U.S. patent application number 12/307393 was filed with the patent office on 2009-08-13 for procedure of obtaining automotive fuels and the modified fuels obtained by means of this procedure.
Invention is credited to Radu Chiriac, Corneliu Dica, Bombos Dorin, Cristian Georgescu, Dennis J. Klein, Cristian Pamfilie.
Application Number | 20090199465 12/307393 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38922738 |
Filed Date | 2009-08-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20090199465 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Klein; Dennis J. ; et
al. |
August 13, 2009 |
PROCEDURE OF OBTAINING AUTOMOTIVE FUELS AND THE MODIFIED FUELS
OBTAINED BY MEANS OF THIS PROCEDURE
Abstract
The invention refers to a procedure of obtaining automotive
modified fuels with the help of this procedure based on treating
the fuels resulting from petroleum refining with the HHO mixture.
In full compliance with this invention, the procedure comprises
treating the fuel with a HHO gaseous mixture coming up as a result
of the water electrolysis, in the presence or in the absence of
catalytic agents, at temperatures between 20 and 100 Celsius
degrees, at pressures between 1 and 20 atmospheres, and as long as
0.2 to 8 hours.
Inventors: |
Klein; Dennis J.;
(Clearwater, FL) ; Chiriac; Radu; (Bucuresti,
RO) ; Georgescu; Cristian; (Bucuresti, RO) ;
Pamfilie; Cristian; (Bucuresti, RO) ; Dorin;
Bombos; (Bucuresti, RO) ; Dica; Corneliu;
(Constanta, RO) |
Correspondence
Address: |
DENNIS G. LAPOINTE;LAPOINTE LAW GROUP, PL
PO BOX 1294
TARPON SPRINGS
FL
34688-1294
US
|
Family ID: |
38922738 |
Appl. No.: |
12/307393 |
Filed: |
July 26, 2007 |
PCT Filed: |
July 26, 2007 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/RO2007/000015 |
371 Date: |
January 5, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
44/457 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10L 1/08 20130101; C10L
1/06 20130101; C10L 10/02 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
44/457 |
International
Class: |
C10L 1/12 20060101
C10L001/12 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Aug 1, 2006 |
RO |
A 2006 00613 |
Claims
1-2. (canceled)
3. A procedure of obtaining automotive fuels which comprises
treating the fuel with a HHO oxy-hydrogen gas made from the water
electrolysis, in the presence or in the absence of catalytic
agents, in a discontinuous sequence, or in a continuous sequence,
with or without re-circulating the gaseous mixture.
4. The procedure according of claim 3, wherein the HHO oxyhydrogen
gas is a mixture of 63-67% hydrogen and 30-35% oxygen.
5. The procedure according of claim 3, wherein the temperature
range in the bubbling process shell be between 20 and 100 Celsius
degrees.
6. The procedure according of claim 3, wherein the pressure range
shall be between 1 and 20 atmospheres.
7. The procedure according of claim 3, wherein the volume fraction
shall be 0, 1-6 Nm.sup.3/m.sup.3 of the HHO oxyhydrogen gas to fuel
ratio.
8. The automotive fuels obtained by means of the procedure
according to claim 3 comprising a hydrogen and oxygen content which
is higher by 2% and assures a reduction of smoke particulate
emissions.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a 35 USC 371 national stage application
of international application PCT/RO2007/000015 filed 26 Jul. 2007,
which claims priority from Romania application a 2006 00613 filed 1
Aug. 2006.
[0002] The present patent refers to a procedure of obtaining
automotive fuels and the modified fuels obtained by means of this
procedure.
[0003] The main objectives related to the petroleum refining
consist in obtaining fuels as gasoline or Diesel that would grant
an optimum operation of the spark ignition engines or the
compression ignition engines, respectively, and that would also
contribute to the pollution phenomenon generated by exhaust gases
decreasing, namely by means of lowering-down the smoke index, the
CO, CO2, hydrocarbon and NO.sub.x emissions.
[0004] The already known procedures used for hydrocarbons process
in view of obtaining automotive fuels consist in hydrogen treatment
of petroleum fractions.
[0005] Thus, a procedure of obtaining Diesel-type fuels consists in
treating the raw material resulted from the cracking process with
hydrogen at high pressures and temperatures, in the presence of
some catalytic agents. The first catalytic agent contains a metal
belonging to the IV-th group and a metal belonging to the VIII-th
group, placed on a non-acid support, and the second catalytic agent
contains a metal belonging to the VI-th group and a metal belonging
to the VII-th group, placed on a non-acid support (U.S. Pat. No.
5,865,985).
[0006] As concerns another procedure, further to treating the raw
material with hydrogen in the presence of a catalytic agent of the
large mash molecular sieve-type, having a "faujasita"-type
structure and an alpha acidity less than 1, that contains a noble
metal belonging to the VIII-th group, which favors the
hydrogenation/hydro-cracking process of the aromatic and naphthenic
compounds from the raw materials, there shall be obtained another
diesel fuel with a superior Cetane number (U.S. Pat. No.
6,210,563).
[0007] The gasoline obtaining procedure consists in the
hydrotreatment process of the mean fraction separated from natural
gasoline by fractioning method. Thus, a gasoline with a low content
of benzene will result, due to benzene transforming into
cyclohexane which in turn may be subsequently isomerized in view of
improving its octane number (U.S. Pat. No. 6,855,853).
[0008] A procedure to obtaining a low sulphur content gasoline
consists in the diolefine selective hydrogenation process under
special operating conditions by which the sulphur compounds that
are present in the raw material are partially converted into
heavier compounds while, the separation of the heavier fraction
rich in sulphur and its hydrodesulphuration process being made on a
specific catalytic agent (U.S. Pat. No. 7,052,598).
[0009] All these procedures are generally carried out at high
temperatures and pressures within installations which involved
large investments, and relatively high hydrogen consumption.
[0010] It is already known that an oxyhydrogen gas has been
obtained based on the controlled dissociation, in electromagnetic
field, of an alkaline aqueous solution. This gas, further on namely
as "the HHO oxyhydrogen gas" is a mixture of 63-67% hydrogen and
30-35% oxygen. The special qualities of this gas result from its
capability to react with materials of any nature, which justifies
the efforts to promote it to different industrial applications
(U.S. Pat. No. 6,689,258 B1 and the request published at the
international level under No. WO2005076767 A3, Mr. Dennis J. Klein
being the author of both of them).
[0011] The technical problem the invention solves consists in the
automotive fuels physico-chemical properties improving with
simultaneously diminishing of exhaust gas pollution level resulted
when using these fuels.
[0012] The procedure of obtaining gas, as per the invention,
comprises treating the fuel with a HHO oxy-hydrogen gas by its
direct bubbling, either in the presence or in the absence of
catalytic agents, in a discontinuous sequence, or in a continuous
sequence, with or without re-circulating the gaseous mixture, in a
temperature range of 20 to 100 Celsius degrees, and a pressure
range of 1 to 20 atmospheres, for as long as 0.2 to 8 hours.
[0013] The gas obtained further to applying the invention procedure
has a higher by 2% hydrogen and oxygen content and assures the
cutting-down of smoke and particulate emissions.
[0014] As a consequence of hydrocarbons treating by the HHO
oxyhydrogen gas is assured the improvement of the fuel burning
characteristics as well as the decreasing of the burned gas
pollution due to the HHO oxyhydrogen gas composition, which,
according to the invention, enriches the treated fuel both in
hydrogen reactive status, and in oxygen, as well.
[0015] This way, further to treating gasoline with the HHO
oxyhydrogen gas, one can noticed the characteristics modification
(density, boiling curve, chemical composition, and IR spectrum).
The improvement of the gasoline characteristics that have been
modified further to submitting it to the HHO oxyhydrogen gas
treatment, is evident by what is concerned its chemical
composition, the carbon, hydrogen and oxygen contents.
[0016] The procedure of obtaining gas by HHO oxyhydrogen gas
treatment, in accordance with the invention, has the following
advantages: [0017] it reduces the CO and CO.sub.2 emissions; [0018]
it reduces the hydrocarbon emissions; [0019] it reduces the smoke
number.
[0020] There are submitted 4 examples of achieving the procedure as
per the invention, also in connection with the Figures that
represent:
[0021] FIG. 1--the initial Diesel fuel composition, and its
composition after the treatment with the HHO oxyhydrogen mixture by
means of GC_MS;
[0022] FIG. 2--the smoke emissions while testing the initial Diesel
fuel, and the smoke emissions after the treatment with the HHO
oxyhydrogen gas in accordance with example 1;
[0023] FIG. 3--the particulate emissions while testing the initial
Diesel fuel, and the particulate emissions after the treatment with
the HHO oxyhydrogen gas in accordance with example 1.
EXAMPLE 1
[0024] A balloon that has been provided with a frit bubbling
system, a pressure and HHO gas discharge control and adjustment
device, shall be fed with 350 ml of Euro 3+ Diesel fuel. The HHO
gas discharge shall be adjusted at 3.5 l/h, and the bubbling
process shall be maintained at 25 Celsius degrees temperature and
at atmospheric pressure in the case of open vessel, for as long as
30 minutes. The reaction product shall be then analyzed by
determining the water content, the ash content, as well as the
content in the following elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
[0025] Table 1 summarizes data that are characteristics of the
initial fuels and of the final fuels after the HHO oxyhydrogen gas
treatment with.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Treated Treated Treated Initial Diesel
Diesel Initial gasoline as Diesel fuel as fuel as Indicator
gasoline per ex. 1 fuel per ex. 1 per ex. 2 Water content 0.11 0.13
0.20 0.20 0.20 Ash content 0.0027 0.0008 0.0064 0.0011 0.0011
Carbon 80.83 79.94 83.86 83.39 83.07 content, % Hydrogen 13.69
13.96 13.18 13.44 13.56 content, % Oxygen 2.61 2.84 0.12 0.23 0.31
content, %
[0026] The fuels chemical compositions were determined by means of
the GC_MS method (see FIG. 1). FIG. 1 indicates an increase in
hydrogen and oxygen content, and a decrease in the carbon content
for the Diesel fuel. In FIG. 1, the chromatograms indicate
significant modifications of the composition further to the
treatment with the HHO oxyhydrogen mixture.
[0027] Table 2 presents the initial gasoline composition, and its
composition after the treatment with the HHO oxyhydrogen gas by
means of the GC method (chromatograms of the gasoline samples)
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 B1 B2 B3 (after 15 (after 30 (after 45
Initial minutes minutes minutes Component gasoline bubbling)
bubbling) bubbling) C2 C3 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 i-C4 0.11 0.11 0.11
0.10 n-C4 1.41 1.48 150 1.35 i-C5 14.8 15.74 15.75 15.36 n-C5 1.52
1.61 1.61 1.59 2.2-DMC4 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.28 CC5 + MTBE 0.9 0.9 0.9
0.9 2.3-DMC4 0.53 0.53 0.55 0.54 2-MC5 1.97 2.03 2.03 2.04 3-MC5
1.23 1.28 1.28 1.29 n-C6 1.35 1.38 1.39 1.37 MCC5 0.83 0.87 0.87
0.88 CC6 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.06 MCC6 0.09 0.25 0.09 0.10 .SIGMA.(C4 -
C6) 7.78 8.81 8.52 8.17 .SIGMA.(iC7 + C7) 2.65 3.74 3.76 3.80 n-C7
1.14 1.06 1.06 1.08 Benzene 0.62 0.88 0.67 0.67 Phenyl methane
15.56 16.10 16.02 16.39 Et. Benzene 2.46 2.51 2.50 2.60 (p +
m)-xylol 8.74 8.91 8.88 9.24 i-p benzene 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.24 n-p
benzene 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.78 o-xylol 3.43 3.50 3.47 3.64 (p + m)
et.cndot.tol 2.82 2.88 2.88 3.02 o-et.cndot.tol 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.79
1,3,5-TMBz 0.91 0.93 0.92 0.98 1,2,4-TMBz 3.35 3.4 3.39 3.59
1,2,3-TMBz 1.06 1.08 1.08 1.15 .SIGMA.arom.cndot.grC9 5.79 5.65
5.92 6.28 .SIGMA.Co8+ 12.92 8.42 8.93 7.73 TAME 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0
TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
[0028] Table 3 presents a comparative diesel engine test report
obtained with a normal Diesel fuel and with the same Diesel fuel
treated with the HHO oxyhydrogen gas.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Operating parameter Variation (%) Diesel
fuel treated with the Super Diesel fuel Euro HHO gas in accordance
Super Diesel fuel 4 - Alpine Treated with with the volume ratio of
1:1 Euro 4 - Alpine the HHO gas in accordance relative to
Not-treated Not-treated with the volume ratio of 1:1 Diesel fuel
Comments Speed [rpm] 2600 1600 2600 1600 2600 1600 2600 1600 Power
[HP] 65.42 43.74 67.89 44.39 +3.8 +1.015 Imp Imp Specific 209.65
207.07 212.46 206.62 -2.06* -0.5** Imp Imp consumption 205.34*
206.02** Gas 542 485 549 495 -0.4* -2.06** Imp Imp temperature 540*
475** SN smoke 2.5 1 1.8 0.9 -30* -20** Imp Imp number 1.4* 0.8**
CO 0.04 0.07 0.04 0.04 -25* -57.17** Imp Imp emissions 0.03* 0.03**
CO2 8.5 8.4 8.7 8.3 -1.18* -2.38** Imp Imp emissions 8.4* 8.2** HC
17 18 18 16 -5.88* -16.67** Imp Imp emissions 16* 15** NO.sub.X
1900 2483 1998 3035 -0.53* +16.79** Imp Wor emissions 1899*
2900**
EXAMPLE 2
[0029] A metallic autoclave that has been provided with a frit
bubbling system, a pressure and HHO gas discharge control and
adjustment device, shall be fed with 350 ml of Euro 3+ Diesel fuel.
The HHO gas discharge shall be adjusted at 3.5 l/h, and the
bubbling process shall be maintained at 45 Celsius degrees
temperature, and at 10 atmospheres pressure for as long as 30
minutes.
[0030] The reaction product is then analyzed by determining the
water content, the ash content, as well as the content in the
following elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (see Table 1). One
can be noticed a decrease in the carbon content of the Diesel fuel
correlated with an increase in the hydrogen and oxygen content.
EXAMPLE 3
[0031] A balloon that has been provided with a frit bubbling
system, a pressure and HHO gas discharge control and adjustment
device, shall be fed with 350 ml of gasoline. The HHO gas discharge
shall be adjusted at 3.5 l/h, and the bubbling process shall be
maintained at 25 Celsius degrees temperature and at atmospheric
pressure in the case of open vessel for as long as 30 minutes. The
reaction product shall be then analyzed by determining the water
content, the density, the chemical composition and the content in
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (see Table 1). The chemical composition
of the mixture has been determined by means of the GC method. One
can noticed a decrease in the carbon content of gasoline correlated
with an increase in the hydrogen and oxygen content, as well as a
modification of the chemical composition. Thus, the content in
isopenthane, the content in the C4-C6 fraction and in the aromatic
hydrocarbons increases, and the content in the C8+ fraction
decreases, while the content in ethers remains the same.
EXAMPLE 4
[0032] The modified Diesel fuel testing as per Example 1 has been
carried out on an engine test bench equipped with a direct
injection diesel engine, 4 cylinders in line and a 17.5:1
compression ratio. The test bed is also provided with a speed
transducer, a mass fuel consumption equipment, a smokemeter and a
particles emission analyzer. The results related to the engine
fueling behavior are presented in FIGS. 2 and 3. It shall be
noticed that the smoke numbers and the particulate emissions
decreased comparing against the situation when normal diesel fuel
was used; however, the decrease values are more obvious at lower
outputs of the engine.
* * * * *