U.S. patent application number 12/072133 was filed with the patent office on 2008-10-09 for micro fluid transfer system.
Invention is credited to Stephen C. Jacobsen, Shayne M. Zurn.
Application Number | 20080245424 12/072133 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 39710539 |
Filed Date | 2008-10-09 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080245424 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Jacobsen; Stephen C. ; et
al. |
October 9, 2008 |
Micro fluid transfer system
Abstract
A micro fluid transfer system for transferring fluid within a
micro-environment, wherein the micro fluid transfer system
comprises: (a) an elongate body having first and second ends and an
outer surface; (b) a plurality of bores formed within the elongate
body, the bores extending along at least a portion of a length of
the elongate body for carrying fluid therein; and (c) at least one
interconnecting slot intercepting at least two of the plurality of
bores within the elongate body at a strategic, pre-determined
location and orientation so as to fluidly connect the at least two
bores and to define a plurality of potential fluid passageways
through the elongate body. The micro fluid transfer system further
comprises at least one access slot intercepting one of the
plurality of bores within the elongate body at a strategic,
pre-determined location and orientation so that the access slot and
the bore are in fluid communication with one another, the access
slot further defining additional potential fluid passageways within
the elongate body. The micro fluid transfer system further
comprises at least one rod disposed within each of the plurality of
bores, the rod being selectively positioned to define a particular
pre-determined fluid passageway and subsequent fluid flow path and
to manipulate and control fluid flow through the fluid flow
path.
Inventors: |
Jacobsen; Stephen C.; (Salt
Lake City, UT) ; Zurn; Shayne M.; (Salt Lake City,
UT) |
Correspondence
Address: |
THORPE NORTH & WESTERN, LLP.
P.O. Box 1219
SANDY
UT
84091-1219
US
|
Family ID: |
39710539 |
Appl. No.: |
12/072133 |
Filed: |
February 22, 2008 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60903139 |
Feb 22, 2007 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
137/565.01 ;
137/561R; 29/592 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10T 137/8593 20150401;
Y10T 137/85978 20150401; Y10T 29/49 20150115; F04B 19/006
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
137/565.01 ;
137/561.R; 29/592 |
International
Class: |
E03B 5/00 20060101
E03B005/00 |
Claims
1. A micro fluid transfer system for transferring fluid within a
micro-environment,: said micro fluid transfer system comprising: an
elongate body having first and second ends and an outer surface; a
plurality of bores formed within said elongate body, said bores
extending along at least a portion of a length of said elongate
body for carrying fluid therein; and at least one interconnecting
slot formed through said outer surface of said elongate body
intercepting at least two of said plurality of bores within said
elongate body at a strategic, pre-determined location and
orientation so as to fluidly connect said at least two bores and to
define a plurality of potential fluid passageways through said
elongate body.
2. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 1, further comprising
at least one access slot intercepting one of said plurality of
bores within said elongate body at a strategic, pre-determined
location and orientation so that said access slot and said bore are
in fluid communication with one another, said access slot further
defining additional potential fluid passageways within said
elongate body.
3. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 2, further comprising
at least one rod disposed within each of said plurality of bores,
said rod being selectively positioned to define a particular
pre-determined fluid passageway and subsequent fluid flow path and
to manipulate and control fluid flow through said fluid flow
path.
4. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 3, wherein said rod is
caused to oscillate back and forth within said bore to selectively
open and close said interconnect and access slots, to control fluid
flow through said fluid passageways, and to redefine said fluid
flow path.
5. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 3, wherein said rod
comprises a pumping rod configured to provide a pumping function
within said elongate body.
6. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 3, wherein said rod
comprises a valving rod configured to provide a valving function
within said elongate body.
7. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 3, wherein said rod
comprises an elongate body having a substantially constant
cross-section.
8. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 3, wherein said rod
comprises an elongate body having a first end with a substantially
similar cross-section as that of a second end and an intermediate
section connecting said first and second ends and comprising, at
least in part, a pre-determined segment comprising a recess having
a reduced cross-section relative to said cross-section of said
first and second ends, said recess being configured to open said
intermediate and access slots upon being positioned thereabout to
facilitate fluid flow through said slots.
9. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 1, further comprising
means for actuating said rods, said means selected from the group
consisting of a magnetic source, a solenoid, and an
electromechanical system.
10. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 2, further comprising
a housing configured to enclose and contain said elongate body,
said housing comprising: an interior portion configured to receive
said elongate body; a plurality of seals sealing said housing to
said elongate body to prevent inadvertent fluid flow between said
housing and said elongate body; and at least one fluid passageway
formed in said housing and in fluid connection with said elongate
body for passing fluid through said housing.
11. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 10, wherein said seals
are placed adjacent said interconnect and access slots to define a
fluid passageway out of said elongate body.
12. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 1, wherein said
elongate body is made of a material selected from the group
consisting of glass, quartz, silicon, and ceramic.
13. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 1, wherein said
interconnect slot is formed on an orientation, with respect to said
plurality of bores, selected from the group consisting of
orthogonal, transverse, and oblique.
14. The micro fluid transfer system of claim 2, wherein said at
least one access slot is formed on an orientation, with respect to
said plurality of bores, selected from the group consisting of
orthogonal, transverse, and oblique.
15. A micro fluid pump comprising: an elongate body having an outer
surface and a plurality of bores formed therein that extend along
at least a portion of a length of said elongate body for carrying
fluid therein; at least one interconnecting slot formed through
said outer surface and intercepting at least two of said bores at a
strategic, pre-determined location and orientation so as to fluidly
interconnect said at least two bores; at least one access slot
formed through said outer surface and intercepting one of said
bores at a strategic, pre-determined location and orientation so as
to be in fluid communication with said bore, said plurality of
bores, said interconnecting slot, and said at least one access slot
function to define a plurality of fluid passageways through said
elongate body; at least one rod slidably disposed within each of
said plurality of bores, respectively, said rod comprising at least
one recess therein for facilitating fluid flow about a selected
fluid flow path upon being selectively positioned within said bore;
and means for actuating said at least one rod to displace said rod
into a position to define a particular, pre-determined fluid flow
passageway and fluid flow path and to pump fluid through said
pre-determined fluid flow passageway.
16. The micro fluid pump of claim 15, further comprising
repositioning said at least one rod to define another
pre-determined fluid flow passageway and fluid flow path.
17. The micro fluid pump of claim 15, wherein said pre-determined
fluid flow passageway is defined by said rods being selectively
positioned to seal said interconnect and access slots.
18. A method of manufacturing a micro fluid transfer system, said
method comprising: forming an elongate body having first and second
ends; forming a plurality of bores within said elongate body, said
bores extending along at least a portion of a length of said
elongate body for carrying fluid therein; and forming an
interconnect slot within said elongate body to intercept and
fluidly interconnect at least two of said plurality of bores, thus
defining a plurality of potential fluid passageways through said
elongate body.
19. The method of claim 18, further comprising forming at least one
access slot within said elongate body that intercepts and fluidly
connects one of said plurality of bores, said access slot further
defining additional potential fluid passageways.
20. The method of claim 18, further comprising forming at least one
rod configured to fit within each of said plurality of bores,
respectively, and to be selectively positionable to manipulate
fluid flow through said plurality of potential fluid
passageways.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising forming at least one
recess within said rod to facilitate a valving function of said
rod, said recess defining a reduced cross-sectional area along a
partial length of said rod.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein said recess is formed according
to one or more microfabrication processes selected from the group
consisting of machining, chemical etching, photolithographic
etching, plasma etching, wet chemical etching, dry etching, laser
machining, and air abrasion.
23. The method of claim 20 further comprising operably coupling a
solenoid to each of said first and second ends of said elongate
body to selectively control the bi-directional movement of said
rods within said bores, wherein said rods comprise, at least in
part, a metallic component coupled thereto.
24. The method of claim 20, further comprising coupling a
magnetized member to each end of said rods to actuate movement of
said rods by magnet.
25. A method for transferring fluid flow within a
micro-environment, said method comprising: providing a micro fluid
transfer system comprising: an elongate body having an outer
surface and first and second ends; a plurality of bores formed in
said elongate body, said bores extending along at least a portion
of a length of said elongate body for carrying fluid therein; at
least one slot formed through said outer surface and intercepting
at least one of said plurality of bores at a pre-determined
location and orientation so as to define a plurality of potential
fluid passageways through said elongate body; at least one rod
slidably disposed within each of said plurality of bores, said at
least one rod being selectively positionable within each of said
bores to define a plurality of particular pre-determined fluid flow
paths; subjecting said micro fluid transfer system to a
micro-environment containing, at least in part, a fluid; and
actuating said at least one rod to displace into a position within
said bore to define a particular pre-determined fluid flow
passageway and fluid flow path through which said fluid is
transferred.
26. The method of claim 25, further comprising repositioning said
at least one rod to define another pre-determined fluid flow
passageway and fluid flow path.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein said at least one slot
comprises an interconnecting slot configured to fluidly
interconnect two of said plurality of bores, said interconnecting
slot further defining additional potential fluid flow passageways
within said elongate body.
28. The method of claim 25, wherein said at least one slot
comprises an access slot configured to fluidly connect at least one
of said bores with an outer surface of said elongate body, said
access slot being formed at a strategic, pre-determined location
and at a strategic, pre-determined orientation with respect to said
bore,.
29. The method of claim 25, wherein said actuating said at least
one rod comprises: coupling a magnetized member at each end of said
rod; placing a magnetic generator proximate each of said magnetized
members; and alternating the polarity of said magnetic generators
to cause said rod to selectively oscillate back and forth.
30. The method of claim 25, wherein said step of actuating at least
one of said rods comprises: coupling a solenoid to said first and
second ends of said elongate body; coupling a metallic component to
each end of said rod; supplying selective current to said solenoids
to cause said rod to oscillate back and forth.
31. The method of claim 25, wherein said micro-environment
comprises those selected from the group consisting of intravenous,
and a computer circuit board.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 60/903,139, filed Feb. 22, 2007, and entitled,
"Micro Fluid Transfer System," which is incorporated by reference
in its entirety herein.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to fluid management systems,
such as pumps, valves, etc., and more particularly to micro fluid
management or transfer systems, such as micro pumps, micro valves,
micro motors, etc., and their fabrication thereof, wherein the
micro fluid management systems are configured and designed to
control fluid flow in micro or micro-miniature environments. The
present invention also relates to micro-electro-mechanical systems
(MEMS) and a variety of microfluidic devices.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND RELATED ART
[0003] The field of micro fluidics, relating to micro fluidic
devices, such as micro pumps, micro valves, micro motors, etc. has
gained significant momentum in light of recent technological
advances that have enabled functioning fluid transport or transfer
systems to be formed and operable within a micro miniature
environment. The several realized and potential applications for
such technology have further fueled interest in micro fluidic
devices.
[0004] Micro fluidic devices allow for the manipulation of
extremely small volumes of liquids to perform work or other tasks.
Micro fluidic devices include a variety of components for
manipulating and analyzing the fluid within the devices. Typically,
these elements are micro fabricated from substrates made of
silicon, glass, ceramic, plastic, and/or quartz. These various
fluid-processing components are linked by micro channels, etched
into the same substrate, through which the fluid flows under the
control of a fluid propulsion mechanism. Electronic components may
also be fabricated on the substrate, allowing sensors and
controlling circuitry to be incorporated in the same device.
Because all of the components are made using conventional
photolithographic techniques, multi-component devices can be
readily assembled into complex, integrated systems.
[0005] One problem associated with prior related micro fluidic
devices or systems is the difficulty in fluidly connecting interior
portions to exterior portions, such as is the case in forming
various ports, such as input and output ports. Although forming
various fluid passageways through pumps and valves is easily
accomplished in regular pumps and valves, common approaches have
proven unworkable in micro miniature environments. Indeed, it is
difficult to drill or machine a hole into a glass tube using common
manufacturing methods. As such, micro fluid devices or systems have
been limited in their size by present manufacturing methods, which
size limitation results in a corresponding limitation in their
applications. In other words, there remain several potential
applications in which a micro miniature fluid transfer system may
be used if improvements in manufacturing methods can be achieved to
the point where the system is able to be made significantly
smaller.
[0006] The development of micro fluidic devices, such as micro
pumps, has given rise to one particular application, namely what is
commonly referred to as lab on a chip technology, which may provide
many significant advances in medical, industrial, and other fields.
Indeed, many attempts have been made to incorporate micro fluidic
devices on a chip by miniaturizing the fluid transfer elements
capable of performing the fluid transfer functions.
[0007] Many micro fluidic devices are driven by electromagnetic and
piezoelectric forces. Others may be driven by pneumatic,
thermal-pneumatic, thermal-electric, shape memory alloy, and other
forces.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] In light of the problems and deficiencies inherent in the
prior art, the present invention seeks to overcome these by
providing a micro fluid transfer system configured for use in micro
environments and configured to provide simple and efficient pumping
and valving operations.
[0009] One way in which the present invention may overcome
deficiencies in the prior art is by replacing drilled or machined
access holes in the side of a micro pump or micro valve body with
slots which access one or more bores formed within the elongate
body. Slots may be created with a variety of methods and are easier
to manufacture in the micro environment. The slots can then be
covered or isolated with a containment system, which system acts to
create fluid pathways and control the flow of fluid in the desired
manner.
[0010] In accordance with one exemplary embodiment, as embodied and
broadly described herein, the present invention features a micro
fluid transfer system for transferring fluid within a
micro-environment, wherein the micro fluid transfer system
comprises: (a) an elongate body having first and second ends and an
outer surface; (b) a plurality of bores formed within the elongate
body, the bores extending along at least a portion of a length of
the elongate body for carrying fluid therein; and (c) at least one
interconnecting slot intercepting at least two of the plurality of
bores within the elongate body at a strategic, pre-determined
location and orientation so as to fluidly connect the at least two
bores and to define a plurality of potential fluid passageways
through the elongate body.
[0011] The micro fluid transfer system further comprises at least
one access slot intercepting one of the plurality of bores within
the elongate body at a strategic, pre-determined location and
orientation so that the access slot and the bore are in fluid
communication with one another, the access slot further defining
additional potential fluid passageways within the elongate
body.
[0012] The micro fluid transfer system further comprises at least
one rod disposed within each of the plurality of bores, the rod
being selectively positioned to define a particular pre-determined
fluid passageway and subsequent fluid flow path and to manipulate
and control fluid flow through the fluid flow path.
[0013] The micro fluid transfer system still further comprises a
housing configured to enclose and contain the elongate body,
wherein the housing comprises: (i) an interior portion configured
to receive the elongate body; (ii) a plurality of seals sealing the
housing to the elongate body to prevent inadvertent fluid flow
between the housing and the elongate body; and (iii) at least one
fluid passageway formed in the housing and in fluid connection with
the elongate body for passing fluid through the housing.
[0014] The present invention also features a micro fluid pump
comprising: (a) an elongate body having a plurality of bores formed
therein that extend along at least a portion of a length of the
elongate body for carrying fluid therein; (b) at least one
interconnecting slot intercepting at least two of the bores at a
strategic, pre-determined location and orientation so as to fluidly
interconnect the at least two bores; (c) at least one access slot
intercepting one of the bores at a strategic, pre-determined
location and orientation so as to be in fluid communication with
the bore, the plurality of bores, the interconnecting slot, and the
at least one access slot function to define a plurality of fluid
passageways through the elongate body; (d) at least one rod
slidably disposed within each of the plurality of bores,
respectively, the rod comprising at least one recess therein for
facilitating fluid flow about a selected fluid flow path upon being
selectively positioned within the bore; and (e) means for actuating
the at least one rod to displace the rod into a position to define
a particular, pre-determined fluid flow passageway and fluid flow
path and to pump fluid through the pre-determined fluid flow
passageway.
[0015] The micro fluid pump further comprises repositioning the at
least one rod to define another pre-determined fluid flow
passageway and fluid flow path.
[0016] The present invention further features a method of
manufacturing a micro fluid transfer system, wherein the method
comprises: (a) forming an elongate body having first and second
ends; (b) forming a plurality of bores within the elongate body,
the bores extending along at least a portion of a length of the
elongate body for carrying fluid therein; and (c) forming an
interconnect slot within the elongate body to intercept and fluidly
interconnect at least two of the plurality of bores, thus defining
a plurality of potential fluid passageways through the elongate
body.
[0017] The method further comprises forming at least one access
slot within the elongate body that intercepts and fluidly connects
one of the plurality of bores, the access slot further defining
additional potential fluid passageways.
[0018] The present invention still further features a method for
transferring fluid flow within a micro-environment, wherein the
method comprises: (a) providing a micro fluid transfer system
comprising: (i) an elongate body having first and second ends; (ii)
a plurality of bores formed in the elongate body, the bores
extending along at least a portion of a length of the elongate body
for carrying fluid therein; (iii) at least one slot intercepting at
least one of the plurality of bores at a pre-determined location
and orientation so as to define a plurality of potential fluid
passageways through the elongate body; and (iv) at least one rod
slidably disposed within each of the plurality of bores, the at
least one rod being selectively positionable within each of the
bores to define a plurality of particular pre-determined fluid flow
paths; (b) subjecting the micro fluid transfer system to a
micro-environment containing, at least in part, a fluid; and (c)
actuating the at least one rod to displace into a position within
the bore to define a particular pre-determined fluid flow
passageway and fluid flow path through which the fluid is
transferred.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The present invention will become more fully apparent from
the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction
with the accompanying drawings. Understanding that these drawings
merely depict exemplary embodiments of the present invention they
are, therefore, not to be considered limiting of its scope. It will
be readily appreciated that the components of the present
invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures
herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of
different configurations. Nonetheless, the invention will be
described and explained with additional specificity and detail
through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:
[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a micro fluid
transfer system according to one exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0021] FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a micro fluid
transfer system according to another exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0022] FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of a micro fluid
transfer system according to still another exemplary embodiment of
the present invention;
[0023] FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a micro fluid
transfer system, similar that that of FIG. 3-A, yet still another
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] FIGS. 5-A-5-D illustrates the exemplary micro fluid transfer
system of FIG. 3-A configured as a micro-pump, and the several
operational stages of the micro fluid transfer system and its
components in performing an exemplary pumping cycle;
[0025] FIG. 6 illustrates a perspective view of a micro fluid
transfer system according to another exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0026] FIG. 7 illustrates a perspective view of a micro fluid
transfer system according to another exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0027] FIGS. 8-A-8-C illustrate perspective side and front views,
respectively, of a micro fluid transfer system as contained within
a potting mold;
[0028] FIG. 9 illustrates a perspective view of a micro fluid
transfer system according to still another exemplary embodiment of
the present invention; and
[0029] FIG. 10 illustrates a perspective view of a micro fluid
transfer system according to still another exemplary embodiment of
the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0030] The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments
of the invention makes reference to the accompanying drawings,
which form a part hereof and in which are shown, by way of
illustration, exemplary embodiments in which the invention may be
practiced. While these exemplary embodiments are described in
sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art practice the
invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be
realized and that various changes to the invention may be made
without departing from the spirit and scope of the present
invention. Thus, the following more detailed description of the
embodiments of the present invention, as represented in FIGS. 1
through 10, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as
claimed, but is presented for purposes of illustration only and not
limitation to describe the features and characteristics of the
present invention, to set forth the best mode of operation of the
invention, and to sufficiently enable one skilled in the art to
practice the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present
invention is to be defined solely by the appended claims.
[0031] The following detailed description and exemplary embodiments
of the invention will be best understood by reference to the
accompanying drawings, wherein the elements and features of the
invention are designated by numerals throughout.
[0032] In its most general sense, and common to each of the
embodiments discussed below, the present invention features a micro
fluid transfer system comprising an elongate body, typically in the
form of a solid body structure, wherein the elongate body has
formed therein one or more longitudinal bores or bores. The
elongate body further has formed therein one or more ports or slots
caused to be in fluid connection with the one or more bores. The
ports or slots are configured to intercept the bores at a
strategic, pre-determined location and orientation so as to define
a plurality of potential fluid passageways through said elongate
body. The micro fluid transfer system may be designed and
configured to function as a micro pump, a micro valve, a micro
sensor, and as other micro fluidic devices.
[0033] One particular advantage of the present invention is the
ability to manufacture micro miniature fluid transfer systems that
can be used in applications previously unattainable by prior
related micro fluid transfer systems. The micro fluid transfer
systems of the present invention may be made much smaller due to
the unique manufacturing techniques or methods employed to form the
micro fluid transfer systems of the present invention. Using such
methods or techniques, very small operating systems, such as pumps
and valves, may be caused to operate in various areas of interest,
such as to create new MEMS devices, to provide lab under a chip
operations, to be used as an implantable system, and others.
Indeed, an attractive application is implantable micro fluidic
devices that are capable of being inserted into the human body for
one or more purposes, such as drug delivery.
[0034] The micro fluid transfer system further comprises one or
more rods configured to be slidably disposed within one or more of
the bores, respectively. The rods are configured to be selectively
positioned and repositioned to define various particular and
pre-determined fluid passageways and subsequent fluid flow paths
through the elongate body, and particularly through the bore(s) and
the port(s), and to manipulate and control the flow of the fluid
through the elongate body. Essentially, movement and positioning of
the rods dictates the movement of the fluid through the micro fluid
transfer system.
[0035] With reference to FIG. 1, shown is a micro fluid transfer
system according to a first exemplary embodiment, wherein the micro
fluid transfer system comprises a single bore design configured for
simple fluid flow management. As shown, the micro fluid transfer
system 10 may function as a micro-pump or a micro-valve, depending
upon the configurational design of the elongate body and the rods.
In a first exemplary aspect or configurational design, the micro
fluid transfer system 10 is configured to function as a micro-pump.
Specifically, the micro fluid transfer system 10 comprises an
elongate body 14 having a first end 18, a second end 22, an outer
surface 26, and an outer diameter d.sub.o. Formed longitudinally
within the elongate body 14 is a single bore 30 of circular
cross-section having a diameter d.sub.i. The bore 30 comprises a
central axis that is preferably oriented to be coaxial with the
central longitudinal axis of the elongate body 14, thus positioning
the bore 30 within the center of the elongate body 14. However, the
bore 30 may further be formed so that its central axis is offset
from the longitudinal axis of the elongate body 14 in any
direction.
[0036] The elongate body 14 further comprises an input port 40 and
an output port 44. Input and output ports 40 and 44 are formed
within the elongate body transverse to the bore 30. Moreover, input
and output ports 40 and 44 extend from the outer surface 26 of the
elongate body 14 to the bore 30. Thus, input and output ports 40
and 44 are fluidly connected to the bore 30. Input and output ports
40 and 44 further function to fluidly connect the bore 30 to the
environment immediately surrounding the elongate body 14, or to a
housing or tube or other structure associated with the ports 40 and
44.
[0037] With reference to all of the embodiments discussed herein,
unless otherwise noted, the elongate body comprises a micro
miniature size, preferably ranging from 1000-2000 micrometers in
diameter, and from 10,000-20,000 micrometers in length (1-2 cm).
Other micro-miniature sizes are also contemplated in keeping with
the objectives and intentions or purpose of the present invention.
In addition, the elongate body is preferably made of a glass
material. Other materials are also contemplated, such as ceramic
materials consisting of oxides, carbides, nitrides, carbon and
other non-metals with high melting points; quartz materials;
alumina materials; mica materials; dolomite materials; zircon
materials; magnesium oxide materials, sapphire materials,
monolithic materials; calcium materials; nitride materials; spinel
materials, and others not specifically recited herein.
[0038] The micro fluid transfer system 10 further comprises one or
more rods fittable and slidably disposed within the bore 30 of the
elongate body 14. As shown, the micro fluid transfer system 10
comprises two separate rods, namely piston rods 48-a and 48-b ,
that are configured to selectively displace back and forth within
the bore 30 to achieve specific positions to pump fluid
accordingly. Selectively positioning each of the piston rods 48-a
and 48-b within the bore 30 and about the input and output ports 40
and 44 functions to control the fluid flow through the elongate
body 14, and particularly through the bore 30 and the input and
output ports 40 and 44.
[0039] Moreover, controlling the displacement of each of the piston
rods 48-a and 48-b relative to one another functions to actively
pump fluid through the fluid transfer system 10. As such, the
present invention further comprises various means for actuating or
oscillating the piston and valve rods in a selective manner to
control the flow of fluid through the bores and any fluid
passageways intercepting and fluidly connecting the bores to the
outside surface of the elongate body. In one exemplary embodiment,
the rods are caused to be operable with a magnetic source, wherein
a magnet may be selectively actuated to drive the rods, each
comprising a metal component coupled thereto. In another exemplary
embodiment, the rods are driven by a solenoid operable with each
rod. By configuring the rods with a metallic component, a solenoid
may be operably coupled to each of the first and second ends of the
elongate body, wherein the solenoid may be actuated by supplying a
current thereto to selectively control the bi-directional movement
of the rods within the bores. In still another exemplary
embodiment, an electromechanical system may be utilized to drive or
oscillate the rods.
[0040] The piston rods 48-a and 48-b are configured with an outer
diameter d.sub.r that is slightly less then the diameter d.sub.i of
the bore 30, thereby allowing the rods 48 to fit and slide within
the bore 30. The piston rods 48-a and 48-b and the inside surface
of the bore 30 may be configured to comprise a clearance tolerance
therebetween that prohibits fluid flow over the respective ends and
about the respective surfaces 62-a and 62-b of the piston rods 48-a
and 48-b , or that allows a pre-determined flow of fluid over the
ends and about the surfaces 62-a and 62-b of the piston rods 48-a
and 48-b , depending upon the particular flow requirements of the
overall system in which the micro fluid transfer system 10 is
implemented.
[0041] With reference to all of the embodiments discussed herein,
unless otherwise noted, the rods (piston or valve) are also micro
miniature in size, typically ranging from 200-300 micrometers in
diameter, and from 10,000-30,000 micrometers (1-3 cm) in length.
Other micro-miniature sizes are also contemplated, again in keeping
with the teachings of the present invention.
[0042] Piston rods 48-a and 48-b are comprised of a glass material,
although other materials may be used in their fabrication, such as
those recited above in the discussion pertaining to the elongate
body 14.
[0043] In an exemplary pumping operation using the exemplary
single, centrally located bore embodiment of the micro fluid
transfer system 10 shown in FIG. 1 and described herein, four steps
may be described that define a single micro-pumping cycle. First,
as an initial step, the second end 52-a of the piston rod 48-a is
positioned left of the input port 40, as is the first end 50-b of
the piston rod 48-b , thus closing both the input and output ports
40 and 44. In a second step, the piston rod 48-b is caused to
displace away from the piston rod 48-a and the input port 40, thus
opening the input port 40 and drawing fluid into the bore 30
through the input port 40. The piston rod 48-b is displaced a
distance such that its first end 50-b is located to the right of
the output port 44, thus opening the output port 44. In a third
step, the piston rod 48-a is caused to displace toward the piston
rod 48-b and the output port 44. The displacement of piston rod
48-a in this manner effectively closes the input port 40 and
subsequently forces the input fluid through the bore 30 and out of
the output port 44. The piston rod 48-a may be displaced until all
or a portion of the fluid is expelled from the system 10. In a
fourth step, the piston rods 48-a and 48-b are brought into the
initial starting position described in step one, and the process is
repeated, thus allowing fluid to be pumped in a micro-miniature
environment.
[0044] In effect, selectively positioning and repositioning the
rods 48-a and 48-b as needed about or with respect to the input and
output ports 40 and 44 functions to open and close, and thereby
regulate the flow of fluid through, these ports and the elongate
body 14. Stated differently, the selective positioning of the
piston rods 48-a and 48-b functions to create various fluid
passageways within the micro fluid transfer system 10 through which
the fluid is intended to travel. For instance, to open the input
port 40 and close the output port 44, the piston rod 48-a may be
positioned so that its end 52-a is positioned forward of the input
port 40, or left of the input port 40 as shown in FIG. 1, and the
piston rod 48-b may be positioned so that the output port 44 is
between the first end 50-b and the second end 52-b of the piston
rod 48-b . In this configuration, fluid may flow through the input
port only. Obviously, other configurations are possible, such as
opening or closing both the input and output ports 40 and 44
simultaneously, or closing the input port 40 and opening the output
port 44, or vice versa, simply by positioning and re-positioning or
relocating the piston rods 48-a and 48-b within the bore 30. The
selective positioning and re-positioning or relocating of the
piston rods 48-a and 48-b within the bore 30 may be performed as
often as necessary to create a desired fluid passageway and
corresponding fluid flow path in and out of and within the micro
fluid transfer system 10.
[0045] It is noted that piston rods 48-a and 48-b may be configured
to perform one or more passive valving functions in addition to or
rather than the active pumping functions described above, as will
be obvious to one skilled in the art.
[0046] FIG. 1 also illustrates an alternative exemplary
configurational design for the micro fluid transfer system 10,
wherein piston rods 48-a and 48-b discussed above are replaced with
a single valve rod, shown as valve rod 66, and two ports are added,
shown as output ports 40-a and 44-a which are fluidly connected to
the bore 30. Instead of being used to cause the system 10 to
actively pump fluid, this alternative configuration allows the
micro fluid transfer system 10 to operate in a passive state as a
micro-valve. Valve rod 66 functions in a similar manner as the
combination valve rods 48-a and 48-b , namely to manage the fluid
flow through the bore 30 and the input port 40 and (now input port)
44 and the additional output ports 40-a and 44-a of the elongate
body 14. Output ports 40-a and 44-a may be positioned to line up
directly with input ports 40 and 44, or they may be offset, as
shown in FIG. 1.
[0047] Valve rod 66 comprises a recessed portion 74 etched or
otherwise formed in its surface 72. Recessed portion 74 comprises a
reduced cross-sectional area, or smaller diameter, than the
cross-sectional area or diameter of the rest of the valve rod 66.
Positioning the valve rod 66 so that the recessed portion 74 is
aligned with the input port 40 and output port 40-a effectively
functions to open that port by providing a path for fluid flow. The
recessed portion 74 may also be selectively positioned over the
input port 44 and output port 44-a to selectively open and close
those ports as desired. Therefore, pressurized fluid is allowed to
flow through the system 10 according to the position of the valve
rod 66. Alternatively, the valve rod 66 may comprise a second
recessed portion, shown in phantom as recessed portion 74-b ,
properly formed in the surface 72 of the valve rod 66, thus
reducing the distance the valve rod must travel to regulate or
manage fluid flow through the bore 30 and the input ports 40 and 44
and output ports 40-a and 44-a.
[0048] With reference to FIG. 2, shown is a micro fluid transfer
system according to a second exemplary embodiment, wherein the
micro fluid transfer system comprises a dual bore design configured
for micro fluid flow transfer and management. As shown, the micro
fluid transfer system 110 may function as a micro-pump or a
micro-valve, depending upon the configurational design and function
of the system and the rods, as explained below.
[0049] In a first exemplary aspect or configurational design, the
micro fluid transfer system 110 is configured to function as a
micro-pump. Specifically, the micro fluid transfer system 110
comprises an elongate body 114 having a first end 118, a second end
122, an outer surface 126, and an outer diameter d.sub.o. Formed
longitudinally within the elongate body 114 is a first bore 130 of
circular cross-section having a diameter d.sub.i1. Although the
first bore 130 may extend the length of the elongate body 114, it
is shown extending only partially the length of the elongate body
114. In this manner, the elongate body 114 functions as a barrier
to fluid flow through the first bore 130. Also formed
longitudinally within the elongate body 114 is a second bore 132.
The second bore 132 is also of circular cross-section having a
diameter d.sub.i2. Again, although the second bore 132 may extend
the length of the elongate body 114, it is shown extending only
partially the length of the elongate body 114. As such, the
longitudinal or central axis of the first and second bores 130 and
132 are offset from and parallel to one another.
[0050] The elongate body 114 further comprises an input port 140
and an output port 144. Input and output ports 140 and 144 are
formed within the elongate body transverse to the first and second
bores 130 and 132. Moreover, input and output ports 140 and 144
extend from the outer surface 126 of the elongate body 114 and
through the first and second bores 130 and 132. Thus, input and
output ports 140 and 144 are fluidly connected to each of the first
and second bore 130 and 132. Input and output ports 140 and 144
also fluidly connect the first bore 130 to the second bore 132, as
shown. Input and output ports 140 and 144 further function to
fluidly connect the first and second bores 130 and 132 to the
environment immediately surrounding the elongate body 114, or to a
housing or tube or other structure associated with the ports 140
and 144.
[0051] The micro fluid transfer system 110 further comprises one or
more rods fittable and slidably disposed within the first and
second bores 130 and 132 of the elongate body 114. As shown, the
micro fluid transfer system 110 comprises two separate rods, namely
piston rod 148 and valve rod 166. Piston rod 148 is configured to
selectively displace back and forth within the first bore 130 to
achieve specific positions to pump fluid accordingly. Piston rod
148 preferably comprises a uniform cross-section.
[0052] On the other hand, valve rod 166 is configured to
selectively displace back and forth within the second bore 132 to
open and close the input and output ports 140 and 144. The valve
rod 166 comprises a substantially uniform cross-section with one or
more recesses formed therein, shown as first and second recesses
174-a and 174-b , which function to allow fluid to flow through the
input and output ports 140 and 144 when aligned therewith due to
their reduced cross-section. Recesses 174-a and 174-b are
configured to comprise a pre-determined and appropriate length as
will be recognized by one skilled in the art. In essence, piston
rod 148 and valve rod 166 are designed to work in conjunction with
one another to achieve various pumping and/or valving states within
the micro fluid transfer system 110.
[0053] Selectively positioning each of the piston and valve rods
148 and 166 within the first and second bores 130 and 132,
respectively, and about the input and output ports 140 and 144
functions to control the fluid flow through the elongate body 114,
and particularly through the bores 130 and 132, as well as the
input and output ports 140 and 144. The system 10 can be operated
as a pump or as a valve, depending upon the configuration and
active/passive state of the rods.
[0054] Similar to the rods discussed above, the piston and valve
rods 148 and 166 are configured with an outer diameter d.sub.r1 and
d.sub.r2, respectively, that are slightly less then the diameters
d.sub.i1 and d.sub.i2 of the first and second bores 130 and 132,
respectively, thereby allowing the rods 148 and 166 to fit and
slide within their respective bores. The piston rod 148 and the
inside surface of the bore 130 may be configured to comprise a
clearance tolerance therebetween that prohibits fluid flow over the
end 152 and about the surface 154 of the piston rod 148, or that
allows a pre-determined flow of fluid over the end 152 and about
the surface 154 of the piston rod 148, depending upon the
particular flow requirements of the overall system in which the
micro fluid transfer system 110 is implemented. Likewise, the valve
rod 166 and the inside surface of the bore 132 may be configured to
comprise a clearance tolerance therebetween that prohibits fluid
flow over the end 168 and about the surface 172 of the valve rod
166, or that allows a pre-determined flow of fluid over the ends
and about the surfaces 172 of the valve rod 166.
[0055] In an exemplary micro pumping operation using the dual bore
micro fluid transfer system 110 shown in FIG. 2 and described
herein, four steps may be described that define a single pumping
cycle. First, as an initial step, the piston rod 148 is positioned
such that it is all the way or substantially into the first bore
130. Conversely, the valve rod 166 is positioned such that the
first recess 174-a is aligned with the intake port 140, thus
opening the intake port 140. The output port 144 is therefore
closed. In a second step, with the valve rod 166 held stationary,
the piston rod 166 is caused to displace towards the opening of the
first bore 130, which action draws fluid in through the input port
140 and into the first bore 130. In a third step, with the piston
rod 148 held stationary, the valve rod 166 is repositioned or
realigned so that the second recess portion 174-b is aligned with
the output port 144, thus opening the output port 144 and closing
the input port 140. In the fourth step, with the output port 144
thus opened, the piston rod 148 is caused to displace again into
the first bore 130. Displacing the piston rod 148 in this manner
functions to force or expel the fluid input into the first bore 130
out of the output port 144. These steps are repeated as often as
necessary and at any frequency to achieve a desired pumping
operation.
[0056] In an exemplary micro-valving operation, using the dual bore
micro fluid transfer system 110 shown in FIG. 2 and described
herein, the piston rod 148 is eliminated (with the first bore 130
plugged) or held constant at a position allowing the input and
output ports 140 and 144 to be fluidly connected. On the other
hand, the valve rod 166 is caused to displace to open and close the
input and output ports 140 and 144 in order to manage or regulate
the flow of pressurized fluid through the system 110.
[0057] It will be obvious that the present invention micro fluid
transfer system may comprise a plurality of both input and output
ports, as well as a plurality of bores, each formed within the
elongate body. It will also be obvious to one skilled in the art
that the input and output ports may be located anywhere along the
length of the elongated body, and that the bores may be positioned
in any position relative to one another. The number of bores may
determine the number of rods needed to operate the micro fluid
transfer system. In addition, the number and location of input and
output ports may determine the type and configuration of the rods
necessary to operate the system.
[0058] With reference to FIGS. 3-A and 3-B, illustrated is a micro
fluid transfer system 210 according to a third exemplary embodiment
of the present invention. In this particular exemplary embodiment,
the elongate body 214 comprises a first end 218, a second end 222,
an outer surface 226, and an outer diameter d.sub.o. Formed
longitudinally within the elongate body 214 is a first bore 230 of
circular cross-section having a diameter d.sub.i1. Also formed
longitudinally within the elongate body 214 is a second bore 232.
The second bore 232 is also of circular cross-section having a
diameter d.sub.i2. As such, the longitudinal or central axis of the
first and second bores 230 and 232 are offset from and parallel to
one another.
[0059] Also formed in the elongate body 214 are three slots, shown
as interconnecting slot 280 and access slots 284 and 288.
Interconnecting slot 280 is configured to fluidly connect the first
bore 230 with the second bore 232. Interconnecting slot 280 is
formed in the elongate body 214 by cutting or otherwise removing a
thin slice of material from the elongate body 214 starting from the
upper surface 226 and extending through the elongate body 214 until
each of the first and second bores 230 and 232 are intercepted. In
other words, a slot is initiated at the surface 226, and is
extended until it intercepts each of the first and second bores 230
and 232. By forming a slot in this manner, the first and second
bores 230 and 232 are not only in fluid communication with one
another, but also with the upper surface 226, thus allowing them to
fluidly communicate with the outside environment or a housing
surrounding and encasing the elongate body 214, such as a housing
having input and output ports therein.
[0060] In a preferred aspect, interconnecting slot 280 may be
formed so that its orientation is transverse or perpendicular to
the longitudinal axis of the first and second bores 230 and 232. In
this orientation, and in the embodiment shown, the interconnecting
slot 280 comprises a cut extending substantially half-way through
the elongate body 214, and thus substantially half-way through each
of the first and second bores 230 and 232, as each of these are
shown symmetrically and centrally located within the elongate body
214. However, no matter the location or orientation of the first
and second bores 230 and 232, the interconnecting slot 280 may be
formed to still fluidly interconnect these two bores. Essentially,
no matter their location within the elongate body 214, it is
intended that first and second bores 230 and 232 be fluidly
connected by interconnecting slot 280. Alternatively,
interconnecting slot 280 may be formed at other orientations with
respect to the longitudinal axis of the first and second bores 230
and 232, such as at an oblique orientation, as will be recognized
and obvious to those skilled in the art.
[0061] On the other hand, the access slots 284 and 288 are
configured to fluidly connect a single bore to the outside surface
226, namely the first and second bores 230 or 232, respectively, to
the upper surface 226. In the embodiment shown, the access slot 284
is configured to fluidly connect the first bore 230 to the upper
surface 226, as shown. The access slot 284 comprises a thin cut
extending from the upper surface 226, through the elongate body
214, and to the first bore 230 where it intersects the first bore
230. Unlike the interconnecting slot 280, the access slot 284 is
oriented so that it intercepts only a single bore, namely first
bore 230. In this manner, the access slot 284 fluidly connects the
first bore 230 with the upper surface 226 of the elongate body. In
addition, the access slot 284 is fluidly connected to the
interconnecting slot 280 via the first bore 230. FIG. 3-B
illustrates the orientation and intersection of both the
interconnecting slot 280 and the access slot 284. Access slot 284
may be configured to function as a fluid input port or a fluid
output port.
[0062] Likewise, the access slot 288 is configured to fluidly
connect the second bore 232 to the upper surface 226, as shown, in
a similar manner as the access slot 284. Access slot 288 may be
configured to function as a fluid input port or a fluid output
port.
[0063] In a preferred aspect, access slots 284 and 288 may be
formed so that their orientation is also transverse or
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first and second
bores 230 and 232, respectively. In this orientation, and in the
embodiment shown, the access slots 284 and 288 comprise a cut
extending through the elongate body 214 to a point substantially
half-way through the first and second bores 230 and 232,
respectively. Alternatively, the access slots 284 and 288 may be
formed at other orientations with respect to the longitudinal axis
of the first and second bores 230 and 232, such as at an oblique
orientation, as will be recognized and obvious to those skilled in
the art.
[0064] Interconnecting slot 280 and access slots 284 and 288 may
comprise any size necessary for any given operating environment.
However, the slots are typically between 500-1,500 micrometers in
width. Of course, other sizes are possible and are contemplated
herein, depending upon the intended application for the micro fluid
transfer system, various system requirements, design constraints,
and the size of the overall micro fluid transfer system.
[0065] As shown in FIG. 3, the exemplary micro fluid transfer
system 210 comprises a single interconnecting slot 280, an access
slot 284, and an access slot 288, each utilized within a dual bore
system. However, as will be obvious to one skilled in the art, the
micro fluid transfer system 210 may comprise a plurality of slots
in the form of interconnecting slots and/or access slots. In
addition, the elongate body may comprise a single bore, or more
than two bores, each associated with one or more interconnecting
and/or access slots.
[0066] The present invention micro fluid transfer system further
features or comprises a fluid containment system for sealing the
elongate body, and particularly the various input/output ports or
slots, and bores formed in the elongate body. With reference to
FIG. 4, illustrated is one exemplary fluid containment system
utilized for sealing the slots and bores formed in the elongate
body of an exemplary micro fluid transfer system similar to the one
described above and shown in FIG. 3-A. In this embodiment, the
fluid containment system comprises various silicone rubber
components molded to fit about the elongate body of the micro fluid
transfer system. As shown, the micro fluid transfer system 310
comprises an elongate body 314 having a dual bore configuration,
namely first and second bores 330 and 332 that extend through the
elongate body 314 and that function as discussed above. The
elongate body further has formed therein access slots 384 and 388,
and an interconnecting slot 380. As part of the containment system,
end cap 390 is configured to removably fit over the first end 318
of the elongate body. The end cap 390 comprises a sidewall 392
extending from an end portion 394, thus allowing the end cap 390 to
properly fit over and seal against the outer surface 326 of the
elongate body 314. Formed in the end portion 394 are aperture
locations 396-a and 396-b that correspond to and align with the
first and second bores 330 and 332, respectively. Each of the
apertures locations 396-a and 396-b may be plugged to seal one end
of bores 330 and 332, respectively, or may be configured to receive
therethrough and seal a piston or valve rod for and during
operation of the micro fluid system 310, while still facilitating
the selective displacement of the rods.
[0067] Opposite the end cap 390 is a sleeve 398 configured to
removably fit over the second end 322 of the elongate body 314 and
to conceal the slots formed therein. The sleeve 398 also comprises
a sidewall 400 that extends from an end portion 402, thus forming
an end cap. Formed within the end portion 402 are apertures 404-a
and 404-b that align with the first and second bores 330 and 332,
respectively, and that function similar to the apertures formed in
the end cap 390 discussed above. Apertures 404-a and 404-b may be
sealed if necessary to prevent inadvertent fluid flow. Sleeve 398
is large enough in size so as to fit over the slots formed in the
elongate body 314, thus containing the fluid flowing through these
slots in a controlled manner. The sleeve 398 further comprises an
input tube 406 and an output tube 408 extending from the sidewall
400. The input tube 406 is configured to align with and fluidly
connect to the access port 384 when the sleeve 398 is properly in
place about the elongate body 314. Likewise, the output tube 408 is
configured to align with and fluidly connect to the access port 388
when the sleeve 398 is properly in place about the elongate body
314.
[0068] The sleeve 398 is further configured to contain the fluid
flowing through the various slots formed in the elongate body 314.
As can be seen, once the sleeve 398 is in place, fluid flow within
and through the interconnecting slot 380 and also the access slots
384 and 388 is limited. In other words, the sleeve 398 functions to
seal the interconnecting slot 380 and the access slots 384 and 388,
and to prohibit fluid from flowing through these slots, except as
intended. With respect to the interconnecting slot 380, fluid is
still allowed to flow between the first and second bores 330 and
332 as directed by the positioning of the respective rods. The
sleeve 398 simply functions to prohibit fluid from flowing out of
the elongate body 314 through the interconnecting slot 380.
[0069] With respect to the access slots 384 and 388, once the
sleeve 398 is properly fitted about the elongate body 314 and the
micro fluid transfer system actuated, fluid is channeled into the
micro fluid transfer system 310, and particularly the access port
384, through the input tube 406. As the system operates, fluid is
expelled from the micro fluid transfer system 310, and particularly
the access port 388, through the output tube 408. In this manner,
fluid is properly contained within and about the micro fluid
transfer system 310 and is only allowed to pass in and out of the
system through these tubes. The input and output tubes 406 and 408
may be configured to be attached and fluidly connected to other
appropriate structures within an overall system, as will be
apparent to one skilled in the art.
[0070] With the fluid containment system of FIG. 4 in place, the
micro fluid transfer system 210 shown in FIG. 3-A further comprises
first and second rods fittable within the first and second bores
230 and 232, respectively. Depending upon the desired operating
constraints, the rods may be valve rods or a combination of a
piston rod and a valve rod. In one exemplary aspect in which the
micro fluid transfer system is configured as micro-pump, such as
the one shown in FIG. 3-A, and similar to the input and output
ports discussed above, fluid flow through the interconnecting and
access slots 280, 284, and 288, as well as the first and second
bores 230 and 232, is controlled by a piston rod 248 and a valve
rod 266 inserted into and selectively displaceable within the first
and second bores 230 and 232, respectively. In a passive or low
pressure environment, the piston rod 248 functions allow fluid to
enter into the system through the access slot 284, functioning as
an input port. The piston rod may be actuated to force the input
fluid through a pre-determined fluid passageway (created or defined
by the number and location of additional interconnecting and/or
access slots and the positioning of the piston and valve rods
within the first and second bores 230 and 232, respectively), and
to eventually pump fluid out of the system 210. The valve rod 266
controls the path of the fluid and the regulation of the fluid
being pumped out of the system by its recessed portion 274 being
properly positioned about the interconnecting slot 280 and access
slot 288, functioning as an output port. In another exemplary
aspect, a second valve rod may be used in place of the piston rod,
wherein the two valve rods function to control the flow of fluid
through the micro fluid transfer system 210 in a pressurized fluid
environment. Essentially, the rods displace within the slots to
define a fluid passageway and to control or direct fluid flow
therein or therethrough.
[0071] With reference to FIGS. 5-A-5-D, illustrated is the
exemplary micro fluid transfer system 210 of FIG. 3-A configured as
a micro-pump, and the several operational stages of the micro fluid
transfer system 210 and its components in performing an exemplary
pumping cycle. The micro fluid transfer system 210 comprises an
elongate body 214 having a dual bore configuration, shown as bores
230 and 232.
[0072] FIG. 5-A illustrates an initial stage where the piston rod
248 is positioned to close off access slot 284, functioning as an
input port, and where the valve rod 266 is positioned to close off
the interconnecting slot 280 fluidly connecting the first and
second bores 230 and 232, as well as the access port 288,
functioning as an output port. In this initial stage, fluid is
unable to flow into the system. FIG. 5-B illustrates a second stage
of the cycle, wherein the piston rod 248 is actuated and is drawn
substantially out of the first bore 230. Actuation of the piston
rod 248 in this manner functions to open the access port 284, thus
allowing or drawing fluid into the first bore 230, as indicated by
the arrow. The valve rod 266 is in a similar position as that of
stage one shown in FIG. 5-A. FIG. 5-C shows a third stage, wherein
the valve rod 266 is actuated to position the recessed portion 270
about the interconnecting slot 280 and the access slot 288, thus
allowing fluid to flow from the first bore 230 to the second bore
232, and opening the access port 288. The piston rod 248 is shown
in the same position as that of stage two. FIG. 5-D shows the final
stage, wherein the piston rod 448 is actuated to force the fluid
from the first bore 230 to the second bore 232 via the interconnect
port 280. With the access port 288 open, the fluid is expelled or
pumped from the elongate body 214 and out of the system, as
indicated by the arrows. Once all of the fluid is pumped from the
system, the process repeats to achieve a cyclical pumping
operation.
[0073] FIG. 6 illustrates another exemplary fluid containment
system utilized for sealing the slots and bores formed in the
elongate body of an exemplary micro fluid transfer system similar
to the one described above and shown in FIG. 3-A. In this
embodiment, the fluid containment system also comprises several
silicone rubber components configured to removably fit about the
elongate body of the micro fluid transfer system. As shown, the
micro fluid transfer system 410 comprises an elongate body 414
having a dual bore configuration, namely first and second bores 430
and 432 that extend through the elongate body 414 and that function
as discussed above. The elongate body further has formed therein
access slots 484 and 488, and an interconnecting slot 480. These
may be oriented as shown, or formed at different angles with
respect to the longitudinal axis of the elongate body 414.
[0074] As part of the containment system, end cap 490 is configured
to removably fit over the first end 418 of the elongate body. The
end cap 490 comprises a sidewall 492 extending from an end portion
494, thus allowing the end cap 490 to properly fit over and seal
against the outer surface 426 of the elongate body 414. Formed in
the end portion 494 are aperture locations 496-a and 496-b that
correspond and align with the first and second bores 430 and 432,
respectively. Each of the aperture locations 496-a and 496-b may be
plugged to seal one end of bores 430 and 432, respectively, or may
be configured to receive therethrough and seal a piston or valve
rod for and during operation of the micro fluid system 410, while
still facilitating the selective displacement of the rods.
[0075] The fluid containment system further comprises a silicon
tube or sleeve 498 configured to removably fit over the elongate
body 414 and to conceal the interconnecting slot 480 and the access
slots 484 and 488, thus limiting the flow of fluid within these
slots. Unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the sleeve 498 is a
separate component from the end cap 506. Furthermore, sleeve 498
comprises two apertures, namely input aperture 502-a and output
aperture 502-b that are configured to align with and fluidly
connect to the access slots 484 and 488, respectively. Removably
fittable within these input and output apertures 502-a and 502-b
are tubes 504-a and 504-b , respectively, that function to
facilitate fluid flow in or out of the access ports 484 and 488, as
pre-determined. Tubes 504-a and 504-b seal within the apertures
502-a and 502-b to prevent leaking. Tubes 504-a and 504-b may
comprise glass, rubber, or other similarly constructed tubes.
[0076] Opposite the end cap 490 is a second end cap 506, also
comprising a sidewall 507 extending from an end portion 508 having
apertures 509-a and 509-b formed therein that function similar to
those on end cap 490, and that may be sealed, if necessary, to
prevent inadvertent flow. The operational function of this
particular embodiment is similar to that described above with
respect to FIG. 5.
[0077] It is noted herein that the sleeves and end caps described
above and shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may comprise a silicon rubber
mold, an epoxy, or any other suitable sealing composition as known
in the art.
[0078] FIG. 7 illustrates another exemplary fluid containment
system configured to seal the slots and bores formed in the
elongate body of the exemplary micro fluid transfer system 510. As
shown, the micro fluid transfer system 510 comprises an elongate
body 514 having a dual bore configuration, namely first and second
bores 530 and 532 that extend through the elongate body 514 and
that function as discussed above. The elongate body 514 further has
formed therein access slots 584 and 588, and an interconnecting
slot 580, each of which are fluidly connected to the outer surface
526. In this particular embodiment, the fluid containment system
comprises one or a plurality of o-rings or other similar sealing
means fit over the outer surface 526 of the elongate body 514 and
positioned about the access slots 584 and 588 and the
interconnecting slot 580. As shown, first o-ring 598-a is
positioned between the access slot 584 and the first end 518 of the
elongate body 514. The second o-ring 598-b is positioned between
the access slot 584 and the interconnecting slot 580. The third
o-ring 598-c is positioned between the access slot 588 and the
second end 522 of the elongate body 514.
[0079] The fluid containment system further comprises a housing 602
configured to receive the micro fluid transfer system 510 therein
and to seal against the o-rings 598. The housing 602 comprises a
surface 604 that seals against each of the o-rings 598-a , 598-b ,
and 598-c to contain the fluid flowing through the bores and slots
formed within the micro fluid transfer system 510. The housing 602
may further comprise ports formed therein that fluidly connect to
the various access slots 584 and 588, as well as the interconnect
slot 580, wherein the ports are isolated from one another as a
result of the sealing function of the o-rings.
[0080] The present invention further features one or more packaging
systems and methods configured to package the micro fluid transfer
system. FIGS. 8-A-8-C illustrate various views of one particular
exemplary packaging system of the present invention, wherein the
micro-fluid transfer system 710 is packaged and contained within a
potting mold. As shown, micro fluid transfer system 710 comprises a
fluid containment system in the form of end caps 790 and 806 used
to seal respective ends of the elongate body 714 and the bores
formed therein. The micro fluid transfer system 710 further
comprises a sleeve 798 used to seal the various access and
interconnect slots (not shown) as discussed above, and to
facilitate the sealing and fluid connection of tubes 804-a and
804-b with the access slots. The potting mold 812 functions to
receive and contain the micro fluid transfer system 710 within its
interior. In addition, the potting mold 812 comprises a series of
slots formed therein. Slot 816-a is configured to receive and
support the tube 804-b . Slot 816-b is configured to receive and
support the piston rod 748. Slot 816-c is configured to receive and
support the tube 804-a. And, slot 816-d is configured to receive
and support the valve rod 766. Other exemplary configurations of a
potting mold are contemplated herein. In addition, other types of
packaging systems are also contemplated. For example, the valve and
piston rods may be coupled to or otherwise connected to stainless
steel members.
[0081] FIG. 9 illustrates a micro fluid transfer system, and
particularly the elongate body, according to another exemplary
embodiment. In this embodiment, the micro fluid transfer system
810, and particularly the elongate body 814, comprises a four-bore
configuration, wherein bores 830, 832, 834, and 836 are formed
within the elongate body 814 in a similar manner as the single and
dual bore configurations discussed above. In addition, the elongate
body may comprise one or more access and/or interconnect slots also
formed therein to intercept one or more of the four bores. As
shown, the elongate body 814 has formed therein an interconnect
slot 880 intercepting and fluidly connecting bores 830, 834, and
836. Other access and/or interconnect slots are contemplated.
[0082] FIG. 10 illustrates a micro fluid transfer system according
to still another exemplary embodiment. In this embodiment, the
elongate body 914 of the micro fluid transfer system 910 comprises
a square cross-section rather than the circular cross-section
discussed above. Four bores, bores 930, 932, 934, and 936, also
having a square cross-section, are formed therein in a 2.times.2
arrangement. In other exemplary embodiments the bores formed in the
elongate body 914 may comprise a 1.times.n, 2.times.n, or n.times.n
arrangement.
[0083] The various components of the micro fluid transfer system of
the present invention may be manufactured using various techniques
or methods well known in the art. In one exemplary method of
producing the main elongate body, the glass redraw process may be
used to form the complex glass structures of the main elongate body
and the various bores therein. The glass redraw process is well
known and has been used to form precision glass tubing, sheets, and
fiber bundles with complex cross-sections. The glass redraw process
is described in an article by R. H. Humphry, entitled "Forming
Glass Filaments with Unusual Cross-Sections," published by Gordon
& Breach, New York, N.Y., proceedings of the 7.sup.th
International Congress on Glass, Jun. 28 to Jul. 3, 1965, Charkroi,
Belgium, pg. 77-1 to 77-8.
[0084] In one exemplary method of producing the valve and piston
rods, a glass rod is obtained having the geometric configurations
desired. The glass rod is coated with a poly silicon coating. One
or more portions of the poly silicon coating is configured to
reveal one or more annular gaps or spaces of the desired size for
the various recesses to be formed in the glass rod. The glass rod
is then exposed to an etching process, wherein the recesses are
etched out of the glass rod at the location of the gaps or spaces
within the poly silicon coating. The etching process may comprise
any suitable micro fabrication etching process known in the art,
such as a BOE etching process, chemical etching, photolithographic
etching, plasma etching, wet chemical etching, dry etching, and
others. In an alternative process, the glass rod may be coated with
a photoresist, also having one or more annular gaps formed therein.
The glass rod and with its photoresist coating may then be
subjected to an advanced oxide etcher (AOE), wherein the various
recesses in the rod are formed. The micro fabrication process may
also comprise non-etching processes, such as machining, laser
machining, and air abrasion. One skilled in the art will recognize
the various possible ways of forming the recesses within the valve
and piston rods.
[0085] The foregoing detailed description describes the invention
with reference to specific exemplary embodiments. However, it will
be appreciated that various modifications and changes can be made
without departing from the scope of the present invention as set
forth in the appended claims. The detailed description and
accompanying drawings are to be regarded as merely illustrative,
rather than as restrictive, and all such modifications or changes,
if any, are intended to fall within the scope of the present
invention as described and set forth herein.
[0086] More specifically, while illustrative exemplary embodiments
of the invention have been described herein, the present invention
is not limited to these embodiments, but includes any and all
embodiments having modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., of
aspects across various embodiments), adaptations and/or alterations
as would be appreciated by those in the art based on the foregoing
detailed description. The limitations in the claims are to be
interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims
and not limited to examples described in the foregoing detailed
description or during the prosecution of the application, which
examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. For example, in the
present disclosure, the term "preferably" is non-exclusive where it
is intended to mean "preferably, but not limited to." Any steps
recited in any method or process claims may be executed in any
order and are not limited to the order presented in the claims.
Means-plus-function or step-plus-function limitations will only be
employed where for a specific claim limitation all of the following
conditions are present in that limitation: a) "means for" or "step
for" is expressly recited; and b) a corresponding function is
expressly recited. The structure, material or acts that support the
means-plus function are expressly recited in the description
herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be
determined solely by the appended claims and their legal
equivalents, rather than by the descriptions and examples given
above.
* * * * *