the diesel fuel additive composition.
[0024] Water-soluble deposits can be scoured due to the presence of
above component (e), water.
[0025] Water tends to corrode the to-be-scoured object, but it is
possible to stably disperse the water and to prevent the corrosion
of the to-be-scoured object by restricting the amount of above
component (e) to be contained and also containing above component
(a).
[0026] Thus, the present invention can provide a diesel fuel
additive composition that is stably dispersed in diesel fuel, can
remove polymer-substance derived deposits, water-soluble deposits,
and water-insoluble deposits at once, and does not cause any
adverse effect on the object to be scoured.
[0027] According to a second aspect of the invention, there is
provided a method of scouring and removing a polymer-substance
derived deposit, a water-soluble deposit and a water-insoluble
deposit adhering to an injector nozzle of a diesel engine equipped
with a common-rail type fuel injector, comprising adding the diesel
fuel additive composition according to the first aspect of the
invention at 0.5 to 2% by weight to diesel fuel.
[0028] The scouring method of the present invention is, as
mentioned above, carried out using the diesel fuel additive
composition of the first aspect of the invention. Therefore, the
above diesel fuel additive composition is stably dispersed in the
diesel fuel, and polymer-substance derived deposits, water-soluble
deposits, and water-insoluble deposits are removed at once, without
any adverse effect on the object to be scoured.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The diesel fuel additive composition according to the first
aspect of the invention comprises above components (a), (b), (c),
(d), and (e) as mentioned above.
[0030] In above Formula (1) which has above component (a),
[0031] R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group with a carbon number from
8 to 25.
[0032] For the alkyl group with a carbon number from 8 to 25, for
example, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, a dodecyl
group, a tridecyl group, a tetradecyl group, a hexadecyl group, an
octadecyl group, etc., can be provided. A dodecyl group is
particularly preferable for above R.sup.1.
[0033] In above Formula (1), each of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 represents
an alkylene group with a carbon number from 2 to 4.
[0034] For the alkylene group with a carbon number from 2 to 4, for
example, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group,
etc., can be provided.
[0035] As mentioned above, when A.sup.1O and/or A.sup.2O are
repeated, i.e., when k and/or 1 are from 2 to 30, A.sup.1 and/or
A.sup.2 may be either the same or different alkylene groups.
[0036] For above A.sup.1 and A.sup.2, an ethylene group is
preferable.
[0037] When above A.sup.1 or A.sup.2 is a methylene group,
hydrophilicity is high, thus leading to the possible decrease of
the solubility of the fuel. On the other hand, when above A.sup.1
or A.sup.2 is an alkylene group having a carbon number of 5 or
more, the lipophilicity is high, and thus water may not be stably
dispersed.
[0038] In above Formula (1), each of k and l represents a number
from 1 to 30.
[0039] When above k or l is 31 or more, hydrophilicity is high,
thus leading to the possible decrease of the solubility of the
fuel.
[0040] It is preferable that the value of K+l be from 2 to 4. If
the value of k+l is above 4, hydrophilicity increases, and thus the
solubility of the fuel may be lowered.
[0041] Above component (a) is preferably lauryl diethanolamine.
[0042] In above Formula (2) representing above component (b),
R.sup.2 is an alkyl group with a carbon number from 1 to 8.
[0043] For the alkyl group with a carbon number from 1 to 8, a
methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a
pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, and an octyl group can
be provided.
[0044] If above R.sup.2 is an alkyl group with a carbon number of 9
or more, the solidifying point thereof is high, and accordingly,
the low-temperature fluidity is lowered.
[0045] In above Formula (2), A.sup.3 is an alkylene group with a
carbon number of 2 or 3.
[0046] For the alkylene group with a carbon number of 2 or 3, an
ethylene group, a propylene group, etc., can be provided.
[0047] As mentioned above, when A.sup.3O is repeated, i.e., when m
is from 2 to 4, above A.sup.3 may be either the same or different
alkylene group.
[0048] When above A.sup.3 is a methylene group, the hydrophilicity
is high, thus leading to the possible decrease of the solubility of
the fuel. On the other hand, when above A.sup.3 is an alkylene
group with a carbon number of 4 or more, lipophilicity is high, and
thus water may not be stably dispersed.
[0049] In above Formula (2), m represents a number from 1 to 4.
[0050] If m is 5 or more, hydrophilicity is high, and solubility of
the fuel is possibly reduced.
[0051] Above component (b) is preferably one, or two or more
selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol monoethyl
ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol
monobutyl ether and dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether.
[0052] In above Formula (3) which has above component (c), each of
R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group with a carbon number
from 1 to 8.
[0053] As mentioned above, for the alkyl group with a carbon number
from 1 to 8, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a
butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, and an
octyl group can be provided.
[0054] If above R.sup.3 or R.sup.4 is an alkyl group with a carbon
number of 9 or more, the solidifying point is high, and the
low-temperature fluidity may be reduced.
[0055] In above Formula (3), A.sup.4 is an alkylene group with a
carbon number of 2 or 3.
[0056] For the alkylene group with a carbon number of 2 or 3, an
ethylene group, a propylene group, etc., can be provided.
[0057] As mentioned above, when A.sup.4O is repeated, i.e., when n
is from 2 to 4, the above A.sup.4 may be either the same or
different alkylene group.
[0058] When above A.sup.4 is a methylene group, the hydrophilicity
is high, thus leading to the possible decrease of the solubility of
the fuel. On other hand, when the above A.sup.4 is an alkylene
group with a carbon number of 4 or more, the lipophilicity is high,
and thus water may not be stably dispersed.
[0059] In above Formula (3), n represents a number from 1 to 4.
[0060] When n is 5 or more, the hydrophilicity is high, thus
leading to the possible decrease of the solubility of the fuel.
[0061] Above component (c) is preferably one, or two or more
selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol dimethyl
ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether and dipropylene glycol
dimethyl ether.
[0062] A heterocyclic compound, that is above component (d), is a
compound containing a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom,
etc., as a ring-constructing atom.
[0063] Above component (d) is preferably one, or two or more
selected from the group consisting of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,4
dioxane and .gamma.-butyrolactone.
[0064] Above component (a) is contained at 50 to 80% by weight.
[0065] If the content of the above component (a) is less than 50%
by weight, water may not be dispersed into the fuel stably. On the
other hand, if the content of above component (a) is more than 80%
by weight, the stability of the fuel additive at a low temperature
occurs.
[0066] More preferably, the content of above component (a) is from
60 to 70% by weight.
[0067] Above component (b) is contained at 5 to 20% by weight.
[0068] If the content of the above component (b) is less than 5% by
weight, a sufficient scouring effect is not obtained, and water may
not be stably dispersed. On the other hand, if the content of above
component (b) is more than 20% by weight, polymer derived deposits
among the deposits adhering to the to-be-scoured object become
viscous, and the operability of the injector nozzle may be
reduced.
[0069] More preferably, the content of the above component (b) is
from 10 to 15% by weight.
[0070] Above component (c) is contained at 5 to 15% by weight.
[0071] If the content of above component (c) is less than 5% by
weight, a sufficient scouring effect may not be displayed. On the
other hand, if the content of above component (c) is more than 15%
by weight, polymer derived deposits among the deposits adhering to
the to-be-scoured object become viscous, and the operability of the
injector nozzle may be reduced.
[0072] More preferably, the content of the above component (c) is
from 5 to 10% by weight.
[0073] Above component (d) is contained at 5 to 15% by weight.
[0074] If the content of above component (d) is less than 5% by
weight, a sufficient scouring effect cannot be displayed, and water
may not be stably dispersed. On the other hand, if the content of
above component (d) is more than 15% by weight, polymer derived
deposits among the deposits adhering to the to-be-scoured object
become viscous, and the operability of the injector nozzle may be
reduced.
[0075] More preferably, the content of the above component (d) is
from 5 to 10% by weight.
[0076] Above component (e) is contained at 1 to 5% by weight.
[0077] If the content of above component (e) is less than 1% by
weight, a scouring effect against water-soluble deposit components
may not be displayed. On the other hand, if the content of above
component (e) is more than 5% by weight, an adverse effect may be
exerted on the system using the above object to be scoured, for
example, leading to corrosion of the object to be scoured.
[0078] More preferably, the content of above component (e) is from
2 to 3% by weight.
[0079] It is preferable that the content ratio of above component
(e) to above component (a) (content (e)/content (a)) is not higher
than 0.1.
[0080] With this content ratio, water, which is component (e), can
be stably dispersed.
[0081] If above content (e)/the content (a) is higher than 0.1,
water cannot be stably dispersed, and an adverse effect may be
exerted on the system using the above object to be scoured.
[0082] The diesel fuel additive composition of the present
invention is a concentrated solution to be added to diesel fuel,
and can remain stable by itself.
[0083] It is preferable that the above diesel fuel additive
composition is used by being added at 0.5 to 2% by weight to diesel
fuel.
[0084] With this amount of diesel fuel additive, good detergency
can be obtained.
[0085] If the content of the above fuel additive is less than 0.5%
by weight of diesel fuel, sufficient detergency may not be
obtained. On the other hand, if the content of the above fuel
additive is more than 2% by weight, the water content in the fuel
increases, so that an adverse effect may be exerted on the system
using the above object to be scoured, for example, leading to
corrosion of the object to be scoured.
[0086] More preferably, the content of the above diesel fuel
additive composition to diesel fuel is 1% by weight.
[0087] The above fuel additive can be added to diesel fuel by
pouring it into a fuel tank of a diesel engine, or diesel fuel
blended with the diesel fuel additive composition beforehand may be
used.
[0088] To the diesel fuel additive composition of the present
invention may be added other components (for example, a cetane
number-improving agent such as octyl nitrate and cyclohexyl
nitrate, a cleaning agent such as polyether amine and polybutenyl
amine, a corrosion inhibitor such as aliphatic amine and alkenyl
succinate ester, or an anti-freezing agent such as polyglycol
ether) according to various purposes as far as the mode of
operation and the effect of the above diesel fuel additive
composition are preserved.
[0089] In the scouring method according to the second aspect of the
invention, the scouring is, as described above, carried out by
adding the diesel fuel additive composition according to the first
aspect of the invention at 0.5 to 2% by weight to diesel fuel.
[0090] If the content of the above fuel additive in the diesel fuel
is less than 0.5% by weight, sufficient detergency may not be
obtained. On the other hand, if the content of the above fuel
additive is more than 2% by weight, the water content in the fuel
increases, and an adverse effect may be exerted on the system using
the above object to be scoured, for example, leading to corrosion
of the object to be scoured.
[0091] The above scouring method can be carried out by pouring the
diesel fuel additive composition into a fuel tank of the diesel
engine, to thereby add the diesel fuel additive composition to
diesel fuel, or by using diesel fuel blended with the diesel fuel
additive composition beforehand.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
[0092] This example of the diesel fuel additive composition
according to the present invention is explained below, but the
present invention is not limited thereto.
[0093] In this example, diesel fuel additive compositions as
embodiments of the present invention (Samples E1 to E6), and diesel
fuel additive compositions as comparative examples (Samples C1 to
010) were prepared.
[0094] The diesel fuel additive compositions (Samples E1 to E6) as
the embodiments of the present invention are comprised of (a)
polyoxyalkylene alkyl amine represented by Formula (1) below, (b)
glycol monoalkyl ether represented by Formula (2) below, (c) glycol
dialkyl ether represented by Formula (3) below, (d) a heterocyclic
compound, and (e) water. The compositions contain the component (a)
at 50 to 80% by weight, the component (b) at 5 to 20% by weight,
the component (c) at 5 to 15% by weight, the component (d) at 5 to
15% by weight, and the component (e) at 1 to 5% by weight.
##STR00003##
wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group with a carbon number from
8 to 25, each of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 is an alkylene group with a
carbon number from 2 to 4, when A.sup.1O and/or A.sup.2O are
repeated, each of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 may be either the same or
different alkylene group, and k and l respectively represent a
number from 1 to 30.
R.sup.2O(A.sup.3O).sub.mH (2)
wherein R.sup.2 is an alkyl group with a carbon number from 1 to 8,
A.sup.3 is an alkylene group with a carbon number of 2 or 3, when
A.sup.3O is repeated, A.sup.3 may be either the same or different
alkylene group, and m represents a number from 1 to 4.
R.sup.3O(A.sup.4O).sub.nR.sup.4 (3)
wherein each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is an alkyl group with a carbon
number from 1 to 8, A.sup.4 is an alkylene group with a carbon
number of 2 or 3, when A.sup.4O is repeated, A.sup.4 may be the
same or different alkylene group, and n represents a number from 1
to 4.
[0095] In order to produce the above diesel fuel additive
compositions (Samples E1 to E6, and Samples C1 to C10), components
(a) to (e) as shown in Table 1 were prepared.
[0096] Then, components (a) to (e) shown in Table 1 were blended to
produce diesel fuel additive compositions (Samples E1 to E6, and
Samples C1 to C10) having the compositions shown in Table 2.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 (a) a Polyoxyethylene dodecylamine (b) b1
Diethyleneglycol monomethyl ether b2 Diethyleneglycol monoethyl
ether b3 Diethyleneglycol monobutyl ether b4 Dipropyleneglycol
monomethyl ether b5 Dipropyleneglycol monobutyl ether (c) c1
Diethyleneglycol dibutyl ether c2 Diethyleneglycol dimethyl ether
(d) d N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (e) e Water
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Composition Diesel fuel Component (a)
Component (b) Component (c) Component (d) Component (e) additive
Content Content Content Content Content composition (% by (% by (%
by (% by (% by (Sample No.) Kind weight) Kind weight) Kind weight)
Kind weight) Kind weight) E1 a 69 b1 10 c1 10 d 8 e 3 E2 a 69 b2 10
c1 10 d 8 e 3 E3 a 69 b3 10 c1 10 d 8 e 3 E4 a 69 b5 10 c1 10 d 8 e
3 E5 a 69 b3 10 c2 10 d 8 e 3 E6 a 69 b3 15 c1 5 d 8 e 3 C1 a 78 b3
1 c1 10 d 8 e 3 C2 a 78 b3 10 c1 1 d 8 e 3 C3 a 78 b3 10 c1 10 d 1
e 1 C4 a 54 b3 25 c1 10 d 8 e 3 C5 a 59 b3 10 c1 20 d 8 e 3 C6 a 61
b3 10 c1 10 d 16 e 3 C7 a 72 b3 10 c1 10 d 8 e 0 C8 a 64 b3 10 c1
10 d 8 e 8 C9 a 84 b3 5 c1 5 d 5 e 1 C10 a 45 b3 20 c1 15 d 15 e
5
[0097] Of the obtained diesel fuel additive compositions,
low-temperature fluidity marginal valuation tests were carried out
for Samples E1 to E6, and Sample C9, and their low-temperature
fluidity margins were evaluated.
[0098] In the low-temperature fluidity marginal valuation tests,
the low-temperature fluidity margin was evaluated for each sample
by testing whether the samples were flowable at -5.degree. C. or
not.
[0099] When the sample was flowable at -5.degree. C., the
evaluation is represented by "F", and when the sample was not
flowable at -5.degree. C., the evaluation is represented by
"NF".
[0100] The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Diesel fuel additive composition
Low-temperature fluidity (Sample No.) marginal evaluation E1 F E2 F
E3 F E4 F E5 F E6 F C9 NF
[0101] As can be seen in Table 3, Samples E1 to E6 as the
embodiments of the present invention are superior in terms of the
low-temperature fluidity margin.
[0102] Sample C9 as the comparative example was not flow-movable at
-5.degree. C., since the content of the component (a) was more than
the upper limit defined in the present invention.
[0103] Then, the diesel fuel compositions (Diesel fuel compositions
1 to 17) shown in Table 4 were prepared by blending the respective
diesel fuel additive compositions (Samples E1 to E6, and Samples C1
to C10) at 1% by weight to diesel fuel.
[0104] Diesel fuel composition 7 does not contain any diesel fuel
additive composition, and comprises 100% diesel fuel.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Diesel fuel additive Detergency Stability
Corrosivity Diesel fuel composition Base material composition
evaluation evaluation evaluation Examples of Composition 1
Kerosene, JIS class 2 E1 A G G present Composition 2 Kerosene, JIS
class 2 E2 A G G invention Composition 3 Kerosene, JIS class 2 E3
AA G G Composition 4 Kerosene, JIS class 2 E4 A G G Composition 5
Kerosene, JIS class 2 E5 A G G Composition 6 Kerosene, JIS class 2
E6 AA G G Comparative Composition 7 Kerosene, JIS class 2 -- z -- G
examples Composition 8 Kerosene, JIS class 2 C1 x u G Composition 9
Kerosene, JIS class 2 C2 x G G Composition 10 Kerosene, JIS class 2
C3 x u G Composition 11 Kerosene, JIS class 2 C4 y G G Composition
12 Kerosene, JIS class 2 C5 y G G Composition 13 Kerosene, JIS
class 2 C6 y G G Composition 14 Kerosene, JIS class 2 C7 x G G
Composition 15 Kerosene, JIS class 2 C8 z u u Composition 16
Kerosene, JIS class 2 C9 A G G Composition 17 Kerosene, JIS class 2
C10 AA u u
[0105] Subsequently, evaluations for detergency, stability, and
corrosivity were carried out for the obtained diesel fuel
compositions (Diesel fuel compositions 1 to 17).
[0106] The results are shown in Table 4.
<Detergency>
[0107] To evaluate detergency, the needle part to which deposits (a
mixture of polymer-substance derived deposits, water-soluble
deposits, and water-insoluble deposits) adhered was removed from
the injector of a vehicle equipped with a fuel injecting system.
The needle part was then immersed in the individual diesel fuel
compositions (Diesel fuel compositions 1 to 17) for 24 hrs, and the
extent to which the deposits were removed was evaluated
visually.
(Evaluation Criteria)
[0108] AA: Almost all of the deposits were removed.
[0109] A: Most of deposits were removed.
[0110] x: The amount of the removed deposits was small.
[0111] y: The deposits were viscous.
[0112] z: The deposits were barely removed.
It is assumed that the evaluations represented by AA or A were good
and acceptable, and the evaluations represented by x, y, or z were
bad and unacceptable.
<Stability>
[0113] Stability was evaluated by visually observing the
dispersability of the diesel fuel additive compositions, when the
above diesel fuel additive compositions (Samples E1 to E6, and
Samples C1 to C10) were added to diesel fuel.
[0114] It is assumed that the samples in which no water separation
was recognized were good and acceptable (evaluated as G), and the
samples in which water separation was recognized were bad and
unacceptable (evaluated as u).
<Corrosivity>
[0115] To evaluate corrosivity, filter papers were laid on Petri
dishes 6 cm in diameter, and 5 g of swarf of ground cast iron
(FC200) was set on the filter papers. The above diesel fuel
compositions (Diesel fuel compositions 1 to 17) were introduced in
the Petri dishes, followed by a 10 minute immersion of the cast
iron swarf therein, and then the test solutions were removed by
decantation. Subsequently, the subjects were stored in a container
at 20.degree. C. at 60% humidity. The state of rust formed on the
ground cast iron swarf was observed to evaluate the
corrosivity.
[0116] It is assumed that cases in which no rust was recognized
were good and acceptable (evaluated as G), and cases in which the
formation of rust was recognized were bad and unacceptable
(evaluated as u).
[0117] As can be seen in Table 4, Diesel fuel compositions 1 to 6
as the embodiments of the present invention showed a good
detergency.
[0118] As may be understood from the foregoing, the present
invention can provide a diesel fuel additive composition that is
stably dispersed in diesel fuel, removes polymer-substance derived
deposits, water-soluble deposits, and water-insoluble deposits at
once, and does not cause any adverse effect on the object to be
scoured.
[0119] It was found in Table 4 that Diesel fuel composition 7 as a
comparative example, which did not contain a diesel fuel additive
composition, was bad and unacceptable in terms of detergency.
[0120] Diesel fuel composition 8 as a comparative example, which
used Sample C1 of which the content of the component (b) is below
the lower limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel
additive composition, was bad and unacceptable in terms of
detergency and stability.
[0121] Diesel fuel composition 9 as a comparative example, which
used Sample C2 of which the content of the component (c) is below
the lower limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel
additive composition, was bad and unacceptable in terms of
detergency.
[0122] Diesel fuel composition 10 as a comparative example, which
used Sample C3 of which the content of the component (d) is below
the lower limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel
additive composition was bad and unacceptable in terms of
detergency and stability.
[0123] Diesel fuel composition 11 as a comparative example, which
used Sample C4 having the content of the component (b) above the
upper limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel
additive composition so that polymer-substance derived deposits
were rendered viscous, was bad and unacceptable in terms of
detergency.
[0124] Diesel fuel composition 12 as a comparative example, which
used Sample C5 having the content of the component (c) above the
upper limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel
additive composition so that polymer-substance derived deposits
were rendered viscous, was bad and unacceptable in terms of
detergency.
[0125] Diesel fuel composition 13 as a comparative example, which
used Sample C6 having the content of the component (d) above the
upper limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel
additive composition so that polymer-substance derived deposits
were rendered viscous, was bad and unacceptable in terms of
detergency.
[0126] Diesel fuel composition 14 as a comparative example, which
used Sample C7 of which the content of the component (e) is below
the lower limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel
additive composition, was bad and unacceptable in terms of
detergency.
[0127] Diesel fuel composition 15 as a comparative example, which
used Sample C8 of which the content of the component (e) is above
the upper limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel
additive composition, was bad and unacceptable in terms of
detergency, stability, and corrosivity.
[0128] Diesel fuel composition 16 as a comparative example gave
good results in terms of detergency, stability, and corrosivity
though it used Sample C9 which had the content of the component (a)
above the upper limit defined in the present invention as a diesel
fuel additive composition, and which was accordingly considered
unacceptable in terms of the low-temperature fluidity margin as
mentioned above, because the contents of the other detergent
components in Diesel fuel composition 16 were within the ranges
defined in the present invention.
[0129] Diesel fuel composition 17 as a comparative example was bad
and unacceptable in terms of stability and corrosivity, for it used
Sample C10 having the content of the component (a) below the lower
limit defined in the present invention as a diesel fuel additive
composition.
* * * * *