U.S. patent application number 11/850294 was filed with the patent office on 2008-04-03 for seating support system processes and products thereby including high performance applications and tools.
This patent application is currently assigned to NUBAX LIMITED. Invention is credited to Donna K. Jackson.
Application Number | 20080079299 11/850294 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38596841 |
Filed Date | 2008-04-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080079299 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Jackson; Donna K. |
April 3, 2008 |
SEATING SUPPORT SYSTEM PROCESSES AND PRODUCTS THEREBY INCLUDING
HIGH PERFORMANCE APPLICATIONS AND TOOLS
Abstract
An anatomically corrected seating element set includes improved
and enhanced seating tools in an improved type of seating
apparatus. Processes for disposing a user and posture ameliorating
tools and subcomponent products are likewise caught. Silicone
extension elements add substantial benefits and are heretofore
undisclosed, within the context of a system for enhancing ischial
tuberosity support and venous blood flow.
Inventors: |
Jackson; Donna K.; (Fort
Worth, TX) |
Correspondence
Address: |
GREENBERG TRAURIG LLP (LA)
2450 COLORADO AVENUE, SUITE 400E, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DEPARTMENT
SANTA MONICA
CA
90404
US
|
Assignee: |
NUBAX LIMITED
|
Family ID: |
38596841 |
Appl. No.: |
11/850294 |
Filed: |
September 5, 2007 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60842229 |
Sep 5, 2006 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/284.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B60N 2/66 20130101; F16F
1/371 20130101; F16F 3/087 20130101; B60N 2/646 20130101; B60N
2/4249 20130101; B60N 2/643 20130101; F16F 9/0472 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
297/284.4 |
International
Class: |
A47C 7/40 20060101
A47C007/40 |
Claims
1. A material comprising an arrangement of resiliently deformable
elements wherein the material comprises at least one outer element
with a hollow interior and at least one insert element, wherein the
insert element is arranged inside the hollow interior of the outer
element.
2. A material according to claim 1, in which the elements are
silicon elements.
3. A material according to claim 2, in which at least one of the
elements is an elongate element.
4. A material according to claims 3, in which at least one of the
following is predetermined according to the application in winch
the material is intended to be used: the dimensions of at least one
outer element and/or insert element the clearance between at least
outer element and the associated insert element the durometer at
least one the outer element and/or insert element the shape of at
least one outer element and/or the insert element the tension of at
least one outer element and/or the insert element.
5. A material according to claim 4, which comprises a plurality of
outer and insert elements arranged to form a sheet of material.
6. A material according to claim 5, in which the outer elements
and/or the insert elements may have different physical properties
across the sheet of material.
7. A material according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of elements
are insect elements effective to use without outer elements.
8. In a venous blood flow enhancing ischial tuberosity support
system having at least two primary material densities, an
A-configured structural geometry for alignment of the ischial
tuberosities in a desired position under the lumbar spine, which
increases cross-sectional areas of a user's veins proximal to the
groin, the improvement which comprises, in combination: at least a
supplemental silicon member having individuated and fully
recoverable memory, disposed at, at least one location therein.
9. The venous blood flow enhancing ischial tuberosity support
systems according to claim 8, said at least one location being at
least one of disposed in a chevron-like pattern associated with
said A-configured structural geometry; along a principal axis of a
ray-like projection extending from the vertex of the chevron, and
extending about the axis of said ray-like projection member.
10. The venous blood flow enhancing ischial tuberosity support
systems according to claim 8, wherein respective densities of said
at least two primary densities differs according to the application
for which it is designed.
11. In a seating apparatus tot preventing muscle fatigue and
cushioning the spine to increase lordosis in the lumbar spine,
which comprises a wedge-shaped cushion have a top and a bottom,
whereby the top's substantially planar parallel to a surface upon
which the seating apparatus stands, and a bottom which houses two
projecting members each in geometric configuration of a ray whose
vertex is at a back portion of the seating apparatus, which abuts a
user's back when seated for improving venous outflow from the lower
extremities in the sitting position by decreasing venous
obstruction at the femoral vein level and the relative position and
placement of the two projecting members is determined by capturing
a distance measurement for a user's ischial tuberosities to
optimize receiving pelvis weight bearing on each of the ischial
tuberosities of the involved users. The improvement further
comprising disposing a plurality of silicon tubes and rods at
critical locations within the seating apparatus to varying
stiffness and load-bearing capacity.
12. In a seating apparatus for preventing muscle fatigue and
cushioning the spine to increase lordosis, in the lumbar spine
comprising a wedge-shaped cushion having a top and a bottom,
whereby the top is substantially planar parallel to a surface upon
which the seating apparatus stands, and a bottom which houses two
projecting members each in a geometric configuration of a ray whose
vertex is at a back portion of the seating apparatus, which abuts a
users back when seated for improving venous outflow from the lower
extremities in the sitting position by decreasing venous
obstruction at the femoral vein level; and Using parameters
including a distance measurement for a user's ischial tuberosities
to optimize receiving pelvis weight bearing on each of the ischial
tuberosities of the involved user by altering the relative
orientation of the two projecting members each in the geometric
configuration of a ray whose vertex is at the back portion of the
seating apparatus, the improvement which comprises, in combination:
at least arranging silicon rods and tubes, in geometric shapes
selected from the group consisting of rods, tubes, triangles,
diamonds, and combinations thereof at the searing applications.
13. A process for enhancing a seating construction, comprising, in
combination: providing a plurality of silicon elements to be
incorporated into the same; and bolstering desired aspects of the
seating construction by attaching said plurality of elements to the
seating configuration.
14. The process of claim 13, further comprising silicon rods and
tubes which surround them.
15. The process of claim 13, further comprising an assembly of
triangles and rods.
16. The process of claim 14, further comprising diamond-shaped
elements.
17. The process of claim 13, wherein attaching further comprises
emplacing the silicon elements within predetermined areas of the
seating construction.
18. The process of claim 17, wherein attaching further comprises
caulking.
19. The process of claim 13, said attaching step comprising at
least one of bonding with glues, melting, and otherwise permanently
affixing silicon-elements.
20. A product, by the process of claim 19.
Description
[0001] The instant application claims full Paris Convention and all
other priority rights from U.S. Ser. No. 60/842,229, filed Sep. 5,
2006, by the present inventor, and in the name of assignee NuBax
Limited.
[0002] The present invention generally relates to a material
comprising an arrangement of resiliently deformable elements
intended to absorb and/or distribute impacts and/or applied
pressure. The elements may, for example be arranged to form a
material for use in applications where the absorption or
distribution of pressure is required, for example as seating for
humans. In particular, the present invention may use biomechanical
enhancement to facilitate disposition of humans in optimized
seating postures, relative to ischial tuberosities, combined with
orthogonal support elements, which optionally function as a high
performance vehicle seating enhancement, among other things. The
present invention does all of this while addressing and
ameliorating deep vein thrombosis ("DVT").
[0003] There is a longstanding need for an anatomically corrected
seating element set for those who spend critical time seated, as
well as many others in all walks of life. Unmet needs range from
seats for office workers to passengers in planes to race car
drivers, among others. Lacking in the seating arts are dueling
densities and variable stiffness materials, in addition to
processes to make and use the same, winch make users comfortable
while supporting them economically and consistently over time.
[0004] In-roads have been made by the present inventor into
maintaining lordosis' and mitigating adverse impacts of DVT. Using
a conceptually and mechanically derived improvement set further
degrees of design freedom have been achieved and by way of the
instant teachings, such that the art of seating once again, it is
respectfully submitted, is advanced.
[0005] In addition, there is an on-going need tot materials with
shock-absorbing and/or pressure disbursing capabilities in a
variety of applications. Purely by way of example, such
applications include, but are not limited to: protective clothing
and headwear, padding for crash barriers or the like, tension
straps (such, as back-pack shoulder straps, seat belts,) knee pads,
gym shields, padding for sport or sportswear, matting,) and related
uses.
[0006] In these and other applications, materials which exhibit
high tensile strength, are light weight and which have effective
energy dissipation are required. In some applications, elasticity
and energy dissipation ate particularly of value, while, in other
applications, shape memory with energy dissipation is more
important.
SUMMARY
[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a material comprising an arrangement of resiliently
deformable elements wherein the material comprises at least one
outer element with a hollow interior and at least one insert
element, wherein the insert element is arranged inside the hollow
interior of the outer element.
[0008] The use of an insert element within a outer element provides
for impact absorption and distributed pressure support, as will be
described more fully herein after.
[0009] In embodiments, the elements arc silicon elements. Silicon
is a material with many advantages. For example, silicon has
elasticity, shape memory properties, is relatively light and strong
and is relatively chemically inert. In alternative embodiments, the
elements may he rubber, or the like. As will be appreciated from
the following description, at least one of the or each inner and/or
outer elements (and in some embodiments all elements) could be
described as `elastomeric`, i.e. they are resiliently deformable in
the sense that they exhibit shape memory characteristics and may
also stretch elastically.
[0010] In one embodiment, the elements are elongate elements. This
allows for energy (in particular transverse impacts) to be readily
dissipated along the length of the elements. Likewise, such
elongate elements readily function as stand-alone energy
disbursement tools in conjunction with known and later developed
seating arrangements.
[0011] In preferred embodiments, a plurality of outer and insert
elements are arranged to form a sheet of material. This is
advantageous as it allows a resilient surface to be formed.
[0012] The insert element may itself be hollow or it may be solid.
It will he appreciated that, assuming the material is the same, a
hollow element will deform more readily than a solid element.
Therefore, if high impact absorption is required, a hollow insert
element may be preferred. If however a relatively hard material is
required, a solid insert element may be preferred.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the clearance between outer
element and the insert element may be predetermined according to
the application in which the material is intended to be used.
Providing different clearances will provide the material with
different responses to impact and/or to pressure.
[0014] Alternatively and additionally, the durometer of the outer
element and/or the insert element may be predetermined according to
the application in which the material is intended to be used. It
will be appreciated that the `durometer` of an elastomeric
substance is a measure of its hardness or resistance to
deformation.
[0015] In one embodiment, the outer elements comprise a series of
hollow tubes which are glued, encased or otherwise fixed together
such that they are substantially parallel. However, its other
embodiments, the material may be formed by weaving the elements
such that they cross one another. In alternative embodiments, the
outer elements comprise cells formed within an elastomeric
material.
[0016] The shape of the outer element and/or the insert element may
be predetermined according to the application, in which the
material is intended to be used. The shape of the elements will
effect the response of a material to impact and may also effect the
surface provided by the material. For example, in some embodiments,
a substantially fiat surface may be required.
[0017] In some embodiments, the outer elements and/or the insert
elements may have different, physical properties across the
material. This allows areas with differing responses to impact
and/or pressure to be formed within same sheet of material. The
different physical properties may comprise durometer, dimensions,
shapes, tension, or the like.
[0018] In some embodiments, the material may be arranged to be
inlaid into or laid on top of another structure. This allows that
material to act as padding. Alternatively, the material may be
arranged within a frame under tension, which may he variable. In a
further embodiment, the material may be formed into a strap or the
like which is under tension in use.
[0019] According to one embodiment, the material is arranged to
provide a support means in a seating apparatus. The support means
may be arranged in art A-shape (or chevron shape) intended to
support the ischial tuberosities of a person seated on the seating
apparatus.
[0020] According to embodiments, the material may comprise (and/or
be incorporated within) at least one of the following: protective
clothing, protective headwear, padding for crash barriers or the
like, tension straps (such as a back-pack shoulder straps, seat
belts, etc) knee pads, gym shields padding for sport or sportswear,
matting or related articles.
[0021] According to embodiments, the material comprises a seating
tool for use in a seating apparatus. Preferably, the material can
be used to provide an anatomically correct seating element set
including improved and enhanced searing tools in art improved type
of seating apparatus. Processes for disposing a user there upon and
posture ameliorating tools and subcomponent produces are likewise
taught. Silicone extension elements add substantial benefits and
are heretofore, undisclosed within the context of the instant field
of art.
[0022] According to a feature of the present invention, there is
provided in a venous blood flow enhancing ischial tuberosity
support system having at least two primary material densities, an
A-configured structure geometry for alignment of the ischial
tuberosities in a desired position under the lumbar spine, which
increases cross-sectional areas of a user's veins proximal to the
groin, the improvement composing, in combination; at least a
supplemental silicon member having individuated and recoverable
memory disposed at, at least one location in the system.
[0023] According to embodiments of the present invention, there is
provided in a seating apparatus for preventing muscle fatigue and
cushioning the spine to increase lordosis in the lumbar spine
comprising a wedge-shaped cushion having a top and a bottom,
whereby the top is substantially planar parallel to a surface upon
which the seating apparatus stands, and a bottom which houses two
projecting members each in the geometric configuration of a ray
whose vertex is at a back portion of the seating apparatus which
abuts a user's back when seated for improving venous outflow from
the lower extremities in the sitting position by decreasing venous
obstruction at the femoral vein levels, whereby the relative
position and placement of the two projecting members is determined
by capturing a distance measurement for a user, the improvement
further comprising disposing a plurality of silicon tubes and rods
at critical locations within the seating apparatus.
[0024] According to embodiments of the present invention there is
provided a process for enhancing a seating construction which
comprises, in combination, providing a plurality of silicon
elements to be incorporated into the same, and bolstering desired
aspects of the seating construction by attaching said plurality of
elements to said seating construction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] The present invention will be more clearly understood by
reference to this specification in view of the accompanying
drawings, in which:
[0026] FIG. 1 is a schematic of a prior art seating construction in
cross-section;
[0027] FIG. 2 is an embodiment of an enhanced searing product
according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 3 is a detailed aspect of an exploded view according to
teachings of embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIG. 4 shows improved seating tool or an element filled with
materials described, according to embodiments of the present
invention;
[0030] FIG. 5 shows embodiments according to the present
invention;
[0031] FIG. 6 shows embodiments according to the present
invention;
[0032] FIG. 7 shows embodiments according to the present
invention;
[0033] FIG. 8 shows embodiments according to the present
invention;
[0034] FIG. 9 schematically depict a material comprising silicon
elements according to various embodiments of the present
invention;
[0035] FIG. 10 schematically depict a material comprising silicon
elements according to various embodiments of the present invention;
and
[0036] FIG. 11 schematically depict a material comprising silicon
elements according to various embodiments of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] The present inventor has developed improved load bearing
mechanisms, and ways to enhance seating systems that already
provide unprecedented support for users. Energy absorption and
compatibility with enhanced seating approaches likewise supports
unique approaches as detailed herein and claimed below. Similarly
offered for consideration are related seating improvements in an
effort to mitigate a leading global symptom or disability driving
disease state back pain. This is a long-term set of issues that
most developed and developing countries have been compelled to deal
with as individuals are incented to move from upright posture to a
work-based sitting routine, for as least part if not most of their
working days. Similarly, driving, flying and advanced leisure
activities requiring better support from seating systems.
[0038] Recently, attention was focused on venous thromboembolism,
following prolonged air travel Several investigators confirmed a
higher incidence of DVT in high-risk persons traveling for extended
periods of time. DVT is also seen in practice in patients who
undertake surface trips and remained seated for prolonged periods
of time. Venous stasis and hypercoagulability ate thought to be
some of the underlying causes for this problem. Recommendations for
improving stasis have included the wearing of compression hose,
however, no recommendations regarding postural changes while seated
have been considered.
[0039] A seat cushion modification by NuBax Limited has recently
been introduced, and has a number of benefits. This cushion
modification improves the lumbar lordosis found in normal sitting
thereby improving pelvic and lower back posture. It is postulated
that this improvement in posture may also lead to a decreased
pressure gradient from Vena Cava to lower extremity veins, and a
subsequent improvement in venous outflow from the extremities. The
purpose of this study was to investigate this seat modification and
describe any improvement in venous outflow from the lower
extremities associated with this improved posture.
[0040] Testing seas done at the Lotus manufacturing facility in the
UK. For the initial testing, two Lotus Elise.RTM. were made
available and were outfitted with one Lotus factory seat and one
modified by NuBax. The NuBax seats were modified each using a
slightly different proprietary method of cushion modification,
including those described in U.S. Ser. Nos. 11/149,806, and
11/263,415, and issued U.S. Letters Pat. Nos. 6,447,058 and
7,720,376.
[0041] Twenty-two volunteers were studied during this portion of
tire testing. There were sixteen men and six women; none had
pre-existing known venous disease. All signed consent for testing.
Forty-four limbs were tested. Each subject was tested in the
original Lotus seat, and in each NuBax modification (known as
yellow and red, respectively). Venous testing was done with a
Terrason portable ultrasound using a 7.5 Megahertz probe. The
saphenofemoral junction was identified with the subject in each car
seat, and the steerable Doppler placed as close to the center of
the veins as possible. Velocity measurements were taken from this
location, and are identified as outflow velocity.
[0042] A thigh cuff was placed and inflated to 60 mm Hg in order to
occlude venous outflow. The system was allowed to stabilize for 2
minutes 30 seconds, and the cuff released rapidly. The resultant
spike in velocity was measured using the ultrasound machine's
internal measuring device, and the highest point was recorded as
outflow velocity. Testing was repeated for both limbs in the three
different seats. Calculations were done by measuring the difference
in outflow velocity in omniseconds in the Lotus (control) seat and
in both the red and yellow NuBax modified seat. In order to
standardize the samples, a percent change in outflow velocity for
each sample was calculated by formula I:
Nubax Outflow Velocity-Lotus Outflow Velocity.times.100=% Change in
Outflow Velocity Lotus Outflow Velocity
[0043] Two 2006 Lotus Elise.RTM. brands of seats were used for sins
set of testing. One automobile was fitted with a factory seat and
one with a seat modified by NuBax. On this occasion, twenty-seven
volunteers were available for testing. These included twenty-four
men and three women, none of who had known pre-existing venous
disease. All signed consent for testing. For this testy,
fifty-three limbs were studied, (one volunteer refused testing on
the second limb). Each subject was tested in the original Lotus
seat and in the NuBax modification. Venous air plethysmography was
performed by inflating the calf plethysmographic cuff to the volume
prescribed by the equipment manufacturer, and the thigh cuff was
inflated to 60 mm Hg in order to occlude venous outflow. The system
was allowed to stabilize for 2 minutes 30 seconds, and the cuff
deflated rapidly. A strip chart recorder captured the change in
volume of the calf in response to the cuff release, and from this
tracing maximum venous outflow could be determined. Outflow
fractions were calculated from the strip chart tracings. The
outflow fraction was considered to he the decrease in volume over
the first 0.5 seconds after cuff release, divided by the total
volume, and was calculated as per Nicolaides and Sumner with the
only modification being it 0.5 see interval. To again standardize
the values, percent change in outflow fraction for each sample was
calculated by the formula 2:
OF NuBax - OF Lotus _ .times. 100 = % change in OF OF Lotus
##EQU00001##
[0044] Mean and median values for the total group of percent
changes were then calculated, as well as the standard deviation of
each group. Venous outflow improved in both tests. In the outflow
velocity test, the mean Lotus seat velocity was 19.5 cm/sec. For
the yellow seat, the mean was 23.23 cm/sec, for a change of 3.73
cm/sec. For the rod seat, the mean was 21.65 cm/sec, or a change of
2.15 cm/sec. Mean percent increases in outflow velocity for each
limb tested were 70.89% and 66.31% repectively, as calculated by
the above formulas. Median percent change was found to be 7.19 and
7.82 for yellow and red. Table 1 summarizes the results, and adds
the standard deviations:
TABLE-US-00001 Mean Percent Change in Mean Change in Outflow
Outflow Velocity +/- SD Seat vs. Lotus Velocity +/- SD (Formula 1)
Yellow 3.7 +/- 11 70.89 +/- 185 Red 2.15 +/- 12 66.31 +/- 202
[0045] Outflow fraction resting revealed an outflow fraction of
49.9 for the Lotus seat and 51.1 for the NuBax seat. The mean
percent change in OF for each limb was 4.99, as calculated by the
above formula. Median percent change was found to be 3.45. Table 2
summarizes the results, and adds the standards deviations:
TABLE-US-00002 Mean Percent Change in Mean Change in Outflow
Outflow Fraction +/- SD Seat vs. Lotus Fraction +/- SD (Formula 2)
Nubax 1.28 +/- 9 4.99 +/- 22
[0046] The design of the NuBax seat ostensively improved posture
and comfort during prolonged seating. The design of the cushion
places the ischial tuberosities in the correct position underneath
the lumbar spine so that the pelvis arid spine are properly
aligned. This alignment distributes the weight more evenly and
allows for more comfortable sitting. The effect on venous blood
flow appears to be an improvement in outflow from the legs. This
improved outflow, combined with the other beneficial effects of the
improved sitting position have been used to create an improved
driving experience in the Lotus Elise.RTM., a high performance
sports car then requires alertness and quick motions of the
extremities to maneuver. The Lotus seat has an almost supine tilt
to it, making venous outflow almost horizontal. Because of this,
any improvement in venous flow characteristics was considered
significant, as more upright seating would create larger
changes.
[0047] Chronic venous insufficiency has components of both venous
reflux and obstruction. Despite a large amount of literature
describing air plethysmography in testing for the venous outflow
obstruction component of venous insufficiency, there are few states
that cause isolated venous obstruction without insufficiency.
Pregnancy and other causes of extrinsic venous compression can be
considered examples of where isolated outflow obstruction, where
outflow fraction can he quantified. However, outflow fraction using
plethysmographic techniques has been measured in venous
insufficiency, and appears inaccurate in the presence of reflux.
Arm/foot venous pressure differential and reactive hyperemia
induced foot venous pressure increase appear to correlate with the
degree of venous obstruction even when reflux is present, but the
test is invasive and requires the ability to maneuver the limb,
making it impractical in this situation. The current study makes
use of the specific strengths of the air plethysmography in
addressing isolated venous obstruction, making it the ideal tool
for study. This particular situation appeased to be unique in that
the presence of obstruction must be qualified as well as quantified
using a noninvasive technique.
[0048] There is little evidence in the literature that velocity of
venous outflow as measured by duplex scan has previously been used
to determine the presence or degree of outflow obstruction. The
uniqueness of this situation, in which a change in position causes
outflow improvement that can be tested without change in any other
parameters, allowed the opportunity to employ duplex in an attempt
to evaluate the degree of change in obstruction. Velocity data was
used based on the Bernoulli equation. This equation states that if
the cross sectional area of a fluid filled tube is increased than
the velocity of the fluid moving through that area should decrease.
The velocity of fluid entering that area should therefore increase,
since all other factors remain essentially the same. Since the
duplex scan testing measured an increase in velocity of blood flow
in the area proximal to the pelvis with position change, the NuBax
scat increased the cross sectional area of veins proximal to the
groin.
[0049] Analysis of the data suggests that there is a large
variation in venous velocities between limbs. There appeared to be
no standard values for velocity of venous outflow from a limb, as
measured by duplex scan. Outflow velocity appeared to be variable
and dependant on variation in limb volume, body habits of the
patient, position changes, and hyperemia. The more consistent
values noted for outflow fraction suggested that using the initial
outflow velocity was a more valid test of overall venous outflow.
Analysis of the data still revealed a wide variation of values, and
an attempt to standardize the measurements was made by calculating
percent differences, rather than rising the variable absolute
values. Despite this, there remained large differences between
limbs. Nonetheless, the data did support the fact that there is
improvement in venous blood flow with the Nubax seat versus the
standard Lotus seat.
[0050] This study revealed an improvement in blood flow from the
lower extremities in the seated position when position was modified
by a NuBax seat. By reducing venous stasis in the lower extremities
there should be a decrease in the rate of DVT following prolonged
sitting. Modifications of seats in this way both for travel, and in
the workplace where prolonged sitting is anticipated, would be
beneficial in light of these results. The teachings of the present
invention incorporate these improvements as described herein, in
addition to offering for consideration improved tools to further
impact and vary stiffness and support parameters in seats and other
products which can be used for helmets, gloves, belts, shoes,
prosthetics, pads for sports, motorcycles and racing cars.
[0051] Similarly unique among the present invention are heretofore
undisclosed processes and products by the processes make extruded
silicone, tubes, rods and tubes inside rods and vice-versa to
cushion impact. CSF-1188 (A/B Formulation-GEL) from Nusil, Inc.
(Carpenteria, Calif.) is extruded/caulked/painted onto seats,
according to embodiments of the present invention, to increase the
ability of the instant system to be modified for various
applications. In this way, those challenged can use the instant
system to remain functional and comfortable while seated.
[0052] For example, 80 percent of adults in the United Kingdom
spend greater than 350 hours per year in cars and one-third
diagnosed with back pain have attributed sitting in cars or at work
as a cause of their malaise. By replacing standard foam with
stiffer materials, this invention provides enhanced cushioning and
may he sprayed, brushed or otherwise applied to seat. Likewise,
seating tools and stiffness as discussed, permitting the instant
systems to be used in everything from office chairs to Formula
One.RTM.-type racing cars.
[0053] For the United Kingdom, this contributes to massive totals
of compromised man-hours, in this case the example itself
ostensively amounts to an excess of 5 billion of work lost, in
pounds sterling. However, no combination of silicone hose and rod
element was known, prior to the teachings of the present
invention.
[0054] Fortunately, a mitigating process-set and various different
types of apparatus are now available from NuBax Limited (Weybridge,
Surry KTT13 OTT, United Kingdom) including the ProBax.RTM. brand of
seating technology, which provides a combination of features
tanging from significant improvements to comfort level, to
increased blood flow through the body, resulting in improved
alertness and performance. Likewise, according to the teachings of
the present invention a user experiences an enhanced driving
position allowing drivers to maintain a correct natural curvature
of the spinal process, for longer which maintains a head position
closet to the normal positioning of a conventional head restraint.
The resulting improved spatial awareness allows user to perceive
improved vehicle handling, among other things. Slippage of drivers
is also eliminated by this invention, owing to ischial tuberosity
positioning, inter alia.
[0055] The ProBax.RTM. brand of seating technology has been
incorporated into leading lines of cars, including the 2006 Lotus
MV Elise.RTM. and Exige.RTM. models. Marked postural position
improvements in occupants of the ProBax.RTM. brand of seating
technology have been noted. Medical professionals have validated
both the spinal maintenance aspects and the increased blood full
obtained with the teachings of the present disclosure. See, for
example U.S. Letters patents application Ser. Nos. 11/149,806 and
11/203,415 expressly incorporated herein by reference, as are U.S.
Letters Pat. Nos. 6,447,058 and 7,720,376.
[0056] Likewise, among those skilled in the aviation fields, the
benefits of reduced muscle fatigue have ostensively resulted in a
high degree of demand for the objects of the instant teachings.
This is particularly interesting in that the instant system has
been extensively tested with people of various shapes or sizes, and
provided substantial relief to them.
[0057] Turning now to FIG. 1 an example of the prior art seating is
shown. Those in the industry have pointed out a strong need for
cockpit space and economic efficiencies with involved materials.
Conventional seat 101 is shown in this view of the prior art.
Unlike this seating, the present invention, according to
embodiments optionally uses extruded rods, hoses and variable
density silicone elements to provide a firmness that many seats
benefit from, and, for example, high performance vehicles need. As
detailed below, each rod and hose-like element absorbs differential
energy valves to provide optimal seating for anyone using the
seats, from air-line passengers to race car drivers, inter
alia.
[0058] During the 1950's faced with analogous seating challenges,
the Untied States Air Force concluded that correct searing posture,
unlike that illustrated in FIG. 1 would have a strong likelihood of
improving alertness, based upon the improved blood flow. The
present invention makes this a mechanical reality.
[0059] A user seated in the prior art seat 101 of FIG. 1 slumps
into an uncomfortable posture and the user's head has nothing to
prevent, inhibit or otherwise defend against back and forth
movements, in attempts to achieve a helpful seating position. The
same is true of user's body, which is pushed into abutting contact
with upper portion 103 of conventional seat 101, or even worse,
uncomfortably shifted into a challenged posture wedged between
lower portion of conventional seat 105 and upper portion 103. Using
new variable density silicone elements overcomes this allowing for
blood flow and those benefits associated with the same.
[0060] Referring now to FIG. 2, the ProBax.RTM. brand of seating
technology is manifested in the schematic and exemplary seat 102,
which illustrates the working of aspects of the processes and
products of embodiments of the present invention. It is noted that
any user disposed upon seat 102 has a different set of angles
relative to both the back support/upper portion of seat 107 and
lower portion of seat 104. This is due to the unique configuration
of the instant disclosure and to the fact that inherent support
elements and no pre-existing lumbar mechanism work to make the user
misaligned as in FIG. 1.
[0061] Extensive work has been done relative to trials on the blood
flow or drivers in the seat of FIG. 2 versus the conventional
seating designs from the prior art. Conclusions by medical and
cardiovascular thought leaders consistently pointed to a
significant improvement in lower limb blood flow bar the occupants
of seats embodying the teachings of the present invention, as
discussed above.
[0062] It has been established that by creating a zone 109 for
landing the ischial tuberosities increased blood flow results and
response times are enhanced, alertness levels raised and marked
reductions in levels of muscle fatigue noted. There is likewise a
substantial reduction in DVT-like events, as detailed above, and
enjoyed by those using the instant seats.
[0063] The blood testing regimen was conducted by application of
Bernoulli's liquidation to specific measurements of blood pressure
and velocity through the femoral vein in the leg, enabling a
calculation of an individual's blood flow from one seat to another.
Measurements using the seat of FIG. 2, as embodied for examples in
those seats used with the 2006 Lotus brand of MV Elise.RTM.
automobiles demonstrated improvements detailed above over the seats
shown in FIG. 1, in terms of blood flow. Since patency of great
vessels correlates to mitigation of DVT, the present invention
uniquely avoids this tissue, as discussed, without comprising
posture.
[0064] Referring also to FIG. 3 and to FIG. 4, embodiments of the
present invention are shown as incorporated into seats for
automobiles and airplanes. As a user is situated on lower portion
of seat 104, the location of the extension members 115 and 117 will
urge a user's ischial tuberosities to be aligned, when combined
with upper extension member 113, such that a desired lordotic
posture (see FIG. 2) is maintained. This allows a user's upper
torso and neck to be positioned in a better alignment relative to
the back support/upper portion of the seat 107, and once aligned on
lower portion 104, by way of extension members 115 and 117, it
feels more comfortable and maintains better posture while engaged
in dynamic activity, such a driving a race car, or flying in a
plane.
[0065] FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of a fundiform element 111,
which is dimensionally varied relative to the weight of a user to
achieve optimal landing of the ischial tuberosities of the user.
Referring also to the illustrative schematic of FIG. 2, one can
view a typical user sitting on fundiform element 111 having an
overall length of at least about 950 millimeters (mm), with a width
of at least about 75 mm and a widest point of approximately 295 mm.
For an average user this means that at least about 370 mm is an
extension length for upper extension portion 113. Extension member
115 and 117 maybe optionally reduced, or one eliminated, depending
on user need. Likewise, using silicon rods are related supplemental
seating tools changes these values, as will be known to those
skilled in the art.
[0066] By way of further example, it has been discovered that
according to embodiments, angle theta is at least about 20 degrees,
or from at least about 20 to 27 degrees in an average seat, and may
vary from approximately one to thirty degrees based upon variations
in weight and size of the user. According to embodiments, web-like
support works with the instant system.
[0067] Likewise, the extension members 115 and 117 for chevrons)
are typically three to four inches in width (at least about 1
inches to 30 being possible) and the depth of these elements of
between 1/4 of an inch and 10 inches, with 1/2 of an inch to 1 inch
being average. As noted, depending on the seat, 117 or 115 may be
eliminated. Similarly, chevrons are further comprised of silicon
rods and related seating tools according to the teachings of the
present invention.
[0068] While the present invention has been illustrated and
described by means of specific embodiments, it is to be understood
that numerous changes and modifications can be made therein without
departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the
accompanying claims.
[0069] The tubular silicone components comprise tools for improving
tensile strength and thickness, and firmness enhancements. In FIG.
5--FIG. 8 the improved design is seen with a silicone sheet 222
(e.g., FIG, 5) being re-placed by a solid siring insert as in FIG 6
at 308. Area 38 is effective to maintain a pelvis tilt angle, and
spine channel 22 extends to at least about 4 inches, 4.times.1''
rubes can replace sheet 222, allowing muscle structures on either
side of the spine to be in separate yet continuous movement with
any known vehicle.
[0070] Referring now to FIG. 6, zone 38 (308 in seat) pushes, or
maintains pelvic tilt at the angle around the superior crest of the
pelvis instead of total weight bearing being on the ischial
tuberosities. Such improvements allow for load bearing without
compromise of desired postures which the NuBax brand of searing
systems offer for consideration.
[0071] FIGS. 7A and 7B show alternate seats, by the process and
products, each silicon tubular component separately recovers its
full memory for pelvis and ischial tuberosities, those skilled
understand that for such a new design, an area that bulges would
actually push or keep pelvis tilted at angle around the superior
crest of the pelvis instead of total weight bearing an the ischial
tuberosities. Likewise, according to the new silicon tube design,
the hollow tube can easily be made into the tensile strength
enduring bundles deemed necessary for energy absorption. The tube
solid piece can then be made specifically to address the
thickness/firmness needed per specific seating need. See also, U.S.
Letters Pat. No. 7,270,376, expressly incorporated herein by
reference for details of customization of seats for uses and
applications.
[0072] For each of these seating systems, variable stiffness is
impacted by enhanced seating tools, for example in the spinal
channel where the existing silicon "sheet" is placed would be
replaced with the silicon hose tubes with a solid string insert
depending upon the nature of absorption. A first production extends
the width size of the spine channel to 4 inches, as shown at FIG.
7B.
[0073] By way of further example, four 1 inch tubes with inserts
are used in place of the solid sheet. This allows the muscle
structures on either side of the spine to be in separate yet
continued movement with the car. In essence, each tube works
separately and recovers its full memory as it is compressed the
same effect works on the pelvis as well as tire ischial
tuberosities.
[0074] Referring still to FIGS. 7A and B, effective are 3-5 tubes
depending on desired/quantified need for absorption. This is
recessed into the seat to give a "flat" effect. As you sit in the
seat, the tubes compress just like the flat sheet so there would be
no bulging cited into the body. This area, described before, is
solid or rib-like tubes incorporated as well. This process does
actually "decrease" weight on the seat according to prototypes
made. In the above-mentioned areas, currently non specific foams
have been used to absorb skeletal shock. Through specific silicon
placements this helps eliminate specific shock, as known to
artisans. Likewise, high performance parameters are delineated this
way.
[0075] Referring to FIG. 8, recessing the edges of the spine allow
either the solid silicon sheets or the silicon rubes to be caulked
into the seat to eliminate the need for slip tape. This
caulk/design process is used in all recessed areas of the seat.
This eliminates tapes and help reduce slippage. Spraying or
brushing a thin layer of same silicon could then be applied over
all. This would make the seat fire proof, wafer proof, slip proof
and could be treated for washings off of oil and other products, as
known to those skilled in the art.
[0076] As discussed, tube and rod size varies, and depends on
application being addressed. Likewise, these tools are readily
incorporated with existing and later developed seats. (See FIG.
2-8). For example, silicon tubes 51 range from at least about 1
inch in outside diameter, with an inside diameter of 3/4 of an inch
and rod 55 can be 1/2 inch outside diameter with 1/4 inch inside
diameter. The choice of size may depend on the application in which
the material is to be incorporated (for example, a child's seat may
benefit from being constructed of a smaller dimensioned series of
elements than an adults seat) or the properties required of the
material.
[0077] FIG, 9 shows a section of material incorporating hollow
outer silicon tubular elements 51 containing solid silicon tubular
insert elements 55. The outer elements 51 are glued or otherwise
bonded together to form a substantially planar layer or sheet of
material. As will be appreciated by the person skilled in the art,
a body impacting with the material will first cause the outer
silicon element 51 to deform, flexing inwards until the inside
diameter of the outer tubular element 51 contacts the solid tubular
insert element 55 inside. This solid element 55 will then flex (in
embodiments where the ends of the elements 51, 55 are held taut,
this will cause the solid element 55 to stretch slightly) until it
contacts the outer element 51 on the other side. Depending on the
force applied by the impacting body, the solid tubular insert
element 55 could then deform classically and/or both the outer 51
and the insert element 55 could be caused to stretch.
[0078] It will therefore be appreciated that the resilience of the
material acts to cushion the impact and/or support a body applying
pressure thereto in a number of ways. First, the `shape memory`
properties of the outer element 51 will act to return the outer
element 51 to its original shape. In addition, if the solid insert
element 55 has been caused to deform (such that it assumes a
substantially oval, rather than circular cross section), its `shape
memory` properties will set to return the solid insert element 55
to its original shape. In addition, the stretching of the members
51, 55 will provide an elastic restoring force. It will also be
appreciated that some or all of those forces will come into play
depending on force of the impact and/or the pressure applied by the
body and that therefore the response of the material to a hard
impact wall be different to that if a gentle pressure is applied
thereto. In any event, the force applied by the body will be
distributed along the elements 51, 55. It will also be appreciated
that, depending on the size and shape of the body, some elements
50, 51 will be effected differently to other elements 51, 55 across
the width of the material.
[0079] Referring to FIG. 10, likewise shown are details of solid
tubular insert elements 61 within a silicon cell like structure,
wherein the cells have a triangular cross section 50. Although in
the embodiment shown, the solid elements are tubular, in other
embodiments the insert elements could be triangular, could
themselves be hollow, and could be of varying sizes, diameters and
silicon elasticity depending on the need for energy
absorption/deflection. The triangle design provides a substantial
surface, which may be advantageous in some embodiments.
[0080] Referring to FIG. 11, details of tubular members and various
tools incorporating the same effectively used with the instant
system or in other applications, are shown. The material 63
incorporates diamond-shaped cells 65, in conjunction with insert
rods 67 and with triangular cells 59 as shown in FIG. 10. This also
allows a flat surface to be formed and the diamond shaped cells 65
will (all either variables being equal) provide a greater clamping
force that the triangular cells 59.
[0081] All of the embodiments described in FIGS. 9 to 11 are
flexible so could be formed or fitted to various shapes, can be
readily incorporated or retrofitted into awkward spaces and the
like.
[0082] It will he appreciated that the response of the material to
an impact or to pressure can be determined according to the
application in which the material is to be incorporated. The
variables which could be altered include: [0083] Durometer of meet
insert element, [0084] Absolute and relative sizes of elements
(this affects the `clearance` before the material becomes
compacted) [0085] Longitudinal elasticity of outer/insert elements
[0086] Shape of outer/insert elements [0087] Providing insert
elements which ate themselves hollow or which are solid [0088]
Varying the tension under which some or all of the outer and/or
insert elements are held [0089] Sealing the outer element to
provide an airtight (or substantially airtight) chamber [0090]
Structure of material (e.g. woven elements rather than parallel
elements).
[0091] While the seat illustrated herein comprises a cushion, the
material need not be disposed within a cushion and could instead be
stretched in a frame or the like to provide the seat. The seat (or
other application) could comprise sections of material according to
the invention and sections of another material, for example nylon
webbing or the like. Alternatively, the illustrated seat could
comprise one area of material according to the present invention of
a first durometer defining the chevron pattern and/or back support
and a second area of material according to the present invention of
a second durometer, thus providing the two primary material
densities described above. This use of two primary material
densities could of course also be used in the applications.
[0092] While the method and apparatus have been described in terms
of what are presently considered to be the most practical and
preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the disclosure
need not be limited to the disclosed embodiments. It is intended to
cover various modifications and similar arrangements included
within the spirit and scope of the claims, the scope of which
should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass
ail such modifications and similar structures. The present
disclosure includes any and all embodiments of the following
claims.
[0093] It should also be understood that a variety of changes may
be made without departing from the essence of the invention. Such
changes are also implicitly included in the description. They still
fill within the scope of this invention. It should be understood
that this disclosure is intended to yield a patent covering
numerous aspects of the invention both independently and as an
overall system and in both method and apparatus modes.
[0094] Further, each of the various elements of the invention and
claims may also be achieved in a variety of manners. This
disclosure should he understood to encompass each such variation,
be it a variation of an embodiment of any apparatus embodiment, a
method or process embodiment, or even merely a variation of any
element of these.
[0095] Particularly, it should be understood that as the disclosure
relates to elements of the invention, the words for each element
stray be expressed by equivalent apparatus terms or method
terms--even if only the function or result is the same.
[0096] Such equivalent, broader, or even more genetic terms should
be considered to be encompassed in the description of each element
or action. Such terms can be substituted where desired to make
explicit the implicitly broad coverage to which this invention is
entitled.
[0097] It should be understood that all actions may be expressed as
a means for taking that action or as an element which causes that
action.
[0098] While the apparatus and method have been described in terms
of what are presently considered to be the most practical and
preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the disclosure
need not be limited to the disclosed embodiments. It is intended to
cover various modifications and similar arrangements included
within the spirit and scope of the claims, the scope of which
should he accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass
all such modifications and similar structures. The present
disclosure includes any and all embodiments of the following
claims.
* * * * *