U.S. patent application number 11/882588 was filed with the patent office on 2008-02-14 for motor and manufacturing method thereof.
This patent application is currently assigned to SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Duck-Young Kim, Ta-Kyoung Lee.
Application Number | 20080036318 11/882588 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 39050038 |
Filed Date | 2008-02-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080036318 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lee; Ta-Kyoung ; et
al. |
February 14, 2008 |
Motor and manufacturing method thereof
Abstract
A motor and a manufacturing method thereof. With a motor that
includes a stationary member, a rotating member coupled to the
stationary member which rotates about an imaginary rotational axis,
and a base cover which covers one side of the stationary member and
the rotating member, where the base cover is made of a material
which can be elastically deformed by pressing to touch the
stationary member or the rotating member, deviations from the
designed dimensions may be reduced to provide improved precision,
by using a base cover made of an elastically deformable material
that can be made to touch the shaft by pressing.
Inventors: |
Lee; Ta-Kyoung; (Suwon-si,
KR) ; Kim; Duck-Young; (Suwon-si, KR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
STAAS & HALSEY LLP
SUITE 700, 1201 NEW YORK AVENUE, N.W.
WASHINGTON
DC
20005
US
|
Assignee: |
SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO.,
LTD.
Suwon
KR
|
Family ID: |
39050038 |
Appl. No.: |
11/882588 |
Filed: |
August 2, 2007 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
310/89 ;
29/596 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10T 29/49025 20150115;
Y10T 29/49639 20150115; H02K 15/02 20130101; Y10T 29/49009
20150115; H02K 15/16 20130101; H02K 1/28 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
310/89 ;
29/596 |
International
Class: |
H02K 5/00 20060101
H02K005/00; H02K 15/00 20060101 H02K015/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Aug 8, 2006 |
KR |
10-2006-0074555 |
Claims
1. A motor comprising: a stationary member; a rotating member
coupled to the stationary member and configured to rotate about an
imaginary rotational axis; and a base cover covering one side of
the stationary member and the rotating member, wherein the base
cover is made of a material configured to be elastically deformed
by pressing to touch the stationary member or the rotating
member.
2. The motor of claim 1, wherein the stationary member comprises a
sleeve having a penetration hole formed therein, and the rotating
member comprises a shaft inserted in the penetration hole.
3. The motor of claim 2, further comprising a donut-shaped plate
having a first hole corresponding to a cross-section of the shaft,
the plate configured to be coupled with the shaft such that the
shaft is inserted in the first hole and configured to be mounted on
the other side of the sleeve.
4. The motor of claim 3, further comprising a cap covering at least
a portion of the plate and mounted on one side of the sleeve.
5. The motor of claim 1, wherein the base cover has a shape
corresponding to a shape of one side of the stationary member or
the rotating member.
6. The motor of claim 1, wherein a ledge is formed on the
stationary member or the rotating member such that one side is
sunken in.
7. The motor of claim 1, wherein a ledge is formed on the
stationary member or the rotating member such that one side is
protruded out.
8. A method of manufacturing a motor, the method comprising:
coupling a base cover to a sleeve having a penetration hole formed
therein, such that one side of the penetration hole is closed;
inserting a shaft in the penetration hole; coupling a plate to the
shaft such that the shaft is inserted in the plate; and pressing
and coupling a hub to the shaft such that the shaft is inserted in
the hub while the base cover is supported in an axial direction of
the shaft.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the pressing and coupling of the
hub comprises applying a particular support load such that the base
cover is elastically deformed.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the support load is a load
corresponding to a deforming amount for the base cover to touch the
shaft.
11. The method of claim 8, further comprising coupling a cap to the
sleeve such that the plate is covered by the cap, between the
coupling of the plate and the pressing and coupling of the hub.
12. The method of claim 8, further comprising injecting a fluid
bearing in a gap between the sleeve and the shaft and in a gap
between the shaft and the base cover.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent
Application No. 10-2006-0074555 filed with the Korean Intellectual
Property Office on Aug. 8, 2006, the disclosure of which is
incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The claimed invention relates to a motor and a manufacturing
method thereof.
[0004] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0005] In general, a motor, especially a spindle motor, is used to
operate the rotating polygonal mirror of a laser printer or the
disk of a hard disk drive, etc. That is, various rotational bodies
may be fixed as necessary to the outer perimeter of the hub. For
example, in the case of an LSU (laser scanning unit), a rotating
polygonal mirror may be installed, while in the case of a hard disk
drive, a disk may be installed.
[0006] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure
of a motor according to prior art. In the case of the motor
illustrated in FIG. 1, while pressing on the hub 60 for the
coupling of the shaft 10 inserted in the sleeve 30 with the hub 60,
the force is concentrated on the portion where the shaft 10 and
plate 50 are coupled, causing a risk of mechanical damage.
[0007] However, if the hub is pressed with a load relatively less
than that which causes mechanical damage, a sufficient load may not
be applied, and as the gaps between components, etc., deviate
further from the designed dimensions, problems may occur as the
motor cannot perform operations in a stable manner.
SUMMARY
[0008] An aspect of the claimed invention is to provide a motor
having high precision with less deviation from the designed
dimensions, using a base cover made of an elastically deformable
material that can be made to touch the shaft by pressing.
[0009] Also, an aspect of the claimed invention is to provide a
method of manufacturing a motor with which deviations from the
designed dimensions can be minimized, by coupling a hub onto a
shaft by pressing such that the shaft is inserted, while supporting
a base cover in the axial direction of the shaft.
[0010] One aspect of the claimed invention provides a motor which
includes a stationary member, a rotating member coupled to the
stationary member which rotates about an imaginary rotational axis,
and a base cover which covers one side of the stationary member and
the rotating member, where the base cover is made of a material
which can be elastically deformed by pressing to touch the
stationary member or the rotating member.
[0011] The stationary member may include a sleeve in which a
penetration hole is formed, and the rotating member may include a
shaft which is inserted in the penetration hole.
[0012] A donut-shaped plate may additionally be included, which has
a first hole corresponding to the cross-section of the shaft, and
which is coupled with the shaft, such that the shaft is inserted in
the first hole, and mounted on the other side of the sleeve. Also,
a cap may additionally be included, which covers at least a portion
of the plate and which is mounted on one side of the sleeve.
[0013] The base cover may have a shape corresponding to the shape
of one side of the stationary member or the rotating member, and a
ledge may be formed on the stationary member or on the rotating
member such that one side is sunken in or protruded out.
[0014] Another aspect of the claimed invention provides a method of
manufacturing a motor which includes coupling a base cover to a
sleeve, in which a penetration hole is formed, such that one side
of the penetration hole is closed; inserting a shaft in the
penetration hole; coupling a plate to the shaft, such that the
shaft is inserted in the plate; and pressing and coupling a hub to
the shaft, such that the shaft is inserted in the hub, while the
base cover is supported in an axial direction of the shaft.
[0015] The pressing and coupling of the hub may include applying a
particular support load such that the base cover is elastically
deformed, where the support load may be a load corresponding to a
deforming amount for the base cover to touch the shaft.
[0016] An operation of coupling a cap to the sleeve such that the
plate is covered by the cap may further be included, between the
coupling of the plate and the pressing and coupling of the hub.
[0017] Also, an operation of injecting a fluid bearing in the gap
between the sleeve and the shaft and in the gap between the shaft
and the base cover may further be included.
[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention
will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the
following description, including the appended drawings and claims,
or may be learned by practice of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure
of a motor according to prior art.
[0020] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure
of a motor according to a first disclosed embodiment of the
invention.
[0021] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure
of a motor according to a second disclosed embodiment of the
invention.
[0022] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure
of a motor according to a third disclosed embodiment of the
invention.
[0023] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure
of a motor according to a fourth disclosed embodiment of the
invention.
[0024] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing
a motor according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0025] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a process in
the method of manufacturing a motor of FIG. 6.
[0026] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the deforming
of the cover according to the process of FIG. 7
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The motor and manufacturing method thereof according to
certain embodiments of the invention will be described below in
more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
those components are rendered the same reference number that are
the same or are in correspondence, regardless of the figure number,
and redundant explanations are omitted.
[0028] In general, a motor consists basically of a rotating member,
a stationary member that supports the rotating motion of the
rotating member, and a bearing placed between the rotating member
and the stationary member. For example, the rotating member may be
a coupled body including a shaft, a hub coupled to and rotating
together with the shaft, and a plate, etc., and the stationary
member may be a sleeve, etc., surrounding the shaft.
[0029] However, the rotating member and the stationary member are
not determined by the components per se, but are determined by
their designed functions. That is, there may be cases where the
shaft is fixed and the sleeve surrounding the shaft is rotated, in
which case the shaft may become the stator and the sleeve may
become the rotor.
[0030] In the embodiments of the invention described below, the
descriptions will be set forth for the cases where the sleeve acts
as the stationary member and the shaft and the plate and hub
coupled to the shaft serve act as the rotating member. However, it
is to be appreciated that the embodiments of the claimed invention
are not thus limited.
[0031] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure
of a motor according to a first disclosed embodiment of the
invention. In FIG. 2 are illustrated a shaft 110, base cover 120,
sleeve 130, cap 140, plate 150, hub 160, and reservoir 170.
[0032] The motor according to this embodiment may be coupled to the
sleeve 130 from the other side of the shaft 110 to cover the
penetration hole, where the base cover 120 may be made of an
elastically deformable material that can be made to touch the shaft
110 by pressing.
[0033] The shaft 110 may be the central axis for rotational motion,
and may rotate together as a single body with the hub 160 described
later. The shaft 110 may be inserted into the penetration hole 139
of the sleeve 130 described below.
[0034] The sleeve 130 may cover the outer perimeter of the shaft
110 to maintain stable rotating movement of the shaft 110. A
penetration hole 139 is formed in the sleeve 130 through which the
shaft 110 may be inserted, and as the shaft 110 is inserted in the
penetration hole 139 and covered, the shaft 110 may be supported by
the sleeve 130 during the rotating movement.
[0035] A ledge 131 may be formed on the sleeve 130 such that the
other side, to which the base cover 120 is coupled, is sunken in.
Conversely, a ledge 131' may be formed such that the other side, to
which the base cover 120 is coupled, is protruded out. The base
cover 120 may be formed to be in correspondence with the shape of
this other side of the sleeve 130.
[0036] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, it is seen that a ledge 131 is
formed such that the other side of the sleeve 130, to which the
base cover 120 is coupled, is sunken in. Correspondingly, the base
cover 120 is formed with a shape such that makes the outer
perimeter of the base cover 120, 120a be covered by the ledge 131.
This may allow convenient coupling of base cover 120 with the
sleeve 130, and may also provide secure coupling.
[0037] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure
of a motor according to a second disclosed embodiment of the
invention. In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, as the
base cover 120a may be shaped as a flat plate without any curving,
not only can the coupling of the base cover and the sleeve be made
easier, but also the processing and manufacture of the base cover
can be made simpler.
[0038] With regards another embodiment, in FIG. 4, it is seen that
a ledge 131' is formed such that the one side of the sleeve 130',
to which the base cover 120b is coupled, is protruded out. Curves
122 are formed at the end portion of the base cover 120b in
correspondence to such a shape of the sleeve 130', whereby the base
cover 120b has a shape that allows it to cover the ledge 131' of
the sleeve 130'. This offers a more convenient way of coupling the
base cover 120b and sleeve 130', as well as a more secure coupling.
A radial bearing, described below, may be placed in the gap between
the sleeve 130 and the shaft 110.
[0039] The radial bearing 174 may be a fluid bearing, which may be
placed in the gap between the sleeve 130 and the shaft 110, and may
support the shaft 110 during the rotating movement of the shaft 110
to maintain stable rotating movement of the shaft 110.
[0040] The radial bearing 174 may be formed by injecting oil in the
gap between the shaft 110 and sleeve 130. However, while oil is
suggested in this embodiment for forming the radial bearing 174, it
is apparent that various alternatives may be used according to
design requirements.
[0041] The base cover 120 may cover the penetration hole 139 on the
other side of the shaft 110. The base cover 120 may be coupled to
the sleeve 130, and by forming the base cover 120 to have a shape
that is in correspondence with the shape of the side of the sleeve
130 to which the base cover 120 is coupled, a more secure coupling
may be obtained.
[0042] In addition, the base cover 120 may be made with a material
that can be elastically deformed. Thus, during the assembly of a
motor according to this embodiment, the shaft 110 can be inserted
into the penetration hole 139 of the sleeve 130 easily and with
precision, by applying a support load on the base cover 120. This
will be described later in more detail.
[0043] A reservoir is formed in the gap between the base cover 120
and the sleeve 130, a description of which is provided below.
[0044] The reservoir 170 may be formed in the gap between the base
cover 120 and the sleeve 130 to house oil, and by itself may act as
a bearing that supports one side of the shaft. The reservoir 170
may be connected with the radial bearing 174 described above, to
supply oil to the radial bearing. That is, the gap between the
sleeve 130 and base cover 120 and the gap between the sleeve 130
and shaft 110 may be contiguous with each other, and the oil
injected in each may flow freely and circulate.
[0045] The plate 150 may have the shape of a donut having a first
hole in the center that is in correspondence with the cross-section
of the shaft 110. The shaft 110 may be inserted and coupled in the
first hole, and one side of the plate 150 may be mounted on one
side of the sleeve 130.
[0046] While the plate 150 may be manufactured separately and then
coupled with the shaft 110, the plate 150 may also be manufactured
as a single body with the shaft 110 from the beginning of its
manufacture, and may undergo rotating motion in accordance with the
shaft 110 when the shaft 110 is rotated. A thrust bearing 171,
which will be described below, may be interposed in the gap between
the plate 150 and the sleeve 130.
[0047] The thrust bearing 171 may be a fluid bearing, which may be
placed in the gap between the plate 150 and the sleeve 130. The
thrust bearing 171 may support the plate 150, and may reduce
friction between the plate 150 and the sleeve 130 to allow stable
movement.
[0048] The thrust bearing 171 may be formed by injecting oil in the
gap between the plate 150 and the sleeve 130, and may be connected
with the radial bearing 174 described above. That is, the gap
between the plate 150 and the sleeve 130 may be contiguous with the
gap between the sleeve 130 and the shaft 110, and the oil injected
in each may flow freely and circulate around the bearings.
[0049] Thus, the thrust bearing 171, the radial bearing 174, and
the reservoir 170 may all be connected. While oil is suggested in
this embodiment for forming the thrust bearing 171, it is apparent
that various alternatives may be used according to design
requirements.
[0050] The cap 140 may cover the outer perimeter and one side of
the plate 150 to form a bearing space with the outer perimeter part
145 of the plate 150, and may be mounted on one side of the sleeve
130. A more secure coupling may be obtained by forming the cap 140
to have a shape that is in correspondence with the shape of the
side of the sleeve 130 on which the cap 140 is mounted. Also, a cap
bearing 173 may be placed in the bearing space confined by the
outer perimeter part 145 of the plate 150 and the cap.
[0051] The cap bearing 173 may be a fluid bearing, which may be
formed by injecting oil in the bearing space, and may be connected
with the thrust bearing 171 described above. That is, the gap
between the plate 150 and the sleeve 130 may be contiguous with the
bearing space, and the oil injected in each may flow freely and
circulate around the bearings. The cap bearing 173 may support the
outer perimeter and the one side of the plate 150, and may maintain
stable rotating movement of the plate 150.
[0052] The hub 160 may be coupled to one side of the shaft 110 and
may be formed to extend in a direction perpendicular to the axis of
the shaft 110. The hub 160 may receive driving power from a driving
power generator composed of permanent magnets (not shown) and
electromagnet parts (not shown), etc., to undergo rotating motion,
at which the shaft 110 may also be made to undergo rotating motion
in accordance with to the rotation-of the hub 160.
[0053] While a set of permanent magnets (not shown) and
electromagnet parts (not shown) formed adjacent to the permanent
magnets coupled to the hub 160 has been suggested as a driving
power generator, it is apparent that the components of the driving
power generator and the coupling location of each component may be
varied according to design requirements. For example, a first set
of electromagnets may be coupled to the hub, with a second set of
electromagnets coupled adjacent to the first electromagnets.
[0054] Various rotational bodies may be coupled to the outer
perimeter of the hub 160, as necessary. For example, in the case of
an LSU (laser scanning unit), a rotating polygonal mirror may be
coupled; while in the case of a hard disk drive, a disk may be
coupled.
[0055] As described above, the sleeve 130 may cover the outer
perimeter of the shaft 110 to maintain stable rotating movement of
the shaft 110. A penetration hole 139 is formed in the sleeve 130
through which the shaft 110 may be inserted, and as the shaft 110
is inserted in the penetration hole 139 and covered, the outer
perimeter of the shaft 110 may be supported by the sleeve 130
during the rotating movement.
[0056] A convenient and secure manner of coupling may be obtained
by forming a ledge 131 on the sleeve 130, such that the side to
which the base cover 120 is coupled is sunken in, and forming the
base cover to be in correspondence with such a shape of the sleeve
130.
[0057] Moreover, a convenient and secure manner of coupling may be
obtained by forming a ledge 131' on the sleeve 130, such that the
side to which the base cover 120 is coupled is protruded out, and
forming the base cover to be in correspondence with the shape of
the sleeve 130.
[0058] In a predetermined position on the sleeve 130, a contiguous
hole (not shown) may be formed that connects the thrust bearing 171
and the reservoir 170. The oil forming the thrust bearing 171 and
the oil forming the reservoir 170 may adequately circulate through
the contiguous hole (not shown), whereby not only can the pressure
created in each fluid bearing within the motor be made uniform, but
also bubbles, etc., can be moved by the circulation so that they
may readily be released.
[0059] While in certain embodiments of the claimed invention
described above, a structure is described in which the plate 150
and the base cover 120 are coupled on different sides of the sleeve
130, the plate 250 and the base cover 220 may just as well be
coupled on the same side, as illustrated in FIG. 5. Here, with
reference to FIG. 5, a sunken portion may be formed on the side of
the sleeve 230 adjacent to the plate 250, that is in correspondence
with the shape of the plate 250, for housing the plate 250.
[0060] As set forth above, a motor according to an embodiment of
the claimed invention may have a base cover that covers one side of
the rotating member and stationary member, where the base cover may
be made of a material capable of elastic deforming, so that a
support load may be applied from the side of the base cover to
provide a secure coupling and manufacture. Thus, it is apparent
that various embodiments may be obtained by changing, as necessary,
the rotating member or stationary member, besides the base cover
made of an elastically deformable material.
[0061] Next, a method will be described of manufacturing a motor
according to an embodiment of the claimed invention. FIG. 6 is a
flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a motor according
to an embodiment of the invention.
[0062] Operation S1 is that of coupling the base cover 120 to the
sleeve 130 to close one side of the penetration hole. The shape of
the coupling surface of the sleeve 130 and the corresponding shape
of the base cover 120 may be varied for easier coupling of the base
cover 120 and sleeve 130, and examples of which may be found in the
shapes of the coupling surface of the sleeve 130 and the base cover
120 illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5.
[0063] Operation S2 is that of inserting the shaft 110 in the
penetration hole, where the shaft may be inserted in the
penetration hole by positioning the shaft at a position that is in
correspondence with the penetration hole, and by pressing on a
surface of the shaft. Thus, the shaft 110 may be covered by the
sleeve 130.
[0064] Operation S3 is that of coupling the plate 150 to the shaft
110, so that the shaft 110 may be inserted in the first hole of the
plate 150. This allows the plate 150 to undergo rotating motion
according to the rotation of the shaft 110 and to be supported by
the sleeve 130 on which the plate 150 is mounted.
[0065] While operation S3 may be performed after operation S2,
operation S2 may just as well be performed after operation S3. In
other words, the order of the operations described above may be
varied as necessary.
[0066] Operation S4 is that of coupling the cap 140 to the sleeve
130. As described with regards the motor described above, the cap
140 is a component that may cover the outer perimeter and one side
of the plate 150 to form a bearing space with the outer perimeter
part 145 of the plate 150, and may be mounted on one side of the
sleeve 130. Thus, by coupling the cap 140 to the sleeve 130, the
coupling relationship between the plate 150 and sleeve 130 may be
made secure, and by the subsequent coupling of the hub, an even
stronger coupling relationship may be obtained.
[0067] Operation S5 is of pressing and coupling the hub 160 to the
shaft 110 such that the shaft 110 is inserted in the hub 160, while
applying a particular support load in the axial direction of the
shaft 110, such that the base cover 120 is elastically deformed,
and supporting the base cover 120. This will be described in more
detail with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
[0068] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a process in
the method of manufacturing a motor of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a
cross-sectional view illustrating the deforming of the cover
according to the process of FIG. 7. In FIGS. 7 and 8 are
illustrated a shaft 110, base cover 120, sleeve 130, cap 140, plate
150, hub 160, and jig 180.
[0069] In a method of manufacturing a motor according to this
embodiment, when performing the process of pressing the hub 160 so
as to couple the shaft 110 and the hub 160, as illustrated in FIG.
7, a particular support load may be applied by the jig 180 in the
axial direction of the shaft 110 so that the base cover 120
undergoes elastic deforming. Thus, the base cover 120 may be
deformed within the range of elastic deforming to touch a side of
the shaft 110, which adds to the load on the shaft 110 to
complement the pressure applied on the hub 160. In this way, the
amount of pressure applied on the hub 160 may be reduced, and the
force concentrated on the portion where the shaft 110 and the plate
are coupled may also be reduced, to resolve some of the problems of
prior art described above.
[0070] When the support load applied by the jig 180 is removed
after the coupling of the hub 160 and shaft 110 is complete, the
base cover 120 may recover its shape before deforming by means of
the elastic force of the base cover 120 itself. Thus, the
dimensions considered in the design stages may be ensured, and
deviations that may occur during manufacture may be minimized.
[0071] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the deforming
of the cover according to the process of FIG. 7, where drawing (a)
illustrates the base cover 120 before applying a support load,
drawing (b) illustrates the base cover 120 while the support load
is being applied by the jig 180, and drawing (c) illustrates the
base cover 120 that has recovered its shape before deforming, after
the support load has been removed. The deforming of the base cover
120 described above may be observed in the drawings (a) to (c) of
FIG. 8.
[0072] In designing the base cover 120, an additional operation may
be included of determining elasticity factors (for example,
thickness or material) of the base cover 120 in consideration of
the support load applied by the jig 180, and the gap between the
base cover 120 and the sleeve 130, etc. Also, an additional
operation may also be included of determining the magnitude of the
support load applied by the base cover, in consideration of the
elasticity factors of the base cover. A method such as the FEM
(finite element method) may be used.
[0073] As set forth above, with a motor and a method of
manufacturing the motor according to certain aspects of the
invention, deviations from the designed dimensions may be reduced
to provide improved precision, by using a base cover made of an
elastically deformable material that can be made to touch the shaft
by pressing.
[0074] While the spirit of the invention has been described in
detail with reference to particular embodiments, the embodiments
are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the invention.
In addition, numerous embodiments besides those set forth above are
encompassed in the claimed invention. It is to be appreciated that
those skilled in the art can change or modify the embodiments
without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
* * * * *