U.S. patent application number 12/226842 was filed with the patent office on 2009-12-17 for exercise monitoring system and method.
Invention is credited to Ali Kord.
Application Number | 20090312152 12/226842 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36590033 |
Filed Date | 2009-12-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20090312152 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kord; Ali |
December 17, 2009 |
Exercise Monitoring System and Method
Abstract
The present invention relates to an exercise monitoring system
(3) utilising one or more inertial sensors (25). The present
invention also relates to a method of monitoring the performance of
a physical activity by an individual (5). The method involves
locating one or more inertial sensors (25) on the individual (5)
and collecting data from the inertial sensor(s) (25) while the
individual performs the physical activity. The collected data is
then processed to determine the movements of the individual
(5).
Inventors: |
Kord; Ali; (West Sussex,
GB) |
Correspondence
Address: |
GREGORY SMITH & ASSOCIATES
3900 NEWPARK MALL ROAD, 3RD FLOOR
NEWARK
CA
94560
US
|
Family ID: |
36590033 |
Appl. No.: |
12/226842 |
Filed: |
April 27, 2007 |
PCT Filed: |
April 27, 2007 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/GB2007/001565 |
371 Date: |
May 28, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
482/9 ;
482/8 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 2225/50 20130101;
A63B 2102/32 20151001; A63B 2208/03 20130101; A63B 2208/0252
20130101; A63B 2225/15 20130101; A63B 21/0552 20130101; A63B
2244/20 20130101; A63B 2208/0233 20130101; A63B 2225/60 20130101;
A63B 2024/0012 20130101; A63B 2220/803 20130101; A63B 21/0442
20130101; A63B 2220/12 20130101; A63B 2208/0238 20130101; A63B
2024/0009 20130101; A63B 2071/0625 20130101; A63B 2220/40 20130101;
A63B 2220/13 20130101; A63B 2071/025 20130101; A63B 2071/063
20130101; A63B 21/00061 20130101; A63B 71/0622 20130101; A63B
2220/836 20130101; A63B 2024/0096 20130101; A63B 24/0006
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
482/9 ;
482/8 |
International
Class: |
A63B 71/00 20060101
A63B071/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 28, 2006 |
GB |
0608486.7 |
Aug 23, 2006 |
GB |
0616669.8 |
Feb 15, 2007 |
GB |
0702971.3 |
Claims
1. An exercise monitoring system comprising at least one inertial
sensor.
2. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 comprising a
plurality of said inertial sensors.
3. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in
use, one or more of said inertial sensors are provided on a limb of
an individual using the system.
4. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in
use, one or more of said inertial sensors are provided on the torso
of an individual using the system.
5. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in
use, said inertial sensors are arranged to form a chain.
6. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 further
comprising a transmitter for transmitting data relating to the
output of said at least one inertial sensor.
7. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 6, wherein, in
use, the transmitter is located on the person of an individual
using the system.
8. (canceled)
9. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 further
comprising a tracking device for determining a reference point for
said at least one inertial sensor.
10. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 9, wherein
said tracking device is wireless.
11. (canceled)
12. (canceled)
13. (canceled)
14. (canceled)
15. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, further
comprising a processor for processing the data from said at least
one inertial sensor to monitor the movements of an individual using
the system.
16. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 15, wherein,
in use, said processor provides the individual with feedback.
17. An exercise monitoring system as claimed in claim 15, wherein
said processor is suitable for monitoring the movements of said
individual to determine a start position and/or an end position of
a physical activity.
18. (canceled)
19. (canceled)
20. (canceled)
21. (canceled)
22. (canceled)
23. (canceled)
24. A method of monitoring an individual's performance of a
physical activity, the method comprising the steps of: (a) locating
at least one inertial sensor on the individual; (b) collecting data
from said at least one inertial sensor while the individual
performs the physical activity; and (c) processing the data to
determine the movements of the individual.
25. A method as claimed in claim 24 further comprising the step of
comparing the movements of the individual to a stored template.
26. A method as claimed in claim 24 further comprising the step of
comparing the movements of the individual to the movements recorded
previously for the same individual.
27. A method as claimed in claim 25 further comprising the step of
providing the individual with feedback based on the results of the
comparison step.
28. (canceled)
29. (canceled)
30. A method as claimed in claim 24 further comprising a
calibration step.
31. A method as claimed in claim 30, wherein the calibration step
is performed before the individual performs the physical
activity.
32. A method as claimed in claim 30, wherein said calibration step
determines a start position and/or an end position of the physical
activity.
33. A method as claimed in claim 32, wherein said step of
processing the data includes determining when the individual is at
a start position and/or at an end position of the physical
activity.
34. (canceled)
35. (canceled)
36. (canceled)
37. A method as claimed in claim 24, wherein a plurality of said
inertial sensors are arranged in a chain.
38. A method as claimed in claim 37, wherein the position of each
inertial sensor in said chain is determined with reference to the
position of the or each preceding inertial sensor in said
chain.
39. A method as claimed in claim 38, comprising the step of
determining the position of a reference point for said chain of
inertial sensors.
40. (canceled)
41. (canceled)
42. (canceled)
43. (canceled)
44. (canceled)
45. (canceled)
46. (canceled)
47. (canceled)
48. (canceled)
49. (canceled)
50. (canceled)
51. (canceled)
52. (canceled)
53. (canceled)
54. (canceled)
55. (canceled)
56. (canceled)
57. (canceled)
58. (canceled)
59. (canceled)
60. (canceled)
61. (canceled)
62. (canceled)
63. (canceled)
64. (canceled)
65. (canceled)
66. (canceled)
67. (canceled)
68. (canceled)
69. (canceled)
70. (canceled)
71. (canceled)
72. (canceled)
73. (canceled)
74. (canceled)
75. (canceled)
76. (canceled)
77. (canceled)
78. (canceled)
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to an exercise monitoring
system and a method of monitoring the performance of an
exercise.
[0002] An exercise bonus system is known from PCT/US03/15672
whereby a user carries a portable sensor and the user's movements
are tracked by a series of stationary sensors. A stationary base
station is provided to transmit stored data from the portable
sensor to allow a bonus point system to be determined. This system
requires a plurality of stationary sensors to be installed and is
not intended to be used in a single location, such as a gymnasium.
Equally, the system is only capable of monitoring the movements of
the user and is, therefore, of limited use as a training tool.
[0003] It is known from PCT/US95/06626 to provide apparatus for
measuring and visually displaying a user's body movements. Sensing
means such as a potentiometer is coupled to the user's joints to
measure the movements of the respective joints. The sensing means
allows the movement of each joint to be measured directly, but this
may be uncomfortable for the user. Moreover, it is time consuming
to locate the sensing means properly over each joint to provide
accurate measurements.
[0004] U.S. Pat. No. 6,251,048 discloses an electronic exercise
monitor comprising an exercise motion detector coupled to a
processor to provide verbal instructions to the user. However, the
motion detector is intended only to confirm that a particular
motion has been performed, for example to count repetitions in an
exercise set, and the monitor is not suitable for providing
feedback on the technique.
[0005] An alternative approach is to utilise a camera to monitor
the movements of an individual. Although an image corresponding to
that recorded by the camera may be displayed, this technique cannot
readily provide accurate feedback to the user. An example of this
type of system is EyeToy.RTM.) Kinetic for Playstation.RTM. 2.
[0006] There remains a need to provide an exercise monitoring
system capable of accurately tracking the movements of a user. It
has been recognised that a higher degree of accuracy is required in
the tracking of the user's movements to enable appropriate feedback
to be given. It has also been appreciated that the tracking should
be performed substantially in real-time to enable feedback to be
provided to the user whilst they are performing the exercises.
[0007] Viewed from a first aspect, the present invention relates to
an exercise monitoring system comprising at least one inertial
sensor. At least in preferred embodiments, said at least one
inertial sensor enables the movements of the individual using the
system to be tracked to a high degree of accuracy, substantially in
real-time. Thus, an individual using the system can be provided
with feedback to assist them while they perform exercises.
[0008] The exercise monitoring system may comprise a single
inertial sensor, for example to monitor the movement of the
individual's torso. Preferably, however, a plurality of inertial
sensors is provided. The system may comprise 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or
more inertial sensors.
[0009] In use, one or more of the inertial sensors are preferably
provided on a limb of an individual using the system. In use, one
or more of said inertial sensors may be provided on the torso of an
individual using the system.
[0010] In use, the inertial sensors are preferably arranged to form
a chain. The position of each inertial sensor may be determined
with reference to the position of the or each previous inertial
sensor in said chain. The position of a first inertial sensor in
the chain is preferably determined relative to a reference point. A
tracking device may be provided for enabling the position of said
reference point to be determined.
[0011] More than one chain of inertial sensors may be provided, for
example to enable the movement of different limbs to be monitored.
A tracking device is preferably associated with each chain of
inertial sensors. A single tracking device may be associated with
several chains of inertial sensors.
[0012] A cable or wire may be provided to allow data relating to
the output of the at least one inertial sensor to be sent to a
processor. Preferably, however, the exercise monitoring system
comprises a transmitter for transmitting data relating to the
output of said at least one inertial sensor to a remote receiver.
In use, the transmitter is preferably located on the person of an
individual using the system. The transmitter may, for example, be
provided in an arm band to be worn by the individual using the
system or in a back-pack.
[0013] The exercise monitoring system is preferably provided with a
dedicated receiver for receiving the signal transmitted by said
transmitter. The dedicated receiver is preferably provided in a
base station. The base station preferably remains stationary while
in use and may be fixed in place.
[0014] A tracking device is preferably provided for determining a
reference point for said at least one inertial sensor. The tracking
device is preferably wireless. Although a visual tracking device
may be provided, these typically have limited fields of vision.
[0015] The wireless tracking device is most preferably a Near-Field
Electromagnetic Ranging (NFER) device. The exercise monitoring
system is preferably provided with an NFER transmitter. In use, the
NFER transmitter is preferably located on the person of an
individual using the system. A plurality of NFER receivers is
preferably provided. The NFER receivers may be provided inside a
piece of exercise equipment forming part of the exercise monitoring
system, but they are preferably located externally of any related
exercise equipment. Further details of NFER tracking systems are
disclosed in US 2004/0032363 (Schantz et al.) and the contents of
this application are incorporated herein in their entirety by
reference.
[0016] A processor is preferably provided for processing the data
from said at least one inertial sensor to monitor the movements of
an individual using the system. In use, the processor preferably
provides the individual with feedback on their performance. A
monitor may be provided for displaying visual feedback; and/or one
or more speakers may be provided for giving audio feedback.
[0017] The processor may also display graphics, such as symbols,
characters and/or pictures, on a monitor. In use, the graphics may
respond to the exercise performed by the individual. The
performance of a particular exercise may result in a particular
response from the graphics displayed on screen, for example a
particular animation or routine may be triggered. Thus, the user
may interact with the on-screen display by performing certain
physical activities.
[0018] The processor may compare the movements of the individual
with a stored template. The stored template may, for example,
contain data relating to the movements and/or accelerations
associated with a particular physical activity when it is performed
correctly. Thus, the exercise monitoring system can determine how
well the physical activity is being performed. Prior art systems
typically only ascertain that a particular motion has been
performed, whereas the exercise monitoring system of the present
invention can provide a qualitative assessment. This is an
advantage the present invention provides over known systems. A
database storing templates for a range of different physical
activities is preferably provided.
[0019] The processor may also score the individual's performance of
certain exercises. The score may, for example, be determined based
on the result of a comparison of the individual's performance of a
particular exercise or set of exercises with a stored set of data.
As outlined above, the stored data may relate to an exercise
performed by the individual before, or it may relate to a stored
template of correct technique for a given exercise.
[0020] A data storage device, such as a hard disc, may be provided.
If the system is installed in a gymnasium used by several people,
an individual may be provided with a memory card containing
personal data, for example data relating to previous exercises
performed by the individual.
[0021] The or each inertial sensor is preferably capable of
measuring acceleration in two directions. More preferably, the or
each inertial sensor is capable of measuring acceleration in three
directions. The or each inertial sensor may comprise one or more
gyroscopes.
[0022] The processor is preferably suitable for monitoring the
movements of the individual to determine a start position and/or an
end position of a physical activity. The start position and/or the
end position may, for example, be determined during a calibration
sequence.
[0023] The physical activity may be cyclical requiring that several
repetitions are performed. The processor may determine the start
position and/or the end position of at least one of said cycles
while the physical activity is performed. If a calibration sequence
is also performed, the processor may compare the start position
and/or the end position determined during the calibration sequence
to the respective position(s) whilst the physical activity is
performed.
[0024] The exercise monitoring system may be suitable for
monitoring exercises performed underwater. In use, the system may
monitor the movements of an individual in a body of water, such as
a swimming pool. The system is preferably provided in a frame
mountable at a side of a swimming pool. The frame may be movably
mounted to allow it to be raised and lowered relative to the
swimming pool. For example, the frame may be pivotably mounted on
the side of the swimming pool.
[0025] A tether may be provided for securing an individual in
position relative to the system. It is envisaged that this may be
suitable for physiotherapy. Preferably, the tether would provide
support for the individual.
[0026] To enable the system to be employed underwater, the at least
one inertial sensor may be waterproof or may be provided in a
waterproof casing.
[0027] Viewed from a still further aspect, the present invention
relates to a training system comprising at least one inertial
sensor and a processor, wherein the processor compares data
relating to the movements measured by said at least one inertial
sensor to stored data. The stored data may, for example, relate to
the movements and/or accelerations associated with a particular
physical activity when it is performed correctly. The stored data
may be generated during a calibration sequence. The calibration
sequence may, for example, require an individual to perform one or
more repetitions of a physical activity.
[0028] An individual using the system can be provided with
automated feedback based on the results of the comparison. Thus,
the system at least in preferred embodiments can provide a virtual
trainer. The system could, for example, be used to assist with the
training of a golf swing.
[0029] Viewed from a further aspect, the present invention relates
to a method of monitoring an individual's performance of a physical
activity, the method comprising the steps of: (a) locating at least
one inertial sensor on the individual; (b) collecting data from
said at least one inertial sensor while the individual performs the
physical activity; and (c) processing the data to determine the
movements of the individual. The physical activity is typically an
exercise. At least in preferred embodiments, the method enables the
individual's performance of the physical activity to be assessed
qualitatively.
[0030] The method typically involves locating a plurality of
inertial sensors on the individual. The inertial sensors are
preferably each capable of measuring acceleration in three
directions. The step of processing the data may be performed by a
processor located on the person of the individual or by a processor
located remotely, for example in a fixed base station.
[0031] The method may comprise the step of comparing the movements
of the individual to a stored template. The stored template may,
for example, contain data relating to the movements and/or
accelerations associated with a particular physical activity when
it is performed properly. Thus, the method according to the present
invention can determine how well the physical activity is being
performed. Prior art systems typically only ascertain that a
particular motion has been performed, whereas the method according
to the present invention allows a qualitative assessment. A
database storing templates for a range of different physical
activities is preferably provided.
[0032] The method may comprise the step of comparing the movements
of the individual to the movements recorded previously for the same
individual.
[0033] The individual may be provided with feedback. The feedback
may, for example, provide technique tips or offer encouragement.
The feedback may, for example, be based on the results of a
comparison. To allow the individual to adjust their technique while
they are performing the physical activity, the feedback is
preferably provided substantially in real-time.
[0034] The feedback may be visual and/or audio. For example, the
individual may be provided with on-screen prompts. Alternatively,
synthesised or pre-recorded dialogue or audio comments may be
output through one or more speakers. Alternatively, a series of
beeps may sound and the frequency or tone of the beeps varied to
provide feedback. For example, the frequency of the beeps may
increase to advise the individual that the physical activity is
being performed correctly.
[0035] The method may further comprise a calibration step.
Preferably, the calibration step is performed before the individual
performs the physical activity. The calibration step preferably
determines a start position and/or an end position for the physical
activity. The calibration step may allow for variations in the
positioning of said at least one inertial sensor on the
individual.
[0036] The physical activity may be cyclical requiring that several
repetitions are performed. The method may include determine the
start position and/or the end position of at least one of said
cycles while the physical activity is performed. If a calibration
sequence is also performed, the method may include a step of
comparing the start position and/or the end position determined
during the calibration sequence to the respective position(s)
whilst the physical activity is performed. The method preferably
also includes the step of displaying graphics on a screen whilst
the individual performs the physical activity. The graphics
preferably change in response to one or more of the physical
activities performed by the individual. For example, a routine or
animation may be performed in response to the completion of a
particular physical activity.
[0037] The method may include the additional step of providing a
score. The score may, for example, be dependent on the individual's
technique as they perform a particular physical activity; the
number of repetitions completed; or the time taken to complete one
or more physical activities. To determine a score related to
technique, a comparison may be made between the individual's
movements and a stored template, as discussed herein.
[0038] A plurality of said inertial sensors may be provided. The
inertial sensors are preferably arranged in a chain. The method
preferably includes the step of determining the position of each
inertial sensor in said chain with reference to the position of the
or each preceding inertial sensor in said chain. The method may
also comprise determining the position of a reference point for
said chain of inertial sensors.
[0039] The physical activity may be performed in a gymnasium or it
may be performed underwater, for example in a swimming pool. The
method may comprise the further step of tethering the individual in
position prior to said physical activity being performed.
[0040] Viewed from a still further aspect, the present invention
relates to an exercise monitoring station comprising a receiver for
receiving a signal providing data relating to movements measured by
at least one inertial sensor. The exercise monitoring station may
be provided with at least one NFER receiver for receiving an NFER
signal. The exercise monitoring station is preferably incorporated
into a piece of exercise equipment. The piece of exercise equipment
may, for example, be a multi-gym.
[0041] Viewed from a yet still further aspect, the present
invention relates to an exercise monitoring device comprising at
least one inertial sensor. The exercise monitoring device
preferably comprises a plurality of inertial sensors. The inertial
sensors may be arranged in a chain. The exercise monitoring
preferably comprises a transmitter for transmitting data relating
to the output of said at least one inertial sensor. The transmitter
may, for example, be an NFER transmitter. The device may be
provided in an armband; on a pouch worn around the waste of the
individual; or in a backpack.
[0042] Viewed from a further aspect, the present invention relates
to a device for monitoring movement comprising an NFER transmitter
and at least one inertial sensor. The device is preferably provided
with a plurality of inertial sensors. In use, one or more of the
inertial sensors may be provided on a limb or on the torso of an
individual using the device. A transmitter is preferably provided
for transmitting data relating to the output of said at least one
inertial sensor. The device preferably comprises a plurality of
inertial sensors. The inertial sensors may be arranged in a
chain.
[0043] Viewed from a still further aspect, the present invention
relates to a tracking device for monitoring movement, the tracking
device comprising at least one transmitter and at least one
inertial sensor. In use, said at least one transmitter transmits a
signal which enables the relative position of the transmitter to be
determined. The transmitter may thereby provide a reference point
for said at least one inertial sensor when the device is
operating.
[0044] The device is typically used to monitor the movement of an
individual, for example as part of a motion capture system or
exercise equipment. The transmitter is typically located on the
person of the individual whose movements are to be monitored. The
transmitter may, for example, be located in a pocket or in a
backpack.
[0045] To enable a range of movements to be monitored, the device
preferably comprises a plurality of inertial sensors. In use, the
inertial sensors may be provided on a limb of an individual using
the device. For example, one or more of said inertial sensors may
be provided on each side of an individual's joint. At least one
inertial sensor may be provided on the torso, or on the head of the
individual. Additional movements may be monitored by providing one
or more inertial sensors on the digits of an individual. The
inertial sensors may be arranged in a chain.
[0046] The device preferably comprises a data transfer device for
sending data relating to the output of said at least one inertial
sensor to a base station. The data transfer device may send the
data over a physical connection, such as an umbilical cable.
Alternatively, the data transfer device may send the data
wirelessly, for example as a radio signal.
[0047] The transmitter preferably transmits a radio signal or sound
waves. In use, the radio signal or sound waves may be detected by
one or more receivers to enable the relative position of the
transmitter to be determined.
[0048] In one embodiment, the at least one transmitter may be fixed
in position and, in use, the transmitted signal is received by one
or more movable receivers. Alternatively, the at least one
transmitter may be movable and, in use, the transmitted signal is
received by one or more fixed receivers.
[0049] The device may be used to play a game and/or perform an
exercise, as described herein. At least in preferred embodiments,
the device may track movements at least substantially in
real-time.
[0050] Viewed from a still further aspect, the present invention
relates to a tracking system comprising a device as described
herein and one or more receivers for receiving a signal transmitted
from the at least one transmitter associated with said device.
Preferably a plurality of receivers are provided to allow the
position of the at least one transmitter to be determined.
[0051] Viewed from a yet further aspect, the present invention
relates to a method of tracking movement comprising the steps of:
[0052] a) transmitting a signal from at least one transmitter;
[0053] b) receiving the transmitted signal and determining the
relative position of said at least one transmitter; and [0054] c)
monitoring the movement of at least one inertial sensor.
[0055] By determining the relative position of the transmitter a
reference point can be determined for the at least one inertial
sensor. Thus, an individual's movements may be tracked accurately
for example as part of a motion capture system. The transmitter is
typically worn by an individual, for example in a backpack.
[0056] The step of monitoring the movement of said at least one
inertial sensor typically comprises sending data generated by said
at least one inertial sensor to a base station. A data transfer
device is preferably provided to send the data to the base
station.
[0057] The signal transmitted by the transmitter is typically
received by one or more receivers to enable the relative position
of the transmitter to be determined.
[0058] The transmitter may transmit a radio signal or sound
wave.
[0059] In certain applications it may be desirable to provide more
than one transmitter, for example to provide more than one
reference point.
[0060] In one embodiment, the at least one transmitter may be fixed
in position and at least one movable receiver provided for
receiving the transmitted signal. Alternatively, said at least one
transmitter may be movable and at least one fixed receiver provided
for receiving the transmitted signal.
[0061] The method may be used to track movement to provide a
control mechanism for playing a game, such as an interactive video
game. Alternatively, the method may be used to track movement
whilst an exercise is performed.
[0062] Viewed from a still further aspect, the present invention
relates to a method of monitoring an individual's performance of a
physical activity, the method comprising the step of determining a
start position and/or an end position for a cycle of said physical
activity. The individual's start position and/or end position for
said cycle may be compared with stored positional data. The stored
positional data may be a standard template or may be data generated
during a calibration sequence. A qualitative assessment of the
individual's performance may thereby be made.
[0063] The method may include providing a prompt to the individual
to repeat the exercise when the end position has been reached.
Thus, the method may help to ensure that the individual completes
full cycles of the physical activity.
[0064] The method may comprise the additional steps of locating at
least one inertial sensor on the individual; and collecting data
from said at least one inertial sensor while the individual
performs the physical activity.
[0065] Preferred embodiments of the apparatus and methods described
herein may determine the position of a reference point for the one
or more inertial sensors. At least in preferred embodiments, the
position of the reference point may be determined in at least two
dimensions and, more preferably, in three dimensions.
[0066] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be
described, by way of example only, with reference to the
accompanying drawings, in which:
[0067] FIG. 1 shows exercise equipment incorporating an exercise
monitoring system in accordance with the present invention; and
[0068] FIG. 2 shows schematically the operation of the exercise
monitoring system in accordance with the present invention.
[0069] Exercise equipment 1 incorporating an exercise monitoring
system 3 in accordance with the present invention will now be
described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0070] The exercise equipment 1 comprises a plurality of different
pieces of exercise apparatus to enable an individual 5 to perform
different types of exercise. The present embodiment comprises
first, second, third and fourth flexible bands 7, 9, 11, 13 of
different elasticity and resistance for performing exercises, such
as sit-ups and resistance training exercises. A pivoting and/or
rotatable platform 15 is provided for further exercises. A seat 17
is provided for the individual 5 using the exercise equipment 1.
Foot locks 19 are also provided for performing sit-ups and the
like.
[0071] The exercise monitoring system 3 comprises a processor 19,
such as a personal computer, housed in a dedicated base station 21.
A monitor 23 and a pair of loud speakers 24 provide the individual
5 with feedback on their performance. The types of feedback
provided by the exercise monitoring system 3 will be described in
greater detail below. The base station 21 is typically provided
with a keyboard and/or mouse to allow desired parameters to be
input, for example to select a particular work-out routine.
Alternative input methods, such as a remote control or voice
recognition, may be implemented.
[0072] To monitor exercises, a plurality of inertial sensors 25 is
provided on the individual 5. The inertial sensors 25 typically
each comprise accelerometers for measuring acceleration in one, two
or three directions. In the present embodiment a total of five
inertial sensors 25 are provided on the individual 5. First and
second inertial sensors 25a, 25b are provided on the forearm and
upper arm respectively of the left arm of the individual 5. Third
and fourth inertial sensors 25c, 25d are provided on the forearm
and upper arm respectively of the right arm of the individual 5. A
fifth sensor 25e is provided on the back of the individual 5. It
will be appreciated that less than or more than five inertial
sensors 25 may be used to provide different levels of accuracy.
[0073] The first and second inertial sensors 25a, 25b form a first
chain; and the third and fourth sensors 25c, 25d form a second
chain.
[0074] The inertial sensors 25 could be provided in a vest to be
worn by the individual 5. Preferably, however, the inertial sensors
25 are each secured in place by straps, for example using Velcro.
The inertial sensor 25e to be located on the back of the individual
5 is provided in a back-pack 27.
[0075] The inertial sensors 25 are connected to a processor and
transmitter 29 located in the back-pack 27 worn by the individual
25. The transmitter 29 transmits a signal to a receiver 31 housed
in the base station 21 to convey data measured by the inertial
sensors 25 to the processor 19. Dedicated transmitters may be
provided for the data and NFER transmissions.
[0076] The transmitter 29 also transmits a Near-Field
Electromagnetic Ranging (NFER) signal. Three NFER receivers 33a,
33b, 33c are provided to receive the NFER signal and enable the
position of the transmitter 29 to be accurately determined by an
NFER processor 35. The receivers 33a, 33b, 33c may be provided
inside the exercise equipment 1 but are preferably provided
externally of the exercise equipment 1.
[0077] Tracking the position of the transmitter 29 provides a
reference point for the inertial sensors 25 and enables the
orientation of the left and right arms of the individual 5 to be
determined. In alternative embodiments, a second, separate
transmitter may be provided to transmit the NFER signal in addition
to the transmitter 29 for transmitting a signal to the receiver
31.
[0078] The operation of the exercise equipment 1 will now will be
described with reference to FIG. 2.
[0079] The inertial sensors 25 are attached to the individual 5 as
described above and the transmitter 31 activated. The NFER signal
transmitted by the transmitter 31 is detected by the NFER receivers
33a, 33b, 33c. The NFER processor 35 determines the location of the
transmitter 31 and this data is supplied to the processor 19; this
provides a reference point-for the inertial sensors 25.
[0080] The inertial sensors 25 measure the acceleration of the arms
and back of the individual 5. The measured data is transmitted to
the receiver 31 by the transmitter 29. The measured data is
supplied to the processor 35 and the relative position and
orientation of each inertial sensor 25 calculated. Accordingly, the
position and orientation of the arms and back of the individual 5
may be accurately modelled.
[0081] The individual 5 performs exercises, such as sit-ups or
resistance training, on the exercise equipment 1. The motion of the
individual's arms and back are calculated by the processor 19
during the exercises in real-time. The generated data can be
stored, for example on a removable storage disc or card, for future
reference. A graphical representation of the movements can be
displayed on the monitor 23 to help the individual 5 visualise the
exercise.
[0082] A comparison may be made between the measured movements of
the individual 5 and movements recorded previously for the same
exercise. Again, this comparison can be performed in real-time.
Feedback can be given to the individual 5 based on the results of
this comparison, for example regarding technique or endurance.
[0083] Alternatively, a comparison may be made between the measured
movements of the individual 5 and stored model movements for
correct technique. Again, this comparison can be performed in
real-time. Feedback can again be given to the individual 5 based on
the results of this comparison, for example to highlight areas
where their technique is not ideal.
[0084] It will be appreciated, therefore, that the feedback
provided by the exercise monitoring system 3 can act as a virtual
trainer for the individual 5. The feedback can be provided on the
monitor 23 and/or via the loud speakers 24, for example using
pre-recorded dialogue. Not only can the feedback take the form of
encouragement, but it can also offer tips on technique and
highlight areas where the individual 5 should focus.
[0085] The processor 19 may also set tasks for the individual 5
while they perform exercises. For example, visual prompts or cues
may be displayed on the monitor 23 to which the individual 5 must
respond. Since the movements of the individual 5 are monitored, the
individual 5 may interact with these visual prompts or cues by
performing particular movements or exercises. It is envisaged that
these interactive games could be particularly effective at
encouraging the individual 5. Additional content could be
downloaded to the base station 21 to extend the like of the
exercise equipment 1.
[0086] Prior to performing an exercise, the user 5 may have to
calibrate the exercise equipment 1. This may be achieved by
performing a calibration sequence in which the user performs the
exercise, for example in response to visual prompts on the screen
23. The visual prompts may take the form of one or more images; or
a video showing the correct technique for performing the exercise.
The user may perform the exercise once during the calibration
sequence, for example a single biceps curl or leg press may be
performed.
[0087] The calibration sequence enables the processor 19 to
determine a start position and an end position for the individual 5
on that particular exercise. Subsequently, the individual 5 may
perform the exercise and the processor 19 may compare each cycle of
the exercise with the data generated during the calibration
sequence. This comparison may enable a qualitative analysis of the
individual's technique.
[0088] Furthermore, the individual 5 may be provided with prompts
to repeat an exercise only when the appropriate end position has
been reached. The exercise monitoring system 3 may ensure that the
individual starts and finishes each exercise in the correct
position. Thus, exercise monitoring system 3 encourages or requires
that the individual 5 performs complete cycles of the exercise. An
example of a possible prompt would be to require that the
individual 5 returns to the start position in order to reload a
weapon as part of an onscreen game.
[0089] The calibration sequence may improve the accuracy of the
exercise monitoring system 3 since variations in the positioning of
the inertial sensors 25 on the individual 5 may be accommodated.
For example, if the strap securing the second inertial sensor 25a
in position is twisted, the calibration sequence will enable the
exercise monitoring system 3 to allow for the resulting change in
position and/or orientation when the individual 5 uses the exercise
equipment 1.
[0090] In addition to measuring the movements of the individual 5,
sensors may be provided to monitor the movement and/or acceleration
of pieces of apparatus provided in the exercise equipment 1. For
example, the pivoting and/or rotation of the platform 15 may be
measured directly. This additional data may be combined with the
movement data for the individual 5 to provide further information
relating to their activities.
[0091] It is envisaged that the exercise equipment 1 would
primarily be used in gymnasiums but it may also be used in private
homes. Furthermore, it is envisaged that the exercise equipment 1
would also be applicable for physiotherapy treatment and,
therefore, could be used in hospitals and physiotherapy
centres.
[0092] It will be appreciated that it is not essential that NFER
techniques are employed to provide a reference point for the
inertial sensors 5. Other forms of wireless tracking, such as a
camera and suitable software, are suitable. Equally, physical
tracking techniques may be employed.
[0093] Furthermore, rather than use a wireless transmitter to
transmit the data from the inertial sensors, the sensors may be
connected directly to the base station by a flexible wire or
cable.
[0094] The present invention has been described with reference to a
single piece of exercise equipment 1 offering a range of different
exercise options. However, the exercise monitoring system 3 has
broader applications. For example, it is envisaged that the
exercise monitoring system 3 could monitor an individual's use of
different pieces of equipment, such as separate exercise stations.
Equally, the exercise monitoring system 3 could monitor the use of
free weights, such as barbells and dumbbells, for different
exercises. In these arrangements, a base station comprising a
processor 19 may be provided in the desired exercise area. The
processor 19 may determine the movements of one or more individuals
and provide output to one or more monitors 23.
[0095] Furthermore, the exercise monitoring system 3 could be used
to monitor movements performed in a swimming pool or the like. The
exercise monitoring system 3 could be provided at the side of the
swimming pool to monitor the position and/or orientation of
waterproof inertial sensors 25 worn by the individual 5. The
exercise monitoring system 3 could be provided in a pivotably
mounted housing or frame which can be pivoted into position at the
edge of the pool. A tether or line may be provided to keep the
individual 5 in the desired location proximal the exercise
monitoring system 3. The tether or line may be provided with a
catch, such as a hook or clip, to be attached to a harness worn by
the individual 5. This exercise monitoring system 3 could be used
in physiotherapy.
[0096] The skilled person will understand that various changes and
modifications may be made to the exercise monitoring system
described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the
present invention.
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