U.S. patent application number 11/622756 was filed with the patent office on 2008-07-17 for bottle capping systems.
Invention is credited to Timothy James Kennedy.
Application Number | 20080169264 11/622756 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 39616964 |
Filed Date | 2008-07-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080169264 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kennedy; Timothy James |
July 17, 2008 |
Bottle Capping Systems
Abstract
A pump dispenser has a large ergonomic actuator designed to
ergonomically deliver a composition to a substrate in the
consumer's hand without the consumer having to pick up the pump
dispenser. The ergonomic design allows the composition to be
delivered in a proper aspect ratio to the substrate. The
composition can be delivered in such a way that the composition is
not aerosolized into the air or delivered to an unintended surface.
The method of delivery can be made intuitive to the consumer by
providing an actuator skirt that suggests the pumping mechanism or
by providing a depiction of a hand or substrate over the pump
dispenser. The pump dispenser is also useful for compositions or
substrates that are not stable together. The pump dispenser may be
designed with refill bottle capping systems such that only certain
refill bottles may fit into the pump dispenser.
Inventors: |
Kennedy; Timothy James;
(Pleasanton, CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
THE CLOROX COMPANY
P.O. BOX 24305
OAKLAND
CA
94623-1305
US
|
Family ID: |
39616964 |
Appl. No.: |
11/622756 |
Filed: |
January 12, 2007 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
215/329 ;
215/316 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B05B 11/3052 20130101;
B65D 41/0471 20130101; B05C 17/002 20130101; B05B 11/0005 20130101;
B65D 41/06 20130101; B65D 41/17 20130101; B05B 1/16 20130101; B05B
11/3001 20130101; B05B 11/3047 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
215/329 ;
215/316 |
International
Class: |
B65D 41/04 20060101
B65D041/04; B65D 41/00 20060101 B65D041/00 |
Claims
1. A capping system comprising: a first part having a restriction,
the restriction creating a first cross-sectional shape on the first
part; a second part having a second cross-sectional shape that
corresponds to the first cross-sectional shape on the first
part.
2. The capping system according to claim 1, wherein the restriction
includes circumferentially discontinuous threads.
3. The capping system according to claim 2, wherein: the first part
is a male part and the first cross-sectional shape is an outer
perimeter cross-sectional shape; and the second part is a female
part having an opening with an inner perimeter shape, the inner
perimeter shape being the second cross-sectional shape.
4. The bottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein: the
female part includes an extended skirt; the opening on the female
part is located on a bottom of the extended skirt; the extended
skirt has a length sufficient for the opening to clear the
circumferentially discontinuous threads on the male part when the
circumferentially discontinuous threads of the male part engage
threads on the female part.
5. The bottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein: the
male part includes at least one truncation on at least a portion of
the threads; the female part includes at least one wedge formed in
a bottom inside diameter of the female part, the truncation aligns
with the wedge when the female part is placed on the male part
prior to threading the female part with the male part.
6. The bottle capping system according to claim 5, wherein; the
male part includes four truncations and the female part includes
four wedges, the truncations are formed symmetrically about the
circumference of the male part and the wedges are formed
symmetrically about the bottom inside diameter of the female
part.
7. The bottle capping system according to claim 5, wherein the
female part includes an extended skirt having a length sufficient
for the wedges to clear the truncations before the male part
threads engage the female part threads.
8. The bottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein: the
male part includes at least one channel cut through the threads;
the female part includes at least one protrusion formed in a bottom
inside diameter of the female part, the protrusion aligning with
the channel when the female part is placed on the male part prior
to threading the female part with the male part.
9. The bottle capping system according to claim 8, wherein the male
part includes one channel and the female part includes one
protrusion.
10. The bottle capping system according to claim 8, wherein the
male part includes four channels and the female part includes four
protrusions, the channels are formed symmetrically about the
circumference of the male part and the protrusions are formed
symmetrically about the bottom inside diameter of the female
part.
11. The bottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein: the
male part includes at least two projections extending from a side
of the male part; the female part includes an opening formed in a
bottom inside diameter of the female part, the opening matches a
cross-section of the male part such that the projections fit into
the opening when the female part is placed on the male part prior
to threading the female part with the male part.
12. The bottle capping system according to claim 11, wherein the
male part includes four projections, the projections are formed
symmetrically about a circumference of the male part.
13. The bottle capping system according to claim 3, wherein the
female part is formed integrally with a pump dispensing package,
thereby allowing only bottles having a corresponding male part to
be used in the pump dispensing package.
14. A capping system comprising: a male part having threads and a
male discontinuity, the male part having an outer perimeter
cross-sectional shape; the male discontinuity selected from the
group consisting of a truncation and a channel; a female part
having a female discontinuity selected from the group consisting of
a wedge and a protrusion.
15. The bottle capping system according to claim 14, further
comprising: between two and four truncations on at least a portion
of the threads of the male part, the truncations formed
symmetrically about the male part; and between two and four wedges
formed symmetrically in a bottom inside diameter of the female
part, the truncations aligning with the wedges when the female part
is placed on the male part prior to threading the female part with
the male part.
16. The bottle capping system according to claim 14, further
comprising: at least one channel cut through the threads of the
male part; and at least one protrusion formed in a bottom inside
diameter of the female part, the protrusion aligning with the
channel when the female part is placed on the male part prior to
threading the female part with the male part.
17. The bottle capping system according to claim 16, wherein the
male part includes between two and four channels and the female
part includes between two and four protrusions, wherein the
channels are formed symmetrically about a circumference of the male
part and the protrusions are formed symmetrically about the bottom
inside diameter of the female part.
18. A bottle capping system comprising: a male part including a
hollow tube with at least two projections extending therefrom; a
female part having an opening in a bottom inside diameter of the
female part, the opening sized to allow the projections and the
hollow tube of the male part to pass therethrough, thereby allowing
threads of the male part to engage with threads of the female
part.
19. The bottle capping system according to claim 18, further
comprising an extended skirt on the female part having a length
sufficient for the projections to clear the opening before the
threads of the male part engage the threads of the female part.
20. The bottle capping system according to claim 18, wherein the
male part includes four projections, wherein the projections are
formed symmetrically about a circumference of the hollow tube.
21. The bottle capping system according to claim 18, wherein a
bottle has the male part formed integrally therewith.
22. The bottle capping system according to claim 18, wherein the
male part frictionally fits into an inside diameter of a bottle.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] This invention relates to bottle capping systems, and, more
particularly, to bottle capping systems for use with refill bottles
of pump dispensing packages.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Consumers have traditionally applied cleaning and
disinfecting compositions by spraying on a surface and wiping with
a paper towel or by adding a cleaner to a sponge, activating with
water, wiping with the sponge, and rinsing the sponge. This
procedure is inefficient because the consumer must go through
several cleaning steps.
[0005] Current dispensers are not adequate for one hand application
of cleaning and disinfecting compositions to cleaning substrates
such as paper towels. Dispensers such as trigger sprayers or pump
dispensers generally require one hand to hold and activate the
dispenser and one hand to hold the cleaning substrates. Existing
pump-up dispensers that can be ergonomically operated with the same
hand that holds the cleaning substrate have small actuators that
require the hand and substrate to be contracted into a ball in
order to activate the dispenser.
[0006] Wet disinfectant or cleaning wipes, such as described in
U.S. Pat. No. 6,716,805 to Sherry et al., are becoming increasingly
popular for their convenience in combining a nonwoven, disposable
substrate with a disinfecting or cleaning solution. Soap-loaded
disposable dish cloths, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,652,869 to
Suazon et al., are also popular for their convenience. These
products combine the cleaning solution and the cleaning substrate
in one system so that the consumer can perform the cleaning task
with one hand and with one product. However, these systems have
some drawbacks such as requiring water activation of a dry
substrate or requiring a sealed packaging for a wet substrate.
[0007] To overcome these problems of cleaning systems and cleaning
products, the cleaning device and cleaning system of the present
invention is designed to allow the consumer to conveniently apply a
cleaning or disinfecting composition to a substrate with one hand
and in a controlled manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] In accordance with the above objects and those that will be
mentioned and will become apparent below, one aspect of the present
invention comprises a capping system having a male part having
circumferentially discontinuous threads, the circumferentially
discontinuous threads creating an outer perimeter cross-sectional
shape on the male part; a female part having an opening with an
inner perimeter shape the same as the outer perimeter
cross-sectional shape on the male part.
[0009] In accordance with the above objects and those that will be
mentioned and will become apparent below, another aspect of the
present invention comprises a capping system having a male part
having threads and a male discontinuity, the male part having an
outer perimeter cross-sectional shape; the male discontinuity
selected from the group consisting of a truncation and a channel; a
female part having a female discontinuity selected from the group
consisting of a wedge and a protrusion.
[0010] In accordance with the above objects and those that will be
mentioned and will become apparent below, another aspect of the
present invention comprises a bottle capping system having a male
part including a hollow tube with at least two projections
extending therefrom; a female part having an opening in a bottom
inside diameter of the female part, the opening sized to allow the
projections and the hollow tube of the male part to pass
therethrough, thereby allowing threads of the male part to engage
with threads of the female part.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] In the accompanying drawings that form part of the
specification, and in which like numerals are employed to designate
like parts throughout the same,
[0012] FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a pump
dispensing package of the present invention, and the package is
shown assembled in a condition prior to use;
[0013] FIG. 2 is a fragmentary, exploded, perspective view of the
package illustrated in FIG. 1;
[0014] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump
dispensing package of the present invention, and the package is
shown assembled in a condition prior to use;
[0015] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump
dispensing package of the present invention, and the package is
shown assembled in a condition prior to use;
[0016] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump
dispensing package of the present invention, and the package is
shown assembled in a condition prior to use;
[0017] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump
dispensing package of the present invention, and the package is
shown assembled in a condition prior to use;
[0018] FIG. 7A is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump
dispensing package of the present invention, and the package is
shown assembled in a condition prior to use;
[0019] FIG. 7B is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump
dispensing package of the present invention showing a sponge
sitting on top of the package;
[0020] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pump
dispensing package of the present invention, and the package is
shown assembled in a condition prior to use;
[0021] FIG. 9 shows the one-handed use of the package with a paper
towel;
[0022] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the
pump dispenser of the present invention taken generally along the
plane 10-10 in FIG. 1.
[0023] FIGS. 11A and 11B are perspective views of an embodiment of
a refill closure of the present invention.
[0024] FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view showing the closure of
FIGS. 11A and 11B fitting together;
[0025] FIGS. 12A and 12B are perspective views of an embodiment of
a refill closure of the present invention.
[0026] FIG. 12C is a cross-sectional view showing the closure of
FIGS. 12A and 12B fitting together;
[0027] FIGS. 13A and 13B are perspective views of an embodiment of
a refill closure of the present invention.
[0028] FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view showing the closure of
FIGS. 12A and 12B fitting together;
[0029] FIGS. 14A and 14B are perspective views of an embodiment of
a refill closure of the present invention.
[0030] FIG. 15 shows three cross-sectional views of an embodiment
of a refill closure of the present invention.
[0031] FIG. 16 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a
refill closure of the present invention.
[0032] FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C and 17D show cross-sectional views of
embodiments of fluid distribution systems.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0033] While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many
different forms, this specification and the accompanying drawings
disclose only some specific forms as examples of the invention. The
invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments so
described. It is also to be understood that the terminology used
herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments of
the invention only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the
invention in any manner. The scope of the invention is pointed out
in the appended claims.
[0034] For ease of description, the components of this invention
and the container employed with the components of this invention
are described in the normal (upright) operating position, and terms
such as upper, lower, horizontal, etc., are used with reference to
this position. It will be understood, however, that the components
embodying this invention may be manufactured, stored, transported,
used, and sold in an orientation other than the position
described.
[0035] Figures illustrating the components of this invention and
the container show some conventional mechanical elements that are
known and that will be recognized by one skilled in the art. The
detailed descriptions of such elements are not necessary to an
understanding of the invention, and accordingly, are herein
presented only to the degree necessary to facilitate an
understanding of the novel features of the present invention.
[0036] All publications, patents and patent applications cited
herein, whether supra or infra, are hereby incorporated by
reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each
individual publication, patent or patent application was
specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by
reference.
[0037] As used herein and in the claims, the term "comprising" is
inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude additional unrecited
elements, compositional components, or method steps. Accordingly,
the term "comprising" encompasses the more restrictive terms
"consisting essentially of" and "consisting of".
[0038] It must be noted that, as used in this specification and the
appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an" and "the" include
plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
Thus, for example, reference to a "surfactant" includes two or more
such surfactants.
[0039] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms
used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of
ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. Although
a number of methods and materials similar or equivalent to those
described herein can be used in the practice of the present
invention, the preferred materials and methods are described
herein.
[0040] In the application, effective amounts are generally those
amounts listed as the ranges or levels of ingredients in the
descriptions, which follow hereto. All percentages, ratios and
proportions are by weight, and all temperatures are in degrees
Celsius (.degree. C.), unless otherwise specified. All measurements
are in SI units, unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise
stated, amounts listed in percentage ("%'s") are in weight percent
(based on 100% active) of the cleaning composition alone. It should
be understood that every limit given throughout this specification
will include every lower, or higher limit, as the case may be, as
if such lower or higher limit was expressly written herein. Every
range given throughout this specification will include every
narrower range that falls within such broader range, as if such
narrower ranges were all expressly written herein.
[0041] The term "surfactant", as used herein, is meant to mean and
include a substance or compound that reduces surface tension when
dissolved in water or water solutions, or that reduces interfacial
tension between two liquids, or between a liquid and a solid. The
term "surfactant" thus includes anionic, nonionic, cationic and/or
amphoteric agents.
[0042] The composition can be used as a disinfectant, sanitizer,
and/or sterilizer. As used herein, the term "disinfect" shall mean
the elimination of many or all pathogenic microorganisms on
surfaces with the exception of bacterial endospores. As used
herein, the term "sanitize" shall mean the reduction of
contaminants in the inanimate environment to levels considered safe
according to public health ordinance, or that reduces the bacterial
population by significant numbers where public health requirements
have not been established. An at least 99% reduction in bacterial
population within a 24 hour time period is deemed "significant." As
used herein, the term "sterilize" shall mean the complete
elimination or destruction of all forms of microbial life and which
is authorized under the applicable regulatory laws to make legal
claims as a "Sterilant" or to have sterilizing properties or
qualities.
[0043] As used herein, the term "polymer" generally includes, but
is not limited to, homopolymers, copolymers, such as for example,
block, graft, random and alternating copolymers, terpolymers, etc.
and blends and modifications thereof Furthermore, unless otherwise
specifically limited, the term "polymer" shall include all possible
geometrical configurations of the molecule. These configurations
include, but are not limited to isotactic, syndiotactic and random
symmetries.
[0044] The term "plastic" is defined herein as any polymeric
material that is capable of being shaped or molded, with or without
the application of heat. Usually plastics are a homo-polymer or
co-polymer that of high molecular weight. Plastics fitting this
definition include, but are not limited to, polyolefins,
polyesters, nylon, vinyl, acrylic, polycarbonates, polystyrene, and
polyurethane.
[0045] The terms "standard threads" and "non-standard threads" are
defined herein to refer to distinguish threads found on
conventional items such as beverage bottles and food jars (standard
threads) from the threads of the capping systems of the present
invention (non-standard threads). Typically, male and female parts
having standard threads may be brought together regardless of their
relative orientations and twisted to engage their respective
threads. Non-standard threads, on the other hand, may require a
specific orientation when to bring together the male and female
parts prior to twisting to engage their threads.
Package
[0046] FIG. 1 illustrates a package 20 employing an actuator 24, a
pump assembly 26, and a dip tube 28 installed on a container 22. In
this embodiment, the container 22 is transparent and contains a
cleaning composition 21.
[0047] FIG. 2 illustrates a typical pump assembly 26 that may be
employed on the container 22 and which is adapted to be mounted in
the neck 23 of the container 22. The exterior of the container neck
23 typically defines the threads 32 for engaging the closure (not
shown) as described in detail hereinafter. The threads 32 define a
connection feature adjacent the container mouth 30. Other
connection features may be employed in cooperation with mating or
cooperating connection features on the closure, and such other
connection features could be a snap-fit bead and groove arrangement
or other conventional or special connection features, including
non-releasable connection features such as adhesive, thermal
bonding, staking, etc.
[0048] A part of the pump assembly 26 may extend into the container
opening or mouth 30. The pump assembly 26 may be of any suitable
conventional or special type. With a typical conventional pump
assembly 26, the bottom end of the pump assembly 26 is attached to
a conventional dip tube 28, and the upper end of the pump assembly
projects above the container neck 23. The pump assembly 26 includes
an outwardly projecting flange 36 for supporting the pump assembly
26 on the container neck 23 over a conventional sealing gasket 38
which is typically employed between the pump assembly flange 36 and
container neck 23. Other sealing designs, such as plug seals, can
be used in place of a gasket. The hollow stem or tube 40
establishes communication between the pump chamber (not shown)
within the pump assembly 26 and an actuator 24 which is mounted to
the upper end of the tube 40.
[0049] The actuator 24 defines a discharge passage 44 (FIG. 10)
through which the product from the stem or tube 40 is discharged.
The actuator 24 has a hand-and-substrate engageable region (FIG. 9)
and can be depressed by the user's hand containing a substrate to
move the stem 40 downwardly (FIG. 10) in the pump assembly 26 to
dispense fluid from the pump assembly 26. The fluid is pressurized
in the pump chamber and exits from the actuator orifices 25 (FIG.
2) in the actuator 24.
[0050] It will be appreciated that the particular design of the
pump assembly 26 may be of any suitable design for pumping a
product from the container 22 (with or without a dip tube 28) and
out through the stem 40. The detailed design and construction of
the pump assembly 26 per se forms no part of the present invention
except to the extent that the pump assembly 26 is adapted to be
suitably mounted and held on the container by a closure with a
suitable mounting system.
[0051] While the present invention may be practiced with spray or
liquid pumps of many different designs, the internal design
configuration of one suitable pump is generally disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No. 4,986,453, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated
herein by reference thereto. It should be understood, however, that
the present invention is suitable for use with a variety of
hand-operable pumps.
Container
[0052] The dispensing package (FIG. 5) can comprise a container 22
having a container bottom 51; a container sleeve 52 coupled to said
container bottom 51 and depending upwardly from the peripheral edge
of said container bottom 51; an actuator 24 having an actuator top
72 and an actuator skirt 76 coupled to the actuator top 72 and
depending downwardly from the peripheral edge of said actuator top
72; a pump assembly 26 (FIG. 2) having a hollow stem 40 and the
pump assembly 26 disposed within the container 22 and in fluid
communication with the actuator 24; wherein the actuator 24 has at
least one discharge orifice 25 in fluid communication with the stem
40 of the pump assembly 26 to permit liquid to flow on to a top
surface 74 (FIG. 7A) of the actuator top 72 upon reciprocation of
the actuator top 72, and wherein a sleeve interior surface of the
container sleeve 52 is slideably engagable with a skirt exterior
surface 77 of the actuator skirt 76 (FIG. 5).
[0053] The container can have a variety of shapes. The container
can be round (FIG. 3) or oval (FIG. 4) or rectangular with rounded
corners (FIG. 7A). The container dimensions can be measured from a
horizontal slice 75 (FIG. 7A). The container can be made from
plastic materials. The container, and other components of the
dispenser package, can be constructed of any of the conventional
material employed in fabricating containers, including, but not
limited to: polyethylene; polypropylene; polyacetal; polycarbonate;
polyethyleneterephthalate; polyvinyl chloride; polystyrene; blends
of polyethylene, vinyl acetate, and rubber elastomer. Other
materials can include stainless steel and glass. A suitable
container is made of clear material, e.g., polyethylene
terephthalate.
Actuator
[0054] The ergonomic shape of the actuator makes the actuator easy
to pump with a substrate such as paper towel or sponge, and to
operate using one hand. One measure of the actuator shape is a
vertical projection 71 (FIG. 7A) of the top surface 74 of the
actuator top 72, where a vertical projection is a projection onto
the horizontal plane. The vertical projection 71 has a length 78
and a width 79. The aspect ratio is the ratio of the length to the
width. For a circle, the aspect ratio would be 1. Unless the hand
or the substrate in the hand is severely compressed, then both the
hand and substrate would have an aspect ratio greater than 1. In
order to ergonomically apply the composition to the substrate in
the hand, in some embodiments of the invention it would be
desirable for the actuator and or the pattern of orifices to have
an aspect ratio greater than 1. The vertical projection of the
actuator top can have an aspect ratio of greater than 1, or greater
than 1.1, or greater than 1.2, or greater than 1.5, or at least
1.1, or at least 1.2, or at least 1.5, or less than 2, or less than
1.5. In order to provide a large surface for one-handed use of the
dispensing package, in some embodiments, the actuator top size can
be approximately the same size or larger than the container. The
actuator top size can be larger than the width of two fingers for
easy ergonomic use with a cleaning substrate. The vertical
projection of the actuator top length can be larger than about 1.5
inches, or from 2 to 10 inches, or from 2 to 8 inches, or from 2 to
5 inches, or from 2 to 3 inches, or from 2.5 to 8 inches, or from
2.5 to 5 inches, or from 2.5 to 3 inches. The vertical projection
of the actuator top can have an area of greater than 2 square
inches, greater than 5 square inches, greater than 6 square inches,
greater than 7 square inches, greater than 8 square inches, greater
than 10 square inches, less than 8 square inches, less than 10
square inches, or less than 20 square inches. For use with a
semi-rigid rectangular substrate, for example a sponge, the
actuator top can be approximately the same size or somewhat smaller
than a standard rectangular sponge, for example about 2.5 by about
4.5 inches. The vertical projection of the top surface of the
actuator top can have at least one dimension that is greater than
the corresponding dimension of any horizontal slice 75 of the
container (FIG. 7A). The vertical projection of the top surface of
the actuator top can have at least one dimension that is greater
than the corresponding dimension of any horizontal slice 75 of the
actuator skirt (FIG. 7A).
[0055] The actuator can have a concave shape that is round (FIG. 3,
FIG. 6), oval (FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 8), a rectangular with rounded
corners (FIG. 7A), elliptical, or other shape that fits the hand, a
sponge, or other substrate. The concave shape allows the capture or
excess composition without dripping. In certain embodiments, it may
be desirable to allow pools of the composition to collect in the
actuator top 42 (FIG. 4) during use. The actuator can have a rim 41
to prevent spillage. In certain embodiments, it may be useful for
the actuator to be flat or convex for ergonomic effectiveness with
certain substrates.
[0056] The actuator can individually be adapted to the respective
requirements with regard to the direction of the dispensing opening
as well as with regard to the use of opening valves. The actuator
is not limited to having a dispensing opening which is moved
together with a dispensing key, but it may also comprise an
actuator of the type having a stationary dispensing opening. The
actuator may have a surface that engages the container and is
internal (FIG. 4) or external (FIG. 6, FIG. 8) to the
container.
Actuator Skirt
[0057] The actuator skirt can be indented from the actuator top
(FIG. 7A). The actuator skirt dimensions can be measured from a
horizontal slice of the actuator skirt 76. Because this dispenser
package may be unfamiliar to consumers, it may be necessary to
provide a consumer cue on how to use the dispenser package by
pushing down on the actuator. Therefore, before activation of the
package, it may be desirable that a portion of the actuator skirt
is visible to a user of the package thereby providing operational
indicia to the user of the package. This provides a consumer cue to
push down on the actuator. It may be desirable that before
activation, the visible portion of the actuator skirt has a
vertical dimension 43 (FIG. 4) of about one-eighth inch, at least
one-eighth inch, or at least one-quarter inch, or at least one-half
inch, or at least one inch. By the same notion, it may be desirable
that after downward activation of the package, the actuator top
extends beyond the circumference of the container (FIG. 7A). An
actuator skirt that is indented from the actuator top or is a
different color from the actuator top or the container may provide
a consumer cue as to how to use the dispensing container.
Actuator Orifices
[0058] The package can have one or more openings or orifices 25
situated on the actuator 24 (FIG. 2). The orifice can be a small or
large, round, slit or other suitable shape. The orifice or orifices
can be centered in the actuator. Because the actuator is enlarged,
the orifice or orifices can be located away from the edge of the
actuator to prevent, for example, spilling the composition. The
actuator top can have multiple orifices and the orifices can be
indented from the exterior edge of the top surface of the actuator
top. The actuator top can have multiple orifices wherein the
pattern of orifices has an aspect ratio of at least 1.5, or greater
than 1, or greater than 1.1, or greater than 1.2or greater than
1.5, or at least 1.1, or at least 1.2, or less than 2, or less than
1.5. Where the pattern of orifices has an aspect ratio of at least
1.5, then the composition can be applied to the substrate in an
area having an aspect ratio of at least 1.5, or greater than 1, or
greater than 1.1, or greater than 1.2, or greater than 1.5, or at
least 1.1, or at least 1.2, or less than 2, or less than 1.5. When
for example the actuator top is large and has multiple orifices,
the actuator can apply at least 0.3 ml of the composition (or other
volume) to the substrate in an area of greater than 2 square inches
and less than 20 square inches, or an area of greater than 4 square
inches, greater than 5 square inches, greater than 6 square inches,
greater than 7 square inches, greater than 8 square inches, greater
than 10 square inches, less than 8 square inches, less than 10
square inches, or less than 20 square inches.
Delivery Volume
[0059] The delivery or application volume should give satisfactory
delivery of the composition in one stroke of the actuator
component. For consumer flexibility, the consumer may also use more
than one stroke of the actuator component for the treatment of
large areas or heavy cleaning tasks. A suitable delivery volume is
0.1 to 5 ml, or 0.1 to 1 ml, or 0.1 to 0.5 ml, or 0.3 to 0.5 ml, or
0.3 to 1 ml, or 0.5 ml to 5 ml, or 0.5 to 1 ml, or 1 to 5 ml, or 1
to 2 ml, or about 0.3 ml, or about 0.7 ml.
Locking Means/Cover
[0060] The dispensing package may have a flip-top cover as
described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,953,297 to Dobbs et al. The dispensing
package may have a retractable cover as described in U.S. Pat. No.
6,223,951 to Siegel et al. The dispensing package may have a
rotatable or removeable sleeve to prevent actuation as described in
U.S. Pat. No. 6,543,649 to Danielo et al. The dispensing package
may have a rotative locking mechanism or a removable anti-rotative
lock as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,445,299 to Harriman.
Durable or Disposable Package
[0061] The package may be disposable and designed for one use and
not designed to be refillable. In this embodiment, the actuator
and/or pump assembly may be fused to the container, for example
with spot welding.
[0062] The package may be durable and able to be refillable. In one
embodiment, the package is refilled by pouring additional
composition into the container through a neck opening in the
container. In one embodiment, a durable pump assembly and actuator
is attached to a disposable container assembly containing a
composition. In one embodiment, a durable pump assembly, actuator
and container assembly is adapted to allow attachment of a refill
container.
Refill Assembly
[0063] In some embodiments, the dispenser package can be refilled
with a refill assembly. In order to prevent attaching a refill that
may be inappropriate for the actuator or the intended use, in some
embodiments the refill is designed to have novel characteristics.
For example, the refill assembly may be coupled to the actuator
using a non-standard closure. In one embodiment, either a rigid
cartridge or flexible pouch is inserted into a rigid container with
some mechanism to attach the pump and actuator. The attachment
mechanism can be, for example, that the pump and actuator is
inserted into a refill with a film seal, for example as described
in U.S. Pat. No. 6,269,976 to DeJonge which describes a puncture
spike with a dip tube guide. In another embodiment, the refill
assembly has a restricted neck to discourage refilling by the
consumer.
[0064] In another embodiment, the refill assembly has a
non-standard closure, such as non-standard neck threads or tabs, so
that a standard threaded closure cannot be used. One example is a
key hole closure which in one embodiment comprises a threaded
female fitting, modified so a completely threaded male fitting can
not be engaged in the female fitting, and a matching male fitting.
In one embodiment of the key hole closure of the present invention,
a first part may have a restriction that creates a first
cross-sectional shape. The second part may have a second
cross-sectional shape that corresponds to the first cross-sectional
shape. The first part may be a male fitting having
circumferentially discontinuous threads, the circumferentially
discontinuous threads creating an outer perimeter cross-sectional
shape on the male part. The second part may be a female fitting
having an opening with an inner perimeter shape the same as the
outer perimeter cross-sectional shape on the male part. In another
embodiment, a capping system may include a male part and a female
part. The male part may have threads and a male discontinuity
defining an outer perimeter cross-sectional shape. The male
discontinuity may, for example, be a truncation or a channel, or
may be formed when the threads on the male part are formed on
separated projections extending from the male part (as described
with reference to FIGS. 13A, 13B and 13C below), as described in
further detail below. The female part may have a female
discontinuity which may be, for example, a wedge, a protrusion, or
an opening.
[0065] FIGS. 11A and 11B show one embodiment of a key hole closure
design of the present invention. Threads 80 on a male part 82 of a
bottle 83 have been truncated on four sides (only one side is shown
in FIG. 11A). A female part 84 has four wedges 86 added at the
bottom 88 of the skirt 90 to provide a partially squared opening
that matches the cross section of the threaded portion 92 of the
male part 82 with enough clearance between the inside diameter of
the female part 84 and the outside diameter of the male part 82
such that the male part 82 can be easily inserted into the female
part 84 until the male threads 80 start to engage the female
threads 81. Moreover, enough non-threaded space 94 on the male part
82 may be necessary so that the male threads 80 may mate and engage
with the female threads 81 of the female part 84. At that point the
threads 80 have cleared the wedges 86 so the two parts 82, 84 can
be screwed together. The threaded female part 84, such as a bottle
closure, has an extended skirt 90 that can be long enough so that
the matching male part 82 can be pushed into the female part 84 far
enough to clear the wedges 86 before the threads 80 and 81 start to
engage. The female threads 81 can be continuous. The female part 84
may be a cap, closure or may be formed as part of a pump dispenser.
In the latter example, a consumer may purchase the bottle 83 having
the female part 84 thereupon acting as a closure or uses a standard
closure that does not have wedges 86. A fully threaded male part 82
will not work with the described female part 84 but the described
male part 82 may work with a standard female closure. When the
closure is removed, the consumer may attach the bottle 83 (and male
part 82) into a pump dispenser (not shown) that has a receiving
member with the same design as the female part 84. This prevents
bottles that do not have the appropriate male part modification
(such as truncations 96) from fitting into the pump dispenser.
[0066] While the embodiment shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B shows
the male part 82 being truncated on four sides (and the
corresponding female part 84 with four corresponding wedges 86),
the present invention contemplates any number of
truncations/wedges, so long as the male part 82 may fit into the
female part 84. For example, two truncations/wedges may be formed
on the male part 82 and the female part 84, respectively. Moreover,
the truncations/wedges need not be symmetrical, as shown in FIG.
11B, but rather, the truncations/wedges may be formed in other
patterns about each of the male and female parts 82, 84.
[0067] Truncations 96 may have a length 98 (and, consequently, the
wedges 86 have approximately the same length 98) long enough to
prevent male parts 82 from being threaded with mismatched female
parts 84. However, truncations 96 may be formed short enough so as
not to interfere with the threading of appropriately matched male
and female parts 82, 84. Typically, the truncations 96 may have a
length 98 that is from about 2% to about 20% of the circumference
of the male part 82. The truncations 96 may be formed in at depth
sufficient to prevent male parts 82 from being threaded with
mismatched female parts 84. For example, the truncations 96 may be
formed at a full depth of the threads 100 as shown in FIG. 11A.
[0068] FIG. 11C shows the joining of the male part 82 and the
female part 84. In order to place the female part 84 on the male
part 82, the wedges 86 of the female part 84 should be aligned with
the truncations 96 of the male part 82. As the male part 82 and the
female part 86 are threaded together, the wedges 86 may turn about
the clearance 94 provided on the male part 82.
[0069] FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B show another embodiment of a key hole
closure design according to the present invention. A modification
to the threads 100 in this case is a vertical channel 102 on one
face only of the male part 104. The matching female part 118 has a
protrusion 108 that must slide through the channel 102 on the male
part 104 before the threads 100 engage. The threaded female part
118, such as a bottle closure, has an extended skirt 110 that may
be long enough so that the matching male part 104 can be pushed
into the female part 118 far enough to clear the protrusion 108
before the threads 100 start to engage with the female threads
101.
[0070] While the embodiment in FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B shows one
protrusion 108 and channel 102, other numbers of protrusions 108
and channels 102 may be used, so long as the male part 104 may fit
into the female part 118. For example, from two to four protrusions
108 and channels 102 may be formed on the female part 118 and the
male part 104, respectively. Moreover, the protrusions 108 and
channels 102 need not be symmetrical, but rather, the protrusions
108 and channels 102 may be formed in other patterns about each of
the male and female parts 104, 118.
[0071] The protrusion 108 may have a width 112 from about 0.05
inches to about 0.50 inches, typically about 0.10 inches. The
protrusion 108 may have a depth 114 that is the same or slightly
(about 2-20%) less than a depth 116 of the threads 100.
[0072] FIG. 12C shows the joining of the male part 104 and the
female part 118. In order to place the female part 118 on the male
part 104, the protrusions 108 of the female part 118 must be
aligned with the channels 102 of the male part 104. As the male
part 104 and the female part 118 are threaded together, the
protrusions 108 may turn about the clearance 106 provided on the
male part 104.
[0073] FIG. 11A through FIG. 12C separately describes the use of
wedges 86 and truncations 96 (FIG. 11A through FIG. 11C) or the use
of protrusions 108 and channels 102 (FIG. 12A through FIG. 12C).
However, the present invention may contemplate not only the use of
the embodiments described herein separately, but also, the present
invention includes the use of multiple embodiments as described
herein. For example, a male part (not shown) may include both
truncations 96 and channels 102 while a corresponding female part
(not shown) may include both wedges 86 and protrusions 108.
[0074] FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B show another embodiment of a key hole
closure design according to the present invention. A hollow tube
121 of a male part 122 is smaller in diameter than the threads 124,
so the threads 124 are formed on projections 132 from the sides 126
of the hollow tube 121. An opening 128 in a female part 130 matches
the cross section of the male part 122, such that the projections
132 may fit into the opening 128 in the female part 130. The
threaded female part 130, such as a bottle closure, has an extended
skirt 134 that may be long enough so that the matching male part
122 can be pushed into the female part 130 far enough to clear the
projections 132 before the threads 124, 125 start to engage.
[0075] While the embodiment in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B shows two
projections 132 on the male part 122 with the opening in the female
part 130 shaped to receive these two projections 132, other numbers
of projections 132 may be used, so long as the male part 122 may
fit into the female part 130. For example, from two to four
projections 132 may be formed on the male part 122. Moreover, the
projections 132 need not be symmetrical about the sides 126 of the
male part 122, but rather, the projections 132 may be formed in
other patterns about the male part 122.
[0076] The male part 122 may be formed integrally with a bottle
(not shown). Alternatively, the hollow tube 121 may fit into an
inside diameter of a bottle (not shown), such that the bottle and
the male part 122 are two separate elements.
[0077] FIG. 13C shows the joining of the male part 122 and the
female part 130. In order to place the female part 130 on the male
part 122, the projections 132 of the male part 122 should be
aligned with the opening 128 of the female part 130. As the male
part 122 and the female part 130 are threaded together, the threads
124 at the ends of the projections 132 mate with the threads 136 of
the female part.
[0078] In one embodiment, a flex closure has a male part with a
neck of any cross section shape, which may attach to a container
and be hollow to allow access to the container (FIG. 14A). One or
more arms protrude from the side of the neck. Prior to connection
with the female part, the arms of the male part angle or are curved
away down. The female part has a central opening large enough to
accept the neck of the male part and allow it to rotate (FIG. 14B).
The female part also has open channel(s) which allow the protruding
arm(s) to be inserted into it. When the female part is turned
relative to the male part to connect the parts, the protruding arm
first passes through a slot that matches the cross section of the
arm and then engages with a ramp that bends the arms upward. The
ramp flattens out when the ends of the arms are bent the desired
amount. In one embodiment, the arms are bent enough that they end
up above the channel that allowed the preceding arm to be inserted
into the female part. FIG. 14A shows one embodiment of the male
part. This is a bottle fitment and the lower part has a tight fit
in the neck of the bottle. There are four arms that curve downward.
FIG. 14B shows the female part. The outer surface is a cylinder and
there are four partial cylinders on the interior. The space between
the partial cylinders provides channels for the arms to enter the
female part. Each of the partial cylinders has a slot that allows
the arm to be turned until it is inside the partial cylinder. Once
the end of the arm clears the partial cylinder wall, the inner
portion of the partial cylinder wall ramps up and bends the arms up
as the male part continues to turn relative to the female part. The
male part can continue to turn until the arm is stopped by the wall
of the next partial cylinder. At this point the arm is supported on
an annular ring that is the flat portion of the ramp and the arm is
above the entry channel for the next arm.
[0079] In one embodiment, a flip closure is a connection system
with male and female parts (FIG. 15). The parts are pushed together
along a central axis to make the connection. The male part has a
neck of any cross section shape parallel to the central axis. The
neck can be solid or hollow and if hollow can be connected to a
container and allow access to the container. Either the male or
female part has one or more arms protruding from it and angled
toward the second part before they are connected. The second part
has two or more surfaces extending radially toward the first part
when the parts are connected. These surfaces are perpendicular
enough to the central axis to keep the arms from sliding past them.
The length of the arms allows the parts to be pushed together until
the arms contact one extending surface on the second part. As the
parts continue to be pushed together the arms bend or rotate until
they are angled away from the direction they were initially angled
and are prevented from moving by a second extending surface. The
second extending surface does not extend as far as the first
surface, so the arms do not contact it until they are partially
bent or rotated. The length of the arms is such that compression on
the arms from contact with the second part increases and then
decreases as the connection is made so that the final position of
the two parts is stable. The arms are held to the first part by one
or more hinges, or are integral to the first part and flexible
enough to bend, or the ends of the arms are prevented from sliding
parallel to the central axis by surfaces extending radially toward
the second part. The three drawings (FIG. 15) are cross sections of
the two parts which illustrate an embodiment of this design where
the neck is a hollow cylinder and the arms are connected to the
male part. The arms are scored where they connect to the neck to
control where they bend. The first drawing shows the parts before
connection. The second drawing shows the parts as the arms
initially contact the first extended surface. The third drawing
shows the completed connections with the arms angled away from
their initial position and contacting the second extended
surface.
[0080] In one embodiment, the fitment closure (FIG. 16) is used
with a fluid dispenser that is fed from a dip tube, such as a
lotion pump or trigger sprayer. The dip tube, and possibly
additional parts of the fluid dispenser such as the check ball, are
attached to a fitment which holds the dip tube in place in the
container which the fluid dispenser is attached to. The fitment can
be attached to the container or simply held in place between the
fluid dispenser and container when they are connected. The fitment
has a means of attaching a dip tube, such as a socket the dip tube
fits into or a male extension the dip tube fits around. The fitment
also has a means of sealing it to the fluid dispenser tightly
enough that fluid will pass through the dip tube when the fluid
dispenser is actuated. The drawing shows one embodiment of the
fitment design. The fitment is shown in position in a bottle neck
but without the dip tube. The top portion of this design has a
skirt sized to friction fit in the bottle's neck. The socket at the
bottom of the drawing accepts a dip tube. The adjacent protrusion
inside the fitting fits into the dip tube socket on a lotion
pump.
[0081] In another embodiment, the container has a closure that is
broken off when the consumer removes the container so that it
cannot be reattached. In another embodiment, the refill has a
flange and offset opening in the neck, for example as described in
U.S. Pat. No. 6,702,157 to Dobbs. In other embodiment, the refill
has a specifically designed vent opening to mate with the actuator
pump assembly, for example the cap vent assembly as described in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,181,635 to Balderrama et al. In another example,
the refill container has locking rachet teeth, for example as
described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,360,127 to Barriac et al.
Multiple Compartments
[0082] The package may have a swivel actuator that allows selection
from multiple compartments as described in U.S. Pat. 2003/0192913
to Preuter et al. The package may have multiple actuator components
for delivering multiple compositions from one container having
multiple compartments, for example a hard surface cleaner and a
dish soap.
Fluid Distribution System
[0083] When the actuator orifices cover a large area, it may be
desirable to have a fluid distribution system to deliver the fluid
from the hollow stem 40 to the orifices 25 (FIG. 2). FIG. 17A shows
an embodiment of a manifold type system where channels 44 are
utilized to move the fluid to the surface with orifices 25
organized over the channel openings. In one embodiment, the channel
paths are all the same distance so that fluid is evenly distributed
with every pump. FIG. 17B shows an embodiment of a manifold system
having a shallow fluid reservoir 51 that collects the fluid and
then a thin press pad 52 with holes squeezing or pressing the fluid
out of the surface holes. FIG. 17C shows an embodiment of a
manifold system having a distribution spacer 53, such as used in
trigger and pump sprayers, that splits the main stream into several
tiny streams of liquid. This embodiment might include a complex
push pad 52 that allows the fine streams to escape through the
holes. FIG. 17D shows an embodiment using a fine mist spray
approach, similar to that common finger pumps utilize, but with a
vertical mist. In this embodiment, the user holds the substrate
over the push pad actuator 24, pushes down and the actuation would
be a fine mist spray up onto the substrate.
Additional Functional Features
[0084] In one embodiment, additional functional characteristics
designed into the container base to offer stability and to
encourage consumers to leave the product out on their counters so
it is easily accessible. In one embodiment, a means is provided to
allow the container to attach to the counter. One such example is a
suction cup or other device on the bottom of the container. In
addition to standing upright, for example on a counter-top, the
dispenser package may be attached to a surface and used with the
dispenser package orifices on the bottom, for example attached to
the underside of kitchen cabinets.
[0085] In one embodiment, the exterior of the package dispenser is
resistant to microorganisms. Various anti-microbial agents known in
the art can be applied the exterior surface of the package
dispenser to impart virucidal, bacterial, and/or germicidal
properties thereto. The anti-microbial agent can comprise up to
100% of the surface area of the exterior surface of the dispenser,
and in some embodiments, between about 10% to about 80%. The
anti-microbial agent can include silver ions. In certain
embodiments, a silver-zeolite complex can be utilized to provide
controlled release of the anti-microbial agent. One commercially
available example of such a time-release anti-microbial agent is
sold as a fabric by HEALTH SHIELD.RTM. under the name
GUARDTEX.RTM., and is constructed from polyester and rayon and
contains a silver-zeolite complex. Other suitable silver-containing
microbial agents are disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent No. JP
10/259325. Moreover, in addition to silver-zeolites, other
metal-containing inorganic additives can also be used in the
present invention. Examples of such additives include, but are not
limited to, copper, zinc, mercury, antimony, lead, bismuth,
cadmium, chromium, thallium, or other various additives, such as
disclosed in Japanese Patent No. JP 1257124 A and U.S. Pat. No.
5,011,602 to Totani, et al. In some embodiments, the activity of
the additive can also be increased, such as described in U.S. Pat.
No. 5,900,383 to Davis, et al.
Substrate
[0086] Potential substrates or tools that consumers could use with
the package dispenser include woven or nonwoven dish cloths,
sponges, paper towel, hands, facial tissue, bathroom tissue, paper,
napkins, woven and nonwoven substrates, towels, wipes, and cotton
balls. The package dispenser could also be used with clothes for
stain removal purposes. Suitable substrates can comprise personal,
cosmetic or sanitary wipes, baby wipes, hand wipes, wipes used in
car cleaning, household or institutional cleaning or maintenance,
computer cleaning and maintenance and any other area in which a
flexible substrate having a useful liquid treatment composition has
application. These substates (tissues or wipes) can be made from
simple nonwovens, complex nonwovens or treated, high-strength
durable materials. The substrate can be two-sided or have a barrier
so that only one side is wet with the composition upon use. Such
substrates are described in U.S. Pat. App. 2005/0079987 to
Cartwright et al.
Compositions
[0087] The composition can contain virtually any useful liquid
compositions. Simple liquids such as water, alcohol, solvent, etc.
can be useful in a variety of end uses, particularly cleaning and
simple wiping applications. The liquid can be a simple cleaner,
maintenance item or a personal care liquid suitable for
dermatological contact with an adult, child or infant. Such
compositions can be used in hospitals, schools, offices, kitchens,
secretarial stations, etc. The compositions can also comprise more
complex liquids in the forms of solutions, suspensions or emulsions
of active materials in a liquid base. In this regard, such
compositions can be active materials dissolved in an alcoholic
base, aqueous solutions, water in oil emulsions, oil in water
emulsions, etc. Such compositions can be cleaning materials,
sanitizing materials, or personal care materials intended for
contact with human skin, hair, nails, etc. Cleaning compositions
used generally for routine cleaning operations not involving
contact with human skin can often contain a variety of ingredients
including, in aqueous or solvent base, a soil-removing surfactant,
sequestrants, perfumes, etc. in relatively well-known formulations.
Sanitizing compositions can contain aqueous or alcoholic solutions
containing sanitizing materials such as triclosan, hexachlorophene,
betadine, quaternary ammonium compounds, oxidizing agents, acidic
agents, and other similar materials. Such compositions can be
designed for treating or soothing human skin, including
moisturizers, cleansing creams and lotions, cleansers for oily
skin, deodorants, antiperspirants, baby-care products, sun block,
sun screen, cosmetic-removing formula, insect repellent, etc.
Moisturizer materials are preparations that reduce water loss or
the appearance of water loss from skin. Cleansing creams or lotions
can be developed that can permit the formulation to dissolve or
lift away soil pigments, grime and dead skin cells. These creams or
lotions can also be enhanced to improve removability of makeup and
other skin soils. Cleaners for oily skin are often augmented with
ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol to increase the ability of the
cleaner to remove excess oily residue. Deodorants and
antiperspirants often contain, in an aqueous base, dispersions or
emulsions comprising aluminum, zinc or zirconium compounds.
[0088] The composition may contain one or more additional
surfactants selected from nonionic, anionic, cationic, ampholytic,
amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof. A
typical listing of anionic, ampholytic, and zwitterionic classes,
and species of these surfactants, is given in U.S. Pat. No.
3,929,678 to Laughlin and Heuring. A list of suitable cationic
surfactants is given in U.S. Pat. No. 4,259,217 to Murphy. Where
present, anionic, ampholytic, amphotenic and zwitteronic
surfactants are generally used in combination with one or more
nonionic surfactants. The surfactants may be present at a level of
from about 0% to 90%, or from about 0.001% to 50%, or from about
0.01% to 25% by weight.
[0089] The compositions may contain suitable organic solvents
including, but are not limited to, C.sub.1-6 alkanols, C.sub.1-6
diols, C.sub.1-10 alkyl ethers of alkylene glycols, C.sub.3-24
alkylene glycol ethers, polyalkylene glycols, short chain
carboxylic acids, short chain esters, isoparafinic hydrocarbons,
mineral spirits, alkylaromatics, terpenes, terpene derivatives,
terpenoids, terpenoid derivatives, formaldehyde, and pyrrolidones.
Alkanols include, but are not limited to, methanol, ethanol,
n-propanol, isopropanol, butanol, pentanol, and hexanol, and
isomers thereof. Diols include, but are not limited to, methylene,
ethylene, propylene and butylene glycols. Alkylene glycol ethers
include, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether,
ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether,
diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl
ether, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, propylene glycol methyl
ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol n-propyl
ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol t-butyl
ether, di- or tri-polypropylene glycol methyl or ethyl or propyl or
butyl ether, acetate and propionate esters of glycol ethers. Short
chain carboxylic acids include, but are not limited to, acetic
acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid and propionic acid. Short chain
esters include, but are not limited to, glycol acetate, and cyclic
or linear volatile methylsiloxanes. Water insoluble solvents such
as isoparafinic hydrocarbons, mineral spirits, alkylaromatics,
terpenoids, terpenoid derivatives, terpenes, and terpenes
derivatives can be mixed with a water-soluble solvent when
employed. The solvents can be present at a level of from 0.001% to
10%, or from 0.01% to 10%, or from 1% to 4% by weight.
[0090] The compositions optionally contain one or more of the
following adjuncts: stain and soil repellants, lubricants, odor
control agents, perfumes, fragrances and fragrance release agents,
and bleaching agents. Other adjuncts include, but are not limited
to, acids, electrolytes, dyes and/or colorants, solubilizing
materials, stabilizers, thickeners, defoamers, hydrotropes, cloud
point modifiers, preservatives, and other polymers. The
solubilizing materials, when used, include, but are not limited to,
hydrotropes (e.g. water soluble salts of low molecular weight
organic acids such as the sodium and/or potassium salts of toluene,
cumene, and xylene sulfonic acid). The acids, when used, include,
but are not limited to, organic hydroxy acids, citric acids, keto
acid, and the like. Suitable organic acid can be selected from the
group consisting of citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, salicylic
acid, acetic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, hydroxyacetic acid,
dehydroacetic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid,
succinic acid, propionic acid, aconitic acid, sorbic acid, benzoic
acid, gluconic acid, ascorbic acid, alanine, lysine, and mixtures
thereof. Electrolytes, when used, include, calcium, sodium and
potassium chloride. Thickeners, when used, include, but are not
limited to, polyacrylic acid, xanthan gum, calcium carbonate,
aluminum oxide, alginates, guar gum, methyl, ethyl, clays, and/or
propyl hydroxycelluloses. Defoamers, when used, include, but are
not limited to, silicones, aminosilicones, silicone blends, and/or
silicone/hydrocarbon blends. Bleaching agents, when used, include,
but are not limited to, peracids, hypohalite sources, hydrogen
peroxide, and/or sources of hydrogen peroxide. When cleaning food
contact surfaces, compositions for use herein may contain only
materials that are food grade or GRAS, including, of course, direct
food additives affirmed as GRAS, to protect against possible misuse
by the consumer.
[0091] Preservatives, when used, include, but are not limited to,
mildewstat or bacteriostat, methyl, ethyl and propyl parabens,
short chain organic acids (e.g. acetic, lactic and/or glycolic
acids), bisguanidine compounds (e.g. Dantagard.RTM. and/or
Glydant.RTM.) and/or short chain alcohols (e.g. ethanol and/or
IPA). The mildewstat or bacteriostat includes, but is not limited
to, mildewstats (including non-isothiazolone compounds) include
Kathon.RTM. GC, a 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one,
Kathon.RTM. ICP, a 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and a blend
thereof, and Kathon.RTM. 886, a
5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, all available from Rohm and
Haas Company; BRONOPOL.RTM., a 2-bromo-2-nitropropane 1, 3 diol,
from Boots Company Ltd., PROXELL.RTM. CRL, a
propyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, from ICI PLC; NIPASOL.RTM. M, an
o-phenyl-phenol, Na.sup.+ salt, from Nipa Laboratories Ltd.,
DOWICIDEL.RTM. A, a 1,2-Benzoisothiazolin-3-one, from Dow Chemical
Co., and IRGASAN.RTM.DP200, a
2,4,4'-trichloro-2-hydroxydiphenylether, from Ciba-Geigy A.G.
[0092] The compositions can contain antimicrobial agents, including
2-hydroxycarboxylic acids and other ingredients, including
quaternary ammonium compounds and phenolics. Non-limiting examples
of these quaternary compounds include benzalkonium chlorides and/or
substituted benzalkonium chlorides, di(C6-C14)alkyl di-short chain
(C 1-4 alkyl and/or hydroxyalkl) quaternaryammonium salts,
N-(3-chloroallyl) hexaminium chlorides, benzethonium chloride,
methylbenzethonium chloride, and cetylpyridinium chloride. Other
quaternary compounds include the group consisting of
dialkyldimethyl ammonium chlorides, alkyl dimethylbenzylammonium
chlorides, dialkylmethyl-benzylammonium chlorides, and mixtures
thereof. Biguanide antimicrobial actives including, but not limited
to polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, p-chlorophenyl
biguanide; 4-chlorobenzhydryl biguanide, halogenated hexidine such
as, but not limited to, chlorhexidine (1,1'-hexamethylene
-bis-5-(4-chlorophenyl biguanide) and its salts are also in this
class. Another class of antibacterial agents, which are useful in
the present invention, are the so-called "natural" antibacterial
actives, referred to as natural essential oils. These actives
derive their names from their natural occurrence in plants. Typical
natural essential oil antibacterial actives include oils of anise,
lemon, orange, rosemary, wintergreen, thyme, lavender, cloves,
hops, tea tree, citronella, wheat, barley, lemongrass, cedar leaf,
cedarwood, cinnamon, fleagrass, geranium, sandalwood, violet,
cranberry, eucalyptus, vervain, peppermint, gum benzoin, basil,
fennel, fir, balsam, menthol, ocmea origanum, Hydastis
carradenisis, Berberidaceae daceae , Ratanhiae and Curcunta longa.
Also included in this class of natural essential oils are the key
chemical components of the plant oils which have been found to
provide the antimicrobial benefit. These chemicals include, but are
not limited to anethol, catechole, camphene, carvacol, eugenol,
eucalyptol, ferulic acid, farnesol, hinokitiol, tropolone,
limonene, menthol, methyl salicylate, thymol, terpineol, verbenone,
berberine, ratanhiae extract, caryophellene oxide, citronellic
acid, curcumin, nerolidol and geraniol. Other suitable
antimicrobial actives include antibacterial metal salts. This class
generally includes salts of metals in groups 3b-7b, 8 and 3a-5a.
Specifically are the salts of aluminum, zirconium, zinc, silver,
gold, copper, lanthanum, tin, mercury, bismuth, selenium,
strontium, scandium, yttrium, cerium, praseodymiun, neodymium,
promethum, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium,
holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium and mixtures
thereof
[0093] When the composition is an aqueous composition, water can
be, along with the solvent, a predominant ingredient. The water
should be present at a level of less than 99.9%, more preferably
less than about 99%, and most preferably, less than about 98%.
Deionized water is preferred. Where the cleaning composition is
concentrated, the water may be present in the composition at a
concentration of less than about 85 wt. %.
[0094] The dispenser can be used to transfer a wide variety of
compositions to a substrate. These compositions include hard
surface cleaners and sanitizers, personal care cleaners and other
products, hand sanitizers, dish soap, laundry pre-treater, food
products such as marinades, car products such as cleaners or
protectants, and baby care products such as baby lotion. Also,
suitable are compositions, such as hypochlorite especially dilute
(below 500 ppm) hypochlorite, that lack good stability on nonwoven
substrates. Other examples of compositions that may lack stability
are quaternary ammonium disinfectants or metal ions that can bind
to nonwoven substrates.
[0095] In one embodiment, the substrate can undergo a color change
or other physical property change during the process of application
using the dispenser or during the cleaning process. These changes
can include color change due to the addition of a colorless
cleaner/disinfectant, color change due to the addition of a
composition containing a dye, color change when dye is
thermochromic, and changes over time as solvent evaporates to cool
the wipe, a color change due to reaction of solvent with a
pre-bound species (e.g. transition metals) on the wipe, texture
changes in the non-woven, and the impact of the using a dyed or
patterned non-woven. The composition or substrate can incorporate
solvatochromic dyes to indicate the presence of bacteria as
described in U.S. Pat. App. 2005/0130253. In one embodiment, the
composition contains a dye that interacts with proteins or
bacterial on surfaces to indicate whether the surface is
substantially free of soil (protein) or bacteria. In one
embodiment, the soil or bacteria is detected on the substrate. In
one embodiment, the soil or bacteria is detected on the surface.
Colorimetric assays utilizing sampling devices for the detection of
protein in biological samples are commonly used across various
industries (biotech, healthcare, food, etc). These sampling devices
require minimal manipulation of the protein-containing samples and
allow for rapid qualitative and quantitative results. Among the
various available calorimetric protein assays is one disclosed in
U.S. Pat. No. 4,839,295 to Smith, incorporated herein in its
entirety, that utilizes a Bicinchonic Acid (BCA) protein assay.
This assay is based on the initial complexation of Copper [II],
hereinafter Cu.sup.++ or cupric ion, with protein peptides under
alkaline conditions, with the reduction to Copper [I], hereinafter
Cu.sup.- or the cuprous ion, in a concentration-dependent manner.
The ligand BCA is then added in excess, and a purple color develops
(562 nm peak absorbance) upon binding of BCA with Cu.sup.+.
Suitable detection devices are described in U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 11/397,522 to Cumberland et al. filed Apr. 3, 2006 and
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/427,469 to Cumberland et al.
filed Jun. 29, 2006.
Methods of Use
[0096] Consumers enjoy the ease of use of the invention for reasons
such as it utilizes cleaners differently, provides control such as
no overspray, can be used one-handed, is compatible with wide
variety of substrates, utilizes direct application so that no
particles are aerosolized into the air, allows easy multi-tasking
with other household activities, and is not limited by number of
doses or wipes. Because of this flexibility, the consumer has more
control to make the exact use conditions suitable to the task.
[0097] The dispensing package can be used as a one-handed method of
cleaning a surface, where the consumer grabs a substrate in her
hand, pushes the substrate down on the reciprocating actuator top
of the dispensing package with her hand, allows the actuator top to
come up and discharge a cleaning composition from the dispensing
package to the substrate, and wipes the surface with the substrate.
The substrate can be a paper towel, facial tissue, sheet of toilet
tissue, a napkin, a sponge, a towel, the consumer's fingers or any
other suitable woven or nonwoven substrate. Because the cleaning
task takes only one hand, the other hand is free to perform another
activity, such as holding a telephone, eating a snack and the task
can be done quickly and easily without carrying the dispensing
package to the area of the task.
[0098] Because the consumer is unfamiliar with the one-handed
method of cleaning a surface, certain use indications on the
dispensing package, any exterior packaging, or on advertising may
be necessary to provide the consumer instant instruction on the use
of the dispensing package. In one embodiment, a hand is depicted
over the dispensing package. In another embodiment, a hand holding
a substrate is depicted over the dispensing package. In another
embodiment, a hand holding a substrate (with an arrow pointing
down) is depicted over the dispensing package, as shown in FIG.
9.
[0099] This method of cleaning of the invention has several
advantages. If the consumer is preparing dinner and using one hand
to contact raw food such as chicken that may contain
microorganisms, then the consumer can use the other hand to do
one-handed cleaning and disinfection of the food preparation
surface, such as a countertop. Using a traditional cleaning
product, such as a spray bottle and paper towel, the consumer picks
up the spray bottle with the hand that has been potentially
contaminated with microorganisms and transfers those microorganisms
to the spray bottle. If the spray bottle or other product dispenser
is contaminated with microorganisms, then the consumer can pick up
and transfer microorganisms from the product dispenser. In the case
of the one-handed method of the invention, the consumer contacts
the product dispenser only at the actuator component which
dispenses the disinfecting composition. In this case, there is less
likelihood of transmission of microorganisms from dispenser to
hands or from hands to dispenser.
[0100] Another advantage of the method and package of the present
invention is control during delivery of the composition. With
traditional spray dispensers, the consumer must attempt to fit the
spray pattern of the spray bottle dispenser to the area to be
cleaned. Frequently, the cleaning surface contains additional
items, such as food or decorative items, which the consumer may not
wish to contact with the cleaning composition. With the method and
dispenser package of the invention, the consumer can controllably
apply the composition to the substrate and then controllably apply
the substrate containing the composition to the cleaning surface.
If the consumer were to try spraying the substrate with a
traditional spray dispenser, then some of the composition would be
aerosolized into the air and some of the composition would miss the
substrate and contact other surfaces such as the hand or food
items.
[0101] Another area of concern for consumers is microorganism
contaminated surfaces within the bathroom, especially around the
toilet area. Consumers have ready access to toilet tissue but no
ready mechanism to use it for spot cleaning. The method of the
invention allows the consumer to use toilet tissue, which has
limited wet strength and scrubbing strength, to spot clean surfaces
around the toilet and other bathroom surfaces without using two
hands and without having to pick up the dispensing package. With a
suitable composition within the dispensing package, the consumer
may also use the dispensing package and method of the invention for
personal hygiene use.
[0102] With traditional dispensers such as trigger sprayers, the
consumer has limited ability to control the pattern of dispensing
the composition onto a surface or a substrate. In one case, the
substrate, such as sponges, may be rectangular and the dispensing
system may deliver a circular application of product. To
effectively apply product to a substrate, such as a sponge, it may
be desirable to apply the composition in a rectangular or oval
fashion, where the applied product is dispersed more in one
dimension than in the other dimension. Additionally, with the hand
or a paper towel in a hand or a toilet tissue in a hand, it may
also be desirable to apply the composition to the substrate in a
non-circular fashion or where one dimension is greater than
another. The method of the invention has the advantage that with a
properly designed actuator component and orifices in the activator
component, it may be possible to apply a non-circular pattern with
one hand motion.
[0103] Some suitable substrates will not be stable long-term to all
suitable compositions, for example toilet tissue or a sheet of
facial tissue quickly loses its tensile strength when saturated
with cleaning composition. Therefore, it is most suitable to wet
the toilet tissue or facial tissue just before use. In some cases,
the substrate loses at least 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%,
or 90% peak dry tensile strength in machine or cross direction upon
being loaded to full saturation with the composition. Peak dry
tensile strength is the maximum load that a substrate can bear
before breakingrupturing under tension. With the method of the
invention, these substrates may be useful for spot cleaning.
[0104] Other compositions are not stable on typical substrates, for
example hypochlorite, especially dilute hypochlorite, is not
storage stable on most nonwoven substrates as described in U.S.
Pat. No. 7,008,600 to Katsigras et al. Additionally, compositions
of very high or low pH are not generally storage stable on wipes or
paper towels. Disinfectant compositions containing quaternary
ammonium disinfectants or other cationic disinfectants bind to most
nonwovens, especially cellulosic nonwovens, on storage so that they
are not effectively released. The extent of binding can be measured
by a quaternary recovery measurement on the wet substrate. The
liquid squozate is acquired from the substrate by centrifugation
after a seven day minimum requisite time of substrate-lotion
equilibration. Substrates are put into a centrifuged tube for
analysis, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min, and the liquid
analyzed by HPLC. At equilibrium, the quaternary disinfectant show
substantial binding to the substrate, for example, at least 10%, or
20%, or 30%, or 40%, or 50% by weight. However, the method of the
invention, since it is quick and easy, lends itself to use of
unstable substrates and unstable compositions, which may not be
suitable under other methods of use.
[0105] The present invention relates to disinfecting compositions
which can be used to disinfect various surfaces including inanimate
surfaces such as hard surfaces like walls, tiles, floors,
countertops, tables, glass, bathroom surfaces, and kitchen
surfaces. The hard-surfaces to treat with the compositions herein
are those typically found in houses like kitchens, bathrooms, e.g.,
tiles, walls, floors, chrome, glass, smooth vinyl, any plastic,
plasticized wood, table top, sinks, cooker tops, dishes, sanitary
fittings such as sinks, showers, shower curtains, wash basins,
toilets and the like. Hard-surfaces also include household
appliances including, but not limited to, refrigerators, freezers,
washing machines, automatic dryers, ovens, microwave ovens,
dishwashers and so on.
[0106] The dispenser package can be used around the house, for
example, on kitchen or bathroom surfaces. The dispenser package can
be used in public places, for example, in schools and school
classrooms. For use around food, a food safe cleaner or
disinfectant is suitable. The dispenser package allows the user to
quickly apply a sanitizing or cleaning solution to everyday
cleaning tools, such as sponges, paper towels, toilet paper, facial
tissue, etc. When applied, the sanitizing or cleaning solution
transforms the everyday cleaning tool into effective cleaning or
sanitizing tools.
Additional Embodiments
[0107] In one embodiment, the package dispenser is a small
palm-sized pouch of liquid cleaner that can be attached to any
surface (e.g., side of a paper towel or facial tissue dispenser,
under a cabinet, on a refrigerator, etc.) using dual-sided magnets
or adhesive. A touch valve releases cleaner onto your paper towel,
toilet paper, sponge, rag, etc. when pressure is applied. It then
automatically stops dispensing when pressure is relieved to prevent
dripping. The unit contains one cleaning packet with adhesive
backing and/or two magnets so that the consumer can attach the
cleaner packet to any surface using dual-sided magnets. The
consumer peels off backing of adhesive strip from cleaning packet,
and attaches the packet to the first magnet and positions the
cleaning packet in the ideal location. If the surface is not
metallic, the consumer can place the second magnet directly behind
surface where cleaner is positioned to hold cleaning packet in
place.
[0108] In one embodiment, the package dispenser is both a gel and
mist cleaner. This dispenser is a dual dispensing cleaner that
allows you to dispense one cleaner or two different cleaners in two
different forms, a gel and a mist or spray. The package has a gel
pump on top that works with a top actuator component as described
previously and a liquid misting sprayer on the side. The unit
contains one cleaning bottle and optionally a wall mounting base
and attachments. To use this embodiment, press and pump your paper
towel on the cleaning gel actuator component. To use the misting
spray, squeeze the trigger on the side.
[0109] In one embodiment, the package dispenser is a discreet and
mountable cleaner dispenser. This package is a mountable cleaning
product package with a press and pump dispenser. The package is
thin and discreet, about the size of a flattened tissue box. It can
be mounted horizontally or vertically with adhesive to surface of
your choice (e.g., under cabinets, side of counter, side of toilet
tank, etc.). The unit contains one package dispenser with adhesive
back. In another embodiment, the package dispenser is a hangable
cleaner that can be hung anywhere (e.g., shower door/curtain rod,
towel rack, kitchen cabinet, shower head, etc.) with the hook on
top. The dispenser has a valve on the bottom of the bottle that
releases the composition when the actuator component is pushed.
[0110] In one embodiment, the package dispenser is a mountable or
counter standing dispenser that automatically dispenses the
composition onto your paper towel, toilet paper, sponge, rag, etc.
A sensor on the package dispenser works to activate the actuator
component when you hold your paper towel, toilet paper, sponge,
rag, etc. under or over the actuator component. The unit package
can contain wall-mounting and counter-holding suction cups,
dispensing machine, refillable cleaner cartridge and battery. In
one embodiment, this package dispenser is plugged into an outlet to
run the sensor and pump.
[0111] In one embodiment, the package dispenser can be stamped
directly onto the cleaning or treatment surface. The consumer
presses the entire bottle onto surface so that actuator depresses
and product is applied directly to the surface. The consumer can
then use whatever substrate she prefers to distribute composition
around the surface. The package dispenser can be stored with the
actuator component either facing up or down near the surface. If
the actuator component faces down to the surface, it would be more
ergonomic to apply because the consumer would not have to turn it
upside down and twist their wrist. Where it is desirable to leave
the composition on the surface for a desired treatment time, such
as in fabric stain treatment or some personal care treatments, the
composition can be applied directly with the package dispenser and
then later treated with the substrate.
[0112] In one embodiment, the package dispenser is paper towel
holder. The package dispenser can fit in the center of a paper
towel or toilet paper role. The actuator component sticks out the
top of the roll. The consumer can then easily remove a substrate
from the roll and apply product to the substrate. In one
embodiment, package dispenser is an aerosolized bottle that
provides one-touch application of composition to the substrate. The
consumer could press and hold substrate to actuator component until
the desired amount of composition was on substrate.
[0113] In one embodiment, the product or package contains
directions to store the substrate on top of the package, for
example a sponge on top of dispensing package actuator. In one
embodiment, the product or package includes the dispensing package
and substrates sold together, for example paper towels with the
dispensing package. In one embodiment, several dispensing packages
are bundled in multi-packs, for example a dispensing package
containing dish soap and a dispensing package containing a kitchen
cleaner. In one example, the dispensing package is sold with one or
more refills.
[0114] While this detailed description includes specific examples
according to the invention, those skilled in the art will
appreciate that there are many variations of these examples that
would nevertheless fall within the general scope of the invention
and for which protection is sought in the appended claims.
* * * * *