U.S. patent application number 12/392662 was filed with the patent office on 2009-08-27 for release device for a binding for a boot on a gliding apparatus.
This patent application is currently assigned to SALOMON S.A.S.. Invention is credited to Laurent DAMIANI, Jean-Pierre MERCAT, Daniel SOLDAN.
Application Number | 20090212534 12/392662 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 39745549 |
Filed Date | 2009-08-27 |
United States Patent
Application |
20090212534 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
MERCAT; Jean-Pierre ; et
al. |
August 27, 2009 |
RELEASE DEVICE FOR A BINDING FOR A BOOT ON A GLIDING APPARATUS
Abstract
A release device for a binding for a boot on a gliding board.
The device includes a rotatable motor with an output shaft bearing
a cam rotatable about a first axis; a lever pivotable about a
second axis between a closed position and an open position, the
lever having a large crank in contact with the cam, and a small
crank; a tripper having at least one control tooth, which is in
contact with the small crank when the lever is in the closed
position, and at least one release tooth; a rod movable between a
closed position and an open position, the rod being provided with a
notch in which the release tooth is engaged when the rod is in the
closed position. The motor can deliver a torque at its output shaft
of less than 2 mNm, or as little as less than 1 mNm. The cam
includes a plate bearing a cam groove, the cam groove including at
least two distinct, contiguous portions, viz., an initial ramp and
a release ramp, the initial ramp corresponding to a path of the
drive finger substantially along an arc centered on the first axis
and a minimal radius of close to zero.
Inventors: |
MERCAT; Jean-Pierre;
(Chavanod, FR) ; SOLDAN; Daniel; (Seynod, FR)
; DAMIANI; Laurent; (Villaz, FR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
GREENBLUM & BERNSTEIN, P.L.C.
1950 ROLAND CLARKE PLACE
RESTON
VA
20191
US
|
Assignee: |
SALOMON S.A.S.
Metz-Tessy
FR
|
Family ID: |
39745549 |
Appl. No.: |
12/392662 |
Filed: |
February 25, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
280/613 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63C 9/088 20130101;
A63C 9/0802 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
280/613 |
International
Class: |
A63C 9/088 20060101
A63C009/088 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Feb 26, 2008 |
FR |
08 01040 |
Claims
1. A release device for a device for binding a boot on a gliding
board, the release device comprising: a rotatable motor having an
output shaft extending along a first axis, a cam fixed on said
output shaft; a lever pivotable about a second axis between a
closed position and an open position, said lever comprising a large
crank in contact with said cam and a small crank; a tripper
comprising: at least one control tooth in contact with said small
crank when said lever is in the closed position; at least one
release tooth; a rod movable between a closed position and an open
position, said rod having a notch; said release tooth of said
tripper being engaged with said notch when said rod is in the
closed position.
2. A release device according to claim 1, wherein: said cam
includes a plate, and a cam groove is recessed within said plate,
said cam groove including at least two distinct contiguous
portions, said contiguous portions comprising an initial ramp and a
release ramp, said initial ramp being constituted of an arc having
variation in radius at the first axis of less than 20%, and
occupying an angular sector greater than 90.degree..
3. A release device according to claim 2, wherein: said arc of said
initial ramp having a variation in radius at the first axis A1 of
0%.
4. A release device according to claim 2, wherein: said large crank
of said lever has a drive finger engageable with said cam groove;
said initial ramp corresponds to a path of said drive finger
substantially forming an angular arc having a first angle, centered
on the first axis, and having a lesser radius; said release ramp
corresponds to a path of said drive finger between a first point,
positioned at a lesser distance from the first axis, and a second
point, positioned at a greater distance from the first axis, and
occupying, in relation to the first axis, an angular sector having
a second angle.
5. A release device according to claim 1, wherein: said motor is a
motor producing a maximum torque of less than 2 mNm on its output
shaft.
6. A release device according to claim 1, wherein: said motor is a
motor producing a maximum torque of less than 1 mNm on its output
shaft.
7. A release device according to claim 2, wherein: said at least
two distinct contiguous portions said cam groove of said plate
comprises a third portion comprising a final ramp; said final ramp
shaped as an arc has a variation in radius at the first axis of
less than 20%; said final ramp is contiguous with said release
ramp.
8. A release device according to claim 1, wherein: said large crank
has a length two times greater than a length of said small
crank.
9. A release device according to claim 1, wherein: said tripper is
pivotable about a third axis; a distance separating said control
tooth from the third axis is more than three times greater than a
distance separating said release tooth from the third axis.
10. A release device according to claim 1, wherein: said tripper is
pivotable about a third axis; a distance separating said control
tooth from the third axis is more than 3.7 times greater than a
distance separating said release tooth from the third axis.
11. A release device according to claim 1, further comprising: a
pivot connection by which said tripper is pivotable about a third
axis; the pivot connection of the tripper about the third axis
comprises two pins received in connecting bearings that have a
radius R52; a slope of a contact surface of the tripper which comes
into contact with said rod is determined such that a direction of a
contact force of the rod on the tripper, which is determined in
relation to the normal at the "rod/tripper" contact point by taking
into account a coefficient of friction .phi.2, is outside of a
circle K1, centered on the third axis and a radius R1, is the
following: R1=R52.times.Sin .phi.1, where .phi.1 is a coefficient
of friction existing between the two pins and the connecting
bearings.
12. A release device according to claim 1, further comprising: a
pivot connection by which said lever is pivotable about the second
axis; the pivot connection of the lever about the second axis
comprises a first pin received in a bearing that has a radius R50;
a slope of a contact surface of the tripper which comes into
contact with said lever is determined such that a direction of a
contact force of the lever on the tripper, which is determined in
relation to the normal at the "lever/tripper" contact point by
taking into account a coefficient of friction .phi.4, is outside of
a circle K2, centered on the second axis and a radius R2, is the
following: R2=R50.times.Sin .phi.3, where .phi.3 is a coefficient
of friction existing between the first pin and the bearing which
receives the first pin.
13. A release device according to claim 1, further comprising: a
locking mechanism configured and arranged to prevent disengagement
of said release tooth from said notch and to be movable alternately
between a locked position and an unlocked position.
14. A release device according to claim 13, wherein: said locking
mechanism includes a pawl having a first stop; said tripper
includes a locking tooth; when said locking mechanism is in the
locked position, said first stop is in contact with said locking
tooth of said tripper to prevent rotation of the tripper in a
release direction.
15. A release device according to claim 14, wherein: said pawl is
mounted for rotation about a fourth axis; said pawl includes a
second stop; said locking mechanism further comprising an abutment
and a latch spring; when said locking mechanism is in the locked
position, said second stop of said pawl is maintained in contact
with said abutment by means of a force applied to the pawl by said
latch spring.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.119
of French Patent Application No. 08 01040, filed on Feb. 26, 2008,
the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference thereto
in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The invention relates to a gliding apparatus equipped with a
release device for a device for binding a boot on the gliding
apparatus.
[0004] The invention relates in particular to a release device for
a device for binding a boot on a gliding board comprising a
rotatable electromagnetic motor, or the like.
[0005] In particular, the present invention relates to a device for
binding a boot on a ski comprising a releasable front retaining
element and a releasable rear retaining element, and further
comprising additional electronically-controlled means for opening
the binding, these additional opening means being equipped with a
release device.
[0006] 2. Background Information
[0007] The document WO 95/12440 discloses a device that includes a
releasable front retaining element, a releasable rear retaining
element, and additional opening mechanism. The front and rear
retaining elements are conventional mechanical binding elements for
a ski boot, namely, a front/toe piece element and a rear/heel piece
element, which release the boot from its ski when the boot is
subjected to loads beyond a given threshold. The load threshold
corresponds to the prestress value to which springs positioned in
the toe and the heel pieces are subjected.
[0008] The additional opening mechanisms are constituted by an
electronically-controlled latch, which releases the boot by
allowing the free translation of the heel along a slide rail. The
latch is actuated by means of a vertical translational movement. In
the normal resting position, the latch is maintained in a low
position by the force of a spring, whereas movement to the high
position is caused by the pressurizing of an annular chamber
surrounding the latch.
[0009] When skiing, but also under other conditions, the impacts to
which the gliding apparatuses, i.e., the skis and the bindings, are
subjected can be very substantial. For example, impacts occur
during skiing, i.e., when landing from jumps or passing over bumps,
e.g., and they occur when the equipment drops while in storage, or
even when laying the equipment on the ground. Given that the
mechanism controlling the release, i.e., the latch, is actuated
with a translational movement, such movement can be unintended and,
in certain cases, such movement can generate an undesirable
ill-timed release of the boot.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0010] The invention provides a release device for a device for
binding a boot on a gliding board, which operates in a more stable
fashion than prior art devices, and in particular a release device
which prevents ill-timed releases.
[0011] In addition, the invention provides a release device for a
device for binding a boot on a gliding board, which is less
expensive to manufacture.
[0012] Further, the invention provides a release device for a
device for binding a boot on a gliding board, which is more compact
than existing prior art devices in order to allow for better
integration into the ski and into the system of the boot binding
device.
[0013] Further still, the invention provides a release device for a
device for binding a boot on a gliding board comprising a rotatable
electromagnetic motor that consumes less electricity.
[0014] According to a particular embodiment, the invention
encompasses a release device for a device for binding a boot on a
gliding board that includes a rotatable electromagnetic motor,
having an axis A1, on the output shaft of which a cam is fixed; a
lever pivoting about an axis A2, between a closed position and an
open position, and having a large crank in contact with the cam and
a small crank; a release mechanism (or "trigger") that includes at
least one control tooth, which is in contact with the small crank
when the lever is in the closed position, and at least one release
tooth; a rod capable of assuming a closed position and an open
position, the rod being provided, at one of its ends, with a notch
in which the release tooth is engaged when the rod is in the closed
position.
[0015] In such embodiment, the rod is connected by its other end to
the boot retaining element, which is capable of moving away
therefrom, thus releasing and freeing the boot.
[0016] In a particular arrangement of the invention, there are a
pivoting lever and a tripper between the motor which controls the
tripper and the rod which does carry it out. This enables a
reduction between the force necessary to free the rod and the
maximum torque the motor can provide, without the need for gear
trains. This contributes considerably to reducing the current
consumption.
[0017] The invention can employ a motor that can deliver a maximum
torque of less than 2 mNm (milliNewtonmeter), or even less than 1
mNm, on the output shaft.
[0018] The use of a motor having a maximum output torque of less
than 2 mNm lowers the manufacturing costs as well as reduces the
volume of the complete device, due to a greater ease of
integration. This is all the more true when a motor is employed
whose maximum torque is less than 1 mNm.
[0019] Advantageously, the electromagnetic motor is in direct
engagement, i.e., there is no gear train between the motor and the
cam.
[0020] Advantageously, a drive finger is arranged at the end of the
large crank, this drive finger being in contact with the cam
surface.
[0021] Advantageously, in the embodiment being described here, the
cam includes a plate on which a cam groove is provided, and this
cam groove includes at least two distinct and contiguous portions,
i.e., referred to as the initial ramp and the release ramp, the
initial ramp being in the form of an arc whose variation in radius
at the axis A1 is less than 20%, as small as zero in a particular
embodiment, and occupying an angular sector greater than
90.degree..
[0022] Advantageously, the initial ramp corresponds to a path of
the drive finger between a point C1 and a point C2, the points C1
and C2 being positioned, or substantially positioned, at the same
distance from the axis A1.
[0023] Advantageously, the initial ramp corresponds to a path of
the drive finger substantially forming an angular arc having an
angle .alpha.1, centered on the axis A1, and having a radius
R.sub.min.
[0024] As long as the drive finger is in the initial ramp of the
cam groove, and given that this initial ramp has a quasi-constant
radius, or even a constant radius, the finger exerts on the cam
only a torque that is close to zero. Consequently, during the
entire time the motor carries out the rotation through angle
.alpha.1, the torque delivered by the motor is used only to
overcome its own inertia.
[0025] The motor selected is miniaturized, and its electricity
consumption is reduced as much as possible. It has a high rotation
speed and only delivers a very low torque, on the order of 1 mNm.
This is not a limiting characteristic of the invention, and motors
capable of delivering a torque greater than 2 mNm can be used.
[0026] In the release device according to the invention, the torque
required from the motor is directly proportional to the force of
the drive finger on the cam, but also to the radius to which the
latter is applied. Therefore, an initial ramp with a very small
radius is advantageous in order to have a low torque at the
start.
[0027] The torque C that the motor must exert in order to move the
cam, which is subjected to the force exerted by the drive finger,
is given by the following formula:
C=F.sub.finger.times.tg.phi..times.R.sub.ramp
where F.sub.finger is the force exerted by the drive finger on the
cam, .phi. is the coefficient of friction, and R.sub.ramp is the
radius of the ramp at the location considered. Advantageously, the
initial ramp, which corresponds to the start of the motor, is the
smallest possible. In practice, the radius of the initial ramp is
equal to the sum of the radius of the drive finger and of the
functional clearance.
[0028] Advantageously, the release ramp corresponds to a path of
the drive finger between the point C2, positioned at a distance
R.sub.min from the axis A1, and a point C3, positioned at a
distance R.sub.max from the axis A1 and occupying, in relation to
the axis A1, an angular sector having an angle .alpha.2.
[0029] Advantageously, the plate includes a third portion, referred
to as the final ramp, which is in the form of an arc whose
variation in radius at the axis A1 is less than 20%, as small as
zero in a particular embodiment, this final ramp being contiguous
with the release ramp.
[0030] Advantageously, the final ramp corresponds to a path of the
drive finger substantially forming an angular arc having an angle
.alpha.3, centered on the axis A1, and having a radius
R.sub.max.
[0031] Similar to what occurs when the finger is in contact with
the initial ramp, when the latter is in contact with the final
ramp, it does not exert any force on the cam. The motor then no
longer has any torque to exert, and its consumption, which is
proportional to the electric current that runs through it, is
reduced. It is possible to determine the operational limit of the
motor, without installing a sensor, but by monitoring the
electricity consumption.
[0032] Advantageously, the length L1 of the large crank is greater
than 2 times the length L2 of the small crank; in a particular
embodiment of the invention, the length L1 is greater than 2.7
times the length L2.
[0033] Advantageously, the distance D1 separating the control tooth
from the axis A3 is greater than three times the distance D2
separating the release tooth from the axis A3, and 3.7 times
greater in a particular embodiment.
[0034] Because a high reduction ratio is desired, and in view of
the space available, the ratios alone between the lever arms are
not sufficient. This is why the particular arrangement of the lever
and of the retaining rocker provides judiciously selected slopes
for the contact surfaces between the lever, the tripper, and the
rod.
[0035] Advantageously, the tripper pivot connection having an axis
A3 is ensured by two pins received in connecting bearings that have
a radius R52, and the slope of the tripper contact surface that
comes in contact with the rod is determined such that the direction
of the rod contact force on the tripper, which is determined in
relation to the normal at the "rod/tripper" contact point by taking
into account the coefficient of friction .phi.2, is outside of the
circle K1, having an axis A3 and a radius R1, R1=R52.times.Sin
.phi.1, where .phi.1 is the coefficient of friction existing
between the pins and the connecting bearings.
[0036] The direction of the rod contact force on the tripper does
not intersect with the circle K1.
[0037] Advantageously, the lever pivot connection having an axis A2
is ensured by a first pin received in a bearing that has a radius
R50, and the slope of the tripper contact surface that comes in
contact with the lever is determined such that the direction of the
lever contact force on the tripper, which is determined in relation
to the normal at the "lever/tripper" contact point by taking into
account the coefficient of friction .phi.4, is outside of the
circle K2, having an axis A2 and a radius R2, where
R2=R52.times.Sin .phi.3, and where .phi.3 is the coefficient of
friction existing between the pin and the bearing that receives
it.
[0038] Due to this arrangement of the lever and of the rocker, a
reduction is obtained such that the rod, while in the closed
position, is subjected to a force of approximately 120 daN; the
tripper being controlled by a motor delivering a torque of about 1
mNm.
[0039] The device according to the invention enables a reduction
ratio higher than 50 and, in a particular embodiment, as much as
higher than 100.
[0040] In one embodiment of the invention, the axis A2 and the axis
A3 are perpendicular.
[0041] In another embodiment of the invention, the axis A2 and the
axis A3 are substantially parallel.
[0042] In a particular embodiment of the invention, the release
device further includes a locking mechanism, which prevents the
release tooth from disengaging from the notch, the locking
mechanism being capable of being alternatively in the unlocked
position or the locked position.
[0043] Advantageously, the locking mechanism includes a pawl on
which is arranged a first stop which, when the locking mechanism is
in the locked position, comes in contact with a locking tooth
arranged on the tripper in order to prevent the rotation thereof in
the release direction.
[0044] Advantageously, the pawl is rotationally mounted about an
axis A4, and it includes a second stop, which is maintained in
contact with a bolt by means of a latch spring.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0045] The invention can be better understood upon reading the
description that follows, with reference to the annexed drawings,
and in which:
[0046] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pair of skis according to
the invention;
[0047] FIG. 2 is a partial view of one of the skis described in
FIG. 1;
[0048] FIG. 3 is a view of the release device according to a first
embodiment of the invention;
[0049] FIG. 4 is a partial view of the device shown in FIG. 3;
[0050] FIG. 5 is a partial view of the release device according to
the first embodiment;
[0051] FIG. 6 is a view of the plate of the release device
according to the first embodiment of the invention;
[0052] FIG. 7 is a partial view of a second embodiment of the
invention;
[0053] FIG. 8 is a view of the tripper;
[0054] FIG. 9 is a view of the lever;
[0055] FIG. 10 is a view of a cam depicted in the device shown on
FIG. 7.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0056] FIG. 1 shows a gliding apparatus according to the invention.
More particularly, the illustrated embodiment is a pair of skis 1
constructed and arranged for the sport of alpine skiing. Each ski 1
is equipped with a binding device 47 for releasably retaining a
boot 48 on its respective ski. To guarantee the user's safety, the
binding devices 47 are equipped with a release device 4.
[0057] FIG. 2 is a partial view of one of the skis 1 illustrated in
FIG. 1, showing the binding device 47, which includes a front
retaining element or binding 2, or toe piece, for engaging the toe
of the boot, a rear retaining element or binding 3, or heel piece,
for engaging the heel of the boot, as well as the release device 4
according to the invention. The toe piece 2 is fixed on the ski 1
via a front interface 5. Similarly, the heel piece 3 is fixed on
the ski 1 via a rear interface 6.
[0058] The toe piece 2 is a conventional front binding with
mechanical release, i.e., it releases when the loads to which it is
subjected are greater than the prestress value of a first spring
positioned in the toe piece 2.
[0059] The heel piece 3 is a conventional rear binding with
mechanical release, i.e., it releases when the loads to which it is
subjected are greater than the prestress value of a second spring
positioned in the heel piece.
[0060] The front interface 5 and/or rear interface 6 can be
integrated into the toe piece 2 and/or the heel piece 3,
respectively, or even integrated into the ski 1. However, as is the
case in the embodiment shown, the front interface 5 and rear
interface 6 are independent parts that are fixed on the ski, and on
which the toe piece 2 and the heel piece 3 are fixed.
[0061] In the configuration described here, when the skier's leg is
subjected to forces directed in the horizontal plane of the ski,
including torsional forces around a vertical axis, it is the toe
piece 2 that releases and frees the boot. When the skier's leg is
subjected to forces directed in a vertical plane, it is the heel
piece that releases.
[0062] This configuration is not limiting, and any configuration of
retaining element with mechanical release is encompassed by the
invention.
[0063] The front retaining element, namely the toe piece 2,
includes a slide rail in which the body of the front retaining
element can slide. It is the sliding motion of the toe piece 2 in
the slide rail that constitutes the supplemental release. The
supplemental release is controlled by the release device 4
according to the invention.
[0064] Reference is made here to a supplemental release insofar as
this release is added to the two conventional releases known in the
field of alpine skiing, i.e., the release of the toe piece 2 and
the release of the heel piece 3.
[0065] Whereas the release of the toe piece 2 and the release of
the heel piece 3 are strictly mechanical, the supplemental release,
controlled by the release device according to the invention, is an
electronically-controlled release. The control of the supplemental
device by electronic means offers a number of advantages over the
mechanical release. For example, a release can be provided, which
is dependent upon the duration of the forces being applied to the
user's leg. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 7,438,307 and U.S.
Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0197607, the disclosures of
which are hereby incorporated by reference thereto in their
entireties. A release can also be provided that is controlled
directly by the user, such as, for example, by means of a button
positioned on the handle of the ski pole, or on the ski itself.
[0066] The device of the invention is not limited to being used as
a release device, which generates a supplemental release added to
the releases of the front and rear retaining elements. Indeed, the
device according to the invention can be used as a single release,
which can be associated, for example, with non-releasable front and
rear retaining elements such as stirrups or clamps. See, e.g., the
aforementioned U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
2008/0197607.
[0067] The release device 4 according to the invention includes a
housing 8 positioned on the ski, between the front interface 5 and
the rear interface 6.
[0068] FIG. 3 shows a bottom view of the housing 8 of the release
device 4. The housing 8 is fixed on the ski by means of four
screws, not shown in this drawing figure, which extend though four
holes 49 arranged on the housing 8. The housing 8 includes a
plurality of cavities 56, or depressions, in which are positioned
the various parts and elements that comprise the control device 4.
These cavities are closed by a lid 7 which is maintained on the
housing by means of a plurality of screws, six screws (not shown)
according to the illustrated embodiment. The release device
includes a motor 9 positioned and retained by being wedged in one
of the cavities of the housing 8. A cam 11 is fixed on the output
shaft of the motor 9, and it is rotationally driven by the motor 9.
A lever 12 is positioned in another cavity of the housing 8. It is
pivotally mounted with respect to the housing by means of a first
pin 50. The tripper 10 is also pivotally mounted in the housing by
means of two pins 52, in the form of protuberances projecting
therefrom, and which are received in corresponding seats provided
in the housing 8 and the lid 7, respectively. The rod 27 is
slidably mounted in a cylindrical cavity of the housing.
[0069] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the locking mechanism includes a
bolt 32, on which a cam bolt 34 is arranged. It also includes a
pawl 16 pivotally mounted with respect to the housing by means of a
second pin 51 and a handle 33 allowing for the actuation.
[0070] The release device 4 according to the invention also
includes two bars 13 fixed on the housing by means of plates 14,
and on which the force sensors 43 (see FIG. 5) can be fixed.
[0071] FIG. 5 shows a partial view of the release device according
to the first embodiment. The electronic component of the release
device 4 is positioned on a main plate 36, which is received in one
of the cavities of the housing 8. The main plate 36 is connected to
the motor by means of a motor cable 39, to the sensor 43 by means
of a sensor cable 42, as well as to a limit plate 37 located in the
vicinity of the pawl 16 and the tripper 10.
[0072] For reasons of simplification in explaining the operation of
the release device 4, FIG. 4 shows all of its mechanical parts, but
shows neither its electric elements nor its housing.
[0073] The motor 9 is not shown in FIG. 4, but the axis about which
it turns, namely the axis A1, is shown in a fine dotted line. The
cam 11 is also rotatable, as it is driven by the motor 9, about the
axis A1. The cam 11 includes a cylindrical body 54 and a plate 17.
The plate 17 includes a cam pathway 18, in the form of a groove 19.
This groove 19 receives the drive finger 35 of the lever 12.
[0074] The lever 12 is pivotally mounted about an axis A2, shown in
the drawing by a fine dotted line, and is embodied by a first pin
50. The lever 12 includes a large crank 20, at the end of which the
drive finger 35 is located, as well as a small crank 21, at the end
of which the retaining finger 22 is located. The drive finger 35 is
made from a wire which is forcibly inserted, i.e., frictionally
maintained, in a cylindrical cavity of the lever, and which
projects from the lever by a distance such that it can penetrate in
the groove 19 of the cam 11. The retaining finger 22, which is
subjected to greater forces than the drive finger 35, also
comprises a wire forcibly inserted in a circular cavity of the
lever 12, but it also includes a protuberance 57 of the lever which
is used to support the wire. The wires used are spring strands, for
example. They allow for very high local support pressures.
[0075] The lever can also be made as a unitary element.
[0076] The lever 12 is shown in FIG. 4 in the closed position. This
position corresponds to the position which the release device
occupies when the boot is maintained in the binding device. When it
is in this closed position, the retaining finger 22 is in contact
with the control tooth 24 arranged on the tripper 10. In this
closed position, the contact between the control tooth 24 and the
retaining finger 22 is maintained due to the pressure of the leaf
spring 23, which is fixed on the tripper 10 and takes support on
one of the walls of the housing 8.
[0077] The tripper 10 is pivotally mounted about an axis A3, which
is perpendicular to the axes A1 and A2. It includes a release tooth
25 provided to be fitted in a notch 28 arranged at one of the ends
of the rod 27.
[0078] The other end of the rod 27 is not shown in this drawing
figure. The other end is connected to the retaining element of the
boot, which is capable of moving away in order to release and free
the boot. In the example shown here, the retaining element adapted
to move away is the toe piece 2. The release device also includes a
locking mechanism 53. The locking mechanism 53 has the function of
maintaining the release device 4 in the closed state. Thus,
irrespective of the conditions measured by the sensor, the tripper
10 cannot pivot and, consequently, cannot release the rod 27.
Reference is here made to U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos.
2007/0170695 and 2007/0170696, the disclosures of which are hereby
incorporated by reference thereto in their entireties.
[0079] Such a locking mechanism is particularly advantageous
because if the electrical energy feeding the control electronic
circuit were to be lacking, or if the electronic circuit were to
fail, there would be a risk of ill-timed release. Thus, the locking
mechanism 53 makes it possible to re-engage the release device 4 if
the power supply were to be lacking while the device is in the open
position. Furthermore, when carrying out the procedures for testing
the functioning of the mechanical releases of the binding device,
i.e., of the heel and toe pieces, in order to verify compliance
with the standards, or during long term storage, it is important to
switch off the supplemental release, in order not to disturb the
verification of standards compliance.
[0080] The locking mechanism 53 includes a bolt 32 on which a cam
bolt 33 is arranged; this bolt is actuated by a handle 33 and acts
on the tripper 10 by means of a pawl 16. The pawl 16 is pivotally
mounted about an axis A4 defined by the second pin 51. The pawl 16
includes a first stop 29 adapted to come in contact with a locking
tooth 25 arranged on the tripper 10. It also includes a second stop
30, an anchoring structure 55 intended for connecting a latch
spring 31, and arranged on the opposite pawl 16, in relation to the
axis A4 of the second stop 30. Thus, the spring which works in
compression maintains the second stop 30 in contact against the cam
bolt 34 of the bolt 32.
[0081] The cam bolt 34 mainly includes two portions, namely a
"locking" portion and an "unlocking" portion. FIG. 4 shows the
locking mechanism in the "locking" position. In this position, the
portion of the cam 34 which is in contact with the pawl is the
"locking" portion. The pawl 16 is then pushed in the direction of
the tripper 10 and, thus, the locking tooth 26 is in contact with
the first stop 29. Furthermore, the tripper 10 is rotationally
constrained in the direction S by the leaf spring 23. Thus, the
contact between the locking tooth 26 and the first stop 29 occurs
perfectly. The rod blocks the rotation of the tripper 10 in the
direction opposite the direction S, so that, in this locking
position of the locking and closure mechanism of the release device
4, the tripper 10 is rotationally blocked in both directions.
[0082] A user's action on the handle 33, causing it to make a
half-turn, causes the bolt 32 to rotate by a half-turn. It is then
the "unlocking" portion of the cam bolt 34 which is opposite the
second stop 30. The latch spring 31 ensures that the contact
between the second stop 30 and the cam portion is properly
maintained. In this position of the pawl 16, the first stop 29 is
no longer opposite the locking tooth 26. Thus, the pawl does not
prevent the rotation of the tripper 10 in the direction S, referred
to as the release direction.
[0083] The release device 4 of FIG. 5 is shown from the top in
order to show other elements thereof.
[0084] The main plate 36 supports the electronic components of the
release device 4. These include a printed circuit, an input/output
device, which is connected to the acquisition/visualization
module.
[0085] The main plate 36 is connected to the motor 9 by means of a
motor cable 39. The main plate 36 is also connected to the sensor
43 arranged on the bar 13. The main plate 36 is also connected to a
limit plate 37 located in the vicinity of the locking mechanism 53
and the tripper 10.
[0086] The limit plate 37 includes a limit sensor 59 of the tripper
10, positioned in correspondence with the fin 40 of the tripper,
and a limit sensor 60 of the pawl, positioned in correspondence
with the fin 41 of the pawl. The limit sensors enable the
electronic device to constantly know the position of the tripper 10
and pawl 16. The sensor 43 positioned on the bar 13 informs the
electronic components of the release device 4 about the forces to
which the boot and the user's leg, are subjected.
[0087] FIG. 6 shows a front view of the plate 17 of the cam 11. A
cam pathway 18 extends on the plate 17, taking the shape of a
groove 19. This groove receives the drive finger 35. To facilitate
explanation, the cam pathway is the path followed by the median
axis of the drive finger 35. The cam pathway 18 is divided into
three distinct and contiguous portions, namely, an initial ramp 44,
a release ramp 45, and a final ramp 46.
[0088] The initial ramp 44 corresponds to the path followed by the
drive finger 35, from its resting position, defined by the point C1
in FIG. 6, up to a position defined by the point C2. This initial
ramp corresponds to an arc of circle centered on the axis A1 and
has a radius equal to R.sub.min.
[0089] This arc of circle C1-C2 defines an angular sector having an
angle .alpha.1 that is substantially equal to 130.degree..
[0090] Due to this configuration of the initial ramp 44 in the
first rotational phase of the motor 9, the drive finger 35 exerts a
torque close to zero on the motor axis. Indeed, this first
rotational phase of the motor is carried out with a constant radius
for the position of the drive finger 35 on the cam. Consequently,
during this phase, the torque delivered by the motor is used only
to overcome its own inertia.
[0091] Advantageously, the radius R.sub.min of the initial ramp is
very small, in particular smaller than 2 mm (millimeters).
[0092] The invention also encompasses the initial ramp 44 not being
made with a constant radius, but rather with a radius that varies
very slightly, for example a radius whose variation between C1 and
C2 does not exceed 20%.
[0093] The second portion of the cam pathway 18 is the ramp 45.
This release ramp corresponds to a path of the drive finger 35
between the point C2, positioned at a distance R.sub.min from the
axis A1, and a point C3, positioned at a distance R.sub.max from
the axis A1. The release ramp 45 occupies, in relation to the axis
A1, an angular sector having an angle .alpha.2.
[0094] When the drive finger 35 goes from the point C2 to the point
C3, the lever 12 rocks from the closed position (as shown in FIG.
4) towards the open position. In this position, the retaining
finger 22 is no longer in contact with the control tooth 24. Two
possibilities exist for the position of the tripper 10.
[0095] In the first, the locking mechanism is in the "locking"
position (as shown in FIG. 4). Although the retaining finger 22
does not prevent the tripper 10 from pivoting in the release
direction S, the tripper does not turn because it is prevented from
doing so by the contact between the locking tooth 26 and the first
stop 29. As described previously, this first possibility
corresponds to the case in which a "conventional" functioning of
the binding system is desired, i.e., in which only the releases of
the toe piece 2 or of the heel piece 3 can take place.
[0096] The second possibility corresponds to the normal functioning
of the release device. The unlocking device is in the unlocking
position, and the pawl 16 does not prevent the tripper from turning
in the release direction S. When there is no more contact between
the retaining finger 22 and the control tooth 24, the tripper 10,
pushed by the spring leaf 23, is driven in the release direction S,
the release tooth 25 exits from the notch 28 and the rod 27 is
released. The sliding of the rod 27 causes that of the toe piece 2,
which results in freeing the boot.
[0097] The third portion of the cam groove 18 is referred to as the
final ramp 46. It corresponds to a path of the drive finger 35
between the point C3 and the point C4. This is an arc of circle or
a straight line having a constant or quasi-constant radius with
respect to the axis A1. It occupies an angular sector having an
angle .alpha.3 substantially equal to 10.degree.. When the drive
finger 35 is in the final ramp, it no longer exerts any force on
the cam 11, so that the motor no longer has to deliver a
substantial torque. Given that the torque delivered by an
electromagnetic motor is proportional to the current which it
consumes, monitoring its electricity consumption makes it possible
to know at which moment the drive finger 35 reaches its final
position and, consequently, at which moment it is necessary to stop
supplying the motor 9.
[0098] The motor 9 is a rotatable electromagnetic motor, or the
like, which outputs a low torque of about 1 mNm. The release device
does not comprise any gear train on the output shaft of the motor,
but it is known that gear trains consume energy. The reduction in
the forces is obtained by a particular arrangement of the lever 12
and of the tripper 10.
[0099] The particular arrangement of the lever 12 and of the
tripper 10 includes in particular the shape of each of these two
parts, the distances which separate the contact points and the axes
of rotation A2 and A3, and the slopes of the contact surfaces
between the various parts.
[0100] The length L1 of the large crank is greater than 2 times the
length L2 of the small crank, and greater than 2.7 times in a
particular embodiment. In the example described, the L1/L2 ratio is
equal to 3.
[0101] The distance D1 separating the control tooth from the axis
A3 is greater than three times the distance D2 separating the
release tooth from the axis A3, and greater than 3.7 times in a
particular embodiment. In the example described, the D1/D2 ratio is
equal to 5.
[0102] Furthermore, the orientation of the contact surfaces between
the parts contributes to the reduction in the forces. This is
particularly the case in the area of the rod/tripper and
tripper/lever connections.
[0103] FIG. 8 illustrates a method for determining the slope of the
contact surface of the rod/tripper connection, which is referred to
as the first contact surface 62.
[0104] To determine this slope, the friction in the pivot
connection of the tripper with respect to the housing 8 and to the
lid 7 is taken into account. This pivot connection is ensured by
two pins 52 that are received in connecting bearings arranged in
the housing and the lid. These bearings have a radius R52.
[0105] The friction in the pivot connection is graphically
represented by a circle K1 having a radius R1=R52.times.Sin .phi.1,
where .phi.1 is the coefficient of friction in the pivot connection
between the tripper 10 and the connecting bearings 61.
[0106] The slope of the rod/tripper contact is then determined by
taking into account the coefficient of friction .phi.2 between
these two parts. The direction of the contact force of the rod on
the tripper is determined in relation to the normal at the
"rod/tripper" contact point 65. In order not to create a jamming of
the system and a blocking thereof, one must ensure that the
direction of the contact force 65 remains above the circle K1.
[0107] Similarly, the lever 12 must tend to rock when the tripper
wants to turn. FIG. 9 illustrates a method for determining the
slope of the contact surface between the tripper and the lever,
this contact surface being arranged on the control tooth 24.
[0108] The lever 12 is pivotally mounted by means of a first pin 50
having a radius R50. Taking into account the friction in the pivot
connection created by this first pin 50, it is represented by a
circle K2 having a radius R2=R50.times.Sin .phi.3, where .phi.3 is
the coefficient of friction in the pivot connection.
[0109] The direction of the contact force 66 between the tripper 10
and the lever 12 is determined with respect to the normal at the
"tripper/lever" contact point 67 by taking into account the
coefficient of friction .phi.4 of the tripper 10 on the lever
12.
[0110] The slope of the second contact surface 63 is then
determined so that the direction of the contact force 66 remains
out of the circle K2.
[0111] In view of the size of the system, the available energy, and
the release speed, a small and low torque motor is used. Therefore,
the force required for unlocking the system must be very low.
[0112] Consequently, it is imperative to know the coefficients of
friction for each connection as well as possible in order to
optimize the geometries of the friction surfaces between the
various parts; a compromise between jamming and the transmitted
force.
[0113] Due to this particular arrangement of the lever and of the
rocker, a reduction is obtained such that the rod, while in the
closed position, is subjected to a force of approximately 120 daN;
the release is controlled by a motor delivering a torque of 0.5
mNm.
[0114] The use and the operation of the release device according to
the invention will now be explained.
[0115] Initially, the user, or the technician if the user does not
have adequate technical skills to adjust the bindings, takes
his/her pair of skis and verifies that all of the elements
necessary for his/her safety are indeed present. The first
verification relates to the conventional front and rear retaining
elements. To this end, the user ensures that the handle 33 of the
locking mechanism 53 is indeed in the "locking" position. When the
locking mechanism is in the locking position, the release device 4
is inoperative, and the user, or the technician, can adjust the
heel piece 3 or the toe piece 2. These adjustments are not be
described in detail as they are widely known in the prior art. It
is simply noted that these adjustments include both a length
adjustment and the calibration of the springs housed in the toe
piece 2 and the heel piece 3.
[0116] Next, the user resets the handle 33 in the "unlocking"
position by rotating it 180.degree. about its axis. The user then
uses the acquisition/visualization module 58 (see FIG. 2), which
includes a display screen and one or more acquisition buttons or a
cursor, or any other means for exchanging information. The
acquisition/visualization module 58 is used for routine checks,
e.g., whether the release device is turned on, whether it has
sufficient energy (whether the battery charged, e.g.), and enables
the user to enter certain data on his/her skiing technical skills,
and on snow conditions.
[0117] These preliminary verifications are not always necessary if
the same user uses his/her skis on several occasions.
[0118] Once the verifications have been performed, the user can put
on his/her skis and can begin skiing. A plurality of exemplary
cases may arise when skiing; for reasons of simplification, only
three of such cases will be described.
[0119] In the first case, the user makes a quick forward fall in
the direction of the skis. In this case, it is the heel piece 3
that releases and frees the boot.
[0120] In the second case, the user is subjected to a quick leg
twisting. In this case, it is the toe piece 2 that releases and
frees the boot.
[0121] The first two cases are conventional release situations. In
any case, the release situations are resolved by the binding
devices such as are currently known on the market.
[0122] In the third exemplary case, the leg twisting/or the leg
forward tilting are not as fast; or yet these forces do not reach
the release threshold of the toe piece 2 or of the heel piece 3,
but they are applied for a period of time such that they can
endanger the user. This last case often occurs during falls while
at a stop.
[0123] It is in this third case in particular that the release
device comes into play. The sensor 43 (see FIG. 5) positioned on
the bar 13 constantly measures the forces to which the toe piece is
subjected and, through it, the forces to which the boot and the
user's leg are subjected. The value of these forces is constantly
analyzed by the electronic circuit that is present on the main
plate 36. The electronic circuit contains the programming of a
release law which determines, depending upon the value of the
forces and the time during which they are applied to the user's
leg, whether or not the release must be initiated.
[0124] When the release must be initiated, the signal is sent to
the motor 9. The rotation of the motor and of the cam causes the
lever 12 to rock until it reaches the open position. When the lever
12 has reached its open position, it no longer imposes any
obstruction on the tripper 10, which can pivot in the release
direction S. The rod 27 is released and, given that it is
translationally connected to the toe piece 2, the forces exerted on
the toe piece drive the rod 27. The toe piece 2 moves away from the
heel piece and the boot is released.
[0125] In order to resume the practice, the user must reset the
binding device. In the case in which the release device 4 performed
a release, the reset is done by pushing the toe piece 2 in the
direction of the heel piece 3. This movement also drives the rod 27
translationally towards the tripper 10, the latter still being in
the open position. As soon as the end of the rod comes in contact
with the tripper 10, the latter rotates in the direction opposite
the release direction S. This rotation brings the release tooth 25
in the notch 28 of the rod. The electronic circuit positioned on
the main plate 36 is informed of the return of the tripper 10 to
its closed position, due to the limit sensor positioned on the
limit plate, which cooperates with the fin 40 of the tripper. The
electronic circuit can then supply the motor 9 so that it turns in
the opposite direction, bringing the cam 11 back into its initial
position. The cam 11 returns the lever 12 into the closed position,
and the retaining finger 22 gets in contact with the control tooth
24. The release device then has returned to the closed position and
reset, and the user can safely put his/her skis back on.
[0126] FIG. 7 shows a partial view of a second embodiment of the
invention. Only the movable mechanical elements are shown in this
drawing figure. Those elements which structurally differ from those
of the first embodiment are identified by reference numerals having
the prime (') symbol. The housing, the lid, as well as the
electronic elements, are not shown in FIG. 7, although their
relative positions with the illustrated elements can be understood
from the foregoing description. The motor 9 drives a cam 11'. The
cam 11' includes a cam groove, the initial portion of which is
almost centered on the axis of rotation A1 of the motor. A lever
12' is pivotally mounted about an axis A2 by means of a pin 50'.
This lever includes a large crank 20' at the end of which is a
finger which follows the cam groove arranged in the cam 11', as
well as a small crank 21' which, when the lever 12' is in the
closed position, retains a control tooth 24' of the tripper 10'.
The tripper 10' is pivotally mounted about an axis A3 by means of
the pin 52'. The axis A3 is parallel to the axis A2 and to the axis
A1. A release tooth 25', which retains the rod 27, is arranged on
the tripper 10'.
[0127] FIG. 10 shows a front view of the cam 11' of the device
shown on FIG. 7. A cam pathway 18 extends on the cam 11', in the
form of a groove 19. This groove receives the drive finger 35'. To
facilitate explanation, the cam pathway is represented by the path
followed by the median axis of the drive finger 35'. The cam
pathway 18 is divided into three distinct and contiguous portions,
namely, an initial ramp 44, a release ramp 45, and a final ramp
46.
[0128] The initial ramp 44 corresponds to the path followed by the
drive finger 35', from its resting position, defined by the point
C1 in FIG. 6, up to a position defined by the point C2. This
initial ramp corresponds to an arc of circle centered on the axis
A1 and having a radius that is equal to R.sub.min.
[0129] This arc of circle C1-C2 defines an angular sector having an
angle .alpha.1 substantially equal to 130.degree..
[0130] Due to this configuration of the initial ramp 44 in the
first rotational phase of the motor 9, the drive finger 35' does
not exert any force on the cam 11'. Indeed, this first rotational
phase of the motor is done with a constant radius for the position
of the drive finger 35' on the cam. Consequently, during this
phase, the torque delivered by the motor is used only to overcome
its own inertia.
[0131] Advantageously, the radius R.sub.min of the initial ramp is
very small, in particular smaller than 2 mm.
[0132] The second portion of the cam pathway 18 is the ramp 45.
This release ramp corresponds to a path of the drive finger 35'
between the point C2, positioned at a distance R.sub.min from the
axis A1, and a point C3, positioned at a distance R.sub.max from
the axis A1. The release ramp 45 occupies, in relation to the axis
A1, an angular sector having an angle .alpha.2.
[0133] When the drive finger 35' travels from the point C2 to the
point C3, the lever 12' rocks from the closed position towards the
open position. In this position, the small crank 21' is no longer
in contact with the control tooth 24'. The tripper 10' is then free
to turn in the release direction, the release tooth 25' exits from
the notch 28', and the rod 27 is released. The sliding of the rod
27 causes that of the toe piece 2, which results in the boot being
released.
[0134] The third portion of the cam pathway 18 is referred to as
the final ramp 46. It corresponds to a path of the drive finger 35'
between the point C3 and the point C4. This is an arc of circle or
a straight line which has a constant or almost constant radius in
relation to the axis A1. It occupies an angular sector having an
angle .alpha.3 substantially equal to 10.degree.. When the drive
finger 35' is in the final ramp, it no longer exerts any force on
the cam 11', so that the motor no longer has to deliver a
substantial torque. Given that the torque delivered by an
electromagnetic motor 9 is proportional to the current which it
consumes, monitoring its electricity consumption makes it possible
to know at which moment the drive finger 35' reaches its final
position and, consequently, at which moment it is necessary to stop
supplying the motor 9.
[0135] The invention is not limited to the various details and
embodiments described and shown, which are presented herein by way
of example, but covers all variations and equivalent
embodiments.
* * * * *