U.S. patent application number 11/952208 was filed with the patent office on 2008-08-21 for process for making non-uniform patterns of multiphase compositions.
Invention is credited to Bryan Gabriel Comstock, John Eric Vanhook, Bryce William Wilson.
Application Number | 20080196787 11/952208 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 39276185 |
Filed Date | 2008-08-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080196787 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Comstock; Bryan Gabriel ; et
al. |
August 21, 2008 |
Process for Making Non-Uniform Patterns of Multiphase
Compositions
Abstract
A method of filling a container with a liquid composition, which
comprises at least two visually distinct phases, comprising the
steps of: a.) transferring said liquid composition to a container
using a dispenser which has an initial fill rate; b.) rotating said
container during said step a. at an initial speed of rotation and
in an initial direction of rotation; c.) changing a feature
selected from the group consisting of: the speed of rotation of
said container, the fill rate of the dispenser, and the direction
of rotation of said container; and mixtures of said features, each
independently from the geometry of said container; and d.)
completing the transfer of said liquid composition to said
container.
Inventors: |
Comstock; Bryan Gabriel;
(Mason, OH) ; Wilson; Bryce William; (Hamilton,
OH) ; Vanhook; John Eric; (Cincinnati, OH) |
Correspondence
Address: |
THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY;INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DIVISION - WEST BLDG.
WINTON HILL BUSINESS CENTER - BOX 412, 6250 CENTER HILL AVENUE
CINCINNATI
OH
45224
US
|
Family ID: |
39276185 |
Appl. No.: |
11/952208 |
Filed: |
December 7, 2007 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60873747 |
Dec 8, 2006 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
141/9 ; 141/268;
141/283 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65B 2039/009 20130101;
A61K 8/03 20130101; A61Q 19/10 20130101; B65B 2220/14 20130101;
A61Q 5/02 20130101; B65B 43/62 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
141/9 ; 141/268;
141/283 |
International
Class: |
B65B 3/04 20060101
B65B003/04 |
Claims
1. A process for making non-uniformed patterned multi-phase liquid
compositions comprising at least two visually distinct liquid
phases said process comprising the steps of: a) placing a plurality
of liquid phases in separate vessels equipped with means for
transferring said phases from said vessels; b) transferring
predetermined amounts of each selected liquid phase from its
respective vessel into a combiner; c) combining said liquid phases
together to produce a multi-phase liquid composition having
predetermined ratios of one phase to another wherein said phases of
the liquid composition are visually distinct from one another; and
d) transferring said multi-phase liquid phase composition through a
dispensing means to an individual product container; wherein said
individual product container enters a container holding means,
therein securing said container to a platform wherein said
container is rotated by said container holding device during
transfer of said composition into said container, wherein said
dispensing means begins dispensing said liquid phases at an initial
fill rate, said holding device has an initial speed of rotation,
and wherein said holding device has an initial direction of
rotation; and e) selecting a modification to an element selected
from the group consisting of modifying said initial direction of
rotation to a second direction of rotation, modifying said initial
speed of rotation to a second speed of rotation, modifying said
initial fill rate of said dispensing means to a second fill rate,
and mixtures of said modifications, independently from the geometry
of said container and during step d.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein said dispensing means is arranged
in such a manner as to fill said product container with said
multiple liquid phase composition from the bottom of the
container.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein said process further comprises
the step of transferring said liquid phases from said combiner to
said blender.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein said process further comprises
the step of blending said liquid phases.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein said rotating platform has an
initial speed of rotation.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein said initial speed of rotation is
from 0 revolutions per minute to 800 revolutions per minute.
7. The process of claim 5, wherein said process further comprises
the step of changing said initial speed of rotation to second speed
of rotation.
8. The process of claim 6, wherein said second speed of rotation
differs from the initial speed of rotation by at least 20%.
9. The process of claim 7, wherein said step of changing comprises
a deceleration occurs from an initial speed of rotation to a second
speed of rotation.
10. The process of claim 7, wherein said step of changing comprises
an acceleration occurs from an initial speed of rotation to a
second speed of rotation.
11. The process of claim 1, wherein said dispensing means has an
initial filling rate.
12. The process of claim 11, wherein said process further comprises
the step of changing said initial fill rate to a second fill
rate.
13. The process of claim 12, wherein said second fill rate differs
from said initial fill rate by 20%.
14. The process of claim 1 wherein the transfer of said
predetermined amounts of each selected liquid phase from its
respective vessel into a combiner is accomplished using a
servocontroller.
15. The process of claim 1 wherein said product container is a
transparent bottle with a closure comprising a dispensing
orifice.
16. The process of claim 1, wherein said phases are visually
distinctive relative to at least one attribute selected from the
group consisting of color, color shade, texture and mixtures
thereof.
17. A method of filling a container with a liquid composition,
which comprises at least two visually distinct phases, comprising
the steps of: a.) transferring said liquid composition to a
container using a dispenser which has an initial fill rate; b.)
rotating said container during said step a. at an initial speed of
rotation and in an initial direction of rotation; c.) changing a
feature selected from the group consisting of: the speed of
rotation of said container, the fill rate of the dispenser, and the
direction of rotation of said container; and mixtures of said
features, each independently from the geometry of said container;
and d.) completing the transfer of said liquid composition to said
container.
18. A method according to claim 17, wherein said speed of rotation
of said container is changed more than once during filling.
19. A method according to claim 17, wherein said fill rate of said
dispenser is changed more than once during filling.
20. A method according to claim 17, wherein said direction of
rotation of said container is changed more than once during
filling.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application No. 60/873,747, filed Dec. 8, 2006.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to a process for making
non-uniform patterns in personal care compositions with multiple
visually distinct phases.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] In an increasingly competitive commercial market, it is
becoming more and more difficult for manufacturers to distinguish
products from those of their competitors. Therefore, it is
desirable for products not only to appear aesthetically pleasing to
consumers, but also for the products to have a substantially unique
appearance from other products in the same market.
[0004] In the case of compositions having multiple visually
distinct phases, various attempts have been made to create such
compositions and to improve known processes for their creation.
Processes and apparatuses are known which allow compositions having
two or more visually distinct phases to be filled with a spiral
configuration into a single container. Each phase may have
completely different chemical and physical properties, and each
product may have a different function and purpose. Alternately, the
visually distinct phases may be substantially the same compositions
with only differences in color or texture. Known processes for
filling one or more compositions, having two or more visually
distinct phases, result uniform patterns.
[0005] An attempt at filling spiral compositions involves providing
at least two compounds, arranged in separate storage bins each
having a pump and a hose attached thereto; rotating a container,
for receiving a resulting product formed by the at least two
compositions, into position relative to a support and alignment
funnel. Then the compounds are pumped through the respective hoses
into a nozzle assembly having at least two nozzles for filling the
container. Subsequently, predetermined amounts of each of the at
least two compositions are combined for creating the resulting
product housed in a single container, wherein the resulting product
has the at least two compositions formed in a spiral
configuration.
[0006] A drawback of each of the aforementioned processes is that
none of them provide a means for filling personal care compositions
having non-uniform patterns into a container. It is desirable,
especially for commercial products, to have the latitude of
exhibiting as many designs as possible by implementing an
economical and efficient process. Therefore, there is a need for a
method of filling personal care compositions having non-uniform
patterns into a container.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention relates to a process for making
non-uniformed patterned multi-phase liquid compositions that
comprise at least two visually distinct liquid phases. The process
comprises the steps of: [0008] a) placing a plurality of liquid
phases in separate vessels equipped with means for transferring
said phases from said vessels; [0009] b) transferring predetermined
amounts of each selected liquid phase from its respective vessel
into a combiner; [0010] c) combining said liquid phases together to
produce a multi-phase liquid composition having predetermined
ratios of one phase to another wherein said phases of the liquid
composition are visually distinct from one another; and [0011] d)
transferring said multi-phase liquid phase composition through a
dispensing means to an individual product container; wherein said
individual product container enters a bottle holding device,
therein securing said container to a rotating platform wherein said
container is rotated using said rotating platform during transfer
of said composition into said container, wherein said dispensing
means has an initial fill rate, said holding device has an initial
speed of rotation, and wherein said holding device has an initial
direction of rotation; and [0012] e) changing an element selected
from the group consisting of said initial direction of rotation,
said initial speed of rotation, said fill rate of said dispensing
means, and mixtures thereof, independently from the geometry of
said container.
[0013] According to one embodiment, during filling, the direction
of rotation of the container, the speed of rotation, or the fill
rate changes from one speed to another to create non-uniform
patterns. For example, during filling, the direction of rotation
may be changed once or multiple times during filling to achieve a
non-uniform pattern. The direction of rotation could oscillate in
some embodiments, back and forth to achieve a desirable pattern.
Additionally, during filling, the speed of rotation may be changed,
for example, from 2 rpm to 40 rpm or the fill rate may be changed
from 100 ml/s to 20 ml/s. Alternately, both the fill rate and the
speed of rotation may be changed in order to create non-uniform
patterns. Generally, the fill rate is greater than 0 ml/s from the
time between the commencement of filling until filling is
completed. Therefore, cessation of filling is not considered to be
a "change in fill rate" according to this invention. It has been
discovered that changes in the direction of rotation, speed of
rotation of the container or changes in fill rate, during filling,
enables a wide variety of designs and patterns to be created in the
composition.
[0014] In one embodiment, the visually distinct phases only differ
in color, texture, or mixtures thereof Differences in color may
include entirely different colors (i.e., a red phase and a blue
phase) or differences in color shades (i.e., a royal blue phase and
a light blue phase). Specific patterns can be chosen from a wide
variety of patterns, including, but not limited to striping,
marbling, geometries, spirals, and mixtures thereof. Upon changing
either fill rate, speed of rotation, or both, the aforementioned
patterns visually appear to be non-uniform. For example, a
non-uniform swirled composition may change such that stripes appear
to be close to one another at the base of the container, and then
appear to spread further from one another towards the top of the
container as a result of changing speed of rotation, fill rate, or
both.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] The accompanying drawings, illustrate embodiments of the
invention and, together with a general description of the invention
given above, and the detailed description below, serve to explain
the invention.
[0016] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an apparatus for
making visually distinct patterns in a container according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
[0017] FIGS. 2a-2c illustrate cross-sectional views of typical
blender inlet sections which may be used to produce visually
distinct patterns.
[0018] FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of an apparatus for rotation
of containers during filling.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0019] While many variations in the physical characteristics of the
present components are possible, i.e., color, rheology, texture,
density, etc., variations in color are widely sought. The specific
design or pattern achieved (i.e., width, length of stripe or
marbling, etc.) in the combination product can be varied by varying
a number of additional factors including, but not limited to, rate
of speed of rotation of the container or fill rate of the
compositions into a rotating container.
[0020] As used herein, the term "accelerate" or "acceleration"
refers to the increase in the rate of change of velocity with
respect to time.
[0021] The term "anhydrous" as used herein, unless otherwise
specified, refers to those compositions or materials containing
less than about 10%, more preferably less than about 5%, even more
preferably less than about 3%, even more preferably zero percent,
by weight of water.
[0022] The term "ambient conditions" as used herein, unless
otherwise specified, refers to surrounding conditions at one (1)
atmosphere of pressure, 50% relative humidity, and 25.degree.
C.
[0023] The term "benefit" as used herein, refers to compositions
which provide skin, hair or fabric conditioning, fragrance,
anti-dandruff, skin moisturizing, skin soothing, skin tanning, skin
lightening, anti-acne, anti-wrinkle/anti-atrophy, fabric bleaching,
fabric dye transfer inhibition, clay soil
removal/anti-redeposition, suds suppression, fabric softening,
antibiotics, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, dentinal
desensitizing, anti-caries, anti-plaque, breath freshening, dental
erosion prevension, gingivitis prevention, periodontal disease
prevention, teeth whitening, coloring, and flavoring.
[0024] As used herein, mixing and blending interchangeably refer to
combining and further achieving a relatively greater degree of
homogeneity thereafter. However, blending does not in some
embodiments confer complete homogeneity of the end product.
[0025] As used herein, the term "cleaning composition" includes,
unless otherwise indicated, granular or powder-form all-purpose or
"heavy-duty" washing agents, especially laundry detergents; liquid,
gel or paste-form all-purpose washing agents, especially the
so-called heavy-duty liquid types; liquid fine-fabric detergents;
hand dishwashing agents; light duty dishwashing agents, especially
those of the high-foaming type; machine dishwashing agents,
including the various tablet, granular, liquid and rinse-aid types
for household and institutional use; liquid cleaning, deodorizing
and disinfecting agents, including antibacterial hand-wash types;
laundry bars; soap bars; air and fabric deodorizers; mouthwashes;
toothpastes; denture cleaners; car or carpet shampoos, bathroom
cleaners; hair shampoos; hair-rinses; face wash; skin cleansers;
shower gels; body washes; personal cleansing compositions; foam
baths; metal cleaners; as well as, cleaning auxiliaries such as
fabric enhancers, bleach additives and "stain-stick" or pre-treat
types.
[0026] As used herein, "combining" refers to adding materials
together with or without substantial mixing towards achieving
homogeneity.
[0027] The term "container" or "package" includes any suitable
container for a personal care compositions exhibiting a viscosity
from about 1,500 centipoise (cP) to about 1,000,000 cP, of
including but not limited to bottle, tottle, tube, jar, non-aerosol
pump and mixtures thereof.
[0028] As used herein "decelerate" or deceleration refers to the
decrease in the rate of change of velocity with respect to time.
The deceleration can effect or change the pattern resultant end
product. For example, if there is a quick deceleration, the
resultant fill pattern may have a sharp transition. Conversely, a
slower decceleration may cause a smoother transition in the
resultant fill pattern.
[0029] By "dentifrice" or "dentifrice composition" as used herein
is meant paste, powder, tooth gel, and/or liquid formulations used
to clean the surfaces of the oral cavity. The dentifrice is an oral
composition that is not intentionally swallowed for purposes of
systemic administration of therapeutic agents, but is retained in
the oral cavity for a sufficient time to contact substantially all
of the dental surfaces and/or mucosal tissues for purposes of oral
activity. In addition dentifrice can mean a product which may be
intentionally swallowed but not swallowed for the purposes of
systemic administration of therapeutic agents.
[0030] The term "during filling" as used herein, refers to any time
after a composition begins being dispensed into a container and
before the composition fills the container to capacity.
[0031] The term "flow rate" as used herein, refers to the rate at
which a composition is dispensed from a dispenser or nozzle,
typically measured in ml/s.
[0032] The term "liquid" as used herein, refers to liquid,
semi-liquid, cream, lotion or gel compositions, i.e., flowable
compositions.
[0033] The term "marbling" as used herein, refers to a striped
design with a veined and/or mottled appearance similar to
marble.
[0034] As used herein, the term "multiphase" or "multi-phase", is
meant that the phases of the present compositions occupy separate
but distinct physical spaces inside the container or package in
which they are stored, but are in direct contact with one another
(i.e., they are not separated by a barrier and they are not
emulsified or mixed to any significant degree). In one preferred
embodiment of the present invention, the "multiphase" cleaning
compositions comprise at least two visually distinct phases which
are present within the container as a visually distinct pattern.
The pattern results from the combination of the "multi-phase"
composition by a process herein described. The "patterns" or
"patterned" include but are not limited to the following examples:
striped, marbled, rectilinear, interrupted striped, check, mottled,
veined, clustered, speckled, geometric, spotted, ribbons, helical,
swirl, arrayed, variegated, textured, grooved, ridged, waved,
sinusoidal, spiral, twisted, curved, cycle, streaks, striated,
contoured, anisotropic, laced, weave or woven, basket weave,
spotted, and tessellated. Preferably the pattern is selected from
the group consisting of striped, geometric, marbled, and
combinations thereof. In one aspect, the pattern may be relatively
uniform across the dimension of the container; however, the pattern
may be uneven, wavy, or non-uniform in dimension. In one aspect,
the pattern does not extend across the entire dimension of the
container.
[0035] By "oral care" as used herein, refers to products meant to
treat diseases or conditions of the oral cavity including caries,
plaque, breath malodor, dental erosion, gingivitis, and periodontal
disease. Oral conditions are further described in WO 02/02096A2,
published Jan. 10, 2002, P&G.
[0036] The term "personal care composition" as used herein, refers
to compositions intended for topical application to the skin or
hair. The compositions of the present invention are rinse-off
formulations, in which the product is applied topically to the skin
or hair and then is subsequently rinsed within minutes from the
skin or hair with water, or otherwise wiped off using a substrate
with deposition of a portion of the composition. The compositions
also may be used as shaving aids. The multiphase personal care
composition of the present invention is typically extrudable or
dispensible from a package. The multiphase personal care
compositions typically exhibit a viscosity of from about 1,500
centipoise (cP) to about 1,000,000 cP, as measured by as measured
by the Viscosity Method as described in the commonly owned, patent
application published on Nov. 11, 2004 under U.S. Publication No.
2004/0223991A1 entitled "Multi-phase Personal Care Compositions"
filed on May 7, 2004 by Wei, et al. The multiphase personal care
compositions of the present invention can be in the form of liquid,
semi-liquid, cream, lotion or gel compositions intended for topical
application to skin. Examples of personal care compositions of the
present invention can include but are not limited to shampoo,
conditioning shampoo, body wash, moisturizing body wash, shower
gels, skin cleansers, cleansing milks, hair and body wash, pet
shampoo, shaving preparations and cleansing compositions used in
conjunction with a disposable cleansing cloth.
[0037] As used herein, the term "phase" as used herein refers to a
homogeneous, physically distinct, and mechanically separable
portion of matter present in a non-homogeneous physical-chemical
system. Phases may be materials considered an intermediate and or a
finished product. In one aspect, the phases herein are compositions
with different colors. In one aspect, the phases comprise the same
chemical compositions but with different colorants and/or rheology
modifiers. The phases can be various different colors, and/or
include particles, glitter or pearlescent agents in at least one of
the phases in order to offset its appearance from the other
phase(s) present. The ratio of a first phase to a second phase is
preferably from about 90:10 to about 10:90, more preferably from
about 80:20 to about 20:80, even more preferably from about 70:30
to about 30:70, still even more preferably from about 60:40 to
about 40:60, even still even more preferably about 50:50.
[0038] The term "speed of rotation" as used herein, refers to the
speed at which a container turns about an axis, typically measured
in rotations per minute (rpm). Generally, the container rotates as
a result of the rotation of a platform as depicted in FIG. 3.
[0039] The term "stripe" as used herein, means that each phase
present in the composition occupies separate but distinct physical
spaces inside the package in which it is stored, but are in direct
contact with one another. In one preferred embodiment, a personal
care composition comprises a cleansing phase and a benefit phase
that are present within the container as distinct layers or
"stripes". The stripes may be relatively uniform and even across
segments of the package. Alternatively the layers may be uneven,
i.e. wavy, or may be non-uniform in dimension. The stripes do not
necessarily extend across the entire dimension of the package. The
"stripe` can comprise various geometric patterns, various colors
and, or glitter or pearlescence, providing that the concentration
of said alternative forms visually distinct bands or regions. The
striped pattern does not need to necessarily extend across the
entire dimension of the package. The size of the stripes can be at
least about 0.1 mm in width and 10 mm in length, preferably at
least about 1 mm in width and at least 20 mm in length as measured
from the package exterior.
[0040] The term "stable" as used herein, unless otherwise
specified, refers to compositions that maintain visually
distinctive phases in physical contact at ambient conditions for a
period of at least about 180 days.
[0041] The phrase "substantially free of" as used herein, unless
otherwise specified means that the composition comprises less than
about 5%, preferably less than about 3%, more preferably less than
about 1% and most preferably less than about 0.1% of the stated
ingredient. The term "free of" as used herein means that the
composition comprise 0% of the stated ingredient that is the
ingredient has not been added to the composition, however, these
ingredients may incidentally form as a byproduct or a reaction
product of the other components of the composition.
[0042] The term "surfactant component" as used herein means the
total of all anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic and
cationic surfactants in a phase. When calculations are based on the
surfactant component, water and electrolyte are excluded from the
calculations involving the surfactant component, since surfactants
as manufactured typically are diluted and neutralized.
[0043] As used herein "tottle" refers to a bottle which rests on
neck or mouth which its contents are filled in and dispensed from,
but it is also the end upon which the bottle is intended to rest or
sit upon (e.g., the bottle's base) for storage by the consumer
and/or for display on the store shelf (this bottle is referred to
herein as a "tottle"). Typically, the closure on a tottle is flat
or concave, such that the tottle, when stored, rests on the
closure. Suitable tottles are described in the co-pending U.S.
patent application Ser. No. 11/067,443 filed on Feb. 25, 2005 to
McCall, et al, entitled "Multi-phase Personal Care Compositions,
Process for Making and Providing, and Article of Commerce."
[0044] As used herein, "visually distinctive" or "visually
distinct" describes compositions in the package or upon being
dispensed that display visually different phases. These different
phases are either distinctively separate or partially mixed as long
as the phases of the multiphase liquid composition remains visible
to the unaided eye. That is, a region of the multiphase liquid
composition has one average composition, as distinct from another
region having a different average composition, wherein the regions
are visible to the unaided naked eye. In one aspect, the phases may
be various different colors, and/or include particles, glitter or
pearlescent agents in at least one of the phases in order to offset
its appearance from the other phase(s) present. This would not
preclude the distinct regions from comprising two similar phases
where one phase could comprise pigments, dyes, particles, and
various optional ingredients, hence a region of a different average
composition. A phase generally occupies a space or spaces having
dimensions larger than the colloidal or sub-colloidal components it
comprises. A phase can also be constituted or re-constituted,
collected, or separated into a bulk phase in order to observe its
properties, e.g., by centrifugation, filtration or the like.
[0045] The present invention relates to a process for making
non-uniformed patterned multi-phase liquid compositions that
comprise at least two visually distinct liquid phases. The process
comprising the steps of: [0046] a) placing a plurality of liquid
phases in separate vessels equipped with means for transferring
said phases from said vessels; [0047] b) transferring predetermined
amounts of each selected liquid phase from its respective vessel
into a combiner; [0048] c) combining said liquid phases together to
produce a multi-phase liquid composition having predetermined
ratios of one phase to another wherein said phases of the liquid
composition are visually distinct from one another; and [0049] d)
transferring said multi-phase liquid phase composition through a
dispensing means to an individual product container; wherein said
individual product container enters a container holding means,
therein securing said container to a platform wherein said
container is rotated by said container holding device during
transfer of said composition into said container, wherein said
dispensing means begins dispensing said liquid phases at an initial
fill rate, said holding device has an initial speed of rotation,
and wherein said holding device has an initial direction of
rotation; and [0050] e) selecting a modification to an element
selected from the group consisting of modifying said initial
direction of rotation to a second direction of rotation, modifying
said initial speed of rotation to a second speed of rotation,
modifying said initial fill rate of said dispensing means to a
second fill rate, and mixtures of said modifications, independently
from the geometry of said container and during step d.
[0051] Various devices are known for filling multiple phase
compositions. FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of one device
which may be used to make the multiple visually distinct phase
compositions of the present invention and fill the packaging into
which it will be sold. This figure represents a single filling
station. On a manufacturing scale this alignment of equipment is
repeated for as many filling stations as is desired for
simultaneously filling of a plurality of containers. Supply lines 1
and 2 are in communication with each phase's supply vessel, not
illustrated herein. Said supply lines 1 and 2 can be in the form of
hard or flexible piping such as stainless pipes or hoses, useful in
transporting said phases from their respective supply vessels. Such
supply vessels are typically stainless steel and are equipped with
valves at their base wherein flow can be shut off to allow for
changing such vessels without shutting down the processing
equipment. Said supply lines may be equipped with an inline pump
from the supply vessel, thereby pressurizing the supply line to
ensure consistent or steady flow from its connected supply vessel.
FIG. 1 illustrates a situation wherein supply line 1 is hard
plumbed with an in-line pump not shown, whereas supply line 2 is
not under pressure and the respective visually distinct phase feeds
from the supply vessel into the funnel shown therein. Supply lines
1 and 2 lead to valves 5 that regulate flow of each phase to its
respective pump, in this illustration, pumps 3 and 4. In FIG. 1 the
pumps are illustrated as positive displacement, piston-type
cylinders. Valves 5 are rotary valves that open to allow the flow
of each phase from its supply vessel to enter the pump's cylinder
as the pump piston is in its back or down stroke. There is a single
valve for each pump and all the valves act in unison due to their
being linked in a manner wherein one drive mechanism actuates all
the valves. Alternately, separate drive mechanisms can be used to
achieve a similar effect. Simultaneously to the flow entering the
piston cylinders, valves 5 close the outlet of said cylinders to
prohibit the phase from flowing directly into supply lines 3a and
4a going to combiner 6. Upon the pumps forward or upstroke, valves
5 reverse position, allowing the contents of each pump cylinder to
discharge its contents into the direction of the combiner 6 through
supply lines 3a and 4a while prohibiting back flow into the vessel
supply lines 1 and 2. Pumps 3 and 4 are used to insure a constant
supply of each phase to the combiner section 6. Given the proper
flow character of the phase, such piston type pumps may be
eliminated. When pumps are utilized, it is preferable that said
pumps work in tandem with flow meters to insure consistent flow by
the pump. Not illustrated herein, volumetric flow meters, and, or
mass flow meters can be utilized to adjust the pumps to insure
constant flow. This can also be accomplished by utilizing metering
type pumps to deliver the required volume or mass of each
phase.
[0052] Prior to the phases entering the blender 7, the supply lines
3a and 4a are aligned in such a manner as shown in the
cross-sectional views of FIG. 2 in the combiner section 6. FIG. 2
represents a cross-sectional view of the alignment of the phase
feeds from line 3a and 4a as they are prepared for entering blender
7. FIG. 2a illustrates an alignment of feeds from 3a and 4a wherein
independent feed line 21 is located within feed line 22, thereby
injecting the phase coming from 21 into the center of the feed from
line 22 prior to going into the blender 7. FIG. 2c is an
alternative to FIG. 2a where the feeds are aligned side by side in
a common line from the combiner section 6. FIG. 2b similarly
illustrates the situation where four feeds are combined together in
one line coming from the combiner section 6 going to blender 7.
[0053] In some embodiments, the process can further comprises the
steps of transferring said liquid phases from the combiner to the
blender and blending the liquid phases. After moving through the
combiner section 6, the aligned phases are introduced into a
blending section 7. The blender section 7 comprises a mixing
element that comprises a series of obstructions for diverting the
visually distinct phases entering, inducing turbulence and causing
the phases to blend together in a way that contributes to forming
the composition's eventual in-package pattern. In most cases a
static mixer is utilized in the blending section. Static mixers are
well know in the art and are generally in the form of a series of
repeating or random, interlocking plates and, or fins. Static
mixers suitable for use in the process are the Chemineer
SSC.75-4R-S (KMA 4 element 3/4'') available from Chemineer Inc.
P.O. Box 1123, Dayton, Ohio 45401 and the Koch SMX 4 element mixer
(3/4'' nominal) available from Koch-Glitsch LP Mass Transfer Sales
and Engineering, 9525 Kenwood Road, Suite 16-246, Cincinnati, Ohio
45242.
[0054] After the blended phases pass through blender section 7, the
phases are introduced to the delivery nozzle 8. Delivery nozzle 8
is utilized to deliver the combined phases to the bottle. As
previously mentioned, in normal manufacturing operations, a
plurality of containers is filled simultaneously. FIG. 3 represents
one possible station on such equipment. Container 31 is secured
into a puck or bottle holder 32. A rotating platform 33 turns the
container 31 at a speed determined by the drive mechanism 34. The
drive mechanism 34 for the platform 33 is a variable speed
mechanism.
[0055] In one embodiment, during filling, the platform 33 rotates,
which may initially rotate the container 31, in one direction
initially. The direction of rotation can change from the starting
position by any degree of 360.degree. and back to the initial
starting position. For example, the rotation can occur in one
direction by 45.degree. and in the opposite direction returning to
the starting position of the rotation. However, the returning to
the starting position is unnecessary. For example, the bottle can
be rotated 90.degree. in one direction and rotated back in the
opposite direction by 180.degree..
[0056] Before the container 31 is full, the platform 33 can change
in direction one or more times, which results in variation in the
aesthetic pattern or design of the multiple visually distinct phase
composition. Designs and patterns created in the personal care
composition depend on when and to what amount, during the filling
process, as the direction of rotation of the container 31 changes.
The direction change of the rotation of the platform 33 and
container 31 can be controlled by moving the platform by hand or is
accomplished using a servocontroller.
[0057] In one embodiment, during filling, the platform 33 rotates,
which may initially rotate the container 31, at a substantially
constant speed. Before the container 31 is full, the platform 33
accelerates or decelerates, which results in variation in the
aesthetic pattern or design of the multiple visually distinct phase
composition. Designs and patterns created in the personal care
composition depend on when and to what amount, during the filling
process, the speed of rotation of the container 31 changes. The
initial speed of rotation of the container 31 is generally from
about 0 revolutions per minute to about 800 revolutions per minute
(rpm). In some embodiments, the process further comprises the step
of changing the initial speed of rotation to second speed of
rotation. The second speed of rotation differs from the initial
speed of rotation by at least 20%. Preferably, the speed of
rotation changes by at least about 20%, more preferably by at least
about 40%, and most preferably by at least about 50% of the initial
speed of rotation. When the initial speed of rotation is 0
revolutions per minute, initiation of rotation at any speed during
filling is considered to be a change in speed of rotation.
Additionally, the speed of rotation may change continuously during
filling to create a continuously changing pattern or design in the
composition. The changing initial speed of rotation can comprise a
acceleration or deceleration which occurs from an initial speed of
rotation to a second speed of rotation. The
acceleration/deceleration can affect or change the pattern
resultant end product. For example, if there is a quick
acceleration/deceleration, the resultant fill pattern may have a
sharp transition. Conversely, a slower acceleration/decleration may
cause a smoother transition in the resultant fill pattern.
[0058] Herein, changes in fill rate and/or speed of rotation are
measured in terms of percent change. Changes in fill rate and/or
speed of rotation are based on the initial fill rate and/or speeds
of rotation (i.e., the fill rate and/or speed of rotation measured
prior to changing the fill rate and/or speed of rotation during
filling of the container) and the final fill rate and/or speed of
rotation (i.e., the fill rate and/or speed of rotation measured
either when the fill rate and/or speed of rotation reach(es) a new
constant speed or just prior to completion of the filling process).
A percent change is calculated based on the difference between the
aforementioned initial fill rate and/or speed of rotation and the
final fill rate and/or speed of rotation.
[0059] In another embodiment, the speed of rotation remains
relatively constant and the fill rate changes. Preferably, the fill
rate changes by at least about 20%, more preferably by at least
about 40%, and most preferably by at least about 50% of the initial
fill rate. The fill rate may also change continuously during
filling to create a continuously changing pattern or design in the
compositions
[0060] Known filling techniques often incorporate containers which
tend to geometrically narrow towards an orifice. When filling
through such an orifice, in order to prevent overflow and to
maintain uniformity, either the speed of rotation or fill rate must
be adjusted as the composition fills towards the orifice. In
contrast to this known technique, the present method creates
non-uniform, visually distinct patterns, by changing the fill rate
or speed of rotation independently from the geometry of the
container.
[0061] Additionally, known methods of filling containers generally
include filling the container with a liquid product by positioning
the dispensing means at or near the orifice of the container. In
the process of present invention, the dispensing means may be
arranged in such a manner as to position the dispensing means in
the bottom of the container. More specifically, the dispensing
means may be positioned below half of the volume of the container.
Positioning the dispensing means in this position has the advantage
of avoiding the "mounding" effect exhibited by filling techniques
which employ a dispensing means at or hear the orifice of the
container. Mounding may generally be described as the layering or
folding of a liquid stream over itself as the container fills.
Accordingly, one aspect of this invention is to fill the container
with the multiphase liquid phase composition from the bottom of the
container.
[0062] The transfer of the predetermined amounts of each selected
liquid phase from its respective vessel into a combiner is
accomplished using a servocontroller. //Add information//
[0063] Container 31 is any suitable container for the product.
Preferably, container 31 is a transparent bottle wherein the
pattern of the finished composition is visible to the consumer. The
container preferably comprises a closure and a dispensing orifice.
Suitable materials for transparent bottles include, but are not
limited to PET or PP.
[0064] All percentages, parts and ratios as used herein are by
weight of the total composition, unless otherwise specified. All
such weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on the
active level and, therefore, do not include solvents or by-products
that may be included in commercially available materials, unless
otherwise specified.
[0065] In one embodiment, the process is used to produce a cleaning
compositions, personal care composition, dentifrice compositions,
having a non-uniform, spirally striped, patterns. In some
embodiments, one phase can provide one function, such as a
cleansing phase, and the second phase can provide an additional
function, such as a benefit function. In some embodiments, the
phases can provide the same function but be visually distinct from
each other. Compositions have been formulated which allow both a
cleansing phase and a benefit phase which can comprise a variety of
phase types while remaining stable for prolonged periods. Further,
one or more of the phases can include stable colorants, resulting
in the possibility of non-uniform visual patterns when the personal
care compositions are packaged in containers which allow the
contents to be viewed.
[0066] Suitable surfactants are described in McCutcheon's,
Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American edition (1986),
published by allured Publishing Corporation; and McCutcheon's,
Functional Materials, North American Edition (1992); and in U.S.
Pat. No. 3,929,678 issued to Laughlin, et al on Dec. 30, 1975.
Suitable surfactants for use herein include any known or otherwise
effective cleansing surfactant suitable for application to the
hair, skin, teeth and fabric, and which is otherwise compatible
with the other essential ingredients in the cleansing phase of the
compositions. These cleansing surfactants include anionic,
nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants, or
combinations thereof. Preferably, the cleansing phase is structured
and/or discrete.
[0067] Preferred linear anionic surfactants include ammonium lauryl
sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium
laureth sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl
sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl
sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, and
combinations thereof. Branched anionic surfactants and monomethyl
branched anionic surfactants suitable for the present invention are
described in a commonly owned, patent application published on
December, 2006 under U.S. Publication No. 60/680,149 entitled
"Structured Multi-phased Personal Cleansing Compositions Comprising
Branched Anionic Surfactants" filed on May 12, 2005 by Smith, et
al. Branched anionic surfactants include but are not limited to the
following surfactants: sodium trideceth sulfate, sodium tridecyl
sulfate, sodium C.sub.12-13 alkyl sulfate, and C.sub.12-13 pareth
sulfate and sodium C.sub.12-13 pareth-n sulfate.
[0068] In one embodiment, the composition can comprise at least one
amphoteric surfactant. Amphoteric surfactant suitable for use in
the present invention include those that are broadly described as
derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the
aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one
of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18
carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group,
e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
Examples of compounds falling within this definition are sodium
3-dodecyl-aminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate,
sodium lauryl sarcosinate, N-alkyltaurines such as the one prepared
by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the
teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 2,658,072, N-higher alkyl aspartic acids
such as those produced according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No.
2,438,091, and the products described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378.
In one aspect, the multiphase personal care composition can
comprise an amphoteric surfactant that is selected from the group
consisting of sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoactetate,
disodium lauroamphoacetate disodium cocodiamphoacetate, and
mixtures thereof. Moreover, Amphoacetates and diamphoacetates can
also be used.
[0069] Zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use include those that
are broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary
ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the
aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain, and wherein
one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18
carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group, e.g., carboxy,
sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Zwitterionic
surfactants suitable for use in the multiphase, personal care
composition include betaines, including cocoamidopropyl
betaine.
[0070] An alkanolamide if present has the general structure of:
##STR00001##
wherein R is C.sub.8 to C.sub.24 or preferably in some embodiments
C.sub.8 to C.sub.22 or in other embodiments C.sub.8 to C.sub.18
saturated or unsaturated straight chain or branched aliphatic
group, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different
C.sub.2-C.sub.4 straight chain or branched aliphatic group, x=0 to
10; y=1-10 and wherein the sum of x and y is less than or equal to
10. The amount of alkanolamide in the composition is typically
about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, and in some embodiments is
preferably about 2% to about 5% by weight of the cleansing phase.
Some preferred alkanolamides include Cocamide MEA (Coco
monethanolamide) and Cocamide MIPA (Coco
monoisopropranolamide).
[0071] In some aspects, the composition of the present invention is
preferably free of alkyl amines and alkanolamide to ensure mildness
of the composition to the skin, hair, teeth and fabric.
[0072] The composition preferably comprises at least one nonionic
emulsifier. Preferably the nonionic emulsifier has an HLB from
about 1.5 to 13.0, preferably from about 3.4 to 13.0, more
preferably 3.4 to about 9.5, more preferably 3.4 to about 8.0. The
composition preferably comprises a nonionic emulsifier at
concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about 10%, more
preferably from about 0.25% to about 8%, even more preferably from
about 0.5% to about 5%, still even more preferably from about 1.0%
to about 3%, and still even still more preferably from about 1.5%
to about 2.5%, by weight of the personal care compositions.
[0073] The balance between the hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties
in a surfactant molecule is used as a method of classification
(hydrophile-lipophile balance, HLB). The HLB values for
commonly-used surfactants are readily available in the literature
(e.g., HLB Index in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents, MC
Publishing Co., 2004). For example, cocamide monoethanolamine
(CMEA) is known in the art to have an HLB value of 16.8. Another
way of obtaining HLB values is to estimate by calculations. The HLB
system was originally devised by Griffin (J. Soc. Cosmetic Chem.,
1, 311, 1949). Griffin defined the HLB value of a surfactant as the
mol % of the hydrophilic groups divided by 5, where a completely
hydrophilic molecule (with no non-polar groups) had an HLB value of
20. Other examples of how to calculate HLB values are described by
Davies in Interfacial Phenomena, 2nd Edition, Academic Press,
London, 1963 and by Lin in J. Phys. Chem. 76, 2019-2013, 1972.
[0074] Non-limiting examples of preferred nonionic emulsifiers for
use herein are those selected form the group consisting of glyceryl
monohydroxystearate, isosteareth-2, trideceth-3, hydroxystearic
acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan
monostearate, glyceryl laurate, laureth-2, cocamide
monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, and mixtures
thereof.
[0075] An electrolyte can be added per se to the composition or it
can be formed in situ via the counterions included in one of the
raw materials. The electrolyte preferably includes an anion
comprising phosphate, chloride, sulfate or citrate and a cation
comprising sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium or mixtures
thereof. Some preferred electrolytes are sodium chloride, ammonium
chloride, sodium or ammonium sulfate. The electrolyte is preferably
added to the structured surfactant phase of the composition in the
amount of from about 0.1% to about 6% preferably from about 1% to
about 5%, more preferably from about 2% to about 4%, more
preferably from about 3% to about 4%, by weight of composition.
Non-limiting examples of other suitable cleansing phase materials
are disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/961,719.
[0076] The visually distinct phase compositions may further
comprise at least one benefit phase selected from the group
consisting of a hydrophobic benefit phase, fatty compound gel
network, a hydrophobic gel network, a hydrophobic gel network in a
fatty compound gel network, a fatty compound gel network in a
hydrophobic gel network, a silicone or silicone gel and mixtures
thereof. Each benefit phase may act as a delivery vehicle for
delivering a conditioning agent or other benefit agent to hair, or
itself may act as a conditioning agent or other benefit agent.
Non-limiting examples of suitable benefit phase materials are
disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/961,719.
[0077] The compositions of the present invention comprise a benefit
phase. The benefit phase in the present invention may be anhydrous
and can be substantially free of water. The benefit phase can be
substantially free or free of surfactant.
[0078] The benefit phase typically comprises hydrophobic benefit
materials. The benefit phase may comprise from about 1% to about
50%, preferably from about 5% to about 30%, more preferably from
about 10% to about 30%, by weight of the multiphase personal care
composition, of a hydrophobic benefit material.
[0079] Hydrophobic benefit materials suitable for use in the
present invention preferably have a Vaughan Solubility Parameter of
from about 5 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2 to about 15
(cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2, as defined by Vaughan in Cosmetics and
Toiletries, Vol. 103. The Vaughan Solubility Parameter (VSP) as
used herein is a parameter used to define the solubility of
hydrophobic materials. Vaughan Solubility parameters are well known
in the various chemical and formulation arts and typically have a
range of from 5 to 25. Non-limiting examples of hydrophobic benefit
materials having VSP values ranging from about 5 to about 15
include the following: Cyclomethicone 5.92, Squalene 6.03,
Petrolatum 7.33, Isopropyl Palmitate 7.78, Isopropyl Myristate
8.02, Castor Oil 8.90, Cholesterol 9.55, as reported in Solubility,
Effects in Product Package, Penetration and Preservation, C. D.
Vaughan, Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 103, October 1988.
[0080] The hydrophobic benefit materials for use in the benefit
phase of the composition have a preferred rheology profile as
defined by Consistency value (k) and Shear Index (n). The term
"Consistency value" or "k" as used herein is a measure of lipid
viscosity and is used in combination with Shear Index, to define
viscosity for materials whose viscosity is a function of shear. The
measurements are made at 35.degree. C. and the units are poise
(equal to 100 cps). The term "Shear Index" or "n" as used herein is
a measure of lipid viscosity and is used in combination with
Consistency value, to define viscosity for materials whose
viscosity is a function of shear. The measurements are made at
35.degree. C. and the units are dimensionless. Consistency value
(k) and Shear Index (n) are more fully described in commonly owned
and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/312,615 entitled "Shaving
Kit, Article of Commerce and Method of Shaving comprising a
personal care composition" filed Dec. 20, 2005. Preferred
Consistency value ranges are 1-10,000 poise (1/sec).sup.n-1,
preferably 10-2000 poise (1/sec).sup.n-1 and more preferably
50-1000 poise (1/sec).sup.n-1. Shear Index ranges are 0.1-0.8,
preferably 0.1-0.5 and more preferably 0.20-0.4. These preferred
rheological properties are especially useful in providing the
personal cleansing compositions with improved deposition of benefit
agents on skin.
[0081] The benefit phase can be comprised of the hydrophobic
benefit materials selected from the group consisting of petrolatum,
lanolin, derivatives of lanolin (e.g. lanolin oil, isopropyl
lanolate, acetylated lanolin, acetylated lanolin alcohols, lanolin
alcohol linoleate, lanolin alcohol riconoleate) hydrocarbon oils
(e.g. mineral oil) natural and synthetic waxes (e.g.
micro-crystalline waxes, paraffins, ozokerite, lanolin wax, lanolin
alcohols, lanolin fatty acids, polyethylene, polybutene,
polydecene, pentahydrosqualene) volatile or non-volatile
organosiloxanes and their derivatives (e.g. dimethicones,
cyclomethicones, alkyl siloxanes, polymethylsiloxanes,
methylphenylpolysiloxanes), natural and synthetic triglycerides
(e.g. castor oil, soy bean oil, sunflower seed oil, maleated soy
bean oil, safflower oil, cotton seed oil, corn oil, walnut oil,
peanut oil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palm
oil, sesame oil) and combinations thereof. In one aspect, at least
about 50% by weight of the hydrophobic benefit materials are
selected from the groups of petrolatum, mineral oil, paraffins,
polyethylene, polybutene, polydecene, dimethicones, alkyl
siloxanes, cyclomethicones, lanolin, lanolin oil, lanolin wax. The
remainder of the hydrophobic benefit material can be selected from:
isopropyl palmitate, cetyl riconoleate, octyl isononanoate, octyl
palmitate, isocetyl stearate, hydroxylated milk glyceride and
combinations thereof. The benefit phase of the multiphase personal
care composition can be comprised a combination of petrolatum and
mineral oil.
[0082] Alternately, the benefit phase may comprise differing levels
of benefit agents as compared to the cleansing phase. Preferably,
the benefit phase comprises increased levels of conditioning agents
such as silicone conditioning agents, cationic deposition polymers,
or volumizing agents (i.e., polyethylene particles) etc.
[0083] Suitable detergent compositions filled by the process of the
present invention can include base materials listed in Table 1
below. The amount shown is a weight % for each material is the
amount in the final product.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Material Base 1 Base 2 Base 3 C25 AE1.8S 25
17 28 HLAS 6.5 1.5 7.0 Nonionic Surfactant -- 1.5 -- Amine Oxide 2
-- 2.5 Citric Acid 7 4.5 7.5 Fatty Acid 2.5 0.40 2 Borax 4 2.5 4.5
Calcium Formate 0.9 1.00 0.95 DTPA 0.4 0.7 0.45 Brightener 2 0.65
2.5 Propanediol 2.5 0.50 3 NaOH 4 1 5 Viscosity Modifier -- 2.5 --
Enzymes 1.2 1.4 1.2 Polymers 2.4 0.9 2.4 Water Balance Balance
Balance
[0084] Suitable body wash or personal cleansing compositions filled
by the process of the present invention can include materials
listed in Table 2 below, including but not limited to surfactants,
humectants, buffer/pH adjusting agents, stabilizing agents,
thickening/structuring agents and the like.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Base Base Base Base Base Materials 2A 2B 2C
2D 2E Ammonium Laureth-3 Sulfate -- 9.0 -- -- -- Sodium Sulfate 3.7
-- -- -- Sodium Trideceth Sulfate (Cedepal TD- -- -- -- 8.5 -- 407)
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate -- -- -- 8.5 -- Cocamidopropyl Betaine --
1.43 -- -- -- Sodium Lauroamphoacetate -- 0.95 -- 5.0 -- Guar
Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride -- -- 0.6 -- -- (N-Hance 3196
Aqualon) PEG 90M (Polyox WSR 301 from Dow -- -- 0.15 0.15 --
Chemical) Cationic Polymer (N-Hance 3196).sup.a -- -- -- 0.6 --
Trihydroxystearin.sup.b -- -- -- -- -- Trideceth-3 Alcohol -- -- --
2.0 -- Sodium Benzoate -- 0.25 -- 0.2 -- Citric Acid, anhydrous --
0.30 -- 0.88 -- Polyquaternium-10 -- 0.10 -- -- -- Xantham Gum
(Keltrol 1000, CP -- -- 0.22 -- -- Keltrol) Disodium EDTA -- 0.10
0.15 0.15 -- Sodium Chloride -- -- -- 4.75 -- Titanium Dioxide 328
-- -- -- -- -- Polyox WSR N-3000.sup.c -- -- -- -- -- Sodium
Benzoate -- 0.001 -- 0.0005 -- Kathon CG.sup.d -- 1.43 0.2 0.36 --
Expandcel 091 WE 40 d24 (Expandcel, -- -- 0.33 0.05 -- Inc.) Sodium
Hydroxide --50% Solution -- -- -- 0.15 -- Water Q.S. Q.S. Q.S. Q.S.
-- Petrolatum (G2218 WITCO) -- -- -- -- 70 Mineral Oil (Hydrobrite
1000 WITCO) -- -- -- -- 29.99 Pigment (Red 7) -- -- -- -- 0.1
[0085] In one aspect, conventional body wash and/or personal
cleansing compositions can be made according to the processes and
by the systems of the present invention. Some examples of personal
cleansing composition include those more fully described in the
co-pending patent applications U.S. Patent Publication No.
2006/0083761A1 entitled Personal care compositions comprising
visible beads, cationic polymer, and surfactant filed on Oct. 12,
2005 published on Apr. 20, 2006; U.S. Patent Publication No.
2004/0223991 entitled "Multi-phase Personal Care Compositions"
filed on May 7, 2004, published on Nov. 11, 2004; U.S. Patent
Publication No. 2004/0057920 A1 entitled "Striped liquid personal
cleansing compositions containing a cleansing phase and a separate
benefit phase" filed by Focht, et al. on Sep. 18, 2003, published
on Apr. 4, 2004, U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0092415 A1
entitled "Striped liquid personal cleansing compositions containing
a cleansing phase and a separate benefit phase with improved
stability" filed by Focht, et al. on Oct. 31, 2003, published on
May 13, 2004 and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0219119 A1
entitled "Visually distinctive multiple liquid phase compositions"
filed by Weir, et al. on Apr. 30, 2004, published on Nov. 18, 2004
and U.S. Application Ser. No. 60/680,149 entitled "Structured
Multi-phased Personal Cleansing Compositions Comprising Branched
Anionic Surfactants" filed on May 12, 2004 by Smith, et al.
[0086] In another aspect, oral care products may be produced by the
processes disclosed herein. Suitable dentifrice bases include base
materials listed in Table 3 below, including but not limited to
carriers/solvent, humectants, abrasives, tartar control agents,
antimicrobials, fluoride sources and anticaries agents, buffer/pH
adjusting agents, stabilizing agents, thickening/structuring
agents, binders, flavors and sweetening agents and surfactants. The
amount shown in weight % for each material is the amount in the
final product after addition of finishing and/or reblend
materials.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Base Material 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 3G Water
38.51 23.26 23.26 8.0 8.95 13.7 -- Glycerin -- -- -- 9.00 -- 7.750
36.944 Sorbitol 70% soln. 24.21 33.80 32.80 41.0 60.0 24.91 --
Polyethylene Glycol 300 -- 3.720 3.720 3.00 -- 6.00 7.000 Propylene
Glycol -- -- -- -- -- -- 7.000 Silica Z-109 -- -- 7.667 -- -- --
12.500 Silica Z-119 21.00 17.00 9.333 17.0 15.0 31.0 12.500
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate -- 1.128 1.128 3.850 -- 5.045 -- Disodium
Pyrophosphate -- 1.344 1.344 1.0 -- -- -- Tetrapotassium
Pyrophosphate -- 3.159 3.159 -- -- -- -- Sodium Polyphosphate -- --
-- -- -- -- 13.000 Sodium Fluoride 0.32 0.321 0.321 0.243 0.243
0.243 -- Stannous Fluoride -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.454 Triclosan/PEG
Premix -- 0.560 0.560 -- -- -- -- Monosodium Phosphate -- -- -- --
0.419 -- -- Trisodium Phosphate 0.37 -- -- -- 1.10 -- 1.100 Sodium
Carbonate -- -- -- -- -- 0.500 -- Sodium Bicarbonate -- -- -- -- --
1.500 -- Sodium Gluconate -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.652 Zinc Lactate
Dihydrate -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.500 Xanthan Gum -- 0.500 0.500 0.475
-- -- 0.250 Carbomer 956 0.30 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 -- -- Na
Carboxymethylcellulose 1.10 0.700 0.700 -- 0.750 0.750 --
Carrageenan -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.600 Sodium Saccharin 0.20 0.200
0.200 0.40 0.130 0.350 0.500 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 28% Soln 2.00 --
-- 2.0 2.0 5.0 3.400 Poloxamer -- -- -- -- -- 1.25 --
[0087] Suitable base materials for a denture adhesive include
bioadhesive materials and a non-aqueous vehicle. Examples of
bioadhesive materials include, but are not limited to, karaya gum,
guar gum, gelatin, algin, sodium alginate, tragacanth, chitosan,
polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, acrylamide polymers,
carbopol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamines, polyquartemary compounds,
ethylene oxide polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cationic
polyacrylamide polymers, AVE/MA, AVE/MA/IB, mixed salts of AVE/MA,
mixed salts of AVE/MA/IB, and mixtures thereof. Non-aqueous vehicle
is generally any chemical in any physical form that does not
contain water. Examples of non-aqueous vehicle include, but are not
limited to, petrolatum, mineral oil, glycerin, natural oils,
synthetic oils, fats, silicone, silicone derivatives, polyvinyl
acetate, natural waxes, synthetic waxes, animal waves, vegetable
oil waxes, vegetable oils, and mixtures thereof. Non-aqueous
vehicles for denture adhesive compositions are further described in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,561,177, issued on Oct. 1, 1996, Khaledi et al.
[0088] Suitable shampoo compositions filled by the process of the
present invention can include materials selected from Table 4
below.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Chem Ingredient Conc. % % Active in Shampoo
Sodium Laureth Sulfate (28% active in 28.0 5.0000 5.0000 4.0000
water) Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (29% active in water) 29.0 15.0000
9.0000 8.0000 Polydimethyl siloxane 100.0 1.0000 2.0000 1.0000
Carbopol Aqua SF-1 (Acrylates copolymer) 30.0 1.5000 1.2500 1.2500
(Available from National Starch) Polyquaternium 10 (LR30M)
(Available 0.2500 from Americhol) Polyquaternium 10 (KG30M)
(Available 100.0 0.5000 0.2500 from Americhol) Mirapol 100
(Polyquaternium 6) 31.5 0.2500 0.2500 Polycare 133
(Polymethacryamidopropyl 0.1000 trimonium CL) cocodimethyl amide
85.0 0.8000 0.8000 0.8000 Brij 30 (Laureth-4) 100.0 1.0000 1.0000
1.0000 NaOH (50%) 50.0 as as needed as needed needed Sodium
Benzoate 100.0 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 Disodium EDTA 100.0 0.1274
0.1274 0.1274 Citric Acid 100.0 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 NaCl 100.0 as
as needed as needed needed Sodium Xylene Sulfonate 41.5 as as
needed as needed needed Kathon CG (Methylchloroisothiazolinone
100.0 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 and Methylisothiazolinone)
Perfume/colors/other minors 100.0 as as needed as needed needed
Q.S. Water - USP Purified 100.0 as as needed as needed needed
[0089] The materials useful in the compositions are described in
the Tables above are listed by their cosmetic and/or therapeutic
benefit or their postulated mode of action or function. However, it
is to be understood that the materials useful, in some instances,
provide more than one benefit or function or operate via more than
one mode of action. Therefore, descriptions herein are made for the
sake of convenience and are not intended to limit an ingredient to
the particularly stated application or applications listed.
[0090] The compositions herein may further comprise various
optional materials. While not essential for the purposes of the
present invention, the non-limiting list of materials, in addition
to the previously disclosed base materials, optional ingredients
are suitable for use in the process disclosed herein to produce
compositions, including cleaning compositions, and may be desirably
incorporated in certain embodiments, for example to assist or
enhance cleaning performance, for treatment of the substrate to be
cleaned, or to modify the aesthetics of the composition as is the
case with perfumes, colorants, dyes or the like. The precise nature
of these additional components, and levels of incorporation
thereof, will depend on the physical form of the composition and
the nature of the cleaning operation for which it is to be used.
The optional ingredients/materials are usually formulated at less
than about 15%, less than about 12%, less than about 10%, less than
about 9%, less than about 8%, less than about 7%, less than about
6%, less than about 5%, less than about 4%, less than about 3%,
less than about 2%, or less than about 1%, of the total cleaning
composition.
[0091] Suitable optional materials for cleaning composition can
include, but are not limited to, surfactants, builders, chelating
agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and
enzyme stabilizers, catalytic materials, bleach activators,
hydrogen peroxide, sources of hydrogen peroxide, preformed
peracids, polymeric dispersing agents, clay soil
removal/anti-redeposition agents, brighteners, suds suppressors,
dyes, perfumes, structure elasticizing agents, fabric softeners,
structurants, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids, solvents
and/or pigments. The aforementioned materials may or may not serve
as adjunct ingredients. In addition to the disclosure herein,
suitable examples of adjuncts and levels of use are found in U.S.
Pat. Nos. 5,576,282, 6,306,812 B1 and 6,326,348 B1.
[0092] As stated, the optional materials are not essential to
Applicants' compositions. Thus, certain embodiments of Applicants'
compositions do not contain one or more of the following adjuncts
materials: surfactants, builders, chelating agents, dye transfer
inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and enzyme stabilizers,
catalytic materials, chelating agents, bleach activators, dye
transfer inhibiting agents, hydrogen peroxide, sources of hydrogen
peroxide, preformed peracids, polymeric dispersing agents, clay
soil removal/anti-redeposition agents, brighteners, suds
suppressors, dyes, perfumes, structure elasticizing agents, fabric
softeners, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids, solvents and/or
pigments.
[0093] Suitable optional materials for the manufacture of personal
care/cleansing composition can be materials comprise, but are not
limited to, water, anti-dandruff actives (e.g. pyridinethione
salts, azoles, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, keratolytic
agents, and mixtures thereof); thickening agents; low density
microspheres (e.g. Expancel 091 WE40 d24, Akzo Nobel and others
described in commonly owned and assigned U.S. Patent Publication
No. 2004/0092415A1 published on May 13, 2004); preservatives;
antimicrobials; fragrances; chelators (e.g. such as those described
in U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,884 issued to Bisset, et al.); sequestrants;
vitamins (e.g. Retinol); vitamin derivatives (e.g. tocophenyl
actetate, niacinamide, panthenol); sunscreens; desquamation actives
(e.g. such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,681,852 and
5,652,228 issued to Bisset); anti-wrinkle/anti-atrophy actives
(e.g. N-acetyl derivatives, thiols, hydroxyl acids, phenol);
anti-oxidants (e.g. ascorbic acid derivatives, tocophenol) skin
soothing agents/skin healing agents (e.g. panthenoic acid
derivatives, aloe vera, allantoin); skin lightening agents (e.g.
kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid derivatives) skin tanning agents
(e.g. dihydroxyacteone); polymeric phase structurant (e.g.
naturally derived polymers, synthetic polymers, crosslinked
polymers, block copolymers, copolymers, hydrophilic polymers,
nonionic polymers, anionic polymers, hydrophobic polymers,
hydrophobically modified polymers, associative polymers, and
oligomers); a liquid crystalline phase inducing structurant (e.g.
trihydroxystearin available from Rheox, Inc. under the trade name
THIXCIN.RTM. R); organic cationic deposition polymer (e.g.
Polyquaternium 10 available from Amerchol Corp. Edison, N.J., USA,
guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride available as Jaguar C-17 from
Rhodia Inc., and N-Hance polymer series commercially available from
Aqualon); particles providing an increased hair volume benefit
(e.g. silicone resins, poly(meth)acrylates, polyethylene,
polyester, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyamide
(e.g., nylon), epoxy resins, urea resins, acrylic powders, and the
like); opacifying agents, suspending agents, propellants, pH
regulators (e.g. triethanolamine); anti-acne medicaments; essential
oils; sensates; pigments; colorants; pearlescent agents;
interference pigments (e.g such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
6,395,691 issued to Liang Sheng Tsaur, U.S. Pat. No. 6,645,511
issued to Aronson, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,759,376 issued to Zhang,
et al, U.S. Pat. No. 6,780,826 issued to Zhang, et al.) particles
(e.g. talc, kolin, mica, smectite clay, cellulose powder,
polysiloxane, silicas, carbonates, titanium dioxide, polyethylene
beads) hydrophobically modified non-platelet particles (e.g.
hydrophobically modified titanium dioxide and other materials
described in a commonly owned, patent application published on Aug.
17, 2006 under Publication No. 2006/0182699A by Taylor, et al.) and
mixtures thereof. Other finishing materials can be promotional
ingredients, as described in U.S. Patent Publication No.
2004/0116539 entitled "Late variant addition process for personal
care products" published on Jun. 17, 2004.
[0094] Suitable optional materials for dentifrice bases can
include, but are not limited to, surfactants, humectants, mouthwash
compositions, water, flavors, extracts, pH adjusting agents,
colorants and pigments, binders, cleaning agents, sweeteners,
tartar control agents, antisensitivity agents, chelating agents,
structurants, processing aids, and/or visual aesthetics such as
mica, polyethylene specks, wax prills, and pigmented silica
particles.
[0095] Suitable optional materials for base denture products
include one or more components which provide flavor, fragrance,
and/or sensate benefit including but not limited to, natural or
artificial sweetening agents, menthol, menthyl lactate, wintergreen
oil, peppermint oil, spearmint oil, leaf alcohol, clove bud oil,
anethole, methyl salicylate, eucalyptol, cassia, 1-menthyl acetate,
sage, eugenol, parsley oil, oxanone, alpha-irisone, marjoram,
lemon, orange, propenyl guaethol, cinnamon, vanillin, thymol,
linalool, cinnamaldehyde glycerol acetal (CGA), carboxamides,
menthol, menthyl, ketals, diols, toxicologically accepted
plasticizers, colorants, thickeners, preservatives, iodine,
tricolsan, peroxides, sulfonamides, bisbiguanides, phenolics,
antibiotics, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory agents, dentinal
desensitizing agents, anesthetic agents, aromatics, benzaldehyde,
insulin, steroids, herbal and other plant derived remedies, baking
soda, anti-neoplastics, and the like.
[0096] The cleansing phase and benefit phase may be present at any
ratio with respect to one another. Preferably, the ratio of
cleansing phase to benefit phase is at least about 1:1, more
preferably at least about 2:1, and most preferably at least about
4:1
[0097] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be
understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values
recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension
is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension
disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm".
[0098] All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the
Invention are, in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference;
the citation of any document is not to be construed as an admission
that it is prior art with respect to the present invention. To the
extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document
conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a
document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition
assigned to that term in this document shall govern.
[0099] While particular embodiments of the present invention have
been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those
skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can
be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims
all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of
this invention.
* * * * *