U.S. patent application number 12/084841 was filed with the patent office on 2010-02-04 for centrally controlled coke oven aeration system for primary and secondary air.
Invention is credited to Ronald Kim, Franz-Josef Schuecker.
Application Number | 20100025217 12/084841 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 37387447 |
Filed Date | 2010-02-04 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100025217 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Schuecker; Franz-Josef ; et
al. |
February 4, 2010 |
Centrally Controlled Coke Oven Aeration System for Primary and
Secondary Air
Abstract
This invention relates to a ventilation device for non-recovery
coke ovens, said ventilation device consisting of at least one vent
port extending through the wall or built-in internals, e.g. a coke
oven door, and connecting the oven interior with the outer
atmosphere surrounding said oven and wherein said vent port can be
closed entirely or partly by means of a locking element. Two
locking elements or more are coupled to each other by at least one
mechanical coupling element by fastening said coupling element to
said locking elements directly or via a lever, and wherein each
coupling element is connected to at least one central adjusting
element such that said locking elements can be moved, with it being
possible for the relevant vent ports to be closed, completely
opened or moved into any intermediate position. Ideally this
coupling element should be a chain or a screw spindle.
Inventors: |
Schuecker; Franz-Josef;
(Castrop-Rauxel, DE) ; Kim; Ronald; (Essen,
DE) |
Correspondence
Address: |
MARSHALL & MELHORN, LLC
FOUR SEAGATE - EIGHTH FLOOR
TOLEDO
OH
43604
US
|
Family ID: |
37387447 |
Appl. No.: |
12/084841 |
Filed: |
October 11, 2006 |
PCT Filed: |
October 11, 2006 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP2006/009799 |
371 Date: |
May 8, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
201/15 ;
202/248 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10B 41/00 20130101;
C10B 15/02 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
201/15 ;
202/248 |
International
Class: |
C10B 15/02 20060101
C10B015/02; C10B 41/00 20060101 C10B041/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 18, 2005 |
DE |
10 2005 055 483.0 |
Claims
1-17. (canceled)
18. A ventilation device for supplying primary and secondary air
for the combustion of coking gas in cokemaking chambers of coke
ovens built in flat-type construction and arranged as a battery of
coke ovens, wherein said ventilation device consists of at least
one vent port per cokemaking chamber for primary air, said vent
port extending through the relevant coke oven door or through its
wall surrounding it, said ventilation device furthermore comprising
at least one vent port per cokemaking chamber for secondary air and
wherein freely-supported locking elements are provided for at least
part of said vent ports, comprising at least part of the locking
elements of said vent ports is mechanically connected to an
adjusting element controlled and driven from a central point, said
locking elements can be actuated by said adjusting element
depending on the demand for combustion air in the cokemaking
chambers, the mechanical connection of each individual locking
element with the central adjusting element can be effected
individually, wherein especially the starting position of each
individual locking element at the beginning of the cokemaking
process of the pertaining cokemaking chamber can be adjusted
separately and independently of the other locking elements of the
adjacent cokemaking chambers.
19. A ventilation device according to claim 18, wherein at least
part of the locking elements for primary air is mechanically
connected to an adjusting element and wherein at least part of the
locking elements for secondary air is mechanically connected to
another adjusting element.
20. A ventilation device according to claim 18, wherein the
adjusting element is a rotating chain.
21. A ventilation device according to claim 18, wherein the
adjusting element is a screw spindle.
22. A ventilation device according to claim 18, wherein the locking
elements are locking plates which are supported such that they are
moved mainly in parallel to the oven door when they are actuated by
the connecting element.
23. A ventilation device according to claim 18, wherein the locking
elements are upright standing locking plates supported in
vertically or horizontally rotatable arrangement around a central
axle.
24. A ventilation device according to claim 18, wherein the locking
elements are formed by at least two overlapping and reciprocally
slideable facettes, wherein both facettes ideally expose a
polygonal and point-symmetrical or nearly circular cross-section
when partly opened.
25. A ventilation device according to claim 18, wherein the locking
elements are conical, with the tip pointing to the oven interior
when built-in.
26. A ventilation device according to claim 25, wherein the vent
port has the same or a wider angle of aperture than the pertaining
conical locking elements.
27. A ventilation device according to claim 25, wherein the conical
locking element can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the
vent port, thereby exposing a circular ring gap when partly
opened.
28. A ventilation device according to claim 18, wherein the locking
element is connected to the adjusting element such that when being
in the end position and when the vent port has been completely
closed, it is automatically released from the adjusting
element.
29. A method for supplying combustion air for the combustion of
coking gas in cokemaking chambers of coke ovens built in flat-type
construction and arranged as a battery of coke ovens, wherein at
least one device according to claim 18, is implemented, wherein a)
after discharging and recharging a cokemaking chamber said locking
elements are moved into the starting position that represents the
complete or nearly complete opening of said vent port, and wherein
said locking elements are connected to the central adjusting
element, and wherein subsequently b) during the carbonisation time
said locking elements are actuated by the central adjusting
element(s) such that the vent ports are more and more closed, and
wherein subsequently c) the locking elements of a cokemaking
chamber have attained their end position latest at the end of the
carbonisation time of the relevant cokemaking chamber and are
released from said adjusting element, and wherein d) said method
according to (a) is restarted again.
30. A method according to claim 29, wherein after the complete
closure of the vent port the release of said locking elements from
the adjusting element is effected automatically.
31. A method according to claim 29, wherein throughout the entire
carbonisation time the central adjusting element is actuated
continuously and mainly at the same medium speed or actuation
frequency.
32. A method according to claim 29, wherein at least one central
adjusting element for the locking elements of primary air and at
least one central adjusting element for the locking elements of
secondary air are provided for.
33. A method according to claim 32, wherein the central adjusting
element for primary air and the central adjusting element for
secondary air are actuated continuously throughout the entire
carbonisation time and mainly at the same medium speed or actuation
frequency.
Description
[0001] This invention relates to a device and a method for
supplying combustion air for the combustion of coking gas in
cokemaking chambers of coke ovens built in flat-type construction
and arranged as a battery of coke ovens for the so-called
non-recovery or heat-recovery process. This device at least
comprises a vent port for each cokemaking chamber, said vent port
extending through the relevant coke oven door or its wall
surrounding it, as well as vent ports for supplying secondary air
into the heating flues. A freely-supported locking element is
provided for each vent port.
[0002] All locking elements are mechanically connected to at least
one adjusting element controlled and driven from a central point.
The adjusting element continuously actuates the locking elements
depending on the demand for combustion air in the cokemaking
chamber. The mechanical connection of each individual locking
element with the central adjusting element can be effected
separately, wherein especially the starting position of each
individual locking element at the beginning of the cokemaking
process of the pertaining cokemaking chamber can be adjusted
independently of the other locking elements of the adjacent
cokemaking chambers.
[0003] Heating of heat-recovery ovens is usually performed by
combustion of gas evolving on cokemaking. Combustion is controlled
in such a manner that part of the gas above the coal charge burns
off with primary air in the oven chamber. This partly burnt gas is
fed through channels that are also designated as "downcomers" to
the heating flues in the oven chamber sole and completely burnt
there by the addition of further combustion air, which is called
secondary air.
[0004] In this way, heat is directly supplied from the top and
indirectly from the bottom to the coal charge, thus taking a
positive impact on the coking rate and, thereby, on the performance
rate of coke ovens. To execute the method it is required to exactly
rate and variably control the supplied primary and secondary air
throughout the carbonisation time that may take up to 20 to 96
hours. Heat-recovery and non-recovery coke ovens in flat-type
construction are widely described in prior art disclosures. For
example, reference is taken to U.S. Pat. No. 4,344,820, U.S. Pat.
No. 4,287,024, U.S. Pat. No. 5,114,542, GB 1 555 400 or CA 2 052
177 C.
[0005] According to the conventional state of the art in
technology, primary air is sucked in from the atmosphere through
ports in the doors. Secondary air is sucked in through ports near
to ground and conducted through channels into the heating flues
which mainly extend horizontally under the coke oven chamber. The
ports for primary and secondary air are either opened permanently
or provided with flaps designed to adjust the amount of air to be
aspirated.
[0006] As the coke oven batteries are very extensive, and since
usually a very high temperature prevails therein and because a
serious development of dust is encountered, only manually
adjustable ventilation flaps are disclosed in prior art technology.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,928,476 describes such a coke oven battery, wherein
three manually operable ports are provided in each coke oven door,
in which or in front of which one plate or disk each adapted to the
port cross-section and supported at a central axle is arranged.
These port flaps can be varied in their position manually through
levers.
[0007] In practice, however, it becomes evident that the required
variation in the amount of primary and secondary air throughout the
carbonisation time is effected with a manual adjustment only in
very isolated cases and that the ideal time-dependent adjustment is
thus by far not achieved. Furthermore, manual operation implies a
serious burden to operators' health.
[0008] Now, therefore, it is the objective of this invention to
remedy the described deficiencies in an economic manner and to
assure an optimised supply of primary air and/or secondary air.
Operational safety must be assured even with usually high
temperatures and heavy impurities.
[0009] This invention solves this task by providing a device for
supplying combustion air for the combustion of coking gas in
cokemaking chambers of coke ovens built in flat-type construction
and arranged as a battery of coke ovens, wherein the venting device
consists of at least one vent port for each cokemaking chamber,
said vent port extending through the relevant coke oven door or
through its wall surrounding it, and wherein a freely-supported
locking element is provided for each vent port, wherein [0010] all
locking elements of these vent ports are mechanically connected to
at least one adjusting element controlled and driven from a central
point, [0011] the locking elements are to be actuated by means of
said adjusting element depending on the demand for combustion air
in the cokemaking chamber, [0012] the mechanical connection of each
individual locking element with the central adjusting element can
be effected separately, wherein especially the starting position of
each individual locking element at the beginning of the cokemaking
process of the pertaining cokemaking chamber can be adjusted
separately and independently of the other locking elements of the
adjacent cokemaking chambers.
[0013] The connection between the locking element and the adjusting
element as used hereunder shall be understood to mean that both
elements may be connected to each other in a detachable way through
a coupling element, for example a lever, rope tackle, chain, lever
arm, etc. as well as combinations of these elements.
[0014] Advantageous embodiments provide for configuring the
adjusting element as a rotating chain or as a steel cable. Using a
screw spindle as adjusting element is another suitable embodiment.
All these adjusting elements permit a permanent actuation into one
moving direction which is very advantageous for the continuous
overall process.
[0015] Furthermore, the device embodying this invention can be
configured in such a manner that locking plates are installed as
locking elements, said locking plates being supported in such a way
that when actuated by the coupling element they are moved mainly in
parallel to the oven door.
[0016] For a directed flow of primary gas it is of advantage for
the vent port to be of a rotary-symmetrical shape. Therefore, the
use of locking elements configured as upright standing locking
plates and supported in vertically or horizontally rotatable
arrangement around a central axle is advantageous.
[0017] With a further improved embodiment of said ventilation
device, the locking elements are formed by at least two overlapping
and reciprocally slideable facettes, with both facettes ideally
exposing a polygonal and point-symmetrical or nearly circular
cross-section when partly opened. Hence, there is no diversion of
aspirated air in the vent port and because of the higher flow
velocity the aspirated air is directed more deeply into the oven
space.
[0018] A still advanced improvement resides in configuring the
locking elements in conical shape, with the tip pointing towards
the oven interior when built-in. This embodiment can still be
further optimised in such a way that the vent port has the same or
a wider angle of aperture than the pertaining conical locking
elements. In this embodiment of the locking element for the device
embodying this invention, the aspirated air is whirled-up minimally
in the area of the locking element as well as in the area of the
vent port and shaped to a gas jet independently of the size of the
exposed cross-section.
[0019] With a different size of the conical angles of the vent port
and locking element it can be assured that impurities accumulating
in the vent port do not prevent a complete closure of the vent
port. The conical locking element is moved via a lever structure
and/or a spindle in the longitudinal direction of the vent port so
that a circular ring gap is exposed when partly opened.
[0020] The ventilation device can be further improved by connecting
the locking element with the adjusting element in such a way that
it is automatically released from the adjusting element when being
in the end position and when the vent port has been completely
closed.
[0021] This invention furthermore comprises a device for supplying
combustion air in coke ovens, in which the ventilation device
embodying this invention as described before is implemented by one
of its embodiment variants, with the sequence of the method being
as set forth below: [0022] a) After discharging and recharging a
cokemaking chamber said locking elements are moved into the
starting position that represents the complete or nearly complete
opening of said vent port, and wherein said locking elements are
connected to the central adjusting element. [0023] b) During the
carbonisation time, the locking elements are actuated by the
central adjusting element continuously and mainly at the same
medium speed or actuation frequency so that the vent ports are
continuously closed. [0024] c) Latest at the end of the
carbonisation time of a cokemaking chamber will the locking
elements have completely closed the vent ports of this cokemaking
chamber and can be released from the adjusting element. [0025] d)
Upon discharging and recharging, the method is restarted again by
taking step (a).
[0026] An improved variant of this method is that the locking
element being in the end position is automatically released from
the adjusting element.
[0027] In another improved embodiment of the process embodying this
invention, at least two central adjusting elements are provided
for, wherein one adjusting element thereof actuates the locking
elements for primary air and wherein the other central adjusting
element actuates the locking elements for secondary air. Throughout
the entire carbonisation time, the two adjusting elements are
controllable completely independently of each other.
[0028] It is advantageous to actuate one central adjusting element
continuously and mainly at the same speed or actuation
frequency.
[0029] This invention also encompasses the use of the ventilation
device embodying this invention in one of the embodiment variants
outlined hereinabove with a method for supplying combustion air in
cokemaking chambers of coke ovens built in flat-type construction
and arranged as a battery of coke ovens.
[0030] This invention is described by way of three exemplary
embodiment variants illustrated in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, with the
invention not being restricted to these examples of embodiments.
FIG. 1 shows a coke oven 1 in a front view. In its front area, coke
oven 1 has a coke oven door 2 in which two vent ports 3 for primary
air are arranged. Located beneath said coke oven door 2 and
illustrated by dotted lines are heating flues 4 extending under the
oven space. The vent ports 5 for supplying secondary air into these
heating flues 4 are arranged near the bottom beneath said heating
flues 4.
[0031] Moreover, FIG. 1 shows the locking elements 6 for said vent
ports 3 of the primary air supply and the locking elements 7 for
the vent ports 5 of the secondary air supply. Each locking element
mainly consists of a locking plate 9 and a lever arm 10 and it is
supported at an axle 8 around which said locking element can be
moved in rotating motion. The lever arms 10 of said locking
elements 6 are connected in a detachable way with a rotating chain
11 and the locking elements 7 are connected in a detachable way
with a rotating chain 12.
[0032] By a continuous movement of chain 11, the locking elements 6
are moved in counter-clockwise direction around the angle a while
the locking elements 7 are moved in clockwise direction around
angle .beta.. The chains are driven via the central adjusting
elements 13 and 14, respectively.
[0033] FIG. 2 shows the front view of two coke ovens 1 representing
a major coke oven battery as indicated by the two arrows I and II.
These two coke ovens 1 are at different stages of coal
carbonisation. The coke oven 1 shown on the right side is in the
initial stage of coal carbonisation, and therefore the locking
elements 6 hardly overlap the vent ports 3. In this example of the
embodiment, the lever arm 10 is connected via a minor chain 15 to
the rotating chain 11. The arrangement in the area of the vent
ports 5 for secondary air is analogous. Here, the locking elements
7 and, respectively, their lever arms 10 are connected via minor
chains 16 to the rotating chain 12.
[0034] The supply of air to the coke oven 1 shown on the left side
has already been closed completely and the lever arm 10 and the
chain 15, respectively, have been released from the rotating chain
11. The locking elements 7 for the control of secondary air of the
coke oven 1 shown on the left side are at a stage shortly before
closure, but they are not yet closed completely. Hence, it is well
conceivable that each coke oven 1 can be controlled absolutely
individually despite a common central control.
[0035] A special embodiment variant of the locking elements 6 and 7
is illustrated in FIG. 3. Shown in this sectional drawing is a
rotary-symmetrical locking element 6 having a locking head 17 in
form of a truncated cone to which a cylindrical guiding rod 18 is
fastened. The guiding rod is firmly connected to a spring bridge 19
fastened to said coke oven door 2. The guiding rod 18 is guided in
a guiding tube 20 and connected with its rear end via a small chain
15 to the rotating chain 11. At the beginning of the carbonisation
time, the springs of the spring bridge 19 are pre-stressed by
expansion so that the vent port 3 is largely open. By the movement
of the rotating chain 11 the spring bridge 19 is relieved, the
locking element 6 is moved in the direction of the coke oven door
2, and the locking head 17 is introduced into the conical vent port
3. The pre-stressing shall be chosen such that after relief of the
chain 15 and spring bridge 19 a complete closure of vent port 3 is
achieved.
List of Reference Numbers
[0036] 1 Coke oven [0037] 2 Coke oven door [0038] 3 Vent port
(primary air) [0039] 4 Heating flues [0040] 5 Vent ports (secondary
air) [0041] 6 Locking elements (primary air) [0042] 7 Locking
elements (secondary air) [0043] 8 Hinge [0044] 9 Locking plate
[0045] 10 Lever arm [0046] 11 Chain (primary air) [0047] 12 Chain
(secondary air) [0048] 13 Adjusting element [0049] 14 Adjusting
element [0050] 15 Chain [0051] 16 Chain [0052] 17 Locking head
[0053] 18 Guiding rod [0054] 19 Spring bridge [0055] 20 Guiding
tube
* * * * *