U.S. patent application number 12/098744 was filed with the patent office on 2009-10-08 for underwater device for rov installable tools.
This patent application is currently assigned to VIV Suppression, Inc.. Invention is credited to Billy L. Griffith, Rodney H. Masters.
Application Number | 20090252558 12/098744 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 41133425 |
Filed Date | 2009-10-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20090252558 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Masters; Rodney H. ; et
al. |
October 8, 2009 |
UNDERWATER DEVICE FOR ROV INSTALLABLE TOOLS
Abstract
Methods and apparatus for installing underwater devices. The
apparatus can include a body having at least one pair of support
members extending therefrom. At least one actuator, adapted to move
in a linear direction, can be disposed on each support member, and
at least one connector can be disposed on each actuator.
Inventors: |
Masters; Rodney H.;
(Houston, TX) ; Griffith; Billy L.; (Houston,
TX) |
Correspondence
Address: |
EDMONDS, P.C.
16815 ROYAL CREST DRIVE, SUITE 130
HOUSTON
TX
77058
US
|
Assignee: |
VIV Suppression, Inc.
Houston
TX
|
Family ID: |
41133425 |
Appl. No.: |
12/098744 |
Filed: |
April 7, 2008 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
405/195.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21B 41/04 20130101;
B63C 11/52 20130101; B63B 2021/504 20130101; F16L 1/123 20130101;
E02D 13/04 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
405/195.1 |
International
Class: |
E02D 29/00 20060101
E02D029/00 |
Claims
1. An apparatus for installing underwater devices on sub-sea
structures, comprising: a body having at least one pair of support
members extending therefrom; at least one actuator disposed on each
support member, wherein the actuator is adapted to move in a linear
direction; and at least one connector disposed on each
actuator.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the connector comprises a body
having two spaced apart protrusions defining a void
therebetween.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein each protrusion comprises at
least two tapered profiles disposed thereon.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein each protrusion comprises a
first profiled surface on a first end thereof and a second profiled
surface on a second end thereof.
5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the connector comprises a
threaded hole formed in the body for mounting on the actuator.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the body comprises at least
two spaced apart structural members having a buoyant material
disposed therebetween.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each support member is
disposed normal to a first side of the frame.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the body comprises a first set
of support members extending from a first end thereof and a second
set of support members extending from a second end thereof.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the body further comprises a
third set of support members extending therefrom, wherein the third
set is located between the first and second.
10. A system for remotely installing one or more underwater devices
on a sub-sea structure, comprising: a platform; at least one
deployment tool detachably attached to the platform; and at least
one or more underwater devices detachably attached to the one or
more deployment tools.
11. The system of claim 10 further comprising at least one carrier
for detaching the one or more deployment tools from the platform,
detaching the one or more underwater devices from the deployment
tool and returning the one or more deployment tools to the
platform.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the carrier comprises one or
more divers, one or more remotely operated vehicles, or any
combination thereof.
13. The system of claim 11, wherein the one or more underwater
devices remain attached to a sub-surface structure.
14. The system of claim 10, wherein the one or more underwater
devices comprise strakes, fairings, or any combination thereof.
15. A method for remotely installing underwater devices on sub-sea
structures, comprising: detachably attaching one or more open
underwater devices to one or more deployment tools; detachably
attaching the one or more deployment tools to a platform; disposing
the platform proximate to a sub-sea structure; removing the one or
more deployment tools from the platform using a carrier; disposing
the one or more deployment tools proximate to a sub-sea structure
using the carrier; closing the one or more open underwater devices
held by the one or more deployment tools about the sub-sea
structure using the carrier; releasing the underwater device from
the deployment tool wherein the closed underwater device remains
attached to the sub-sea structure; and returning the deployment
tool to the platform.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the carrier comprises one or
more divers, one or more remotely operated vehicles, or any
combination thereof.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein the one or more underwater
devices comprise strakes, fairings, or any combination thereof.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein the one or more underwater
devices are released from the deployment tool using one or more
hydraulic actuators, one or more electric actuators, or one or more
mechanical actuators.
19. The method of claim 15, wherein the platform is disposed
proximate to the sub-sea structure using a surface mounted crane or
winch.
20. The method of claim 15 further comprising: returning the
platform and the one or more deployment tools to the surface after
disposing the one or more underwater devices on the sub-sea
structure.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to
apparatus and methods for remotely installing underwater tools on
sub sea structures.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Numerous challenges are encountered in offshore operations,
such as oil and gas exploration, production and transportation. One
such challenge is minimizing or eliminating the vibration of
sub-surface equipment and structures caused by currents and tidal
action. Typical marine structures susceptible to damage by currents
and tidal action include subsea pipelines, drilling and production
lines, import and export risers, tendons for tension leg platforms,
and other elongated, sub-surface, components and structures used in
offshore operations.
[0005] The flow of water around a rigid body, such as subsurface
equipment and/or structures creates a vortex on the reverse or
downstream side of the rigid body. The vortexes depart or shed from
the downstream side of the rigid body at a frequency that is
proportionate to the fluid velocity past the rigid body. Over a
given body shape, higher velocity flows will create a higher rate
of vortex shedding than lower velocity flows over the same body.
The vortices created by the flow are shed on alternate sides of the
rigid body (e.g. the first vortex will shed 90.degree. clockwise
from the direction of flow, the second 90.degree. counter-clockwise
from the direction of flow). The process of vortex shedding on
alternate sides of the body places alternating, 180.degree.
opposed, forces (i.e. a vibration) on the subsurface equipment
and/or structures. The frequency of the vibration will vary with
the velocity of the water flowing past the subsurface equipment
and/or structures.
[0006] This current induced vibration in marine elements is often
referred to as "vortex-induced vibration," or "VIV." When the
frequency of shedding the vortices is near the natural frequency of
the marine element, harmonic resonance can result in potentially
destructive levels of vibration.
[0007] Sub-surface shrouds, fairings, and/or strakes are commonly
used on equipment and structures to prevent or minimize
vortex-induced vibration. Ordinarily, strakes or other
VIV-reduction devices are installed on the surface prior to
deployment of subsurface equipment and/or structures. For existing
structures, VIV-reduction devices are frequently deployed using
divers for shallow water installations or using remotely operated
vehicles ("ROVs") for deep water installations.
[0008] ROVs are usually the preferred way to install devices
subsea, especially in deeper waters. In deeper waters, human divers
are exposed to potentially dangerous working conditions, which are
not a factor with a machine. An ROV is an underwater robot that is
usually controlled from the surface by an operator. Typical ROVs
are equipped with hydraulic manipulators, a vision system, and a
remote control system to allow the operator to maneuver the ROV to
a desired location under water to perform its intended task.
[0009] U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,994,492; 6,695,539; 6,928,709; and
7,316,525 each disclose hinged or clam shell underwater devices
that are manipulated by a ROV for installing a clam shell,
VIV-reduction device underwater. Such hinged or "clam shell"
underwater device requires a manipulator or clamp having mating
ends that rotate bi-directionally upon a pivot point within a
single plane. The mating ends of the clamp engage opposite ends of
the clam shell, VIV-reduction device in an open position and then
rotate or pivot bi-directionally within a single plane to a closed
position thereby closing the VIV-reduction device about a subsea
structure to be protected from VIV. Such clam shell design in the
deployment tool is inherently complex, requiring tight tolerances
on the tooling during manufacturing and assembly. Operationally,
adequate space must be provided for the tool's pivoting arms to
swing during opening and closing. Also, the force exerted by the
clam shell tool design when closing is greatly reduced as there is
a long moment arm disadvantage between the operating mechanism and
where the clam shell tool closes the VIV device. The existing clam
shell designs are also bulky and difficult for an ROV to handle,
and in some cases the clam shell tool must be supported by a
topside vessel when in operation.
[0010] There is a need therefore, for improved systems and methods
for deploying underwater devices about sub-sea structures.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] Apparatus and methods for installing underwater devices on
sub-sea structures are provided. In at least one specific
embodiment, the apparatus can include a body, a support member, and
a linear actuator. The actuator can be adapted to move in a linear
direction and can be disposed on the support member.
[0012] In at least one other specific embodiment, the apparatus can
include at least one deployment tool detachably attached to the
platform; and one or more underwater devices detachably attached to
the one or more deployment tools.
[0013] In at least one specific embodiment, the method for
installing underwater devices on sub-sea structures can include
attaching one or more open underwater devices to one or more
deployment tools; attaching the one or more deployment tools to a
platform; disposing the platform proximate to a sub-sea structure;
removing the one or more deployment tools from the platform using a
carrier; closing the one or more open underwater devices held by
the one or more deployment tools about the sub-sea structure using
the carrier; releasing the underwater device from the deployment
tool wherein the closed underwater device remains attached to the
sub-sea structure; and returning the deployment tool to the
platform.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] So that the manner in which the above recited features of
the present invention can be understood in detail, a more
particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above,
may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are
illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however,
that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of
this invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of
its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective
embodiments.
[0015] FIG. 1 depicts an isometric view of an illustrative
deployment tool for remotely installing an underwater device
underwater, according to one or more embodiments described.
[0016] FIG. 2 depicts a reverse isometric view of the deployment
tool depicted in FIG. 1, according to one or more embodiments
described.
[0017] FIG. 3 depicts an elevation view of an illustrative
connector according to one or more embodiments described.
[0018] FIG. 4 depicts an isometric view of an illustrative strake
for suppressing vortex induced vibration caused by fluid flow
across a structure according to one or more embodiments
described.
[0019] FIG. 5 depicts a partial cross sectional view of the strake
as depicted in FIG. 4, according to one or more embodiments
described.
[0020] FIG. 6 depicts an elevation view of the connector depicted
in FIG. 3 inserted into an illustrative connector lug according to
one or more embodiments described.
[0021] FIG. 7 depicts a plan view of the deployment tool depicted
in FIG. 1 holding the strake depicted in FIG. 4 proximate to a
sub-sea structure according to one or more embodiments
described.
[0022] FIG. 8 depicts an isometric view of the deployment tool, the
underwater device, and the sub-sea structure depicted in FIG. 7
according to one or more embodiments described.
[0023] FIG. 9 depicts a plan view of the deployment tool depicted
in FIG. 1 attaching the strake depicted in FIG. 4 to the sub-sea
structure depicted in FIG. 7 according to one or more embodiments
described.
[0024] FIG. 10 depicts an isometric view of the deployment tool,
the underwater device, and the sub-sea structure depicted in FIG. 9
according to one or more embodiments described.
[0025] FIG. 11 depicts a plan view of the deployment tool depicted
in FIG. 1 after attaching the strake depicted in FIG. 4 to the
sub-sea structure depicted in FIG. 7 according to one or more
embodiments described.
[0026] FIG. 12 depicts an isometric view of the deployment tool,
the underwater device, and the sub-sea structure depicted in FIG.
11 according to one or more embodiments described.
[0027] FIG. 13 depicts an isometric view of an illustrative
platform for storing or holding a deployment tool, according to one
or more embodiments described.
[0028] FIG. 14 depicts an isometric view of the platform depicted
in FIG. 13 having a deployment tool disposed thereon, according to
one or more embodiments described.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] A detailed description will now be provided. Each of the
appended claims defines a separate invention, which for
infringement purposes is recognized as including equivalents to the
various elements or limitations specified in the claims. Depending
on the context, all references below to the "invention" may in some
cases refer to certain specific embodiments only. In other cases it
will be recognized that references to the "invention" will refer to
subject matter recited in one or more, but not necessarily all, of
the claims. Each of the inventions will now be described in greater
detail below, including specific embodiments, versions and
examples, but the inventions are not limited to these embodiments,
versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having
ordinary skill in the art to make and use the inventions, when the
information in this patent is combined with available information
and technology.
[0030] FIGS. 1 and 2 depict isometric views of an illustrative
deployment tool 100 for remotely installing an underwater device,
according to one or more embodiments. As depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2,
the deployment tool 100 can include a body 110, support members 120
(four are shown), actuators 170 (four are shown), and connectors
190 (four are shown). The deployment tool 100 is not a clam-shell
device. The actuators 170 disposed on the body 110 can be actuated
to operate or move in a linear, single coordinate axis.
[0031] The body 110 can include one or more structural support
beams or members 115 to provide a frame or housing. The structural
support members 115 can be arranged in parallel as depicted and any
number of cross-beams or support members can be used to add
additional strength or support.
[0032] Each structural support members 115 can be hollow or solid,
depending on the strength and stiffness design requirements. In one
or more embodiments, each structural support members 115 can
include one or more fins, flutes, ribs, or other similar devices
disposed in, on, or thereabout to improve rigidity, strength and/or
stiffness. The structural support members 115 can be constructed of
a metallic, non-metallic or composite material. In one or more
embodiments, the structural support members 115 can be made of one
or more non-metallic materials including, but not limited to
engineered plastic, fiberglass, fiber reinforced plastic (FRP),
carbon fiber, or any combination thereof. In one or more
embodiments, the structural support members 115 can be made of
metallic materials including, but not limited to ferrous alloys,
non-ferrous alloys, or any combination thereof.
[0033] One or more panels 130 can be disposed between any two
support members 115. Each panel 130 can be negatively, neutrally,
or positively buoyant. In one or more embodiments, the one or more
panels 130 can be made of a positively buoyant material to provide
a neutrally buoyant deployment tool 100. In one or more
embodiments, each panel 130 can include one or more internal
chambers (not shown) to contain a fluid capable of changing the
buoyancy of the body 110. For example, the buoyancy of a given
panel 130 can be adjusted by injecting or releasing a fluid such as
a gas or liquid into the one or more internal chambers (not
shown).
[0034] Each support member 120 can extend laterally from the body
110. The support members ("laterals" or "arms") 120 are preferably
normal to the longitudinal centerline of the body 110, but can vary
from about 10.degree. to about 90.degree. from the horizontal. Each
support members 120 can be permanently or detachably attached to
the first side of the body 110. In one or more embodiments, the
support members 120 can be permanently attached to the first side
of the body 110 by welding, riveting or any combination thereof. In
one or more embodiments, the support members 120 can be detachably
attached to the first side of the body 110 by screwing, pinning,
bolting, or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments,
the support members 120 can be integral with the body 110.
[0035] Each support members 120 can be constructed of one or more
metallic, non-metallic, or composite materials. In one or more
embodiments, the support members 120 can be made of a metallic
material including, but not limited to ferrous alloys, non-ferrous
alloys, or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the
support members 120 can be made of a non-metallic material
including, but not limited to engineered plastic, fiberglass, fiber
reinforced plastic (FRP), carbon fiber, or any combination thereof.
In one or more embodiments, one or more fins, flutes, ribs, or
other similar devices can be disposed on, in, or about the support
members 120 to improve the rigidity, strength and/or stiffness of
the support members 120. In one or more embodiments, a corrosion
resistant coating suitable for use in fresh and/or salt water
environments can partially or completely encapsulate the support
members 120.
[0036] One or more gussets 125 can be used to support, strengthen,
and/or brace the support members 120. In one or more embodiments,
the gussets 125 can be permanently attached to the first side of
the body 110 and to the support members 120 by welding, riveting or
any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the gussets
125 can be detachably attached to the first side of the body 110
and to the support members 120 by screwing, pinning, bolting, or
any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the gussets
125 can be integral with the first side of the body 110 or support
members 120.
[0037] The one or more actuators 170 can be disposed on or about
each of the support members 120. The actuators 170 can be capable
of linear translation and/or displacement through a predetermined
range of motion. The actuators 170 can include, but are not limited
to one or more electric motors, one or more electromagnetic
actuators (e.g. solenoids), one or more pneumatic actuators, one or
more hydraulic actuators, one or more mechanical actuators or any
combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the actuators 170
can include, but are not limited to one or more hydraulic cylinders
filled with a fluid to achieve a linear displacement. In one or
more embodiments, the actuators 170 can incorporate one or more
internal springs or similar passive energy storage devices which
can permit the actuator to return to a predetermined "fail-safe"
position upon loss or removal of hydraulic pressure.
[0038] At least one connector 190 can be disposed on each actuator
170. The connector 190 can permit connect one or more underwater
tools or devices (not shown) to the deployment tool 100. In one or
more embodiments, the connector 190 can be a resilient or
deformable material to engage a complimentary and/or mating
receptacles disposed about the one or more underwater devices. For
example, the connector 190 can be a resilient or deformable
material adapted to snap-fit or friction fit into one or more
complimentary and/or mating receptacles disposed about the one or
more underwater devices.
[0039] FIG. 3 depicts an elevation view of an illustrative
connector 190 according to one or more embodiments. The connector
190 can include a single or multi-piece body 305 having a first end
310 and a second end 315. The first end 310 of the body 305 can
include one or more protrusions 330 extending therefrom (two
protrusions 330 are depicted in FIG. 3). In one or more
embodiments, the second end 315 of the body can provide one or more
attachment devices 320, such as one or more holes, adapted to
accommodate the actuator 170. In one or more embodiments, the
attachment device 320 can be a threaded hole to accommodate a
complimentary attachment device on the actuator 170. In one or more
embodiments, the attachment device 320 connecting the connector 190
to the actuator 170 can include, but is not limited to threads,
adhesives, pins, friction fit, or any combination thereof. In one
or more embodiments, the connector 190 can be integrally cast with
the actuator 170, for example as an integral casting with a piston
disposed within the actuator 170.
[0040] The one or more protrusions 330 can extend radially outward
from the first end 310 of the body 305. In one or more embodiments,
the protrusions 330 can extend from the first end 310 of the body
305 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body 305. A first
profiled surface 335 and a second profiled surface 340 of the one
or more protrusions 330 can have similar or different tapered or
angled profiles. The first profiled surface 335 of the one or more
protrusions 330 can maintain a constant or variable angle profile
with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the body 305. In one
or more embodiments, the first profiled surface 335 can be at a
constant angle, measured with respect to the longitudinal
centerline of the body 305, of from about 10.degree. to about
90.degree..
[0041] The second profiled surface 340 of the one or more
protrusions 330 can maintain a constant or variable slope with
respect to the longitudinal centerline of the body 305. In one or
more embodiments, the second profiled surface 340 can be equally or
unequally divided into a first portion 342 and a second portion
344. In one or more embodiments the first 342 and second 344
portions can be sloped at the same or different angles measured
with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the body 305. In one
or more embodiments, the first portion 342 can be sloped at an
angle of from about 10.degree. to about 90.degree.. In one or more
embodiments, the second portion 344 can be sloped at an angle of
from about 10.degree. to about 90.degree.. In one or more specific
embodiments, the first portion 342 can be sloped at an angle of
from about 75.degree. to about 90.degree. and the second portion
sloped at an angle of from about 30.degree. to about 75.degree.. In
one or more embodiments, the one or more protrusions 330 can be
capable of resisting a minimum applied shear force of about 3.6 kN
(800 lb.sub.f); about 4.4 kN (1,000 lb.sub.f); about 5.3 kN (1,200
lb.sub.f); or about 6.2 kN (1,400 lb.sub.f); or more without
deformation or severance from the body 305.
[0042] The one or more connectors 190 can be made of one or more
metallic, non-metallic, or composite materials. In one or more
embodiments, the one or more connectors 190 can be made of a
metallic material including, but not limited to ferrous alloys,
non-ferrous alloys, or any combination thereof. In one or more
embodiments, the one or more connectors 190 can be made of a
non-metallic material including, but not limited to engineered
plastic, fiberglass, fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), carbon fiber,
or any combination thereof.
[0043] Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, the body 110 can further
include one or more handles 180 disposed thereon. The one or more
handles 180 can provide a point of attachment and can permit
movement of the deployment tool 100 using one or more carriers,
such as a diver and/or a remotely operated vehicle ("ROV"). In one
or more embodiments, the one or more handles 180 can be attached to
or otherwise disposed on the one or more structural support members
115 of the body 110. In one or more embodiments, the one or more
handles 180 can be permanently attached to the body 110 by welding,
riveting or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments,
the one or more handles 180 can be detachably attached to the body
110 by screwing, pinning, bolting, or any combination thereof. In
one or more embodiments, the handle 205 can be integral with the
body 110.
[0044] The body 110 can also include one or more handles 180 and
one or more hydraulic interfaces 185 disposed thereon. The one or
more hydraulic interfaces 185 can permit manual and/or ROV
manipulation or cycling of the one or more actuators 170. In one or
more embodiments, the hydraulic interface 185 can be a no leak,
hot-stab type connector permitting leak-free or near leak-free
connection of an external hydraulic supply, pump, and/or system to
the deployment tool 100. In one or more embodiments, the hydraulic
interface 185 can permit the use of a hydraulic system external to
the deployment tool 100, for example an ROV-based hydraulic system.
One or more hydraulic lines can be routed from the hydraulic
interface 185 to the one or more actuators 170 disposed on each of
the support members 120 to provide fluid communication thereto.
[0045] The deployment tool 100 can be used to deploy one or more
underwater devices or tools including, but not limited to one or
more underwater vortex induced vibration reduction devices,
underwater inspection devices, underwater leak detection devices,
underwater leak repair devices, underwater pipeline repair devices,
underwater maintenance devices, underwater test devices, underwater
diagnostic devices, underwater monitoring devices, underwater
measurement devices, or any combination thereof. In one or more
embodiments, the one or more vortex induced vibration devices can
include strakes, shrouds, fairings and similar devices intended to
minimize and/or prevent vortex induced vibration. Representative
strakes, shrouds, and fairings are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
6,561,734; U.S. Pat. No. 6,702,026; U.S. Pat. No. 6,685,394; U.S.
Pat. No. 7,017,666; U.S. Pat. No. 7,070,361; U.S. Pat. No.
6,571,878; U.S. Pat. No. 5,984,584; U.S. Pat. No. 6,067,922; U.S.
Pat. No. 6,223,672; U.S. Pat. No. 6,010,278; U.S. Pat. No.
6,401,646; and US 2008/0050181. For clarity and ease of
description, the deployment tool 100 will be further described with
reference to a strake 400 as depicted in FIG. 4.
[0046] FIG. 4 depicts an isometric view of an illustrative strake
400 for suppressing vortex induced vibration caused by fluid flow
across a structure according to one or more embodiments. In one or
more embodiments, the strake 400 can include a housing 410, one or
more fins 420, one or more alignment stubs 450, and one or more
pairs of connector lugs 500. The housing 410 can have a split-body
or hinged-body configuration. In the split-body configuration, the
housing 410 can have two or more discrete pieces which can be
joined, fastened or otherwise attached together thereby permitting
installation of the strake 400 about an elongated sub-sea structure
(not shown). In the hinged-body configuration, the housing 410 can
have a longitudinal split allowing the body to pivotably open and
close thereby permitting installation of the strake 400 about an
elongated sub-sea structure (not shown). The illustrative strake
400 depicted in FIG. 4 is a hinged-body configuration. In one or
more embodiments, all or a portion of the strake 400 can be
constructed of a flexible material, such as a polyolefin including
polyethylenes like linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), for
example. The density of such materials can advantageously assist in
making the strake 400 neutrally buoyant.
[0047] In one or more embodiments, the housing 410 can be
cylindrically shaped, having an inner and an outer diameter. In one
or more embodiments, the inner diameter can accommodate an
elongated sub-sea structure, for example a riser, a tendon, or a
pipeline. In one or more embodiments, the longitudinal axes of the
housing 410 and the sub-sea structure can be coaxially aligned. In
a hinged-body configuration, the housing 410 can extend from a
first locking edge 432 to a second locking edge 434. When in a
closed position, the first locking edge 432 of the housing 410 can
abut the second locking edge 434 of the housing 410, thereby
permitting the attachment of the housing 410 to a sub-sea
structure.
[0048] The use of a flexible material for the housing 410 can
enable the housing 410 to flexibly open, and close about, the
sub-sea structure upon which the housing 410 is disposed. In one or
more specific embodiments, the housing 410 can be a unitarily
formed cylindrical structure. One or more fins 420 can be formed or
helically attached about the circumference of the outer surface 416
forming the housing 410. The number of fins 420 most effective for
reducing eddy formation is determined by the outer diameter of the
housing 410. In one or more embodiments, the fins 420 can extend
over the entire length of the housing 410 or any section/portion
thereof. The number of fins 420 disposed on the housing 410 can
range from 1 to 200, or from 1 to 150, or from 1 to 100, or from 5
to 60. The one or more fins 420 can be helically arranged or
disposed in any pattern about the body 305. The fins 420 can have a
projection from the surface 416 of the body 410 from about 0.05D to
about 0.5D. The fins 420 can have a height ranging from a low of
about 0.05D, about 0.1D, or about 0.15D to a high of about 0.2D,
0.25D, or 0.3D or more. As used herein "D" refers to the inner
diameter 415 of the housing 410.
[0049] Each fin 420 can be integrally formed with the housing 410
or each fin 420 can be a separate component that is affixed,
attached, or otherwise disposed on the outer surface of the housing
410. For example, the fins 420 can and the housing 410 can be
integrally formed by injection molding, insert molding, or
rotomolding techniques. If two or more materials are desired, 2K or
3K injection or insert molding techniques can be used. The fins 420
can be attached to the housing 410 using any suitable method,
including, but not limited to epoxy or other adhesives, thermal
fusion or bonding, fasteners, rivets, screws, nuts and bolts,
welding, or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments,
the housing 410 can have one or more fins 420 that are integrally
formed therewith and one or more fins 420 that are affixed,
attached, or otherwise disposed thereon.
[0050] In one or more embodiments, one or more alignment stubs 450
can project outwardly from the exterior surface of the housing 410.
In one or more embodiments, the alignment stubs 450 can serve as
engagement members for an ROV (not shown). In one or more
embodiments, the alignment stub 450 and the housing 410 can be
integrally formed such that the alignment stub 450 is an extension
of the housing 410. The physical shape and projection of the
alignment stub 450 can be determined based upon the physical
characteristics of the carrier, ROV, or deployment tool 100 used to
deploy the strake 400. In one or more embodiments, the top surface
of the alignment stub 450 can be rounded or tapered to aid in the
engagement of alignment stub 450 by the ROV or deployment tool. In
one or more embodiments, the alignment stub 450 can be centrally
located on the housing 450. Locating the alignment stub 450 at a
central point both longitudinally and laterally on the housing 410
can permit even distribution of the weight of the strake 400 on the
ROV and/or deployment tool 100, increasing the stability of the ROV
and/or deployment tool 100 while holding the strake 400.
[0051] FIG. 5 depicts a partial cross sectional view of an
illustrative strake 400 as depicted in FIG. 4, according to one or
more embodiments. In one or more embodiments, the two or more
connector lugs 500 can be disposed on opposite sides of the
longitudinal split on the exterior of the housing 410. In one or
more embodiments, opposing pairs of complimentary connector lugs
500 can be disposed proximate the first 432 and the second 434
locking edges of the housing 410. In one or more embodiments, the
one or more connector lugs have two side walls 510 extending
perpendicularly from a housing 565 disposed parallel to the first
432 and second 434 locking edges. In one or more embodiments, the
side walls 510 can be parallel and spaced apart from each other as
depicted in FIGS. 5 and 6. In one or more embodiments, one or more
slots or apertures 515 can be disposed in either or both side walls
510 to permit the detachable attachment of the one or more
connector lugs 500 to one or more connectors 190.
[0052] In one or more embodiments, each of the opposing connector
lugs 500 can include one male (projecting) connector 550 disposed
perpendicular to the first locking edge 432 and one female
(receiving) 560 connector disposed perpendicular to the second
locking edge 434. In one or more embodiments, the male connector
550 and female connector 560 can be as described in US
2008/0050181.
[0053] As depicted in FIG. 5, the male connector 550 can be
inserted into the opposing female connector 560. Inserting the male
connector 550 into the opposing female connector 560 can hold the
first locking edge 432 and the second locking edge 434 together,
thereby locking the strake 400 in a closed position. In one or more
embodiments, inserting the male connector 560 into the opposing
female connector 550 can provide a separation-resistant connection
between the male 560 and female 550 connectors. Although two male
connector assemblies 550 and two female connector assemblies 560
are depicted on the strake 400 as depicted in FIG. 4, any number of
similarly opposing male 550 and female 560 connector assemblies can
be disposed on the strake 400. In one or more embodiments, the one
or more male connectors 550 can be withdrawn or otherwise removed
from the one or more female connectors 560, thereby permitting
subsequent detachment of the strake 400 from a sub-sea structure.
The separation of the one or more male connectors 550 from the one
or more female connectors 560 without can permit the removal of the
strake 400 from the sub-sea structure without causing damage to
either the strake 400 or the sub-sea structure. In one or more
embodiments, the force required to separate the male connector 550
from the female connector 560 can be about 3.6 kN (800 lb.sub.f) or
more; about 4.4 kN (1,000 lb.sub.f) or more; about 5.3 kN (1,200
lb.sub.f) or more; or about 6.2 kN (1,400 lb.sub.f) or more.
[0054] FIG. 6 depicts an elevation view of the illustrative
connector 190 inserted into an illustrative connector lug 500
according to one or more embodiments. For clarity, the male
connector 550 and the female connector 560 are omitted from FIG. 6.
The insertion of the one or more connectors 190 into the one or
more connector lugs 500 disposed on or about the strake 400 can
detachably attach the strake 400 to the deployment tool 100. In one
or more embodiments, the attachment of the strake 400 to the
deployment tool 100 can be performed by surface and/or ship-borne
personnel and/or automated machines.
[0055] In one or more embodiments, the protrusions 300 on the
connector 190 can be press-fitted into slots or apertures 515 in
the parallel arms 510 of the connector lug 500. The sloped first
profiled surface 335 of the protrusions 300 can assist in spreading
the parallel arms 510 of the connector lug 500 a sufficient
distance to permit the insertion of the protrusions 300 into the
slots or apertures 515 in the parallel arms 510. After
press-fitting the connectors 190 into the connecting lugs 500, the
actuators 170 can be retracted to open the strake 400. The first
portion 342 of the second sloped surface 340 of the one or more
protrusions can have a sufficiently steep slope to prevent the
disengagement of the connector 190 from the slots or apertures 515
in the parallel arms 510 of the connector lugs 500 when the
actuators 170 are retracted.
[0056] FIG. 7 depicts a plan view of the deployment tool 100
depicted in FIG. 1 holding an open strake 400 proximate to an
illustrative sub-sea structure 700 according to one or more
embodiments. FIG. 8 depicts an isometric view of the deployment
tool 100, strake 400, and sub-sea structure 700 depicted in FIG. 7
according to one or more embodiments. The strake 400 can be
attached to the deployment tool 100 at the fabrication yard or on
the vessel by ship-borne personnel. Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the
strake 400 can be detachably attached to the deployment tool 100 by
inserting the connectors 190 on the deployment tool 100 into the
corresponding connector lugs 500 on the strake 400. In one or more
embodiments, after attaching the connector lugs 500 to the
connectors 190, the actuators 170 can be partially or completely
retracted to open the strake 400. Opening the strake 400 can permit
the placement of the strake 400 proximate the sub-sea structure 700
using the deployment tool 100 as depicted in FIGS. 7 and 8.
[0057] FIG. 9 depicts a plan view of the deployment tool 100
depicted in FIG. 1 attaching the strake 400 depicted in FIG. 4 to
the sub-sea structure 700 according to one or more embodiments.
FIG. 10 depicts an isometric view of the deployment tool 100,
strake 400, and sub-sea structure 700 depicted in FIG. 9, according
to one or more embodiments. Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, after
positioning the strake 400 proximate to the sub-sea structure 700,
the one or more actuators 170 can be extended using the hydraulic
interface 185. Extending the one or more actuators 170 can close
the strake 400 thereby inserting the male connectors 550 into the
opposing female connectors 560, attaching the strake 400 to the
sub-sea structure 700.
[0058] FIG. 11 depicts a plan view of the deployment tool 100
depicted in FIG. 1 after attaching the strake 400 depicted in FIG.
4 to the sub-sea structure 700 according to one or more
embodiments. FIG. 12 depicts an isometric view of the deployment
tool 100, the strake 400, and the sub-sea structure 700 depicted in
FIG. 11, according to one or more embodiments. Referring to FIGS.
11 and 12, the one or more actuators 170 on the deployment tool 100
can be partially or completely retracted using the hydraulic
interface 185 after inserting the male connectors 550 into the
opposing female connectors 560 and attaching the strake 400 to the
sub-sea structure 700. Retracting the actuators 170 can cause the
connectors 190 to withdraw from the connector lugs 500 thereby
detaching the strake 400 from the deployment tool 100.
[0059] In one or more embodiments, the second portion 344 of the
second profiled surface 340 of the protrusion 330 can assist in the
separation of the one or more connectors 190 from the one or more
lugs 400. As the actuator 170 is retracted, the second profiled
surface 340 can contact the parallel arms 510 of the connector lug
500, causing the arms 510 to ride up the first portion 342 of the
profiled surface 340 of the one or more protrusions 330. When the
parallel arms 510 reach the less steeply sloped second portion 344
of the second profiled surface 340 of the protrusion 330, the
connector 190 can detach from the one or more connector lugs 500.
In one or more embodiments, the force required to separate the one
or more connectors 190 from the one or more connector lugs 500 can
be about 0.9 kN (200 lb.sub.f) or less; about 1.8 kN (400 lb.sub.f)
or less; or about 2.7 kN (600 lb.sub.f) or less.
[0060] FIG. 13 depicts an isometric view of an illustrative
platform 800 for storing or holding a deployment tool 100,
according to one or more embodiments. The platform or rack 800 can
include a first ("lower") frame 820 and a second ("upper") frame
880. The frames 820, 880 can be connected to one another via two or
more support members 840. Any number of support members 840 can be
used, depending on the weight to be supported by the platform 800.
Each support member 840 can be extendable in a first direction to
vary the distance between the frames 820, 880. This allows the
platform 800 to accommodate varying heights or lengths of the
deployment tool 100.
[0061] The second frame 880 can include one or more hanger arms 882
disposed thereon. Each hanger arm 882 can be extendable and
retractable. Each hanger arm 882 can also include one or more
attachment devices 885 for holding or otherwise engaging the
deployment tool 100. Each attachment device 885 can include one or
more rods, hooks, or similar devices complimentary to the one or
more attachment devices 135 disposed on each deployment tool 100.
For example, the equipment attachment device 885 can be a hook, and
the complimentary attachment device 135 on each deployment tool 100
can be an aperture into which the hook can be securely
inserted.
[0062] The second frame support 880 can also include one or more
lifting lugs 890 disposed thereon. The lifting lug 890 can be
connected to a crane, winch or similar equipment to permit the
positioning of the platform 800. In one or more embodiments, the
lifting lug 890 can be integral with, or attached to the second
frame support 880 via welding, screwing, pinning or any other
permanent or temporary means of attachment. In one or more
embodiments, the lifting lug 890 can include a member having a
plurality of holes for the insertion of the one or more cables,
chains or similar devices connecting the platform 800 to a crane,
winch or similar equipment.
[0063] The one or more support members 840 can be disposed in any
order, arrangement and/or frequency about the frame 810. The one or
more support members 840 can project from the frame 810 at the same
angle or at different angles measured with respect to an upper
surface 820 of the frame 810. Preferably, the support members 840
project normally, i.e. at 90.degree., measured with respect to the
upper surface 820 of the frame 810. In one or more embodiments, the
support members 840 can be extendable, permitting adjustment of the
length of the support members 840 from the frame 810. Each support
member 840 can be temporarily joined or affixed at a desired length
using one or more connectors (not shown) including, but not limited
to bolts, screws, pins or any combination thereof.
[0064] The first ("lower") frame 820, second ("upper") frame 880,
and support members 840 can be made from a metallic, non-metallic
or composite material, including but not limited to ferrous alloys,
non-ferrous alloys, aluminum, engineered plastics, fiberglass,
carbon fiber, fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), or any combination
thereof. In one or more embodiments, one or more ribs or channels
or other structural strengtheners can be incorporated in, on, or
about the one or more first ("lower") frames 820, second ("upper")
frames 880, and support members 840. In one or more embodiments,
one or more corrosion resistant coatings can partially or
completely encapsulate the one or more first ("lower") frames 820,
second ("upper") frames 880, and support members 840.
[0065] FIG. 14 depicts an isometric view of the platform 800
depicted in FIG. 13 having a deployment tool 100 disposed thereon,
according to one or more embodiments. As depicted, the deployment
tool 100 can be hung or otherwise attached to the platform 800 via
the attachment device 885 disposed on the one or more hanger arms
882. Although not shown in FIG. 14, two or more platforms 800 can
be connected, either end-to-end or side-to-side, to provide
additional capacity for additional deployment tools 100.
[0066] In operation, a surface or ship-borne crew can attach one or
more underwater devices, i.e. the strakes 400, to one or more
deployment tools 100. The deployment tools 100, each having one or
more strakes 400 attached thereto can be attached to one or more
platforms 800. In one or more embodiments, all or a portion of the
deployment tools 100 can be attached to a platform 800 with the
actuators 170 retracted and strake 400 in the open position or with
the actuators 170 extended and the strake 400 in the closed
position. In one or more embodiments, a crane or winch can be
attached to the lifting lugs 890 of the platform 800. The crane or
winch can position the platform 800 containing the one or more
deployment tools 100 proximate the sub-sea structure 700, for
example one or more tendons, risers, pipes, or platform legs.
[0067] After deploying the platform 800 proximate the sub-sea
structure, the one or more deployment tools 100 can be removed from
the platform 800 using a carrier to engage the one or more handles
180 and the hydraulic interface 185. As used herein, the term
"carrier" can include, but is not limited to one or more divers,
one or more remotely operated vehicles, manually operated
submersible, robot, robot operated submersible, or any combination
thereof. The carrier can maneuver the deployment tool 100 and
strake 400 to a location proximate the sub-sea structure 700. After
positioning the strake 400 on the sub-sea structure 700, the
carrier can extend the one or more actuators 170. Extending the one
or more actuators 170 can close the strake 400, to engage the male
connector 550 with the opposing female connector 560.
[0068] After attaching the strake 400 to the sub-sea structure 700,
the carrier can retract the one or more actuators 170. Retracting
the one or more actuators 170 can disengage the connector 190 from
the lug 500. The empty deployment tool 100 can be returned to the
platform 800 by the carrier. The installation procedure can be
repeated until all or any number of strakes 400 is installed. The
platform 800 can be brought to the surface via the crane or winch
and re-used.
[0069] In one or more embodiments, any component, part, or device
described above including the entire tool 100, the body 105,
support members 115, 130, connectors 190, or strake 400 can be at
least partially made from a material, including, or having disposed
thereon, one or more marine growth inhibitors ("antifouling
agents"). Antifouling agents can be applied in any suitable form
such as a solid or a liquid. The one or more antifouling agents can
be applied as or included within a coating, such as a paint, paste,
lacquer, laminate, wax, gel, glue, epoxy, or resin; a solid, such
as a foil, bar, rod, particulate powder, or a wire. Illustrative
solid antifouling agents can include copper, zinc, titanium, tin,
tantalum, nickel, iron, alloys thereof, oxides thereof, and
combinations thereof. Preferred alloys include copper/nickel and
copper/beryllium alloys and other alloys known in the art to deter
marine life growth. Illustrative, commercially available coatings
or paints include, but are not limited to International Paint's
Intersleek 900, Intersleek 700, Micron 66, Micron Extra, all
available from International Paints; Trinidad, available from
Pettit; ABC Release 670 and 671, available from PPG; and/or Flag
CopperQuick Antifouling, and Flag Performance Extra Antifouling,
available from Flag Paint and Finishes. An antifouling system known
by the trade name Cuprotect can also be used.
[0070] Certain embodiments and features have been described using a
set of numerical upper limits and a set of numerical lower limits.
It should be appreciated that ranges from any lower limit to any
upper limit are contemplated unless otherwise indicated. Certain
lower limits, upper limits and ranges appear in one or more claims
below. All numerical values are "about" or "approximately" the
indicated value, and take into account experimental error and
variations that would be expected by a person having ordinary skill
in the art.
[0071] Various terms have been defined above. To the extent a term
used in a claim is not defined above, it should be given the
broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that
term as reflected in at least one printed publication or issued
patent. Furthermore, all patents, test procedures, and other
documents cited in this application are fully incorporated by
reference to the extent such disclosure is not inconsistent with
this application and for all jurisdictions in which such
incorporation is permitted.
[0072] While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the
present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention
may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and
the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
* * * * *