U.S. patent application number 12/556681 was filed with the patent office on 2010-01-07 for method and apparatus for processing shared subpackets in a communication system.
This patent application is currently assigned to QUALCOMM Incorporated. Invention is credited to Tao Chen, Stein A. Lundby, Joseph P. Odenwalder, David Puig Oses, Edward G. Tiedemann, JR., Yongbin Wei.
Application Number | 20100002728 12/556681 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 25528041 |
Filed Date | 2010-01-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100002728 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Odenwalder; Joseph P. ; et
al. |
January 7, 2010 |
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING SHARED SUBPACKETS IN A
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Abstract
Method and Apparatus for Processing Shared Sub-packets in a
Communication System are disclosed. A communication system
providing both voice and data services allows for a plurality of
subscriber station to share a data sent in a unit of a forward
traffic channel. To provide information required by the subscriber
stations to determine that a unit of the forward traffic channel is
shared, and to correctly decode the data, different control channel
structures are described. Additionally, the control channel
structures provides for more efficient signaling of code channel
assignment.
Inventors: |
Odenwalder; Joseph P.; (San
Diego, CA) ; Tiedemann, JR.; Edward G.; (San Diego,
CA) ; Chen; Tao; (San Diego, CA) ; Lundby;
Stein A.; (San Diego, CA) ; Wei; Yongbin; (San
Diego, CA) ; Oses; David Puig; (San Diego,
CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
QUALCOMM INCORPORATED
5775 MOREHOUSE DR.
SAN DIEGO
CA
92121
US
|
Assignee: |
QUALCOMM Incorporated
San Diego
CA
|
Family ID: |
25528041 |
Appl. No.: |
12/556681 |
Filed: |
September 10, 2009 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
09981027 |
Oct 15, 2001 |
7599334 |
|
|
12556681 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
370/475 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04B 7/2637 20130101;
H04W 72/14 20130101; H04B 7/2618 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
370/475 |
International
Class: |
H04L 29/02 20060101
H04L029/02 |
Claims
1. A method to process shared sub-packets, comprising: decoding a
MAC identifier of a first control channel; and processing a
sub-packet if the MAC identifier of the first control channel
indicates the sub-packet is for a subscriber station.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step of processing
said sub-packet if the MAC identifier of the first control channel
indicates the sub-packet is for the subscriber station further
comprises: decoding remaining information from the first control
channel and processing said sub-packet of a packet channel in
accordance with the information if the decoded MAC identifier of
the first control channel is identical to the subscriber station's
MAC identifier.
3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: ceasing
further processing if the MAC identifier of said subscriber station
is not identical with the decoded MAC identifier from the first
control channel; decoding a second control channel's indicator if
the subscriber station's MAC identifier is not identical with the
decoded MAC identifier from the first control channel; ceasing
further processing if the second control channel's indicator
indicates that no second control channel is transmitted, decoding
the second control channel's MAC identifier if the second control
channel's indicator indicates that said second control channel is
transmitted; ceasing further processing if the MAC identifier of
said subscriber station is not identical with the second control
channel's decoded MAC identifier; and acquiring the remaining
information from the second control channel and processing the
sub-packet of a packet channel in accordance with the information
of the subscriber station if the MAC identifier of said subscriber
station is identical with the second control channel's decoded MAC
identifier.
4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
interpreting the remaining bits of the first control channel If the
MAC identifier indicates that a sub-packet of a data channel is for
the subscriber station, wherein the remaining bits are interpreted
to indicate parameters of the shared sub-packet which comprise a
number of sub-slots into which the sub-packet is subdivided and a
number of said subscriber stations sharing the sub-packet.
5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving
signaling messages which notify said subscriber station about Walsh
codes.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first control
channel comprises MAC identifiers for each of the subscriber
stations, ARQ identifiers, sub-packet identifiers, encoder packet
sizes and a number of Walsh channels.
7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
accumulating data from said first control channel and all second
control channels.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said
control channels are encoded with Walsh codes with sequential
indexes.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said
control channels comprise a partial MAC identifier block
identifying subscriber stations for which another control channel
is intended.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said
control channels are encoded with Walsh codes with increasing
indexes.
11. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: decoding
the second control channel's MAC identifier for a next said second
control channel if the MAC identifier of the second control channel
indicates that the second control channel does not contain
information for the subscriber station; and acquiring the remaining
information from the next second said control channel, and
processing the sub-packet of the packet channel, if the MAC
identifier of said subscriber station is identical with the next
second said control channel's decoded MAC said identifier.
12. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: tuning to
the secondary control channels; examining the MAC identifiers of
the secondary control channels; ceasing further processing if the
subscriber station fails to find a MAC identifier of the secondary
control channels indicating that the subscriber station is to share
a sub-packet; reading a rest of information and processing the
sub-packet on the packet channel if the subscriber station finds a
MAC ID of the secondary control channels indicating that the
subscriber station is to share the sub-packet on the packet
channel, and examining each portion of the first control channel
containing information about sub-slot positions, whereby the second
control channel (CDM) channels do not need to contain the starting
sub-slot for each said subscriber station.
13. The method according to claim 7, wherein at least one of said
second control channels comprises a block identifying a number of
the transmitted second control channels.
14. An apparatus for processing shared sub-packets, comprising:
means for decoding a MAC identifier of a first control channel; and
means for processing a sub-packet if the MAC identifier of the
first control channel indicates the sub-packet is for a subscriber
station.
15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said means for
processing said sub-packet if the MAC identifier of the first
control channel indicates the sub-packet is for the subscriber
station further comprises: means for decoding remaining information
from the first control channel and processing said sub-packet of a
packet channel in accordance with the information if the decoded
MAC identifier of the first control channel is identical to the
subscriber station's MAC identifier.
16. The apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising: means
for ceasing further processing if the MAC identifier of said
subscriber station is not identical with the decoded MAC identifier
from the first control channel; means for decoding a second control
channel's indicator if the subscriber station's MAC identifier is
not identical with the decoded MAC identifier from the first
control channel; means for ceasing further processing if the second
control channel's indicator indicates that no second control
channel is transmitted, means for decoding the second control
channel's MAC identifier if the second control channel's indicator
indicates that said second control channel is transmitted; means
for ceasing further processing if the MAC identifier of said
subscriber station is not identical with the second control
channel's decoded MAC identifier; and means for acquiring the
remaining information from the second control channel and
processing the sub-packet of a packet channel in accordance with
the information of the subscriber station if the MAC identifier of
said subscriber station is identical with the second control
channel's decoded MAC identifier.
17. The apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising: means
for interpreting the remaining bits of the first control channel If
the MAC identifier indicates that a sub-packet of a data channel is
for the subscriber station, wherein the remaining bits are
interpreted to indicate parameters of the shared sub-packet which
comprise a number of sub-slots into which the sub-packet is
subdivided and a number of said subscriber stations sharing the
sub-packet.
18. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: means
for receiving signaling messages which notify said subscriber
station about Walsh codes.
19. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the first control
channel comprises MAC identifiers for each of the subscriber
stations, ARQ identifiers, sub-packet identifiers, encoder packet
sizes and a number of Walsh channels.
20. The apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising: means
for accumulating data from said first control channel and all
second control channels.
21. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein a plurality of
said control channels are encoded with Walsh codes with sequential
indexes.
22. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein a plurality of
said control channels comprise a partial MAC identifier block
identifying subscriber stations for which another control channel
is intended.
23. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein a plurality of
said control channels are encoded with Walsh codes with increasing
indexes.
24. The apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising: means
for decoding the second control channel's MAC identifier for a next
said second control channel if the MAC identifier of the second
control channel indicates that the second control channel does not
contain information for the subscriber station; and means for
acquiring the remaining information from the next second said
control channel, and processing the sub-packet of the packet
channel, if the MAC identifier of said subscriber station is
identical with the next second said control channel's decoded MAC
said identifier.
25. The apparatus according to claim 20, further comprising: means
for tuning to the secondary control channels; means for examining
the MAC identifiers of the secondary control channels; means for
ceasing further processing if the subscriber station fails to find
a MAC identifier of the secondary control channels indicating that
the subscriber station is to share a sub-packet; means for reading
a rest of information and processing the sub-packet on the packet
channel if the subscriber station finds a MAC ID of the secondary
control channels indicating that the subscriber station is to share
the sub-packet on the packet channel, and means for examining each
portion of the first control channel containing information about
sub-slot positions, whereby the second control channel (CDM)
channels do not need to contain the starting sub-slot for each said
subscriber station.
26. The apparatus according to claim 20, wherein at least one of
said second control channels comprises a block identifying a number
of the transmitted second control channels.
27. A subscriber station to process shared sub-packets, comprising:
a processor; and a memory operably connected to said processor,
wherein said memory stores software comprising decode a MAC
identifier of a first control channel; and process a sub-packet if
the MAC identifier of the first control channel indicates the
sub-packet is for a subscriber station.
28. The subscriber station according to claim 27, wherein said
process said sub-packet if the MAC identifier of the first control
channel indicates the sub-packet is for the subscriber station
further comprises: decode remaining information from the first
control channel and process said sub-packet of a packet channel in
accordance with the information if the decoded MAC identifier of
the first control channel is identical to the subscriber station's
MAC identifier.
29. The subscriber station according to claim 27, further
comprising software to: cease further processing if the MAC
identifier of said subscriber station is not identical with the
decoded MAC identifier from the first control channel; decode a
second control channel's indicator if the subscriber station's MAC
identifier is not identical with the decoded MAC identifier from
the first control channel; cease further processing if the second
control channel's indicator indicates that no second control
channel is transmitted, decode the second control channel's MAC
identifier if the second control channel's indicator indicates that
said second control channel is transmitted; cease further
processing if the MAC identifier of said subscriber station is not
identical with the second control channel's decoded MAC identifier;
and acquire the remaining information from the second control
channel and processing the sub-packet of a packet channel in
accordance with the information of the subscriber station if the
MAC identifier of said subscriber station is identical with the
second control channel's decoded MAC identifier.
30. The subscriber station according to claim 27, further
comprising software to: interpret the remaining bits of the first
control channel If the MAC identifier indicates that a sub-packet
of a data channel is for the subscriber station, wherein the
remaining bits are interpreted to indicate parameters of the shared
sub-packet which comprise a number of sub-slots into which the
sub-packet is subdivided and a number of said subscriber stations
sharing the sub-packet.
31. The subscriber station according to claim 27, further
comprising software to: receive signaling messages which notify
said subscriber station about Walsh codes.
32. The subscriber station according to claim 27, wherein the first
control channel comprises MAC identifiers for each of the
subscriber stations, ARQ identifiers, sub-packet identifiers,
encoder packet sizes and a number of Walsh channels.
33. The subscriber station according to claim 27, further
comprising software to: accumulate data from said first control
channel and all second control channels.
34. The subscriber station according to claim 27, wherein a
plurality of said control channels are encoded with Walsh codes
with sequential indexes.
35. The subscriber station according to claim 27, wherein a
plurality of said control channels comprise a partial MAC
identifier block identifying subscriber stations for which another
control channel is intended.
36. The subscriber station according to claim 27, wherein a
plurality of said control channels are encoded with Walsh codes
with increasing indexes.
37. The subscriber station according to claim 29, further
comprising software to: decode the second control channel's MAC
identifier for a next said second control channel if the MAC
identifier of the second control channel indicates that the second
control channel does not contain information for the subscriber
station; and acquire the remaining information from the next second
said control channel, and processing the sub-packet of the packet
channel, if the MAC identifier of said subscriber station is
identical with the next second said control channel's decoded MAC
said identifier.
38. The subscriber station according to claim 33, further
comprising software to: tune to the secondary control channels;
examine the MAC identifiers of the secondary control channels;
cease further processing if the subscriber station fails to find a
MAC identifier of the secondary control channels indicating that
the subscriber station is to share a sub-packet; read a rest of
information and processing the sub-packet on the packet channel if
the subscriber station finds a MAC ID of the secondary control
channels indicating that the subscriber station is to share the
sub-packet on the packet channel, and examine each portion of the
first control channel containing information about sub-slot
positions, whereby the second control channel (CDM) channels do not
need to contain the starting sub-slot for each said subscriber
station.
39. The subscriber station according to claim 33, wherein at least
one of said second control channels comprises a block identifying a
number of the transmitted second control channels.
40. A computer readable medium encoded with computer executable
instructions, wherein the instructions are executable by a computer
processor and configured to process shared sub-packets, comprising
instructions to: decode a MAC identifier of a first control
channel; and process a sub-packet if the MAC identifier of the
first control channel indicates the sub-packet is for a subscriber
station.
41. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, wherein
said instructions to process said sub-packet if the MAC identifier
of the first control channel indicates the sub-packet is for the
subscriber station further comprise: decode remaining information
from the first control channel and process said sub-packet of a
packet channel in accordance with the information if the decoded
MAC identifier of the first control channel is identical to the
subscriber station's MAC identifier.
42. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, further
comprising instructions to: cease further processing if the MAC
identifier of said subscriber station is not identical with the
decoded MAC identifier from the first control channel; decode a
second control channel's indicator if the subscriber station's MAC
identifier is not identical with the decoded MAC identifier from
the first control channel; cease further processing if the second
control channel's indicator indicates that no second control
channel is transmitted, decode the second control channel's MAC
identifier if the second control channel's indicator indicates that
said second control channel is transmitted; cease further
processing if the MAC identifier of said subscriber station is not
identical with the second control channel's decoded MAC identifier;
and acquire the remaining information from the second control
channel and processing the sub-packet of a packet channel in
accordance with the information of the subscriber station if the
MAC identifier of said subscriber station is identical with the
second control channel's decoded MAC identifier.
43. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, further
comprising instructions to: interpret the remaining bits of the
first control channel If the MAC identifier indicates that a
sub-packet of a data channel is for the subscriber station, wherein
the remaining bits are interpreted to indicate parameters of the
shared sub-packet which comprise a number of sub-slots into which
the sub-packet is subdivided and a number of said subscriber
stations sharing the sub-packet.
44. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, further
comprising instructions to: receive signaling messages which notify
said subscriber station about Walsh codes.
45. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, wherein the
first control channel comprises MAC identifiers for each of the
subscriber stations, ARQ identifiers, sub-packet identifiers,
encoder packet sizes and a number of Walsh channels.
46. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, further
comprising instructions to: accumulate data from said first control
channel and all second control channels.
47. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, wherein a
plurality of said control channels are encoded with Walsh codes
with sequential indexes.
48. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, wherein a
plurality of said control channels comprise a partial MAC
identifier block identifying subscriber stations for which another
control channel is intended.
49. The computer readable medium according to claim 40, wherein a
plurality of said control channels are encoded with Walsh codes
with increasing indexes.
50. The computer readable medium according to claim 42, further
comprising instructions to: decode the second control channel's MAC
identifier for a next said second control channel if the MAC
identifier of the second control channel indicates that the second
control channel does not contain information for the subscriber
station; and acquire the remaining information from the next second
said control channel, and processing the sub-packet of the packet
channel, if the MAC identifier of said subscriber station is
identical with the next second said control channel's decoded MAC
said identifier.
51. The computer readable medium according to claim 46, further
comprising instructions to: tune to the secondary control channels;
examine the MAC identifiers of the secondary control channels;
cease further processing if the subscriber station fails to find a
MAC identifier of the secondary control channels indicating that
the subscriber station is to share a sub-packet; read a rest of
information and processing the sub-packet on the packet channel if
the subscriber station finds a MAC ID of the secondary control
channels indicating that the subscriber station is to share the
sub-packet on the packet channel, and examine each portion of the
first control channel containing information about sub-slot
positions, whereby the second control channel (CDM) channels do not
need to contain the starting sub-slot for each said subscriber
station.
52. The computer readable medium according to claim 46, wherein at
least one of said second control channels comprises a block
identifying a number of the transmitted second control channels.
Description
CLAIM OF PRIORITY UNDER 35 U.S.C. .sctn.120
[0001] The present application for patent is a Continuation and
claims priority to patent application Ser. No. 09/981,027 entitled
"Method and Apparatus for Processing Shared Sub-packets in a
Communication System" filed Oct. 15, 2001, now allowed, and
assigned to the assignee hereof.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Field
[0003] The present invention relates generally to communication
systems, and more specifically to a method and an apparatus for
processing shared sub-packets in a communication system.
[0004] 2. Background
[0005] Communication systems have been developed to allow
transmission of information signals from an origination station to
a physically distinct destination station. In transmitting
information signal from the origination station over a
communication channel, the information signal is first converted
into a form suitable for efficient transmission over the
communication channel. Conversion, or modulation, of the
information signal involves varying a parameter of a carrier wave
in accordance with the information signal in such a way that the
spectrum of the resulting modulated carrier is confined within the
communication channel bandwidth. At the destination station the
original information signal is replicated from the modulated
carrier wave received over the communication channel. Such a
replication is generally achieved by using an inverse of the
modulation process employed by the origination station.
[0006] Modulation also facilitates multiple-access, i.e.,
simultaneous transmission and/or reception, of several signals over
a common communication channel. Multiple-access communication
systems often include a plurality of remote subscriber units
requiring intermittent service of relatively short duration rather
than continuous access to the common communication channel. Several
multiple-access techniques are known in the art, such as time
division multiple-access (TDMA), frequency division multiple-access
(FDMA), and amplitude modulation multiple-access (AM). Another type
of a multiple-access technique is a code division multiple-access
(CDMA) spread spectrum system that conforms to the "TIA/EIA/IS-95
Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard for Dual-Mode
Wide-Band Spread Spectrum Cellular System," hereinafter referred to
as the TIA/EIA/IS-95 standard. The use of CDMA techniques in a
multiple-access communication system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
4,901,307, entitled "SPREAD SPECTRUM MULTIPLE-ACCESS COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM USING SATELLITE OR TERRESTRIAL REPEATERS," and U.S. Pat. No.
5,103,459, entitled "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING WAVEFORMS IN
A CDMA CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEM," both assigned to the assignee of
the present invention.
[0007] A multiple-access communication system may be a wireless or
wire-line and may carry voice and/or data. An example of a
communication system carrying both voice and data is a system in
accordance with the TIA/EIA/IS-95 standard, which specifies
transmitting voice and data over the communication channel. A
method for transmitting data in code channel frames of fixed size
is described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,504,773, entitled "METHOD
AND APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATTING OF DATA FOR TRANSMISSION",
assigned to the assignee of the present invention. In accordance
with the TIA/EIA/IS-95 standard, the data or voice is partitioned
into code channel frames that are 20 milliseconds wide with data
rates as high as 14.4 Kbps. Additional examples of a communication
systems carrying both voice and data comprise communication systems
conforming to the "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP),
embodied in a set of documents including Document Nos. 3G TS
25.211, 3G TS 25.212, 3G TS 25.213, and 3G TS 25.214 (the W-CDMA
standard), or "TR-45.5 Physical Layer Standard for cdma2000 Spread
Spectrum Systems" (the IS-2000 standard).
[0008] An example of a data only communication system is a high
data rate (HDR) communication system that conforms to the
TIA/EIA/TIA/EIA/IS-895 industry standard, hereinafter referred to
as the TIA/EIA/IS-895 standard. This HDR system is based on a
communication system disclosed in co-pending application Ser. No.
08/963,386, entitled "METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HIGH RATE PACKET
DATA TRANSMISSION," filed Nov. 3, 1997, assigned to the assignee of
the present invention. The HDR communication system defines a set
of data rates, ranging from 38.4 kbps to 2.4 Mbps, at which an
access point (AP) may send data to a subscriber station (access
terminal, AT). Because the AP is analogous to a base station, the
terminology with respect to cells and sectors is the same as with
respect to voice systems.
[0009] Existing voice/data communication systems generally utilize
voice traffic channels for conducting voice telephony or data
communications including small file transfer, electronic mail, and
facsimile. Consequently, the data transmission rate is limited. For
example, in the above-mentioned communication system in accordance
with the TIA/EIA/IS-95 standard provides for establishing multiple
traffic channels, each having a rate of data up to 14.4 kilobits
per second. While 14.4 kilobits per second is adequate for the
above-mentioned types of lower data rate applications, the
increasing popularity of more data intensive applications such as
worldwide web and video conferencing has created a demand for much
higher data transmission rates. The communication system in
accordance with the TIA/EIA/IS-895 standard satisfies the data rate
requirement, but allows for data transmission only. To satisfy the
demand for data transmission while retaining voice service
capability, several communication systems have been proposed.
[0010] One such a communication system is the above mentioned
communication system in accordance with the W-CDMA standard.
Another communication system is described in a proposal submitted
by LG Electronics, LSI Logic, Lucent Technologies, Nortel Networks,
QUALCOMM Incorporated, and Samsung to the 3.sup.rd Generation
Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2). The proposal is detailed in
documents entitled "Updated Joint Physical Layer Proposal for
1xEV-DV," submitted to 3GPP2 as document number C50-20010611-009,
Jun. 11, 2001, and "Updated Joint Physical Layer Proposal for
1xEV-DV," file L3NQS_Physical_Layer v09.doc, Aug. 20, 2001,
hereinafter referred to as 1xEV-DV proposal. Yet another
communication system is described in a proposal to the 3GPP2
submitted by Motorola, Nokia, Texas Instruments, and LSI Logic. The
proposal is detailed in document entitled "1XTREME Physical Layer
Specification for Integrated Data and Voice Services in cdma2000
Spread Spectrum Systems," submitted to 3GPP2 as document number
C50-20001204-021, Dec. 8, 2000.
[0011] The 1xEV-DV proposal provides an air interface between a
plurality of subscriber stations and a plurality of subscriber
stations enabling a simultaneous voice and data services. For that
purpose, the 1xEV-DV proposal defines a set of forward and reverse
channels.
[0012] The structure of a reverse channels transmitted by a base
stations is illustrated in FIG. 1. The reverse Pilot Channel, the
Dedicated Control Channel, and the Fundamental Channel remain
unchanged. The Supplemental Channel structure remains unchanged for
Radio Configurations 1 through 6. The new reverse control channels
are the Reverse Rate Indicator Channel (R-RICH), the Reverse
Channel Quality Indicator Channel (R-CQICH), and the Reverse
Acknowledgment Channel (R-ACKCH).
[0013] The structure of a forward channels transmitted by a base
stations 104(i) is illustrated in FIG. 2. The Forward Pilot
Channel, Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel, Auxiliary Pilot Channel,
Auxiliary Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel, Synch Channel, Paging
Channel, Broadcast Control Channel, Quick Paging Channel, Common
Power Control Channel, Common Assignment Channel, Dedicated Control
Channel, Forward Fundamental Channel, Forward Supplemental Channel,
and Forward Supplemental Code Channels are the same as their
counterparts in the above-mentioned IS-2000 standard. The Forward
Packet Data Channel, the optional Forward Primary Packet Data
Control Channel, and the Forward Secondary Packet Data Control
Channel are channels defined for 1xEV-DV packet data operation.
[0014] The data services are provided to a subscriber station on a
Forward Packet Data Channel (F-PDCH), which is shared by packet
data users based on time multiplexing. The F-PDCH is composed of a
number of code-division-multiplexed Walsh sub-channels. The number
of sub-channels varies in time depending on the demands of the
circuit-switched voice and data users. The F-PDCH structure is
illustrated in FIG. 3. The information bit stream 302 to be
transmitted is segmented into packets of several sizes. A 16-bit
cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is added to each packet in block 302,
and 6-bit turbo encoder tail allowance is added in block 306
yielding an encoder packet. In one embodiment, the encoder packets
are of sizes 384 bits, 768 bits, 1,536 bits, 2,304 bits, 3,072
bits, and 3,840 bits. The encoder packets are encoded by block 308.
Each encoded packet is then scrambled in blocks 310 by a scrambling
pattern generated by block 312 and interleaved by block 314. Some
or all of the interleaved symbols are then selected to form
sub-packets in block 316. Depending on the length of the
sub-packet, the sub-packet comprises 1, 2, 4, or 8 slots. In one
embodiment, the slot is 1.25 ms long. The sub-packet are QPSK,
8-PSK, or 16-QAM modulated by block 318 and demultiplexed into a
variable number of pairs (In-phase and Quadrature) of parallel
streams by block 320. Each of the parallel streams is covered with
a distinct 32-ary Walsh function by blocks 322(i). The Walsh-coded
symbols of all the streams are summed together to form a single
In-phase stream and a single Quadrature stream by block 324. The
In-phase stream and the Quadrature streams are provided to a block
326, which adjusts the channel's gain. Several forward link
channels, both data and voice are then summed in block 328,
quadtrature spread in block 330, and the resultant In-phase and
Quadrature streams are baseband filtered in block 332(i),
upconverted in blocks 334(i) and summed in block 336.
[0015] The F-PDCH is controlled by a Forward Primary Packet Data
Control Channel (F-PPDCCH) if used and by a Forward Secondary
Packet Data Control Channel (F-SPDCCH).
[0016] The F-PPDCCH is transmitted during the first slot of F-PDCH
transmissions, and carries a 2-bit field that indicates the F-PDCH
sub-packet length. One of ordinary skills in the art recognizes
that because the F-PPDCCH carries only information of the F-PDCH
sub-packet length, the use of the F-PPDCCH is optional. The
subscriber station may use other means for determining the F-PDCH
sub-packet length. Thus, for example, the subscriber station may
decode the sub-packet for all sub-packet length hypotheses, and
select the most likely one of the hypothesis.
[0017] The F-SPDCCH is transmitted over 1, 2, or 4 slots, and the
starts of the F-SPDCCH transmissions are aligned with the starts of
the corresponding F-PDCH transmissions. The F-SPDCCH carries bits
specifying a medium access control (MAC) identifier (ID), the
Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) channel ID, the encoder packet size,
and the F-PDCH sub-packet ID.
[0018] The 1xEV-DV proposal thus allows the base station to send
data to multiple mobiles only on a single slot granularity.
Furthermore, the highest sub-packet data rate that is allowed for
384-bit packets is 307.2 kbps with one slot per sub-packet. So even
when mobiles are capable of receiving higher data rates, they are
limited to at most 307.2 kbps and use at least one slot.
[0019] Similarly, the 1XTREME proposal provides an air interface
between a plurality of subscriber stations and a plurality of
subscriber stations enabling a simultaneous voice and data
services. The 1XTREME proposal uses a fixed sub-packet size of 5 ms
for the packet data channels and for the control channels
associated with the packet data channels. The packet data
sub-packets can be CDM shared, but there is no flexibility on the
duration of the data or control sub-packets. The packet data
channel is controlled with a dedicated CDM channel for each user,
called the Forward Dedicated Pointer Channel, and with a shared
control channel, called the Forward Shared Control Channel.
[0020] The fixed-duration shared packet data sub-packet and limited
control of the 1XTREME or 1xEV-DV proposals waste resources and
limits the system throughput performance. Consequently, there is a
need in the art for a method and an apparatus for improving the
throughput of the system by allowing multiple forward-link
transmissions per a slot.
SUMMARY
[0021] In one aspect of the invention, the above-stated needs are
addressed by generating a first control channel comprising an
indicator that a traffic channel is to be shared and a parameters
of a traffic channels; and generating at least one second control
channel, each of said at least one second control channel
comprising an identity of at least one subscriber station and
information enabling the subscriber station to demodulate the
traffic channel.
[0022] In another aspect of the invention, the above-stated needs
are addressed by demodulating a first control channel to determine
whether a traffic channel is to be shared; determining a number of
subscriber stations sharing a traffic channel and multiplexing of
the traffic channel in accordance with said demodulated control
channel if the traffic channel is to be shared; demodulating a
second control channel comprising identity of a subscriber station,
and information enabling a subscriber station to demodulate a
traffic channel; and demodulating the traffic channel in accordance
with said determined multiplexing and the enabling information if
the acquired identity is identical to an identity of the subscriber
station.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates a structure of a reverse channels
transmitted by a base stations;
[0024] FIG. 2 illustrates a structure of a reverse channels
transmitted by a base stations;
[0025] FIG. 3 an exemplary forward packet data channel;
[0026] FIG. 4 illustrates sub-packet structure in accordance with
one embodiment;
[0027] FIG. 5 illustrates sub-packet structure in accordance with
one embodiment;
[0028] FIG. 6 illustrates a control channel structure in accordance
with one embodiment;
[0029] FIG. 7 illustrates a control channel structure in accordance
with another embodiment;
[0030] FIG. 8 illustrates a control channel structure in accordance
with another embodiment;
[0031] FIG. 9 illustrates a CDM channel structure in accordance
with one embodiment;
[0032] FIG. 10 illustrates a control channel structure in
accordance with another embodiment;
[0033] FIG. 11 illustrates a control channel structure in
accordance with another embodiment;
[0034] FIG. 12 illustrates a control channel structure in
accordance with another embodiment; and
[0035] FIG. 13 illustrates a control channel structure in
accordance with another embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Definitions
[0036] The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean
"serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any embodiment
described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed
as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
[0037] The term packet is used exclusively herein to mean a group
of bits, including data (payload) and control elements, arranged
into a specific format. The control elements comprise, e.g., a
preamble, a quality metric, and others known to one skilled in the
art. Quality metric comprises, e.g., a cyclical redundancy check
(CRC), a parity bit, and others known to one skilled in the
art.
[0038] The term access network is used exclusively herein to mean a
collection of access points (AP) and one or more access point
controllers. The access network transports data packets between
multiple access terminals (AT). The access network may be further
connected to additional networks outside the access network, such
as a corporate intranet or the Internet, and may transport data
packets between each access terminal and such outside networks.
[0039] The term base station, referred to herein as an AP in the
case of an HDR communication system, is used exclusively herein to
mean the hardware with which subscriber stations communicate. Cell
refers to the hardware or a geographic coverage area, depending on
the context in which the term is used. A sector is a partition of a
cell. Because a sector has the attributes of a cell, the teachings
described in terms of cells are readily extended to sectors.
[0040] The term subscriber station, referred to herein as an AT in
the case of an HDR communication system, is used exclusively herein
to mean the hardware with which an access network communicates. An
AT may be mobile or stationary. An AT may be any data device that
communicates through a wireless channel or through a wired channel,
for example using fiber optic or coaxial cables. An AT may further
be any of a number of types of devices including but not limited to
PC card, compact flash, external or internal modem, or wireless or
wireline phone. An AT that is in the process of establishing an
active traffic channel connection with an AP is said to be in a
connection setup state. An AT that has established an active
traffic channel connection with an AP is called an active AT, and
is said to be in a traffic state.
[0041] The term communication channel/link is used exclusively
herein to mean a single route over which a signal is transmitted
described in terms of modulation characteristics and coding, or a
single route within the protocol layers of either the AP or the
AT.
[0042] The term reverse channel/link is used exclusively herein to
mean a communication channel/link through which the AT sends
signals to the AP.
[0043] A forward channel/link is used exclusively herein to mean a
communication channel/link through which an AP sends signals to an
AT.
[0044] The term soft hand-off is used exclusively herein to mean a
communication between a subscriber station and two or more sectors,
wherein each sector belongs to a different cell. In the context of
TIA/EIA/IS-95 standard, the reverse link communication is received
by both sectors, and the forward link communication is
simultaneously carried on the two or more sectors' forward links.
In the context of the TIA/EIA/IS-895 standard, data transmission on
the forward link is non-simultaneously carried out between one of
the two or more sectors and the AT.
[0045] The term softer hand-off is used exclusively herein to mean
a communication between a subscriber station and two or more
sectors, wherein each sector belongs to the same cell. In the
context of the TIA/EIA/IS-95 standard, the reverse link
communication is received by both sectors, and the forward link
communication is simultaneously carried on one of the two or more
sectors' forward links. In the context of the TIA/EIA/IS-895
standard, data transmission on the forward link is
non-simultaneously carried out between one of the two or more
sectors and the AT.
[0046] The term re-pointing is used exclusively herein to mean a
selection of a sector that is a member of an ATs' active list,
wherein the sector is different than a currently selected
sector.
[0047] The term soft/softer hand-off delay is used exclusively
herein to indicate the minimum interruption in service that a
subscriber station would experience following a handoff to another
sector. Soft/Softer handoff delay is determined based on whether
the sector, (currently not serving the subscriber station),
(non-serving sector) to which the subscriber station is re-pointing
is part of the same cell as the current serving sector. If the
non-serving sector is in the same cell as the serving sector then
the softer handoff delay is used, and if the non-serving sector is
in a cell different from the one that the serving sector is part of
then the soft-handoff delay is used.
[0048] The term non-homogenous soft/softer hand-off delay is used
exclusively herein to indicate that the soft/softer hand-off delays
are sector specific and therefore may not uniform across the
sectors of an Access Network.
[0049] The term credit is used exclusively herein to mean a
dimensionless attribute indicating a quality metric of a reverse
link, a quality metric of a forward link, or a composite quality
metric of both forward and reverse links.
[0050] The term erasure is used exclusively herein to mean failure
to recognize a message.
[0051] The term outage is used exclusively herein to mean a time
interval during which the likelihood that a subscriber station will
receive service is reduced.
[0052] The term fixed rate mode is used exclusively herein to mean
that a particular sector transmits a Forward Traffic Channel to the
AT at one particular rate.
DESCRIPTION
[0053] The present invention utilizes the sub-packet structure as
defined in the 1xEV-DV proposal, but further divides the sub-packet
granularity. Throughout the following description, the channels are
discussed in terms of structure required for understanding the
concept of the invention. Consequently, one of ordinary skills in
the art appreciates that the channel structure may contain
additional elements required for transmission, e.g., CRC, encoder
tail bits, and other blocks known to one of ordinary skills in the
art.
[0054] FIG. 4 illustrates sub-packet structure in accordance with
one embodiment. The sub-packet 400 comprises one or more slots
402(i). Each of the slots 402(i) is further time-divided into
sub-slots 404(i). (Only one slot sub-division is shown.) In one
embodiment, there are 2, 4 or 8 equal sub-slots 404(i). However,
one skilled in the art understands that the sub division is an
implementation choice and other sub-divisions are within the scope
of the invention. The data to a subscriber station are provided in
one or more of the sub-slots 404(i). Each subscriber station can
use a number of sub-slots 404(i), and the number of sub-slots for
each of the subscriber station utilizing each of the sub-packets
402(i) can be different.
[0055] In accordance with another embodiment, illustrated in FIG.
5, the slot(s) 502(i) of the sub-packet 500 contain data for
several subscriber stations. Data from all the slots 502(i) of the
sub-packet 500 for a particular mobile are sent using one or more
of the available Walsh channels. As illustrated in FIG. 5, slots
402(1)-402(n) contain data encoded by Walsh codes 504(1)-504(m),
therefore, carry data for m subscriber stations. Consequently, the
number of subscriber stations receiving information concurrently
may be changed on a sub-packet to sub-packet basis.
Control Structures
[0056] Due to the variability of the structure of the F-PDCH as
described above, a subscriber station must be provided with
information enabling the subscriber station to demodulate the
F-PDCH. In one embodiment utilizing the code-division of the
sub-packets, the existing structures of the F-PPDCCH and the
F-SPDCCH can be utilized. One skilled in the art appreciates that
although the following description describes modifications of the
F-PPDCCH and the F-SPDCCH, this is for tutorial purposes only, and
new channels in accordance with the described embodiments can be
defined. Additional information is carried on one or more new
channels.
[0057] FIG. 6 illustrates a control channel structure in accordance
with one embodiment, comprising the F-PPDCCH 600, the F-SPDCCH 602,
and one CDM control channel 608(i) for each of the subscriber
stations sharing the sub-packet. The F-PPDCCH 600 is utilized as
defined in the 1xEV-DV proposal. One of ordinary skills in the art
recognizes that because the F-PPDCCH carries only information about
the F-PDCH sub-packet length, the use of the F-PPDCCH is optional.
The subscriber station may use other means for determining the
F-PDCH sub-packet length. Thus, for example, the subscriber station
may decode the sub-packet for all sub-packet length hypotheses, and
select the most likely one of the hypothesis.
[0058] Similarly, the F-SPDCCH 602 is utilized as defined in the
1xEV-DV proposal with the following modification. One of the values
of the MAC ID of block 604 is reserved to identify that a
sub-packet of the F-PDCH is to be shared. In accordance with one
embodiment, the MAC ID value identifies that the sub-packet is to
be shared is all ones. Because all the subscriber stations for
which the shared sub-packets are intended must reliably receive the
information content of channel 602, channel 602 is transmitted at
power determined by the power requirement of the subscriber
station, for which the control channel 602 is intended, with the
worst forward link quality metric. Upon receiving the channel 602,
each of the subscriber stations demodulates and decodes the MAC ID
of block 604. If the MAC ID indicates that the sub-packet is for
one of the subscriber stations, the identified subscriber station
processes the sub-packet in accordance with the procedures outlined
in the 1xEV-DV proposal.
[0059] If the MAC ID indicates that the sub-packet is to be shared,
the remaining bits of block 606 are interpreted to indicate
parameters of the shared sub-packet. The parameters comprise a
number of subscriber stations sharing the sub-packet. Consequently,
each of the subscriber stations acquires this information, and then
starts receiving the CDM channels 608(i). Because each of the CDM
channels 608(i) is modulated by a Walsh code, the subscriber
stations need to know these Walsh codes. In one embodiment,
pre-determined Walsh codes are reserved for the CDM channels
608(i). In another embodiment, the subscriber stations are notified
about the Walsh codes by signaling messages. Only the number of CDM
channels 608(i) equal to the number of subscriber stations sharing
the sub-packet is transmitted, and the transmission occurs only
when the sub-packet is shared. In one embodiment, the CDM channels
608(i) are transmitted concurrently, consequently, each of the
subscriber stations accumulates data from all the CDM channels
608(i), and then post processes the accumulated data. Because each
of the CDM channels 608(i) is intended for one of the subscriber
stations and the base station has an information about the
subscriber station forward link quality metric, the base station
transmits each of the CDM channels 608(i) at the minimum power
determined by power requirement of the subscriber station.
[0060] Each of the CDM channels 608(i) comprises information
enabling the subscriber station to determine which of the CDM
channels 608(i) is intended for the subscriber station and
information enabling the subscriber station to demodulate the
F-PDCH. The information enabling the subscriber station to
determine which of the CDM channels 608(i) is intended for the
subscriber station comprises a MAC ID 610(i). The information
enabling the subscriber station to demodulate the F-PDCH comprises
an ARQ ID 612(i), a sub-packet ID 616(i), a packet size 618(i), and
a number of Walsh channels used 620(i). In one embodiment, the
current F-PDCCH coding and modulation is used for each of the CDM
channels 608(i). During the post processing, each of the subscriber
stations demodulates the MAC ID 610(i) of a CDM channel 608(i). If
the MAC ID 610(i) indicates that the CDM channel 608(i) does not
contain information for the subscriber station, the subscriber
station ceases further post processing of the channel and repeats
the procedure for the next CDM channel 608(i+1). If a subscriber
demodulates a MAC ID 610(i) indicating that the CDM channel 608(i)
contains information for the subscriber station, the subscriber
station demodulates the remaining information, and processes the
sub-packet on the F-PDCH in accordance to the gathered
information.
[0061] In another embodiment utilizing the code-division of the
sub-packets, the information is provided on the F-PPDCCH, the
F-SPDCCH, and one CDM channel for all the subscriber stations
sharing the sub-packet. Consequently, the F-PPDCCH and the F-SPDCCH
have the structure as described with reference to FIG. 6. The
structure of the CDM channel carries the information enabling each
of the subscriber stations to demodulate the F-PDCH. The
information for all the subscriber stations is time multiplexed and
then encoded and modulated. Consequently, the CDM channel comprises
concatenation of the CDM channels 608(i) as described in FIG. 6. In
one embodiment, the current F-SPDCCH coding and modulation is used
for the CDM channel. Consequently, the method of acquiring the
information is the same as described above, with the exception that
all the subscriber stations demodulate and decode the whole
information carried on the CDM channel. The subscriber station then
examines the MAC IDs. If the subscriber station fails to find a MAC
ID indicating that the subscriber station is to share the
sub-packet, the subscriber station ceases further processing. If a
subscriber finds a MAC ID indicating that the following portion of
the CDM channel contains information for the subscriber station,
the subscriber station demodulates the information, and processes
the sub-packet on the F-PDCH in accordance with the gathered
information.
[0062] One of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that limiting
number of subscriber station sharing the sub-packet yields further
simplification of the above-described embodiments. Consequently, in
one embodiment allowing only two subscriber station to share the
sub-packet, the existing structure of the F-PPDCCH and a modified
structure of the F-SPDCCH can be utilized. Thus, there is no need
for an additional control channel.
[0063] The F-PPDCCH is utilized as defined in the 1xEV-DV proposal.
One of ordinary skills in the art recognizes that because the
F-PPDCCH carries only information about the F-PDCH sub-packet
length, the use of the F-PPDCCH is optional. The subscriber station
may use other means for determining the F-PDCH sub-packet length.
Thus, for example, the subscriber station may decode the sub-packet
for all sub-packet length hypotheses, and select the most likely
one of the hypothesis.
[0064] FIG. 7 illustrates a structure of the modified F-SPDCCH 700.
The modified F-SPDCCH 700 comprises information enabling the two
subscriber stations to demodulate the F-PDCH. Therefore, the
F-SPDCCH 700 comprises and MAC IDs for each subscriber stations
702(1), 702(2), ARQ IDs 702(1), 704(2), sub-packet IDs 706(1),
706(2), encoder packet sizes 708(1), 708(2), and number of Walsh
channels used 710(1), 710(2). The structure can be further
simplified if the second subscriber station is assumed to use a
number of Walsh channels less than or equal to the number of Walsh
channels of the second subscriber station. Then the modified
F-SPDCCH 700 comprises only one of the blocks 710(1), 710(2).
[0065] Because all the subscriber stations intended to share the
sub-packet must reliably receive the modified F-SPDCCH 700, the
modified F-SPDCCH 700 is transmitted at a power determined by the
power requirement of the subscriber station with the worst forward
link quality metric for which the modified F-SPDCCH 700 is
intended. Upon receiving the modified F-SPDCCH 700, each of the
subscriber stations demodulates the modified F-SPDCCH 700 and
decodes the MAC IDs in the blocks 702(1), 702(1). If the MAC ID of
the subscriber station is identical to either of the decoded MAC
IDs, the subscriber station acquires the remaining information from
the modified F-SPDCCH 700, and processes the sub-packet of the
F-PDCH in accordance with the information.
[0066] The modified F-SPDCCH 700 is transmitted even if the F-PDCH
is intended for only one subscriber station. In this case, the MAC
ID 702(2), is identical to the MAC ID 702(1). Consequently, the
subscriber stations ignore the interpretation of block 704(2) as
ARQ ID, 706(2) as sub-packet ID, 708(2) as encoder packet size, and
710(2) as number of Walsh channels used 710(1). Consequently, these
blocks can be used for any additional information. The subscriber a
MAC ID of which is identical to the decoded MAC ID acquires the
remaining information from the modified F-SPDCCH 700, and processes
the sub-packet of the F-PDCH in accordance with procedures outlined
in the 1xEV-DV proposal.
[0067] In accordance with another embodiment, the existing
structures of the F-PPDCCH and the F-SPDCCH can be utilized. The
F-PPDCCH is utilized as defined in the 1xEV-DV proposal. One of
ordinary skills in the art recognizes that because the F-PPDCCH
carries only information about the F-PDCH sub-packet length, the
use of the F-PPDCCH is optional. The subscriber station may use
other means for determining the F-PDCH sub-packet length. Thus, for
example, the subscriber station may decode the sub-packet for all
sub-packet length hypotheses, and select the most likely one of the
hypothesis. The F-SPDCCH comprises information enabling one of the
two subscriber stations to demodulate the F-PDCH and an indicator
to specify whether another CDM control channel is transmitted. The
CDM control channel comprises information enabling one subscriber
station to demodulate the F-PDCH.
[0068] FIG. 8 illustrates a control channel structure the F-SPDCCH
800, and the CDM control channel 802. The F-SPDCCH 800 comprises an
MAC ID 804, ARQ ID 806, sub-packet ID 808, encoder packet size 810,
and numbers of Walsh channels used 812 for one of the possible two
shared channels, and the a CDM indicator 814.
[0069] The CDM channel 802 comprises an MAC ID 816, ARQ ID 818,
sub-packet ID 820, encoder packet size 822, and number of Walsh
channels used 824 for the second shared channel if it is used. If
the F-PDCH sub-packet is not shared, the CDM channel 802 is not
transmitted for that sub-packet
[0070] In one embodiment, the F-SPDCCH 800 and, if used, the CDM
control channel 802 are transmitted concurrently. Because the
subscriber stations do not know, whether the CDM control channel
802 is transmitted or not, each of the subscriber stations
accumulates data from both the F-SPDCCH 800 and all the CDM channel
802, and then post processes the accumulated data. Because both
subscriber stations to share the sub-packet must reliably receive
the F-SPDCCH 800, the F-SPDCCH 800 is transmitted at a power
determined by power requirement of the subscriber station with the
worst forward link quality metric fro which the F-SPDCCH 800 is
intended. Because the CDM control channel 802 is intended for one
of the subscriber stations and the base station has an information
about the subscriber station's forward link quality metric, the
base station transmits the CDM control channel 802 at the minimum
power determined by power requirement of the subscriber
station.
[0071] Upon receiving the modified F-SPDCCH 800, each of the
subscriber stations decodes the MAC ID 802. If the decoded MAC ID
is identical to the subscriber station's MAC ID, the subscriber
station decodes the remaining information from the F-SPDCCH 800,
and processes the sub-packet of the F-PDCH in accordance with the
information.
[0072] The subscriber stations, MAC IDs of which are not identical
with the decoded MAC ID, decode the CDM indicator 814. If the CDM
indicator X214 indicates that no CDM control channel 802 is
transmitted, the subscriber stations cease further processing;
otherwise the subscriber stations decode the MAC ID 816. The
subscriber station, a MAC ID of which is identical with the decoded
MAC ID acquires the remaining information from the CDM control
channel 802, and processes the sub-packet of the F-PDCH in
accordance with the information. The subscriber stations, MAC IDs
of which are not identical with the decoded MAC ID cease further
processing.
[0073] In another embodiment utilizing the time-division of the
F-PDCH sub-packets, the control information is provided on the
F-PPDCCH, the F-SPDCCH, and one CDM channel for each of the
subscriber stations sharing the sub-packet.
[0074] The function and the structure of the F-PPDCCH is identical
to the function and the structure of the F-PPDCCH as described
above with regards to the CDM based F-PDCH sub-packet sharing.
[0075] Similarly, the function and the structure of the F-PSDCCH is
identical to the function and the structure of the F-PSDCCH as
described above with regards to the CDM based sub-packet sharing
with the following modification. If the MAC ID indicates that a
sub-packet of the F-PDCH is to be shared, the remaining bits of the
F-SPDCCH are interpreted to indicate parameters of the shared
sub-packet, which comprise number of sub-slots into which the
sub-packet is subdivided and the number of subscriber stations
sharing the sub-packet. Consequently, each of the subscriber
stations demodulates the modified F-SPDCCH and decodes the MAC ID.
If the MAC ID indicates that the sub-packet is for the subscriber
station, the identified subscriber station processes the sub-packet
in accordance to procedures outlined in the 1xEV-DV proposal.
[0076] If the MAC ID indicates that the sub-packet is to be shared,
the subscriber stations will use the remaining bits of the F-SPDCCH
to determine the number of sub-slots into which the sub-packet is
subdivided and the number of subscriber stations sharing the
sub-packet. Consequently, each of the subscriber stations acquires
this information, and then starts receiving the TDM channels
900(i), as illustrated in FIG. 9. Because each of the CDM channels
900(i) is modulated by a Walsh code, the subscriber stations need
to know these Walsh codes. In one embodiment, pre-determined Walsh
codes are reserved for the CDM channels 900(i). In another
embodiment, the subscriber stations is notified about the Walsh
codes by signaling messages. Only the number of CDM channels 900(i)
equal to the number of subscriber stations sharing the sub-packet
is transmitted, and the transmission occurs only when the
sub-packet is shared. In one embodiment, the CDM channels 900(i)
are transmitted concurrently, consequently, each of the subscriber
stations accumulates data from all the TDM channels 900(i), and
then post processes the accumulated data. Because each of the CDM
control channels 900(i) for the TDM-shared F-PDCH is intended for
one of the subscriber stations and the base station has a
information about the subscriber station forward link quality
metric, the base station transmits each of the CDM control channels
900(i) at just enough power to reach the intended subscriber
station reliably.
[0077] Each of the CDM control channels 900(i) comprises
information enabling the subscriber station to determine which of
the CDM channels 900(i) is intended for the subscriber station and
information enabling the subscriber station to demodulate a F-PDCH.
The information enabling the subscriber station to determine which
of the CDM channels 900(i) is intended for the subscriber station
comprises a MAC ID 902(i). The information enabling the subscriber
station to demodulate the F-PDCH comprises an ARQ ID 904(i), a
sub-packet ID 906(i), a format of the shared sub-packet 908(i), and
a starting sub-slot 910(i) for each of the mobiles. In one
embodiment, the current F-PDCCH coding and modulation is used for
each of the CDM channels 900(i). During the post processing, each
of the subscriber stations demodulates the MAC ID 902(i) of a
control channel 900(i). If the MAC ID 902(i) indicates that the
control channel 900(i) does not contain information for the
subscriber station, the subscriber station ceases further post
processing of the channel and repeats the procedure for the next
control channel 900(i+1). If a subscriber demodulates a MAC ID
902(i) indicating that the control channel 900(i) contains
information for the subscriber station, the subscriber station
reads the remaining information, and processes the sub-packet on
the F-PDCH in accordance to the gathered information.
[0078] In another embodiment utilizing the time-division of the
slots, the information is provided on the F-PPDCCH, the F-SPDCCH,
and one TDM channel for all the subscriber stations sharing the
sub-packet. The TDM channel is modulated by the information
enabling each of the subscriber stations to demodulate the F-PDCH.
The information for all the subscriber station is time multiplexed
and then encoded and modulated. Consequently, the CDM channel
comprises concatenation of the CDM channels 900(i) as described in
FIG. 9. In one embodiment, the current F-SPDCCH coding and
modulation is used for the CDM channel. Consequently, the method of
acquiring the information is the same as described above, with the
exception that all the subscriber stations tune to the CDM channel,
demodulate and decode the whole information. The subscriber station
then examines the MAC IDs. If the subscriber station fails to find
a MAC ID indicating that the subscriber station is to share the
sub-packet, the subscriber station ceases further processing. If a
subscriber finds a MAC ID indicating that the following portion of
the CDM channel contains information for the subscriber station,
the subscriber station reads the rest of the information, and
processes the sub-packet on the F-PDCH in accordance to the
gathered information. Furthermore, each of the subscriber stations
examines each portion of the F-SPDCCH containing the information
about sub-slot positions. Consequently, the CDM channel does not
need to contain the starting sub-slot for each subscriber station
because the subscriber stations have acquired the information on
the duration of sub-slots intended for the other subscriber
stations.
[0079] The control channels' structure in accordance with another
embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 10. Control channel 1002
comprises an indication of a number of control channels 1008(i) in
block 1004. Furthermore, each of blocks 1006(i) identifies a MAC ID
of a subscriber station for which information is sent on a F-PDCH.
To receive the control channel 1002 the subscriber stations must
know modulation parameters of the control channel 1002. In one
embodiment, the modulation parameters are pre-determined. In
another embodiment, the modulation parameters are provided to the
subscriber stations by signaling messages. Because all subscriber
stations must reliably receive the control channel 1002, the
control channel 1002 is transmitted at power determined by a power
requirement of the subscriber station with the worst forward link
quality metric. Upon receiving the control channel 1002, each of
the subscriber stations demodulates and decodes the control channel
1002. Each of the subscriber stations with MAC ID identical to the
MAC IDs acquired from block 1006(i) then acquires one of the
control channel 1008(i). Consequently, the number of the
transmitted control channels 1008(i) is equal to the number of MAC
IDs in the channel 1002. The subscriber stations with MAC IDs
different from the MAC IDs acquired from block 1006(i) cease
further control channel processing.
[0080] Each of the additional control channels 1008(i) comprises
information enabling a subscriber station identified by one of the
MAC IDs to demodulate the F-PDCH. Therefore, in one embodiment,
each of the control channels comprises an ARQ channel ID, the
encoder packet size, and the F-PDCH sub-packet ID, as well as
information for sub-packet TDM/CDM sharing as described above.
[0081] To acquire information enabling the subscriber station
identified by one of the MAC IDs in control channel 1002 to
demodulate the F-PDCH, there must exist a relationship between the
subscriber station MAC ID and the control channel 1008(i)
comprising the information for the subscriber station. In one
embodiment, the relationship is determined by a position of the
blocks 1006(i) within the channel 1002, and an index of the Walsh
code encoding the control channel 1008(i). Thus, for example
increasing order of MAC ID position in the control channel 1002
means increasing index of the Walsh code encoding the control
channel 1008(i). The relationship between the control channel's
Walsh code and a MAC ID may be pre-determined or changeable by
signaling messages. However, one of ordinary skills in the art
appreciates that other relationships are within the scope of the
invention. Because each of the additional control channel 1008(i)
is intended for one of the subscriber stations and the base station
has an information about the subscriber station forward link
quality metric, the base station transmits each of the channels
1008(i) at the minimum power determined by power requirement of the
subscriber station.
[0082] Once a subscriber station demodulates the appropriate
control channel 1008(i), the subscriber station decodes the
information enabling the demodulation of the F-PDCH, and processes
the sub-packet on the F-PDCH in accordance to the gathered
information.
[0083] The control channel(s) structure in accordance with another
embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 11. Each of the control channels
1102(i) contains all the information a subscriber station needs to
decode the F-PDCH. Therefore, in one embodiment, each of the
channels 1102(i) comprises a MAC ID block 1104, an ARQ channel ID
block 1106, the encoder packet size block 1108, and the F-PDCH
sub-packet ID block 1110, as well as information for sub-packet
TDM/CDM sharing as described above, collectively identified as
block 1112. Because each of the control channels 1102(i) is
intended for one of the subscriber stations and the base station
has an information about the subscriber station forward link
quality metric, the base station transmits each of the channels
1108(i) at the minimum power determined by power requirement of the
subscriber station.
[0084] To receive the control channels 1102(i) the subscriber
stations must know modulation parameters of the control channels
1102(i). In one embodiment, the modulation parameters and the
number of possible control channels are pre-determined. In one
embodiment, the modulation parameters comprise different Walsh
codes. Because in accordance with the embodiment, there is no
relationship between one subscriber station and one control channel
1102(i), the subscriber stations must demodulate all the control
channels 1102(i). Although a number of transmitted control channels
1102(i) is equal to a number of subscriber stations for which
information is send on a F-PDCH because the number of subscriber
stations may change in accordance with the granularity of the
F-PDCH as described above, the number of transmitted control
channels 1102(i) changes.
[0085] In one embodiment, the control channels 1108(i) are
transmitted concurrently, consequently, each of the subscriber
stations accumulates data for all the channels 1108(i), and then
post processes the accumulated data. During the post processing,
each of the subscriber stations demodulates one of the control
channels 1102(i) and decodes a MAC ID of block 1104(i). The
subscriber station with MAC ID identical to the MAC ID of block
1104(i) demodulates the remaining information, and processes the
sub-packet on the F-PDCH in accordance to the gathered information.
If the MAC ID of block 1104(i) indicates that the channel 1108(i)
does not contain information for the subscriber station, the
subscriber station ceases further post processing of the channel
and repeats the procedure for the next channel 1108(i). Because as
discussed, the subscriber station does not have information about
the number of transmitted control channels 1108(i), unless the
subscriber station finds a MAC ID indicating that the channel
1108(i) contains information for the subscriber station, the
subscriber station must attempt to demodulate all possible control
channels 1108(i).
[0086] The control channel(s) structure in accordance with another
embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 12. Each of the control channels
1202(i) contains all the information a subscriber station needs to
decode the F-PDCH. Therefore, in one embodiment, each of the
channels 1202(i) comprises a MAC ID block 1204, an ARQ channel ID
block 1206, the encoder packet size block 1208, and the F-PDCH
sub-packet ID block 1210, as well as information for sub-packet
TDM/CDM sharing as described above, collectively identified as
block 1212. In addition, one of the control channels 1202(i), e.g.,
control channel 1202(1) comprises a block 1214, which identifies
number of transmitted control channels 1202(i). Because it is
desirable that all subscriber stations receive reliably the
information content of the control channel 1202(1), in one
embodiment the control channel 1202(1) is transmitted at power
determined by power requirement of the subscriber station with the
worst forward link quality metric. Because each of the control
channels 1202(2)-1202(m) is intended for one of the subscriber
stations and the base station has an information about the
subscriber station forward link quality metric, the base station
transmits each of the channels 1202(2)-1202(m) at the minimum power
determined by power requirement of the subscriber station.
[0087] To receive the control channels 1202(i) the subscriber
stations must know modulation parameters of the control channels
1202(i). In one embodiment, the modulation parameters and the
number of possible control channels are pre-determined.
Furthermore, there exists a relationship between the control
channels 1202(i) and the modulation parameters. In one embodiment,
the modulation parameters comprise different Walsh codes, and the
transmitted control channels 1202(i) are encoded by Walsh codes
with sequential indexes. However, one of ordinary skill in the art
appreciates that other relationships are within the scope of the
invention. Because in accordance with the embodiment, there is no
relationship between one subscriber station and one control channel
1202(i), the subscriber stations must demodulate all the
transmitted control channels 1202(i). Although a number of
transmitted control channels 1202(i) is equal to a number of
subscriber stations for which information is send on a F-PDCH
because the number of subscriber stations may change in accordance
with the granularity of the F-PDCH as described above, the number
of transmitted control channels 1202(i) changes.
[0088] In one embodiment, the channels 1202(i) are transmitted
concurrently, consequently, each of the subscriber stations
accumulates data from all the channels 1202(i), and then post
processes the accumulated data. During the post processing, each of
the subscriber stations first demodulates the control channel
1202(1) and decodes a MAC ID of block 1204. The subscriber station
with MAC ID identical to the MAC ID of block 1204 decodes the
remaining information, and processes the sub-packet on the F-PDCH
in accordance with the gathered information. The subscriber
stations whose MAC IDs are not identical to the MAC ID of block
1204 decode the number of transmitted control channels 1202(i) of
block 1214, cease further post processing of the control channel
1202(1), and repeat the procedure for the next channel 1208(i).
Therefore, the subscriber stations have information about the
number of transmitted control channels 1208(i). Because as
discussed there exists a relationship between the number of
transmitted control channels 1208(i), unless the subscriber station
finds a MAC ID indicating that the channel 1208(i) contains
information for the subscriber station, the subscriber station
attempts to demodulate only the transmitted channels 1208(i).
[0089] The control channel structure in accordance with another
embodiment is identical to the control channel structure as
illustrated in FIG. 12, with the exception of the relationship
between the control channels 1202(i) and the modulation parameters.
As explained above, it is desirable that all subscriber stations
receive reliably the information content of the control channel
1202(1), in one embodiment the control channel 1202(1) is
transmitted at power determined by power requirement of the
subscriber station with the worst forward link quality metric.
Furthermore, each of the control channels 1202(2)-1202(m) is
intended for one of the subscriber stations and the base station
has an information about the subscriber station forward link
quality metric, consequently, the base station transmits each of
the channels 1202(2)-1202(m) at the minimum power determined by
power requirement of the subscriber station. The transmitted
control channels 1202(i) are ordered in accordance with the
transmit power, and are modulated by an ordered set of modulation
parameters. In one embodiment, the modulation parameters comprise
different Walsh codes, and the control channel 1202(i) are encoded
by Walsh codes with increasing indexes in relation to the
increasing transmit power. However, one of ordinary skills in the
art appreciates that other relationships are within the scope of
the invention.
[0090] In one embodiment, the channels 1202(i) are transmitted
concurrently, consequently, each of the subscriber stations
accumulates data from all the channels 1202(i), and then post
processes the accumulated data. During the post processing, each of
the subscriber stations first demodulates the control channel
1202(1) and decodes a MAC ID of block 1204. The subscriber station
with MAC ID identical to the MAC ID of block 1204 decodes the
remaining information, and processes the sub-packet on the F-PDCH
in accordance with the gathered information.
[0091] The subscriber stations whose MAC IDs are not identical to
the MAC ID of block 1204 decode the number of transmitted control
channels 1202(i) of block 1214, cease further post processing of
the control channel 1202(1), and determine the control channel
1202(2)-1202(m) to be demodulated next. Because of the
above-described relationship between the control channel's 1202(i)
power and index of the Walsh code by which the control channel's
1202(i) is encoded, when a subscriber station attempts to decode
one of the control channels 1202(2)-1202(m) and the decoding fails,
then the subscriber station knows that decoding of any of the
channels 1202(2)-1202(m) sent at lower power is likely to fail too.
Consequently, the subscriber station next attempts to decode one of
the control channels 1202(2)-1202(m) sent at a higher power.
Therefore, one of ordinary skills in the art appreciates that any
determination method based on ordered set may be used.
[0092] For example, in accordance with one embodiment, the
determination method may utilize binary search method. If the
subscriber station experiences the forward link with a good quality
metric, the subscriber station demodulates the control channel with
the lowest power 1202(m), thus encoded by Walsh code with the
highest index m. If the decoding fails, the subscriber station
repeats the process with the control channel with the medium power
1202(m/2), thus encoded by Walsh code with the index m/2. If the
decoding is successful, but the MAC ID indicates that the control
channel 1202(m/2) does not contain information for the subscriber
station, the subscriber station repeats the process with a control
channel between 1202(m/2) and 1202(m). The method is repeated until
the subscriber station exhaust all the control channels between
1202(m/2) and 1202(m), or finds a control channel 1202(i) with MAC
ID indicating that the control channel 1202(i) is intended for the
subscriber station.
[0093] In another embodiment, the subscriber station whose MAC ID
is not identical to the MAC ID of block 1204 measure the power of
the control channel 1202(i) from the range 1202(2)-1202(m). If the
measured power is higher than the power required by the subscriber
station, the control channel 1202(i) containing the information for
the subscriber station is likely in the range 1202(i)-1202(m). The
subscriber station can continue measuring the power, using any
determination method, e.g., the above-described binary search or
select a control channel from the determined range and attempt a
demodulation.
[0094] The control channel structure in accordance with another
embodiment is identical to the control channel structure as
illustrated in FIG. 12, with the exception of the relationship
between the control channels 1202(i) and the modulation parameters.
In accordance with the embodiment, the transmitted control channels
1202(i) are ordered in accordance with the value of MAC IDs in
block 1204, and are modulated by an ordered set of modulation
parameters. In one embodiment, the modulation parameters comprise
different Walsh codes, and the control channel 1202(i) are encoded
by Walsh codes with increasing indexes in relation to the
increasing value of MAC IDs in block 1204. However, one of ordinary
skills in the art appreciates that other relationships are within
the scope of the invention.
[0095] Consequently, a subscriber station may use ant determination
method applicable for ordered set, e.g., one of the above-described
methods.
[0096] The control channel(s) structure in accordance with another
embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 13. Each of the control channels
1302(i) contains all the information a subscriber station needs to
decode the F-PDCH. Therefore, in one embodiment, each of the
channels 1302(i) comprises a MAC ID block 1306(i) identifying a
subscriber station for which the channel 1302(i) is intended, a
partial MAC ID block 1308(i) identifying subscriber stations for
which another control channel 1302(i) is intended, and information
block 1310(i), enabling a subscriber station identified by the MAC
ID of block 1306(i) to demodulate the F-PDCH. In addition, one of
the control channels 1302(i), e.g., a control channel 1302(1)
comprises a block 1304 identifying number of control channels
1302(i). The identification of partial MAC ID is an implementation
issue. In one embodiment, the MAC ID is expressed as an 8-bit
number. Therefore, a subset of the bits identifies a partial MAC
ID. In one embodiment, the subset comprises the most significant
bits of a MAC ID.
[0097] To receive the control channels 1302(i) the subscriber
stations must know modulation parameters of the control channels
1302(i). In one embodiment, the modulation parameters and the
number of possible control channels are pre-determined. In one
embodiment, the modulation parameters comprise different Walsh
codes. However, one of ordinary skills in the art appreciates that
other relationships are within the scope of the invention.
Furthermore, there exists a relationship between the control
channels 1302(2)-1302(m) and the partial MAC IDs. The relationship
is determined by a method the subscriber stations with MAC ID
matching the partial MAC ID a control channel 1302(i) use to select
the next control channel 1302(i) to demodulate. One of ordinary
skills in the art appreciates that such a method, consequently, the
relationships is an implementation issue. In accordance with one
embodiment, the partial MAC ID from block 1308(i) of channel
1302(i) identifies a control channel 1302(m-i-1).
[0098] Because all subscriber stations must reliably receive the
control channel 1302(1), the control channel 1302(1) is transmitted
at power determined by power requirement of the subscriber station
with the worst forward link quality metric. Because each of the
control channel 1302(2)-1302(m) is intended for one of the
subscriber stations and the base station has an information about
the subscriber station forward link quality metric, the base
station transmits each of the channels 1308(i) at the minimum power
determined by power requirement of the subscriber station.
[0099] In one embodiment, the channels 1302(i) are transmitted
concurrently, consequently, each of the subscriber stations
accumulates data from all the channels 1202(i), and then post
processes the accumulated data. During the post processing, each of
the subscriber stations first demodulates the control channel
1202(1) and decodes a MAC ID of block 1306(1). The subscriber
station with MAC ID identical to the MAC ID of block 1306(1)
decodes the remaining information, and processes the sub-packet on
the F-PDCH in accordance with the gathered information.
[0100] If the block 1304 indicates that there are no additional
control channels 1302(i), the determination method ends.
[0101] If the block 1304 indicates that there are m additional
control channels 1118(i), the determination proceeds as
follows.
[0102] The subscriber stations with MAC ID matching the partial MAC
ID of block 1108(1) demodulate and decode the control channel
1302(m), to acquire the MAC ID of block 1306(m). The subscriber
station with MAC ID identical to the MAC ID of block 1306(m)
demodulates and decodes the remaining information of the control
channel 1302(m), and processes the sub-packet on the F-PDCH in
accordance to the gathered information. The subscriber station with
MAC ID not matching the MAC ID of block 1316(m) demodulates the
next control channel 1302(2) as described below. Since the
subscriber station has already processed the control channel
1302(m), the subscriber station continuing processing and
encountering control channel 1302(m) can cease further
processing.
[0103] The subscriber stations with MAC ID not matching the partial
MAC ID of block 1308(1) demodulate the next control channel
1302(i), i.e., the control channel 1302(2). The subscriber station
with MAC ID identical to the MAC ID of block 1316(2) decodes the
remaining information of the control channel 1302(2), and processes
the sub-packet on the F-PDCH in accordance to the gathered
information. The subscriber stations with MAC ID matching the
partial MAC ID of block 1318(2) follow the processing as outlined
with respect to MAC ID in block 1308. (Thus, the subscriber
stations demodulate and decode the control channel 1318(m-1), to
acquire the MAC ID of block 1314(m-1)).
[0104] The method is repeated until the subscriber station exhaust
all the control channels 1302(i), or finds a control channel
1302(i) with MAC ID indicating that the control channel 1302(i) is
intended for the subscriber station.
Code Channel Assignment Signaling
[0105] As discussed, the control channel structure of the invention
may utilize the control channels of the 1xEV-DV proposal, according
to the above-described embodiment. Consequently, the control
channel structure of the invention must preserve or improve the
functionality of the control channels of the 1xEV-DV proposal.
[0106] In accordance to the 1xEV-DV proposal, the F-PDCH sub-packet
de-multiplexed into a variable number of pairs (In-phase and
Quadrature) of parallel streams, and each of the parallel streams
is covered with a distinct 32-ary Walsh code. The F-PDCH Walsh
codes are assigned from a Walsh Space List of 28 possible
assignments, starting from the top of this list.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Default F-PDCH Walsh Space List 32-ary Walsh
Codes 31 15 23 7 27 11 19 3 29 13 21 5 25 9 30 14 22 6 26 10 18 2
28 12 20 4 24 8
[0107] When using the F-PDCH the Walsh code assignment for the
F-PPDCCH, F-SPDCCH, and the F-PDCH. Furthermore, for the F-PDCH,
number of such codes and the Walsh assignments of such codes are
required. The number of Walsh codes in use for the F-PDCH is
transmitted on the F-SPDCCH. A system and a method for signaling
the Walsh space assignment is disclosed in co-pending application
Ser. No. 60/297,105 entitled "HANDLING THE WALSH SPACE INDICATOR
FOR 1XEV-DV," filed Jun. 7, 2001, and assigned to the assignee of
the present invention.
[0108] In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention,
the Walsh space is assigned in accordance with a power of the
F-SPDCCH. In one embodiment, the assignment starts with a highest
power F-SPDCCH and the lowest Walsh space. Accordingly, the lowest
portion of the Walsh space is assigned by the highest power
F-SPDCCH, the next lower portion of the Walsh space is assigned by
the second highest power F-PDCH, until all the F-SPDCCH are
exhausted. To save power and capacity of the F-SPDCCH, instead of
listing the individual Walsh code indexes, each in the F-SPDCCH
comprises the number of Walsh codes used.
[0109] For example, referring to Table 1, if the highest power
F-SPDCCH assigns the Walsh space comprising the Walsh codes with
indexes 31, 15, 23, 7, 27, and 11, the highest power F-SPDCCH
comprises the number 6, which is the number of Walsh codes.
Similarly, if the second highest power F-SPDCCH assigns the Walsh
space comprising the Walsh codes with indexes 19, 3, 29, 13, 21, 5,
25, the second highest power F-SPDCCH comprises the number 6.
[0110] The subscriber station processes the plurality of F-SPDCCHs
in accordance with the above-disclosed embodiments, to obtain the
number of Walsh codes from each of the plurality of the F-SPDCCHs.
The subscriber station further measures power of each of the
plurality of the F-SPDCCH, and orders the obtained numbers of Walsh
codes with the measured power. Because the subscriber station is
provided with the Walsh Space List, the subscriber station can
associate each of the obtained number of Walsh codes with the Walsh
codes.
[0111] Those of skill in the art would understand that information
and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different
technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions,
commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may
be referenced throughout the above description may be represented
by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or
particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination
thereof.
[0112] Those of skill would further appreciate that the various
illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps
described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may
be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or
combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability
of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks,
modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in
terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is
implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular
application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in
varying ways for each particular application, but such
implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a
departure from the scope of the present invention.
[0113] The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and
circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed
herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose
processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application
specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array
(FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or
transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination
thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A
general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the
alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor,
controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also
be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a
combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of
microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a
DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0114] The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection
with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in
hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a
combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory,
flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers,
hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage
medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to
the processor such the processor can read information from, and
write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the
storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and
the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a
user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and the storage
medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
[0115] The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is
provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the
present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will
be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic
principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments
without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus,
the present invention is not intended to be limited to the
embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope
consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed
herein.
[0116] A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains
material, which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright
owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of
the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the
Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise
reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
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