U.S. patent application number 11/413587 was filed with the patent office on 2007-11-22 for multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace.
This patent application is currently assigned to SDGI HOLDINGS, INC.. Invention is credited to Kent M. Anderson, Eric C. Lange, Hai H. Trieu.
Application Number | 20070270823 11/413587 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38468876 |
Filed Date | 2007-11-22 |
United States Patent
Application |
20070270823 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Trieu; Hai H. ; et
al. |
November 22, 2007 |
Multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace
Abstract
A multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace is
disclosed and can include at least two chambers. Each of the at
least two chambers can receive an injectable biocompatible
material. Further, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace can be moved between a deflated configuration and an
inflated configuration. In the inflated configuration, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace can engage and
support a superior spinous process and an inferior spinous
process.
Inventors: |
Trieu; Hai H.; (Cordova,
TN) ; Anderson; Kent M.; (Memphis, TN) ;
Lange; Eric C.; (Collierville, TN) |
Correspondence
Address: |
LARSON NEWMAN ABEL POLANSKY & WHITE, LLP
5914 WEST COURTYARD DRIVE
SUITE 200
AUSTIN
TX
78730
US
|
Assignee: |
SDGI HOLDINGS, INC.
Wilmington
DE
|
Family ID: |
38468876 |
Appl. No.: |
11/413587 |
Filed: |
April 28, 2006 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/250 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 2017/00557
20130101; A61B 17/7065 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
606/061 |
International
Class: |
A61F 2/30 20060101
A61F002/30 |
Claims
1. A multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace,
comprising: at least two chambers wherein each of the at least two
chambers is configured to receive an injectable biocompatible
material and wherein the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace is movable between a deflated configuration and an
inflated configuration in which the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace is configured to engage and support a
superior spinous process and an inferior spinous process.
2. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of claim
1, wherein the at least two chambers are inflatable to distract the
superior spinous process and the inferior spinous process.
3. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of claim
2, further comprising a superior spinous process pocket established
by at least one of the at least two chambers, wherein the superior
spinous process pocket is configured to engage the superior spinous
process.
4. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of claim
3, further comprising an inferior spinous process pocket
established by at least one of the at least two chambers, wherein
the inferior spinous process pocket is configured to engage the
inferior spinous process.
5. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of claim
4, further comprising a superior spinous process engagement
structure extending into the superior spinous process pocket.
6. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of claim
5, further comprising an inferior spinous process engagement
structure extending into the inferior spinous process pocket.
7. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of claim
4, further comprising a tether configured to be installed around
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace, the
superior spinous process and the inferior spinous process.
8. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of claim
7, wherein the tether is configured to substantially bind the
superior spinous process within the superior spinous process pocket
and substantially bind the inferior spinous process within the
inferior spinous process bracket.
9. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of claim
1, wherein the injectable biocompatible material comprises a
polymer, a ceramic, or a combination thereof.
10. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 9, wherein the polymer comprises a polyurethane, a
polyolefin, a silicone, a silicone polyurethane copolymer,
polymethylmethacrylate, an epoxy, a cyanoacrylate, a hydrogel, or a
combination thereof.
11. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 10, wherein the polymer in a first chamber has a first degree
of crosslinlcing and the polymer in a second chamber has a second
degree of crosslinking higher than the first degree of
crosslinking.
12. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 10, wherein the polyolefin comprises a polypropylene, a
polyethylene, a halogenated polyolefin, a flouropolyolefin, or a
combination thereof.
13. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 10, wherein the hydrogel comprises polyacrylamide (PAAM),
poly-N-isopropylacrylamine (PNIPAM), polyvinyl methylether (PVM,
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, poly
(2-ethyl) oxazoline, polyethyleneoxide (PEO), polyethylglycol
(PEG), polyacrylacid (PAA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN),
polyvinylacrylate (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or a
combination thereof.
14. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 9, wherein the ceramic comprises calcium phosphate,
hydroxyapatite, calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, or a combination
thereof.
15. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 1, wherein the injectable biocompatible material comprises a
fluid.
16. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 15, wherein the fluid comprises sterile water, saline, or
sterile air.
17. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 1, wherein the at least two chambers comprises: an exterior
chamber; and an interior chamber, wherein a hardness of a material
within the interior chamber is greater than or equal to a hardness
of a material within the exterior chamber.
18-19. (canceled)
20. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 1, wherein the at least two chambers comprises: a central
chamber, a superior chamber along a top of the central chamber; and
an inferior chamber along a bottom of the central chamber, wherein
a hardness of a material within the superior chamber and the
inferior chamber is greater than or equal to a hardness of a
material within the central chamber.
21-22. (canceled)
23. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 1, wherein the at least two chambers comprises: a central
chamber, a first lateral chamber along a first side of the central
chamber; and a second lateral chamber along a second side of the
central chamber, wherein a hardness of a material within the first
lateral chamber and the second lateral chamber is greater than or
equal to a hardness of a material within the central chamber.
24-25. (canceled)
26. The multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace of
claim 1, wherein the plurality of chambers comprises: an exterior
chamber; a first interior chamber within a first side of the
exterior chamber; and a second interior chamber within a second
side of the exterior chamber, wherein a hardness of a material
within the first interior chamber and the second interior chamber
is greater than or equal to a hardness of a material with the
exterior chamber.
27-28. (canceled)
29. A method of treating a spine, comprising: installing a
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace between a
superior spinous process and an inferior spinous process; and
inflating at least two chambers within the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace to support the superior spinous process
and the inferior spinous process.
30-35. (canceled)
36. A method of treating a spine, comprising: distracting a
superior spinous process and an inferior spinous process;
installing a multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace
between a superior spinous process and an inferior spinous process;
and inflating at least two chambers within the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace to support the superior
spinous process and the inferior spinous process.
37. A kit for field use, comprising: a multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace comprising at least two chambers
configured to receive an injectable biocompatible material; and an
injectable biocompatible material.
38. A kit for field use, comprising: a multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace comprising at least two chambers
configured to receive an injectable biocompatible material; an
injectable biocompatible material; and a tether configured to
circumscribe the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process
brace, a superior spinous process, and an inferior spinous process.
Description
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to orthopedics and
orthopedic surgery. More specifically, the present disclosure
relates to devices used to support adjacent spinous processes.
BACKGROUND
[0002] In human anatomy, the spine is a generally flexible column
that can take tensile and compressive loads. The spine also allows
bending motion and provides a place of attachment for keels,
muscles and ligaments. Generally, the spine is divided into three
sections: the cervical spine, the thoracic spine and the lumbar
spine. The sections of the spine are made up of individual bones
called vertebrae. Also, the vertebrae are separated by
intervertebral discs, which are situated between adjacent
vertebrae.
[0003] The intervertebral discs function as shock absorbers and as
joints. Further, the intervertebral discs can absorb the
compressive and tensile loads to which the spinal column may be
subjected. At the same time, the intervertebral discs can allow
adjacent vertebral bodies to move relative to each other a limited
amount, particularly during bending, or flexure, of the spine.
Thus, the intervertebral discs are under constant muscular and/or
gravitational pressure and generally, the intervertebral discs are
the first parts of the lumbar spine to show signs of
deterioration.
[0004] Facet joint degeneration is also common because the facet
joints are in almost constant motion with the spine. In fact, facet
joint degeneration and disc degeneration frequently occur together.
Generally, although one may be the primary problem while the other
is a secondary problem resulting from the altered mechanics of the
spine, by the time surgical options are considered, both facet
joint degeneration and disc degeneration typically have occurred.
For example, the altered mechanics of the facet joints and/or
intervertebral disc may cause spinal stenosis, degenerative
spondylolisthesis, and degenerative scoliosis.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] FIG. 1 is a lateral view of a portion of a vertebral
column;
[0006] FIG. 2 is a lateral view of a pair of adjacent
vertrebrae;
[0007] FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a vertebra;
[0008] FIG. 4 is a plan view of a first multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in a deflated configuration;
[0009] FIG. 5 is a plan view of the first multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration;
[0010] FIG. 6 is a plan view of the first multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration with a
tether installed there around;
[0011] FIG. 7 is a plan view of a second multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in a deflated configuration;
[0012] FIG. 8 is a plan view of the second multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration;
[0013] FIG. 9 is a plan view of the second multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration with a
tether installed there around;
[0014] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a third multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in a deflated configuration;
[0015] FIG. 11 is a plan view of the third multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration;
[0016] FIG. 12 is a plan view of the third multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration with a
tether installed there around;
[0017] FIG. 13 is a plan view of a fourth multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in a deflated configuration;
[0018] FIG. 14 is a plan view of the fourth multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process spacer in an inflated
configuration;
[0019] FIG. 15 is a plan view of the fourth multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration
with a tether installed there around;
[0020] FIG. 16 is a plan view of a fifth multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in a deflated configuration;
[0021] FIG. 17 is a plan view of the fifth multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration;
[0022] FIG. 18 is a plan view of the fifth multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration with a
tether installed there around;
[0023] FIG. 19 is a plan view of a sixth multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in a deflated configuration;
[0024] FIG. 20 is a plan view of the sixth multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration;
[0025] FIG. 21 is a plan view of the sixth multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process spacer in an inflated configuration with a
tether installed there around; and
[0026] FIG. 22 is a flow chart illustrating a method of treating a
spine.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] A multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace is
disclosed and can include at least two chambers. Each of the at
least two chambers can receive an injectable biocompatible
material. Further, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace can be moved between a deflated configuration and an
inflated configuration. In the inflated configuration, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace can engage and
support a superior spinous process and an inferior spinous
process.
[0028] In another embodiment, a method of treating a spine is
disclosed and can include installing a multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace between a superior spinous process and
an inferior spinous process. The method can also include inflating
at least two chambers within the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace to support the superior spinous process
and the inferior spinous process.
[0029] In still another embodiment, a method of treating a spine is
disclosed and can include distracting a superior spinous process
and an inferior spinous process. Also, the method can include
installing a multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace
between a superior spinous process and an inferior spinous process.
Moreover, the method can include inflating at least two chambers
within the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace to
support the superior spinous process and the inferior spinous
process.
[0030] In yet another embodiment, a kit for field use is disclosed
and can include a multi-chamber expandable interspinous process
brace that can have at least two chambers configured to receive an
injectable biocompatible material. The kit can also include an
injectable biocompatible material.
[0031] In still yet another embodiment, a kit for field use is
disclosed and can include a multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace that can include at least two chambers configured to
receive an injectable biocompatible material. Additionally, the kit
can include an injectable biocompatible material and a tether that
can circumscribe the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process
brace, a superior spinous process, and an inferior spinous
process.
Description of Relevant Anatomy
[0032] Referring initially to FIG. 1, a portion of a vertebral
column, designated 100, is shown. As depicted, the vertebral column
100 includes a lumbar region 102, a sacral region 104, and a
coccygeal region 106. As is known in the art, the vertebral column
100 also includes a cervical region and a thoracic region. For
clarity and ease of discussion, the cervical region and the
thoracic region are not illustrated.
[0033] As shown in FIG. 1, the lumbar region 102 includes a first
lumbar vertebra 108, a second lumbar vertebra 110, a third lumbar
vertebra 112, a fourth lumbar vertebra 114, and a fifth lumbar
vertebra 116. The sacral region 104 includes a sacrum 118. Further,
the coccygeal region 106 includes a coccyx 120.
[0034] As depicted in FIG. 1, a first intervertebral lumbar disc
122 is disposed between the first lumbar vertebra 108 and the
second lumbar vertebra 110. A second intervertebral lumbar disc 124
is disposed between the second lumbar vertebra 110 and the third
lumbar vertebra 112. A third intervertebral lumbar disc 126 is
disposed between the third lumbar vertebra 112 and the fourth
lumbar vertebra 114. Further, a fourth intervertebral lumbar disc
128 is disposed between the fourth lumbar vertebra 114 and the
fifth lumbar vertebra 116. Additionally, a fifth intervertebral
lumbar disc 130 is disposed between the fifth lumbar vertebra 116
and the sacrum 118.
[0035] In a particular embodiment, if one of the intervertebral
lumbar discs 122, 124, 126, 128, 130 is diseased, degenerated,
damaged, or otherwise in need of repair, treatment of that
intervertebral lumbar disc 122, 124, 126, 128, 130 can be effected
in accordance with one or more of the embodiments described
herein.
[0036] FIG. 2 depicts a detailed lateral view of two adjacent
vertebrae, e.g., two of the lumbar vertebra 108, 110, 112, 114, 116
shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 illustrates a superior vertebra 200 and an
inferior vertebra 202. As shown, each vertebra 200, 202 includes a
vertebral body 204, a superior articular process 206, a transverse
process 208, a spinous process 210 and an inferior articular
process 212. FIG. 2 further depicts an intervertebral disc 216
between the superior vertebra 200 and the inferior vertebra
202.
[0037] Referring to FIG. 3, a vertebra, e.g., the inferior vertebra
202 (FIG. 2), is illustrated. As shown, the vertebral body 204 of
the inferior vertebra 202 includes a cortical rim 302 composed of
cortical bone. Also, the vertebral body 204 includes cancellous
bone 304 within the cortical rim 302. The cortical rim 302 is often
referred to as the apophyseal rim or apophyseal ring. Further, the
cancellous bone 304 is softer than the cortical bone of the
cortical rim 302.
[0038] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the inferior vertebra 202 further
includes a first pedicle 306, a second pedicle 308, a first lamina
310, and a second lamina 312. Further, a vertebral foramen 314 is
established within the inferior vertebra 202. A spinal cord 316
passes through the vertebral foramen 314. Moreover, a first nerve
root 318 and a second nerve root 320 extend from the spinal cord
316.
[0039] It is well known in the art that the vertebrae that make up
the vertebral column have slightly different appearances as they
range from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the
vertebral column. However, all of the vertebrae, except the first
and second cervical vertebrae, have the same basic structures,
e.g., those structures described above in conjunction with FIG. 2
and FIG. 3. The first and second cervical vertebrae are
structurally different than the rest of the vertebrae in order to
support a skull.
Description of a First Embodiment of a Multi-Chamber Expandable
Interspinous Process Brace
[0040] Referring to FIG. 4 through FIG. 6, a first embodiment of a
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace is shown and is
generally designated 400. As shown, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 400 includes an interior chamber 402 and
an exterior chamber 404.
[0041] In a particular embodiment, the interior chamber 402 can be
generally elliptical. Alternatively, the interior chamber 402 can
be generally spherical, generally pyramidal, generally conical,
generally frustal, generally cubic, generally polyhedral, or a
combination thereof. The exterior chamber 404 can be provided in a
shape that can generally engage and/or stabilize at least one
spinous process, such as, for example, the spinous processes of two
adjacent vertebrae. In a particular embodiment, the exterior
chamber 404 can be generally H-shaped.
[0042] Further, in a particular embodiment, the chambers 402, 404
can be made from one or more expandable biocompatible materials.
For example, the materials can be silicones, polyurethanes,
polycarbonate urethanes, polyethylene terephthalate, silicone
copolymers, polyolefins, or any combination thereof. Also, the
chambers 402, 404 can be non-porous or micro-porous, e.g., for
venting purposes.
[0043] As shown in FIG. 4, the interior chamber 402 can include a
first injection tube 406. Further, the exterior chamber 404 can
include a second injection tube 408. The injection tubes 406, 408
can be used to provide an injectable biocompatible material to the
chambers 402, 404. In a particular embodiment, each of the interior
chamber 402 and the exterior chamber 404 of the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 400 can be expanded from a
respective deflated configuration, shown in FIG. 4, to one of a
plurality of inflated configurations, shown in FIG. 5, up to a
maximum inflated configuration. Further, after the interior chamber
402 and the exterior chamber 404 are inflated, or otherwise
expanded, the injection tubes 406, 408 can be removed, as depicted
in FIG. 6.
[0044] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 400 can include a first self-sealing
valve (not shown) within the interior chamber 402, e.g., adjacent
to the first injection tube 406. Moreover, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 400 can include a second
self-sealing valve (not shown) within the exterior chamber 404,
e.g., adjacent to the second injection tube 408. The self-sealing
valves can prevent the chambers 402, 404 from leaking material
after the chambers 402, 404 are inflated and the injection tubes
406, 408 are removed.
[0045] As illustrated in FIG. 4 through FIG. 6, the exterior
chamber 404 can include a superior spinous process pocket 410 and
an inferior spinous process pocket 412. Further, a superior spinous
process engagement structure 420 can extend from the exterior
chamber 404 within the superior spinous process pocket 410. Also,
an inferior spinous process engagement structure 422 can extend
from the exterior chamber 404 within the inferior spinous process
pocket 410. In a particular embodiment, each of the spinous process
engagement structures 420, 422 can be one or more spikes, one or
more teeth, a combination thereof, or some other structure
configured to engage a spinous process.
[0046] FIG. 4 through FIG. 6 indicate that the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 400 can be implanted between
a superior spinous process 500 and an inferior spinous process 502.
In a particular embodiment, the chambers 402, 404 can be inflated
so the exterior chamber 404 engages the spinous processes 500, 502.
In a particular embodiment, when the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 400 is properly installed and inflated
between the superior spinous process 500 and the inferior spinous
process 502, the superior spinous process pocket 410 can engage and
support the superior spinous process 500. Further, the inferior
spinous process pocket 412 can engage and support an inferior
spinous process 502.
[0047] More specifically, the superior spinous process engagement
structure 420 can extend slightly into and engage the superior
spinous process 500. Also, the inferior spinous process engagement
structure 422 can extend slightly into and engage the inferior
spinous process 502. Accordingly, the spinous process engagement
structures 420, 422, the spinous process pockets 410, 412, or a
combination thereof can substantially prevent the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 400 from migrating with
respect to the spinous processes 500, 502.
[0048] Also, in a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 400 can be movable between a
deflated configuration, shown in FIG. 4, and one or more inflated
configurations, shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. In the deflated
configuration, a distance 510 between the superior spinous process
pocket 410 and the inferior spinous process pocket 412 can be at a
minimum. However, as one or more materials are injected into the
chambers 402, 404, the distance 510 between the superior spinous
process pocket 410 and the inferior spinous process pocket 412 can
increase.
[0049] Accordingly, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 400 can be installed between a superior spinous
process 500 and an inferior spinous process 502. Further, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 400 can be
expanded, e.g., by injecting one or more materials into the
chambers 402, 404, in order to increase the distance between the
superior spinous process 500 and the inferior spinous process
502.
[0050] Alternatively, a distractor can be used to increase the
distance between the superior spinous process 500 and the inferior
spinous process 502 and the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 400 can be expanded to support the superior spinous
process 500 and the inferior spinous process 502. After the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 400 is expanded
accordingly, the distractor can be removed and the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 400 can support the superior
spinous process 500 and the inferior spinous process 502 to
substantially prevent the distance between the superior spinous
process 502 and the inferior spinous process 500 from returning to
a pre-distraction value.
[0051] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 400 can be injected with one or more
injectable biocompatible materials that remain elastic after
curing. Further, the injectable biocompatible materials can include
polymer materials that remain elastic after curing. Also, the
injectable biocompatible materials can include ceramics.
[0052] For example, the polymer materials can include
polyurethanes, polyolefins, silicones, silicone polyurethane
copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), epoxies, cyanoacrylate,
hydrogels, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin
materials can include polypropylenes, polyethylenes, halogenated
polyolefins, or flouropolyolefins.
[0053] The hydrogels can include polyacrylamide (PAAM),
poly-N-isopropylacrylamine (PNIPAM), polyvinyl methylether (PVM),
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, poly
(2-ethyl) oxazoline, polyethyleneoxide (PEO), polyethylglycol
(PEG), polyacrylacid (PAA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN),
polyvinylacrylate (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or a
combination thereof.
[0054] In a particular embodiment, the ceramics can include calcium
phosphate, hydroxyapatite, calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, or a
combination thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the injectable
biocompatible materials can include one or more fluids such as
sterile water, saline, or sterile air.
[0055] In a particular embodiment, the hardness of the material
used to inflate the interior chamber 402 can be less than or equal
to the hardness of the material used to inflate the exterior
chamber 404, i.e., after the materials used to inflate the interior
chamber 402 and the exterior chamber 404 are cured. Alternatively,
the viscosity of the material used to inflate the interior chamber
402 can be less than or equal to the viscosity of the material used
to inflate the exterior chamber 404. In a particular embodiment,
certain or all of the injected materials can be cured or
cross-linked in situ to form a solid interspinous process brace
with non-uniform bulk properties.
[0056] FIG. 6 indicates that a tether 600 can be installed around
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 400, after
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 400 is
expanded as described herein. As shown, the tether 600 can include
a proximal end 602 and a distal end 604. In a particular
embodiment, the tether 600 can circumscribe the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 400 and the spinous processes
500, 502. Further, the ends 602, 604 of the tether 600 can be
brought together and one or more fasteners can be installed
therethrough to connect the ends 602, 604. Accordingly, the tether
600 can be installed in order to prevent the distance between the
spinous processes 500, 502 from substantially increasing beyond the
distance provided by the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 400 after it is expanded and to maintain engagement
of the interspinous processes with the spinous process pockets 410,
412, the engagement structures 420, 422, or a combination
thereof.
[0057] In a particular embodiment, the tether 600 can comprise a
biocompatible elastomeric material that flexes during installation
and provides a resistance fit against the inferior process.
Further, the tether 600 can comprise a substantially non-resorbable
suture or the like.
Description of a Second Embodiment of a Multi-chamber Expandable
Interspinous Process Brace
[0058] Referring to FIG. 7 through FIG. 9, a second embodiment of a
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace is shown and is
generally designated 700. As shown, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 700 includes an interior chamber 702 and
an exterior chamber 704.
[0059] The interior chamber 702 and the exterior chamber 704 can be
provided in a shape that can generally engage and/or stabilize at
least one spinous process, such as, for example, the spinous
processes of two adjacent vertebrae. In a particular embodiment,
the interior chamber 702 can be generally H-shaped. Also, in a
particular embodiment, the exterior chamber 704 can be hollow and
generally H-shaped. More specifically, the exterior chamber 704 can
be shaped to match the outer perimeter of the interior chamber
702.
[0060] Further, in a particular embodiment, the chambers 702, 704
can be made from one or more expandable biocompatible materials.
For example, the materials can be silicones, polyurethanes,
polycarbonate urethanes, polyethylene terephthalate, silicone
copolymers, polyolefins, or any combination thereof. Also, the
chambers 702, 704 can be non-porous or micro-porous, e.g., for
venting purposes.
[0061] As shown in FIG. 7, the interior chamber 702 can include a
first injection tube 706. Further, the exterior chamber 704 can
include a second injection tube 708. The injection tubes 706, 708
can be used to provide an injectable biocompatible material to the
chambers 702, 704. In a particular embodiment, each of the interior
chamber 702 and the exterior chamber 704 of the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 700 can be expanded from a
respective deflated configuration, shown in FIG. 7, to one of a
plurality of inflated configurations, shown in FIG. 8, up to a
maximum inflated configuration. Further, after the interior chamber
702 and the exterior chamber 704 are inflated, or otherwise
expanded, the injection tubes 706, 708 can be removed, as depicted
in FIG. 9.
[0062] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 700 can include a first self-sealing
valve (not shown) within the interior chamber 702, e.g., adjacent
to the first injection tube 706. Moreover, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 700 can include a second
self-sealing valve (not shown) within the exterior chamber 704,
e.g., adjacent to the second injection tube 708. The self-sealing
valves can prevent the chambers 702, 704 from leaking material
after the chambers 702, 704 are inflated and the injection tubes
706, 708 are removed.
[0063] As illustrated in FIG. 7 through FIG. 9, the exterior
chamber 704 can include a superior spinous process pocket 710 and
an inferior spinous process pocket 712. Further, a superior spinous
process engagement structure 720 can extend from the exterior
chamber 704 within the superior spinous process pocket 710. Also,
an inferior spinous process engagement structure 722 can extend
from the exterior chamber 704 within the inferior spinous process
pocket 710. In a particular embodiment, each of the spinous process
engagement structures 720, 722 can be one or more spikes, one or
more teeth, a combination thereof, or some other structure
configured to engage a spinous process.
[0064] FIG. 7 through FIG. 9 indicate that the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 700 can be implanted between
a superior spinous process 800 and an inferior spinous process 802.
In a particular embodiment, the chambers 702, 704 can be inflated
so the exterior chamber 704 engages the spinous processes 800, 802.
In a particular embodiment, when the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 700 is properly installed and inflated
between the superior spinous process 800 and the inferior spinous
process 802, the superior spinous process pocket 710 can engage and
support the superior spinous process 800. Further, the inferior
spinous process pocket 712 can engage and support an inferior
spinous process 802.
[0065] More specifically, the superior spinous process engagement
structure 720 can extend slightly into and engage the superior
spinous process 800. Also, the inferior spinous process engagement
structure 722 can extend slightly into and engage the inferior
spinous process 802. Accordingly, the spinous process engagement
structures 720, 722, the spinous process pockets 710, 712, or a
combination thereof can substantially prevent the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 700 from migrating with
respect to the spinous processes 800, 802.
[0066] Also, in a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 700 can be movable between a
deflated configuration, shown in FIG. 7, and one or more inflated
configurations, shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. In the deflated
configuration, a distance 810 between the superior spinous process
pocket 710 and the inferior spinous process pocket 712 can be at a
minimum. However, as one or more materials are injected into the
chambers 702, 704, the distance 810 between the superior spinous
process pocket 710 and the inferior spinous process pocket 712 can
increase.
[0067] Accordingly, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 700 can be installed between a superior spinous
process 800 and an inferior spinous process 802. Further, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 700 can be
expanded, e.g., by injecting one or more materials into the
chambers 702, 704, in order to increase the distance between the
superior spinous process 800 and the inferior spinous process
802.
[0068] Alternatively, a distractor can be used to increase the
distance between the superior spinous process 800 and the inferior
spinous process 802 and the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 700 can be expanded to support the superior spinous
process 800 and the inferior spinous process 802. After the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 700 is expanded
accordingly, the distractor can be removed and the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 700 can support the superior
spinous process 800 and the inferior spinous process 802 to
substantially prevent the distance between the superior spinous
process 802 and the inferior spinous process 800 from returning to
a pre-distraction value.
[0069] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 700 can be injected with one or more
injectable biocompatible materials that remain elastic after
curing. Further, the injectable biocompatible materials can include
polymer materials that remain elastic after curing. Also, the
injectable biocompatible materials can include ceramics.
[0070] For example, the polymer materials can include
polyurethanes, polyolefins, silicones, silicone polyurethane
copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), epoxies, cyanoacrylates,
hydrogels, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin
materials can include polypropylenes, polyethylenes, halogenated
polyolefins, or flouropolyolefins.
[0071] The hydrogels can include polyacrylamide (PAAM),
poly-N-isopropylacrylamine (PNIPAM), polyvinyl methylether (PVM),
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, poly
(2-ethyl) oxazoline, polyethyleneoxide (PEO), polyethylglycol
(PEG), polyacrylacid (PAA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN),
polyvinylacrylate (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or a
combination thereof.
[0072] In a particular embodiment, the ceramics can include calcium
phosphate, hydroxyapatite, calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, or a
combination thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the injectable
biocompatible materials can include one or more fluids such as
sterile water, saline, or sterile air.
[0073] In a particular embodiment, the hardness of the material
used to inflate the interior chamber 702 can be greater than or
equal to the hardness of the material used to inflate the exterior
chamber 704, i.e., after the materials used to inflate the interior
chamber 702 and the exterior chamber 704 are cured. Alternatively,
the viscosity of the material used to inflate the interior chamber
702 can be greater than or equal to the viscosity of the material
used to inflate the exterior chamber 704. In a particular
embodiment, certain or all of the injected materials can be cured
or cross-linked in situ to form a solid interspinous process brace
with non-uniform bulk properties.
[0074] FIG. 9 indicates that a tether 900 can be installed around
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 700, after
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 700 is
expanded as described herein. As shown, the tether 900 can include
a proximal end 902 and a distal end 904. In a particular
embodiment, the tether 900 can circumscribe the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 700 and the spinous processes
800, 802. Further, the ends 902, 904 of the tether 900 can be
brought together and one or more fasteners can be installed
therethrough to connect the ends 902, 904. Accordingly, the tether
900 can be installed in order to prevent the distance between the
spinous processes 800, 802 from substantially increasing beyond the
distance provided by the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 700 after it is expanded and to maintain engagement
of the interspinous processes with the spinous process pockets 710,
712, the engagement structures 720, 722, or a combination
thereof.
[0075] In a particular embodiment, the tether 900 can comprise a
biocompatible elastomeric material that flexes during installation
and provides a resistance fit against the inferior process.
Further, the tether 900 can comprise a substantially non-resorbable
suture or the like.
Description of a Third Embodiment of a Multi-Chamber Expandable
Interspinous Process Brace
[0076] Referring to FIG. 10 through FIG. 12, a third embodiment of
a multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace is shown and
is generally designated 1000. As shown, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1000 includes a central
chamber 1002, a superior chamber 1004, and an inferior chamber
1006.
[0077] In a particular embodiment, the central chamber 1002 can be
generally horizontally elongated. Also, in a particular embodiment,
the superior chamber 1004 can be shaped similar to the top half of
a letter H and the inferior chamber 1006 can be shaped similar to
the bottom half of a letter H. Together, the central chamber 1002,
the superior chamber 1004, and the inferior chamber 1006 can be
provided in a shape that can generally engage and/or stabilize at
least one spinous process, such as, for example, the spinous
processes of two adjacent vertebrae. In a particular embodiment,
together, the chambers 1002, 1004 and 1006 can be can be generally
H-shaped.
[0078] Further, in a particular embodiment, the chambers 1002,
1004, 1006 can be made from one or more expandable biocompatible
materials. For example, the materials can be silicones,
polyurethanes, polycarbonate urethanes, polyethylene terephthalate,
silicone copolymers, polyolefins, or any combination thereof. Also,
the chambers 1002, 1004, 1006 can be non-porous or micro-porous,
e.g., for venting purposes.
[0079] As shown in FIG. 10, the central chamber 1002 can include a
first injection tube 1008. The superior chamber 1004 can include a
second injection tube 1010 and the inferior chamber 1006 can
include a third injection tube 1012. The injection tubes 1008,
1010, 1012 can be used to provide one or more injectable
biocompatible material to the chambers 1002, 1004, 1006. In a
particular embodiment, each of the central chamber 1002, the
superior chamber 1004, and the inferior chamber 1006 of the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1000 can be
expanded from a respective deflated configuration, shown in FIG.
10, to one of a plurality of inflated configurations, shown in FIG.
11 and FIG. 12, up to a maximum inflated configuration. Further,
after the chambers 1002, 1004, 1006 are inflated, or otherwise
expanded, the injection tubes 1008, 1010, 1012 can be removed, as
depicted in FIG. 12.
[0080] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 1000 can include a first self-sealing
valve (not shown) within the central chamber 1002, e.g., adjacent
to the first injection tube 1008. Moreover, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1000 can include a second
self-sealing valve (not shown) within the superior chamber 1004,
e.g., adjacent to the second injection tube 1010. The multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1000 can also include a third
self-sealing valve (not shown) within the inferior chamber 1006.
The self-sealing valves can prevent the chambers 1002, 1004, 1006
from leaking material after the chambers 1002, 1004, 1006 are
inflated and the injection tubes 1008, 1010, 1012 are removed.
[0081] As illustrated in FIG. 10 through FIG. 12, the superior
chamber 1004 can include a superior spinous process pocket 1014 and
the inferior chamber 1006 can include an inferior spinous process
pocket 1016. Further, a superior spinous process engagement
structure 1020 can extend from the superior chamber 1004 within the
superior spinous process pocket 1010. Also, an inferior spinous
process engagement structure 1022 can extend from the inferior
chamber 1004 within the inferior spinous process pocket 1010. In a
particular embodiment, each of the spinous process engagement
structures 1020, 1022 can be one or more spikes, one or more teeth,
a combination thereof, or some other structure configured to engage
a spinous process.
[0082] FIG. 10 through FIG. 12 indicate that the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1000 can be implanted between
a superior spinous process 1100 and an inferior spinous process
1102. In a particular embodiment, the chambers 1002, 1004, 1006 can
be inflated so the superior chamber 1004 engages the superior
spinous process 1100 and the inferior chamber 1006 engages the
inferior spinous process 1102. In a particular embodiment, when the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1000 is
properly installed and inflated between the superior spinous
process 1100 and the inferior spinous process 1102, the superior
spinous process pocket 1014 can engage and support the superior
spinous process 1100. Further, the inferior spinous process pocket
1016 can engage and support an inferior spinous process 1102.
[0083] More specifically, the superior spinous process engagement
structure 1020 can extend slightly into and engage the superior
spinous process 1100. Also, the inferior spinous process engagement
structure 1022 can extend slightly into and engage the inferior
spinous process 1102. Accordingly, the spinous process engagement
structures 1020, 1022, the spinous process pockets 1014, 1016, or a
combination thereof can substantially prevent the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1000 from migrating with
respect to the spinous processes 1100, 1102.
[0084] Also, in a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1000 can be movable between a
deflated configuration, shown in FIG. 10, and one or more inflated
configurations, shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12. In the deflated
configuration, a distance 1110 between the superior spinous process
pocket 1014 and the inferior spinous process pocket 1016 can be at
a minimum. However, as one or more materials are injected into the
chambers 1002, 1004, 1006 the distance 1110 between the superior
spinous process pocket 1014 and the inferior spinous process pocket
1016 can increase.
[0085] Accordingly, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1000 can be installed between a superior spinous
process 1100 and an inferior spinous process 1102. Further, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1000 can be
expanded, e.g., by injecting one or more materials into the
chambers 1002, 1004, 1006 in order to increase the distance between
the superior spinous process 1100 and the inferior spinous process
1102.
[0086] Alternatively, a distractor can be used to increase the
distance between the superior spinous process 1100 and the inferior
spinous process 1102 and the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1000 can be expanded to support the superior spinous
process 1100 and the inferior spinous process 1102. After the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1000 is
expanded accordingly, the distractor can be removed and the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1000 can
support the superior spinous process 1100 and the inferior spinous
process 1102 to substantially prevent the distance between the
superior spinous process 1102 and the inferior spinous process 1100
from returning to a pre-distraction value.
[0087] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 1000 can be injected with one or more
injectable biocompatible materials that remain elastic after
curing. Further, the injectable biocompatible materials can include
polymer materials that remain elastic after curing. Also, the
injectable biocompatible materials can include ceramics.
[0088] For example, the polymer materials can include
polyurethanes, polyolefins, silicones, silicone polyurethane
copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), epoxies, cyanoacrylates,
hydrogels, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin
materials can include polypropylenes, polyethylenes, halogenated
polyolefins, or flouropolyolefins.
[0089] The hydrogels can include polyacrylamide (PAAM),
poly-N-isopropylacrylamine (PNIPAM), polyvinyl methylether (PVM),
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, poly
(2-ethyl) oxazoline, polyethyleneoxide (PEO), polyethylglycol
(PEG), polyacrylacid (PAA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN),
polyvinylacrylate (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or a
combination thereof.
[0090] In a particular embodiment, the ceramics can include calcium
phosphate, hydroxyapatite, calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, or a
combination thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the injectable
biocompatible materials can include one or more fluids such as
sterile water, saline, or sterile air.
[0091] In a particular embodiment, the hardness of the material
used to inflate the central chamber 1002 can be less than or equal
to the hardness of the material used to inflate the superior
chamber 1004 and the inferior chamber 1006, i.e., after the
materials used to inflate the central chamber 1002, the superior
chamber 1004, and the inferior chamber 1006 are cured.
Alternatively, the viscosity of the material used to inflate the
central chamber 1002 can be less than or equal to the viscosity of
the material used to inflate the superior chamber 1004 and the
inferior chamber 1006. In a particular embodiment, certain or all
of the injected materials can be cured or cross-linked in situ to
form a solid interspinous process brace with non-uniform bulk
properties.
[0092] FIG. 12 indicates that a tether 1200 can be installed around
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1000, after
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1000 is
expanded as described herein. As shown, the tether 1200 can include
a proximal end 1202 and a distal end 1204. In a particular
embodiment, the tether 1200 can circumscribe the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1000 and the spinous
processes 1100, 1102. Further, the ends 1202, 1204 of the tether
1200 can be brought together and one or more fasteners can be
installed therethrough to connect the ends 1202, 1204. Accordingly,
the tether 1200 can be installed in order to prevent the distance
between the spinous processes 1100, 1102 from substantially
increasing beyond the distance provided by the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1000 after it is expanded and
to maintain engagement of the interspinous processes with the
spinous process pockets 1014, 1016, engagement structures 1020,
1022, or a combination thereof.
[0093] In a particular embodiment, the tether 1200 can comprise a
biocompatible elastomeric material that flexes during installation
and provides a resistance fit against the inferior process.
Further, the tether 1200 can comprise a substantially
non-resorbable suture or the like.
Description of a Fourth Embodiment of a Multi-Chamber Expandable
Interspinous Process Brace
[0094] Referring to FIG. 13 through FIG. 15, a fourth embodiment of
a multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace is shown and
is generally designated 1300. As shown, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1300 includes a central
chamber 1302, a first lateral chamber 1304, and a second lateral
chamber 1306.
[0095] In a particular embodiment, the central chamber 1302 can be
generally vertically elongated. Also, in a particular embodiment,
the first lateral chamber 1304 can be vertically elongated and can
extend along a first side of the central chamber 1302. The second
lateral chamber 1306 can also be vertically elongated and can
extend along a second side of the central chamber 1302. As shown,
the lateral chambers 1304, 1306 can extend beyond a top and bottom
of the central chamber 1302. Together, the central chamber 1302,
the first lateral chamber 1304, and the second lateral chamber 1306
can be provided in a shape that can generally engage and/or
stabilize at least one spinous process, such as, for example, the
spinous processes of two adjacent vertebrae. In a particular
embodiment, together, the chambers 1302, 1304 and 1306 can be
generally H-shaped.
[0096] Further, in a particular embodiment, the chambers 1302,
1304, 1306 can be made from one or more expandable biocompatible
materials. For example, the materials can be silicones,
polyurethanes, polycarbonate urethanes, polyethylene terephthalate,
silicone copolymers, polyolefins, or any combination thereof. Also,
the chambers 1302, 1304, 1306 can be non-porous or micro-porous,
e.g., for venting purposes.
[0097] As shown in FIG. 13, the central chamber 1302 can include a
first injection tube 1308. The first lateral chamber 1304 can
include a second injection tube 1310 and the second lateral chamber
1306 can include a third injection tube 1312. The injection tubes
1308, 1310, 1312 can be used to provide one or more injectable
biocompatible material to the chambers 1302, 1304, 1306. In a
particular embodiment, each of the central chamber 1302, the first
lateral chamber 1304, and the second lateral chamber 1306 of the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can be
expanded from a respective deflated configuration, shown in FIG.
13, to one of a plurality of inflated configurations, shown in FIG.
14 and FIG. 15, up to a maximum inflated configuration. Further,
after the chambers 1302, 1304, 1306 are inflated, or otherwise
expanded, the injection tubes 1308, 1310, 1312 can be removed, as
depicted in FIG. 15.
[0098] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 1300 can include a first self-sealing
valve (not shown) within the central chamber 1302, e.g., adjacent
to the first injection tube 1308. Moreover, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can include a second
self-sealing valve (not shown) within the first lateral chamber
1304, e.g., adjacent to the second injection tube 1310. The
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can also
include a third self-sealing valve (not shown) within the second
lateral chamber 1306. The self-sealing valves can prevent the
chambers 1302, 1304, 1306 from leaking material after the chambers
1302, 1304, 1306 are inflated and the injection tubes 1308, 1310,
1312 are removed.
[0099] As illustrated in FIG. 13 through FIG. 15, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can include a superior
spinous process pocket 1314 that is formed by a top portion of the
central chamber 1302, a top portion of the first lateral chamber
1304, and a top portion of the second lateral chamber 1306. The
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can also
include an inferior spinous process pocket 1316 that can be formed
by a bottom portion of the central chamber 1302, a bottom portion
of the first lateral chamber 1304, and a bottom portion of the
second lateral chamber 1306.
[0100] Further, a superior spinous process engagement structure
1320 can extend from the central chamber 1304 within the superior
spinous process pocket 1310. Also, an inferior spinous process
engagement structure 1322 can extend from the central chamber 1304
within the inferior spinous process pocket 1310. In a particular
embodiment, each of the spinous process engagement structures 1320,
1322 can be one or more spikes, one or more teeth, a combination
thereof, or some other structure configured to engage a spinous
process.
[0101] FIG. 13 through FIG. 15 indicate that the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can be implanted between
a superior spinous process 1400 and an inferior spinous process
1402. In a particular embodiment, the chambers 1302, 1304, 1306 can
be inflated so the superior spinous process pocket 1314 can engage
and support the superior spinous process 1400 and so the inferior
spinous process pocket 1316 can engage and support an inferior
spinous process 1402.
[0102] More specifically, the superior spinous process engagement
structure 1320 can extend slightly into and engage the superior
spinous process 1400. Also, the inferior spinous process engagement
structure 1322 can extend slightly into and engage the inferior
spinous process 1402. Accordingly, the spinous process engagement
structures 1320, 1322, the spinous process pockets 1314, 1316, or a
combination thereof can substantially prevent the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1300 from migrating with
respect to the spinous processes 1400, 1402.
[0103] Also, in a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can be movable between a
deflated configuration, shown in FIG. 13, and one or more inflated
configurations, shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15. In the deflated
configuration, a distance 1410 between the superior spinous process
pocket 1314 and the inferior spinous process pocket 1316 can be at
a minimum. However, as one or more materials are injected into the
chambers 1302, 1304, 1306 the distance 1410 between the superior
spinous process pocket 1314 and the inferior spinous process pocket
1316 can increase.
[0104] Accordingly, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1300 can be installed between a superior spinous
process 1400 and an inferior spinous process 1402. Further, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can be
expanded, e.g., by injecting one or more materials into the
chambers 1302, 1304, 1306 in order to increase the distance between
the superior spinous process 1400 and the inferior spinous process
1402.
[0105] Alternatively, a distractor can be used to increase the
distance between the superior spinous process 1400 and the inferior
spinous process 1402 and the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1300 can be expanded to support the superior spinous
process 1400 and the inferior spinous process 1402. After the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1300 is
expanded accordingly, the distractor can be removed and the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1300 can
support the superior spinous process 1400 and the inferior spinous
process 1402 to substantially prevent the distance between the
superior spinous process 1402 and the inferior spinous process 1400
from returning to a pre-distraction value.
[0106] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 1300 can be injected with one or more
injectable biocompatible materials that remain elastic after
curing. Further, the injectable biocompatible materials can include
polymer materials that remain elastic after curing. Also, the
injectable biocompatible materials can include ceramics.
[0107] For example, the polymer materials can include
polyurethanes, polyolefins, silicones, silicone polyurethane
copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), epoxies, cyanoacrylates,
hydrogels, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin
materials can include polypropylenes, polyethylenes, halogenated
polyolefins, or flouropolyolefins.
[0108] The hydrogels can include polyacrylamide (PAAM),
poly-N-isopropylacrylamine (PNIPAM), polyvinyl methylether (PVM),
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, poly
(2-ethyl) oxazoline, polyethyleneoxide (PEO), polyethylglycol
(PEG), polyacrylacid (PAA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN),
polyvinylacrylate (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or a
combination thereof.
[0109] In a particular embodiment, the ceramics can include calcium
phosphate, hydroxyapatite, calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, or a
combination thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the injectable
biocompatible materials can include one or more fluids such as
sterile water, saline, or sterile air.
[0110] In a particular embodiment, the hardness of the material
used to inflate the central chamber 1302 can be less than or equal
to the hardness of the material used to inflate the first lateral
chamber 1304 and the second lateral chamber 1306, i.e., after the
materials used to inflate the central chamber 1302, the first
lateral chamber 1304, and the second lateral chamber 1306 are
cured. Alternatively, the viscosity of the material used to inflate
the central chamber 1302 can be less than or equal to the viscosity
of the material used to inflate the first lateral chamber 1304 and
the second lateral chamber 1306. In a particular embodiment,
certain or all of the injected materials can be cured or
cross-linked in situ to form a solid interspinous process brace
with non-uniform bulk properties.
[0111] FIG. 15 indicates that a tether 1500 can be installed around
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1300, after
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1300 is
expanded as described herein. As shown, the tether 1500 can include
a proximal end 1502 and a distal end 1504. In a particular
embodiment, the tether 1500 can circumscribe the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1300 and the spinous
processes 1400, 1402. Further, the ends 1502, 1504 of the tether
1500 can be brought together and one or more fasteners can be
installed therethrough to connect the ends 1502, 1504. Accordingly,
the tether 1500 can be installed in order to prevent the distance
between the spinous processes 1400, 1402 from substantially
increasing beyond the distance provided by the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1300 after it is expanded and
to maintain engagement of the interspinous processes with the
spinous process pockets 1314, 1316, engagement structures 1320,
1322, or a combination thereof.
[0112] In a particular embodiment, the tether 1500 can comprise a
biocompatible elastomeric material that flexes during installation
and provides a resistance fit against the inferior process.
Further, the tether 1500 can comprise a substantially
non-resorbable suture or the like.
Description of a Fifth Embodiment of a Multi-Chamber Expandable
Interspinous Process Brace
[0113] Referring to FIG. 16 through FIG. 18, a fifth embodiment of
a multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace is shown and
is generally designated 1600. As shown, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1600 includes a central
chamber 1602, a first lateral chamber 1604, and a second lateral
chamber 1606.
[0114] In a particular embodiment, the central chamber 1602 can be
generally vertically elongated. Also, in a particular embodiment,
the first lateral chamber 1604 can be vertically elongated and can
extend along a first side of the central chamber 1602. The second
lateral chamber 1606 can also be vertically elongated and can
extend along a second side of the central chamber 1602. Together,
the central chamber 1602, the first lateral chamber 1604, and the
second lateral chamber 1606 can be provided in a shape that can
generally engage and/or stabilize at least one spinous process,
such as, for example, the spinous processes of two adjacent
vertebrae. In a particular embodiment, together, the chambers 1602,
1604 and 1606 can be generally H-shaped.
[0115] Further, in a particular embodiment, the chambers 1602,
1604, 1606 can be made from one or more expandable biocompatible
materials. For example, the materials can be silicones,
polyurethanes, polycarbonate urethanes, polyethylene terephthalate,
silicone copolymers, polyolefins, or any combination thereof. Also,
the chambers 1602, 1604, 1606 can be non-porous or micro-porous,
e.g., for venting purposes.
[0116] As shown in FIG. 16, the central chamber 1602 can include a
first injection tube 1608. The first lateral chamber 1604 can
include a second injection tube 1610 and the second lateral chamber
1606 can include a third injection tube 1612. The injection tubes
1608, 1610, 1612 can be used to provide one or more injectable
biocompatible material to the chambers 1602, 1604, 1606. In a
particular embodiment, each of the central chamber 1602, the first
lateral chamber 1604, and the second lateral chamber 1606 of the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1600 can be
expanded from a respective deflated configuration, shown in FIG.
16, to one of a plurality of inflated configurations, shown in FIG.
17 and FIG. 18, up to a maximum inflated configuration. Further,
after the chambers 1602, 1604, 1606 are inflated, or otherwise
expanded, the injection tubes 1608, 1610, 1612 can be removed, as
depicted in FIG. 18.
[0117] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 1600 can include a first self-sealing
valve (not shown) within the central chamber 1602, e.g., adjacent
to the first injection tube 1608. Moreover, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1600 can include a second
self-sealing valve (not shown) within the first lateral chamber
1604, e.g., adjacent to the second injection tube 1610. The
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1600 can also
include a third self-sealing valve (not shown) within the second
lateral chamber 1606. The self-sealing valves can prevent the
chambers 1602, 1604, 1606 from leaking material after the chambers
1602, 1604, 1606 are inflated and the injection tubes 1608, 1610,
1612 are removed.
[0118] As illustrated in FIG. 16 through FIG. 18, central chamber
1602 of the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace
1600 can include a superior spinous process pocket 1614. The
central chamber 1602 of the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1600 can also include an inferior spinous process
pocket 1616. Further, a superior spinous process engagement
structure 1620 can extend from the central chamber 1604 within the
superior spinous process pocket 1610. Also, an inferior spinous
process engagement structure 1622 can extend from the central
chamber 1604 within the inferior spinous process pocket 1610. In a
particular embodiment, each of the spinous process engagement
structures 1620, 1622 can be one or more spikes, one or more teeth,
a combination thereof, or some other structure configured to engage
a spinous process.
[0119] FIG. 16 through FIG. 18 indicate that the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1600 can be implanted between
a superior spinous process 1700 and an inferior spinous process
1702. In a particular embodiment, the chambers 1602, 1604, 1606 can
be inflated so the superior spinous process pocket 1614 can engage
and support the superior spinous process 1700 and so the inferior
spinous process pocket 1616 can engage and support an inferior
spinous process 1702.
[0120] More specifically, the superior spinous process engagement
structure 1620 can extend slightly into and engage the superior
spinous process 1700. Also, the inferior spinous process engagement
structure 1622 can extend slightly into and engage the inferior
spinous process 1702. Accordingly, the spinous process engagement
structures 1620, 1622, the spinous process pockets 1614, 1616, or a
combination thereof can substantially prevent the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1600 from migrating with
respect to the spinous processes 1700, 1702.
[0121] Also, in a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1600 can be movable between a
deflated configuration, shown in FIG. 16, and one or more inflated
configurations, shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18. In the deflated
configuration, a distance 1710 between the superior spinous process
pocket 1614 and the inferior spinous process pocket 1616 can be at
a minimum. However, as one or more materials are injected into the
chambers 1602, 1604, 1606 the distance 1710 between the superior
spinous process pocket 1614 and the inferior spinous process pocket
1616 can increase.
[0122] Accordingly, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1600 can be installed between a superior spinous
process 1700 and an inferior spinous process 1702. Further, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1600 can be
expanded, e.g., by injecting one or more materials into the
chambers 1602, 1604, 1606 in order to increase the distance between
the superior spinous process 1700 and the inferior spinous process
1702.
[0123] Alternatively, a distractor can be used to increase the
distance between the superior spinous process 1700 and the inferior
spinous process 1702 and the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1600 can be expanded to support the superior spinous
process 1700 and the inferior spinous process 1702. After the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1600 is
expanded accordingly, the distractor can be removed and the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1600 can
support the superior spinous process 1700 and the inferior spinous
process 1702 to substantially prevent the distance between the
superior spinous process 1702 and the inferior spinous process 1700
from returning to a pre-distraction value.
[0124] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 1600 can be injected with one or more
injectable biocompatible materials that remain elastic after
curing. Further, the injectable biocompatible materials can include
polymer materials that remain elastic after curing. Also, the
injectable biocompatible materials can include ceramics.
[0125] For example, the polymer materials can include
polyurethanes, polyolefins, silicones, silicone polyurethane
copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), epoxies, cyanoacrylates,
hydrogels, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin
materials can include polypropylenes, polyethylenes, halogenated
polyolefins, or flouropolyolefins.
[0126] The hydrogels can include polyacrylamide (PAAM),
poly-N-isopropylacrylamine (PNIPAM), polyvinyl methylether (PVM),
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, poly
(2-ethyl) oxazoline, polyethyleneoxide (PEO), polyethylglycol
(PEG), polyacrylacid (PAA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN),
polyvinylacrylate (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or a
combination thereof.
[0127] In a particular embodiment, the ceramics can include calcium
phosphate, hydroxyapatite, calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, or a
combination thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the injectable
biocompatible materials can include one or more fluids such as
sterile water, saline, or sterile air.
[0128] In a particular embodiment, the hardness of the material
used to inflate the central chamber 1602 can be less than or equal
to the hardness of the material used to inflate the first lateral
chamber 1604 and the second lateral chamber 1606, i.e., after the
materials used to inflate the central chamber 1602, the first
lateral chamber 1604, and the second lateral chamber 1606 are
cured. Alternatively, the viscosity of the material used to inflate
the central chamber 1602 can be less than or equal to the viscosity
of the material used to inflate the first lateral chamber 1604 and
the second lateral chamber 1606. In a particular embodiment,
certain or all of the injected materials can be cured or
cross-linked in situ to form a solid interspinous process brace
with non-uniform bulk properties.
[0129] FIG. 18 indicates that a tether 1800 can be installed around
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1600, after
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1600 is
expanded as described herein. As shown, the tether 1800 can include
a proximal end 1802 and a distal end 1804. In a particular
embodiment, the tether 1800 can circumscribe the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1600 and the spinous
processes 1700, 1702. Further, the ends 1802, 1804 of the tether
1800 can be brought together and one or more fasteners can be
installed therethrough to connect the ends 1802, 1804. Accordingly,
the tether 1800 can be installed in order to prevent the distance
between the spinous processes 1700, 1702 from substantially
increasing beyond the distance provided by the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1600 after it is expanded and
to maintain engagement of the interspinous processes with the
spinous process pockets 1614, 1616, engagement structures 1620,
1622, or a combination thereof.
[0130] In a particular embodiment, the tether 1800 can comprise a
biocompatible elastomeric material that flexes during installation
and provides a resistance fit against the inferior process.
Further, the tether 1800 can comprise a substantially
non-resorbable suture or the like.
Description of a Sixth Embodiment of a Multi-Chamber Expandable
Interspinous Process Brace
[0131] Referring to FIG. 19 through FIG. 21, a sixth embodiment of
a multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace is shown and
is generally designated 1900. As shown, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1900 includes an exterior
chamber 1902, a first interior chamber 1904, and a second interior
chamber 1906.
[0132] In a particular embodiment, the exterior chamber 1902 can be
provided in a shape that can generally engage and/or stabilize at
least one spinous process, such as, for example, the spinous
processes of two adjacent vertebrae. In a particular embodiment,
the exterior chamber 1902 can be generally H-shaped. Also, in a
particular embodiment, the first interior chamber 1904 can be
vertically elongated and can be disposed within a first side of the
exterior chamber 1902. The second interior chamber 1906 can also be
vertically elongated and can be disposed within a second side of
the exterior chamber 1902.
[0133] Further, in a particular embodiment, the chambers 1902,
1904, 1906 can be made from one or more expandable biocompatible
materials. For example, the materials can be silicones,
polyurethanes, polycarbonate urethanes, polyethylene terephthalate,
silicone copolymers, polyolefins, or any combination thereof. Also,
the chambers 1902, 1904, 1906 can be non-porous or micro-porous,
e.g., for venting purposes.
[0134] As shown in FIG. 19, the exterior chamber 1902 can include a
first injection tube 1908. The first interior chamber 1904 can
include a second injection tube 1910 and the second interior
chamber 1906 can include a third injection tube 1912. The injection
tubes 1908, 1910, 1912 can be used to provide one or more
injectable biocompatible material to the chambers 1902, 1904, 1906.
In a particular embodiment, each of the exterior chamber 1902, the
first interior chamber 1904, and the second interior chamber 1906
of the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1900 can
be expanded from a respective deflated configuration, shown in FIG.
19, to one of a plurality of inflated configurations, shown in FIG.
20 and FIG. 21, up to a maximum inflated configuration. Further,
after the chambers 1902, 1904, 1906 are inflated, or otherwise
expanded, the injection tubes 1908, 1910, 1912 can be removed, as
depicted in FIG. 21.
[0135] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 1900 can include a first self-sealing
valve (not shown) within the exterior chamber 1902, e.g., adjacent
to the first injection tube 1908. Moreover, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1900 can include a second
self-sealing valve (not shown) within the first interior chamber
1904, e.g., adjacent to the second injection tube 1910. The
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1900 can also
include a third self-sealing valve (not shown) within the second
interior chamber 1906. The self-sealing valves can prevent the
chambers 1902, 1904, 1906 from leaking material after the chambers
1902, 1904, 1906 are inflated and the injection tubes 1908, 1910,
1912 are removed.
[0136] As illustrated in FIG. 19 through FIG. 21, exterior chamber
1902 of the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace
1900 can include a superior spinous process pocket 1914. The
exterior chamber 1902 of the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1900 can also include an inferior spinous process
pocket 1916. Further, a superior spinous process engagement
structure 1920 can extend from the exterior chamber 1904 within the
superior spinous process pocket 1910. Also, an inferior spinous
process engagement structure 1922 can extend from the exterior
chamber 1904 within the inferior spinous process pocket 1910. In a
particular embodiment, each of the spinous process engagement
structures 1920, 1922 can be one or more spikes, one or more teeth,
a combination thereof, or some other structure configured to engage
a spinous process.
[0137] FIG. 19 through FIG. 21 indicate that the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1900 can be implanted between
a superior spinous process 2000 and an inferior spinous process
2002. In a particular embodiment, the chambers 1902, 1904, 1906 can
be inflated so the superior spinous process pocket 1914 can engage
and support the superior spinous process 2000 and so the inferior
spinous process pocket 1916 can engage and support an inferior
spinous process 2002.
[0138] More specifically, the superior spinous process engagement
structure 1920 can extend slightly into and engage the superior
spinous process 2000. Also, the inferior spinous process engagement
structure 1922 can extend slightly into and engage the inferior
spinous process 2002. Accordingly, the spinous process engagement
structures 1920, 1922, the spinous process pockets 1914, 1916, or a
combination thereof can substantially prevent the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1900 from migrating with
respect to the spinous processes 2000, 2002.
[0139] Also, in a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1900 can be movable between a
deflated configuration, shown in FIG. 19, and one or more inflated
configurations, shown in FIG. 20 and FIG. 21. In the deflated
configuration, a distance 2010 between the superior spinous process
pocket 1914 and the inferior spinous process pocket 1916 can be at
a minimum. However, as one or more materials are injected into the
chambers 1902, 1904, 1906 the distance 2010 between the superior
spinous process pocket 1914 and the inferior spinous process pocket
1916 can increase.
[0140] Accordingly, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1900 can be installed between a superior spinous
process 2000 and an inferior spinous process 2002. Further, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1900 can be
expanded, e.g., by injecting one or more materials into the
chambers 1902, 1904, 1906 in order to increase the distance between
the superior spinous process 2000 and the inferior spinous process
2002.
[0141] Alternatively, a distractor can be used to increase the
distance between the superior spinous process 2000 and the inferior
spinous process 2002 and the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace 1900 can be expanded to support the superior spinous
process 2000 and the inferior spinous process 2002. After the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1900 is
expanded accordingly, the distractor can be removed and the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1900 can
support the superior spinous process 2000 and the inferior spinous
process 2002 to substantially prevent the distance between the
superior spinous process 2002 and the inferior spinous process 2000
from returning to a pre-distraction value.
[0142] In a particular embodiment, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace 1900 can be injected with one or more
injectable biocompatible materials that remain elastic after
curing. Further, the injectable biocompatible materials can include
polymer materials that remain elastic after curing. Also, the
injectable biocompatible materials can include ceramics.
[0143] For example, the polymer materials can include
polyurethanes, polyolefins, silicones, silicone polyurethane
copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), epoxies, cyanoacrylates,
hydrogels, or a combination thereof. Further, the polyolefin
materials can include polypropylenes, polyethylenes, halogenated
polyolefins, or flouropolyolefins.
[0144] The hydrogels can include polyacrylamide (PAAM),
poly-N-isopropylacrylamine (PNIPAM), polyvinyl methylether (PVM),
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, poly
(2-ethyl) oxazoline, polyethyleneoxide (PEO), polyethylglycol
(PEG), polyacrylacid (PAA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN),
polyvinylacrylate (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or a
combination thereof.
[0145] In a particular embodiment, the ceramics can include calcium
phosphate, hydroxyapatite, calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, or a
combination thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the injectable
biocompatible materials can include one or more fluids such as
sterile water, saline, or sterile air.
[0146] In a particular embodiment, the hardness of the material
used to inflate the exterior chamber 1902 can be less than or equal
to the hardness of the material used to inflate the first interior
chamber 1904 and the second interior chamber 1906, i.e., after the
materials used to inflate the exterior chamber 1902, the first
interior chamber 1904, and the second interior chamber 1906 are
cured. Alternatively, the viscosity of the material used to inflate
the exterior chamber 1902 can be less than or equal to the
viscosity of the material used to inflate the first interior
chamber 1904 and the second interior chamber 1906. In a particular
embodiment, certain or all of the injected materials can be cured
or cross-linked in situ to form a solid interspinous process brace
with non-uniform bulk properties.
[0147] FIG. 21 indicates that a tether 2100 can be installed around
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1900, after
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace 1900 is
expanded as described herein. As shown, the tether 2100 can include
a proximal end 2102 and a distal end 2104. In a particular
embodiment, the tether 2100 can circumscribe the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1900 and the spinous
processes 2000, 2002. Further, the ends 2102, 2104 of the tether
2100 can be brought together and one or more fasteners can be
installed therethrough to connect the ends 2102, 2104. Accordingly,
the tether 2100 can be installed in order to prevent the distance
between the spinous processes 2000, 2002 from substantially
increasing beyond the distance provided by the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace 1900 after it is expanded and
to maintain engagement of the interspinous processes with the
spinous process pockets 1914, 1916, engagement structures 1920,
1922, or a combination thereof.
[0148] In a particular embodiment, the tether 2100 can comprise a
biocompatible elastomeric material that flexes during installation
and provides a resistance fit against the inferior process.
Further, the tether 2100 can comprise a substantially
non-resorbable suture or the like.
Description of a Method of Treating a Spine
[0149] Referring to FIG. 22, a method of treating a spine is shown
and commences at block 2200. At block 2200, a patient can be
secured on an operating table. Depending on the surgical approach
to be used, the patient can be secured in a prone position for a
posterior approach, a supine position for an anterior approach, a
lateral decubitus position for a lateral approach, or another
position well known in the art. At block 2202, the spine can be
exposed in order to expose adjacent spinous processes. Further, at
block 2204, a surgical retractor system can be installed to keep a
surgical field open.
[0150] Moving to block 2206, a superior vertebra and inferior
vertebra can be distracted. In a particular embodiment, the
superior vertebra and inferior vertebra can be distracted using a
distractor. At block 2208, a distance between the adjacent spinous
processes can be measured. Thereafter, at block 2210 it is
determined whether the distraction is correct, e.g., has the
superior vertebra and inferior vertebral been distracted such that
a distance between the adjacent spinous processes has reached a
value that a surgeon has deemed therapeutic. For example, the
superior vertebra and inferior vertebra can be distracted in order
to reduce impingement on a nerve root.
[0151] If the distraction is not correct, the method can return to
block 2206 and the superior vertebra and inferior vertebra can be
further distracted. Conversely, if the distraction is correct, the
method can move to block 2212 and a multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace can be installed between a superior
spinous process and an inferior spinous process. Thereafter, at
block 2214, each chamber within the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace can be inflated.
[0152] Moving to block 2216, each chamber within the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace can be sealed. In a
particular embodiment, each chamber within the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace can be sealed by curing the
material within the each chamber of the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace. Alternatively, a plug, a dowel, or
another similar device can be used to seal each chamber within the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace. Further, a
one-way valve can be incorporated into each chamber of the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace and can allow
material to be injected into each chamber of the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace, but prevent the same
material from being expelled from each chamber of the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace.
[0153] At block 2218, each injection tube can be removed from the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace. Moreover, at
block 2220, the material within one or more chambers of the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace can be cured.
In a particular embodiment, the material within the multi-chamber
expandable interspinous process brace can cure naturally, i.e.,
under ambient conditions, in situ. Alternatively, the material
within one or more of the multi-chamber expandable interspinous
process brace can be cured or crosslinked in situ using an energy
source. For example, the energy source can be a light source that
emits visible light, infrared (IR) light, or ultra-violet (UV)
light. Further, the energy source can be a heating device, a
radiation device, or other mechanical device. Alternatively or in
addition, the material in one or more of the chambers can be
crosslinked by introducing a chemical crosslinking agent into the
chamber before removing the injection tube from the chamber.
[0154] Proceeding to block 2222, a tether can be installed around
the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace. The tether
can be installed in order to prevent a distance between the
superior spinous process and the inferior spinous process from
increasing substantially beyond the distance provided by the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace. At block 2224,
the surgical area can be irrigated. At block 2226, the distractor
can be removed. Also, at block 2228, the retractor system can be
removed. Further, at block 2230, the surgical wound can be closed.
The surgical wound can be closed by simply allowing the patient's
skin to close due to the elasticity of the skin. Alternatively, the
surgical wound can be closed using sutures, surgical staples, or
any other suitable surgical technique well known in the art. At
block 2232, postoperative care can be initiated. The method can end
at state 2232.
CONCLUSION
[0155] With the configuration of structure described above, the
multi-chamber expandable interspinous process brace provides a
device that can be used to treat a spine and substantially
alleviate or minimize one or more symptoms associated with disc
degeneration, facet joint degeneration, or a combination thereof.
For example, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process
brace can be installed between adjacent spinous processes in order
to support the spinous processes and maintain them at or near a
predetermined distance therebetween.
[0156] As described above, the multi-chamber expandable
interspinous process brace can include two or three chambers.
Alternatively, the multi-chamber expandable interspinous process
brace can include four chambers, five chambers, six chambers, seven
chambers, eight chambers, nine chambers, ten chambers, etc. Also,
the chambers can be separate chambers, as described above, or the
chambers can be interconnected to allow material to flow
therebetween. The chambers can be inflated sequentially or
simultaneously.
[0157] The above-disclosed subject matter is to be considered
illustrative, and not restrictive, and the appended claims are
intended to cover all such modifications, enhancements, and other
embodiments that fall within the true spirit and scope of the
present invention. Thus, to the maximum extent allowed by law, the
scope of the present invention is to be determined by the broadest
permissible interpretation of the following claims and their
equivalents, and shall not be restricted or limited by the
foregoing detailed description.
* * * * *