U.S. patent application number 12/523570 was filed with the patent office on 2009-12-10 for bolt action part for elecrical or laser-based cartridge.
Invention is credited to Michael Obergantschnig, Alfons Ruhland.
Application Number | 20090300961 12/523570 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38038243 |
Filed Date | 2009-12-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20090300961 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Ruhland; Alfons ; et
al. |
December 10, 2009 |
BOLT ACTION PART FOR ELECRICAL OR LASER-BASED CARTRIDGE
Abstract
Disclosed is a chamber closing piece (1) for firearms. Said
chamber closing piece (1) can be rotatably and reversibly moved
forward in the direction of the barrel muzzle (3) and rearward in
the direction of the rear stock (4) and comprises one or several
mechanisms (8) for indirectly or directly firing a bullet (9) that
faces the muzzle in relation to the chamber closing piece (1). Said
mechanism (8) for firing the ammunition is based on an electrical
and/or thermal and/or optical and/or laser-based active
principle.
Inventors: |
Ruhland; Alfons; (Kufstein,
AT) ; Obergantschnig; Michael; (Worgl, AT) |
Correspondence
Address: |
STITES & HARBISON PLLC
1199 NORTH FAIRFAX STREET, SUITE 900
ALEXANDRIA
VA
22314
US
|
Family ID: |
38038243 |
Appl. No.: |
12/523570 |
Filed: |
January 18, 2008 |
PCT Filed: |
January 18, 2008 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/IB2008/000111 |
371 Date: |
July 17, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
42/1.01 ;
42/70.01; 42/84 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41A 19/63 20130101;
F41A 3/16 20130101; F41A 19/58 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
42/1.01 ; 42/84;
42/70.01 |
International
Class: |
F41A 19/63 20060101
F41A019/63; F41A 19/62 20060101 F41A019/62; F41A 19/60 20060101
F41A019/60; F41A 17/00 20060101 F41A017/00; F41A 17/06 20060101
F41A017/06; F41A 17/30 20060101 F41A017/30; F41A 17/64 20060101
F41A017/64; F41A 17/74 20060101 F41A017/74; F41A 9/00 20060101
F41A009/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jan 21, 2007 |
DE |
20 2007 001 155.5 |
Claims
1-20. (canceled)
21. A bolt action part for firearms, which is movable rotatably and
reversibly in the forward in the direction of the barrel muzzle and
to the rear in the direction of the rear stock in the bolt case of
an action and which comprises one or more devices for the direct or
indirect firing of a cartridge of typical construction, which may
be provided on the muzzle side in front of the bolt action part,
this device for firing the ammunition being based on a laser-based
operating principle, characterized in that the bolt action part, in
spite of containing a device for laser based firing of a cartridge,
is rapidly and easily replaceable without prior reconfiguration
measures with a bolt action part using mechanical firing because of
identical external dimensions.
22. The bolt action part according to claim 21, characterized in
that it comprises one or more devices for firing ammunition or a
cartridge, which may be provided on the muzzle side in front of the
bolt action part, and one or more devices for generating one or
more laser beams, the generated laser beam(s) being able to be
oriented and/or focused indirectly or directly on the center and/or
the edge of the base of the ammunition or cartridge.
23. The bolt action part according to claim 22, characterized in
that the device for generating a laser beam comprises one or more
laser diodes, semiconductor lasers, excimer lasers, gas lasers,
solid-state lasers, chemical lasers, molecular gas lasers, or
optically excited molecular gas lasers.
24. The bolt action part according to claim 22, characterized in
that the ammunition recoil plate of the bolt action part is
implemented as closed gas-tight and comprises at least one pane or
plate which is transparent to the generated laser beam for the
passage of the laser beam generated by the device for generating a
laser beam onto the base of the ammunition or cartridge.
25. The bolt action part according to claim 22, characterized in
that, in the beam path between the device for generating a laser
beam and the base of the cartridge or ammunition, one or more
optical or electronic convergent lenses are provided for focusing
the laser beam on the central area or on the edge area of the base
of ammunition or a cartridge.
26. The bolt action part according to claim 22, characterized in
that the ammunition, which can be fired using a bolt action part
having a device for laser-based firing, are rimfire cartridges or
centerfire cartridges of typical construction.
27. The bolt action part according to claim 21, characterized in
that one or more devices for power generation and/or one or more
devices for power storage are provided in the bolt action part
and/or in the stock and/or in the action, the devices for power
generation being based on the piezo principle or being implemented
in the form of mechanical generators or in the form of photovoltaic
elements and the devices for power storage being implemented in the
form of capacitors and/or storage cells or batteries.
28. The bolt action part according to claim 21, characterized in
that it is a component of a safety device for firearms, the safety
device being a safety having a safety lever operable by hand, a
thumb safety, a slide safety, a pushbutton safety, a hammer safety,
a magazine safety, an internal bolt safety, or a firing pin
safety.
29. The bolt action part according to claim 28, characterized in
that a spring is provided in the bolt action part as a safety
system, which can be completely or partially tensioned or relaxed
reversibly using an action-side and/or stock-side tensioning slide
and/or is reversibly changeable in its location and/or is
reversibly changeable in its orientation, the device for firing
ammunition or a cartridge which may be provided on the muzzle side
in front of the bolt action part only being able to be caused to
safely deliver a laser-based pulse, which fires the ammunition or
cartridge, via the trigger device in the completely tensioned state
of the spring and solely in a specific orientation and location of
the spring.
30. The bolt action part according to claim 21, characterized in
that the firing time which passes between the actuation of the
trigger unit and the laser-based firing of the cartridge is in the
range from 0.1 ms to 2.0 ms.
31. The bolt action part according to claim 21, characterized in
that the device for triggering the laser-based firing device of the
bolt action part is a mechanical trigger unit and/or an electronic
and/or electrical trigger unit, which is connected to the bolt
action part by wire or wirelessly.
32. The bolt action part according to claim 21, characterized in
that, for accident prevention and for crime prevention, it is
connected by wire or wirelessly to an electronic safety device,
which ascertains the usage authorization of the user by inputting
or reading in a specific electromagnetic code and/or by inputting
biometric data on the basis of a comparison of the input biometric
data and/or the input electromagnetic code to biometric data, which
was previously stored on a firearm-internal storage device, of a
person authorized for use and/or to electromagnetic codes
authorized for usage, and only causes a release of the device for
firing the cartridge with respect to a shot-triggering signal of
the trigger unit in case of correspondence of the biometric data
and/or the electromagnetic codes, this safety device being
reversibly or irreversibly provided in the bolt action part and/or
in the action and/or in the stock and/or in the trigger unit.
33. The bolt action part according to claim 21, characterized in
that it is connected by wire or wirelessly to one or more
electronic safety devices or comprises one or more electronic
safety devices, which is implemented in the form of an electrical
or electronic switch, which is reversibly movable back and forth
between a safety setting and a fire setting, a release of the
device for firing the cartridge with respect to a shot-triggering
signal of the trigger unit only occurring in the case of the fire
setting, and this safety device being reversibly or irreversibly
provided in the bolt action part and/or in the action and/or in the
stock and/or in the trigger unit.
34. The bolt action part according to claim 21, characterized in
that, for shooter identification, it is connected by wire or
wirelessly to a one-part or multipart device for ascertaining and
storing the time of day and the date of a direct or indirect
actuation of the device for firing a cartridge and/or to a one-part
or multipart device for acquiring and storing biometric data of the
person who has indirectly or directly activated the device for
firing a cartridge, or comprises such devices, these devices being
provided reversibly or irreversibly in the bolt action part and/or
in the action and/or in the stock and/or in the trigger unit.
35. The bolt action part according to claims 21, characterized in
that it comprises one or more acoustic and/or optical and/or
mechanical display devices for the power supply state or charge
state of the device for power storage and/or the functional
capability of the device for power generation and/or the readiness
of the device for generating an electrical pulse and/or the
readiness of the device or generating a laser beam.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a bolt action part for
firearms having an electrical and/or laser-based device for firing
a cartridge, which can be provided on the muzzle side in front of
the bolt action part, having the features disclosed in the preamble
of Claim 1.
[0002] Bolt actions for firearms having purely mechanical firing
devices are known from the prior art, in which, for example, a
firing pin spring is tensioned by opening the bolt action and this
firing pin spring causes a firing pin to strike against the primer
of a cartridge located in a cartridge chamber, for example, upon
triggering of the shot, so that the shot fires.
[0003] These bolt actions having purely mechanical firing device
from the prior art are disadvantageous in many aspects:
[0004] An especially grave disadvantage of these known bolt
actions, which function purely mechanically, can be seen in their
very pronounced and long firing time between actuation of the
trigger and the firing of the cartridge, which is in the range from
2.5 ms to 9.0 ms.
[0005] This very long firing time delay results in the disadvantage
that the projectile remains longer in the firearm therein and
unintended movements of the firearm over a measurable period of
time may exert an extremely negative influence on the precision of
the firearm in particular during competition.
[0006] A further disadvantage of the bolt actions having purely
mechanical firing device known from the prior art is their large
number of moving parts.
[0007] The high number of moving parts is accompanied upon the shot
triggering therein with a pronounced mass movement, which results
in unwanted oscillations of the entire weapon system. These
oscillations cause a significant widening of the scattering circle
and therefore result in dramatic worsening of the shot
precision.
[0008] Furthermore, in the case of the bolt actions having purely
mechanical firing device known from the prior art, the required
maintenance effort, which is significantly pronounced therein, for
example, for cleaning and oiling, is disadvantageous.
[0009] Further disadvantages of the bolt actions using purely
mechanical firing from the prior art are their high weight and the
high production costs caused by the numerous moving parts.
[0010] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide
a bolt action part for firearms which ensures that an especially
short firing time is maintained between actuating the trigger and
firing the cartridge, which allows significantly better shot
precision of the particular firearm in comparison to a bolt action
part having purely mechanical firing device, whose number of moving
parts and the mass movements thereof are especially low, whereby
oscillations of the weapons system which disadvantageously
influence the shot precision are largely prevented, which ensures
outstanding shot precision upon use, whose maintenance effort is
very low, which is rapidly and easily replaceable with a bolt
action part having purely mechanical firing device without prior
reconfiguration measures, whose weight is lower than the weight of
a bolt action part having purely mechanical firing device, and
whose production costs are lower than the production costs which
are to be paid for a bolt action part having purely mechanical
firing device.
[0011] This object is achieved according to the invention in a bolt
action part according to the species by the features disclosed in
the characterizing part of Claim 1.
[0012] Especially preferred embodiments are the subject matter of
the subclaims.
[0013] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in
greater detail on the basis of the drawings. In the figures:
[0014] FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a
firearm having a bolt action part according to the invention, which
comprises a device for electrically firing a cartridge;
[0015] FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a
firearm which comprises a bolt action part according to the
invention having a laser-based device for firing a cartridge;
[0016] FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a
firearm which comprises a bolt action part according to the
invention, which can be secured via a tension slide, the safety
device of the bolt action part, which comprises a spring, being
relaxed, so that shot triggering is not possible;
[0017] FIG. 4 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a
firearm which comprises a bolt action part according to the
invention, which can be secured via a tension slide, the safety
device of the bolt action part, which comprises a spring, being
tensioned, so that shot triggering is possible;
[0018] The bolt action part (1) for firearms according to the
invention is typically rotatably and reversibly movable forward in
the direction of the barrel muzzle (3) and to the rear in the
direction of the rear stock (4) in a bolt case (5) of an action
(2).
[0019] As may be seen from FIGS. 1 through 4, the bolt action part
(1) according to the invention generally comprises one or more
devices (8) for the indirect or direct firing of a cartridge (9),
which may be provided on the muzzle side of the bolt action part
(1).
[0020] This device (8) for firing the ammunition (9) is preferably
based on an electrical and/or thermal and/or optical and/or
laser-based operating principle.
[0021] As shown in FIG. 1, for example, in the case of the bolt
action part (1) according to the invention, the device (8) for
electrical and/or thermal firing of the ammunition (9) may
comprise, in the area of the ammunition recoil plate (6) of the
bolt action part (1), for example, one or more devices (11) for
delivering one or more electrical pulses to a cartridge (9), which
is located in the cartridge chamber, in the form of one or more
short electrical voltage or current surges or in the form of one or
more thermal heat surges.
[0022] In an especially preferred embodiment of the bolt action
part according to the invention, the device (11) for delivering
electrical pulses to the base (10) of ammunition or a cartridge (9)
which is located in the cartridge chamber may be, for example, a
pin-shaped or rod-shaped or tubular anode or cathode.
[0023] In a first alternative of this embodiment, the device (11)
for delivering an electrical pulse may be elastically guided
through a hole-shaped opening of the ammunition recoil plate (6) of
the bolt action part (1) in such a way that in the unloaded state
of the firearm, it projects at least somewhat in the direction of
the barrel muzzle (3) beyond the ammunition recoil plate (6) of the
bolt action part (1) and is pressed back when a cartridge (9) is
loaded.
[0024] Alternatively to the embodiment just described, in a second
alternative, the device (11) for delivering an electrical pulse may
be guided so it is reversibly displaceable forward and backward
through a hole-shaped opening of the ammunition recoil plate (6) of
the bolt action part (1) in such a way that it only comes into
electrically conductive contact with the base (10) of the cartridge
(9) when the safety of the firearm is released.
[0025] In preferred embodiments of the bolt action part (1)
according to the invention, the device (8) for electrical and/or
thermal firing of the ammunition (9) may comprise, for example, one
or more devices (12) for generating one or more electrical and/or
thermal pulses in the form of one or more short electrical voltage
or current surges or heat surges (see FIG. 1).
[0026] Typically, the one or more devices (11) for generating one
or more electrical or thermal pulses are activatable, for example,
via a mechanical or electronic trigger unit (13), which is
attachable to the action (2).
[0027] The ammunition (9) which may be fired using a bolt action
part (1) having a device (8) for electrical firing is preferably
centerfire cartridges, in which the primer is electrically
insulated in relation to the base (10) of the cartridge (9), which
encloses the primer around the edges.
[0028] As may be inferred from FIG. 2, for example, in the case of
the bolt action part (1) according to the Invention, the one or
more devices (8) for firing ammunition or a cartridge (9), which
may be provided on the muzzle side in front of the bolt action part
(1), may comprise--instead of an electrical firing device--one or
more devices (16) for generating one or more laser beams, the
generated laser beam(s) being able to be oriented and/or focused
directly or indirectly on the center and/or edge of the base (10)
of the ammunition or cartridge (9).
[0029] The device (16) for generating the laser beam(s) may
comprise, for example, one or more laser diodes, semiconductor
lasers, excimer lasers, gas lasers, solid-state lasers, solid-state
laser diodes, chemical lasers, molecular gas lasers, or optically
excited molecular gas lasers.
[0030] Preferably, in this embodiment of the bolt action part (1)
according to the invention having laser firing, the ammunition
recoil plate (6) of the bolt action part (1) may be implemented as
closed gas-tight and may comprise at least one pane (17) or plate
which is transparent to the generated laser beam for the passage of
the laser beam, which is generated by the device (16) for
generating a laser beam, onto the base (10) of the ammunition or
cartridge (9).
[0031] In the beam path between the device (16) for generating a
laser beam and the base (10) of the cartridge or ammunition (9),
one or more optical or electronic convergent lenses may be provided
for focusing the laser beam on the central area or on the edge area
of the base (10) of ammunition or a cartridge (9).
[0032] A special advantage of the bolt action part (1) using laser
firing according to the invention is that the ammunition (9) which
may be fired using a bolt action part (1) having a device (8) for
laser-based firing is preferably rimfire cartridges or centerfire
cartridges of a typical construction.
[0033] In preferred embodiments, one or more devices (14) for power
generation and/or one or more devices (15) for power storage may be
provided in the bolt action part (1) and/or in the stock (4) and/or
in the action (2).
[0034] The devices (14) for power generation may be based, for
example, on the piezo principle or may be implemented in the form
of mechanical generators or in the form of photovoltaic
elements.
[0035] The devices (15) for power storage may be implemented, for
example, in the form of capacitors and/or storage cells or
batteries.
[0036] The bolt action part (1) according to the invention may also
be a component of a safety device for firearms, the safety device
being a safety using a safety lever operable by hand, a thumb
safety, a slide safety, a pushbutton safety, a hammer safety, a
magazine safety, an internal bolt safety, or a firing pin
safety.
[0037] As may be inferred from FIGS. 3 and 4 in particular, a
spring (18) may be provided in the bolt action part (1) as the
safety system, which can be reversibly completely or partially
tensioned or relaxed and/or is reversibly changeable in its
position and/or is reversibly changeable in its orientation using
an action-side and/or stock-side tensioning slide (19).
[0038] Typically, the device (8) for firing ammunition or a
cartridge (9) which may be provided on the muzzle side of the bolt
action part (1) may only be caused to safely deliver an electrical,
thermal, or laser-based pulse, which fires the ammunition or
cartridge (9), via the trigger unit (13) in the completely
tensioned state of the spring (18) and only in a specific
orientation and location of the spring (18).
[0039] A special advantage of the bolt action part (1) according to
the invention is that the firing time which passes between the
actuation of the trigger (13) and the electrical or laser-based
firing of the cartridge (9) is much shorter than in the bolt
actions of the prior art and is in the range from 0.1 ms to 2.0
ms.
[0040] A further significant advantage of the bolt action part (1)
according to the invention is that, in spite of containing a device
(8) for electrical or laser-based firing of a cartridge (9), it is
rapidly and easily replaceable with a bolt action part using
mechanical firing without prior reconfiguration measures because of
identical external dimensions.
[0041] Thus, in the event of very long-lasting, extremely low
temperatures, which are not compatible with the device (15) for
power storage, a replacement of the bolt action part (1) according
to the invention with a bolt action part having solely mechanical
firing device, which is typically in the hands of the legal firearm
owner in any case and is acquired upon firearm purchase, may be
performed rapidly and comfortably.
[0042] The device for triggering the electrical, thermal, or
laser-based firing device (12, 16) of the bolt action part (1) may
be, for example, a mechanical trigger unit (13) and/or an
electronic and/or electrical trigger unit (13), which is connected
by wire or wirelessly to the bolt action part (1).
[0043] For accident prevention of and for crime prevention, the
bolt action part (1) according to the invention may be connected by
wire or wirelessly to an electronic safety device.
[0044] Typically, this safety device may ascertain the usage
authorization of the user by inputting or reading in a specific
electromagnetic code and/or by inputting biometric data, for
example, and, on the basis of a subsequent comparison of the input
biometric data and/or the input electromagnetic code with biometric
data of a person authorized for usage and/or with electromagnetic
codes permitted for usage which were previously stored on a
firearm-internal storage device.
[0045] Preferably, this safety device only causes release of the
device (8) for firing the ammunition (9) with respect to a
shot-triggering signal of the trigger unit (13) in the case of
correspondence of the biometric data and/or the electromagnetic
codes.
[0046] This safety device may be reversibly or irreversibly
provided, for example, in the bolt action part (1) and/or in the
action (2) and/or in the shaft (4) and/or in the trigger unit (13)
and may optionally comprise a card reader or a device for detecting
a fingerprint or the eyeground.
[0047] Alternatively or additionally thereto, the bolt action part
(1) according to the invention may be connected by wire or
wirelessly to an electronic safety device or comprise an electronic
safety device, which is implemented in the form of an electrical or
electronic switch, for example.
[0048] This safety switch may preferably be reversibly movable back
and forth between at least one safety setting and one fire setting,
a release of the device (8) for firing the ammunition (9) with
respect to a shot-triggering signal of the trigger unit (13) only
occurring in the case of the fire setting.
[0049] This switch-shaped safety device may also be reversibly or
irreversibly provided in the bolt action part (1) and/or in the
action (2) and/or in the shaft (4) and/or in the trigger unit
(13).
[0050] For shooter identification, the bolt action part (1)
according to the invention may be connected by wire or wirelessly
to a one-part or multipart device for ascertaining and storing the
time of day and the date of an indirect or direct actuation of the
device (8) for firing a cartridge (9), or may comprise such a
device.
[0051] Alternatively or additionally to the above-mentioned device,
the bolt action part (1) according to the invention may be
connected by wire or wirelessly to a one-part or multipart device
for obtaining and storing biometric data of the person who has
indirectly or directly activated the device (8) for firing
ammunition (9), or may comprise such a device.
[0052] Each of the two above-mentioned devices may be reversibly or
irreversibly provided in the bolt action part (1) and/or in the
action (2) and/or in the shaft (4) and/or in the trigger unit
(13).
[0053] In especially preferred embodiments, the bolt action part
(1) according to the invention may comprise one or more acoustic
and/or optical and/or mechanical display devices for the power
supply state or charge state of the device (15) for power storage
and/or the functional capability of the device (14) for power
generation and/or the readiness of the device (12) for generating
an electrical pulse and/or the readiness of the device (16) for
generating a laser beam, or may be connected by wire or wirelessly
thereto.
[0054] The bolt action part (1) according to the invention
generally carries, protruding on its exterior, one or more locking
cams or locking bumps for engaging in corresponding openings of the
action (2).
[0055] The bolt action part (1) according to the invention
typically comprises, in the lateral area of its ammunition recoil
plate (6), one or more claw-like devices for automatically
extracting the empty casing from the cartridge chamber after the
bullet has left the barrel.
[0056] In summary, it may be stated that in the scope of the
present invention, a bolt action part for firearms is provided,
which ensures that an especially short firing time, which lies
between the actuation of the trigger and the firing of the
cartridge, is maintained, for example, in the range from 0.1 ms to
2.0 ms.
[0057] A special advantage of the bolt action part according to the
invention is thus that upon its use, outstanding shot precision is
fundamentally also achievable because of the extremely short firing
time between actuation of the trigger and firing of the
cartridge.
[0058] In particular in comparison to the known bolt action parts
having purely mechanical firing devices, upon use of the bolt
action part according to the invention, significantly improved shot
precision is achievable.
[0059] This is because in the case of the bolt action part
according to the invention, the number of moving parts is also
especially low.
[0060] Because of the low number of moving parts and the extremely
slight mass movements connected thereto, the occurrence of
oscillations which negatively influence the shot precision is
significantly reduced or prevented entirely. A significant
improvement of the shot precision is thus also achieved in this
way.
[0061] Furthermore, it is advantageous in the case of the bolt
action part according to the invention that the required
maintenance effort is extremely low, because oiling of mechanical
parts is dispensed with.
[0062] It is particularly advantageous in the case of the bolt
action part according to the invention that, because of identical
external dimensions, it is rapidly, easily, and readily
exchangeable without prior reconfiguration measures for an already
existing bolt action part having purely mechanical firing device,
so that a changeover to the bolt action part according to the
invention using electrical or laser-based firing is possible
rapidly and readily for the user of a firearm having mechanically
firing bolt action.
[0063] Furthermore, its low weight is advantageous in the bolt
action part according to the invention, which is significantly less
than the weight of a bolt action part having purely mechanical
firing device.
[0064] Finally, the bolt action part according to the invention is
also advantageous because its production costs are lower, in
particular because of the lower number of moving parts, than the
production costs which are to be spent for a bolt action part
having purely mechanical firing device.
* * * * *