U.S. patent application number 12/009981 was filed with the patent office on 2009-07-30 for method of and device for abrasive machining and abrasive tool provided therefor.
Invention is credited to Alexander Bederak, Yevgeny Bederak, Alex Cooper, Richard Nastasi, Sergey Vladimirtsev.
Application Number | 20090191793 12/009981 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 40899716 |
Filed Date | 2009-07-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20090191793 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Cooper; Alex ; et
al. |
July 30, 2009 |
Method of and device for abrasive machining and abrasive tool
provided therefor
Abstract
Fine abrasive machining of a part includes providing a tool
having a plurality of successive portions configured and arranged
so that each preceding portion provides a coarser abrasive
machining while each subsequent portion provides a final abrasive
machining, and providing a relative movement of the abrasive tool
relative to the part so that first a portion of the tool configured
a coarser abrasive machining machines a part and thereafter a
portion of the tool configured for a finer machine provides
abrasive machining of the part.
Inventors: |
Cooper; Alex; (Brooklyn,
NY) ; Bederak; Yevgeny; (New York, NY) ;
Nastasi; Richard; (Commack, NY) ; Vladimirtsev;
Sergey; (Brooklyn, NY) ; Bederak; Alexander;
(New York, NY) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Iiya Zborovsky
6 Schoolhouse Way
Dix Hills
NY
11746
US
|
Family ID: |
40899716 |
Appl. No.: |
12/009981 |
Filed: |
January 24, 2008 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
451/37 ;
451/173 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B24D 7/14 20130101; B24B
5/18 20130101; B24B 9/10 20130101; B24D 5/14 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
451/37 ;
451/173 |
International
Class: |
B24B 1/00 20060101
B24B001/00; B24B 5/00 20060101 B24B005/00 |
Claims
1. A method of fine abrasive machining of a part, comprising the
steps of providing a tool having a plurality of successive portions
configured and arranged so that each preceding portion provides a
coarser abrasive machining while each subsequent portion provides a
finer abrasive machining; and providing a relative movement of the
abrasive tool relative to the part so that first a portion of the
tool configured for a coarser abrasive machining machines a part
and thereafter a portion of the tool configured for a finer
machining provides abrasive machining of the part.
2. A method as defined in claim 1; further comprising forming said
portions of the abrasive tool as concentric portions extending
around an axis of rotation of the abrasive tool.
3. A method as defined in claim 1; further comprising forming said
portions of the abrasive tool as abrasive disks which are arranged
successively after one another in a direction of an axis of
rotation of the abrasive tool.
4. A method as defined in claim 1; further comprising forming a
working surface of the abrasive tool so that it is inclined at a
predetermined angle.
5. A method as defined in claim 4; further comprising inclining an
axis of rotation of said abrasive tool at a predetermined angle, so
that at least one part of the working surface of an abrasive tool
extends substantially in correspondence with a surface to be
treated.
6. A method as defined in claim 1; further comprising forming the
portions of the abrasive tool integral with one another, to form
the abrasive tool as an integral tool.
7. A device for abrasive machining of a part, comprising a tool
having a plurality of successive portions configured and arranged
so that each preceding portion provides a coarser abrasive
machining while each subsequent portion provides a finer abrasive
machining; and means providing a relative movement of the abrasive
tool relative to the part so that first a portion of the tool
configured for a coarser abrasive machining machines a part and
thereafter a portion of the tool configured for a finer machining
provides abrasive machining of the part.
8. A device as defined in claim 7, wherein said portions the
abrasive tool are formed as concentric portions extending around an
axis of rotation of the abrasive tool.
9. A device as defined in claim 7, wherein said portions of the
abrasive tool are formed as abrasive disks which are very
successively after one another in a direction of an axis of
rotation of the abrasive tool.
10. A device as defined in claim 7, wherein said abrasive tool has
a working surface which is inclined at a predetermined angle.
11. A device as defined in claim 10, wherein an axis of rotation of
said abrasive tool is inclined at a predetermined angle, so that at
least one part of a working surface of an abrasive tool can extend
substantially in correspondence with a surface to be treated.
12. A device as defined in claim 7, wherein the portions of the
abrasive tool are integral with one another, so that the abrasive
tool is formed as an integral tool.
13. An abrasive tool for fine abrasive machining of a part, the
tool having a plurality of successive portions configured and
arranged so that each preceding portion provides a coarser abrasive
machining while each subsequent portion provides a finer abrasive
machining, so that with a relative movement of the abrasive tool
relative to the part first a portion of the tool configured for a
coarser abrasive machining machines a part and thereafter a portion
of the tool configured for a finer machining provides abrasive
machining of the part.
14. A tool as defined in claim 13, wherein said portions the
abrasive tool are formed as concentric portions extending around an
axis of rotation of the abrasive tool.
15. A tool as defined in claim 13, wherein said portions of the
abrasive tool are formed as abrasive disks which are very
successively after one another in a direction of an axis of
rotation of the abrasive tool.
16. A tool as defined in claim 13, wherein said abrasive tool has a
working surface which is inclined at a predetermined angle.
17. A tool as defined in claim 16, wherein an axis of rotation of
said abrasive tool is inclined at a predetermined angle, so that at
least one part of a working surface of an abrasive tool can extend
substantially in correspondence with a surface to be treated.
18. A tool as defined in claim 13, wherein the portions of the
abrasive tool are integral with one another, so that the abrasive
tool is formed as an integral tool.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a method of and a device
for fine abrasive machining of materials, and also to all abrasive
tool provided therefor.
[0002] Methods and devices for all abrasive machining, and abrasive
tools for them are well known in the art. In known machining
processes and equipment in order to provide a fine finished surface
an abrasive machining is performed by multiple instruments and
means, which carry out successive processes of removing the
material from a workpiece in a way that a coarser machining is
performed in preceding processes while a finer machining is
performed in subsequent processes. For example, for fine abrasive
machining of a glass surface, for example three spindles which
carry abrasive grinding tools are first used; then, for example
three further spindles with abrasive tools for prepolishinig
machining are used; and then three tools with abrasive polishing
slurry are utilized. Substantially similar processes, tools and
equipment are used for fine abrasive machining of other
materials.
[0003] With the above described known abrasive machining, a
significant number of tools with a complicated equipment and
multi-step processes are utilized, which are characterized by
increased cost of instruments and equipment, size of equipment, and
time of machining.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to
provide a method of and a device for fine abrasive machining of
materials, and an abrasive tool provided therefor, which are
further improvements of the existing methods, devices and
tools.
[0005] In keeping with these objects and with others it should
become apparent hereinafter, one feature of the present invention
resides, briefly stated, in a method of fine abrasive machining of
a part, comprising the steps of providing a tool having a plurality
of successive portions configured and arranged so that each
preceding portion provides a coarser abrasive machining while each
subsequent portion provides a finer abrasive machining; and
providing a relative movement of the abrasive tool relative to the
part so that first a portion of the tool configured for a coarser
abrasive machining machines a part and thereafter a portion of the
tool configured for a finer machining provides abrasive machining
of the part.
[0006] It is another object of the present invention to provide a
device for abrasive machining of a part, comprising a tool having a
plurality of successive portions configured and arranged so that
each preceding portion provides a coarser abrasive machining while
each subsequent portion provides a finer abrasive machining; and
means providing a relative movement of the abrasive tool relative
to the part so that first a portion of the tool configured for a
coarser abrasive machining machines a part and thereafter a portion
of the tool configured for a finer machining provides abrasive
machining of the part.
[0007] It is still a further object of the present invention to
provide an abrasive tool for fine abrasive machining of a part, the
tool having a plurality of successive portions configured and
arranged so that each preceding portion provides a coarser abrasive
machining while each subsequent portion provides a finer abrasive
machining, so that with a relative movement of the abrasive tool
relative to the part first a portion of the tool configured for a
coarser abrasive machining machines a part and thereafter a portion
of the tool configured for a finer machining provides abrasive
machining of the part.
[0008] When the method of abrasive machining is performed, the
device for abrasive machining is designed, and an abrasive tool is
configured in accordance with the present invention, instead of a
multiple equipment a multiple step operation, a single abrasive
tool can be used for abrasive machining starting from a coarse
machining and proceeding until a final machining of the part.
[0009] In accordance with another feature of the present invention,
a working surface of the abrasive tool used in the inventive method
and in the inventive device, can be inclined, and also a tool can
be configured as a rotary tool with an axis of rotation which is
inclined as well, so as to provide the above mentioned abrasive
machining of parts.
[0010] The novel features which are considered as characteristic
for the present invention are set forth in particular in the
appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its
construction and its method of operation, together with additional
objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the
following description of specific embodiments when read in
connection with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] FIG. 1 is an end, axial view of an abrasive tool in
accordance with the present invention, for use in an inventive
method of fine abrasive machining and in an inventive device for
fine abrasive machining;
[0012] FIG. 2 is a side view showing an abrasive tool in accordance
with the present invention;
[0013] FIG. 3 is a side view of an inventive device for fine
abrasive machining with the use of the inventive method and the
inventive abrasive tool; and
[0014] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of
an inventive abrasive tool, as well as an inventive method and an
inventive device for fine abrasive machining.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0015] FIG. 1 shows an abrasive tool in accordance with the present
invention which is used for fine abrasive machining in a device for
fine abrasive machining in accordance with the present
invention.
[0016] An abrasive tool in accordance with the present invention
has a plurality of individual portions which are identified with
reference numerals 1, 2, 3 and 4. It is to be understood that it is
possible to provide less than four portions or more than four
portions, depending on a material of a part to be treated, a degree
of fineness of abrasive machining, and many other factors. The tool
is formed as an integral tool including all above portions formed
integrally with one another.
[0017] The portions 1, 2, 3, 4 of the tool shown in FIG. 1 are
configured for providing a different degree or fineness of abrasive
machining. The preceding portions are provided for a coarser
abrasive machining, while subsequent portions are provided for a
finer abrasive machining.
[0018] If the fine abrasive machining is performed with the
abrasive tool shown in FIG. 1, so that the abrasive machining
starts by the center of the tool and proceeds toward its periphery,
then the portion 4 is configured for the coarsest abrasive
machining, while the portion 1 is configured for the finest
abrasive machining.
[0019] For example for machining a glass parts, the portion 4 can
contain abrasive particles such as diamond particles with a size of
150-200 micron and a concentration of 100%, the portion 2 can
contain diamond particles with a size of 80-63 micron and
concentration of 75%, the portion 2 can contain diamond particles
with a size of 40-28 micron and a concentration of 50%, and the
portion 1 can contain diamond particles with a size of 10-7 micron
and a concentration of 25%.
[0020] It is believed to be clear that the concentration is
selected in accordance with the international standards, wherein
100% concentration means that there are 72 karat in one cubic inch
of the portion.
[0021] It is to be understood that both the size of the abrasive
particles in the portions 1, 2, 3, 4 as well as the concentration
of the abrasive particles in these portions can be different,
depending on a material of a part to be treated, and other
parameters of the method.
[0022] If the fine abrasive machining is performed by starting from
the periphery of the tool and progressing toward its center, the
concentration of the abrasive particles decreases in the same
direction.
[0023] As shown in FIG. 1, the portions 1, 2, 3, 4 are formed as
concentric portions arranged around a common center or axis A.
[0024] With the inventive tool, in the inventive method and the
inventive device, various materials can be subjected to abrasive
machining, for example glass, ceramics, metals, ferrites,
semiconductor crystals, etc.
[0025] Various abrasives can be used as abrasive particles in the
corresponding portions, such as diamonds, cubic boron nitride,
aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide,
etc.
[0026] The machining of the materials can be performed for any
areas of corresponding parts, such as surfaces, edges, bevels,
arises, etc.
[0027] In accordance with a further feature of the present
invention, a working surface of the abrasive tool is inclined at a
predetermined angle to a horizontal plane.
[0028] As shown in FIG. 3 the inclination of the working surface of
the tool is performed with an angle .alpha. from the axis of the
tool and going to its periphery, uniformly around the axis A.
[0029] During abrasive machining of a part, for example a glass
part shown in FIG. 2, the tool is arranged so that the axis of
rotation A of the tool is inclined relative to a vertical axis by
an angle .beta. so that a part of the working surface of the tool
at one side of the axis A is for example horizontal (at the right
side of the axis A) and is in contact with the part to be machined,
while another part of the tool is not in contact with the part to
be abrasively machined (left side of the axis A.
[0030] When as shown in FIG. 2 the part to be machined, for example
a glass part, is displaced relative to the tool or vice versa, the
glass part is successively finely abrasively machined by the
portions 4, 3, 2, 1 of the inventive tool, thus successively
providing a coarser treatment, then a finer treatment, then a more
finer treatment, and then a final fine treatment by the
corresponding portions 4, 3, 2, 1.
[0031] In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3 the abrasive tool is
formed as an abrasive disk with an end-side abrasive layer that
include the above-mentioned portions.
[0032] FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the abrasive tool in
accordance with the present invention, which is used in accordance
with the present invention in the inventive device for fine
abrasive machining.
[0033] In the embodiment of FIG. 4 a centreless fine abrasive
machining is performed. For this purpose the abrasive tool is
formed as a roller having a plurality of disk shaped portions 5, 6,
7, 8, 9 integrally attached to one another to form a single
integral abrasive tool. A part to be machined is advanced between
the abrasive tool and an opposite rotating roller so as to be
successively finely machined.
[0034] Each preceding disk-shaped abrasive portion of the tool
shown in FIG. 4 provides a coarser abrasive machining than each
subsequent abrasive portion. The corresponding portions 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, can have a size of abrasive particles 150-200 micron, 100-70
micron, 50-30 micron, 25-15 micron, 10-7 micron, with corresponding
concentrations 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%.
[0035] The device for fine abrasive machining shown in FIG. 2
includes the abrasive tool described herein above, and means for
rotating the abrasive tool around an axis A which are known per se
in the art and formed for example as a rotatable spindle.
[0036] It will be understood that each of the elements described
above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application
in other types of methods and constructions differing from the type
described above.
[0037] While the invention has been illustrated and described as
embodied in a method of and a device for abrasive machining, and
abrasive tool provided therefor, it is not intended to be limited
to the details shown, since various modifications and structural
changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of
the present invention.
[0038] Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal
the gist of the present invention that others can, be applying
current knowledge, readily adapt it for various applications
without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art,
fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or
specific aspects of this invention.
* * * * *