U.S. patent application number 11/664916 was filed with the patent office on 2009-03-12 for architectural structure.
Invention is credited to Tsutomu Kamoshita, Ichiro Takeshima.
Application Number | 20090064625 11/664916 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36991039 |
Filed Date | 2009-03-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20090064625 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Takeshima; Ichiro ; et
al. |
March 12, 2009 |
Architectural structure
Abstract
An architectural structure comprises an outer peripheral tube
frame as a main frame in which a hexagon structural unit is rigidly
connected in a honeycomb-shape. The hexagon structural unit
includes a pillar and a beam or one part of a slab. Concretely, the
hexagon structural unit provides with two edges such that the right
side and the left side are symmetric. Two edges are edges of two
inclined pillars are connected. Two inclined pillars are inclined
in an opposite direction, along a perpendicular direction. The beam
or one of the slabs is respectively placed at an upper edge and a
lower edge along a horizontal direction. Thus, an architectural
structure comprises a tube frame having a novel basic structure.
Thereby, stability and earthquake-resistance of a structure can be
obtained in an architecture building, specially, a high-rise and a
super high-rise buildings. Stability and earthquake-resistance of
the structure are superior to a conventional structure. Further, a
design can be more free than that of the architectural structure of
a conventional tube frame.
Inventors: |
Takeshima; Ichiro; (Tokyo,
JP) ; Kamoshita; Tsutomu; (Tokyo, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
NIXON & VANDERHYE, PC
901 NORTH GLEBE ROAD, 11TH FLOOR
ARLINGTON
VA
22203
US
|
Family ID: |
36991039 |
Appl. No.: |
11/664916 |
Filed: |
March 24, 2006 |
PCT Filed: |
March 24, 2006 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2006/305971 |
371 Date: |
October 23, 2008 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/649.2 ;
52/843 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B 1/3404 20130101;
E04B 1/18 20130101; E04B 1/24 20130101; E04B 2001/0053
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
52/649.2 ;
52/843 |
International
Class: |
E04B 1/19 20060101
E04B001/19; E04B 1/34 20060101 E04B001/34 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Oct 25, 2005 |
JP |
2005-310359 |
Claims
1. An architectural structure comprising an outer peripheral tube
frame as a main frame in which each edge of a hexagon structural
unit having six edges is shared with an adjacent unit and each edge
is rigidly connected to the adjacent unit in a honeycomb-shape;
wherein the hexagon structural unit arranges two edges such that
right and left are symmetric, two edges where two inclined pillars
inclined in an opposite direction are connected, and any of a beam
or one part of a slab is respectively provided at an upper side and
a lower side along a horizontal direction.
2. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising a
plurality of slabs as a main frame at the same interval as height
of the hexagon structural unit.
3. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 2, comprising a
sub frame where a space between slabs are partitioned into four
layers.
4. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising a
plurality of slabs as the main frame at the same interval as
one-second height of the hexagon structural unit.
5. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 4, comprising a
sub frame where a space between slabs are partitioned into two
layers.
6. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising a
portion for having a plurality of slabs as the main frame at the
same interval as height of the hexagon structural unit and a
portion for having a plurality of slabs as a plurality of main
frames at the same interval as one-second height of the hexagon
structural unit.
7. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising one
or a plurality of pillars placed in the inside, as the main frame,
extending in a perpendicular direction in the inside of the outer
peripheral tube frame.
8. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising one
or a plurality of inner tube frames as the main frame where a
second hexagon structural unit is rigidly connected in a
honeycomb-shape in the inside of the outer peripheral tube
frame.
9. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein height
of the second hexagon structural unit is one-second of that of the
second hexagon structural unit.
10. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein the
outer peripheral tube frame and the inner tube frame are connected
via the slab or the beam as the main frame.
11. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 8, comprising
the slab as the main frame in the inside of the inner tube
frame.
12. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein
inside of the inner tube frame is void.
13. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the
slab is a flat slab or a slab having a beam when the slab as the
main frame is provided.
14. An architectural structure comprising a part in a dome-shape as
claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of pentagon structural
units are inserted at the top of the outer peripheral tube
frame.
15. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising a
tube width shift part that a plurality of pentagon structural units
are inserted at one part of the axis direction of the outer
peripheral tube frame; wherein width of the outer peripheral tube
frame at the upper part of the tube width shift part is narrower
than that of the outer peripheral tube frame at a lower part.
16. An extension architectural structure as claimed in claim 1,
comprising a plurality of the architectural structures where two
adjacent architectural structures share with the hexagon structural
unit of one part of each outer peripheral tube frame and two
adjacent architectural structures are connected each other.
17. The extension architectural structure as claimed in claim 1,
comprising a plurality of architectural structures where each of a
plurality of architectural structures is spaced each other and is
connected by a beam or the slab as the main frame.
18. An architectural structure comprising two inclined outer
peripheral tube frame, as the main frame, connected in an X-shape
or a .LAMBDA.-shape; wherein each of two inclined outer peripheral
tube frame rigidly connects the hexagon structural unit in a
honeycomb-shape.
19. An architectural structure as claimed in claim 18, comprising
an inclined inner tube frame as the main frame in which a second
hexagon structural unit is rigidly connected in the honeycomb-shape
in the inside of each of two inclined outer peripheral tube frames.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates to an architectural structure
more particularly, the present invention relates to a structure
having a tube structure or the structure of a skeleton.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Conventionally, a rahmen frame (rigid frame) is well known
as the architectural structure of a high-rise or a super high-rise
architectural structure. The rahmen frame is comprised of a pillar
and a beam combined in a three dimensional lattice-shape. However,
there was a disadvantage that an inner design is greatly limited
because beams are arranged among all pillars. In contrast, a tube
frame is comprised of pillars which are continuously arranged on
the outer periphery of a building and beams connecting pillars. The
tube frame can obtain a space without the pillar or the beam in the
inside. Thereby, there is an advantage that a design is highly
free. In addition, the overall building is deformed in a
tube-shape, thereby, earthquake-resistance and wind
pressure-resistance are superior.
[0005] In a patent reference 1, a common use zone is formed at the
center thereof and a dwelling zone is formed on an outer periphery.
An outer peripheral tube frame is formed. The structure of the
outer peripheral tube frame is that of the general rahmen frame of
a quadrilateral lattice-shape having an outer peripheral pillar on
the outer periphery of the dwelling zone and an outer peripheral
beam between pillars. An inner peripheral tube frame is formed. The
structure of the inner peripheral tube frame is the general rahmen
frame comprised of an inner peripheral pillar and an inner beam
between inner peripheral pillars, in the common use zone. This
publication discloses a double tube structure having the outer
peripheral tube frame and an inner peripheral tube frame.
[0006] A patent reference 2 also discloses a double tube structure
having an outer peripheral frame and an inner peripheral frame. The
outer peripheral frame and the inner peripheral frame are the
general rahmen frames.
[0007] A patent reference 3 discloses a building having an outer
peripheral tube frame which places braces intersecting within
lattices of a general rahmen frame comprised of a vertical pillar
and a horizontal beam. In the inside, this outer peripheral tube
frame has a diaphragm in a slab-shape to obtain resistance and
solidity, like a conventional rahmen frame.
[0008] Conventionally, a honeycomb structure, in which hexagon
lattices are continuously connected, is known as a strong
structure. The honeycomb structure is used at various points of a
building and the member of the building (disclosed in a patent
reference 4 and a patent reference 5 etc.). In a structure applied
to a tube frame, the honeycomb structure is formed by continuously
connecting hexagon units in a horizontal plane, e.g., as disclosed
in a patent reference 6. It is known that the honeycomb structure
as mentioned above is stacked via a stud. The honeycomb structure
is stacked in a perpendicular direction.
[0009] A reference 1 discloses a building in which a steel member
in a honeycomb-shape is provided on a curved surface course, and a
pillar bears inside of the building. In the steel member in the
honeycomb-shape on the surface course of this building, the hexagon
lattices having the same shape are not equally connected in
balance. Each edge of a lattice is not a general linear member
(pillar or beam etc.).
[0010] Patent reference 1: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application
No. 2002-317565
[0011] Patent reference 2: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application
No. 2004-251056
[0012] Patent reference 3: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application
No. H 07-197535
[0013] Patent reference 4: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application
No. H09-4130
[0014] Patent reference 5: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application
No. H 10-18431
[0015] Patent reference 6: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application
No. H 09-60301
[0016] The reference 1: "Imagining Ground Zero" (P.137) written by
Suzanne Stephens, translated by Hiroko Shimoyama, published on Dec.
1, 2004 and published by EKnowledge.
[0017] The basic structure of a conventional tube frame is a
general rahmen frame in which quadrilateral lattices are connected.
Quadrilateral lattices comprise a vertical pillar (stud) and a
horizontal beam. In order to obtain some structural stability and
some earthquake-resistance in a high-rise building or a super
high-rise building, the only outer peripheral tube frame is not
enough. Pillars of the outer peripheral tube frame and/or inner
tube frame are arranged in more than some densities. The inner tube
frame is provided. The outer peripheral tube frame and the inner
tube frame are connected by a flat slab or a specific beam.
Further, a sub frame is incorporated into the outer peripheral tube
frame. A plurality of outer peripheral tube frames are continuously
connected each other. In most of cases, aforementioned various
limitations of a structure are essential. For example, it is
essential that a frame is at least a double tube frame in the
patent references 1 and 2. It is essential that a diaphragm in a
horizontal slab-shape is provided in the inside, in the patent
reference 3.
[0018] When the general rahmen frame comprised of the stud and the
horizontal beam as the basic structure of the tube frame is applied
as a structural unit, various limitations are necessary on the
high-rise building, specially the super high-rise building, in
order to obtain strength on the structure. As a result, freedom on
a design is reduced. Freedom is the advantage of the tube
frame.
[0019] In the honeycomb structure applied to the tube frame, the
honeycomb structure is provided in a horizontal plane and stacked
via the stud in the perpendicular direction, as disclosed in the
patent reference 6. The stud like the general rahmen frame bears a
perpendicular load. In the reference 1, the steel member in the
honeycomb-shape is provided on the surface course. However, a
bearing pillar is necessary in the inside and the only surface
course does not bear the overall.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0020] Therefore, it is object of the present invention to provide
an architectural structure comprising a tube frame having a novel
basic structure, which is different from the basic structure of a
conventional tube frame. In the present invention, it is object to
obtain stability and earthquake-resistance of a structure by the
only outer peripheral tube frame in the architectural structure
applied to a high-rise and a super high-rise building. Stability
and earthquake-resistance of the structure in the present invention
are superior to those of a conventional structure. In addition, it
is object to obtain, on a design, freedom higher than that of the
structure of a conventional tube rahmen frame.
[0021] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises an outer peripheral tube frame as
a main frame where each edge of a hexagon structural unit having
six edges is shared with an adjacent unit and each edge is rigidly
connected to the adjacent unit in a honeycomb-shape; in which
[0022] the hexagon structural unit arranges two edges such that
right and left are symmetric, two edges where two inclined pillars
inclined in an opposite direction are connected, and
[0023] any of a beam or one part of a slab is respectively provided
at an upper side and a lower side along a horizontal direction.
[0024] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises a plurality of slabs as a main
frame at the same interval as height of the hexagon structural
unit.
[0025] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises a sub frame, in which a space
between slabs is partitioned into four layers.
[0026] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises a plurality of slabs as the main
frame at the same interval as one-second height of the hexagon
structural unit.
[0027] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises a sub frame, in which a space
between slabs is partitioned into two layers.
[0028] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises
[0029] a portion for having a plurality of slabs as the main frame
at the same interval as height of the hexagon structural unit
and
[0030] a portion for having a plurality of slabs as the plurality
of main frames at the same interval as one-second height of the
hexagon structural unit.
[0031] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises one or a plurality of pillars
placed in the inside, as the main frame, extending in a
perpendicular direction in the inside of the outer peripheral tube
frame.
[0032] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises one or a plurality of inner tube
frames as a main frame where
[0033] a second hexagon structural unit is rigidly connected in a
honeycomb-shape in the inside of the outer peripheral tube
frame.
[0034] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure in which height of the second hexagon
structural unit is one-second of that of the second hexagon
structural unit.
[0035] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure in which the outer peripheral tube frame
and the inner tube frame are connected via the slab or the beam as
the main frame.
[0036] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises the slab as the main frame in the
inside of the inner tube frame.
[0037] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure in which inside of the inner tube frame is
void.
[0038] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure in which the slab is a flat slab or a slab
with a beam when the slab as the main frame is provided.
[0039] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises a part in a dome-shape in which a
plurality of pentagon structural units are inserted at the top of
the outer peripheral tube frame.
[0040] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure, comprising a tube width shift part that a
plurality of pentagon structural units are inserted at one part of
the axis direction of the outer peripheral tube frame; in which
[0041] width of the outer peripheral tube frame at the upper part
of the tube width shift part is narrower than that of the outer
peripheral tube frame at a lower part.
[0042] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
extension architectural structure comprises a plurality of the
architectural structures where two adjacent architectural
structures share with the hexagon structural unit of one part of
each outer peripheral tube frame and two adjacent architectural
structures are connected each other.
[0043] According to an aspect of the present invention, the
extension architectural structure comprises a plurality of
architectural structures where each of the plurality of
architectural structures is spaced each other and is connected by a
beam or the slab as the main frame.
[0044] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises two inclined outer peripheral
tube frame connected in a X-shape or a -shape; in which each of two
inclined outer peripheral tube frame rigidly connects the hexagon
structural unit in a honeycomb-shape to form the main frame.
[0045] According to an aspect of the present invention, an
architectural structure comprises an inclined inner tube frame as
the main frame in which a second hexagon structural unit is rigidly
connected in the honeycomb-shape, in the inside of each of two
inclined outer peripheral tube frames.
[0046] This summary of the present invention does not necessarily
describe all necessary features so that the invention may also be a
sub-combination of these described features.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0047] FIG. 1A is the appearance perspective view of one example of
an architectural structure according to the present embodiment.
[0048] FIG. 1B is the partial enlarged view of one example
according to the present embodiment.
[0049] FIG. 1C is the plan view of one example according to the
present embodiment.
[0050] FIG. 2A is the explanatory view of an analysis on a
structure to compare the present invention with a conventional
technology.
[0051] FIG. 2B is a view showing the result to compare deformation
between the present invention and the conventional technology.
[0052] FIG. 2C is a view showing the result to compare a member
related to deformation between the present invention and the
conventional technology.
[0053] FIG. 2D is a view showing the result to compare stress on a
horizontal load between the present invention and the conventional
technology.
[0054] FIG. 3 is a view of one example of the architectural
structure according to the present embodiment.
[0055] FIG. 4 is a view of one example of the architectural
structure according to the present embodiment.
[0056] FIG. 5 is a view of one example of the architectural
structure according to the present embodiment.
[0057] FIG. 6 is a view of one example of the architectural
structure according to the present embodiment.
[0058] FIG. 7 is a view of one example of the architectural
structure according to the present embodiment.
[0059] FIG. 8 is the view of one example having pillars placed in
the inside of the architectural structure according to the present
embodiment.
[0060] FIG. 9 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having the pillars placed in the inside.
[0061] FIG. 10 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having an inner tube frame.
[0062] FIG. 11 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having the inner tube frame in the architectural structure
according to the present invention.
[0063] FIG. 12 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having the inner tube frame.
[0064] FIG. 13 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having the inner tube frame.
[0065] FIG. 14 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having the inner tube frame.
[0066] FIG. 15 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having the inner tube frame.
[0067] FIG. 16 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having the inner tube frame.
[0068] FIG. 17 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having a dome-shaped part at the top.
[0069] FIG. 18 is the appearance perspective view of one example
having a tube width shift part at one part of an outer peripheral
tube frame.
[0070] FIG. 19 is an appearance perspective view showing one
example of an extension architectural structure comprising a
plurality of architectural structures having the outer peripheral
tube frame in FIGS. 1A to 18.
[0071] FIG. 20A is the appearance perspective view of the
architectural structure having two inclined outer peripheral tube
frame connected in an X-shape.
[0072] FIG. 20B is a brief cross sectional view in a horizontal
direction at a part to connect the inclined outer peripheral tube
frames.
[0073] FIG. 21 is a view showing sub frame provided in the
architectural structure or the extension architectural structure
shown in FIGS. 1A to 20.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0074] The invention will now be described based on preferred
embodiments, which do not intend to limit the scope of the present
invention, but rather to exemplify the invention. All of the
features and the combinations thereof described in the embodiments
are not necessarily essential to the invention.
[0075] FIGS. 1A to 1C show one embodiment of an architectural
structure according to the present invention, FIG. 1A is an
appearance perspective view. FIG. 1B is a partial enlarged view.
FIG. 1C is a plan view.
[0076] FIG. 1A is an outer peripheral tube frame 1, which is the
main frame of an architectural structure. The outer peripheral tube
frame 1 has a cylinder, namely a tube-shape. The cylinder in the
tube-shape is formed by rigidly connecting a hexagon structural
unit in a honeycomb-shape. The hexagon structural unit is comprised
of six edges. The axis of a tube extends in a perpendicular
direction. The main frame is the main part of a structure and an
essential main part on structural resistance. Each edge of the
hexagon structural unit is the structural element of the main
frame. The element is a pillar, a beam or a partial part of a slab.
In an example shown in the figure, all edges of the hexagon
structural unit are comprised of the pillar and the beam. In an
example shown in the figure, the cylinder is an angular cylinder.
However, the cylinder may be a circular cylinder.
[0077] The architectural structure according to the present
invention is basically formed by the hexagon structural unit in
which the overall outer peripheral tube frame 1 is connected in the
honeycomb-shape. Within the scope of the present invention or an
allowable scope on a structural dynamic, however, the scope of the
present invention includes structures to incorporate structures
except for the hexagon structural unit into one part of the outer
peripheral tube frame 1.
[0078] FIG. 1B shows the enlarged figure of one part of the outer
peripheral tube frame 1 in FIG. 1A. One hexagon structural unit 10
places, members comprising the main frame, at six edges of a lower
edge 11, an upper edge 12, a lower-left edge 13, an upper-left edge
14, a lower-right edge 15, and an upper-right edge 16. A hexagon
lattice is formed by connecting members. Further, circumference of
one hexagon structural unit 10 is surrounded by six hexagon
structural units in the same shape. Each edge is shared with the
hexagon structural unit which is adjacent to each edge. One-second
of the height of the hexagon structural unit is shifted between a
column and b column. a column is comprised of a plurality of
hexagon structural units connected along a perpendicular direction
G. b column next to a column is comprised of a plurality of hexagon
structural units connected along the perpendicular direction G. a
column and b column are alternately arranged along circumference of
the tube.
[0079] The hexagon structural unit 10 has a shape in which the left
side and the right side are symmetric. Two inclined pillars are
inclined in an opposite direction along the perpendicular direction
G. The right edge comprises the lower-right edge 15 and the
upper-right edge 16. The lower-right edge 15 and the upper-right
edge 16 are connected and arranged in the hexagon structural unit
10. The lower-right edge 15 and the upper-right edge 16 are two
inclined pillars. The lower-right edge 15 is inclined at a--.alpha.
angle with respect to the perpendicular direction G. The
upper-right edge 16 is inclined at an .alpha. angle with respect to
the perpendicular direction G. The left edge is comprised of the
lower-left edge 13 and the upper-left edge 14. The lower-left edge
13 and the upper-left edge 14 are inclined similar to the
lower-right edge 15 and the upper-right edge 16.
[0080] In an example shown in FIG. 1C, the plane-shape of the outer
peripheral tube frame 1 is almost quadrilateral. The face of the
hexagon structural unit 10 placed at the four corners in the
plane-shape is directed to the vertex of quadrilateral. Therefore,
four corners of the plane-shape is a notched-shape. The plane-shape
of the outer peripheral tube frame 1 may be circular or any of
polygons. Also, the plane-shape may be a shape which includes a
concave portion.
[0081] In an example of the hexagon structural unit 10 can be
comprised of the pillar and the beam. Edges of the lower-left edge
13, the upper-left edge 14, the lower-right edge 15, and the
upper-right edge 16 are inclined pillars as mentioned above. The
lower edge 11 and the upper edge 12 are the beam or one part of the
slab. Each of pillars is rigidly connected. The pillar and the beam
are rigidly connected. The pillar and one part of the slab are
rigidly connected. Each of pillars can be connected by known
various ways. The pillar and the beam can be connected by known
various ways. The pillar and one part of the slab can be connected
by known various ways.
[0082] The lower edge 11 and the upper edge 12 may be the beam. The
lower edge 11 and the upper edge 12 may be one part of the slab.
One of the lower edge and the upper edge 12 may be the beam and the
other may be one part of the slab. One part of the slab is, e.g.,
the end part of the slab (refer to FIG. 4 as mentioned
hereinafter). When the slab protrudes from the outer peripheral
tube frame 1 as a cantilever, one part of the slab is the base of
the protruding portion.
[0083] The slab used as the main frame may be either a flat slab or
a slab having the beam. Another embodiments as mentioned
hereinafter are the same. It is preferable to use the flat slab not
having the beam in light of a space is free without
limitations.
[0084] The scale of the hexagon structural unit 10 can be set
variously. For example, the height of the hexagon structural unit
10 is height of the story for one layer of the building. However,
the height of the hexagon structural unit 10 is height of the story
for two layers or four layers of the building. Thereby, it is
preferable that the space is highly free. The hexagon structural
unit 10 is not necessary to be a regular hexagon. Each of four
edges placed at the left and the right is the same length. The
upper edge is also the same length as the lower edge.
[0085] FIGS. 2A to 2D show the result of comparison of two
structural models corresponding to the present invention and a
conventional technology. Referring to FIG. 2A to 2B, the structural
feature of the architectural structure according to the present
invention will be described below. The architectural structure has
the outer peripheral tube frame shown in FIG. 1A. FIG. 2A is the
condition explanatory of a structural analysis to compare the
present invention to the conventional technology. FIG. 2B shows the
result of a comparison deformed by a horizontal load. FIG. 2C shows
the result of comparison of members which relate to deformations.
FIG. 2D shows the result of comparison of stress the horizontal
load.
[0086] Generally, the structure of a tube frame is highly stable.
The tube frame is a frame in which a large number of pillars (the
beam or one part of the slab is inclined) are arranged on an outer
peripheral portion in balance. Earthquake-resistance and wind
pressure-resistance of the tube frame are superior. The
architectural structure according to the present invention has not
only the characteristic of the conventional tube frame but also the
following effect. That is, all pillars are inclined pillars and the
inclined pillars are continuously connected in upper and lower
directions. Thereby, it is possible to bear a perpendicular load
for a long term. In addition, it is possible to bear an external
horizontal load for a short term effectively. That is, the inclined
pillars serve both pillars and braces at the same time.
[0087] In the outer peripheral tube frame comprised of the hexagon
structural unit, the stress of bending moment, which occurs on the
pillar and the beam (or one part of the slab) due to a load is
smaller than that of the tube frame. The tube frame is a general
rahmen frame comprised of a vertical pillar and a horizontal
beam.
[0088] In FIG. 2A, (A) is a structural model, a hexagon tube frame,
of the outer peripheral tube frame in which the hexagon structural
unit of the present invention is rigidly connected in a
honeycomb-shape. (B) is a general rahmen frame model, namely "a
stud tube frame". The general rahmen frame is comprised of the
vertical pillar and the horizontal beam. Conditions of a hexagon
tube frame and a stud tube frame are the same. The conditions are
the plane-shape (outer peripheral portion of 52.3 m), a plane
dimension (area of 193.1 m), and dimension of the height (6
m.times.5 layers=30) of the overall structure model. The number of
points of intersection of the pillar and the beam is the same in
each of the models. The hexagon tube frame is a frame in which each
pillar of a stud tube frame is inclined as shown in FIG. 2A.
[0089] In the first structural analysis, deformation is compared in
a case where the pillar and the beam are members of the same
dimension of RC-500 mm.times.500 mm, as shown in FIG. 2B. In
detail, a horizontal force, which is necessary for a structural
first design is applied and deformation is analyzed. In the result
of analysis, a numeral is shown in FIG. 2B. Deformation of the stud
tube frame of (B) is 50 mm at the maximum. Deformation of the
hexagon tube frame of (A) is 34 mm at the maximum. Therefore, the
deformed volume of the hexagon tube frame is smaller and the
structure of the hexagon tube frame is stronger than that of the
stud tube frame.
[0090] In the second structural analysis, the sectional dimension
of members of the pillar and beam are compared in a case where the
angle of the deformation of both frames is one-two hundred fifty as
shown in FIG. 2C. As a result, dimensions both the pillar and the
beam of the stud tube frame of (B) are RC-550 mm.times.550 mm, as
shown at the bottom in FIG. 2C. In contrast, dimensions both the
pillar and the beam of the hexagon tube frame of (A) are RC-500
mm.times.500 mm. Therefore, in a case where the structure is almost
the same strength, the sectional dimensions both the pillar and the
beam of the hexagon tube frame are smaller than those of the stud
tube frame and the total volume of the structure of the hexagon
tube frame can be reduced.
[0091] In the third structural analysis, stress between the stud
tube frame and the hexagon tube frame under the same condition is
compared as shown in FIG. 2D. FIG. 2D shows bending moment of each
pillar and each beam at the right side of each tube frame. A
typical numeral is shown in moment figures shown at the right
bottom of each figure. As a result of analysis, the pillar of the
stud tube frame of (B) is 277 kNm and the beam is 393 kNm. In
contrast, the pillar of the hexagon tube frame of (A) is 190 kNm
and the beam is 365 kNm. Therefore, bending moment, stress in both
the pillar and the beam of the hexagon tube frame is smaller. The
hexagon tube frame can be comprised of smaller members, and the
total volume of the structure can be reduced.
[0092] From the above result, the structure of the outer peripheral
tube frame formed by rigidly connecting the hexagon structural unit
in the honeycomb-shape is stronger than that of the tube frame of
the general rahmen frame comprised of the vertical pillar and the
horizontal beam. Earthquake-resistance and wind pressure-resistance
of the outer peripheral tube frame are superior. Under the same
strength condition, the total volume of the structure of the outer
peripheral tube frame formed by rigidly connecting the hexagon
structural unit in the honeycomb-shape can further be reduced than
that of the tube frame of the general rahmen structure. Thereby,
materials and minerals can be reduced. Further, the cost of the
structure can be reduced.
[0093] The architectural structure of the present invention can be
erected by various structural materials. Various structural
materials are wooden construction, reinforced construction, RC
construction, SRC construction, CFT construction, and prestressed
concrete construction.
[0094] Referring to FIGS. 3 to 21, various embodiments of the
architectural structure in the present invention will be described,
below.
[0095] Similarly to FIG. 1A, the architectural structure in FIG. 3
is provided with the outer peripheral tube frame 1 comprised of the
pillar and the beam. A plurality of slabs 21a and 21b are provided
in the inside of the outer peripheral tube frame 1. In the hexagon
structural unit of a column connected in the perpendicular
direction, slabs 21a are respectively connected to beams 11a of the
upper edge and the lower edge. On the other hand, in the hexagon
structural unit in b column next to a column, the slabs 21b are
respectively connected to beams 11b of the upper edge and the lower
edge. Therefore, the slab 21a in a column and the slab 21b in a b
column are placed such that the only distance of one-second of the
height of the hexagon structural unit is spaced in a height
direction.
[0096] In FIG. 3, the plane-shape of the slab 21a connected to the
beam ha of the hexagon structural unit of a column is notched such
that the end portion 21a2 of the slab 21a is directed backward from
the face of the hexagon structural unit in b column. The
plane-shape of the slab 21b connected to the beam 11b of the
hexagon structural unit of b column is notched such that the end
portion 21b2 of the slab 21b is directed backward from face of the
hexagon structural unit of a column.
[0097] The architectural structure in FIG. 4 provides with the
outer peripheral tube frame 2 comprised of the pillar and one of
the slab. In this embodiment, there is no beam at the lower edge
and the upper edge of the hexagon structural unit of a column
connected in the perpendicular direction. The end portion 21a1 of
the slab 21a provided in the inside is connected to the end portion
of an inclined pillar at both left and right sides. Thereby, the
lower edge and the upper edge of the hexagon structural unit are
comprised. On the other hand, there is no beam at the lower edge
and the upper edge of the hexagon structural unit in adjacent b
column. The end portion 21b1 of the slab 21b provided in the inside
is connected to the end portion of an inclined pillar at the both
left and right sides. Thereby, the lower edge and the upper edge of
the hexagon structural unit are comprised. The slab 21a of a column
and the slab 21b of b column are alternately placed such that the
only distance of one-second of the height of the hexagon structural
unit is spaced in the height direction.
[0098] In FIG. 4, the plane-shape of the slab 21a connected to the
hexagon structural unit in a column is notched such that the end
portion 21a2 is directed backward from the face of the hexagon
structural unit in b column. The plane-shape of the slab 21b
connected to the hexagon structural unit in b column is notched
such that the end portion 21b2 is directed to backward from the
face of the hexagon structural unit of a column.
[0099] The architectural structure in FIG. 5 has the outer
peripheral tube frame 1. A plurality of slabs 21a are provided in
the inside of the outer peripheral tube frame 1. In the hexagon
structural unit in a column connected in the perpendicular
direction, slabs 21a are connected to the slabs 11a at the lower
edge and the upper edge. On the other hand, in the hexagon
structural unit of b column next to a column, the slabs are not
connected to the slabs 11b of the lower edge and the upper
edge.
[0100] Therefore, the height H of the hexagon structural unit is a
distance between the slabs 21a. For example, if the distance
between the slabs 21a is for four layers of the building, a space
between the slabs 21a can be partitioned into four layers by a sub
frame as mentioned hereinafter. The slabs 21a in FIG. 5 are
provided. Each slab 21a in FIG. 5 is provided over the overall
cross section of the outer peripheral tube frame.
[0101] Similarly to FIG. 1A, the architectural structure in FIG. 6
is provided with the outer peripheral tube frame 1 comprised of the
pillar and the beam.
[0102] A plurality of slabs 21a and 21b are provided in the inside
of the outer peripheral tube frame 1. In the hexagon structural
unit in a column connected in the perpendicular direction, the
slabs 21a are connected to the beams 11a of the upper edge and the
lower edge. On the other hand, in the hexagon structural unit of b
column next to a column, the slabs 21b are connected to the slabs
11b of the lower edge and the upper edge. Therefore, one-second of
height H of the hexagon structural unit is a distance between the
slab 21a and the slab 21b. The distance between the slab 21a and
the slab 21b is for two layers of the building. A space between the
slab 21a and the slab 21b can be partitioned into two layers by
using the sub frame as mentioned hereinafter. The slab 21a and the
slab 21b in FIG. 6 are provided over the overall section of the
outer peripheral tube frame.
[0103] Similarly to FIG. 1A, the architectural structure in FIG. 7
is provided with the outer peripheral tube frame 1 comprised of the
pillar and the beam.
[0104] A plurality of slabs 21a and 21b are provided in the inside
of the outer peripheral tube frame 1. In the hexagon structural
unit in a1 column connected in the perpendicular direction, the
slabs 21a are connected to the beams 11a of the upper edge and the
lower edge. On the other hand, in the hexagon structural unit in
adjacent b1 column, the slabs 21b are connected to the beams 11a of
the upper edge and the lower edge. Therefore, one-second of height
H of the hexagon structural unit is the distance between the slab
21a and the slab 21b.
[0105] In FIG. 7, the plane-shape of the slab 21a connected to the
beam 11a of the hexagon structural unit in a1 column is
appropriately notched such that the end portion 21a2 is directed
backward from the face of the hexagon structural unit in b1 column
at the left side. On the other hand, the end portion 21a3 of the
slab 21a is positioned on the face of the hexagon structural unit
in b2 column at the right side. The plane-shape of the slab 21b
connected to the beam 11b of the hexagon structural unit in b1
column is appropriately notched such that the end portion 21b2 is
directed backward from the face of the hexagon structural unit in
a1 column at the right side. On the other hand, the end portion
21b3 of the slab 21b is positioned on the face of the hexagon
structural unit in a2 column at the left side.
[0106] When the plane-shape of the slabs 21a and 21b is formed as
aforementioned, the portion of height H of the hexagonal structural
unit and the portion of one-second of height H are alternately
arranged on the face of the hexagonal structural unit in a1 column,
in the distance between slabs.
[0107] The plane-shape of each slab in embodiments as shown in
FIGS. 3 to 7 is one example. The edge of the slab, which serves as
the lower edge or the upper edge itself on the hexagon structural
unit can not be removed. This is because the edge are one part of
the main frame. However, the plane-shape of another parts can be
any shapes within the allowable scope on the structural
dynamic.
[0108] The architectural structure of FIG. 8 provides with a
plurality of pillars placed in the inside 6, which extend in the
perpendicular direction in the inside of the outer peripheral tube
1. The pillar placed in the inside 6 is the element in which a main
frame is configured. The number of pillars placed in the inside 6
is one or plural and is not limited. However, it is preferable that
the pillar placed in the inside 6 are arranged such that the
pillars placed in the inside 6 are symmetric with respect to the
center of the outer peripheral tube frame 1 when a plurality of
pillars placed in the inside 6 are placed. The architectural
structure of FIG. 8 is the same as that in FIG. 5 except for the
pillars placed in the inside 6. The pillar placed in the inside 6
is provided such that the pillar placed in the inside pierces each
slab 21a. The pillar placed in the inside 6 bears each slab 21a.
The distance between the slabs 21a is the same as the height of the
hexagon structural unit.
[0109] The architectural structure of FIG. 9 is the other structure
in which a plurality of pillars placed in the inside 6 are provided
in the inside of the outer peripheral tube frame 1. The
architectural structure of FIG. 9 is the same as that in FIG. 6,
except for the pillars placed in the inside, and the distance
between the slabs 21a is one-second height of the hexagon
structural unit.
[0110] The architectural structure of FIG. 10 comprises the inner
tube frame 3 as the main frame in which a second hexagon structural
unit 30 is rigidly connected in the honeycomb-shape. The second
hexagon structural unit 30 also arranges two edges such that each
of two inclined pillars is inclined in an opposite direction. Two
edges are placed such that the left side and the right side are
symmetric. The second hexagon structural unit 30 is formed such
that any of the beam or one part of the slab is respectively
provided at the upper edge and the lower edge along the horizontal
direction. The pillar and the pillar are rigidly connected. The
pillar and the beam are rigidly connected. The pillar and one of
the slab are rigidly connected. The pillar and the pillar can
rigidly be connected by known various ways. The pillar and the beam
can rigidly be connected by known various ways. The pillar and one
of the slab can rigidly be connected by known various ways.
[0111] The second hexagon structural unit 30 is not necessarily the
same as the hexagon structural unit or a similarity figure. The
outer peripheral tube frame 1 comprised of the hexagon structural
unit. However, it is preferable that the height of the second
hexagon structural unit 30 is lower than that of the hexagon
structural unit. In the example of FIG. 10, the height of the
second hexagon structural unit 30 is one-second of that of the
hexagon structural unit. Further, it is preferable that the length
of the lower edge and the upper edge of the second hexagon
structural unit 30 is shorter than that of the hexagon structural
unit. The length of each edge of the second hexagon structural unit
30 is shorter than that of the hexagon structural unit. Thereby,
the structure is extremely strong. This is preferable as a core
part, which bears the architectural structure. When the inner tube
frame 3 is provided, a load to be shared is adjusted. Thereby, it
is possible that the pillar or the beam becomes shorter than that
in a case of bearing the architectural structure by the only the
outer peripheral tube frame 1. The second hexagon structural unit
30 may not necessarily be a regular hexagon. However, each of four
edges placed at the left side and the right side is the same
length. The upper and the right edges are the same length.
[0112] The slab as the main frame may be provided in the inside of
the inner tube frame 3. Thereby, a structure becomes further
strong. The inside of the inner tube frame 3 is void. Thereby, it
is possible to provide with an elevator, common facility pipe
space, story, blowly and the like. It is possible to design the
structure whether or not the elements of the main frame are
provided in the inside of the inner tube frame 3. The structure can
be designed depending on sharing the load with another main frames
of the outer peripheral tube frame 1.
[0113] The architectural structure of FIG. 11 provides with the
inner tube frames 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d in the inside of the outer
peripheral tube frame 1. Four inner tube frames are respectively
arranged at the four corners such that four inner tube frames are
symmetric with respect to the center of the outer peripheral tube
frame 1. Each of inner tube frames is provided such that each
pierces a plurality of slabs 21 in the inside of the outer
peripheral tube frame 1. The distance between a plurality of slabs
21 is the same as the height H of the hexagon structural unit of
the outer peripheral tube frame.
[0114] The architectural structure of FIG. 12 provides with the
inner tube frame 3 at the center of the outer peripheral tube frame
1. The architectural structure of FIG. 12 provides with the
plurality of slabs 21 provided in the structure of FIG. 10. The
inner tube frame 3 pierces a plurality of slabs 21. The distance
between a plurality of slabs 21 is the same as the height H of the
hexagon structural unit of the outer peripheral tube frame.
[0115] The architectural structure of FIG. 13 provides with the
inner tube frame 3 at the center of the outer peripheral tube frame
1. The architectural structure of FIG. 13 provides with a plurality
of slabs 21 provided in the structure of FIG. 10. The inner tube
frame 3 pierces a plurality of slabs 21. The distance between a
plurality of slabs 21 is one-second of the height H of the hexagon
structural unit of the outer peripheral tube frame.
[0116] The architectural structures of FIGS. 14 and 15 provides
with the inner tube frame 3 at the center of the outer peripheral
tube frame 1. The shape of the slabs is modified. The slabs are
provided in the inside of the outer peripheral tube frame 1.
[0117] The architectural structure of FIG. 16 provides with the
inner tube frame 3 at the center of the outer peripheral tube frame
1. In FIG. 16, the end portion 21a1 of the outside of the slab 21a
is connected to the beam 11a of the outer peripheral tube frame 1.
On the other hand, the end portion 21a4 of the inside of the slab
21a is connected to the pillar of the second hexagon structural
unit in the inner tube frame 3. Thereby, the lower edge of the
second hexagon structural unit is configured. In FIG. 16, the outer
peripheral tube frame 1 is connected to the inner tube frame 3 via
the slab 21a and is unified into one.
[0118] In one embodiment of another embodiments, the outer
peripheral tube frame may be connected to the inner tube frame via
the beam as the main frame (not shown in Figure).
[0119] In one embodiment of another embodiments, the slab connected
to the outer peripheral tube frame may be crossed the inner tube
frame (not shown in Figure).
[0120] The architectural structure of FIG. 17, a plurality of
pentagon structural units 40 are inserted on the top of the outer
peripheral tube frame 1. Thereby a rounding dome-shaped part 4 is
formed. The dome-shaped part 4 closes the top of the tube. In FIG.
17, the pentagon structural unit 40 is inserted every one column
along the circumference of the tube. As shown in FIG. 17, the top
of the tube can be closed by inserting the pentagon structural unit
appropriately. The top of the tube can be closed, not only in a
case where the plane-shape of the outer peripheral tube frame 1 is
circular but also in a case where the plane-shape of the outer
peripheral tube frame 1 is a shape (polygon etc.) except for
circular.
[0121] The architectural structure of FIG. 18, a plurality of
pentagon structural units 50 are inserted on one part of a central
direction of the outer peripheral tube frame 1. Thereby, the
architectural structure has a tube width shift part 5 to reduce a
tube width. In FIG. 18, vertex of each of two pentagon structural
units 50 is junt-joined along the top and the bottom directions.
The junt-joined part is inserted every one column along the
circumference direction of the tube. The tube width is a diameter
in the case where the plane-shape is circular. The tube width is
the average diameter or extension width etc. in a case where the
plane-shape is a shape (polygon etc.) except for circular. The tube
width on the upper part of the tube width shift 5 is narrower than
that at the lower part. This structure is preferable to reduce the
load of the upper layer in the high-rise or the super high-rise
building. The tube width shift part 5 may be provided at a
plurality of points along the center of one outer peripheral tube
frame.
[0122] FIG. 19 is an appearance perspective view showing one
embodiment of an enlarged architectural structure comprised of a
plurality of the architectural structures of any of the
architectural structures having the outer peripheral tube frame as
described in FIGS. 1A to 18. In FIG. 19, four architectural
structures 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d are placed at four corners such that
each of four structures is spaced each other. Four architectural
structures 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d are connected by the plurality of
slabs 24 as the main frame. In this embodiment, one architectural
structure plays a role as one pillar in the extension architectural
structure. Each of architectural structures may be connected via
the beam.
[0123] As another embodiment of the extension architectural
structure having a plurality of architectural structures in FIGS.
1A to 18, the architectural structures are placed such that each
architectural structures is adjacent. The architectural structures
are connected such that one part, the hexagon structural unit, of
the outer peripheral tube frame in each of two adjacent
architectural structures is shared (not shown in Figure). The
enlarged architectural structure is formed by connecting a
plurality of architectural structures in a chain-shape.
[0124] The architectural structure in FIG. 20A provides with two
inclined outer peripheral tube frame 7a and 7b connected in an
X-shape. The main frame is formed by connecting the hexagon
structural unit 70 of each two inclined outer peripheral tube
frames 7a and 7b in the honeycomb-shape. FIG. 20B is the brief
cross sectional view of a horizontal direction at a portion to
connect two inclined outer peripheral tube frames 7a and 7b. The
axis of each of tube frames 7a and 7b is inclined and extended in
the perpendicular direction. The direction of the hexagon
structural unit 70 is the same direction as the hexagon structural
unit in the outer peripheral tube frame shown in FIGS. 1A to 18.
The hexagon structural unit 70 arranges two edges of two inclined
pillars, inclined in an opposite direction, which are connected.
Two inclined pillars are inclined in an opposite direction along
the perpendicular direction. Two edges are placed such that the
left side and the right side are symmetric. The hexagon structural
unit 70 is formed such that any of the beam or one part of the slab
is respectively provided at the upper edge and the lower edge along
the horizontal direction. The pillar and the pillar are rigidly
connected. The pillar and the beam are rigidly connected. The
pillar and one of the slabs are rigidly connected. The pillar and
the pillar can rigidly be connected by known various ways. The
pillar and the beam can rigidly be connected by known various ways.
The pillar and one of the slabs can rigidly be connected by known
various ways.
[0125] Each of the tops of two inclined outer peripheral tube
frames may be connected in a -shape (not shown in Figure) in stead
of connection of two inclined outer peripheral tube frames in the
X-shape. A structure, in which two inclined outer peripheral tube
frames are connected in the X-shape or -shape, is a strong
structure having excellent earthquake-resistance and wind
pressure-resistance.
[0126] The architectural structure in FIG. 20A further comprises
inclined inner tube frames 8a and 8b forming the main frame by
rigidly connecting a second hexagon structural unit 80 in the
honeycomb-shape in the inside of each of two inclined outer
peripheral tube frames 7a and 7b, respectively.
[0127] The direction of the second hexagon structural unit 80 of
each is the same direction as the second hexagon structural unit in
the inner tube frame as shown FIGS. 11 to 16. That is, the second
hexagon structural unit 80 provides with two edges in which the
inclined pillars are connected. Two edges are placed such that the
left side and the right side are symmetric. Two inclined edges are
inclined such that each of edges is inclined in the opposite
direction, along the perpendicular direction. The second hexagon
structural unit 80 is formed such that any of the beam or one part
of the slab is respectively provided at the upper edge and the
lower edge. The pillar and pillar, the pillar and the beam, the
pillar and one of the slab is rigidly connected. The pillar and
pillar, the pillar and the beam, the pillar and one of the slab can
rigidly be connected by known various ways.
[0128] In a preferable embodiment, an inclined inner tube frame 8a
is not overlapped with an inclined inner tube frame 8b in a point
where the inclined outer peripheral tube frame 7a is connected to
the inclined outer peripheral tube frame 7b. The inclined inner
tube frame 8a is adjacent to the inclined inner tube frame 8b, or
the inclined inner tube frame 8a and the inclined inner tube frame
8b are spaced. When the inclined inner tube frame 8a is adjacent to
the inclined inner tube frame 8b, the inclined inner tube frame 8a
is directly connected to the inclined inner tube frame 8b. When the
inclined inner tube frame 8a and the inclined inner tube frame 8b
are spaced, the inclined inner tube frame 8a is connected to the
inclined inner tube frame 8b via the slab or the beam as the main
frame. The slab or the beam as the main frame may be provided in
the inside of the inclined inner tube frames 8a and 8b. The inside
of the inclined inner tube frames 8a and 8b is void. Thereby, the
elevator or common facility pipe space may be provided in the
inside of the inclined inner tube frames 8a and 8b.
[0129] FIG. 21 shows briefly a structure in which sub frames 25a,
25b and 25c are provided in the inside of the outer peripheral tube
frame or the inclined outer peripheral tube frame in the
architectural structure or the extension architectural structure as
shown in FIGS. 1A to 20. The slab 21 of the main frame is provided
at the same interval as the height of the hexagon structural unit
in (A). This interval of the slab corresponds to for four layers of
the building. Therefore, a space between the slabs 21 of the main
frame is participated into four layers, by three sub frames 25a,
25b and 25c.
[0130] As shown in FIG. 21 (B), the slabs 21 are provided at the
upper edge and the lower edge of the hexagon structural unit. When
the height of the hexagon structural unit is for four layers, all
or one part of three sub frames 25a, 25b and 25c can be separated
or connected. Convexes 26a, 26b and 26c to receive the sub frames
are provided in the inside of the inclined pillar at the both right
and left edges of the hexagon structural unit.
[0131] As shown in FIG. 21(C), the slab 21 of the main frames is
provided at the center of height of the hexagon structural unit.
When the height of the hexagon structural unit is for four layers,
all or one of two sub frames 25a and 25c can be separated or
connected.
[0132] The sub frame is one part of a structure to bear partitioned
each layer structurally. However the sub frame does not necessary
have earthquake-resistance and wind pressure-resistance. Therefore,
it is possible to appropriately separate and connect the sub
frames. By using the sub frame, two dimensional and three
dimensional spaces are highly free.
[0133] In an architectural structure having a basic structure of
the present invention, an outer peripheral tube frame of a main
frame is formed by rigidly connecting a hexagon structural unit in
a honeycomb-shape. The main frame configures the main part of a
structure and is the essential main part on the bearing force of
the structure. The shape of each hexagon structural unit is a
hexagon lattice-shape. When the hexagon structural units are
rigidly connected in the honeycomb-shape, each edge of a hexagon
lattice is shared with each edge of the adjacent hexagon lattice.
The overall rigidly connected in the honeycomb-shape is a
cylinder-shape, and thereby an extremely strong tube frame can be
implemented. Each of the hexagon structural unit is configured by
the member of the main frame, e.g., a pillar or one part of a slab.
As mentioned above, the outer peripheral tube frame formed by the
hexagon structural unit in the present invention, the beam (or one
part of the slab) is not continuous in a horizontal direction.
Pillars are configured by inclined pillars continuously in a
zigzag-shape. These features are absolutely different from the tube
frame of a conventional rahmen frame. The peripheral face of the
tube frame in an outer peripheral tube frame comprising the hexagon
structural unit of the present invention is formed by a honeycomb
structure. This feature is different from that of a conventional
hexagon tube frame. The hexagon tube frame provides with the
honeycomb structure in a conventional horizontal plane and is
stacked in a perpendicular direction via a stud.
[0134] As the main frame of a high-rise and super high-rise
buildings, the only outer peripheral tube frame can obtain
stability and earthquake-resistance of the structure of the overall
building, in the architectural structure of the present invention.
That is, it is not necessary to provide with a double tube, a
diaphragm in a slab-shape in the inside, or a bearing pillar in the
inside such as an aforementioned conventional technology. Thereby,
the volume of a member can be reduced, construction time can be
shortened, and a free inner space can be obtained. A connection
structure in the honeycomb-shape of the hexagon unit is different
in a technological field. However, there is a feature in common
with that of a connection structure which each of a carbon in a
nanotechnology is strongly connected. The carbon nanotube has a
structure which a carbon atom is connected in a honeycomb-shape and
the overall is a cylindrical-shape. The carbon nanotube is highly
stable extremely on bend or tensile.
[0135] In the architectural structure of the present invention, a
tube frame has a great bearing force on a horizontal load from any
directions. The tube frame keeps a connection, of all pillars and
beams (or one part of the slab) in the outer peripheral tube frame
comprised of the hexagon structural unit, stable in balance. As a
result, a stress which occurs at the point connecting the pillar
and the beam (or one part of the slab) by a load is smaller than
the stress of the outer peripheral tube frame of a general rahmen
frame. This is because one part of a bent stress is transformed to
the axis force of a member (inclined column, beam, or the like) to
be propagated. The member of a general RC etc. is strong on a
compressed force. Thereby, this is an advantage to bear the axis
force.
[0136] As a result of a structural analysis, deformation on the
same horizontal load of the outer peripheral tube frame comprised
of the hexagon structural unit is smaller than that of the
conventional outer peripheral tube frame comprised of the general
rahmen frame having a stud and a horizontal beam. The hexagon
structural unit is rigidly connected in the honeycomb-shape of the
present invention. Therefore, in the outer peripheral tube frame of
the present invention, it is possible to use a pillar and a beam
thinner than those of the conventional outer peripheral tube frame
on the horizontal load, which occurs the same deformation. As a
result, the total volume and the cost of the structure can be
reduced.
[0137] As a result of a structural analysis, a bending moment in
which the horizontal load acts on each edge of the structural unit
is smaller than that of the outer peripheral tube frame comprised
of the conventional general rahmen frame having the stud and the
horizontal beam. Thereby, the load is reduced. When the same
bending moment is generated, it is possible to use the pillar and
the beam thinner than those of the conventional outer peripheral
tube frame. As a result, the total volume and the cost of the
structure can be reduced.
[0138] Two inclined pillars are continuously connected along the
perpendicular direction in the zigzag-shape. Two inclined pillars
are placed at the right side and two inclined pillars are placed at
the left side of the hexagon structural unit. Two inclined pillars
play a roll as the pillar and a brace. Two inclined pillars
efficiently bear a perpendicular load for a long term. Further, two
inclined pillars bear an external load for a short term, like a
horizontal direction except for the perpendicular direction.
[0139] All portions of members configured on the face of the outer
peripheral tube frame are linear member structures, and thereby an
opening is easily provided.
[0140] Basically, a structure is comprised of a large number of
hexagon structural units in the same shape, thus the size and the
shape of all studs and all beams can be unified into one kind or
various kinds. Thereby, construction can be improved, construction
time can be shortened, and the cost can be reduced.
[0141] The hexagon structural unit is predetermined united to be
the structure of prestressed concrete construction as a precast
concrete. Thereby, construction can be improved, construction time
can be shortened, and the cost can be reduced.
[0142] The honeycomb structure comprised of the hexagon structural
unit is used as the outer peripheral tube frame. This makes
building's visual beautiful.
[0143] A plurality of slabs as the main frame are provided at the
same interval as height of the hexagon structural unit. In an
another embodiment, a plurality of slabs as the main frame are
provided at the same interval as one-second height of the hexagon
structural unit. The overall architectural structure can highly be
strong by providing with the slabs as the main frame. As a result,
the load of the outer peripheral tube frame can be reduced. Size of
the pillar or the beam of the outer peripheral tube frame can
appropriately be thin. When another elements of the main frame
added to the outer peripheral tube frame are added, the rate of the
load can be adjusted by a design and size etc. of a used member can
be adjusted.
[0144] An architectural structure provides with a sub frame to
partition, a space between slabs, into four layers. An
architectural structure provides with the sub frame to partition,
the space between slabs, into two layers. The sub frame is also one
part of a structure. Mainly, the sub frame is to bear each layer.
It is not necessary to have earthquake-resistance and wind
pressure-resistance. Therefore, the sub frame can be connected at
any positions between slabs of the main frame and can be separated
from any positions between slabs. Thereby, two dimensional and
three dimensional spaces are highly free.
[0145] When height of the hexagon structural unit is height of
stories for four layers of the building, actually the beam is
alternately provided every two layers (because the only one-second
of height of the unit is shifted. The shift of the height is
between the column of a plurality of hexagon structural units and a
column next to the column of a plurality of hexagon structural
units). Therefore, it is easily to provide with the space of two
layers or four layers in the main frame.
[0146] An architectural structure mixes two portions. One portion
has a plurality of slabs as the main frame at the same interval as
the height of the hexagon structural unit. The other portion has a
plurality of slabs as the plurality of main frames at the same
interval as one-second height of the hexagon structural unit. In
this case, there are the same effects and there is a further
advantage that an inner design is highly variety.
[0147] An architectural structure comprises one or a plurality of
pillars placed in the inside, as the main frame extended in the
perpendicular direction in the inside of the outer peripheral tube
frame. Thereby, the strength of the architectural structure can
highly be improved. Especially, the strength on the perpendicular
load for the long term can be improved. As a result, the load of
the outer peripheral tube frame can be reduced and size of the
pillar or the beam of the outer peripheral frame can appropriately
be thin.
[0148] An architectural structure comprises one or a plurality of
inner tube frames comprised of a second hexagon structural unit in
the inside of the outer peripheral tube frame. Thereby, the
architectural structure is a double tube frame. The inner tube
frame is formed by rigidly connecting the second hexagon structural
unit in the honeycomb-shape, like the outer peripheral tube frame.
Thereby, the inner tube is highly strong. The hexagon structural
unit and the second hexagon structural unit do not always have the
same shape. By providing with the inner tube frame, the
architectural structural is highly strong. As a result, the load of
the outer peripheral tube frame can be reduced and size of the
pillar or the beam of the outer peripheral tube frame can
appropriately be thin.
[0149] The height of the second hexagon structural unit of the
inner tube frame is one-second height of the hexagon structural
unit of the outer peripheral tube frame. Height of the second
hexagon structural unit is shortened, and hereby the inclined
pillar of corresponding each edge is also shortened. Thus, the
structure becomes further strong against bend or tensile. In
addition, the slab or the beam is easily provided in a position (a
lower edge or an upper edge are positioned at the same horizontal
position) in which the hexagon structural unit is matched to the
second hexagon structural unit in a perpendicular direction.
[0150] The outer peripheral tube frame and the inner tube frame are
connected via the slab or the beam as the main frame. Thereby, the
overall architectural structure can highly be strong.
[0151] The architectural structure comprises the slab as the main
frame in the inside of the inner tube frame. Thereby, the inner
tube frame can highly be strong.
[0152] Inside of the inner tube frame is void. Thereby, various
structural elements can be placed. For example, an elevator, a
common use facility pipe space, a story, or blowby is freely
provided. In the architectural structure of the present invention,
the only outer peripheral tube frame can bear the overall.
Therefore, a free space in the inside of a core part is highly
provided.
[0153] The slab as the main frame may be either a flat slab or a
slab having a beam. The advantage of the flat slab is that the
dwelling does not have the beam. Also, the advantage of the slab
having the beam is that the slab can be thin.
[0154] An architectural structure comprises a dome-shaped part in
which a plurality of pentagon structural units are inserted at the
top of the outer peripheral tube frame. Thereby, the top of the
building can be closed in a round dome-shape. A design can be
variety. The inserted portion of the pentagon structural unit is
connected to the hexagon structural unit in a state where bias or
stress exerting a bad influence does not occur. Therefore, there is
no problem on strength of the structure.
[0155] The architectural structure provides with a tube width shift
part in which a plurality of pentagon structural units are placed
on one part of the central direction of the outer peripheral tube
frame. Thereby, width of the outer peripheral tube frame can be
reduced from a bottom to a top. For example, to reduce a load from
an upper layer part in the high-rise or the super high-rise
building, it is useful that the tube shift part is provided and the
upper layer part is reduced. The design can be variety. When a
plane-shape is a circular tube, width of the outer peripheral tube
frame corresponds to a diameter. When the plane-shape is the tube
of polygon, width of the outer peripheral tube frame corresponds to
a mean diameter or extension length. The inserted portion of the
pentagon structural unit is connected to the hexagon structural
unit in the state where bias or stress exerting the bad influence
does not occur. Therefore, there is no problem on strength of the
structure.
[0156] An extension architectural structure comprises a plurality
of architectural structures. Each of architectural structures has
structural strength as mentioned above. In addition, one part of
each outer peripheral tube frame is shared each other and is
connected. Thereby, the overall extension architectural structure
is a structure having great earthquake-resistance and wind
pressure-resistance against deformations by bend or twist due to a
horizontal load.
[0157] An extension architectural structure comprising the
plurality of the architectural structures. Each of architectural
structures has the structural strength as mentioned above. In
addition, each of architectural structures is connected by the beam
or the slab as the main frame. Thereby, the overall extension
architectural structure is a structure having great
earthquake-resistance and wind pressure-resistance against
deformations by bend or twist due to the horizontal load.
[0158] Two inclined outer peripheral tube frames in which the
hexagon structural unit is rigidly connected in a honeycomb-shape
are respectively connected in an X-shape or a -shape. Thereby, the
structure has great earthquake-resistance and wind
pressure-resistance against deformations by bend or twist due to
the horizontal load.
[0159] Inclined inner tube frames as the main frame are
respectively provided in the inside of each of two inclined outer
peripheral tube frames connected in an X-shape or a -shape. The
main frame is a frame in which the second hexagon structural unit
is rigidly connected in the honeycomb-shape. Thereby, the structure
can highly be strong. In addition, each of the inclined inner tube
frames as the main frame is adjacent. Each of the inclined inner
tube frames can be connected directly. Each of the inclined inner
tube frames can be connected via the slab or the beam. Further,
various structural elements such as an elevator or a common
facility pipe etc. can be placed in the inside of the inner tube
frame.
[0160] Although the present invention has been described by way of
exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that many changes
and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without
departing from the spirit and the scope of the present invention
which is defined only by the appended claims.
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