U.S. patent application number 11/927471 was filed with the patent office on 2008-03-13 for dental whitening compositions.
This patent application is currently assigned to Discus Dental, LLC. Invention is credited to Robert Hayman, Jeff MacDonald, Nancy N. Quan.
Application Number | 20080063612 11/927471 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36096109 |
Filed Date | 2008-03-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080063612 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
MacDonald; Jeff ; et
al. |
March 13, 2008 |
Dental Whitening Compositions
Abstract
A two-component whitening system has a de-sensitizing effect as
well as re-mineralizing capability. The system may be an unfoamed,
a foamed or a foamable composition. The system has a first
component with at least one peroxide compound, at least one source
of phosphate and at least one gelling agent; and a second component
with at least one source of calcium, strontium and/or mixtures
thereof. The second component may also contain at least one gelling
agent, and the composition maybe present as a foam or is foamable.
The composition may be packed in a two-compartment syringe.
Inventors: |
MacDonald; Jeff; (Pomona,
CA) ; Quan; Nancy N.; (North Hills, CA) ;
Hayman; Robert; (Los Angeles, CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
DISCUS DENTAL IMPRESSIONS, INC.
8550 HIGUERA STREET
CULVER CITY
CA
90232
US
|
Assignee: |
Discus Dental, LLC
Culver City
CA
|
Family ID: |
36096109 |
Appl. No.: |
11/927471 |
Filed: |
October 29, 2007 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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11271412 |
Nov 9, 2005 |
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11927471 |
Oct 29, 2007 |
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60626407 |
Nov 9, 2004 |
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60631121 |
Nov 26, 2004 |
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60646309 |
Jan 22, 2005 |
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60653421 |
Feb 15, 2005 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
424/53 ;
433/215 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 8/19 20130101; A61C
19/066 20130101; A61Q 11/00 20130101; A61K 8/60 20130101; A61K 8/22
20130101; A61K 2800/88 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
424/053 ;
433/215 |
International
Class: |
A61K 8/22 20060101
A61K008/22; A61C 17/00 20060101 A61C017/00; A61Q 11/00 20060101
A61Q011/00 |
Claims
1-37. (canceled)
38. A light-activatable 2-component dental whitening system
comprising: a first component comprising at least one peroxide
compound, at least one source of phosphate and at least one gelling
agent; and a second component comprising at least one source of
calcium, strontium or mixtures thereof, and at least one gelling
agent; wherein said peroxide compound decomposes in the presence of
light.
39. The light-activatable 2-component dental whitening system of
claim 38 wherein said second component comprises at least one
peroxide compound.
40. The light-activatable 2-component dental whitening system of
claim 38 wherein said second component further comprises an
ingredient selected from a group consisting of a de-sensitizing
agent, an antibacterial agent, a fluoridating agent, a vitamin
supplement, an anti-staining agent, an anti-plaque agent and
mixtures thereof.
41. The light-activatable 2-component dental whitening system of
claim 38 wherein the source of phosphate in the first component is
selected from the group consisting of monosodium phosphate
(NaH.sub.2PO.sub.4), disodium phosphate, tetrapotassium
pyrophosphate and mixtures thereof
42. The light-activatable 2-component dental whitening system of
claim 41 wherein said source of phosphate is adapted to adjust the
pH value of the dental whitening system.
43. The light-activatable 2-component dental whitening system of
claim 42 wherein the pH value of the system is about 5 to about
8.
44. The light-activatable 2-component dental whitening system of
claim 42 wherein the pH value of the system is about 5.5 to about
6.5.
45. The light-activatable 2-component dental whitening system of
claim 38 wherein the system is foamable.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
patent applications Ser. No. 60/626,407,filed Nov. 9, 2004,
entitled "Tooth Whitening Compositions"; 60/631,121, filed Nov. 26,
2004, entitled "Whitening System"; 60/643,309, filed Jan. 22, 2005
entitled "Dental Whitening"; and 60/653,421, filed Feb. 15, 2005,
entitled "Whitening System Capable of Effective Whitening Action";
the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to improvements in tooth
treatment compositions. In particular, this invention relates to
whitening compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] A tooth is comprised of an inner dentin layer and an outer
hard enamel that is coated with a protective layer called the
acquired pellicle. The enamel layer is composed of hydroxyapatite
crystals that create a somewhat porous surface. The pellicle or the
enamel can become stained or discolored. It is believed that the
porous nature of the enamel layer is what allows staining agents
and discoloring substances to permeate the enamel and discolor the
tooth.
[0004] Many substances that a person's teeth confront or come in
contact with on a daily basis can "stain" or reduce the "whiteness"
of one's teeth. In particular, food products, tobacco products and
fluids such as tea and coffee that one consumes tend to stain one's
teeth. These staining and discoloring substances can then permeate
the enamel and cause noticeable discoloration of one's teeth. At
the same time, some of the food and drinks can cause
de-mineralization of the teeth.
[0005] One solution to the staining problem is through tooth
bleaching. Some dentifrices, like toothpastes, gels, and powders,
contain active oxygen or hydrogen peroxide liberating bleaching
agents including peroxides, percarbonates and perborates of the
alkali and alkaline earth metals or complex compounds containing
hydrogen peroxide.
[0006] The amount of whitening obtained during tooth bleaching is
dependent upon (1) the length of time each day the tray is worn;
(2) the number of days the tray is worn; (3) the susceptibility of
the teeth to the bleaching agent and (4) the concentration of
active peroxides. For maximum whitening, an accelerated treatment
time of approximately 18-20 hours per day is recommended.
[0007] One concern with some bleaching compositions is that
prolonged treatment with highly concentrated bleaching agents
present in the composition may contribute to tooth sensitivity
following treatment. Even treatments with compositions not known to
increase tooth sensitivity in most patients might still cause
sensitivity in patients more prone to such sensitivity
tendencies.
[0008] Another concern is that aggressive brushing, or any
treatment with lower pH whitening compositions, as noted in Price
et al. (The pH of Tooth-Whitening Products, J Can Dent Assoc,
66:421-6, 2000), may also lead to further de-mineralization of the
tooth, decreasing its hardness.
[0009] Many attempts have been made to provide dentinal sensitivity
relief, sometimes in a separate system from the bleaching system.
Other attempts have been made to use a single system to attack both
problems. At the same time, attempts have been made to
re-mineralize the tooth, again in separate systems.
[0010] Therefore, there remains a need for a one-system approach to
solving all the above mentioned problems and/or potential problems
confronting the tooth.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The present invention relates to a one-system approach to
whitening, sensitivity relief and re-mineralization.
[0012] The system may be a 2-component treatment composition having
a first component including at least one peroxide compound, at
least one source of phosphate and at least one gelling agent; and a
second component including at least one source of calcium,
strontium and/or mixtures thereof, and at least one gelling
agent.
[0013] In one embodiment, the system may be a foamable
composition.
[0014] In another embodiment, the first component may also contain
a de-sensitizing agent.
[0015] The system also includes a 2-component foamed composition
having a first component including at least one peroxide compound,
at least one source of phosphate and at least one gelling agent;
and a second component including at least one source of calcium,
strontium and/or mixtures thereof.
[0016] The system further includes a 2-component foamable
composition having a first component including at least one
peroxide compound, at least one source of phosphate and at least
one gelling agent; and a second component including at least one
source of calcium, strontium and/or mixtures thereof, and at least
one foaming agent.
[0017] In one embodiment of the invention, the second component may
include at least one source of peroxide.
[0018] In another embodiment of the invention, the second component
may include a de-sensitizing agent.
[0019] In yet another embodiment of the invention, both components
may include a de-sensitizing agent.
[0020] In a further embodiment of the invention, the first
component may also include a gel stabilizer.
[0021] In yet a further embodiment of the invention, the first
component may be substantially milky, cloudy, opaque or colored,
and the second component may be substantially clear, and vice
versa; or both components may be substantially milky, cloudy,
opaque or colored.
[0022] In still another embodiment of the invention, the
two-components of the system are adapted to be admixed and applied
to the teeth from a dental tray for sustained contact.
[0023] In yet still a further embodiment of the invention, the
foamable system may form a long lasting, collapsible foam having a
half life of at least about 1 hour.
[0024] In still yet another embodiment of the invention, the foamed
system may be a long lasting, collapsible foam having a half life
of at least about a month.
[0025] In other embodiments of the invention, the two components of
the system may be provided in a two barrel syringe. In one aspect,
the syringe may be provided with a dispensing tip. In another
aspect, the dispensing tip may be adapted for foaming. In a further
aspect, the tip may include a mixer.
[0026] In still other embodiment of the invention, the two
components of the system may be provided in a container having
separate compartments for the components. In one aspect, the
container may be provided with a dispensing pump.
[0027] The present invention further relates to a system approach
for whitening and remineralizing. In one embodiment, the system may
include a low peroxide content whitening composition having
remineralizing effect. In another embodiment, the system may
include a low peroxide content whitening composition having
remineralizing effect with sensitivity relief. In yet another
embodiment, the system may include a low peroxide content whitening
composition having remineralizing effect and fluoride treatment. In
a further embodiment, the system may include a low peroxide content
whitening composition having remineralizing effect, fluoride
treatment and anti-bacterial effect. In others embodiments, any of
the combination effects desired may be achieved. In even more
embodiments, other agents, including anti-plaque agents,
anti-staining agents, vitamin supplements or others that may be
beneficial to teeth, breath or even general health care may be
included.
[0028] The present invention together with the above and other
advantages may best be understood from the following detailed
description of the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0029] The detailed description set forth below is intended as a
description of the presently exemplified dental whitening
compositions provided in accordance with aspects of the present
invention and is not intended to represent the only forms in which
the present invention may be prepared or utilized. The description
sets forth the features and the steps for preparing and using the
dental whitening compositions of the present invention. It is to be
understood, however, that the same or equivalent functions and
ingredients incorporated in the dental whitening compositions may
be accomplished by different embodiments that are also intended to
be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the invention.
[0030] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms
used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of
ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although
any methods, devices and materials similar or equivalent to those
described herein may be used in the practice or testing of the
invention, the exemplified methods, devices and materials are now
described.
[0031] All publications mentioned herein are incorporated herein by
reference for the purposes of describing and disclosing, for
example, the compositions and methodologies that are described in
the publications which might be used in connection with the
presently described invention. The publications listed or discussed
above, below and throughout the text are provided solely for their
disclosure prior to the filing date of the present application.
Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the
inventors are not entitled to antedate such disclosures by virtue
of prior invention.
[0032] The bleaching compositions of this invention includes a
two-component system, at least one of the components include at
least one peroxide compound.
[0033] The peroxide containing component may include, for example,
metal ion free peroxide compounds. Examples of suitable metal ion
free peroxide compounds include hydrogen peroxide and organic
peroxides including urea peroxide (carbamide peroxide), glyceryl
peroxide, benzoyl peroxide and the like. More for example,
peroxides include hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide and
mixtures thereof. The total peroxide present in the whitening gel
ranges, for example, from about 0.5% by weight to about 45% by
weight of the gel, more for example, from about 1% by weight to
about 35% by weight of the gel.
[0034] When hydrogen peroxide is used, it is usually provided as a
50% aqueous solution. When used alone, the amount of the hydrogen
peroxide aqueous solution in the peroxide gel ranges for example,
from about 1% to about 60% (0.5% to 30% in the absence of water);
more for example, the amount ranges from about 2% to about 40% (1%
to 20% in the absence of water).
[0035] On the other hand, when carbamide peroxide is used, it is
likely to be used in combination with hydrogen peroxide, though it
may be used alone.
[0036] When used in combination, the carbamide peroxide is
generally present, for example, in an amount from about 0% by
weight to about 40% by weight, and more for example, in an amount
from about 0.5% to about 35% by weight. At the same time, hydrogen
peroxide, for example, is provided as a 50% aqueous solution and is
generally present in an amount of from about 0.5% to about 30%
(0.25% to 15% in the absence of water); more for example, in an
amount of about 1% to about 30% (0.5% to 15% in the absence of
water).
[0037] The peroxide source may be present in either one or both
components of the system. When it is also present in the second
component, the combined total source of peroxide content is in the
same range as is disclosed above.
[0038] The composition of the present invention may be an unfoamed,
foamed or foamable composition. In general, a foamed composition
may include the same or higher peroxide concentration as that
present in an unfoamed composition. On the other hand, a foamable
composition may include a higher peroxide concentration in the
unfoamed state so that the concentration of peroxide after foaming
may be the same or higher than the level present in a typical gel.
For foamable compositions, the amounts of peroxide noted above may
represent those in the foamed state.
[0039] For an unfoamed gel system, additional components may be
added to form a stable gel. These may include gelling agents, gel
stabilizers, humectants, and other adjuvants for improving gel
consistency, may be added to one or both components.
[0040] Gelling agents which may be used in the preparation of
whitening gels include, for example, cellulosic gums, fumed silica,
for example, CAB-O-SIL fumed silica provided by Cabot Corporation,
and emulsifying waxes such as Polawax (emulsifying wax NF) or
Crodafos CES (cetearyl alcohol (and) dicetyl phosphate (and)
ceteth-10 phosphate), provided by Croda, Inc., and mixtures
thereof, in amounts to provide a stable gel. Some examples of
cellulosic gum may include `Klucel` GF, a hydroxymethyl
propylcellulose from Hercules.
[0041] In addition to the addition of heat, light and/or chemicals,
the amount of whitening obtained during a bleaching process is
generally dependent upon (1) the length of time the teeth is in
contact with the whitening agent; (2) the number of days the
treatment is carried out; (3) the susceptibility of the teeth to
the bleaching agent and (4) concentration of active peroxide, as
noted above. For maximum whitening, a long treatment time with a
highly concentrated bleaching composition is generally recommended,
as noted before.
[0042] Bleaching activity of a peroxide compound is generally
dictated by the availability of active peroxides, and not generally
by the actual concentration of peroxide present in the composition.
When peroxide is present in solution, active peroxides are readily
available. However, a solution, by its nature, is not easily
contained, and/or not amenable for sustain action when applied to a
patient's teeth, again because it is difficult to confine it to any
desired location for any length of time. Thus, a less concentrated
peroxide solution requiring longer contact time to be effective is
not practical in a solution environment. A more concentrated
solution of peroxide, though more efficient in bleaching, is
likewise not suitable in a solution environment because it will not
solve the confinement and prolonged contact problem. In addition,
any concentrated peroxide solution that may come into contact with
soft tissue inside a patient's mouth may potentially cause tissue
damage. Therefore, to maintain effective bleaching with good
containment so as to minimize potential tissue damage, various
gelling agents, thickeners, adhesion promoters and/or similar
additives may be used, as discussed above in the unfoamed system.
These result in the formation of paste, gels, and similar forms,
which are effective whitening systems. It is surmised that some of
the additives used, though effective in containment and bleaching,
may somewhat decrease the bleaching activity by inhibiting the
availability of active peroxides, especially if the composition
contain thickeners or adhesion promoters derived from polymers of
acrylic acid (carbomer), pyrrolidone analog thickeners, or others.
Such additives may lead to diminished whitening capacity of
peroxides through ionic and covalent interactions within the gel,
and act against the desired effect of tooth whitening.
[0043] Foaming may be another way to improve substantivity without
some of the above mentioned additives. Foamed compositions may also
provide prolonged contact without high amounts of additives that
may tend to somewhat inhibit the activity of active peroxides, thus
further improving the whitening activity. Foams may be formulated
with the same or higher amounts of active ingredients and smaller
amounts of inactive ingredients. In a given volume, smaller amounts
of inactive ingredients such as gelling agents, thickeners,
adhesion promoters or similar may be present in the foamed state
compared to unfoamed state. Without wishing to be bound to a
theory, it is surmised that air performs the function of an
inactive ingredient such as a gelling agent, a thickener, an
adhesion promoter or mixtures thereof, to give the needed
substantivity; but air molecules in general do not inhibit the
availability of active peroxides to the same extent as other
inactive ingredients needed for substantivity in an unfoamed gel.
Thus, a foamed composition has the substantivity of a composition
having higher amounts of ingredients such as gelling agents,
thickeners, adhesion promoters or similar inactive ingredients, but
with more availability of active peroxides for bleaching action
even if the same concentration of peroxide is present. In other
words, foaming may in effect substitute air bubbles for gelling
agents to create substantivity.
[0044] Thus, a foamed or foamable composition of the present
invention may increase the rate of whitening activity, if desired,
without the problems encountered by solutions. Not only is a foamed
composition manageable without confinement problems during use, it
may also be capable of delivering a high concentration of active
peroxide by not inhibiting the availability of active peroxides,
and at the same time, may also seek to fill crevices, sometimes
seeping into gaps where gaps are not apparent, thus offering
effective whitening action not only to the front surface of a
tooth, but surfaces in-between teeth as well. Therefore, foaming
may potentially provide all the benefits that are not currently
available to other whitening systems.
[0045] Foams in general also have lower surface tension than their
unfoamed counterparts and may therefore be spread as thin as one
molecule thick sheets, while at the same time increasing its
surface area, thus covering more area with the same volume of
whitening composition than their unfoamed counterparts. The ability
to lower surface tension may also make the stains easier to
remove.
[0046] The foamed bubbles, through the forces of capillary action
and lowered surface tension, are also themselves good wetting
agents, so that a bleaching solution may penetrate through smaller
openings, as noted above. The rapid penetration into the tightest
spots may also be aided by the distribution of the sizes and shapes
of bubbles. Thus, foams may even cause deeper penetration of active
peroxide molecules.
[0047] It is further surmised that active peroxides may also be
captured inside the bubbles of foams. As the bubbles collapse, the
active peroxide agent is released to perform whitening actions.
[0048] The foamed or foamable composition of the present invention
not only has advantages over unfoamed gels, as discussed above,
such as flowing between enamel rods, and insuring that more active
ingredients get to the areas not previously reachable, but may also
provide better sustained action in a home use setting.
[0049] For home use, a tray is generally used for sustain contact
between the whitening composition and the surface of tooth or teeth
to effect whitening. Compositions in the art generally use
additives having high adhesion strength to help retain the
composition and even the tray in place. Foams may provide such
sustain contact without resorting to the use of the kind of
adhesion promoting additives used in the art. Foams may also more
evenly spread any stress exerted on the teeth or tray. In addition,
foamed compositions have lower density and thus are more amenable
for sustain contact without gravity drag. Thus, foams not only
facilitate the whitening action but may also facilitate the ease of
application, penetration into difficult to reach areas, retention
and removal. It is further surmised that the active whitening
ingredients may be captured inside the bubbles and such bubbles may
serve as controlled whitening devices by metering the amount of
active peroxides acting on the teeth over time as the bubbles
collapse.
[0050] In some embodiments, the foamed composition may be made
during manufacturing of the gels and may be packaged accordingly.
Foam formation may be effected by any agitation or whipping action,
use of foaming agents and combinations thereof. Such foams may be
made to be long lasting with a desired shelf life, for example, at
least about a month.
[0051] In other embodiments, foaming agents may be present to
render the composition foamable so that foams are generated just
prior to use. Some foaming agents may also aid in increasing the
adhesion of the gel to a solid surface by allowing it to spread
over a greater surface area.
[0052] In still other embodiments, foams may be formed just prior
to use by agitation with or without any foaming agent.
[0053] Thus, some compositions include at least one foaming agent.
Different categories of foaming agents are suitable, and they may
produce foams in different ways. Suitable foaming agents may
include certain surfactants such as anionic, nonionic, amphoteric,
zwitterionic, cationic, or mixtures thereof.
[0054] Some of these aids in foam formation and some do not. Some
surfactants are useful purely for their foaming properties alone,
some act only as emulsifiers or wetting agents without foaming, and
some even act to reduce foaming. The functions of the surfactants
are not necessarily determined by the category they belong to.
[0055] Anionic surfactants include, but not limited to
water-soluble salts of alkyl sulfates having from about 8 to about
20 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical (such as sodium alkyl
sulfate), water-soluble salts of sulfonated monoglycerides of fatty
acids having from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms and mixtures
thereof. Examples of anionic surfactants include Sodium lauryl
sulfate, sodium coconut monoglyceride sulfonates, phospholipids,
sarcosinates, such as sodium lauryl sarcosinate, taurates, sodium
lauryl sulfoacetate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium laureth
carboxylate, and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate. Many of these
anionic surfactants are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,959,458, the
content of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by
reference.
[0056] Nonionic surfactants may include, but not limited, to
compounds including a hydrophilic and hydrophobic components (which
maybe produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups
(hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound which
may be aliphatic or alkyl-aromatic in nature). Examples of suitable
nonionic surfactants include low viscosity poloxamers (sold under
the trade name Pluronic), low viscosity hydroxyethyl cellulose,
polysorbates, polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters (sold under the trade
name Tweens), fatty alcohol ethoxylates, polyethylene oxide
condensates of alkyl phenols, products derived from the
condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction product of
propylene oxide and ethylene diamine, ethylene oxide condensates of
aliphatic alcohols, long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain
tertiary phosphine oxides, long chain dialkyl sulfoxides, and
mixtures thereof.
[0057] Amphoteric surfactants may include, but is not limited to
derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the
aliphatic component may be a straight chain or branched and one of
the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon
atoms and one contains an anionic water-solubilizing group, such as
carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, phosphonate, betaines,
specifically cocamidopropyl betaine, and mixtures thereof.
[0058] Many of these nonionic and amphoteric surfactants are
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,051,234, the content of which is
incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[0059] In the present invention, the exemplified surfactants, when
used in foamable compositions, are those that not only have some
foaming capabilities, but also those with some ability to act as
wetting agents.
[0060] Actually, any asymmetrical molecule dissolved in water will
make at least a weak surfactant. Such weak surfactants may normally
not be an effective foaming agent, but its effectiveness may be
improved if a foaming dispenser is used. Asymmetrical molecules as
used herein include those that include a hydrophilic and a
hydrophobic segment, such as some of the nonionic surfactants
mentioned above. One end of the molecule is thus polar in nature
and dissolves in water, while the other end is nonpolar in nature
and avoids water. When in water, the surfactant molecules oriented
themselves with their polar ends towards the water molecules,
leaving the nonpolar ends free to attract nonpolar molecules. It is
surmised that in a foamed or foamable composition of the present
invention, the non-polar ends help to lift tooth surface stains,
allowing them to be washed away with the water.
[0061] The amount of foaming agents may range, for example, from
about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the foamable composition, more
for example, from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight, even more for
example, less than about 1% by weight.
[0062] Still other foaming agents may include reaction products of
any base with an acid. These may include, for example, an alkali
metal carbonate or bicarbonate, such as sodium bicarbonate,
potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, or
an alkaline metal carbonate or bicarbonate such as magnesium or
calcium bicarbonate or carbonate. The amount used may range, for
example, from about 1% to about 10% by weight, more for example,
from about 3% to about 7%, still more for example, from about 3.5
to about 5.5% by weight of the composition. The amount used may
also depend on the volume of foam required. Thus, by varying the
amount of foaming agents, the amount of foam produced may be varied
accordingly.
[0063] Generally, the ratio of acid and base ranges, for example,
from about 1:0.5 to 1:25, more for example, from about 1:1 to 1:4,
by weight. Suitable acids include strong acids such as water
soluble carboxylic acids, phosphoric acids, nitric acids, and/or
sulfuric acids.
[0064] Additionally, a foaming agent may also be a gaseous
material. The gaseous material may be any inert gas or a gas
generated by mixing a basic peroxide solution with an acid
solution.
[0065] Since the whitening activity results when active peroxide
comes into contact with the tooth, the foams generated just prior
to use may for example, not need to be too long lasting, if the
active ingredients are surmized to be captured within the bubbles,
but have a substantive body so that the amount of liquid formed,
i.e., the collapsing of the foam bubbles to release active
peroxide, may be controlled and balanced. Therefore, the exemplary
compositions are not only foamable, but are also capable of
producing longer lasting, collapsible foams.
[0066] The foams generated by a foamable composition generally have
half lives of, for example, from about 1 to 10 hours, more for
example, from about 2 to 5 hours. A foam having a half life of 2
hours means that 50% of the bubbles would collapse to release the
encapsulated whitening agent, or that the volume of the foam is
reduced by 50% in about 2 hours after formation, and 75% of all the
bubbles are gone, or the volume of the foam is reduced by 75% in
about 4 hours.
[0067] The collapse time or half lives of the foam depends on a
number of factors. For example, the greater the amount of bubbles
formed, the longer the collapse time. Also, the lower the viscosity
of the thickeners, and/or other inactive ingredients, the shorter
the collapse time. The collapse time may also depend on the nature
of the other additives to the composition, which have surface
active properties e.g., surfactants or preservatives as well as the
environment. For example, a drier environment may contribute to
faster collapse of bubbles.
[0068] For foamed compositions, the collapsible bubbles typically
have very extended half lives when confined in the package, for
example, at least about a month, more for example, at least about
three months. During use, the collapse of the foamed bubbles is
aided by the environment, such as the loss of water or solvent to
the environment, and the saliva in the patient's mouth. A packaging
may be designed so that a foamed composition may have a desired
shelf life after the package or container has been opened and the
remaining has been exposed to air. A single-use packaging may also
be designed.
[0069] For example, a lower viscosity gelling agent or thickener
may be used. They are not as likely to inhibit the availability of
active peroxides to the same extent as a higher viscosity gelling
agent. The viscosity is for example, generally less than about
10,000 cps, more for example, less than about 8,000 cps, and even
more for example, less than about 5,000 cps.
[0070] Suitable foaming agents include foamable surfactants
including at least some sodium lauryl Sulfate as the primary
foaming agent.
[0071] As discussed above, substantivity, i.e. the ability of a
product to linger, is a desirable property in any whitening
composition. On the other hand when the desired property of a
product is the ability to be rinsed off easily, a foaming
surfactant would not be used. However, there is a general desire
that a whitening composition may both have substantivity and the
ease to be rinsed off. When this is desired, foams generated in a
"foaming pump", a dispensing tip adapted for foaming, or a
dispensing tip including a mixer adapted for foaming may be used.
Such foaming devices again may produce foams with desirable
properties, while using a minimum of amount of surfactants, for
example, less than about 0.5%. At the same time, some combinations
of additives may be chosen to produce the desired effect as well,
such as by the addition of other foaming agents.
[0072] For remineralizing effects, amorphous calcium compounds may
be used. Amorphous calcium compounds such as amorphous calcium
phosphate (ACP), amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (ACPF),
amorphous calcium carbonate phosphate (ACCP), amorphous calcium
carbonate phosphate (ACCP), and amorphous calcium carbonate
phosphate fluoride (ACCPF) may be used in remineralizing teeth.
These amorphous compounds are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.
5,037,639, 5,268,167, 5,437,857, 5,562,895, 6,000,341, and
6,056,930, the disclosure of each is hereby incorporated by
reference in its entirety.
[0073] In addition to amorphous calcium compounds, amorphous
strontium compounds such as amorphous strontium phosphate (ASP),
amorphous strontium phosphate fluoride (ASPF), amorphous strontium
calcium phosphate (ASCP), amorphous strontium calcium carbonate
phosphate (ASCCP), amorphous strontium carbonate phosphate fluoride
(ASCPF) and amorphous strontium calcium carbonate phosphate
fluoride (ASCCPF) may be used in re-mineralization, as noted above.
These compounds are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,534,244, the
content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its
entirety.
[0074] Some of the compounds mentioned above may also be used in
fluoridating teeth. All of the above amorphous compounds or
solutions which form the amorphous compounds, when applied either
onto or into dental tissue, may aid to prevent and/or repair dental
weaknesses such as dental caries, exposed roots and dentin
sensitivity.
[0075] For example, the first component of the whitening system may
include a source of phosphate and the second component may include
a source of calcium or strontium.
[0076] For example, the source of phosphate in the first component
may include monosodium phosphate (NaH.sub.2PO.sub.4), disodium
phosphate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate or mixtures thereof. As
discussed above, the second component may include a source of
calcium or strontium, and when the two gel components are mixed,
may combine with phosphate to form the various amorphous calcium
and/or strontium phosphates.
[0077] The source of phosphate may be, for example, present in an
amount of from about 0.2% to about 5% by weight, more for example,
between about 0.2% to about 4% by weight.
[0078] The source of calcium, strontium or combinations thereof in
the second component may include, for example, a calcium salt, a
strontium salt, or mixtures thereof, more for example, a calcium
salt such as calcium nitrate, in an amount of, for example, from
about 0.25% by weight to about 1.5% by weight, more for example,
about 0.3% to about 1% by weight.
[0079] In practice, as much phosphate as possible or practicable
may be included. However, amounts of monosodium phosphate in excess
of about 4% by weight may tend to affect gel stability.
[0080] Surprisingly, the phosphate component present in the first
component according to the ranges mentioned above may also act to
stabilize the gel. At higher levels, the stabilizing effect
gradually disappears.
[0081] Additionally, the phosphate salt may further act to adjust
the pH of the first component. The pH of the system may be, for
example, from about 5 to about 8, more for example, from about 5.5
to about 6.5.
[0082] Surprisingly, the amorphous calcium and/or strontium salts
present in the composition may also act as sensitivity relief
agents. In fact, the present inventors have found that the
de-sensitizing effect provided by amorphous calcium phosphate is at
least as effective as, if not more effective than, the typical
de-sensitizing agents normally used, including some of those
discussed below. Therefore, the presence of amorphous calcium
and/or strontium salts may potentially replace traditional
de-sensitizing agents.
[0083] Additional de-sensitizing agents may also be used. Suitable
desensitizing agents, if added, may include, for example, alkali
nitrates such as potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and lithium
nitrate; and other potassium salts such as potassium chloride and
potassium bicarbonate.
[0084] The percent of desensitizing agent may be present, for
example, up to about 5 percent by weight, more for example, up to
about 4 percent by weight, and even more for example, up to about 3
percent by weight.
[0085] The de-sensitizing agent may be present in both components
of the system and the ranges present above may represent the total
in both components. For example, the de-sensitizing agent may be
present in approximately equal amounts in each component.
[0086] Surprisingly, the de-sensitizing agent also acts to
stabilize the gel.
[0087] In addition, optional additives including humetants,
flavorings, coloring agents, anti-plaque agents, anti-staining
compounds, pH adjusting agents, excipients such as emollients,
preservatives, other types of stabilizers such as antioxidants,
chelating agents, tonicity modifiers (such as sodium chloride,
manitol, sorbitol or glucose), spreading agents, and water soluble
lubricants, such as propylene glycol, glycerol or polyethylene
glycol. The concentration of each may easily be determined by a
person skilled in the art. Some of these may be contemplated for a
foamed or foamable system.
[0088] The humectants contemplated for use in the inventive
compositions include water, polyols, such as glycerol, sorbitol,
polyethylene glycols, propylene glycols, hydrogenated partially
hydrolyzed polysaccharides and the like. A single humectant or a
combination is also contemplated. They are generally present in
amounts of, for example, up to about 85%, more for example, from
about 15% to about 75% of the formulation. For foamable
compositions, the amount of humectant present tends more towards
the high end of the range.
[0089] As mentioned above, lower peroxide content compositions may
be contemplated. These low peroxide compositions may be used at
home over longer period of time and may be used as a vehicle for
the delivery of many other agents that may be beneficial to oral
and general health. These compositions may also be used after an
in-office whitening treatment to maintain the effect. In addition,
a remineralizing composition adapted for prolong use may be
beneficial to damaged tooth or teeth, severe caries, or even bone
loss.
[0090] In one embodiment, the system may include a low peroxide
content whitening composition having remineralizing effect. In
another embodiment, the system includes a low peroxide content
whitening composition having remineralizing effect with sensitivity
relief. In yet another embodiment, the system may include a low
peroxide content whitening composition having remineralizing effect
and fluoride treatment. In a further embodiment, the system may
include a low peroxide content whitening composition having
remineralizing effect, fluoride treatment and anti-bacterial
effect.
[0091] In more embodiments, any of the combination effects desired
may be achieved. In even more embodiments, other agents, including
anti-plaque agents, anti-staining agents, vitamin supplements or
others that may be beneficial to teeth, breath or even general
health care may be included.
[0092] The peroxide content may be in the low end of the range
mentioned above, for example, from about 0.5 to about 5%, more for
example, from about 0.5 to about 3%. The composition may be foamed
or unfoamed.
[0093] Though the amorphous calcium and/or strontium salts present
in the composition may also act as sensitivity relief agents,
additional de-sensitizing agents, such as the potassium salts and
similar mentioned above may also be added for additional
effect.
[0094] Useful fluoridating agents may include metal fluoride salts
such as sodium fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate, potassium
fluoride, lithium fluoride, ammonium fluoride, stannous fluoride;
zinc ammonium fluoride, tin ammonium fluoride, calcium fluoride and
cobalt ammonium fluoride, and water soluble amine hydrofluorides.
Generally, sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride.
[0095] Some amorphous calcium and strontium salts may also be
useful fluoridation agents and include amorphous calcium phosphate
fluoride (ACPF), amorphous calcium carbonate phosphate fluoride
(ACCPF) (as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,037,639, 5,268,167,
5,437,857, 5,562,895, 6,000,341, and 6,056,930, the disclosure of
each is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety),
amorphous strontium phosphate fluoride (ASPF), amorphous strontium
carbonate phosphate fluoride (ASCPF) and amorphous strontium
calcium carbonate phosphate fluoride (ASCCPF) (as disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No. 5,534,244, the content of which is hereby incorporated by
reference in its entirety). These compounds may have both
remineralizing and fluoridating effects.
[0096] Useful antibacterial agents include, for example, phenolics
and salicylamides, and sources of certain metal ions such as zinc,
copper, silver and stannous ions, for example in salt form such as
zinc, copper and stannous chloride, and silver nitrate. These are
again present in small quantities when used.
[0097] In foamed or foamable form, the advantages of foams
mentioned above are also realized in these low peroxide content
whitening compositions.
[0098] In packaging the tooth whitening composition of the present
invention, any convenient way for effecting the separation of the
two components before use may be utilized. For example, a single
container may be compartmentalized so that the two components are
housed in separate compartments and are dispensed simultaneously
and admixed prior to application on the teeth. Alternatively, the
two components may be housed in separate containers from which the
respective components are dispensed for admixture just prior to
use. An exemplary packaging is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.
5,819,988, 6,065,645, 6,394,314, 6,564,972 and 6,698,622,
incorporated herein by reference.
[0099] In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the
two components are provided in separate chambers of a dual barrel
syringe. In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the two
components of the system are provided in a container having
separate compartments for the components.
[0100] In any of the packaging methods described, the syringe or
the dual-compartment container may be provided with a dispensing
tip, or a dispensing tip including a mixer. The mixers may be
dynamic or static. Examples of static mixers may include those also
disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,819,988, 6,065,645, 6,394,314,
6,564,972 and 6,698,622, incorporated herein by reference. Examples
of some dynamic mixers may include those disclosed in may include
those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,443,61, and 6,457,609; and U.S.
Patent Publication No. 2002/0190082; the contents of these are
hereby incorporated by reference.
[0101] Such dispensing tips or mixers may also be adapted for
foaming or the syringe or container is provided with a dispensing
pump.
[0102] Immediately before use, the two components are mixed
together in a 1:2 to a 5:1 ratio (first component to second
component) by actuating the syringe or the container. For example,
the gels or foams may be mixed in the 1:1 ratio. The admixed
whitening gel or foam is applied to the surface of the teeth
directly from the syringe or by means of a dental bleaching tray.
Other combinations of the components are contemplated by the
present invention, depending on the % variation of ingredients
present in each component.
[0103] Surprisingly, apart from the components for the amorphous
compound, such as the source of phosphate and the source of
calcium, strontium or mixture, the two components may include
approximately the same active ingredients. When the two components
of the exemplified embodiment are mixed, the two sources may
combine to form calcium phosphate. When applied to the teeth, the
calcium phosphate may precipitate onto the surface of the teeth
where it may be incorporated into hydroxyapatite, assisting in
remineralization of the tooth enamel, as discussed in U.S. Pat.
Nos. 5,037,639, 5,268,167, 5,460,803, 5,534,244, 5,562,895,
6,000,341, and 6,056,930, noted above. The activity of the
amorphous calcium and/or strontium compounds is not compromised,
even if the source of peroxide and other active ingredients are
present in both components. This may result in improved
manufacturing efficiency.
[0104] In addition, to visibly distinguish the two components, the
first component may be made to be substantially milky, cloudy,
opaque or colored, while the second component may be made to be
substantially clear, or vice versa. In addition, both may be made
to be substantially milky, cloudy, opaque or colored, and the
distinction is by degree or by color.
[0105] Most opacifying agents tend to decrease the stability of
peroxide; for example, TiO.sub.2 or ZnO.sub.2 may cause the
decomposition of peroxide, making it less effective for its
intended purposes. Surprisingly, CaCO.sub.3 is found to be an
effective pigment as well as a mixture of mica and TiO.sub.2
stabilized with an EDTA salt. Both were found not to affect the
peroxide stability, and a white first component resulted. Other
opacifying agents having the same effect is also contemplated.
[0106] The present invention is further described by the following
examples. The ingredients in B were mixed in a Kitchenaide mixer
until the hydroxymethyl propylcelluose, available from Hercules
Incorporated, Aqualon Division, Hercules Plaza (Wilmington, Del.)
and the emulsifying wax were dispersed in the propylene glycol.
Then, the ingredients in A were added and mixed together prior to
the addition of the ingredients in C. Afterwards, the flavoring and
silica in C were added to the thickened dispersion with moderate
mixing until dispersed. Finally, if used, Timica Extralarge Sparkle
110S (titanium dioxide/mica, available from Engelhard Corporation,
Iselin, N.J.) was added and mixed under vacuum to remove all
air/foam. On the other hand, when foamed compositions are made,
such foam removal action is not needed, while at the same time,
agitation for additional foam production is used. Also, for
foamable compositions, foaming agents are added. In either foamed
or foamable compositions, a decreased amount of gelling agents,
thickeners and/or other inactive ingredients may or may not be
present. TABLE-US-00001 First Component, Composition 1 % Grams
Phase 50% Hydrogen peroxide 50% water 3.62 10.86 A TKPP
tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 0.2 0.6 A Glycerin 20 60 A2 carbamide
peroxide urea hygrogen peroxide 17 51 A2 Antifoaming Agent silicone
emulsion/Dimethyl polysiloxan QS QS A2 emulsion/"Dow" Klucel GF
hydrxypropyl methyl cellulose "Hercules" 1.981 105 B propylene
glycol "Westco" 45.733.019 Propylene Glycol "Westco" 12.68 38.04 B
Polawax NF emulsifying wax NF "Croda" 6.5 19.5 B Combine A & B
in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 fumed silica/"Cabot" 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint natural mint flavoring 0.5 1.5 C
[0107] TABLE-US-00002 First Component, Composition 2 % Grams Phase
Water 4.62 13.86 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A Glycerin 20 60 A2 carbamide
peroxide 16 48 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 35 105 B
Propylene Glycol 12.68 38.04 B Polawax NF 6.5 19.5 B Combine A
& B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C Mint 0.5 1.5 C
100
[0108] TABLE-US-00003 First Component, Composition 3 % Grams Phase
Water 6.82 20.46 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 5.8 17.4 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
Glycerin 20 60 A2 carbamide peroxide 8 24 A2 Antifoaming agent QS
QS A2 Klucel GF 35 105 B Propylene Glycol 12.68 38.04 B Polawax NF
6.5 19.5 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5
13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100
[0109] TABLE-US-00004 First Component, Composition 4 % Grams Phase
Water 9 27 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 5.8 17.4 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A Glycerin
19 57 A2 carbamide peroxide 8 24 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2
Klucel GF 34.5 103.5 B Propylene Glycol 12 36 B Polawax NF 6.5 19.5
B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100
[0110] TABLE-US-00005 First Component, Composition 5 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
glycerin 16.8 50.4 A2 carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent
QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol 11.8 35.4 B Polawax NF
6.5 19.5 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5
13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100
[0111] TABLE-US-00006 First Component, Composition 6 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 16.3 48.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.55 31.65 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in"Kitchenaide" C
Timica blend 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5
C 100 300
[0112] TABLE-US-00007 First Component, Composition 7 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 16.3 48.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0113] TABLE-US-00008 First Component, Composition 8 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 38.1 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
Glycerin 16.8 50.4 A2 carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent
QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol 11.8 35.4 B Polawax NF
6.5 19.5 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5
13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100
[0114] TABLE-US-00009 First Component, Composition 9 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
Na.sub.2HPO.sub.4 (di-sodium) 0.5 1.5 A NaH.sub.2PO.sub.4
(monosodium) QS QS A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 16 48 A2 carbamide
peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B
Propylene Glycol 9.95 29.85 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B
in "Kitchenaide" C Timica blend/Titanium Dioxide and Mica/ 0.5 1.5
"Englehard" TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.4 13.2 C Natural
Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0115] TABLE-US-00010 First Component, Composition 10 % Grams Phase
Water 12.7 38.1 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 0 0 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
Na.sub.2HPO.sub.4 (di-sodium) 0.5 1.5 A NaP.sub.2PO.sub.4
(monosodium) QS QS A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 14 42 A2 carbamide
peroxide 12 36 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B
Propylene Glycol 9.95 29.85 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B
in "Kitchenaide" C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil
EH-5 4.4 13.2 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0116] TABLE-US-00011 First Component, Composition 11 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
NaH.sub.2PO.sub.4 (monosodium) 0.5 1.5 A Na.sub.2HPO.sub.4
(di-sodium) QS QS A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 16 48 A2 carbamide
peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B
Propylene Glycol 9.95 29.85 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B
in "Kitchenaide" C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil
EH-5 4.4 13.2 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0117] TABLE-US-00012 First Component, Composition 12 % Grams Phase
Water 8.3 24.9 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 8.4 25.2 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 16.3 48.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0118] TABLE-US-00013 First Component, Composition 13 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 16.3 48.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 11.5 34.5 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 105.5 316.5
[0119] TABLE-US-00014 First Component, Composition 14 % Grams Phase
Water 12.3 36.9 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 11 33 A2 carbamide peroxide 11.5 34.5 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0120] TABLE-US-00015 First Component, Composition 15 % Grams Phase
Water 9.5 28.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 10.1 30.3 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 11.3 33.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 8.1 24.3 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0121] TABLE-US-00016 First Component, Composition 16 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 5.3 15.9 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 9.65 28.95 A2 carbamide peroxide 14.6 43.8
A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol 7
21 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Timica
blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C Natural
Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0122] TABLE-US-00017 First Component, Composition 17 % Grams Phase
Water 5 15 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 11.8 35.4 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 6 18 A2 carbamide peroxide 16.2 48.6 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in Kitchenaide C
Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0123] TABLE-US-00018 First Component, Composition 18 % Grams Phase
Water 9.2 27.6 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 7.7 23.1 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 16.6 49.8 A2 carbamide peroxide 5.5 16.5
A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 C TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 C Cabosil EH-5 4.5
13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0124] TABLE-US-00019 First Component, Composition 19 % Grams Phase
Water 9.2 27.6 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 7.7 23.1 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 16.6 49.8 A2 carbamide peroxide 5.5 16.5
A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Crodaphos 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C
Timica blend 0.5 1.5 C TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 C Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5
C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0125] TABLE-US-00020 First Component, Composition 20 % Grams Phase
Water 9.5 28.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 10.1 30.3 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 11.3 33.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 8.1 24.3 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Crodaphos 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C
Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0126] TABLE-US-00021 First Component, Composition 21 % Grams Phase
Water 8.3 24.9 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 8.4 25.2 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 17.8 53.4 A2 carbamide peroxide 4.5 13.5 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0127] TABLE-US-00022 First Component, Composition 22 % Grams Phase
Water 8.3 24.9 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 7.3 21.9 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 17.3 51.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 6.1 18.3 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0128] TABLE-US-00023 First Component, Composition 23 % Grams Phase
Water 8.3 24.9 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 7.3 21.9 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 17.3 51.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 6.1 18.3 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.55 31.65 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0 0 C 100 300
[0129] TABLE-US-00024 First Component, Composition 24 % Grams Phase
Water 8.3 41.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 8.4 42 A TKPP 0.2 1 A KNO.sub.3
2 10 Glycerin 18.3 91.5 A2 carbamide peroxide 4.5 22.5 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 185 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 50.25 B Polawax NF 6 30 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
0 C Timica blend 0.5 2.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 1.25 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 22.5
C Natural Mint 0 0 C 100 500
[0130] TABLE-US-00025 First Component, Composition 25 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 3.3 9.9 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 17.7 53.1 A2 carbamide peroxide 5.5 16.5 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0131] TABLE-US-00026 First Component, Composition 26 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 3.3 9.9 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 0 0 Glycerin 18.7 56.1 A2 carbamide peroxide 5.5 16.5 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 38 114 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0132] TABLE-US-00027 First Component, Composition 27 % Grams Phase
Water 8.3 24.9 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 8.4 25.2 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 0 0 Glycerin 18.8 56.4 A2 carbamide peroxide 4.5 13.5 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 38 114 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0133] TABLE-US-00028 First Component, Composition 28 % Grams Phase
Water 9.5 28.5 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 10.1 30.3 A TKPP 0.2 0.6 A
KNO.sub.3 0 0 Glycerin 12.3 36.9 A2 carbamide peroxide 8.1 24.3 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 38 114 B Propylene Glycol
10.05 30.15 B Polawax NF 6 18 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide"
C Timica blend 0.5 1.5 TiO.sub.2 0.25 0.75 Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C
Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0134] TABLE-US-00029 First Component, Composition 29 % Grams Phase
Water 8.3 12.45 A 50% H.sub.20.sub.2 8.4 12.6 A TKPP 0.2 0.3 A EDTA
0.5 0.75 KNO.sub.3 2 3 Glycerin 17.55 26.325 A2 carbamide peroxide
4.5 6.75 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 55.5 B
Propylene Glycol 10.05 15.075 B Polawax NF 6 9 B Combine A & B
in "Kitchenaide" C Timica blend 0.5 0.75 TiO.sub.2 0 0 Cabosil EH-5
4.5 6.75 C Natural Mint 0.5 0.75 C 100 150
[0135] To summarize, the range of ingredients in the first
component in the above examples are as follows:
[0136] a 50% hydrogen peroxide solution is, for example, from about
2% to about 15%, more for example, from about 4% to about 12%;
carbamide peroxide is, for example, from about 3% to about 20%,
more for example, from about 4% to about 17.0%; aerosol, such as
Cabosil EH-5, is, for example, from about 2% to about 5%, more for
example, about 4.5%; glycerin is, for example, from about 5% to
about 25%, more for example, from about 6% to about 20.0%; gelling
agent such as Klucel GF is, fro example, from about 1% to about
40%, more for example, from about 2% to about 38%, Polawax NF is,
for example, from about 5% to about 10%, more for example, from
about 5% to about 7%; propylene glycol is, for example, from about
5% to about 15%, more for example, from about 7% to about 13%, and
timica blend/titanium dioxide and mica/"Englehard" is, for example,
from about 0.2% to about 1%, more for example, from about 0.25% to
about 0.75%. Other ranges may be used without detracting from the
present invention. TABLE-US-00030 Second Component, Composition 1 %
Grams Phase Water 9.35 28.05 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 8 24 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 0 0 A Glycerin 21 63 A2
carbamide peroxide 5.1 15.3 A2 Antifoaming Agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF
40 120 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine
A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5
1.5 C 100 300
[0137] TABLE-US-00031 Second Component, Composition 2 % Grams Phase
Water 4.72 14.46 A 10% KOH QS QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A
Glycerin 20 60 A2 carbamide peroxide 16 48 A2 Antifoaming Agent QS
QS A2 Klucel GF 35 105 B Propylene Glycol 12.18 36.54 B Polawax NF
6.5 19.5 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5
13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0138] TABLE-US-00032 Second Component, Composition 3 % Grams Phase
Water 7.02 21.06 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 5.8 17.4 A 10% KOH QS QS A
Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A Glycerin 20 60 A2 carbamide peroxide 8
24 A2 Antifoaming Agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 35 105 B Propylene
Glycol 12.18 36.54 B Polawax NF 6.5 19.5 B Combine A & B in
"Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100
300
[0139] TABLE-US-00033 Second Component, Composition 4 % Grams Phase
Water 9 27 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 5.8 17.4 A 10% KOH QS QS A
Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A Glycerin 18.7 56.1 A2 carbamide
peroxide 8 24 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 34.5 103.5 B
Propylene Glycol 12 36 B Polawax NF 6.5 19.5 B Combine A & B in
"Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100
300
[0140] TABLE-US-00034 Second Component, Composition 5 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS QS A
Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A Glycerin 16.5 49.5 A2 carbamide
peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 37 111 B
Propylene Glycol 11.8 35.4 B Polawax NF 6.5 19.5 B Combine A &
B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 4.5 13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C
100 300
[0141] TABLE-US-00035 Second Component, Composition 6 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS QS A
Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A Glycerin 17 51 A2 carbamide peroxide 6
18 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 41 123 B Propylene
Glycol 12.3 36.9 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil
EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0142] TABLE-US-00036 Second Component, Composition 7 % Grams Phase
Water 13.5 40.5 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS QS A
Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 14.5 43.5 A2
carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 41
123 B Propylene Glycol 11.8 35.4 B Combine A & B in
"Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100
300
[0143] TABLE-US-00037 Second Component, Composition 8 % Grams Phase
Water 12.5 37.5 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS QS A
Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 15 45 A2
carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 39
117 B Propylene Glycol 12.3 36.9 B Polawax NF 2 6 B Combine A &
B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100
300
[0144] TABLE-US-00038 Second Component, Composition 9 % Grams Phase
Water 13.25 39.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS QS A
Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 19 57 A2
carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 39
117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine A
& B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5
C 100 300
[0145] TABLE-US-00039 Second Component, Composition 10 % Grams
Phase Water 13.75 41.25 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS
QS A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 19 57 A2 carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2
Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3
24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C
Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0146] TABLE-US-00040 Second Component, Composition 11 % Grams
Phase Water 13.45 40.35 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A Na Edatate 0.3 0.9 A KNO.sub.3 2
6 A Glycerin 18.5 55.5 A2 carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming
agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B
Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil
EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0147] TABLE-US-00041 Second Component, Composition 12 % Grams
Phase Water 12.95 38.85 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A Na Edatate 0.3 0.9 A KNO.sub.3 2
6 A Glycerin 19 57 A2 carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent
QS QS A2 Klucel GF 39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF
1.25 3.75 B Combine A & B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18
C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0148] TABLE-US-00042 Second Component, Composition 13 % Grams
Phase Water 13.25 39.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 4.2 12.6 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.2 2 6 A Glycerin 19 57 A2
carbamide peroxide 6 18 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 39
117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine A
& B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5
C 50% KOH QS QS C 100 300
[0149] TABLE-US-00043 Second Component, Composition 14 % Grams
Phase Water 15.05 45.15 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 8.4 25.2 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 19 57 A2
carbamide peroxide 0 0 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 39
117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine A
& B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5
C 50% KOH QS QS C 100 300
[0150] TABLE-US-00044 Second Component, Composition 15 % Grams
Phase Water 10.25 30.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 10.1 30.3 A 10% KOH QS
A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 14 42 A2
carbamide peroxide 8.1 24.3 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF
39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine
A & B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5
1.5 C 100 300
[0151] TABLE-US-00045 Second Component, Composition 16 % Grams
Phase Water 10.25 30.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 10.1 30.3 A 10% KOH QS
A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 14 42 A2
carbamide peroxide 8.1 24.3 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF
39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine
A & B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5
1.5 C 100 300
[0152] TABLE-US-00046 Second Component, Composition 17 % Grams
Phase Water 13.75 41.25 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 3.6 10.8 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 20 60 A2
carbamide peroxide 5.1 15.3 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF
39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine
A & B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5
1.5 C 100 300
[0153] TABLE-US-00047 Second Component, Composition 18 % Grams
Phase Water 13.5 40.5 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 3.85 11.55 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 19.6
58.8 A2 carbamide peroxide 5.5 16.5 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2
Klucel GF 39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75
B Combine A & B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural
Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0154] TABLE-US-00048 Second Component, Composition 19 % Grams
Phase Water 10.25 30.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 5.3 15.9 A 10% KOH QS
A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 12.3 36.9 A2
carbamide peroxide 14.6 43.8 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel
GF 39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B
Combine A & B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural
Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0155] TABLE-US-00049 Second Component, Composition 20 % Grams
Phase Water 5 15 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 11.8 35.4 A 10% KOH QS A
Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 9.45 28.35 A2
carbamide peroxide 16.2 48.6 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel
GF 39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B
Combine A & B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural
Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0156] TABLE-US-00050 Second Component, Composition 21 % Grams
Phase Water 13.5 40.5 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 3.85 11.55 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 19.6
58.8 A2 carbamide peroxide 5.5 16.5 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2
Klucel GF 39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Crodaphos 1.25 3.75
B Combine A & B in C "Kitchenaide" Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural
Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0157] TABLE-US-00051 Second Component, Composition 22 % Grams
Phase Water 10.25 30.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 10.1 30.3 A 10% KOH QS
A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 KNO.sub.3 2 6 Glycerin 14 42 A2
carbamide peroxide 8.1 24.3 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF
39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Crodaphos 1.25 3.75 B Combine
A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5
1.5 C 100 300
[0158] TABLE-US-00052 Second Component, Composition 23 % Grams
Phase Water 13.25 39.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 3.3 9.9 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 2 6 A Glycerin 20.4
61.2 A2 carbamide peroxide 5.5 16.5 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2
Klucel GF 39 117 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75
B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural
Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0159] TABLE-US-00053 Second Component, Composition 24 % Grams
Phase Water 13.25 39.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 3.3 9.9 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 0 0 A Glycerin 21.4
64.2 A2 carbamide peroxide 5.5 16.5 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2
Klucel GF 40 120 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75
B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural
Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0160] TABLE-US-00054 Second Component, Composition 25 % Grams
Phase Water 13.75 41.25 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 3.6 10.8 A 10% KOH QS
QS A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 A KNO.sub.3 0 0 A Glycerin 21 63 A2
carbamide peroxide 5.1 15.3 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF
40 120 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine
A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5
1.5 C 100 300
[0161] TABLE-US-00055 Second Component, Composition 26 % Grams
Phase Water 10.25 30.75 A 50% H.sub.2O.sub.2 10.1 30.3 A 10% KOH QS
A Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2 0.5 1.5 KNO.sub.3 0 0 Glycerin 15 45 A2
carbamide peroxide 8.1 24.3 A2 Antifoaming agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF
40 120 B Propylene Glycol 8.3 24.9 B Polawax NF 1.25 3.75 B Combine
A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil EH-5 6 18 C Natural Mint 0.5
1.5 C 100 300
[0162] TABLE-US-00056 Second Component, Composition 27 % Grams
Phase 50% Hydrogen peroxide 3.62 10.86 A 50% KOH QS QS A CaCO.sub.3
0.2 0.6 A Glycerin 20 60 A2 carbamide peroxide 17 51 A2 Antifoaming
agent QS QS A2 Klucel GF 35 105 B Propylene Glycol 12.68 38.04 B
Polawax NF 6.5 19.5 B Combine A & B in "Kitchenaide" C Cabosil
EH-5 4.5 13.5 C Natural Mint 0.5 1.5 C 100 300
[0163] To summarize, the range of ingredients in the second
component in the above examples are as follows: [0164] a 50%
hydrogen peroxide solution is, fro example, from about 2% to about
15%, more for example, from about 4% to about 12%; carbamide
peroxide is, for example, from about 3% to about 15%, more for
example, from about 5% to about 12.0%; aerosol, such as Cabosil
EH-5, is, for example, from about 2% to about 10%, more for
example, about 4% to about 6%, and lower ranges are present for
foamable or foamed compositions; glycerin is, for example, from
about 5% to about 25%, more for example, from about 9% to about
22%; gelling agent such as Klucel GF is, for example, from about
25% to about 50%, more for example, from about 30% to about 45%,
Polawax NF is, for example, from about 1% to about 10%, more for
example, from about 1% to about 7%; and propylene glycol is, for
example, from about 5% to about 15%, more for example, from about
7% to about 13%. Other ranges may be sued without detracting from
the present invention.
[0165] The foam made with any of the above compositions are very
long lasting, for example, more than 8 hours, when the amounts of
gelling agents and similar ingredients remained the same as shown
in the above examples. For some of the compositions of the second
component, the foam formed was not as stiff as the foam formed with
some of the first component compositions due to the lower
viscosities of these second components.
[0166] Having described the invention with reference to
accompanying illustrations and examples of the invention, it is
contemplated that other changes can be made without departing from
the spirit or scope of the invention as set forth in the appended
claims.
* * * * *