U.S. patent application number 11/577603 was filed with the patent office on 2008-01-24 for temporary wet strength agents and products made from such agents.
This patent application is currently assigned to KEMIRA OYJ. Invention is credited to Michael Ryan, Naijie Zhang.
Application Number | 20080017339 11/577603 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36203379 |
Filed Date | 2008-01-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080017339 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Zhang; Naijie ; et
al. |
January 24, 2008 |
Temporary Wet Strength Agents And Products Made From Such
Agents
Abstract
The invention relates to a tissue product that includes (a) a
tissue fibrous web incorporated throughout the tissue product; (b)
a temporary wet strength agent capable of forming hemi-acetal bonds
with the fibers of the web to prevent immediate degradation of the
web when the tissue product contacts water; and (c) a composition
containing a degrading agent selected from the group consisting of
alkaline agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and
combinations thereof. The invention also relates to compositions
used to make such a tissue product as well as methods for making
and using such compositions.
Inventors: |
Zhang; Naijie; (Ridgefield,
CT) ; Ryan; Michael; (Newtown, CT) |
Correspondence
Address: |
CANTOR COLBURN, LLP
55 GRIFFIN ROAD SOUTH
BLOOMFIELD
CT
06002
US
|
Assignee: |
KEMIRA OYJ
Porkkalankatu 3
Helsinki
FI
FI-00180
|
Family ID: |
36203379 |
Appl. No.: |
11/577603 |
Filed: |
September 26, 2005 |
PCT Filed: |
September 26, 2005 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US05/34820 |
371 Date: |
July 24, 2007 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60620278 |
Oct 20, 2004 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
162/168.3 ;
162/158 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D21H 21/20 20130101;
D21H 17/375 20130101; D21H 17/675 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
162/168.3 ;
162/158 |
International
Class: |
D21H 21/20 20060101
D21H021/20 |
Claims
1. A tissue product comprising: (a) a tissue fibrous web
incorporated throughout the tissue product; (b) a temporary wet
strength agent capable of forming hemi-acetal bonds with the fibers
of the web to prevent immediate degradation of the web when the
tissue product contacts water; and (c) a composition containing a
degrading agent selected from the group consisting of alkaline
agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and combinations
thereof; wherein the degrading agent is located throughout the
fibrous web and the degrading agent is present throughout the
tissue product in an amount that is sufficient to make the fibrous
web exhibit (i) an immediate wet tensile strength of at least 90%
of the wet strength as compared to a web that does not contain a
degrading agent and (ii) a wet soak decay that is at least a ten
point improvement as compared to a tissue fibrous web that does not
contain a degrading agent.
2. The tissue product of claim 1, wherein the temporary wet
strength agent is a glyoxylated polyacrylamide.
3. The tissue product of claim 2, wherein the glyoxylated
polyacrylamide is added at an amount of from about 0.05% to about
1.0% by dry weight of the fibrous web.
4. The tissue product of claim 1, wherein the composition
containing the degrading agent includes a charged moiety including
(1) a core component selected from the group consisting of alkaline
agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and combinations
thereof and (2) a charged coating that surrounds at least a portion
of the core component.
5. The tissue product of claim 4, wherein the charged coating is a
cationically charged coating is a surfactant having an HLB value
that is more than 3.
6. The tissue product of claim 4, wherein the composition
containing the degrading agent component comprises an anionically
charged moiety including a core alkaline component and an
anionically charged coating covering at least a portion of the core
alkaline component.
7. The tissue product of claim 5, wherein the cationically charged
coating comprises solid quatemary ammonium compounds.
8. The tissue product of claim 1, wherein the composition
containing the degrading agent component comprises (i) a liquid
degradation inhibiting carrier and (ii) a degrading agent selected
from the group consisting of oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents,
and alkaline agents and combinations thereof.
9. The tissue product of claim 8, wherein the composition
containing the degrading agent component comprises the degrading
agent and a liquid degradation inhibiting carrier.
10. The tissue product of claim 8, wherein the degrading agent is a
solid moiety suspended in liquid particles.
11. The tissue product of claim 9, wherein the carrier is
hydrophobic.
12. The tissue product of claim 9, wherein the carrier is selected
from the group consisting of (1) mixtures containing materials
selected from the group consisting of water, mineral oil,
petrolatum, sorbitol, stearic acid, lanolin, lanolin alcohol, cetyl
alcohol, glyceryl stearate, PEG-100 stearate, triethanolamine,
dimethicone, propylene glycol, microcrystalline wax, triethyl
citrate, PPG-3 myristyl ether, disodium EDTA, methylparaben,
ethylparaben, propylparaben, fragrance, xanthan gum, butylparaben,
methyldibromo glutaronitrile, aand combinations thereof, (2)
lotions containing materials selected from the group consisting of
water, glycerin, sodium myristoyl sarcosina, PEG-120 methyl glucose
dioleate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, disodium lauroamphoacetate,
glycol distearate, PEG-150 pentaerithritol tetra stearate, sodium
tridecethsulfate, polyquaternium-10, sodium laureth sulfate,
phenoxyethanol, cocamide mea, citric acid, DADM hydantoin, disodium
EDTA, laureth-10, fragrance, and combinations thereof, (3) creams
containing materials selected from the group consisting of water,
sodium C.sub.14-16 olefin sulfonate, cocamidopropyl betaine, cetyl
alcohol, stearyl alcohol, di-C-.sub.12-15 alkyl fumarate,
coco-glucoside, coconut alcohol, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate,
DEA-cetyl phosphate, matriciaria (chamomilla recutita) flower
extract, aloe barbadensis leaf extract, chamonile (anthemis
nobiiis) flower extract, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, potato
(sodium tuberosum) strach, propylene glycol, fragrance, and
combinations thereof, (4) creams containing materials selected from
the group consisting of water, sodium cocoyl isethionate, propylene
glycol, stearic acid, cetearyl alcohol, cocoamidopropyl betaine,
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,
salicylic acid, menthol, fragrance, magnesium aluminum silicate,
disodium EDTA, methylparaben, propylparaben, DADM hydantonin,
titanium dioxide, and combinations thereof, (5) tetra-alkyl
anunonium chlorides, (6) quaternary amine tetra alkyl ammonium
chlorides, (7) sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinates in petroleum
distillates, (8) polyoxyethylene(10) oleyl ethers,
(9)polyoxyethylene(2) cetyl ethers, and combinations thereof.
13. The tissue product of claim 1, wherein the alkaline reagent
component excludes sodium acetate, sodium benzoate, sodium
carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium
bicarbonate, and combinations thereof.
14. In a process for forming a tissue product from a tissue fibrous
web, the improvement comprising the addition to the wet-end of the
tissue product forming process of a composition containing a
degrading agent selected from the group consisting of alkaline
agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and combinations
thereof; wherein the degrading agent is located throughout the
fibrous web formed by the process and the degrading agent is
present throughout the tissue product in an amount that is
sufficient to make the fibrous web exhibit (i) an immediate wet
tensile strength of at least 90% of the wet strength as compared to
a web that does not contain a degrading agent and (ii) a wet soak
decay that is at least a ten point improvement as compared to a
tissue fibrous web that does not contain a degrading agent.
15. A composition comprising a formulation including: (a) a
degrading agent selected from the group consisting of alkaline
agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and combinations
thereof; and (b) a degradation inhibiting carrier component;
wherein the degrading agent is present throughout the tissue
product in a sufficient amount to make a tissue fibrous web
containing the composition exhibit (i) an immediate wet tensile
strength of at least 90% of the wet strength as compared to a web
that does not contain a degrading agent and (ii) a wet soak decay
that is at least a ten point improvement as compared to a tissue
fibrous web that does not contain a degrading agent.
16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the degradation inhibiting
carrier component is hydrophobic.
17. The composition of claim 15, wherein the degradation inhibiting
carrier component is selected from the group consisting of (1)
mixtures containing materials selected from the group consisting of
water, mineral oil, petrolatum, sorbitol, stearic acid, lanolin,
lanolin alcohol, cetyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate, PEG-100
stearate, triethanolamine, dimethicone, propylene glycol,
microcrystalline wax, triethyl citrate, PPG-3 myristyl ether,
disodium EDTA, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben,
fragrance, xanthan gum, butylparaben, methyldibromo glutaronitrile,
and combinations thereof, (2) lotions containing materials selected
from the group consisting of water, glycerin, sodium myristoyl
sarcosina, PEG-120 methyl glucose dioleate, sodium
lauroamphoacetate, disodium lauroamphoacetate, glycol distearate,
PEG-150 pentaerithritol tetra stearate, sodium tridecethsulfate,
polyquaternium10, sodium laureth sulfate, phenoxyethanol, cocamide
mea, citric acid, DADM hydantoin, disodium EDTA, laureth-10,
fragrance, and combinations thereof, (3) creams containing
materials selected from the group consisting of water, sodium
C.sub.14-16 olefin sulfonate, cocamidopropyl betaine, cetyl
alcohol, stearyl alcohol, di-C-.sub.12-15 alkyl fumarate,
coco-glucoside, coconut alcohol, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate,
DEA-cetyl phosphate, matriciaria (chamomilla recutita) flower
extract, aloe barbadensis leaf extract, chamonile (anthemis
nobiiis) flower extract, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, potato
(sodium tuberosum) strach, propylene glycol, fragrance, and
combinations thereof, (4) creams containing materials selected from
the group consisting of water, sodium cocoyl isethionate, propylene
glycol, stearic acid, cetearyl alcohol, cocoamidopropyl betaine,
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,
salicylic acid, menthol, fragrance, magnesium aluminum silicate,
disodium EDTA, methylparaben, propylparaben, DADM hydantonin,
titanium dioxide, and combinations thereof, (5) tetra-alkyl
ammonium chlorides, (6) quaternary amine tetra alkyl ammonium
chlorides, (7) sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinates in petroleum
distillates, (8) polyoxyethylene(10) oleyl ethers,
(9)polyoxyethylene(2) cetyl ethers, and combinations thereof.
18. A composition comprising a charged moiety including (1) a core
component selected from the group consisting of oxidizing agents,
nucleophilic agents, and combinations thereof and a (2) a charged
coating that surrounds at least a portion of the core component;
wherein the degrading agent is present throughout the tissue
product in a sufficient amount to make a tissue fibrous web
containing the composition exhibit (i) an immediate wet tensile
strength of at least 90% of the wet strength as compared to a web
that does not contain a degrading agent and (ii) a wet soak decay
that is at least a ten point improvement as compared to a tissue
fibrous web that does not contain a degrading agent.
19. A composition comprising a tissue having an absorbent fibrous
cellulosic web, wherein the tissue includes a combination of: (1) a
total area ranging from 100 to 150cm.sup.2; (2) a basis weight
ranging from 5 to 50 gsm; (3) a degrading agent located throughout
the fibrous cellulosic web, wherein the degrading agent is selected
from the group consisting of alkaline agents, oxidizing agents,
nucleophilic agents, and combinations thereof (4) an immediate wet
tensile strength of at least 90% of the wet strength as compared to
a web that does not contain a degrading agent and (5) a wet soak
decay that is at least a ten point improvement as compared to a
tissue fibrous web that does not contain a degrading agent.
20. A composition comprising a tissue having an absorbent fibrous
cellulosic web, wherein the tissue includes a combination of: (1) a
total area ranging from 100 to 150cm.sup.2; (2) a basis weight
ranging from 5 to 50 gsm; (43) an initial wet tensile strength that
is at least 10 g/cm.sup.2 (4) an improved decay that is at least 10
points; (45) an absorbency that is less than 25 seconds, as
measured by the water drop test.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] The tissue industry has long had a long-felt need for a very
high decaying temporary wet strength agent. Poor decay translates
into the clogging of pipes and septic systems. While many consumers
desire wet strength in their tissue, there are consumers who do not
use tissue with a temporary wet strength agent due to this problem.
A tissue with high initial wet strength and outstanding decay would
have a very significant benefit for consumers.
[0002] The tissue industry has also had a long-felt need for a
temporary wet strength agent that can exhibits very high initial
wet tensile. Having a composition that would achieve this objective
would allow the paper-maker to use low dosages of this temporary
wet strength agent and still achieve acceptable decay resulting in
significant cost savings. Having a composition that produces tissue
that exhibits both high decay and a high initial wet strength would
provide numerous benefits to both consumers and papermakers.
[0003] Unfortunately, current known temporary wet strength agents
have not been able to provide a temporary wet strength agent that
is high decaying and that exhibits a very high initial wet tensile.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,548,427, for instance, teaches the addition of a
temporary wet strength agent, such as glyoxylated polyacrylamide,
to a tissue product during the wet end of a tissue manufacturing
process and the subsequent addition of an alkaline reagent to the
tissue product during the dry end of the manufacturing process. The
patent does not provide meaningful guidelines to enable one or
ordinary skill in the art to make a tissue with high initial wet
strength and outstanding decay. The use of sodium bicarbonate,
discussed in Example 2 of U.S. Pat. No. 6,548,427, for instance,
has been found to be inadequate in producing a tissue with high
initial wet strength and outstanding decay. This patent does not
teach how users in the field can achieve a tissue product having
very high decaying temporary wet strength agent, let alone a tissue
product having an immediate wet tensile strength of at least 90% of
the wet strength as compared to a web that does not contain a
degrading agent and a wet soak decay that is at least a ten point
improvement as compared to a tissue fibrous web that does not
contain a degrading agent.
[0004] For the foregoing reasons, there is a need to develop a
tissue product that exhibits improved decay.
[0005] For the foregoing reasons, there is a need to develop a
tissue product that exhibits an immediate wet tensile strength of
at least 90% as compared to the immediate wet tensile strength of a
web that does not contain a degrading agent.
[0006] For the foregoing reasons, there is a need to develop a
tissue product that exhibits a wet soak decay that is at least a
ten point improvement as compared to a tissue fibrous web that does
not contain a degrading agent.
SUMMARY
[0007] The invention relates to a tissue product that includes (a)
a tissue fibrous web incorporated throughout the tissue product;
(b) a temporary wet strength agent capable of forming hemi-acetal
bonds with the fibers of the web to prevent immediate degradation
of the web when the tissue product contacts water; and (c) a
composition containing a degrading agent selected from the group
consisting of alkaline agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic
agents, and combinations thereof, such that the degrading agent is
present throughout the tissue product in a sufficient amount to
make a tissue fibrous web containing the composition exhibit (i) an
immediate wet tensile strength of at least 90% of the wet strength
as compared to a web that does not contain a degrading agent and
(ii) a wet soak decay that is at least a ten point improvement as
compared to a tissue fibrous web that does not contain a degrading
agent.
[0008] In another embodiment, the invention relates to a
formulation useful for making such a tissue product, which
includes: (a)_a degrading agent selected from the group consisting
of alkaline agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and
combinations thereof; and (b)_a degradation inhibiting carrier
component.
[0009] In another embodiment, the invention relates to a
composition useful for making such a tissue product, in which the
composition includes a charged moiety including (1) a core
component selected from the group consisting of oxidizing agents,
nucleophilic agents, and combinations thereof and a (2) a charged
coating that surrounds at least a portion of the core
component;
[0010] In one embodiment, the invention provides a tissue having an
absorbent fibrous cellulosic web, wherein the tissue includes a
combination of the following properties: [0011] (1) a total area
ranging from 100 to 150 cm.sup.2; [0012] (2) a basis weight ranging
from 5 to 50 gsm; [0013] (3) a degrading agent located throughout
the fibrous cellulosic web, wherein the degrading agent is selected
from the group consisting of alkaline agents, oxidizing agents,
nucleophilic agents, and combinations thereof; (4) an immediate wet
tensile strength of at least 90% of the wet strength as compared to
a web that does not contain a degrading agent and (5) a wet soak
decay that is at least a ten point improvement as compared to a
tissue fibrous web that does not contain a degrading agent.
[0014] In another embodiment, the invention relates to a
composition including a tissue having an absorbent fibrous
cellulosic web, wherein the tissue includes a combination of:
[0015] (1) a total area ranging from 100 to 150 cm.sup.2; [0016]
(2) a basis weight ranging from 5 to 50 gsm; [0017] (4) an initial
wet tensile strength that is at least 10 g/cm; [0018] (3) an
improved decay that is at least 10 points; [0019] (4) an absorbency
that is less than 25 seconds, as measured by the water drop
test.
[0020] The invention also relates to methods for making a tissue
product and methods for making and using compositions.
[0021] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the
present invention will become better understood with reference to
the following description and appended claims.
DESCRIPTION
[0022] The invention relates to a tissue product that includes (a)
a tissue fibrous web incorporated throughout the tissue product;
(b) a temporary wet strength agent capable of forming hemi-acetal
bonds with the fibers of the web to prevent immediate degradation
of the web when the tissue product contacts water; and (c) a
composition containing a degrading agent selected from the group
consisting of alkaline agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic
agents, and combinations thereof.
[0023] The degrading agent is located throughout the fibrous web
and the degrading agent is present throughout the tissue product in
an amount that is sufficient to make the fibrous web exhibit (i) an
immediate wet tensile strength of at least 90% of the wet strength
as compared to a web that does not contain a degrading agent and
(ii) a wet soak decay that is at least a ten point improvement as
compared to a tissue fibrous web that does not contain a degrading
agent.
[0024] The invention is based on the discovery that by using a
certain composition containing a degrading agent at the "wet end"
of a papermaking process, it is now possible to make a tissue
having a highly useful combination of properties, namely (i) an
immediate wet tensile strength of at least 90% of the wet strength
as compared to a web that does not contain the degrading agent and
(ii) a wet soak decay that is at least a ten point improvement as
compared to a tissue fibrous web that does not contain the
degrading agent. The phrase "a ten point improvement," refers to
the difference between the initial wet tensile and thirty minute
wet soak tensile as a percentage of initial wet tensile is at least
ten full points or greater using the invented technology, e.g., 80%
vs. 70% wet tensile decay in thirty minutes. The phrase "the water
drop test" refers to the time, measured in seconds, for a 5
microliter drop of water to absorb into a sheet of paper.
[0025] Other than in the operating examples or where otherwise
indicated, all numbers or expressions referring to quantities of
ingredients, reaction conditions, and the like, used in the
specification and claims are to be understood as modified in all
instances by the term "about." Various numerical ranges are
disclosed in this patent application. Because these ranges are
continuous, they include every value between the minimum and
maximum values. Unless expressly indicated otherwise, the various
numerical ranges specified in this application are
approximations.
[0026] The temporary wet strength suitable for the invention can be
any temporary wet strength agent capable of forming hemi-acetal
bonds with the fibers of the web to provide initial wet strength in
the fibrous sheet and to prevent immediate degradation of the web
when the tissue product contacts water. The temporary wet strength
agent provides initial wet strength in the fibrous sheet. The
temporary wet strength agent component, for instance, can be
selected from the group of the following temporary wet strength
agents: dialdehyde starches, glyoxylated polyacrylamides, and
combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the temporary wet strength
agent is a glyoxylated polyacrylamide having a backbone that is
less than 10,000 daltons prior to glyoxylation.
[0027] The amount of the temporary wet strength agent can vary,
depending on the application. In one embodiment, the temporary wet
strength agent is in an amount that is at least 0.05 wt %, based on
the weight of the dry fiber. In another embodiment, the temporary
wet strength agent is in an amount that is at least 0.1 wt %, based
on the weight of the dry fiber. In another embodiment, the
temporary wet strength agent is present in an amount ranging from
0.05 to 1.0 wt %, based on the weight of the dry fiber.
[0028] The composition containing the degrading agent is
specifically designed to be used to make tissue products having a
combination of useful immediate wet tensile strength and wet soak
decay properties. In one embodiment, the composition containing the
degrading agent includes a charged moiety including (1) a core
component selected from the group consisting of alkaline agents,
oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and combinations thereof and
(2) a charged coating that surrounds at least a portion of the core
component. The charged moiety can be cationically charged or
anionically charged. As such, the invention can encompass a
degrading agent component includes an anionically charged or a
cationically charged moiety including a core alkaline, oxidizing,
or nucleophilic component and an anionically charged (or
cationically charged) coating covering at least a portion of the
core alkaline, oxidizing, or nucleophilic component.
[0029] The cationically charged coating is generally a surfactant
having an HLB value that is >3. A useful cationic surfactant
coating includes solid quaternary ammonium compounds. The
anionically charged coating may be made from materials such as
solid carboxylic acid and/or sulfonic acid containing
compounds.
[0030] The degrading agent must be capable of degrading the
temporary wet strength agent-fiber bonds in a fibrous sheet. The
degrading agent is generally selected from the group of alkaline
agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and combinations
thereof. Examples of suitable degrading agents include and are not
limited to Mg(OH).sub.2, Ca(OH).sub.2, Mg(HSO.sub.3).sub.2,
MgO.sub.2, ZnO, Na.sub.2SO.sub.3, (MgCO.sub.3).sub.4.Mg(OH).sub.2,
Na.sub.2O.Al.sub.2O.sub.3, H.sub.2O.sub.2, and combinations
thereof. In one embodiment, the alkaline reagent component excludes
sodium acetate, sodium benzoate, sodium carbonate, sodium
bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, and
combinations thereof.
[0031] In another embodiment, the composition containing the
degradation component includes (a) a degrading agent selected from
the group consisting of alkaline agents, oxidizing agents,
nucleophilic agents, and combinations thereof; and (b) a
degradation inhibitting carrier component. Such composition can be
in various forms. For instance, the composition containing the
degrading agent component includes (i) a liquid degradation
inhibiting carrier and (ii) the degrading agent. In another
embodiment, the degrading agent is a solid moiety suspended in
liquid particles.
[0032] The degradation inhibitting carrier prevents the degrading
agent from lowering the initial wet tensile such that the
degradation inhibitting carrier delays the action of the degrading
agent to yield high initial wet tensile and high decay. The
degradation inhibitting carrier may be described as a hydrophobic
carrier, e.g., a protective hydrophobic liquid vehicle, that allows
the degrading agent to lower the wet soak tensile, thereby
improving the decay.
[0033] The degradation inhibitting carrier, for instance, can
include lotions that include mixtures containing materials selected
from the following: water, mineral oil, petrolatum, sorbitol,
stearic acid, lanolin, lanolin alcohol, cetyl alcohol, glyceryl
stearate, PEG-100 stearate, triethanolamine, dimethicone, propylene
glycol, microcrystalline wax, triethyl citrate, PPG-3 myristyl
ether, disodium EDTA, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propyl-paraben,
fragrance, xanthan gum, butylparaben, methyldibromo glutaronitrile.
Lotions containing the following materials can also be used: a
mixture of water, glycerin, sodium myristoyl sarcosina, PEG-120
methyl glucose dioleate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, disodium
lauroampho-acetate, glycol distearate, PEG-150 pentaerithritol
tetra stearate, sodium tridecethsulfate, polyquaternium-10, sodium
laureth sulfate, phenoxy-ethanol, cocamide mea, citric acid, DADM
hydantoin, disodium EDTA, laureth-10, fragrance. In one embodiment,
a cream containing materials selected from the following can be
used: a mixture of water, sodium C14-16 olefin sulfonate,
cocamidopropyl betaine, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, di-C-12-15
alkyl fumarate, coco-glucoside, coconut alcohol, sodium methyl
cocoyl taurate, DEA-cetyl phosphate, matriciaria (chamomilla
recutita) flower extract, aloe barbadensis leaf extract, chamonile
(anthemis nobiis) flower extract, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose,
potato (sodium tuberosum) strach, propylene glycol, fragrance. In
another embodiment, a cream containing the following materials can
be used: a mixture of water, sodium cocoyl isethionate, propylene
glycol, stearic acid, cetearyl alcohol, cocoamidopropyl betaine,
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,
salicylic acid, menthol, fragrance, magnesium aluminum silicate,
disodium EDTA, methylparaben, propylparaben, DADM hydantonin,
titanium dioxide (Cl 77891). Alternatively, the following materials
may also be suitable: Tetra-alkyl ammonium chloride, quaternary
amine tetra alkyl ammonium chloride, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
in petroleum distillate, polyoxyethylene(10) oleyl ether
Polyoxyethylene(2) cetyl ether. Examples of commercially available
materials can be selected from the group of Aerosol OT, Variquat
K1215, Suave Cream, Neutragena Cream, Olay lotion, tissue softener,
Brij 97, Brij 52, solid wax coatings, other such protective
hydrophobic liquid vehicles, and combinations thereof.
[0034] The composition containing the degrading agent can be made
by any suitable method that produces a composition containing
suitable properties. The charged moiety can be made by mixing the
core component and the anionic or cationic substrate under
conditions that produce the charged coating. For instance, the
charged coating material can be dissolved in a suitable solvent in
which the particulate degrading agent is insoluble. The degrading
agent is then slurried in this solution. The solvent is then
stripped, thereby, depositing the coating onto the surface of the
degrading agent. Alternatively, the coating and degrading agent can
be milled together to form the coated degrading agent.
Alternatively, the coating can be dissolved and precipitated onto
the degrading agent or the materials can be co-precipitated
provided the coating remains largely on the outside of the core
degrading agent.
[0035] Alternatively, the composition can be made by combining the
degrading agent with the degradation inhibiting carrier component
under conditions that produce (i) a liquid degradation inhibiting
carrier and (ii) the degrading agent or a degrading agent as a
solid moiety suspended in liquid particles. For instance, materials
such as Mg(OH).sub.2, Ca(OH).sub.2, Mg(HSO.sub.3).sub.2, MgO.sub.2,
ZnO, Na.sub.2SO.sub.3, (MgCO.sub.3).sub.4.Mg(OH).sub.2,
Na.sub.2O.Al.sub.2O.sub.3, H.sub.2O.sub.2, or combinations thereof
either suspended, dissolved, or emulsified in lotions, Aerosol OT,
Variquat K1215, Suave Cream, Neutragena Cream, Olay lotion, tissue
softener, Brij 97, Brij 52, or combinations thereof. The
temperatures at which a composition of the invention is made or
used varies with application.
[0036] The pulp slurry that is treated with a composition of the
invention generally includes any pulp slurry, which when used in
accordance to the invention, produces tissue that exhibits improved
initial wet tensile and decay. Suitable fibers provide sufficient
sheet integrity to make tissue products suitable for their ordinary
use. Papermaking fibers for making the tissue product webs of this
invention, for instance, can include any natural or synthetic
fibers suitable for the end use products listed above including,
but not limited to: nonwood fibers, such as abaca, sabai grass,
milkweed floss fibers, pineapple leaf fibers; softwood fibers, such
as northern and southern softwood kraft fibers; hardwood fibers,
such as eucalyptus, maple, birch, aspen, or the like. In addition,
furnishes including recycled fibers may also be utilized. In making
the tissue products, the fibers are formed into a pulp furnish by
known pulp stock formation processes.
[0037] Softening agents, sometimes referred to as debonders, can be
added to the tissue making process to enhance the softness of the
tissue product. Such softening agents can be incorporated with the
fibers before, during or after dispersing the fibers in the
furnish. Such agents can also be sprayed or printed onto the web
after formation, while wet, or added to the wet end of the tissue
machine prior to formation. Suitable softening agents include,
without limitation, fatty acids, waxes, quaternary ammonium salts,
dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, quaternary
ammonium methyl sulfate, carboxylated polyethylene, cocamide
diethanol amine, coco betane, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, partly
ethoxylated quaternary ammonium salt, distearyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride, polysiloxanes and the like. Examples of suitable
commercially available chemical softening agents include, without
limitation, Berocell 596 and 584 (quaternary ammonium compounds)
manufactured by Eka Nobel Inc., Adogen 442 (dimethyl dihydrogenated
tallow ammonium chloride) manufactured by Sherex Chemical Company,
Quasoft 203 (quaternary ammonium salt) manufactured by Quaker
Chemical Company, and Arquad 2HT-75 (di(hydrogenated tallow)
dimethyl ammonium chloride) manufactured by Akzo Chemical Company.
Suitable amounts of softening agents will vary greatly with the
species of pulp selected and the desired characteristics of the
resulting tissue product. Such amounts can be, without limitation,
from 0.05 to 1 weight percent based on the weight of fiber, more
specifically from 0.25 to 0.75 weight percent, and still more
specifically 0.5 weight percent.
[0038] The tissue pulp slurry generally does not contain an
appreciable amount of permanent wet strength agent. In one
embodiment, the pulp slurry contains a permanent wet strength resin
in an amount that is less than 250 ppm. In another embodiment, the
pulp slurry contains a permanent wet strength resin in an amount
that is less than 100 ppm. In another embodiment, the pulp slurry
does not contain any permanent wet strength resin.
[0039] In use, the invention provides a highly effective method for
making paper having a combination of highly useful properties. The
temporary wet strength agent and the composition containing a
degrading agent are added to the wet end of a papermaking process
such that the degrading agent is retained in the final sheet. The
order of addition of the temporary wet strength agent and the
degradation composition is not important. As such, the invention is
useful in a process for forming a tissue product from a tissue
fibrous web, such that the invention provides an improvement that
involves the addition to the wet-end of the tissue product forming
process of a composition containing a degrading agent selected from
the group consisting of alkaline agents, oxidizing agents,
nucleophilic agents, and combinations thereof.
[0040] One way that such a method may be practiced includes a
method that involves the steps of (a) adding to a tissue pulp
slurry a composition comprising: (1) a temporary wet strength agent
component capable of forming hemi-acetal bonds with the fibers of a
tissue web to provide initial wet strength and subsequent rapid
degradation of the initial wet strength when the tissue web
contacts water, the temporary wet strength agent being present in
an amount ranging from 0.05 to 1.0 wt %, based on the weight of the
dry fiber; (2) adding to a tissue pulp slurry, a composition
containing a degrading agent selected from the group consisting of
alkaline agents, oxidizing agents, nucleophilic agents, and
combinations thereof, and thereby making a tissue paper product
that has a combination of highly useful properties.
[0041] A tissue product made from the process of the invention has
highly useful properties. The degrading agent is located throughout
the fibrous web formed by the process and the degrading agent is
present throughout the tissue product in an amount that is
sufficient to make the fibrous web exhibit (i) an immediate wet
tensile strength of at least 90% of the wet strength as compared to
a web that does not contain a degrading agent and (ii) a wet soak
decay that is at least a ten point improvement as compared to a
tissue fibrous web that does not contain a degrading agent. The
improved decay provided by the system means that the risk of
clogging of pipes and septic systems is reduced. While many
consumers desire wet strength in their tissue, there are consumers
who do not use tissue with a temporary wet strength agent due to
this problem. The tissue made in accordance to the invention
exhibits both high initial decay and a high initial wet strength
would provide numerous benefits to both consumers and
papermakers.
[0042] In one embodiment, the invention provides a tissue having an
absorbent fibrous cellulosic web, wherein the tissue includes a
combination of the following properties: [0043] (1) a total area
ranging from 100 to 150 cm.sup.2; [0044] (2) a basis weight ranging
from 5 to 50 gsm; [0045] (3) a degrading agent located throughout
the fibrous cellulosic web, wherein the degrading agent is selected
from the group consisting of alkaline agents, oxidizing agents,
nucleophilic agents, and combinations thereof; (4) an immediate wet
tensile strength of at least 90% of the wet strength as compared to
a web that does not contain a degrading agent and (5) a wet soak
decay that is at least a ten point improvement as compared to a
tissue fibrous web that does not contain a degrading agent.
[0046] In another embodiment, the invention relates to a
composition including a tissue having an absorbent fibrous
cellulosic web, wherein the tissue includes a combination of:
[0047] (1) a total area ranging from 100 to 150 cm.sup.2; [0048]
(2) a basis weight ranging from 5 to 50 gsm; [0049] (4) an initial
wet tensile strength that is at least 10 g/cm; [0050] (3) an
improved decay that is at least 10 points; [0051] (4) an absorbency
that is less than 25 seconds, as measured by the water drop
test.
[0052] In one embodiment, the absorbency is less than 20 seconds or
less than 15 seconds. In another embodiment, the absorbency is less
than 10 seconds. In another embodiment, the absorbency is less than
5 seconds. In another embodiment, the absorbency is less than 2
seconds. In another embodiment, the absorbency ranges from 1 to 2,
5, 10, 15, 20, or 25 seconds. With respect to the improved decay,
in one embodiment, the improved decay is at least 15 points. In
another embodiment, the improved decay is at least 18 points or at
least 20 points. In another embodiment, the improved decay ranges
from 10 to 20 points.
[0053] The invention is further described in the following
illustrative examples in which all parts and percentages are by
weight unless otherwise indicated.
Example 1
[0054] A dose of 0.5% (based on dry fiber) EXPN 5032 glyoxalated
polyacrylamide resin was added to a 0.6% pulp slurry in water and
mixed well. The pulp slurry was then dewatered on a forming wire
and dried into a 70 g/m.sup.2 paper sheet.
Example 2
[0055] A blend of distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and cationic
and anionic ethoxylated surfactants were dissolved in isopropyl
alcohol. Magnesium peroxide powder was dispersed in this solution.
While stirring, the isopropyl alcohol was evaporated, leaving a
brittle white solid. The triturate was a fine white powder of
coated magnesium peroxide. A dose of 0.5% (based on dry fiber) EXPN
5032 glyoxalated polyacrylamide resin was added to a 0.6% pulp
slurry in water and mixed well. A dose of 0.25% (based on dry
fiber) of the coated magnesium peroxide was then added to the pulp
slurry and mixed well. The pulp slurry was then dewatered on a
forming wire and dried into a 70 g/m.sup.2 paper sheet.
Example 3
[0056] Calcium hydroxide powder was emulsified in a lotion base in
a ratio of 2:3 calcium hydroxide to lotion. The result was a stable
liquid. A dose of 0.5% (based on dry fiber) EXPN 5032 glyoxalated
polyacrylamide resin was added to a 0.6% pulp slurry in water and
mixed well. A dose of 0.25% (based on dry fiber) of the emulsion
was then added to the pulp slurry and mixed well. The pulp slurry
was then dewatered on a forming wire and dried into a 70 g/m.sup.2
paper sheet.
Results
[0057] The sheets above were then cut into 2.5 cm by 10.2 cm
strips. The strips were placed in a tensile tester, wet with water,
then immediately pulled to measure tensile. New strips from the
same sheet were placed in water for thirty minutes. These strips
were then placed in the tensile tester and pulled to measure
tensile. The percent decay was calculated using these measurements.
TABLE-US-00001 Example Initial Wet Tensile (g/cm) % Decay 1 299 66
2 274 77 3 274 82
[0058] Although the present invention has been described in detail
with reference to certain preferred versions thereof, other
variations are possible. Therefore, the spirit and scope of the
appended claims should not be limited to the description of the
versions contained therein.
* * * * *