U.S. patent application number 12/565239 was filed with the patent office on 2010-02-11 for motion induced electrical generator.
Invention is credited to Frank Adkins, Richard D. Begley, Donald Warren Osborne, Anthony Szwilski.
Application Number | 20100032946 12/565239 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 39274460 |
Filed Date | 2010-02-11 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100032946 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Begley; Richard D. ; et
al. |
February 11, 2010 |
Motion Induced Electrical Generator
Abstract
A motion induced generator is mounted to a vehicle or conveyance
to harness the oscillatory motion generated during travel of the
vehicle or conveyance, and may be coupled to at least one device or
system, such as an external rail car lighting system, a global
positioning device, a diagnostic device, or a combination thereof.
Once the motion of the vehicle is harnessed and translated into
usable and/or storable energy, the current or voltage is
transmitted directly to the units for immediate consumption or for
storage in a battery, capacitor, or a combination thereof.
Inventors: |
Begley; Richard D.;
(Huntington, WV) ; Adkins; Frank; (Williamsburg,
WV) ; Osborne; Donald Warren; (Crawley, WV) ;
Szwilski; Anthony; (Lexington, KY) |
Correspondence
Address: |
ROBERT R. WATERS, ESQ.;WATERS LAW OFFICE, PLLC
633 SEVENTH STREET
HUNTINGTON
WV
25701
US
|
Family ID: |
39274460 |
Appl. No.: |
12/565239 |
Filed: |
September 23, 2009 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
11867889 |
Oct 5, 2007 |
7629700 |
|
|
12565239 |
|
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|
|
60828364 |
Oct 5, 2006 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
290/3 ;
290/1R |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02K 35/02 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
290/3 ;
290/1.R |
International
Class: |
B61D 43/00 20060101
B61D043/00; F03G 3/00 20060101 F03G003/00 |
Claims
1. An electric generator mounted on a vehicle comprising: a frame
pivotally attached to said vehicle at a pivot point such that said
frame hangs in the fashion of a pendulum; wherein said frame
includes a plurality of support arms with each of said plurality of
support arms located at a different radius from said pivot point;
wherein each of said plurality of support arms includes at least
one magnet disposed upon said support arms; said generator further
comprising a plurality of rows of electrical coils mounted on said
vehicle such that each row of coils consists of one or more coils
mounted upon said vehicle and such that each row of electrical
coils is disposed at a fixed radius from said pivot point; wherein
movement by said vehicle produces an oscillatory movement of said
frame such that said rows of magnets are urged into electromagnetic
communication with said rows of coils thereby generating
alternating current in said coils; and a rectifying circuit
operatively coupled to said coils such that said circuit converts
the alternating current to direct current.
2. The generator of claim 1, wherein the rectifying circuit is
operatively coupled to an electrical device, providing power to
operate said electrical device.
3. The generator of claim 1, wherein the rectifying circuit is
operatively coupled to an energy storage device.
4. The generator of claim 1 further comprising means for inhibiting
excessive range of bi-directional motion of said frame.
5. The generator of claim 1, wherein said frame comprises a
wedge-shaped perimeter.
6. The generator of claim 1, wherein said vehicle is a rail based
vehicle such as a train car, subway car or gondola.
7. The generator of claim 2 wherein said electrical device is a
global positioning system or a tracking system.
8. The generator of claim 1 wherein said generator is further
comprised such that said frame is coupled to said vehicle via a
means for providing bidirectional motion to the movement of said
frame with respect to said vehicle.
9. The generator of claim 8 wherein said means for providing
bi-directional motion is either a spring, hinge, bearing or elastic
member.
10. An electric generator mounted on a vehicle comprising: a frame
pivotally attached to said vehicle at a pivot point such that said
frame hangs in the fashion of a pendulum; wherein said frame
includes a plurality of support arms with each of said plurality of
support arms located at a different radius from said pivot point;
wherein each of said plurality of support arms includes at least
one electrical coil disposed upon said support arms; said generator
further includes a plurality of rows of magnets mounted on said
vehicle such that each row of magnets consists of one or more
magnets mounted upon said vehicle and such that each row of magnets
is disposed at a fixed radius from said pivot point; wherein
movement by said vehicle produces an oscillatory movement of said
frame such that said rows of electrical coils are urged into
electromagnetic communication with said rows of magnets thereby
generating alternating current in said coils; and a rectifying
circuit operatively coupled to said coils such that said circuit
converts the alternating current to direct current.
11. The generator of claim 10, wherein the rectifying circuit is
operatively coupled to an electrical device, providing power to
operate said electrical device.
12. The generator of Claim 10, wherein the rectifying circuit is
operatively coupled to an energy storage device.
13. The generator of claim 10 further comprising means for
inhibiting excessive range of bi-directional motion of said
frame.
14. The generator of claim 10, wherein said frame comprises a
wedge-shaped perimeter.
15. The generator of claim 10, wherein said vehicle is a rail based
vehicle such as a train car, subway car or gondola.
16. The generator of claim 11 wherein said electrical device is a
global positioning system or a tracking system.
17. The generator of claim 10 wherein said generator is further
comprised such that said frame is coupled to said vehicle via a
means for providing bidirectional motion to the movement of said
frame with respect to said vehicle.
18. The generator of claim 17 wherein said means for providing
bi-directional motion is either a spring, hinge, bearing or elastic
member.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 11/867,889 filed on Oct. 5, 2007, which in
turn claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.
60/828,364, filed on Oct. 5, 2006.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
[0002] The United States government has a paid-up license in this
invention and the right in limited circumstances to require the
patent owner to license others on reasonable terms as provided for
by the terms of contract and regulations of the FRA Agency Award
#DTFR53-05-6-00319.
FIELD OF INVENTION
[0003] This application discloses embodiments and claims generally
related to a generator coupled to a vehicle or conveyance for
converting or translating oscillatory motion of the vehicle or
conveyance into useable and/or storable energy. More particularly,
the generator is a unit coupled or mounted to the vehicle or
conveyance that is further coupled to attendant devices requiring
electrical power to operate, wherein the oscillatory motion of the
vehicle or conveyance is converted or translated into voltage or
current for immediate consumption or storage.
BACKGROUND
[0004] At present, the inventors are unaware of any commercial
device, apparatus, or combination of devices and/or apparatuses,
that may be coupled to a vehicle or conveyance to harness the
oscillatory motion generated as a vehicle or conveyance travels
along a route. The disclosure provided describes various
embodiments utilized to harness said energy in keeping with the
general principles of physics and with the principles involved in
generating electricity from magnet and coil interaction, including
size of the respective components, and the velocity at which a
magnet travels through a coil (or conversely, a coil travels along
a magnet). In particular, it is desirable that such a device or
apparatus is available to harness otherwise wasted motion and
energy, especially for supplying electrical energy to electronic
devices, such as lighting systems, tracking devices, diagnostic
equipment, other apparatuses, or combinations thereof. Such a
device would reduce the need for the placement of batteries, and
the monitoring and maintenance of the batteries during operation.
Further, a specific need has been expressed for an electricity
generating device utilizing such motion, wherein the device has a
life span of at least several years, that the device is easily
installed and has low maintenance, and that the physical dimensions
of the device are such that the device does not interfere with
normal operations and/or aesthetically unappealing. Thus, a need
has been expressed, and as of yet, is unfilled by the present art.
The present disclosure provides several embodiments for fulfilling
such a need, describing a generator that converts or translate
these various vehicle motions into usable or storable energy.
SUMMARY
[0005] In accordance with one embodiment of the general disclosure
provided herein, a generator is mounted to a vehicle or conveyance
to harness the oscillatory motion generated during travel of the
vehicle or conveyance, and may be coupled to at least one device or
system, such as an external rail car lighting system, a global
positioning device, a diagnostic device, or a combination thereof.
Once the motion of the vehicle is harnessed and translated into
usable and/or storable energy, the current or voltage is
transmitted directly to the units for immediate consumption or for
storage in a battery, capacitor, or a combination thereof. As such,
the present disclosure provides an explanation for a novel device
providing a practical and economical commercial solution to the
needs of at least one industry, and includes broader application to
other forms of transportation and/or areas in which motion is
generally unharnessed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle, depicted as at
least one rail car, having a generator mounted at the front or rear
of the car, and further coupled with at least one device that
consumes electricity;
[0007] FIG. 2 is a front view of another vehicle or conveyance,
depicted as a ship, having a generator mounted at the front or rear
of the ship, and further coupled with at least one device that
consumes electricity;
[0008] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one surface, depicted as a
railroad track, with the visual representation of the at least
three forms of motion harnessed by the generator, especially along
the X-X axis, the Y-Y axis and the Z-Z axis;
[0009] FIG. 4 is a front view of one embodiment of the generator
comprising an arm that swings or moves bi-directionally and urges
the communication of magnet(s) and coils(s) to generate current or
voltage;
[0010] FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
[0011] FIG. 6 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG.
4;
[0012] FIG. 7 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG. 4
and FIG. 6;
[0013] FIG. 8 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG. 4,
FIG. 6 and FIG. 7;
[0014] FIG. 9 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG. 4,
FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in which the generator has two arms
arranged at approximately 180 degrees from one another, and being a
mirror image thereof;
[0015] FIG. 10 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG.
4, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, in which the generator has
multiple rows of magnets and/or coils;
[0016] FIG. 11 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG.
4, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, in which the
generator has a spring arm;
[0017] FIG. 12 is a side view of FIG. 11;
[0018] FIG. 13 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG.
4, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11;
[0019] FIG. 14 is a front view of a generator embodiment utilizing
fluid as a means for effecting motion of a magnet(s) and coil(s),
and having an arm with floats, the arm coupled with a connecting
rod that urges the movement of the magnet(s) through the
coil(s);
[0020] FIG. 15 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG.
14, the generator having an arm communicating with a pair of tubes
upstanding from the arm, the tubes communicating and engaging the
coils positioned at the top of the enclosure and aligned with the
tubes;
[0021] FIG. 16 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG.
14 and FIG. 15, the generator having an arm with floats and a gear
rack and lever arm for urging the magnet(s) through the
coil(s);
[0022] FIG. 17 is a front view of the gear rack and lever arm
assembly;
[0023] FIG. 18 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of FIG.
14, FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the generator having an arm with floats,
the arm urging a pair of cantilever modules that then urges the
magnet(s) through the coil(s);
[0024] FIG. 19 is a front view of the cantilever modules
communicating with the magnet(s) and coil(s); and
[0025] FIG. 20 is a top view of a single magnet and the magnetic
lines of flux generally generated and a twin magnet orientation
with like poles adjacently placed and the influence on the magnetic
lines of flux, including an increase in the number and the angular
orientation of the lines relative to the wires of the coil(s).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT(S)
[0026] The detailed description below is for several embodiments
and is intended to provide an example or examples of some of the
elements and features that are envisioned. It is to be understood
that a variety of other arrangements, including combinations and
sub-combinations of one or more individual embodiments, are also
possible without materially departing from the description and
claims as presented herein.
[0027] Referring now to FIG. 1 through FIG. 3, a generator 10 is
envisioned as being coupled to or mounted upon a motor vehicle, a
rail car or cars, ship or other form of conveyance, generally
denoted as "V", so as to capture the motion of the vehicle along
three axes X-X, Y-Y and Z-Z, respectively (hereinafter these types
of motion are generally referred to as "oscillatory motion" and
depicted in FIG. 3) as the vehicle travels along a path, and then
convert or translate these motions into voltage or electrical
current for use or storage. The voltage or electrical current may
then be stored in a battery or capacitor, or transmitted for
consumption by a device(s) 1000 coupled to the generator 10 unit.
With reference to FIG. 3, the axes represent at least three general
directions of motion considered for translation by the generator
10. Axis X-X represents a path or direction perpendicular to the to
the direction of the surface "S" used by the vehicle "V". The
motion generally associated with this axis is a side-to-side
motion. Axis Y-Y represents a path or direction parallel to the
direction of the surface "S". The motion generally associated with
this axis is a forward-to-rear motion. Axis Z-Z represents a path
or direction perpendicular to the plane of the surface "S". The
motion generally associated with this axis is an up-and-down
motion. Other directions, and thus, other axes may also come into
consideration, especially variances between the three general axes
described above.
[0028] It is envisioned that the device 1000 may include a variety
of specific devices, and combination(s) of devices, including a
global positioning device 1002, a combination positioning device
and tracking system 1004, a diagnostic device 1006, a light
emitting device 1008 and several other attendant devices that may
be coupled to the generator 10 to receive the converted voltage or
electrical current. The light emitting device 1008 may have
different lighting elements, including incandescent bulbs, light
emitting ceramic devices, light emitting diodes, a liquid crystal
display, fluorescent bulbs, and other similar light emitting
elements. It is further envisioned that the device(s) 1000 may be
coupled to any of the general embodiments disclosed below, thereby
utilizing the energy converted from the oscillatory motion of the
vehicle(s).
[0029] Referring now to the figures, the generator 10 comprises an
enclosure 12 that houses components of the generator 10. The
enclosure 12 may include an arm 14 housed and/or coupled within the
enclosure 12. The arm 14 may be housed within the enclosure in a
manner that permits free movement of the arm 14 in response to
motion, and further in response to solids or fluids within the
enclosure 12 influencing the movement of the arm 14 (see FIG. 14
through FIG. 20 and General Embodiments E through H). It is
envisioned that the arm 14 may comprise a variety of embodiments,
including but not limited to the descriptions subsequently
described. The arm 14 may be coupled within the enclosure 12 via
means 16, such as a hinge, bearing, spring or other suitable
object, that permits the coupled swing arm 14 to move and/or swing
with bi-directional motion. The arm 14 is configured and oriented
so that at least one magnet 18 or at least one coil 20 is
positioned at one end 14a of the arm 14, or so that the arm 14
urges at least one magnet 18 and at least one coil 20 to
communicate with one another in response to the motion of the
vehicle. In the embodiments relative to FIG. 4 through FIG. 8 and
FIG. 10 through FIG. 13, means 16 is positioned opposite to the one
end 14a, such as at an opposing end 14b or subjacent to and
positioned along an imaginary line or axis (A-A) extending from the
opposing end 14b. At least one magnet 18 or at least one coil 20 is
positioned so as to pass through at least one coil 20 or at least
one magnet 18, respectively, thereby allowing the magnet 18 and the
coil 20 to communicate and generate a voltage or current that may
be directed to a diode, a capacitor, a battery or for supplying a
specific device that uses electrical current and power. Thus, if at
least one magnet 18 is positioned on the arm 14, then a
corresponding coil or coils 20 is/are positioned in a manner for
the magnet 18 to pass through. Conversely, if at least one coil 20
is positioned on the arm 14, then a corresponding magnet or magnets
18 is/are positioned in a manner for the coil(s) 20 to envelope as
the arm 14 moves or swings.
[0030] It is envisioned that a variety of magnet types and sizes
may be used in combination with a variety of coil types and sizes,
with the expectation that the relative sizes of the magnets and the
coils are such that the communication between magnet and coil is
easily facilitated and maximizes the voltage or current generated
thereby. For instance, it is envisioned that the magnets may be
superior strength pressure formed ring magnets, superior strength
rare earth magnets (encased in a tube), or other similarly formed
magnets. It is also envisioned that the coils may be of variations
of NEMA MW wire coils from 2,000+ turns, 5100+ turns, 8000+ turns,
or variations above and beyond the range given. For instance, it
has been observed that 2000+ turn NEMA MW 28 max-C AWG wire coils
was used, 5100+ turn NEMA MW wire coil was used, and 8000+ turn
NEMA MW 30 max-C AWG wire coil was used. However, the generator 10
is not limited to these particular specifications, as all suitable
specifications are contemplated for use within the enclosure
described below for generating a voltage or current of sufficient
strength for consumption or storage.
[0031] The enclosure 12 may have a variety of forms or shapes,
including the box-like structure depicted in FIG. 1 through FIG.
10, respectively. Other forms or shapes contemplated include a disc
or a triangle, among others. The enclosure 12 may include a
compartment 22 housing the electrical components necessary for
translating the oscillatory motion of the vehicle and transmitting
the resulting voltage or current into storable and/or usable energy
for work. The coils 20 are coupled in parallel to a rectifying
circuit, which generally includes the electrical coupling of the
coils to a diode, which then converts the alternating current
generated by the magnet and coil interaction into direct current.
The diode is electrically coupled to a capacitor, which is
electrically coupled to a battery. The direct current is
transmitted through the electrical coupling to the capacitor and
the battery for storage. The enclosure 12 may also include at least
one ann stop 24 (two arm stops are depicted in the figures) to
inhibit the arm 14 from moving beyond a defined parameter or path,
and in particular, to inhibit the magnet(s) 18 from moving out of
communication with the coil(s) 20. Another alternative for
inhibiting the arm 14 movement includes the placement of a spring
26 at means 16. It is also envisioned that the arm stop(s) 24 and a
spring 26 may be utilized as a combination to inhibit such
excessive path movement of the arm 14.
[0032] The arm 14 may assume a variety of forms or shapes and
operate in several ways to effectively moving the magnet(s) 18
through the coil(s) 20 to generate voltage or current. In general,
and applicable to the present embodiments envisioned and disclosed
below, the arm 14 comprises an end 14a and an opposing end 14b. End
14a is adjacent to the positioning of the magnet(s) 18 and the
coil(s) 20. End 14b is adjacent the positioning of means 16 (hinge,
bearing, spring or other device) so as to provide the arm 14 a
point of reference for swinging or pivoting. It is envisioned that
the orientation of the arm 14 maybe varied, and in particular, is
depicted in the figures with end 14a vertically inferior (or
subjacent) to end 14b so that end 14b assumes the vertically
superior (uppermost) position within the enclosure 12, with end 14b
functioning as a pivot point about which the arm 14 may move in a
pendulum-type motion.
[0033] It is envisioned that each vehicle may have at least one
generator 10 unit, with each generator 10 unit optionally coupled
to an attendant device(s) 1000. Thus, as the vehicle generates
oscillatory motion, the arm 14 within a particular generator 10
unit may move or swing in response thereto. It is envisioned that
the oscillatory motion of the vehicle will cause the swing arm 14
to move in a bi-directional and/or linear (or approximately linear)
motion so that magnet(s) 18 and coil(s) 20 engage and communicate,
thereby generating voltage or electrical current for immediate
consumption or storage.
General Embodiment A
[0034] In one embodiment, depicted in FIG. 4, the arm 14 is
predominantly uniform and has a wedge-like shape (if looking at the
arm 14 from the front or rear). At end 14b, the arm 14 may have a
segment 14e having an aperture or hole through which the arm 14 may
be coupled to the enclosure 12 or an element within the enclosure
12. Adjacent to the end 14a, a slot 14c is formed in the arm 14 to
accommodate the radius of the coil(s) 20 as the arm 14 moves the
magnet(s) 18 through the coil(s) 20 (or conversely, moving the
coil(s) 20 passed the magnet(s) 18). Disposed between the end 14a
and the slot 14c is a portion or section 14d integral to the arm
14, the portion or section 14d supporting the magnet(s) 18 that are
placed thereon. The magnet(s) 18 is/are positioned on the portion
or section 14d so that balance is achieved relative to the arm 14.
It is envisioned that portion or section 14d may be a continuous
element traversing the margins of the arm 14 (as depicted in FIG.
4). It is also envisioned that portion or section 14d may have a
space or void 14f formed between the portions or sections 14d, with
the magnet(s) 18 or coil(s) 20 positioned at the ends of the
respective portion(s) or section(s) 14d (see FIG. 6 for one
example).
[0035] In another embodiment, and as depicted in FIG. 6, the arm 14
has an inverted V-shape (or, to state another way, an A-shape
without the horizontal line or brace that is inherent in an "A")
such that the point of the "V" approximates the position of means
16 (hinge, bearing and/or spring), which may correspond to end 14b
and which may have a segment 14e having an aperture or hole through
which the arm 14 may be coupled to the enclosure 12. The inward
facing serifs of the "V" approximate the position and formation of
the portion or section 14d that support the magnet(s) 18 thereon.
The magnet(s) 18 is/are positioned on the portion or section 14d so
that balance is achieved relative to the arm 14. It is envisioned
that portion or section 14d may be a continuous element traversing
the margins of the arm 14 (as depicted in FIG. 4). It is also
envisioned that portion or section 14d may have a space or void 14f
formed between the portions or sections 14d, with the magnet(s) 18
positioned at the ends of the respective portion(s) or section(s)
14d (see FIG. 6). In this embodiment, the slot 14c (described
above) is not necessary, as the swing arm 14 includes space between
the arm 14 margins through which the radius of the coil(s) 20 may
pass unimpeded.
[0036] In another embodiment, and as depicted in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8,
the arm 14 has an A-shape such that the point of the "A"
approximates the position of means 16 (hinge, bearing and/or
spring), which may correspond to end 14b and which may have a
segment 14e having an aperture or hole through which the arm 14 may
be coupled to the enclosure 12. The inward facing serifs of the "A"
approximate the position and formation of the portion or section
14d that support the magnet(s) 18 thereon. The magnet(s) 18 is/are
positioned on the portion or section 14d so that balance is
achieved relative to the arm 14. A horizontal brace 14g of the
A-shaped arm 14 provides additional stability, rigidity and
durability to the arm 14. It is envisioned that portion or section
14d may be a continuous element traversing the margins of the arm
14 (as depicted in FIG. 8). It is also envisioned that portion or
section 14d may have a space or void 14f formed between the
portions or sections 14d, with the magnet(s) 18 positioned at the
ends of the respective portion(s) or section(s) 14d (see FIG. 7).
In this embodiment, the slot 14c (described above) is not
necessary, as the arm 14 includes the space between the arm 14
margins through which the radius of the coil(s) 20 may pass
unimpeded.
[0037] In another embodiment, and referring now to FIG. 9, the
generator 10 may comprise at least two arms 14' and 14'' aligned
approximately 180 degrees. It is envisioned that the two arms 14'
and 14'' are mirror images of one another, although it is also
envisioned that the two arms 14' and 14'' may be a combination of
one embodiment described above with a different embodiment also
described above (including the mix of a wedge-like shape with an
A-shape or V-shape and all the combinations possible from these
embodiments). The arms 14' and 14'' would share means 16 (hinge,
bearing, other), with each arm 14' and 14'' moving in complementary
motion to the other. In other words, as one of the arms 14' or 14''
moved in response to the oscillatory motion of the vehicle, then
the other arm 14' or 14'' would move in the opposite direction, and
thus, the arms 14' and 14'' would maintain an approximate 180
degree separation.
[0038] It is envisioned that the use of a wedge-like shape, an
A-shape, or a V-shape, or combinations of the various forms, which
may be generally described as an arm having a triangular perimeter,
provides balance and stability to the arm, and aids the inhibition
of excessive movement outside of the bi-directional motion
desired.
[0039] It is envisioned that a number of materials may be used in
the construction of the arm(s) 14, or 14' and 14'', respectively,
including the use of metal, plastics, and other suitable material.
It is appreciated that the use of certain metals would alter the
characteristics of the magnetic field and voltage or current
induced by the communication of the magnet(s) 18 and coil(s) 20,
and the choice of metals for construction would be decided
accordingly. In one embodiment, it is envisioned that the arm(s)
14, or 14'and 14'', respectively, may be formed of a high impact
polycarbonate material so as to lessen the weight of the generator
apparatus in general, to reduce the costs of manufacture in both
material costs and in time devoted to manufacturing the arm(s) 14,
or 14' and 14'', respectively, and to reduce or eliminate the
potential for interference between the material used in the arm(s)
14, or 14' and 14'', respectively, and the magnetic field(s)
induced relative to magnet(s) 18 and coil(s) 20.
[0040] Means 16 may have a variety of forms or shapes and may
include a number of apparatuses or devices that accomplish similar
objects, including the ability to swing an element about a point.
In one embodiment, means 16 may include a hinge or hinges 16a that
are inserted through the aperture or hole formed in segment 14e of
the ann 14 (or arms 14' and 14''). The hinge may couple the arm 14
(or arms 14' and 14'') to an element within the enclosure 12 or to
the enclosure 12 in particular. Likewise, means 16 may include a
bearing or bearings 16b utilized to achieve a free swing or
bi-directional motion. For instance, and as an example of one
envisioned embodiment depicted in FIG. 5, means 16 is a free ball
flange bearing of a high grade and of a quality and type that is
considered maintenance free. A metal shaft is intermediately
disposed between the bearings and the aperture formed in segment
14e of the arm 14. As the arm 14 moves bi-directionally in response
to the oscillatory movement of the vehicle, the shaft may move with
the arm 14 or may be stationary and allow the arm 14 to move about
the shaft. It is also envisioned that a spring(s) may be used in
place of a hinge(s) or bearing(s), such that the spring(s) would
have a torque about its length for returning the arm 14 back toward
a normal position when the oscillatory motion of the vehicle is not
urging the arm 14 directly. It is envisioned that other similar
apparatuses or devices may be substituted to achieve similar
results.
[0041] It is also envisioned that the enclosure 12 may include at
least one stop 24. The stop(s) 24 inhibits the arm 14 from moving
beyond a defined parameter, and in particular, to inhibit the
magnet(s) 18 from moving out of communication with the coil(s) 20.
As depicted in FIG. 4, the stop(s) 24 is an element that projects
from within the enclosure 12, and may project from the enclosure 12
or from an element within the enclosure 12. The stop(s) 24 may
assume many forms or shapes, and may be constructed from a variety
of materials. In particular, the stop(s) 24 may assume the form of
a post or other similar configuration sufficient to inhibit the
motion of the arm 14. It is further envisioned that the stop(s) 24
may include a cushion or pad coupled to the surface facing and
adjacent to the margin(s) of the arm 14 (or arms 14' and 14'' if
applicable).
[0042] In particular, and as depicted in FIG. 4, the generator 10
comprises an enclosure 12 having a arm 14 positioned therein. The
arm 14 is a integral unit having a wedge-like shape or form. The
arm 14 is coupled to or within the enclosure 12 via means 16,
depicted as a free ball flange bearing and a shaft coupled
therewith and communicating with the end 14b and through segment
14e. At the opposing end 14a, a slot 14c is formed to accommodate
the radius of the coil(s) 20 as the magnet(s) 18 are move through
the center of the coil(s) 20. Subjacent to the slot 14c is the
portion or section 14d that supports the magnet(s) 18 thereon. The
coil(s) 20 is/are mounted to or within the enclosure and oriented
so that the central opening within the coil(s) 20 is/are concentric
about an imaginary horizontal axis (B-B). The enclosure 12 includes
a compartment 22 for housing the electronic components associated
with the generator 10. The electronic components are operatively
coupled to a diode, a capacitor, a battery and/or directly to an
apparatus or device for use in utilizing the voltage or current
generated by the magnet(s) 18 and coil(s) 20 as the magnet(s) 18
and coil(s) 20 communicate with one another. The enclosure 12 also
includes a pair of stops 24 for inhibiting the range of swing and
bidirectional motion of the arm 14. Each stop 24 is positioned
outwardly adjacent the respective outward margins of the arm 14
(and for reference, the margins are referenced as 14m).
General Embodiment B
[0043] Related to General Embodiment A and the disclosure regarding
the arm 14 having a wedge-like form, and referring now to FIG. 10,
a generator 10 having an elongated or extended swing arm 140 is
disclosed in accordance with another embodiment of the present
invention. The generator 10 has an enclosure 12 having the same
elements, structures and alternatives as described above in General
Embodiment A, thereby incorporating by reference the description of
General Embodiment A as to the pertinent and applicable elements
and structures required by General Embodiment B, but utilizing an
alternative arm 140 having multiple rows of magnets 180 and coils
200 utilized for the generation of voltage or current.
[0044] Thus, the arm 140 is predominantly uniform and has a
wedge-like shape with opposing ends 140a and 140b. At end 140b, the
arm 140 may have a segment 140e having an aperture or hole through
which the arm 140 may be coupled to the enclosure 12 via means 16.
Adjacent to the end 140a, an slot 140c is formed in the arm 140 to
accommodate the radius of the coil(s) 200 as the arm 140 moves the
magnet(s) 180 through the coil(s) 200 (or conversely, moving the
coil(s) 200 passed the magnet(s) 180). Disposed between the end
140a and the slot 140c is a portion or section 140d integral to the
arm 140, the portion or section 140d supporting the magnet(s) 180
placed thereon. The magnet(s) 180 is/are positioned on the portion
or section 140d so that balance is achieved relative to the arm
140. It is envisioned that portion or section 140d may be a
continuous element traversing the margins (140m) of the arm 140 (as
depicted in FIG. 7). It is also envisioned that portion or section
140d may have a space or void 140f formed between the portions or
sections 140d, with the magnet(s) 180 or the coil(s) 200 positioned
at the ends of the respective portion(s) or section(s) 140d. It is
also envisioned that the present embodiment may include at least
one or multiple stops 24 for use in controlling the range of
bi-directional motion of the arm 140, as explained above in General
Embodiment A. It is also envisioned that the arm 140 may include a
ballast weight 26 at the end 140a, in which the ballast weight 26
is used for storing and releasing energy to perpetuate the pendulum
motion.
[0045] In this embodiment, the arm 140 has an extended length to
accommodate the plurality of rows 142, which for simplicity has
been limited to three rows 142a, 142b and 143c, respectively, of
magnets 180 and coils 200. It is envisioned that each row may have
at least one magnet 180 and at least one coil 200, and as described
previously, the magnet(s) 180 or the coil(s) 200 may be placed on
the portion or section 140d of the swing arm and thus corresponding
to the magnet(s) 180 or coil(s) 200 mounted within the enclosure
12. As depicted in FIG. 7, each row 142a, 142b and 142c has at
least one magnet 180 mounted to and supported by the portion or
section 140d of the arm 140. And, corresponding to each row and the
magnet(s) 180 mounted within that row, at least one coil 200 is
mounted within the enclosure 12 to correspond with the magnet(s)
180.
[0046] More particularly, each row 142a, 142b and 142c has an
increasing number of magnets 180 and coils 200. As depicted, the
first row 142a is configured so that two magnets 180 are mounted on
the portion or section 140d and so that three coils 200 are mounted
within the enclosure 12. The second row 142b is configured so that
there are two sets 144a and 144b of magnets 180 and coils 200, and
particularly configured so that one set 144a includes two magnets
180 and three coils 200 and an adjacently spaced set 144b also
having two magnets 180 and three coils 200. The third row 142c is
configured so that there are three sets 146a, 146b and 146c of
magnets 180 and coils 200, and particularly configured so that
there is one set each 146a and 146c adjacent the respective margins
(140m) of the arm 140 having two magnets 180 and three coils 200,
and a set 146b of magnets 180 and coils 200 intermediately disposed
between the outward sets 146a and 146c, with the intermediate set
146 also having two magnets 180 and three coils 200. However, the
embodiment is not limited to the configuration described, as a
single magnet or multiple magnets may be utilized, as well as a
single coil or multiple coils may be utilized, and the various
combinations that may be generated therefrom.
[0047] It is further envisioned that the variations described above
in relation to General Embodiment A, including the use of inverted
V-shaped and A-shaped swing arms, and further including the
utilization of multiple arms 14' and 14'', is equally applicable to
the present embodiment.
General Embodiment C
[0048] Referring now to FIG. 13, the generator 10 having another
type of arm 240 is disclosed in accordance with another embodiment
of the present invention. The generator 10 has an enclosure 12
having the same elements, structures and alternatives as described
above in General Embodiment A and General Embodiment B, thereby
incorporating by reference the description of General Embodiment A
and General Embodiment B as to the pertinent and applicable
elements and structures required by General Embodiment C, but
utilizing an alternative arm 240 having a slot 240c with teeth 242
operatively coupled and mechanically communicating with at least
one gear 244 having complementary teeth 246 for the generation of
voltage or current.
[0049] Thus, the arm 240 is predominantly uniform and has a
wedge-like shape with opposing ends 240a and 240b. At end 240b, the
arm 240 may have a segment 240e having an aperture or hole through
which the arm 240 may be coupled to the enclosure 12 via means 16.
Adjacent to the end 240a, a ballast weight 26 is formed.
[0050] Intermediately disposed between ends 240a and 240b, a slot
240c is formed. The slot 240c has at least one set of teeth 242
formed along one of the long surfaces 246 or 248 (for reference,
the short surfaces are referred to by reference numerals 250 and
252) of the slot 240c. The teeth 242 engage and mechanically
communicate with the teeth 246 of at least one gear 244. The gear
244 is coupled to a gear shaft 254 that is rotated in response to
the movement of the gear 244 as urged by the movement of the slot
240c and the corresponding teeth 242 thereon. The gear shaft 254 is
coupled to a plurality of arms 256 aligned substantially
perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the gear shaft 254. The
arms 256 have magnets 258 coupled thereto, thus as the gear shaft
254 rotates, the arms 256 rotate in the same direction and pass by
or through to generate voltage or current that is then transmitted
via the electronic components. In essence, the gear 244 and gear
shaft 254 were components of a rotary generator coupled to the
overall structure.
General Embodiment D
[0051] Referring now to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, a generator 10 having
alternate internal components is disclosed in accordance with
another embodiment of the present invention. The generator 10 has
an enclosure 12 having an arm 340 having a free end 340a and a
fixed end 340b opposite to the free end 340a. The arm 340 comprises
a flat spring material 342 secured within the enclosure 12 at the
fixed end 340b, and having a magnet 344 coupled to a free end 340a
thereof. The magnet 344 passes through at least one coil 346 (and
depicted as two coils 346 in FIG. 12) in response to the
oscillatory movement of a vehicle, thus generating a voltage or
current. The generated voltage or current is carried on at least
one lead wire 348 (and depicted as two lead wires 348 operatively
coupled to the two coils 346 depicted in FIG. 12). The lead wire(s)
348 is/are operatively coupled to a charge control unit 350 that
may be housed within or without the enclosure 12, and which is
further operatively coupled to a diode, a capacitor, a battery
and/or a device that may require voltage or current for power.
[0052] It is envisioned that the flat spring material 342 may be
formed from a variety of construction material, including metal,
plastic or other suitable materials, and/or a combination of
materials. In one such embodiment, the flat spring material 342 may
be metal, preferably of the type that will not interfere with the
magnetic field(s) of the coil(s) 346 and the voltage or current
generated by the interaction of the magnet(s) 344 and coil(s) 346.
In another embodiment, the flat spring material 342 may be formed
of polycarbonate or another non-interfering material. In another
embodiment, the flat spring material 342 may be formed of metal up
to a location adjacent the magnet 344, with the remainder of the
flat spring material 342 comprising a non-interfering material,
such as the polycarbonate described previously.
[0053] It is envisioned that the fixed end 340b of arm 340 is
coupled and secured within the enclosure 12 via the use of an
adjustable tensioning screw 352 or another suitable substitute. The
use of an adjustable tensioning screw 352, or other similar device,
allows the arm 340 to be finely tuned and adjusted to capture the
optimal oscillatory motion or movement generated by the
vehicle.
General Embodiment E
[0054] Referring now to FIG. 14, a generator 10 having an alternate
configuration is disclosed in accordance with another embodiment of
the disclosure provided herein. In this embodiment, and subsequent
embodiments F through H, fluid is used as a medium for effecting
movement of a magnet(s) 18 through a coil(s) 20, utilizing an arm
440 and floats 442 within the enclosure 12. The generator 10 has an
enclosure 12 comprising an arm 440 having floats 442 depending at
opposite ends thereof. The enclosure 12 is envisioned as having a
removable lid 456 for sealing the contents of the enclosure 12
therein and protecting the contents from external environmental
elements. The arm 440 comprises an intermediate portion 440a
coupled to a connecting rod 444, the arm 440 and rod 444 mutually
coupled via means 16. The rod 444 comprises a slip pin 446 at an
end opposite the end coupled with the arm 440 at means 16. The slip
pin 446 communicates with a pair of discs 448. The discs 448 are
formed intermediate to the ends of a tube 450 on both sides of the
slip pin 446. The tube 450 houses a plurality of magnets 18 that
engage and communicate with a plurality of wire coils 20. The coils
20 are arranged or oriented along a linear path, with an elongated
opening or bore 452 to accommodate the tube 450 and the magnets 18
therein. A space or void 454 is formed and defined between the
magnets 18 and coils 20 respectively utilized along the linear path
depicted. In one embodiment, the space or void 454 is intermediate
to a first set of magnets 1800 and a second set of magnets 1802,
all housed within the tube 450, and a first set of coils 2000 and a
second set of coils 2002. The first set of magnets 1800 and the
first set of coils is 2000 communicating with one another, and the
second set of magnets 1802 and the second set of coils 2002
communicating with one another, respectively.
[0055] The arm 440 comprises opposing ends 440b and 440c having
separate floats 442 depending therefrom. The intermediate portion
440a forms the apex of the arm 440 as the ends 440b and 440c are
angularly offset at an angle /.alpha.. The floats 442 are depicted
as partially submerged within a fluid "F", with the floats 442
moving in response to the motion imparted on the fluid "F" from the
motion of the vehicle. It is envisioned that the floats 442 may be
utilized in a various orientations relative to the fluid "F",
including substantially submerged, partially submerged, or
minimally submerged. In contrast to the substantially or partially
submerged orientation(s), a minimally submerged orientation is one
in which the floats 442 would substantially float (with some
submersion expected) on the surface of the fluid "F" as a result of
the floats 442 having less density than the fluid "F". The floats
442 may be fabricated from a variety of materials, including
metals, plastics, cork or other similar material that is generally
less dense than the fluid "F" provided. It is envisioned that the
fluid "F" will predominantly comprise water, although additives may
be included within the fluid "F" for a variety of operational and
maintenance purposes.
[0056] As the fluid "F" moves in response to the motion of the
vehicle, the floats 442 are urged into a rocking motion that urges
the rod 444 into a pendulum type motion. In such a sequence, as the
float 442 at one end (440b for instance) of the arm 440 is urged
upward because of the motion of the fluid "F", and the float 442 at
the opposite end (440c in this case) of the arm is urged downward,
the rod 444 will urge the slip pin 446 into motion. The slip pin
446 will then communicate with one of the discs 448. The disc 448
will then urge the tube 450 along that same path, urging the
collective movement of the magnets 18 within the coils 20, thereby
generating voltage or current within the coils 20 that may be
immediately consumed or stored for later consumption. As the fluid
"F" is displaced from one area of the enclosure to the adjacent
area, the float 442 at end 440c will be urged upward and the float
442 at end 440b will be urged downward, and the rod 444 will move
in the direction opposite to its previous motion, urging a disc 448
in the same direction and displacing the tube 450 along the same
path in the opposing direction so that the magnets 18 and coils 20
communicate and generate voltage or current within the coils
20.
General Embodiment F
[0057] Referring now to FIG. 15, a generator 10 having an alternate
configuration is disclosed in accordance with another embodiment of
the present invention, the generator 10 utilizing fluid as a medium
for effecting movement of a magnet(s) 18 through a coil(s) 20 as
described above. The generator 10 has an enclosure 12 housing an
arm 540 that floats and is buoyed by the fluid "F", and further
comprising a compartment 22 for housing electronic components and
battery(ies). The arm 540 communicates with a pair of tubes 550 and
552 aligned with the opposing ends 540a and 540b of the arm 540,
the tubes 550 and 552 upstanding from the top of the arm 540
surface and extending toward the coil(s) 20 positioned at the top
of the enclosure 12. Each tube 550 and 552 houses a magnet 18 and
communicates with a corresponding coil 20 to generate voltage or
current. Each coil 20 has an elongated opening or bore 554 through
which each tube 550 and 552 communicates, thereby allowing each
magnet 18 to come into adjacent relationship with each coil 20.
[0058] As motion from the vehicle is imparted on the fluid "F"
within the enclosure 12, a wave is generated, urging one end 540a
or 540b of the arm 540 upward, and thereby urging one of the tubes
550 or 552 upward, thereby urging the magnet 18 into communication
with the coil 20 and generating a voltage or current. As the fluid
"F" is displaced from one area of the enclosure to the adjacent
area, the end 540a or 540b that was previously downward will be
urged upward and the end 540a or 540b will be urged downward, and
the corresponding tubes 550 and 552 will move accordingly so that
the magnet 18 therein will communicate and engage the corresponding
coil 20 and generate voltage or current within the coils 20.
General Embodiment G
[0059] Referring now to FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, a generator 10 having
an alternate configuration is disclosed in accordance with another
embodiment of the present invention, the generator 10 utilizing
fluid as a medium for effecting movement of a magnet(s) 18 through
a coil(s) 20 as described above. The generator 10 has an enclosure
12 comprising an arm 640 having floats 642 and 644 formed at
opposite ends thereof communicating and responding to the motion of
the fluid "F" provided within the enclosure 12. The arm 640 is
coupled within and to the enclosure via means 16, such as a
bearing, which operates as a fulcrum about which the arm 640 may
rock, pivot or articulate in response to movement of fluid "F". The
arm 640 comprises upwardly depending push rod 648 which
communicates with and engages a gear/lever assembly 650, urging the
communication at least one magnet 18 with a coil 20. A paddle 646
downwardly depends from the arm 640 and communicates with the fluid
"F". The paddle 646 moves in conjunction with the movement of the
arm 640 and functions to whisk fluid "F" rapidly toward the area of
reduced fluid "F" volume, thereby increasing the speed at which the
floats 642 respond and the arm 640 rocks or pivots.
[0060] Each assembly 650 comprises a gear rack 652 and a pair of
gear arms or wings 654 operatively coupled with the gear rack 652.
The gear arms or wings 654 are operatively coupled to the gear rack
652 via teeth 656 that intermesh with the slots or grooves 658
formed along the external surface of the gear rack 652. As the
fluid "F" motion urges the arm 640 downward at one end (and upward
at the opposing end), the push rod 648 urges the gear rack 652
downward and results in the gear arms or wings 654 urging upward as
the teeth 656 intermesh with the slots or grooves 658 in a climbing
manner so that the gear arms or wings 654 rapidly move from a
horizontal position toward a vertical position. Each gear arm or
wing 654 corresponds to a power generating unit, which generally
comprises a magnet 18 and a corresponding coil 20, so that as each
gear arm or wing 654 rapidly rises, each corresponding magnet 18 is
urged upward through the bore or opening within the coil 20,
generating voltage or current. As the fluid "F" motion urges the
arm 640 to rock or move in the opposite direction, the push rod 648
urges the gear rack 652 to return upward resulting in the gear arms
or wings 654 falling toward the horizontal starting position.
General Embodiment H
[0061] Referring now to FIG. 18 through FIG. 20, a generator 10
having an alternate configuration is disclosed in accordance with
another embodiment of the present invention, the generator 10
utilizing fluid as a medium for effecting movement of a magnet(s)
18 through a coil(s) 20 as described above. The generator 10 has an
enclosure 12 comprising an arm 740 having floats 742 and 744 formed
at opposite ends thereof communicating and responding to the motion
of the fluid "F" provided within the enclosure 12. The arm 740 is
coupled within and to the enclosure via means 16, such as a
bearing, which operates as a fulcrum about which the arm 740 may
rock, pivot or articulate in response to movement of fluid "F". A
paddle 746 downwardly depends from the arm 740 and communicates
with the fluid "F". The paddle 746 moves in conjunction with the
movement of the arm 740 and functions to whisk fluid "F" rapidly
toward the area of reduced fluid "F" volume, thereby increasing the
speed at which the floats 742 respond and the arm 740 rocks or
pivots. A pair of lifting plates 748 upwardly depend from the arm
740 and are oriented to communicate and engage a pair of cantilever
modules 750 in a manner and for the function discussed below.
[0062] A pair of cantilever modules 750 are oriented so as to
substantially align with the respective ends of arm 740,
particularly communicating with and engaged by the lifting plates
748 upwardly depending from arm 740. As the arm 740 rocks or pivots
in response to fluid "F" movement, one of the lifting plates 748 is
urged upward (with the corresponding end of the arm 740) and
strikes the base of one of the modules 750. The modules 750 are
movable between an upper limit and a lower limit defined by stops
752 and 754, respectively. Each module 750 also comprises an
external magnet 756 that communicates with a magnet 18 adjacent to
the external magnet 756 (discussed in greater detail below).
Superior and adjacent to each module 750 is a power generating unit
generally comprising a pair of magnets 18 and a coil 20, the
magnets 18 housed in a tube 758 that communicates and moves along
an elongated opening or bore 760 within the coil 20.
[0063] In the power generating unit, the magnets 18 are oriented
and configured head to tail with the south poles comprising the
external margins and the north poles comprising the internal
margins. The magnets 18 are physically and forcibly arranged so
that there is some space between the margins of the north poles of
each respective magnet 18, since this alignment generally creates
repulsion forces. This arrangement positions the magnets 18 so that
only the north poles of the magnets 18 engage the coil 20, and the
south poles of the magnets 18 remain outside of the coil 20. It was
observed that if the north and south poles of the magnets 18 are
within the coil 20 at approximately the same time, the current
created by the respective poles tends to cancel one another,
thereby minimizing the effective current created. In arranging the
magnets 18 in this manner, with some space between the respective
north poles, the magnetic lines of flux M are concentrated and
permit more lines of flux M to be oriented approximately 90 degrees
to the wires of the coil 20, which then permits more electrical
force to be created or generated as the magnet(s) 18 communicate
and engage the coil(s) 20. The pair of magnets 18 are urged through
the bore 760 of coil 20 via the repulsive forces generated between
the south pole of the adjacent magnet 18 and south pole of the
external magnet 756 on each module 750, resulting in magnetic
levitation of the magnets 18. As the external magnet 756 is urged
into a position adjacent the magnet 18, the south poles of each
magnet 756 and 18 repel and urge the magnets 18 through the bore
760 and thereby communicating with the coil 20 to generate voltage
or current.
[0064] The impact of the lifting plate 748 on the base of the
module 750 has a resulting momentary impulse force that is greater
than the lifting capacity of the arm 740, which causes the module
750 to rotate on its axis and urges the external magnet 756 into
communication with the magnet 18. As noted above, the rotation of
the module 750 results in the external magnet 756 (with the south
pole externally oriented) communicating with and repelling the
south pole of the adjacent magnet 18, urging the pair of magnets 18
upward through the bore 760 of the coil 20, generating voltage or
current for immediate consumption or for storage. When the force of
gravity overcomes the initial momentary impulse force, the module
rotates about its axis and returns to an initial non-rotated state,
thereby urging the magnet 756 away from magnet 18, thus removing
the repulsion force and allowing the pair of magnets 18 to
free-fall back to a resting state, resetting the position of the
pair of magnets 18 for use in the next cycle. This process is
repeated in quick succession and generates a steady current of
electrical charge necessary to sustain the electrical life of the
device(s) or system(s) coupled to the generator 10.
[0065] It is envisioned that the aforementioned embodiment may be
altered so that means 16 is positioned at either terminal end of
the arm 740, and that the module(s) 750 and corresponding power
unit (magnet(s) and coil(s)) is positioned at an end opposite of
the means 16 in such a configuration. It is also envisioned that at
least one of the floats 742 or 744 is movable along the arm 740, so
that as the arm 740 shifts, the float 742 or 744 will move or slide
toward the lowered end of the arm 740 and approach the other float.
As with all the embodiments, it is envisioned that the floats may
be varied in size and in composition to accommodate any physical
constraints required for an application.
[0066] The aforementioned embodiment addressed several concerns,
including the need to minimize friction between the moving parts,
which generally results in wasted or unharnessed energy, maximizing
the magnetic lines of flux between adjacent magnets and coils, and
increasing the speed at which the magnet(s) move through the
coil(s). Utilizing the momentary impulse force also allows the
generator 10 to lift an object that might otherwise require
additional external force. The forcible orientation of the magnets
18 so that the north poles are adjacent (with a space therebetween)
aligned the magnetic lines of flux approximately 90 degrees,
thereby maximizing the voltage or current that might be generated
once the magnet(s) 18 communicate and engage the coil(s) 20. Using
magnetic levitation for urging the magnets 18 upward through the
coils 20 results in a significant reduction in the power or energy
lost to friction, and also takes advantage of a second momentary
impulse force generated between the pole of the external magnet 756
and the pole of the adjacent magnet 18, thereby urging the magnets
18 rapidly upward through the coil 20 at a velocity significantly
higher over standard mechanical forces.
[0067] It is envisioned that the various embodiments, as separately
disclosed, are interchangeable in various aspects, so that elements
of one embodiment may be incorporated into one or more of the other
embodiments, including the application of fluid as a medium of
motion transmission to those embodiments not specifically depicted
as utilizing fluid. Likewise, it is equally envisioned that
specific positioning of the various elements is variable as
required and demanded because of performance requirements or
spatial constructions.
[0068] It is to be understood that the embodiments and claims are
not limited in its application to the details of construction and
to the arrangement of the components set forth in the description
or illustrated in the drawings. The embodiments and claims
disclosed herein are further capable of other embodiments and of
being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be
understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are
for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as
limiting the claims.
[0069] Accordingly, those skilled in the art will appreciate that
the conception upon which this application is based may readily be
utilized as a basis for the design of other structures, methods,
and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the
embodiments and claims presented in this application. It is
important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such
equivalent constructions. Furthermore, the purpose of the foregoing
Abstract is to enable the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the
public generally, and especially including the practitioners in the
art who are not familiar with patent or legal terms or phraseology,
to determine quickly from a cursory inspection, the nature and
essence of the technical disclosure of the application. The
Abstract is neither intended to define the claims of the
application, nor is it intended to be limiting to the scope of the
claims in any way. It is intended that the application is defined
by the claims.
* * * * *