U.S. patent application number 11/501149 was filed with the patent office on 2008-05-29 for catheter balloons with integrated non-distensible seals.
Invention is credited to Alfred A. Alpini, Carey V. Campbell, Sherif Eskaros, David R. King, Joesph E. Korleski, James William Mann, Lonzo C McLaughlin, Kenneth Newcomb, Peter J. Roeber.
Application Number | 20080125711 11/501149 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38695540 |
Filed Date | 2008-05-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080125711 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Alpini; Alfred A. ; et
al. |
May 29, 2008 |
Catheter balloons with integrated non-distensible seals
Abstract
A catheter balloon with integral non-distending regions having a
plurality of layers which wind around the balloon material and
overlap to form an angle of between 45 and 90 degrees relative to
each other upon inflation, and methods of making the non-distending
regions are provided.
Inventors: |
Alpini; Alfred A.;
(Landenberg, PA) ; Campbell; Carey V.; (Flagstaff,
AZ) ; Eskaros; Sherif; (Elkton, MD) ; King;
David R.; (Lake Como, NJ) ; Korleski; Joesph E.;
(Newark, DE) ; Mann; James William; (Elkton,
MD) ; McLaughlin; Lonzo C; (Middletown, DE) ;
Newcomb; Kenneth; (Wilmington, DE) ; Roeber; Peter
J.; (Wallingford, PA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
GORE ENTERPRISE HOLDINGS, INC.
551 PAPER MILL ROAD, P. O. BOX 9206
NEWARK
DE
19714-9206
US
|
Family ID: |
38695540 |
Appl. No.: |
11/501149 |
Filed: |
August 7, 2006 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
604/103.06 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M 2025/1004 20130101;
A61M 2025/1084 20130101; A61M 2025/1031 20130101; A61M 2025/1075
20130101; A61M 25/1002 20130101; A61M 25/1011 20130101; A61M
25/0009 20130101; A61M 2025/1059 20130101; A61M 25/1029
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
604/103.06 |
International
Class: |
A61M 25/10 20060101
A61M025/10 |
Claims
1. A catheter balloon comprising at least one balloon material and
at least one integral non-distending region comprising a plurality
of layers which wind around the balloon material and overlap to
form an angle of between 0 and 90 degrees relative to each other
upon inflation at an angle that reduces the compliance of said
region.
2. The balloon of claim 1 wherein said non-distending region is
located between two or more balloon material layers.
3. The balloon of claim 1 wherein said non-distending region is
located on the surface of a balloon material.
4. The balloon of claim 1 wherein said plurality of non-distending
layers form non-distending regions.
5. The balloon of claim 4 wherein said plurality of non-distending
layers impart a shape to the balloon material upon inflation.
6. The balloon of claim 1 wherein the non-distending regions impart
a form to the balloon that renders the balloon non-cylindrical.
7. The balloon of claim 1 wherein the length of the non-distending
region is wider than the final diameter of the balloon.
8. The balloon of claim 1 wherein the length of the non-distending
region is narrower than final diameter of balloon.
9. The balloon of claim 1 wherein the non-distending regions is
polytetrafluoroethylene.
10. The balloon of claim 9 wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene is
wrapped so that an angle of between 0 and 90 degrees is achieved
upon inflation which reduces load on the seal of the inflated
balloon when attached to a catheter.
11. The balloon of claim 1 wherein said non-distending regions are
made from dissimilar material than the balloon.
12. The balloon of claim 1 wherein said non-distending regions are
made from the same material as the balloon.
13. A balloon catheter comprising a catheter shaft and a catheter
balloon comprising at least one balloon material and at least one
non-distending region comprising a plurality of elastomer-imbibed
polytetrafluoroethylene layers which wind around the balloon
material and overlap to form an angle of between 0 and 90 degrees
relative to each other upon inflation and retain pressure in the
balloon.
14. A method of forming a continuous integrated seal on an
inflatable balloon comprising: a. providing a first balloon
material layer configured to form a desired balloon shape; b.
wrapping a wrap layer around said first balloon material layer; c.
changing angle of the wrap to wrap at least one layer at an angle
sufficient to create a seal over the first balloon material layer;
d. wrapping a second balloon material layer around the seal to
increase the bonding surface area of the seal; and e. forming an
integrated non-distensible region upon inflation.
15. A method of forming a continuous exposed integrated seal on an
inflatable balloon comprising: a. providing a balloon material
layer configured to form a desired balloon shape; b. wrapping at
least two layers of a wrap around said first balloon material
layer; c. changing angle to wrap one layer at an angle to the next
layer sufficient to create a seal over a first balloon material
layer; and d. forming an integrated non-distensible region on an
inflatable balloon.
16. A method of forming a discontinuous non-exposed integrated seal
on an inflatable balloon comprising: a. providing a first balloon
material layer configured to form a desired balloon shape; b.
wrapping at least one layer of a second wrap around said first wrap
at an angle sufficient to create a seal over a first balloon
material layer; c. wrapping a second balloon material layer around
the seal to increase the bonding surface area of the seal; and d.
forming an integrated non-distensible region in an inflatable
balloon.
17. A method of forming a discontinuous exposed integrated seal on
an inflatable balloon comprising: a. providing a first balloon
material layer configured to form a desired balloon shape; b.
wrapping at least one layer of a second wrap around said first wrap
at an angle sufficient to create a seal over a first balloon
material layer; and c. forming an integrated non-distensible region
on an inflatable balloon.
18. The balloon of claim 1 wherein the catheter shaft comprises
ridges in contact with the integral non-distending of the
balloon.
19. The balloon of claim 1 wherein the length of the non-distending
region is equal to final diameter of balloon
20. A balloon of claim 1 where the non-distensible regions provide
a diffused burst event with non-catastrophic seal failure.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to balloon catheters and, more
particularly, to a non-shortening wrapped balloon configured to
expand with essential radial symmetry to a predetermined diameter
upon application of a predetermined pressure thereto.
[0002] Balloon catheters are well known in the art. Such catheters
are employed in a variety of medical procedures, including dilation
of narrowed blood vessels, placement of stents and other implants,
temporary occlusion of blood vessels, and other vascular uses.
[0003] In a typical application, the balloon is advanced to the
desired location in the vascular system. The balloon is then
pressure-expanded in accordance with a medical procedure.
Thereafter, the pressure is removed from the balloon, allowing the
balloon to contract and permit removal of the catheter. It is to be
appreciated that the balloon is usually formed of an elastomeric
material which is readily pressure-expanded, yet will also readily
contract upon removal of the inflation pressure.
[0004] Procedures such as these are generally considered minimally
invasive, and are often performed in a manner which minimizes
disruption to the patient's body. As a result, catheters are often
inserted from a location remote from the region to be treated. For
example, during angioplasty procedures involving coronary vessels,
the balloon catheter is typically inserted into the femoral artery
in the groin region of the patient, and then advanced through such
vessel into the coronary region of the patient. It is also common
to have the length of the balloon change during inflation causing
placement problems during procedures. Additionally, catheters have
been unable to deliver balloons with large diameter expansion
capability due to the need for a low profile and sustained
pressures.
[0005] The present invention provides an improvement in balloon
sealing techniques and reduction in seal profiles. Further, it is
believed that further improvements in balloon performance can be
achieved by modifying the mounting techniques, such as to provide a
controlled failure mechanism.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The present invention provides catheter balloons comprising
at least one balloon material and at least one integral
non-distending region. The non-distending region comprises a
plurality of layers which wind around the balloon material at a
high angle of between 45 and 90 degrees relative to the
longitudinal axis. The individual layers overlap at an opposing
angle of between 45 and 135 degrees to the longitudinal axis upon
inflation. The non-distending region is able to shape the balloon
or provide an improved region to seal the balloon to a catheter
upon inflation.
[0007] While the specific angles above are used as a general
reference, the angle of the wrap can vary depending upon the
desired attributes of the finished balloon. Several different areas
of differing wrap angles may exist on one balloon. For instance, a
continuous wrap may be utilized which forms a plurality of
distensible balloon material passes which wind around the
longitudinal axis at a lower angle than the angle observed for
non-distending or less distensible regions of the balloon of the
present invention. The less distensible regions may impart desired
shape to the balloon, while the non-distending regions may be
utilized to seal the balloon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of a balloon material layer
used to create a non-distensible seal.
[0009] FIG. 2 shows a core wire with a fluoropolymer coating used
to create a wrapped balloon.
[0010] FIG. 3 shows balloon with a non-distending seal present on
the exterior of a balloon material layer.
[0011] FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of a balloon with a
non-distending region formed between balloon layer materials.
[0012] FIG. 5 shows a cross-section of the layer construction of a
balloon with multiple non-distending regions formed between balloon
layer materials.
[0013] FIG. 6 shows an uninflated shaped composite balloon with
non-distending regions formed between balloon layer materials.
[0014] FIG. 7 shows a catheter balloon at a final diameter with
non-distensible regions.
[0015] FIG. 8 shows multiple catheter balloons formed in a single
structure and separated by non-distensible regions.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0016] The present invention describes a wrapped balloon with
distensible and non-distensible regions suited for a seal on a
catheter balloon. A catheter balloon of the present invention
comprises at least one balloon material and at least one integral
non-distending region comprising a plurality of non-distensible
layers which wind around the balloon material. The non-distending
regions comprise a plurality of layers which are wound around the
balloon material at a high angle of between 45 and 90 degrees
relative to the longitudinal axis. The individual layers overlap at
an opposing angle of between 0 and 45 degrees to the longitudinal
axis upon inflation. While the specific angles above are used as a
general reference, the angle of the wrap can vary depending upon
the desired attributes of the finished balloon. Several different
areas of differing wrap angles may exist on one balloon. For
instance, a continuous wrap may be utilized which forms a plurality
of distensible balloon material layers which wind around the
longitudinal axis at a lower angle than the angle observed for
non-distending or less distensible regions of the balloon of the
present invention. The less distensible regions may impart desired
shape to the balloon, while the non-distending regions may be
utilized to seal the balloon. The non-distending regions are
incorporated or integrated into the surface of the balloon wall,
into the balloon wall, or under the outer most surface of the
balloon wall. The non-distending regions are in direct continuity
with the balloon wall and are virtually indistinguishable in form
from the balloon wall in an uninflated state. The non-distending
regions are focal regions which are resistant to radial dilatation
allowing for the sealing of an inflated balloon to an underlying
catheter shaft or the imparting of non-cylindrical shapes to an
inflated balloon.
[0017] FIG. 1 shows an example of a film used to create an
integrated non-distensible seal on a balloon. By the term
"non-distensible" it is meant that the material has a structure
that is significantly less compliant under distention force than a
distensible main body of the balloon and preferably the material
will undergo little or no change in dimensions upon introduction of
distention force. The balloons are created by wrapping material
layers into passes circumferentially about a longitudinal axis. An
individual pass is comprised of one or more layers of material
which are laid at similar angles in relation to the longitudinal
axis of the balloon. A layer is considered to be one thickness of
balloon material which may be wrapped, folded, laid or weaved over,
around, beside or under another thickness. A longitudinal pass
comprises a distinctive layer or series of layers of material which
are wound to form a region or area distinct from surrounding or
adjoining parts. For instance, a pass may comprise multiple layers
of balloon material wrapped at a 90 degree angle relative to the
longitudinal axis. This exemplary pass may then be flanked by
layers of balloon material wrapped at dissimilar angles in relation
to the longitudinal axis, thus defining the boundary of the 90
degree angle wrapped pass. It is important to note that a pass may
span the entire length of the balloon or may in certain instances,
such as non-distending regions, span only a partial length of the
balloon. The balloon material layers in FIG. 1 comprise a composite
film 3 which is then wrapped to form the balloon structure. The
balloon material layers may comprise a laminate, elastomer,
fluoropolymer, low modulus polymer, PEBA, a highly oriented fibrous
reinforcing polymer such as PTFE or expanded PTFE (ePTFE),
polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, nylon or any other suitable
material or combination of materials. The balloon material layer
may be wrapped in a manner to incorporate a wrapped or integrated
seal into the balloon structure using a continuous strand of a
single composite film or material for both the balloon material
layer and the at least one integral non-distending region.
Alternatively, the balloon material layer may be a different
material from the non-distending region wrap material. Suitable
non-distensible region wrap materials include fibers, metals,
wires, bands, elastomers, or any other suitable non-distensible
seal materials or combinations of materials.
[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the balloon
material and the non-distending region wrap material are comprised
of the same film. The film is a composite film comprised of a
membrane 1 and a coating 2. The membrane may be made in accordance
with the general teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 5,476,589 or U.S.
patent application Ser. No. 11/334,243. In one preferred
embodiment, an ePTFE membrane 1 is longitudinally expanded to a
ratio of 80 to 1, and more preferably 55 to 1. The preferred
membrane 1 is further transversely expanded to a ratio of 20 to 1
and more preferably 2.25 to 1, to produce a thin strong membrane.
Isotropic films may also be employed to create a non-distensible
seal. The mass and thickness of the membrane can vary depending
upon the desired application. The membrane is coated with a sealing
material to imbibe the matrix of the membrane and produce a
composite film with an extended sealing material coating on one or
both sides of the membrane to form an imbibed ePTFE membrane. In
one preferred embodiment the membrane alone exhibits a mass of
approximately 2.0 to 6.5 g/m.sup.2, preferably 2.7 to 4.5 g/m.sup.2
and a tensile strength may vary but is preferably of between 3.9
and 7.6 lbs./inch. In certain embodiments, it may be desirable to
have increased tensile strengths exceeding 7.6 lbs./inch. Thickness
of the membrane may also range, but is preferably between 2.5 to 10
micrometers.
[0019] As shown in FIG. 1 when an imbibed composite film 3 is used,
it is desirable that the membrane comprises open spaces throughout
the entire membrane, such as an ePTFE membrane, or other material
comprising an open matrix. It is also preferable that the sealing
material is an elastomer, polyurethane, polymer coating, styrenic
block copolymer, adhesives or other suitable material. In one
preferred embodiment, the sealing material is a polyurethane. The
coated membrane produces a composite film with an amount of a
sealing material forming a coating on at least one side of the
membrane and the remainder of the sealing material imbibed
throughout the membrane. The total polymer weight application may
range, but in one preferred embodiment is between 40% to 60% of the
total final composite film weight.
[0020] FIGS. 2-8 show a core wire 4 which may be coated with a
release coating 5 (as shown) and then wrapped with a balloon
material layer 6. As shown in FIG. 3, a composite film 3 is slit to
a narrow width (i.e., 1-10 mm), and then wrapped around a balloon
material layer a plurality of times to result in a non-distensible
seal forming a non-distensible region 8. A cross-section of a
non-distensible layer 7 is shown in FIG. 4. The core wire 4 is
coated with a release coating 5 then wrapped with balloon material
layer 6 and non-distensible layer 7. In one embodiment shown in
FIGS. 3 and 4, the non-distensible region 8 is formed by wrapping a
discontinuous longitudinal region of balloon with a film a
plurality of times at an angle of approximately 90 degrees from the
longitudinal axis over-top of a distensible layer 6 of composite
film 3 wrapped at a low angle of between 2 to 45 degrees and
preferably of between 4 to 5 degrees from the longitudinal axis.
The non-distensible layer 7 of composite film may be sized and/or
wrapped to a desired width on the balloon to form the
non-distensible regions 8. The non-distensible layer 7 of composite
film may be comprised of different widths, thickness or types of
film in various disired locations. The film making up the balloon
and the film making up the non-distensible layer may be the same
material. Shear strength is increased by the use of wider films as
balloon material which provides more interfacing surface area. This
increased shear strength allows the non-distensible seals to
provide an increase in seal strength and consequentially increase
balloon catheter pressure capability, as compared to traditional
seals. To further increase the shear strength, the non-distensible
layers 7 of the non-distensible regions 8 may be oriented between
layers of balloon material as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 respectively.
The core wire 4 is wrapped with a balloon material layer 6 and
non-distensible layer 7 and then repeated. The non-distensible
layer(s) also provides homogenous distribution of pressure upon
inflation of the balloon. In the event of a rupture, the
non-distensible regions manifest a desirable diffused burst
pressure and non-catastrophic seal failure. It is further desirable
that the balloon and the non-distensible regions are comprised of
compatible materials with the same or approximately the same
tensile properties or adhesive compatible. The individual
non-distending layers of the non-distending region may be askew, at
opposing high angles of 45 to 90 degrees from the longitudinal
axis, or may be aligned with each other.
[0021] If desired, the balloon material with non-distensible
regions may be heated to set the angles of film at their wrapped
state and fuse the multiple layers together. The above embodiment
describes a continuous composite film wrapped at varying angles to
form an inflatable balloon with both distensible and
non-distensible regions.
[0022] Alternatively the non-distensible regions may be comprised
of a second material that is not similar to the balloon material.
The non-distensible layers which form the non-distensible regions,
may be between balloon material layers or alternatively may be in
contact with only one balloon material layer.
[0023] In another aspect, the catheter shaft may comprise grooves
or ridges in either a vertical, horizontal or helical relation to
the longitudinal axis. These ridges function to enhance the seal
strength of the non-distensible seal by providing increased surface
area on shaft for binding. The ridges also enhance the texture of
the shaft to increase the surface friction required to initiate
movement of the non-distensible areas upon inflation.
[0024] The core wire 4 may comprise a release coating 5 over the
core wire and both may be removed from the composite balloon
construction. As shown in FIG. 6, the shaped composite balloon 11
may be wrapped and then cut on the non-distensible regions 8. The
non-distensible regions 8 may then be mounted on a catheter shaft
12 to produce an individual catheter balloon 9 of wrapped balloon
shown in the inflated state, in FIG. 7.
[0025] The shaped catheter balloon 11 may be formed in the same
manner as described above but fashioned so that multiple shaped
catheter balloons are formed on a single wire, FIG. 8. The multiple
shaped catheter balloons are separated from each other by a
non-distensible region 8. The non-distensible regions between the
individual balloons may further be cut to produce individual shaped
catheter balloons 10 with non-distensible regions 8 at each end as
depicted in FIG. 8.
[0026] The present invention provides balloon catheters with a
non-distending region located between two or more balloon material
layers or on the surface of a balloon material. The balloon
catheter may have a plurality of non-distending regions present
forming a plurality of non-distending layers.
The balloon catheter may further be fashioned to include a
plurality of non-distending regions which impart a shape to the
balloon material upon inflation. The non-distending regions may
impart a form to the balloon that renders the balloon
non-cylindrical. It is also possible to incorporate a
non-distending region of varying widths and thicknesses. For
instance, the non-distending region may be desired to be either
wider or narrower than the final diameter of the balloon.
[0027] The non-distending regions are described herein as a film.
However, the non-distending regions may be made of any suitable
non-compliant material including but not limited to metal wire,
monofilament fibers, and extruded tubes. In one desired application
polytetrafluoroethylene is wrapped in layers so that an angle of
between 45 and 90 degrees is achieved upon inflation, thus sealing
the balloon. In a preferred embodiment, the non-distending regions
comprise an elastomer imbibed polytetrafluoroethylene material
suitable to seal the withstand inflation pressures without
distending upon balloon inflation.
[0028] A continuous integrated seal on an inflatable balloon may be
formed by using or providing a first balloon material pass which is
configured to form a desired balloon shape. The balloon shape is
then wrapped with a wrap pass around said first balloon material
pass so that the angle of the wrap changes to wrap at least one
pass at an angle sufficient to create a non-distending region over
the first balloon material pass. A second balloon material is then
wrapped around a non-distending region to increase the bonding
surface area of a non-distending region; and form an integrated
seal upon inflation. In this manner, it is believed that a
non-distending region is located between two balloon materials to
increase the bonding surface area and provide a gentle failure mode
upon over pressurization of the balloon.
[0029] A method of forming a continuous exposed integrated seal on
an inflatable balloon is also provided. The balloon material is
configured to form a desired balloon shape; and then wrapped with
at least two passes of a first balloon material. The wrap angle is
then changed to wrap one pass at an angle to the next pass
sufficient to create a non-distending region. The non-distending
region on the balloon material provides an integrated seal on an
inflatable balloon
[0030] A method is provided for forming a discontinuous non-exposed
integrated seal on an inflatable balloon. A balloon material is
wrapped in at least two opposing angle passes to form a first wrap.
Then at least one pass of a second wrap is wrapped around the first
wrap at an angle sufficient to create a non-distending region over
a balloon material layer. At least one pass of a third wrap of
balloon material is wrapped around the non-distending region to
increase the bonding surface area of the non-distending region, and
forms an integrated non-distending region in an inflatable balloon.
The non-distending region formed may be a seal region or a region
which contours the inflated balloon.
[0031] A method of forming a discontinuous exposed integrated seal
on an inflatable balloon is also provided. A balloon material is
wrapped in at least two opposing angle passes to form a first wrap.
Then at least one pass of a second wrap is wrapped around the first
wrap at an angle sufficient to create a non-distending region over
a first balloon material layer, thus forming an integrated seal
region on an inflatable balloon.
[0032] While particular embodiments of the present invention have
been illustrated and described herein, the present invention should
not be limited to such illustrations and descriptions. It should be
apparent that changes and modifications may be incorporated and
embodied as part of the present invention within the scope of the
following claims. Wrapped balloons may be constructed with our
without a bladder between the FEP coating 5 and the balloon
material 6.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
Composite Film
[0033] The ePTFE membrane used to make the composite film was made
in accordance with the teaching in U.S. Pat. No. 5,476,589 to
Bacino. Specifically, the ePTFE membrane was longitudinally
expanded to a ratio of 55 to 1 and transversely expanded
approximately 2.25 to 1, to produce a thin strong membrane with a
mass of approximately 3.5 g/m.sup.2 and a thickness of
approximately 6.5 micrometers.
[0034] The composite film was made by using a wire-wound rod
coating process whereby a solution of Tecothane TT-1085A
polyurethane (Thermedics, Inc, Woburn, Mass.) and tetrahydrofuran
(THF) was coated onto an ePTFE membrane. A 3% to 8% by weight
solution of Tecothane TT-1085A polyurethane in THF was coated onto
the ePTFE membrane to produce a composite film with approximately
equal amounts of Tecothane TT-1085A polyurethane as depicted in
FIG. 1 on either side and throughout the ePTFE membrane and a total
polymer weight application of approximately 40% to 60% of the total
final composite film weight.
Example 2
Non-Distensible
[0035] The composite film was slit to 5 mm wide and wrapped around
a 30.5 cm long core wire (Putnam Plastics LLC, Dayville, Conn.) at
a 4 to 5 degree angle from the longitudinal axis of the wire. The
core wire was a 0.2 mm diameter silver plated copper wire with a
fluoroethylene-propylene (FEP) 5100 coating that resulted in a
final wire diameter of with a 0.394 mm. The core wire was then
wrapped with the composite film in the opposite direction at a 4 to
5 degree angle from the longitudinal axis of the wire.
[0036] The first balloon material layer was then over-wrapped with
a non-distensible layer of composite film slit to 10 mm wide to
form the non-distensible regions. The 10 mm wide second wrap layer
of composite film was wrapped around the first balloon material
layer in two locations, approximately 50 mm apart. The 10 mm wide
composite film was wrapped around the first balloon material five
times at an angle of approximately 90 degrees from the longitudinal
axis, or around the circumference of the balloon.
[0037] The 5 mm wide composite film was then wrapped around the
core wire at a 4 to 5 degree angle from the longitudinal axis of
the wire. The core wire was then wrapped with the composite film in
the opposite direction at a 4 to 5 degree angle from the
longitudinal axis of the wire. This process was repeated until four
passes of low angle wrap were completed.
[0038] The 10 mm wide composite film was then again wrapped around
the balloon material layer at a an angle of approximately 90
degrees from the longitudinal axis five times in the same locations
as previously wrapped, 50 mm apart.
[0039] Finally, the 5 mm wide composite film was again wrapped
around the core wire at a 4 to 5 degree angle from the longitudinal
axis of the wire. The wire was then wrapped with the composite film
in the opposite direction at a 4 to 5 degree angle from the
longitudinal axis of the wire. This process was repeated until four
passes of low angle wrap were completed. The wrapped wire was then
heated for approximately 30 minutes at 180.degree. C. in a
convection oven.
[0040] The core wire and the FEP coating over the core wire were
removed from the composite balloon with non-distensible regions.
Approximately a 2.54 cm long section of the composite balloon was
removed from either end of a 30.5 cm long section of the balloon
over core wire construction. The exposed ends of the core wire were
clamped with hemostats and pulled by hand until the core wire had
been stretched approximately 5 cm, at which point it was removed
from the center of the tube. The FEP coating was removed in a
similar fashion, but was stretched approximately 50 cm before it
was removed from the balloon. The composite balloon was cut in the
center of each 10 mm wide non-distensible region to produce a 3 mm
diameter composite balloon with 5 mm wide non-distensible regions
at each end as depicted in FIG. 6
Example 3
Shaped Non-Distensible
[0041] The composite film was slit to 5 mm wide and wrapped around
a 30.5 cm long core wire (Putnam Plastics LLC, Dayville, Conn.) at
a 4 to 5 degree angle from the longitudinal axis of the wire. The
core wire was a 0.2 mm diameter silver plated copper wire with a
fluoroethylene-propylene (FEP) 5100 coating that resulted in a
final wire diameter of with a 0.394 mm. The core wire was then
wrapped with the composite film in the opposite direction at a 4 to
5 degree angle from the longitudinal axis of the wire.
[0042] The first balloon material layer was then over-wrapped with
a non-distensible layer of composite film slit to 10 mm wide to
form the non-distensible regions. The 10 mm wide second wrap layer
of composite film was wrapped around the first balloon material
layer in three locations, approximately 50 mm apart. The 10 mm wide
composite film was wrapped around the first balloon material five
times at an angle of approximately 90 degrees from the longitudinal
axis, or around the circumference of the balloon.
[0043] The 5 mm wide composite film was then wrapped around the
core wire at a 4 to 5 degree angle from the longitudinal axis of
the wire. The core wire was then wrapped with the composite film in
the opposite direction at a 4 to 5 degree angle from the
longitudinal axis of the wire. This process was repeated until four
passes of low angle wrap were completed.
[0044] The 10 mm wide composite film 3 was then again wrapped
around the balloon material layer at a an angle of approximately 90
degrees from the longitudinal axis five times in the same three
locations as previous wrapped, 50 mm apart.
[0045] Finally, the 5 mm wide composite film was again wrapped
around the core wire at a 4 to 5 degree angle from the longitudinal
axis of the wire. The wire was then wrapped with the composite film
in the opposite direction at a 4 to 5 degree angle from the
longitudinal axis of the wire. This process was repeated until four
passes of low angle wrap were completed. The wrapped wire was then
heated for approximately 30 minutes at 180.degree. C. in a
convection oven.
[0046] The core wire and the FEP coating over the core wire were
removed from the composite balloon construction with
non-distensible regions. Approximately a 2.54 cm long section of
the composite balloon was removed from either end of a 30.5 cm long
section of the balloon over core wire construction. The exposed
ends of the core wire were clamped with hemostats and pulled by
hand until the core wire had been stretched approximately 5 cm, at
which point it was removed from the center of the tube. The FEP
coating was removed in a similar fashion, but was stretched
approximately 50 cm before it was removed from the balloon. The
composite balloon was cut in the center of the outer 10 mm wide
non-distensible regions to produce a 3 mm diameter shaped catheter
balloon with 5 mm wide non-distensible regions at each end and a 10
mm wide non-distensible region in the center.
* * * * *