U.S. patent application number 11/419384 was filed with the patent office on 2008-04-24 for medical device actuators.
This patent application is currently assigned to ETHICON ENDO-SURGERY, INC.. Invention is credited to Dean Bruewer, Jose L. Francese, Jeffrey David Messerly, Carlos M. Rivera.
Application Number | 20080097520 11/419384 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38370776 |
Filed Date | 2008-04-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080097520 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Bruewer; Dean ; et
al. |
April 24, 2008 |
MEDICAL DEVICE ACTUATORS
Abstract
The present invention provides a flexible actuator, and methods
for manufacturing and using a flexible actuator, for transmitting
high loads from a user to an end effector. In one exemplary
embodiment, the flexible actuator can extend from a handle of a
medical device to an end effector located on a distal end of the
device. The actuator can include a head formed on a terminal end
thereof with at least one planar surface that is approximately
coplanar with an outer surface of the flexible actuator. In use,
the actuator can be coupled to a medical device having an end
effector located on a distal end thereof. Tension applied to the
actuator can be effective to actuate the end effector.
Inventors: |
Bruewer; Dean; (Fairfield,
OH) ; Francese; Jose L.; (Miami Springs, FL) ;
Rivera; Carlos M.; (Cooper City, FL) ; Messerly;
Jeffrey David; (Cincinnati, OH) |
Correspondence
Address: |
NUTTER MCCLENNEN & FISH LLP
WORLD TRADE CENTER WEST, 155 SEAPORT BOULEVARD
BOSTON
MA
02210-2604
US
|
Assignee: |
ETHICON ENDO-SURGERY, INC.
Cincinnati
OH
|
Family ID: |
38370776 |
Appl. No.: |
11/419384 |
Filed: |
May 19, 2006 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/207 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 2017/00526
20130101; A61B 2017/294 20130101; A61B 17/29 20130101; Y10T
29/49826 20150115 |
Class at
Publication: |
606/207 |
International
Class: |
A61B 17/28 20060101
A61B017/28 |
Claims
1. A medical device, comprising: an elongate member having first
and second jaws formed on a distal end thereof that are adapted to
manipulate tissue; and a flexible wire extending through the
elongate member and having a distal portion extending from an inner
surface of one of the jaws and through a bore in the jaw, the
flexible wire having a head formed on a terminal end thereof that
terminates adjacent to an outer surface of the jaw, the head
including a planar surface that is coplanar with an outer surface
of the flexible wire.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the distal portion of the
flexible wire extends perpendicularly outward from a plane
extending through a central axis of the elongate member.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the head is substantially
D-shaped.
4. The device of claim 2, wherein the D-shaped head includes
proximal and distal facing surfaces and a sidewall extending
between the proximal and distal facing surfaces, the sidewall
including an arc shaped region and a planar region such that a
perimeter of the sidewall is D-shaped.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the planar region of the sidewall
is coplanar with an outer surface of the flexible wire.
6. The device of claim 4, wherein the distal facing surface is
substantially planar.
7. The device of claim 4, wherein the terminal end of the flexible
wire abuts the proximal facing surface of the D-shaped head.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the terminal end of the flexible
wire flares outward toward the proximal facing surface of the
D-shaped head.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the bore in the jaw is
non-chamfered such that the head rests against an outer surface of
the jaw.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the flexible wire has a bend
formed therein between a proximal portion of the flexible wire and
the distal portion, the bend being positioned adjacent to the inner
surface of the jaw through which the flexible wire extends.
11. The device of claim 10, wherein the distal portion of the wire
located distal of the bend has a length in the range of about 0.01
inches to 0.02 inches.
12. The device of claim 10, wherein the bend has an angle of about
90.degree..
13. The device of claim 1, wherein the flexible wire has a
termination strength of at least about 12 lbs.
14. The device of claim 1, wherein the flexible wire has a
termination strength of at least about 17 lbs.
15. A medical device, comprising: an elongate member having an end
effector located on a distal end thereof; and a flexible actuator
extending through the elongate member and having formed at its
distal end a head having at least one planar surface that is
coplanar with an outer surface of the elongate member, and having a
maximum width greater than a maximum of the flexible actuator, a
distal portion of the flexible actuator extending perpendicularly
outward from a plane extending through a central axis of the
elongate member, and extending through a bore in the end effector
such that the head terminates adjacent to an outer surface of the
end effector.
16. The medical device of claim 15, wherein the head is D-shaped
and includes an arc shaped sidewall and a planar sidewall, the
planar sidewall being coplanar with an outer surface of the
flexible actuator.
17. The medical device of claim 15, wherein the distal portion is
located just distal of a substantially 90.degree. bend formed in
the flexible actuator.
18. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the distal portion has
a length in the range of about 0.01 inches to 0.02 inches.
19. The medical device of claim 15, wherein the head and the
flexible actuator are integrally formed.
20. A method for processing the medical device of claim 15 for
surgery, comprising: a) obtaining the medical device of claim 1; b)
sterilizing the medical device; and c) storing the medical device
in a sterile container.
21. A method for manufacturing an actuator for a surgical device,
comprising: forming a D-shaped head on a distal end of a wire;
grasping the D-shaped head with a forming shoe of a forming tool
such that a planar surface of the D-shaped head and a distal
portion of the wire rest against a planar surface of the forming
shoe; and actuating the forming tool to form a bend just proximal
to the D-shaped head of the wire.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the D-shaped head and the wire
are integrally formed.
23. The method of claim 21, wherein the bend has an angle of about
90.degree..
24. The method of claim 21, wherein a portion of the wire located
distal of the bend has a length in the range of about 0.01 inches
to 0.02 inches.
25. The method of claim 21, wherein the planar surface on the
D-shaped head is formed around a D-shaped perimeter of a sidewall
of the D-shaped head, the sidewall extending between proximal and
distal facing surfaces of the D-shaped head.
26. The method of claim 21, further comprising attaching the wire
to a surgical device having an elongate member and a pair of jaws
such that the wire extends through the elongate member and a
portion of the wire located distal to the bend extends from an
inner surface of one of the jaws through a bore formed in the jaw,
the D-shaped head terminating adjacent to an outer surface of the
jaw.
27. The method of claim 26, further including the step of
sterilizing said device after at least one use.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to methods and devices for
manufacturing an actuator for use in a medical device, and to
methods and devices for actuating an end effector on a surgical
device.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Devices for manipulating tissue are frequently used in
minimally-invasive surgical and diagnostic procedures. Such
procedures often involve the use of an endoscope, which allows
visualization of the inner structures of a patient without the need
for conventional surgery. Manipulation of the tissue is
accomplished by passing specialized accessories through a hollow
working channel of the endoscope into the inner cavity of the
patient, where the accessories can be used to perform functions
such as cutting, grasping, snaring, dissecting, cauterizing, and
tissue sampling.
[0003] One accessory commonly used with endoscopic procedures is
forceps. Conventional forceps generally include an effector
assembly at the distal end, a control assembly at the proximal end,
and one or more control wires extending between the distal and
proximal ends. An actuating force is generated at the proximal end
by a push-pull mechanism in the control assembly. This force is
then transferred to the distal end by pushing or pulling on one or
more of the control wires. While the effector assembly is fashioned
for the specific function of the device, typically the effector
assembly includes a pair of jaws that pivot about a fixed hinge-pin
on a support piece. The control wire or wires are linked to the
jaws, causing the jaws to open or close as a result of movement of
the control wire.
[0004] A variety of techniques can be used to link the wires to the
jaws. For example, the wire can run through the jaws, and it can be
secured to the jaws by a Z-bend that is formed on the distal end
thereof. However, this method of attachment creates friction when
the jaws are opened and closed, causing the device to operate less
fluidly or smoothly than is desirable. The protruding parts
commonly resulting from this configuration can also cause damage to
the lining of the working channel of the endoscope. Other end
effectors are formed using a casting process, and include simple
recesses and thru-bores in order to preserve their structural
integrity. However, due to the construction of the thru-bores, the
drive wire may not be seated precisely within the bore. Rather, the
wire usually runs through the bore and is loosely attached by
angling or crimping the end alongside the end effector. The
resulting jagged or protruding wire could possibly scratch the
sensitive lining of an endoscope.
[0005] Attempts have been made to overcome the limitations of
casted end effectors by refining designs, and in some cases totally
abandoning the casting process in favor of machining. Other
configurations have been proposed for connecting instrument driving
members to instrument end effectors, such as staple-like pins or
welded contact points. The drawback to all of the existing
connections is a tendency of the parts to wear, and for parts to
protrude when the end effectors are in an open position. This
hinders smooth, fluid operation of the mechanism and may result in
endoscope damage. Moreover, such connections are disadvantageous in
that they require labor-intensive assembly.
[0006] Accordingly, there remains a need for improved methods and
devices for manufacturing an actuator for use in a medical device,
and methods and devices for actuating an end effector on a surgical
device.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention provides various methods and devices
for manufacturing an actuator for use in a medical device, and
methods and devices for actuating an end effector on a surgical
device. In one embodiment, a medical device is provided and
includes an elongate member having first and second jaws formed on
a distal end thereof that are adapted to manipulate tissue, and a
flexible wire extending through the elongate member and having a
distal portion extending from an inner surface of one of the jaws
and through a bore in the jaw. The flexible wire also includes a
head formed on a terminal end thereof that terminates adjacent to
an outer surface of the jaw. The head includes at least one planar
surface that is coplanar with an outer surface of the elongate
member. For example, in one embodiment the head can be
substantially D-shaped.
[0008] In certain aspects, the head can include proximal and distal
facing surfaces and a sidewall extending between the proximal and
distal facing surfaces. The sidewall can include an arc shaped
region and a planar region such that a perimeter of the sidewall is
D-shaped. The planar region is approximately coplanar with an outer
surface of the flexible wire. In other embodiments, the distal
facing surface of the head can be substantially planar. The
terminal end of the flexible wire can abut the proximal facing
surface of the head, and the terminal end of the flexible wire can
optionally flare outward toward the proximal facing surface of the
head.
[0009] In another embodiment, the distal portion of the flexible
wire can extend perpendicularly outward from a plane extending
through a central axis of the elongate member. For example, the
flexible wire can have a bend formed therein between a proximal
portion of the flexible wire and the distal portion. The bend can
be positioned adjacent to the inner surface of the jaw through
which the flexible wire extends. In an exemplary embodiment, the
distal portion of the wire located distal of the bend has a length
in the range of about 0.01 inches to 0.02 inches, and the bend has
an angle of about 90.degree.. The flexible wire can also have a
termination strength of at least about 12 lbs, and more preferably
about 17 lbs.
[0010] In yet another embodiment, a medical device is provided and
includes an elongate member having an end effector located on a
distal end thereof, and a flexible actuator extending through the
elongate member and having formed at its distal end a head having a
planar surface that is coplanar with an outer surface of the
elongate member, and having maximum width greater than a maximum of
the flexible actuator. A distal portion of the flexible actuator
can extend perpendicularly outward from a plane extending through a
central axis of the elongate member, and it can extend through a
bore in the end effector such that the head terminates adjacent to
an outer surface of the end effector. Preferably, the distal
portion is located just distal of a substantially 90.degree. bend
formed in the flexible actuator. In one exemplary embodiment, the
head is substantially D-shaped.
[0011] In yet another embodiment, a method for manufacturing an
actuator for a surgical device is provided and includes forming a
D-shaped head on a distal end of a wire, grasping the D-shaped head
with a forming shoe of a forming tool such that a planar surface of
the D-shaped head and a distal portion of the wire rest against a
planar surface of the forming shoe, and actuating the forming tool
to form a bend just proximal to the D-shaped head of the wire. In
an exemplary embodiment, the D-shaped head and the wire are
integrally formed. While the angle of the bend can vary, the bend
preferably has an angle of about 90.degree.. Moreover, a portion of
the wire located distal of the bend can have a length in the range
of about 0.01 inches to 0.02 inches. The method can also include
attaching the wire to a surgical device having an elongate member
and a pair of jaws such that the wire extends through the elongate
member and a portion of the wire located distal to the bend extends
from an inner surface of one of the jaws through a bore formed in
the jaw. The D-shaped head can terminate adjacent to an outer
surface of the jaw. In certain exemplary embodiments, the planar
surface on the D-shaped head is formed around a D-shaped perimeter
of a sidewall of the D-shaped head, and the sidewall extends
between proximal and distal facing surfaces of the D-shaped
head.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] The invention will be more fully understood from the
following detailed description taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
[0013] FIG. 1A is a side view of one exemplary embodiment of a
distal portion of a surgical grasping device having opposed
grasping jaws shown in an open position;
[0014] FIG. 1B is a perspective view of one of the jaws of the
device of FIG. 1A;
[0015] FIG. 2 is side view of one embodiment of a forming tool
showing a wire actuator being formed;
[0016] FIG. 3A is a side view of one exemplary embodiment of a
flexible wire actuator, showing a proximal surface of a head formed
on a terminal end of the actuator;
[0017] FIG. 3B is a side view of the flexible wire actuator of FIG.
3A, showing first and second bends formed in a terminal portion of
the flexible wire actuator;
[0018] FIG. 3C is a side view of the flexible wire actuator of FIG.
3A, showing a distal surface of the head formed on the terminal end
of the actuator.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0019] Certain exemplary embodiments will now be described to
provide an overall understanding of the principles of the
structure, function, manufacture, and use of the devices and
methods disclosed herein. One or more examples of these embodiments
are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary
skill in the art will understand that the devices and methods
specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings are non-limiting exemplary embodiments and that the scope
of the present invention is defined solely by the claims. The
features illustrated or described in connection with one exemplary
embodiment may be combined with the features of other embodiments.
Such modifications and variations are intended to be included
within the scope of the present invention.
[0020] Many medical devices contain actuation mechanisms that rely
on robust and manufacturable component couplings. These couplings
experience large stresses due to their small size and the
relatively high mechanical loads that they transmit. The present
invention thus provides a coupling, and methods for manufacturing
and using a coupling, for transmitting high loads from a user to an
end effector. In an exemplary embodiment, the coupling is in the
form of one or more flexible actuators that can extend from a
handle of a medical device to an end effector located on a distal
end of the device. While the device can have a variety of
configurations, the present invention is described in connection
with a surgical grasping device having an elongate flexible shaft
with an end effector coupled to a distal end thereof and including
first and second opposed jaws that are pivotally coupled to one
another. The device is particularly useful during endoscopic
procedures, in which the device is introduced translumenally, e.g.,
through a natural orifice. When tension is applied to the flexible
actuator(s), the actuator(s) will cause the jaws to move between
open and closed positions. A person skilled in the art will
appreciate, however, that the flexible actuators disclosed herein
can be used in a variety of medical devices. Moreover, a person
skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention has
application in conventional endoscopic and open surgical
instrumentation as well application in robotic-assisted
surgery.
[0021] FIG. 1A illustrates one exemplary embodiment of a surgical
grasping device 10. In general, the device 10 includes a flexible
elongate shaft 12 having a handle (not shown) coupled to a proximal
end thereof and an end effector 14 coupled to the distal end 12b
thereof. While the handle is not shown, various handle
configurations are known in the art and can be used. The end
effector 14 includes first and second jaws 16, 18 that are
pivotally coupled to one another by a pivot pin 19. The jaws 16, 18
can be mated to a clevis 17, as shown. Each jaw 16, 18 can have
various configurations, but in the illustrated embodiment each jaw
16, 18 includes a distal portion extending distally from the pivot
pin 19 and having a plurality of teeth 16a, 18a formed thereon for
grasping tissue, and a proximal tab (only tab 16b is shown)
extending proximally from the pivot pin 19. As shown in more detail
in FIG. 1B, which illustrates jaw 16, the proximal tab 16b includes
a bore 20 formed therethrough. In use, the bore 20 is configured to
receive a distal end of a wire actuator to allow the actuators to
move the jaws 16, 18 between an open position, as shown in FIG. 1A,
and a closed position in which the jaws 16, 18 are effective to
engage tissue therebetween. While the particular configuration of
the bore 20 can vary, in one exemplary embodiment the bore 20 is
non-chamfered and does not include a countersink on either side of
the bore 20. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that the
end effector 14 can have a variety of other configurations, and
that the grasping device shown in FIG. 1A is merely shown as one
example of a device that can be used in conjunction with the
actuators disclosed herein.
[0022] As further shown in FIG. 1A, a first flexible wire actuator
22 extends through the elongate shaft 12 and through the bore 20
formed in the proximal tab 16b of the first jaw 16. While not
shown, a second flexible wire actuator can extend through the
elongate shaft 12 and through a bore formed in the second jaw 18.
The wire actuator 22 is configured to apply a proximally- and
distally-directed forces to the tab 16b formed on the proximal end
of the jaw 16 to pivot the jaw 16 about the pivot pin 19, thereby
closing and opening the jaw 16. In an exemplary embodiment, the
wire actuator 22 extends from an inner surface of the tab 16b,
through the bore 20, to an outer surface of the tab 16b such that a
head 24 formed on the terminal end of the wire actuator 22 abuts
against the outer surface of the tab 16b to prevent the wire
actuator 22 from pulling through the bore when tension is applied
to the actuator 22. In order to allow the wire actuator 22 to
extend outwardly through the bore 20, the wire actuator 22
preferably includes a pre-formed bend formed therein adjacent to
the terminal end 24 thereof. As a result of the bend, a portion of
the wire actuator 22 located distal of the bend will extend
perpendicularly outward from a plane extending through a central
axis A of the elongate member 12. The bend thus allows for
push/pull forces to be conveyed from the wire 22 to the jaws 16, 18
of the end effector 14.
[0023] Since the tab 16b on the proximal end of the jaw 16 has a
relatively small thickness, the bend is preferably formed fairly
close to the terminal end of the wire actuator 22. In other words,
the length of the wire extending distally from the bend is
preferably substantially equal to the thickness of the tab 16b. In
order to form a bend relatively close to the terminal end of the
wire actuator 22, and thus close to the head 24 on the wire
actuator 22, a forming tool, such as a progressive die machine or
four-slide machine, can be used to engage a terminal portion of the
wire actuator 22. FIG. 2 illustrates one exemplary embodiment of a
forming tool 100. As shown, the tool 100 generally includes a
forming base 101 and a forming shoe 103 that define a cavity
therebetween for engaging the wire actuator 22 and forming the
desired bends in the wire. As further shown, the forming shoe 103
includes a planar surface 102 formed thereon against which the head
24 and a terminal portion of the wire actuator 22 rest against.
This facilitates formation of a bend adjacent to the terminal end
of the wire actuator 22.
[0024] In order to allow a terminal portion of the wire actuator 22
and the head 24 located on the terminal end of the wire actuator 22
to be engaged by the forming tool 100, the head 24 preferably
includes at least one planar sidewall formed thereon and located
approximately coplanar with an outer surface of the wire actuator
22. The planar sidewall will allow both the head 24 and the
terminal end of the wire actuator 22 to rest flat against the
planar surface 102 on the forming tool 100. Without the planar
sidewall on the head 24, the head 24 would prevent the terminal end
of the wire actuator 22 from resting directly on the planar surface
102 of the forming tool 100, and thus would interfere with forming
of the bend. Or alternatively without the planar sidewall on wire
actuator 22, the forming show 103 would have a toe feature to
appropriately engage and form the bend while providing an undercut
to allow the full head, once the bend is made, space to make an
appropriately sharp bend. This toe does not provide an acceptable
solution in that the toe would then prevent the wire actuator 22
from freely disengaging from the forming shoe 103 during
manufacture.
[0025] FIGS. 3A-3C illustrate one exemplary embodiment of a
flexible wire actuator 22 having a head 24 formed on a terminal end
22b thereof and including at least one planar sidewall or region
24p. In this embodiment, the head 24 has a D-shaped configuration,
such that the head 24 includes proximal and distal facing surfaces
24a, 24b with a sidewall extending therebetween and having a
perimeter that is in the shape of the letter D. In particular, the
perimeter of the sidewall includes an arc shaped region 24c and a
planar region 24p. This is best illustrated in FIG. 23C, which
shows a distal end view of the head 24 located on the terminal end
22b of the wire actuator 22. As shown in FIG. 3B, the planar region
24p is coplanar with an outer surface of the wire actuator 22 to
allow the planar region of the head 24 and the terminal end 22b of
the wire actuator 22 to rest flat against a planar surface of a
forming tool. The shape of the proximal and distal facing surfaces
24a, 24b of the head 24 can vary, but as shown in FIGS. 3A-3C, the
proximal and distal surfaces 24a, 24b are substantially planar.
While not necessary, the terminal end 22b of the wire actuator 22
that abuts against the proximal facing surface 24b of the head 24
can optionally flare outward toward the head 24, as shown in FIG.
3B.
[0026] The D-shaped head 24 can be formed on the terminal end 22b
of the wire actuator 22 using various techniques known in the art,
but in an exemplary embodiment the head 24 and the actuator 22 are
integrally formed. That is, the head 24 and the actuator 22 are
molded as a single unit formed from the same material. This can be
achieved using standard drawing, heading, forming, shaping, and
molding techniques known in the art, and using constraint tooling
with a shape that is configured to form a wire with a D-shaped
head. The materials used to form the actuator 22 can vary, but for
certain applications, such as with a medical grasping device as
described with respect to FIG. 1A, the actuator 22 is preferably
formed from stainless steel, such as 304V stainless steel, or from
other metals and materials having a good tensile strength.
[0027] The dimensions of the actuator 22 can also vary depending on
the intended use, but in an exemplary embodiment the head 24 has a
maximum width that is greater than a maximum width or diameter of
the wire actuator 22. This will allow the head 24 to prevent the
wire actuator 22 from becoming disengaged with the bore 20 formed
in the proximal tab 16b of the jaw 16. By way of non-limiting
example, as shown in FIG. 3C, the wire actuator 22 can have a
diameter d.sub.w of about 0.011 inches, and the head 24 can have a
maximum width, e.g., a diameter d.sub.h as measured across the arc
shaped region 24c, of about 0.020 inches. The depth h.sub.d (FIG.
3B) of the head 24, as measured between the proximal and distal
facing surfaces 24a, 24b of the head 24, can also vary depending on
the thickness of the proximal tab 16b and the depth of the bore 20
through which the terminal end 22b of the actuator 22 is to be
inserted, but in one exemplary embodiment the head 24 has a depth
h.sub.d of about 0.005 inches.
[0028] Once the wire actuator 22 is formed, one or more bends can
be formed in a terminal portion of the actuator 22 to allow the
actuator 22 to be mated to a jaw of a medical device, such as jaw
16 of the surgical grasping device 10 shown in FIG. 1A. The
quantity of bends, as well as the particular location of each bend,
can vary depending on the configuration of the device. In the
embodiment shown in FIGS. 3A-3C, a terminal or distal portion of
the actuator 22 includes three bends 26, 28, 30 formed therein,
such that the distal portion is somewhat C-shaped. The first bend
26 is formed relatively close to the terminal end 22b and the head
24, and the second and third bends 28, 30 can be formed proximal of
and a distance apart from the first bend 26. In an exemplary
embodiment, in order to allow the terminal end 22b of the wire
actuator 22 to extend substantially perpendicular to a plane
containing the central axis A (FIG. 1A) of the device 10, the first
bend 26 preferably has an angle .alpha. of about 90.degree.. This
will allow a terminal portion of the wire actuator 22 to extend
coaxial with an axis of the bore 20 in the jaw 16, and will allow
the proximal portion of the wire actuator 22 located proximal of
the first bend 26 to extend through the shaft 12 of the device 10.
The distance between the first bend 26 and the terminal end 22b of
the wire 22 can also vary, but in one exemplary embodiment the
distance d.sub.t is in the range of about 0.01 inches and 0.02
inches. The location and angle of the second and third bends 28, 30
can vary as desired depending on the intended use. The remaining
portion of the wire actuator 22 can also vary, and it can have a
linear configuration, it can be substantially curved as shown in
FIG. 2A, or it can have various other configurations as may be
necessary depending on the intended use.
[0029] In use, the wire actuator 22 is mated to the jaw 16 by
inserting a proximal end of the wire actuator 22 through the bore
20 in the proximal tab 16b. The proximal end is inserted from the
outer surface to the inner surface of the proximal tab 16b. The
wire actuator 22 is then passed through the elongate shaft 12 and
coupled to an actuator, such as a knob or lever, formed on a handle
of the device 10. The D-shaped head 24 will abut against the outer
surface of the proximal tab 16b on the jaw 16, and the first bend
26 will be positioned adjacent to the inner surface of the proximal
tab 16b on the jaw 16. As previously explained, movement of the
actuator 22 in a proximal direction will pivot the jaw 16 about the
pivot point 19, thereby moving the jaw 16 to a closed position, and
movement of the actuator 22 in a distal direction will return the
jaw 16 to the open position, shown in FIG. 1A. The use of two wire
actuators 22 can allow each jaw 16, 18 to pivot simultaneously, or
to pivot independent of one another.
[0030] The use of a D-headed wire 22 with a bend 26 formed
substantially adjacent to the head 24 can also be advantageous as
it provides a relatively high termination strength. The desired
strength is preferably about 12 lbs., and tests performed on a wire
actuator formed from 304V stainless steel with the dimensions
previously discussed above show a termination strength of about 17
lbs. before failing.
[0031] The devices disclosed herein can also be designed to be
disposed of after a single use, or they can be designed to be used
multiple times. In either case, however, the device can be
reconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning can
include any combination of the steps of disassembly of the device,
followed by cleaning or replacement of particular pieces, and
subsequent reassembly. In particular, the device can be
disassembled, and any number of the particular pieces or parts of
the device can be selectively replaced or removed in any
combination. Upon cleaning and/or replacement of particular parts,
the device can be reassembled for subsequent use either at a
reconditioning facility, or by a surgical team immediately prior to
a surgical procedure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that
reconditioning of a device can utilize a variety of techniques for
disassembly, cleaning/replacement, and reassembly. Use of such
techniques, and the resulting reconditioned device, are all within
the scope of the present application.
[0032] Preferably, the invention described herein will be processed
before surgery. First, a new or used instrument is obtained and if
necessary cleaned. The instrument can then be sterilized. In one
sterilization technique, the instrument is placed in a closed and
sealed container, such as a plastic or TYVEK bag. The container and
instrument are then placed in a field of radiation that can
penetrate the container, such as gamma radiation, x-rays, or
high-energy electrons. The radiation kills bacteria on the
instrument and in the container. The sterilized instrument can then
be stored in the sterile container. The sealed container keeps the
instrument sterile until it is opened in the medical facility.
[0033] It is preferred that device is sterilized. This can be done
by any number of ways known to those skilled in the art including
beta or gamma radiation, ethylene oxide, steam.
[0034] One skilled in the art will appreciate further features and
advantages of the invention based on the above-described
embodiments. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited by
what has been particularly shown and described, except as indicated
by the appended claims. All publications and references cited
herein are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their
entirety.
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