U.S. patent application number 11/896849 was filed with the patent office on 2008-01-17 for low flame-spreading cigarette paper.
This patent application is currently assigned to JAPAN TOBACCO INC.. Invention is credited to Takashi Kominami, Takaaki Matsufuji, Ken Uyama.
Application Number | 20080011312 11/896849 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36991505 |
Filed Date | 2008-01-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080011312 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Matsufuji; Takaaki ; et
al. |
January 17, 2008 |
Low flame-spreading cigarette paper
Abstract
A cigarette paper exhibiting a low flame-spreading property,
includes, on one surface of a base cigarette paper containing a
filler in an amount of 2 to 6 g/m.sup.2 and having a basis weight
of 16 to 22 g/m.sup.2, burn-suppressing regions coated with a
burn-suppressing agent, provided spaced apart from each other, in
which the total coating amount of the burn-suppressing agent
corresponds to 0.2 to 1.8 g per m.sup.2 of the coated portion.
Inventors: |
Matsufuji; Takaaki;
(Yokohama-shi, JP) ; Kominami; Takashi;
(Yokohama-shi, JP) ; Uyama; Ken; (Yokohama-shi,
JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BIRCH STEWART KOLASCH & BIRCH
PO BOX 747
FALLS CHURCH
VA
22040-0747
US
|
Assignee: |
JAPAN TOBACCO INC.
|
Family ID: |
36991505 |
Appl. No.: |
11/896849 |
Filed: |
September 6, 2007 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
PCT/JP2006/303861 |
Mar 1, 2007 |
|
|
|
11896849 |
Sep 6, 2007 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
131/365 ;
162/139 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A24D 1/025 20130101;
D21H 17/67 20130101; D21H 19/10 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
131/365 ;
162/139 |
International
Class: |
A24D 1/02 20060101
A24D001/02 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Mar 15, 2005 |
JP |
2005-073055 |
Claims
1. A cigarette paper exhibiting a low flame-spreading property,
comprising, on one surface of a base cigarette paper containing a
filler in an amount of 2 to 6 g/m.sup.2 and having a basis weight
of 16 to 22 g/m.sup.2, burn-suppressing regions coated with a
burn-suppressing agent, provided spaced apart from each other,
wherein a total coating amount of the burn-suppressing agent
corresponds to 0.2 to 1.8 g per m.sup.2 of the coated portion.
2. The cigarette paper according to claim 1, wherein the
burn-suppressing regions are in a form of a plurality of stripes
such that when a tobacco rod is wrapped with the cigarette paper,
they extend in a longitudinal direction of the tobacco rod and are
spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction of the
tobacco rod.
3. The cigarette paper according to claim 1, wherein the
burn-suppressing regions are in a form of a plurality of annular
rings such that when a tobacco rod is wrapped with the cigarette
paper, they extend in a circumferential direction of the tobacco
rod and are spaced apart from each other in a longitudinal
direction of the tobacco rod.
4. The cigarette paper according to claim 1, wherein the
burn-suppressing agent is sodium alginate.
5. The cigarette paper according to claim 4, wherein the alginic
acid has a degree of polymerization of about 500 to about 900.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This is a Continuation Application of PCT Application No.
PCT/JP2006/303861, filed Mar. 1, 2006, which was published under
PCT Article 21(2) in Japanese.
[0002] This application is based upon and claims the benefit of
priority from prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-073055,
filed Mar. 15, 2005, the entire contents of which are incorporated
herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] 1. Field of the Invention
[0004] The present invention relates to a low flame-spreading
cigarette paper, and particularly, to a cigarette paper exhibiting
both a low flame-spreading property and a low C/T ratio.
[0005] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0006] For example, a cigarette paper provided with bands formed of
a flame retardant substance coated on a base cigarette paper is
proposed (Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 7-300795), in
order to hardly cause the flame to spread from the kindling to,
e.g., the floor when the cigarette is dropped on the floor through,
for example, the carelessness of the smoker. This technique is
based on the idea that when regions having a high combustibility
and regions having a low combustibility are formed on a cigarette
paper, the ordinary smoking can be performed at the region having a
high combustibility, but, if a substance is brought into contact
with the cigarette at the regions having a low combustibility, the
cigarette is self-extinguished.
[0007] However, where a cigarette is manufactured by using the
conventional low-flame spreading cigarette paper noted above, the
carbon monoxide/tar ratio (C/T ratio) per cigarette is not
sufficiently low.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to
provide a cigarette paper exhibiting a low flam-spreading property
and achieving a low C/T ratio.
[0009] According to the present invention, there is provided a
cigarette paper exhibiting a low flame-spreading property,
comprising, on one surface of a base cigarette paper containing a
filler in an amount of 2 to 6 g/m.sup.2 and having a basis weight
of 16 to 22 g/m.sup.2, burn-suppressing regions coated with a
burn-suppressing agent, provided spaced apart from each other,
wherein a total coating amount of the burn-suppressing agent
corresponds to 0.2 to 1.8 g per m.sup.2 of the coated portion.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
[0010] The single FIGURE is a schematic oblique view, partly broken
away, exemplifying a construction of a cigarette wrapped with a
cigarette paper according to one embodiment of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The present invention will now be described in more
detail.
[0012] In the cigarette paper of the present invention,
burn-suppressing regions coated with a burn-suppressing agent are
formed apart from each other on one surface of a base cigarette
paper.
[0013] The base cigarette paper is based on an ordinary pulp such
as flax pulp that is generally used for cigarette papers. However,
the base cigarette paper contains a filler in an amount of 2 to 6
g/m.sup.2, and has a basis weight of 16 to 22 g/m.sup.2.
[0014] As the filler, use may be made of materials that are used
generally including, for example, carbonates such as calcium
carbonate and potassium carbonate, and hydroxides such as calcium
hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
[0015] A burn adjusting agent such as citric acid or a salt thereof
(sodium salt or potassium salt) may be added to the cigarette
paper. These burn-adjusting agents, if added, may be used in an
amount of up to 2% by weight in the base cigarette paper.
[0016] On one surface of the base cigarette paper, burn-suppressing
regions, which are formed by coating of a burn-suppressing agent,
are provided apart from each other. The burn-suppressing regions
may be provided in the form of a plurality of stripes such that
when a tobacco rod is wrapped with the cigarette paper, they extend
in the longitudinal direction of the tobacco rod and are spaced
apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the
tobacco rod. Alternatively, the burn-suppressing regions may be
provided in the form of a plurality of annular rings such that they
extend in the circumferential direction of the tobacco rod and are
spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the
tobacco rod. In any case, the total coating amount of the
burn-suppressing agent (dry basis) corresponds to 0.2 to 1.8
g/m.sup.2 per m.sup.2 of the coated region.
[0017] As the burn-suppressing agent, use may be preferably made
of, for example, proteins such as gelatin, casein, albumin, and
gluten; polysaccharides exhibiting a viscosity-increasing property
such as starch, xanthan gum (echo gum), locust bean gum, guar gum
(guar pack), tragacanth gum, tamarind seed polysaccharide
(glyroid), karaya gum, gum arabic, pullulan, dextrin, cyclo dextrin
(Oligoseven), and gutty; polysaccharides exhibiting a gelling
property such as carrageenan, curdlan, agar-agar, gelatin,
farselran, pectin, juran gum, and Kelco Gel; a lipid such as
lecithin; natural polymer derivatives such as sodium alginate,
carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, propylene glycol
alginate ester, and processed starch (such as starch phosphate);
synthesized polymeric compounds such as sodium polyacrylate and
various polymeric emulsifying agents; inorganic ammonium salts such
as ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen
phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium bromide and
ammonium sulfate; inorganic hydroxides such as barium hydroxide,
calcium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide; an inorganic salt flame
retardant such as sodium borate, boric acid, zinc chloride,
magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and sodium sulfate. Also,
finely pulverized cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, flax pulp,
and wood pulp have similar effects. These burn-suppressing agents
can be used singly or in combination of two or more of these.
Sodium alginates having various degrees of polymerization are
commercially available. In the present invention, sodium alginate
having a polymerization degree of 500 to 900 is preferred. Sodium
alginate having such a high degree of polymerization exhibits a
high burn-suppressing effect even when used in a small amount.
[0018] In the present invention, the low flame-spreading property
and the low C/T ratio can be exhibited at the same time by setting
the amount of the filler in the base cigarette paper, the basis
weight of the base cigarette paper, and the total coating amount of
burn-suppressing agent within the ranges described above.
[0019] The low flame-spreading cigarette paper of the present
invention is used to wrap a tobacco rod formed of, for example,
tobacco shreds, and generally, the surface on which the
burn-suppressing agent is coated is brought into contact with the
tobacco rod.
[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates a cigarette wrapped with a cigarette
paper on which a burn-suppressing agent is coated in the form of
annular rings.
[0021] Referring to FIG. 1, a cigarette 10 comprises a tobacco rod
11 consisting of a tobacco filler 13 that is wrapped with a base
cigarette paper 12 in the form of a column. The base cigarette
paper 12 may have an inherent air permeability of about 10 to 100
CORESTA units. In general, the tobacco rod 11 has a circumference
of 17 to 26 mm and a length of 49 to 90 mm. An ordinary filter 18
may be attached to the proximal end portion (i.e., downstream edge
portion in the inhaling direction) of the tobacco rod 11 by using a
chip paper 17 according to the ordinary method.
[0022] An annular region 14 coated with a burn-suppressing agent is
formed on the base cigarette paper 12, defining a burn-suppressing
region. Where a plurality of annular burn-suppressing regions 14
are formed as illustrated in FIG. 1, these annular regions 14 are
formed apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the
tobacco rod.
[0023] An ordinary burn region 15 that is not coated with a
burn-suppressing agent is formed between adjacent annular
burn-suppressing regions 14. Since the region 15 is constituted by
a part of the base cigarette paper 12, it can burn under the
ordinary smoking state like the base cigarette paper 12 itself. It
follows that the region 15 acts as an ordinary burn region. For
example, it is possible to form 1 to 3 annular burn-suppressing
regions 14. Also, the annular burn-suppressing region 14 may have a
width of 4 to 7 mm in the longitudinal direction and generally have
a thickness of 0.1 to 5 .mu.m. Where a plurality of
burn-suppressing regions 14 are formed, distance between the
adjacent burn-suppressing regions 14 is preferably 18 to 25 mm.
[0024] In the cigarette shown in FIG. 1, a region 16 covering a
distance d from the tip is not coated with a burn-suppressing
agent. This section at the tip portion, which is not coated with
the burn-suppressing agent, also constitutes an ordinary burn
region, and can correspond to the region that is combusted by one
puff or two puffs in the ordinary cigarette. Incidentally, where a
plurality of burn-suppressing regions 14 are provided, the ordinary
burn region 16 may not be formed (d=0). However, where a single
burn-suppressing region 14 is provided, the distance d from the tip
11a of the tobacco rod can be set at 10 to 25 mm. It is not
particularly necessary to form a burn-suppressing region 14 on the
inner surface of the cigarette paper corresponding to that portion
of the cigarette paper 12 which is covered with the chip paper
17.
[0025] When the cigarette 10 is ignited at the tip 11a and inhaled
to be burnt, the cigarette can burn at the ordinary burn region 15
like an ordinary cigarette and the flavor and taste can be enjoyed.
However, if the cigarette 10 under the ignited state is put on a
combustible material such as a carpet, a tatami mat, a wooden
article, cloths, or clothing, the burn-suppressing region 14
extending in the combusting direction, the heat absorption by the
combustible substance, and the expanded tobacco shreds collectively
serve to extinguish the cigarette 10, and prevent the combustible
substance from catching fire. Also, the cigarette wrapped with the
cigarette paper of the present invention is low in the C/T ratio in
the mainstream smoke.
[0026] The present invention will be described by way of Examples
below. However, the present invention is not limited by these
Examples.
EXAMPLES 1 TO 13 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 TO 12
[0027] A base paper (width 27 mm; length 1.500 m) of the
specification shown in Table 1 was coated (printed) with an aqueous
solution of sodium alginate of various concentrations (0.5 to 20%
by weight) at a constant width of 7 mm in the longitudinal
direction and a constant spacing of 20 mm in the form of stripes by
a direct gravure method, forming a total of 56 burn-suppressing
agent-coated regions. For the cigarette paper thus obtained, the
total coating amount of sodium alginate was measured according to
the procedures described below. The results are shown also in Table
1. As shown in Table 1, the total coating amount of the
burn-suppressing agent per m.sup.2 of the region coated with the
burn-suppressing agent (sodium alginate) corresponded to 0.2 to 1.8
g in the papers of Examples 1 to 13. This coating amount of the
burn-suppressing agent can be converted to the amount of the
burn-suppressing agent per area of the cigarette paper by being
multiplied by 7/27, yielding 0.05 to 0.47 g/m.sup.2. Incidentally,
sodium alginate used in each of Examples 5, 8 and 11 was I-S
manufactured by KIMIKA (registered trademark) (polymerization
degree: 650 to 670; viscosity of its 3% by weight aqueous solution
at 25.degree. C.: 29976.9 cP), and sodium alginate used in each of
the other Examples was IL-2 manufactured by KIMIKA (registered
trademark) (polymerization degree: 30 to 180; viscosity of its 3%
by weight aqueous solution at 25.degree. C.: 907.2 cP).
[0028] A tobacco rod consisting of American blend of tobacco shreds
(tar amount without a filter: 19 to 20 mg) was wrapped with the
cigarette paper obtained above, and was cut such that the first
coated region was arranged 5 mm spaced apart from the burn edge of
the cigarette. Each cigarette was 59 mm long, and had two
burn-suppressing agent-coated regions.
[0029] The cigarette thus obtained was subjected to a burn test in
accordance with ASTM E-2187-04 so as to measure the value of PFLB
(percent full-length burn). Also, the CO amount in the mainstream
smoke, the number of puffs and the tar amount for each cigarette
sample were measured by the methods described below in respect of
these cigarette samples. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0030] <Measurement of Total Coating Amount of Sodium
Alginate>
[0031] Measurement was made as follows in accordance with
"Quantitative Analytical Method of Sodium Alginate in Food"
described in "Food Hygienics Magazine", Vol. 5, pp. 297-302 (1988),
without carrying out the degreasing, the treatment with a dilute
sulfuric acid, and the protein-removing treatment.
[0032] The cigarette paper coated with the burn-suppressing agent
(1.5000 m; width 27 mm) (about 1.0 g) was cut into pieces each
sized at 5 mm square. Then, 40 mL of a 1% by weight aqueous
solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate was added thereto, and heated
for 5 minutes in a warm water bath at 60.degree. C. Then, the
mixture was sufficiently mixed, stirred, and subjected to
centrifugal separation (3,500 rotations, 10 minutes; the same
applies to the following) to give a supernatant liquor (extracted
liquid). The extraction residue was similarly subjected again to
the extraction to give a supernatant liquor (extracted liquid). In
addition, 20 mL of a 1% by weight aqueous solution of sodium
hydrogen carbonate was added to and mixed sufficiently with the
extraction residue to give supernatant liquor (extracted liquid).
These three extracted liquid were combined, and a 1% by weight
aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate was added to 100 mL,
which was used as a test solution.
[0033] 2 mL of copper-hydrochloric acid solution (8.5M hydrochloric
acid containing 0.05% by weight of copper sulfate) and 1 mL of a
naphtoresorcinol solution (0.4% by weight aqueous solution of
1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene) were added to each of 1 mL of a sodium
alginate standard solution (1% by weight aqueous solution of sodium
hydrogen carbonate containing sodium alginate at a concentration of
0 to 0.2 mg/mL) and 1 mL of the test solution noted above. Then,
each mixture was heated for 65 minutes in a boiling water bath, and
then cooled in ice water, to which 4 mL of butyl acetate was added.
The mixture was shaken and subjected to centrifugal separation.
[0034] 1 mL was taken from the supernatant liquor after the
centrifugal separation, diluted by adding 3 mL of butyl acetate and
subjected to a colorimetric at 566 nm, and the total coating amount
was calculated.
[0035] <Measurement of CO Amount and the Number of Puffs>
[0036] For measuring the CO amount, the tobacco smoke was collected
by using an 8-port linear smoking machine (SM 342) manufactured by
FILTRONA Inc. For the burn of the cigarette, the suction of 35 mL/2
seconds was carried out at an interval of 60 seconds according to
the ISO standards, and the smoke passing through the glass fiber
filter was collected in a gas bag. The suction of the cigarette
sample was stopped when the sample reached the standard burn length
(51 mm from the ignition edge of the cigarette (8 mm apart from the
tip side as measured from the boundary between the cigarette paper
and the chip paper)). The number of puffs at this point was counted
and recorded. After the burning, the igniting portion was removed
and, then, blank puffing was performed three times so as to collect
the gas remaining in the cigarette. In this fashion, the gas of the
cigarette sample was collected in the gas bag, and the total
particulate matter (TPM) was collected at the glass fiber
filter.
[0037] The CO amount per cigarette sample was measured with a CO
measuring apparatus manufactured by FILTRONA Inc., using the gas
collected in the gas bag and
[0038] <Measurement of Tar Amount>
[0039] From the particulate components collected at the glass fiber
filter in measuring the CO amount, the crude tar amount was
weighed, and then the filter was put in a serum bottle and
vigorously shaken together with 10 mL of 2-propanol (GC grade,
manufactured by Wako Junyaku K.K.). The extracted liquor was
filtered and poured into a vial. Then, the extracted liquor was
applied to a chromatograph so as to measure the water amount and
the nicotine amount. The quantitative determination was carried out
by the internal standard method, and the tar amount was obtained by
subtracting the water amount and the nicotine amount from the crude
tar amount. TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Specification of cigarette paper
Base cigarette paper Total coating amount of Filler Basis weight
Burn-adjusting agent Air permeability burn-suppressing agent
Example (g/m.sup.2) (g/m.sup.2) (% by weight) (CORESTA) (g/m.sup.2)
Comp. Ex. 1 7.7 25 0.3 35 0 Comp. Ex. 2 5.2 21 0.3 45 0 Comp. Ex. 3
4.1 21 0.3 35 0 Comp. Ex. 4 2.5 20 0.3 37 0 Comp. Ex. 5 2.1 19 0.3
31 0 Comp. Ex. 6 7.7 26 0.3 35 1.8 Comp. Ex. 7 7.7 26 1.0 35 1.8
Comp. Ex. 8 7.7 26 0.3 35 2.2 Comp. Ex. 9 7.7 26 1.0 35 2.2 Comp.
Ex. 10 2.1 19 0.3 31 2.3 Comp. Ex. 11 2.1 26 0.3 32 0.5 Comp. Ex.
12 5.2 21 0.3 45 2.0 Ex. 1 5.2 21 0.3 45 0.3 Ex. 2 5.2 21 0.3 45
1.2 Ex. 3 5.2 21 0.3 45 1.6 Ex. 4 5.2 21 0.3 45 1.8 Ex. 5 4.1 21
0.3 35 0.3 Ex. 6 4.1 21 0.3 35 1.0 Ex. 7 4.1 21 0.3 35 1.8 Ex. 8
2.5 21 0.3 37 0.2 Ex. 9 2.5 20 0.3 37 0.7 Ex. 10 2.5 20 0.3 37 1.8
Ex. 11 2.1 19 0.3 31 0.2 Ex. 12 2.1 19 0.3 31 0.6 Ex. 13 2.1 19 0.3
31 1.0
[0040] TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Test results Tar amount CO amount
PFLB per cig. per cig. Example (%) (mg) (mg) C/T ratio Puff number
Remarks Comp. Ex. 1 100 19.6 16.0 0.82 7.4 Comp. Ex. 2 81-95 21.0
15.2 0.72 7.6 Comp. Ex. 3 87-99 21.8 16.0 0.73 7.8 Comp. Ex. 4
81-95 23.2 16.2 0.70 8.1 Comp. Ex. 5 20-40 23.7 16.8 0.71 8.2 Comp.
Ex. 6 20-40 21.1 18.4 0.87 8.2 Comp. Ex. 7 20-40 21.2 19.3 0.91 8.4
Comp. Ex. 8 0-5 21.6 19.0 0.88 8.4 Comp. Ex. 9 0-5 21.1 19.2 0.91
8.2 Comp. Ex. 10 0-5 -- -- -- -- Impossible to measure; the
cigarette went out Comp. Ex. 11 0-5 22.9 20.6 0.90 8.5 Comp. Ex. 12
0-5 -- -- -- -- Impossible to measure; the cigarette went out Ex. 1
0-5 21.4 15.6 0.73 7.8 Ex. 2 0-5 22.3 16.5 0.74 8.2 Ex. 3 0-5 22.8
17.0 0.75 8.4 Ex. 4 0-5 23.0 17.2 0.75 8.5 Ex. 5 0-5 22.0 16.3 0.74
7.9 Ex. 6 0-5 23.0 17.4 0.76 8.4 Ex. 7 0-5 23.5 17.9 0.76 8.6 Ex. 8
0-5 23.4 16.4 0.70 8.2 Ex. 9 0-5 23.8 16.8 0.71 8.4 Ex. 10 0-5 25.1
18.1 0.72 9.0 Ex. 11 0-5 25.0 17.8 0.71 8.7 Ex. 12 0-5 25.3 18.2
0.72 8.9 Ex. 13 0-5 25.9 18.8 0.73 9.1
[0041] From the results shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the
cigarette papers (Examples 1-13) in which a burn-suppressing agent
is coated spaced from each other on a base cigarette paper
containing a filler in an amount of 2 to 6 g/m.sup.2 and having a
basis weight of 16 to 22 g/m.sup.2 such that the total coating
amount corresponds to 0.2 to 1.8 g/m.sup.2 exhibit a low
flame-spreading property and a low C/T ratio.
[0042] As has been described above, the present invention provides
a cigarette paper which exhibits a low flame-spreading property and
achieves a low C/T ratio.
* * * * *