U.S. patent application number 11/681151 was filed with the patent office on 2007-09-27 for training apparatus.
This patent application is currently assigned to Konami Sports & Life Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Amika Harada, Takeaki Hayashino, Mayu Matsubara, Takeshi Tsuji, Yuki Yonai.
Application Number | 20070224582 11/681151 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38533905 |
Filed Date | 2007-09-27 |
United States Patent
Application |
20070224582 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Hayashino; Takeaki ; et
al. |
September 27, 2007 |
TRAINING APPARATUS
Abstract
The present invention discloses a training apparatus that will
correct the movement of a trainee, and maintain the movement of the
trainee in a way that provides a strong exercise effect. The
position of a moving unit, which is moved by the trainee, is
detected, and this detected position is compared with a reference
position of the moving unit. If the difference between a reference
position and the detected position exceeds a permissible range,
then it is determined to be a deviation, which is reported to the
trainee by, for example, a voice message, an image, or a character
message. For example, voice data or character data is generated in
order to output a message such as "work harder," "too fast," or
"too slow." Image data that indicates the deviation between the
reference position and the detected position may also be
generated.
Inventors: |
Hayashino; Takeaki; (Tokyo,
JP) ; Matsubara; Mayu; (Tokyo, JP) ; Tsuji;
Takeshi; (Tokyo, JP) ; Yonai; Yuki; (Tokyo,
JP) ; Harada; Amika; (Tokyo, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
GLOBAL IP COUNSELORS, LLP
1233 20TH STREET, NW, SUITE 700
WASHINGTON
DC
20036-2680
US
|
Assignee: |
Konami Sports & Life Co.,
Ltd.
Tokyo
JP
|
Family ID: |
38533905 |
Appl. No.: |
11/681151 |
Filed: |
March 1, 2007 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
434/247 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 2071/063 20130101;
A63B 2220/16 20130101; A63B 23/0244 20130101; A63B 21/0058
20130101; A63B 23/0211 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
434/247 |
International
Class: |
A63B 69/00 20060101
A63B069/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Mar 7, 2006 |
JP |
2006-061836 |
Claims
1. A training apparatus for exercise in which an electrical load
generator applies a load to a moving unit that is capable of
repetitive motion, the training apparatus comprising: a reference
signal generating unit that generates a prescribed reference
signal; an indicating unit that calculates the position of the
moving unit, which performs repetitive motion, based on the
reference signal from the reference signal generating unit, and
generates indication data that indicates the calculated reference
position; a position detecting unit that detects the position of
the moving unit during the repetitive motion; a relative position
monitoring unit that monitors the relative positional relationship
between the reference position of the moving unit, which was
calculated by the reference signal generating unit, and a detected
position, which is the position of the moving unit detected by the
position detecting unit, and detects a prescribed deviation between
the reference position and the detected position of the moving
unit; and a reporting unit that, if the relative position
monitoring unit detects the prescribed deviation, reports the
deviation based on that detected deviation.
2. A training apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the load
generator is a motor; the reference signal generating unit outputs
the reference signal based on the rotational angle and/or the
rotational speed of the motor; and the relative position monitoring
unit monitors the relative positional relationship between the
reference position and the detected position of the moving unit by
comparing the reference signal with the motor rotational angle
and/or rotational speed that correspond to the detected position of
the moving unit.
3. A training apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the relative
position monitoring unit determines whether the detected position
of the moving unit is ahead of or behind the reference position of
the moving unit; and the reporting unit reports the determination
result by unit of the relative position monitoring unit.
4. A training apparatus as recited in claim 3, wherein the relative
position monitoring unit detects a deviation between the detected
position and the reference position at the end point of the forward
path and/or the return path of the moving unit; and the reporting
unit indicates and reports a motion to the exerciser that will
eliminate the deviation between the detected position and the
reference position of the moving unit.
5. A training apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the relative
position monitoring unit further monitors a time interval wherein a
deviation does not occur; and if the time interval wherein a
deviation that is being monitored by the relative position
monitoring unit does not occur exceeds the prescribed time, then
the reporting unit reports that the exercise is proper.
6. A training apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
a deviation counting unit that counts the number of times the
deviation detected by the relative position monitoring unit occurs;
wherein, the reporting unit issues the deviation report when the
number of deviations counted by the deviation counting unit reaches
or exceeds the prescribed count.
7. A training apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
a deviation counting unit that counts the number of times that the
deviation detected by the relative position monitoring unit occurs;
wherein, the reference signal generating unit partitions the rep
amplitude of the repetitive motion and creates a plurality of
sections; the relative position monitoring unit determines whether
the deviation has occurred at the point in time when having passed
through the first section based on the reference signal; and the
reporting unit issues the deviation report when the deviations,
which are counted by the deviation counting unit, reach or exceed
the prescribed count.
8. A training apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
an image displaying unit that displays an image based on the
indication data generated by the indicating unit; wherein, after a
deviation between the reference position and the detected position
of the moving unit has occurred, the relative position monitoring
unit detects that the deviation has been eliminated; and if the
relative position monitoring unit has detected the deviation, then
the indicating unit generates indication data, which indicates that
the moving unit is stopped, and, subsequently, when the relative
position monitoring unit has detected that the deviation has been
eliminated, generates indication data that indicates the position
of the moving unit, which resumes repetitive motion starting from
the stopped position.
9. A training apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
an image displaying unit that displays an image based on indication
data generated by the indicating unit; wherein, if the detected
position of the moving unit still has not reached the end point at
the point in time when the reference position of the moving unit
has reached the end point of the forward path or the return path of
the repetitive motion, then the relative position monitoring unit
detects that the detected position of the moving unit has reached
the respective end point; and the indicating unit generates
indication data that indicates that the moving unit is stopped
until the detected position of the moving unit coincides with the
end point.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to Japanese Patent
Application No. 2006-061836. The entire disclosure of Japanese
Patent Application No. 2006-061836 is hereby incorporated herein by
reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention relates to a training machine that is
used by an individual to perform exercises in order to improve
physical strength.
[0004] 2. Background Information
[0005] A variety of training machines have been proposed in the
past that enable an individual to exercise with an appropriate
load. Among these various training machines, there are machines
with which a trainee performs repetitive exercise while a load is
applied to certain muscles in order to work those muscles that he
or she has targeted. For example, Japanese Examined Utility Model
Application No. S61-22609 proposes an apparatus for the purpose of
training by performing repetitive exercise. The training apparatus
programmatically controls the load by using a torque motor as the
load. This apparatus detects the position of a lever that is
operated by a trainee as well as the load that acts upon the lever,
and controls the output of the torque motor. Below are examples of
output control methods.
[0006] (a) The output of the torque motor is controlled so that the
position of the lever is always fixed.
[0007] (b) The output of the torque motor is always fixed.
[0008] (c) The output of the torque motor is controlled in
accordance with the position of the lever.
[0009] (d) The time and the position of the lever are associated,
and the torque output is controlled in accordance with the position
of the lever, i.e., the time.
[0010] Thus, Japanese Examined Utility Model Application No.
S61-22609 discloses that it is possible to easily adjust the load
and to programmatically control the load to conform to arbitrary
characteristics because the load is controlled by the torque motor
and not by weight.
[0011] When a trainee actually uses a training machine to perform
repetitive exercise while a load is applied, if he or she becomes
fatigued midway, then there is a tendency, for example, for the
tempo of the repetitive exercise to slow down or for the amplitude
of the repetitions to decrease. In addition, it is often the case
that the tempo of the repetitive exercise is too fast when the
trainee is in a state wherein he or she has just begun to exercise
and has ample physical strength. If the trainee continues to
exercise in such an inappropriate state, then the trainee will be
unable to effectively stimulate the muscles that he or she is
trying to work, and it will be difficult to achieve the effects of
the exercise.
[0012] The method recited in the abovementioned Japanese Examined
Utility Model Application No. S61-22609 aims to have exercise
performed properly by controlling the output of the torque motor to
programmatically control the load in accordance with arbitrary
characteristics, but does not go so far as to make the rhythm or
the amplitude of the repetitive exercise proper. Consequently, even
if the trainee performs an operation with good form in accordance
with the movement of a moving unit of the training apparatus, there
are cases wherein the trainee is substantially not performing the
originally targeted training operation adequately and, as a result,
there is a possibility that the effects of the exercise,
hereinbelow referred to as the exercise effects, intrinsically
provided by the training apparatus will not be achieved, even
though the method goes to the trouble of controlling the load.
Thus, a training machine has yet to be proposed that monitors the
trainee's operation itself and advises the trainee so that he or
she can sufficiently achieve the training effect originally
expected with the use of the training apparatus.
[0013] In view of the above, it will be apparent to those skilled
in the art from this disclosure that there exists a need for an
improved training machine that monitors the trainee's movement
itself and guides the trainee so that he or she can maintain
movement that provides powerful exercise effects. This invention
addresses this need in the art as well as other needs, which will
become apparent to those skilled in the art from this
disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0014] To solve the abovementioned problems, a first aspect of the
invention provides a training apparatus, wherein an electrical load
generator applies a load to a moving unit that is capable of
repetitive motion, that is provided for exercise. This apparatus
comprises the following units:
[0015] a reference signal generating unit that generates a
prescribed reference signal;
[0016] an indicating unit that calculates the position of the
moving unit, which performs repetitive motion, based on the
reference signal from the reference signal generating unit, and
generates indication data that indicates the calculated reference
position;
[0017] a position detecting unit that detects the position of the
moving unit during the repetitive motion;
[0018] a relative position monitoring unit that monitors the
relative positional relationship between the reference position of
the moving unit, which was calculated by the reference signal
generating unit, and a detected position, which is the position of
the moving unit detected by the position detecting unit, and
detects a prescribed deviation between the reference position and
the detected position of the moving unit; and
[0019] a reporting unit that, if the relative position monitoring
unit detects the prescribed deviation, reports the deviation based
on that detected deviation.
[0020] If the difference between the reference position and the
detected position exceeds a permissible range, then it is
determined to be a deviation, which is reported to the trainee by,
for example, a voice message, an image, or a character message. For
example, voice data or character data is generated in order to
output a message such as "work harder," "too fast," or "too slow."
Image data that indicates the deviation between the reference
position and the detected position may also be generated.
[0021] The reference position is the position at which the moving
unit should be at a prescribed reference time. For example, if a
repetitive motion is performed for four beats, then the position
where the moving unit should be at each reference time, i.e., the
first beat, the second beat, the third beat, and the fourth beat,
constitutes the reference position at that reference time. The
reference position is calculated based on the reference signal of,
for example, the rotational speed of a torque motor. In addition,
the reference position is dependent upon a range of motion. The
range of motion is the amplitude of the repetitive exercise, and
may be fixed regardless of the trainee or may change with the
trainee. Herein, the repetitive exercise includes a repetitive
operation of a rotational exercise, such as bicycling; a repetitive
operation of part of a rotational exercise, such as climbing
virtual steps; and a repetitive operation of a linear motion, such
as raising and lowering a barbell. The reference time and the time
information vary with the beat, the speed, and the like, i.e., they
vary with the tempo. The tempo is determined by, for example,
various preset exercise modes, an indication of the tempo from the
trainee, and the like.
[0022] With the present training apparatus, the trainee is informed
of any deviation between the ideal motion and the trainee's motion
and is guided to perform the correct motion; therefore, the trainee
is corrected so that he or she performs the correct motion, as if
he or she were training with an instructor directly.
[0023] A second aspect of the invention provides a training
apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein
the load generator is a motor. In this apparatus, the reference
signal generating unit outputs the reference signal based on the
rotational angle and/or the rotational speed of the motor. In
addition, the relative position monitoring unit monitors the
relative positional relationship between the reference position and
the detected position of the moving unit by comparing the reference
signal with the motor rotational angle and/or rotational speed that
correspond to the detected position of the moving unit.
[0024] The position of the moving unit can be detected based on,
for example, the rotational count of the torque motor, which
applies a load to the moving unit.
[0025] A third aspect of the invention provides a training
apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention,
wherein:
[0026] the relative position monitoring unit determines whether the
detected position of the moving unit is ahead of or behind the
reference position of the moving unit; and
[0027] the reporting unit reports the determination result by unit
of the relative position monitoring unit.
[0028] If the detected position is ahead of the reference position,
then the repetitive exercise of the trainee is faster than the
appropriate motion; in the converse case, it is slower than the
appropriate motion. Detecting and giving notification of the
direction of the deviation makes it possible to make the trainee
aware that his or her current exercise state is deviating from the
desired exercise state.
[0029] For example, if an image displaying unit is provided, then
indicators, which are disposed in one vertical column, are
displayed on the screen thereof, and that column is partitioned
into three parts, i.e., the P part, the Q part, and the R part from
top to bottom, with each partitioned block having a different
color. The upper P part is yellow, the center Q part is blue, and
the lower R part is red. If a perfectly ideal motion is being
performed, then the indication block remains in the blue center
block, i.e., the Q part.
[0030] If the motion is slightly behind, then the indication block
lengthens so that it extends downwards, but it is determined that
there is no particular problem while the indication block remains
in the center blue Q part. Furthermore, if the exercise operation
falls behind and the indication block reaches the lowest R part,
then the R part, which is the red block, is displayed in addition
to the blue indication block. Accordingly, the trainee recognizes
that the indication block of the lowest red R part is additionally
displayed and easily recognizes that his or her operation is
currently slightly behind and therefore adjusts (quickens) the
operation so that the indication block returns to the blue Q
part.
[0031] Conversely, if the operation of the trainee is ahead, then
the indication block juts out upwards from the blue Q part and
enters the yellow P part, and the yellow indication block is
additionally displayed. Accordingly, the trainee easily recognizes
that his or her own operation is too far ahead, and therefore
relaxes the operation.
[0032] The constitution may be simplified by providing three
flashing units, which are arranged in a column, and determining
that the exercise is in the ideal exercise state while the center
part is flashing, or is slightly behind if the lower part is
flashing, or is ahead if the upper part is flashing. The
notification described above is visual, but may be additionally or
separately a voice notification. For example, it is possible to
output a voice message, such as "you've fallen behind" if "behind"
is detected, or "too fast" if "ahead" is detected.
[0033] A fourth aspect of the invention provides a training
apparatus according to the third aspect of the invention, wherein
the relative position monitoring unit detects a deviation between
the detected position and the reference position at the end point
of the forward path and/or the return path of the moving unit. The
reporting unit indicates and reports a motion to the trainee that
will eliminate the deviation between the detected position and the
reference position of the moving unit.
[0034] In the abovementioned third aspect of the invention, the
exerciser is, for example, visually or aurally notified of
information related to the exercise state so that he or she can
recognize if his or her exercise state is particularly behind or
ahead; however, the fourth aspect of the invention more clearly
indicates, from the training apparatus side, the training operation
to be performed by the trainee.
[0035] For example, if it is detected that the amplitude of the
repetitive exercise of the trainee has decreased, then a voice
instruction, such as "go deeper" is output to the trainee. Here,
the indication details may be modified depending on the extent of
the deviation (degree of spacing) between the ideal exercise state
and the current exercise state. For example, the further the
trainee falls behind, the stronger the message that may be sent,
i.e., "let's speed up a little," "a little bit faster," and "go
faster!" In addition, if the image displaying unit is provided,
then it is possible to display the same text on the display. Thus,
if the exercise state of the trainee has deviated from the ideal
exercise state, an indication is given to the trainee to eliminate
that deviation, which makes it easy to guide the trainee to the
proper exercise state.
[0036] A fifth aspect of the invention provides a training
apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein
the relative position monitoring unit further monitors a time
interval wherein a deviation does not occur. In this apparatus, if
the time interval wherein a deviation that is being monitored by
the relative position monitoring unit does not occur exceeds the
prescribed time, then the reporting unit reports that the exercise
is proper.
[0037] If the trainee is exercising properly, he or she is given a
notification to that effect, which makes it possible to make the
trainee maintain the correct exercise and to inspire him or
her.
[0038] A sixth aspect of the invention provides a training
apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, further
comprising a deviation counting unit that counts the number of
times the deviation, which is detected by the relative position
monitoring unit, occurs. In this apparatus, the reporting unit
issues the deviation report when the number of deviations counted
by the deviation counting unit reaches or exceeds the prescribed
count.
[0039] If a notification that a deviation has occurred is output
every time the detected position of the moving unit deviates from
the reference position, then the trainee will become annoyed and
lose his or her motivation. Here, it is preferable to output
indications at appropriate intervals. For example, a notification
may be given every time three deviations occur. While it is
acceptable to give a notification every time three deviations
occurs, it is also possible to give a notification if deviations
occur for three consecutive reps, if deviations occur for three out
of the last ten reps, and the like. If the amplitude is also
detected in addition to the position of the moving unit, then the
number of occurrences of deviations may be separately detected.
[0040] Here, deviations over the course of multiple reps that are
subject to counting of deviation occurrences refers to deviations
that are in the same direction. For example, if the number of
deviations wherein the trainee is behind the ideal motion reaches
or exceeds a prescribed count, or, conversely, if the number of
deviations wherein the trainee is ahead of the ideal motion reaches
or exceeds a prescribed count, then the trainee is notified of
such. This is because it is difficult to imagine that a single
trainee, when his or her training is examined for a relatively
short time span (e.g., during several reps) would repetitively fall
behind and jump ahead.
[0041] A seventh aspect of the invention provides a training
apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, further
comprising a deviation counting unit that counts the number of
times that the deviation, which is detected by the relative
position monitoring unit, occurs. In this apparatus, the reference
signal generating unit partitions the rep amplitude of the
repetitive motion and creates a plurality of sections. The relative
position monitoring unit determines whether the deviation has
occurred at the point in time when having passed through the first
section based on the reference signal. The reporting unit issues
the deviation report when the deviations, which are counted by the
deviation counting unit, reach or exceed the prescribed count.
[0042] For example, if there are four beats and if four sections
are generated by dividing the range of motion into four parts, then
it is possible to obtain a reference position for each of the beats
1, 2, 3, 4. If the deviation between the reference position and the
detected position is greater than or equal to a prescribed
deviation at the time of each beat, then it is determined that a
deviation has occurred. Thereby, it is possible to detect the
occurrence of a deviation between the correct amplitude exercise
and the amplitude exercise performed by the trainee, and to detect
the amount of that deviation.
[0043] Furthermore, a threshold value for determining that a
deviation has occurred is provided in order to provide play in the
determination of the deviation and to permit fluctuations in the
tempo of the exercise currently being performed.
[0044] Furthermore, because the description above does not provide
a target interval of time for which counting is to be performed, it
is conceivable that deviations will gradually accumulate during a
considerably long training time and will ultimately be reported at
a time when the sum of the deviations exceeds a prescribed value.
In such a case, it is also conceivable that the trainee will get
the impression that the report was very abrupt. Accordingly, the
counted value may be initialized every time a prescribed time
elapses, every time the repetitive exercise is performed a
prescribed number of time, or the like. For example, a method is
conceivable wherein the counted value is set to zero every minute
or every five reps.
[0045] An eighth aspect of the invention provides a training
apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, further
comprising an image displaying unit that displays an image based on
the indication data generated by the indicating unit. In this
apparatus, after a deviation between the reference position and the
detected position of the moving unit has occurred, the relative
position monitoring unit detects that the deviation has been
eliminated. If the relative position monitoring unit has detected
the deviation, then the indicating unit generates indication data,
which indicates that the moving unit is stopped, and, subsequently,
when the relative position monitoring unit has detected that the
deviation has been eliminated, generates indication data that
indicates the position of the moving unit, which resumes repetitive
motion starting from the stopped position.
[0046] If it is detected that the trainee is behind, then the
repetitive motion of the moving unit, which indicates the reference
position, is stopped, and the advance of the reference position is
stopped until the detected position of the moving unit coincides
with the stopped reference position. Thereby, it is possible to
prevent the reference position and the detected position from
rapidly deviating from one another. This is because, if they
deviate too much, there is a risk that the trainee will lose his or
her motivation. Furthermore, the eighth aspect of the present
invention can also be adapted not only to repetitive exercise
wherein the moving unit moves back and forth, but also to, for
example, rotational motion of a pedal, such as bicycling.
[0047] A ninth aspect of the invention provides a training
apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, further
comprising an image displaying unit that displays an image based on
indication data generated by the indicating unit. In this
apparatus, if the detected position of the moving unit still has
not reached the end point at the point in time when the reference
position of the moving unit has reached the end point of the
forward path or the return path of the repetitive motion, then the
relative position monitoring unit detects that the detected
position of the moving unit has reached the respective end point.
The indicating unit generates indication data that indicates that
the moving unit is stopped until the detected position of the
moving unit coincides with the end point.
[0048] If it is detected that the trainee is behind, then the
repetitive motion of the moving unit, which indicates the reference
position, is stopped, and the advance of the reference position is
stopped until the detected position of the moving unit coincides
with the stopped reference position. Thereby, it is possible to
prevent the reference position and the detected position from
rapidly deviating from one another. This is because, if they
deviate too much, there is a risk that the trainee will lose his or
her motivation.
[0049] In addition, if the reference position moves regardless of
the deviation with respect to the detected position, then the
following types of problems are also conceivable. Namely, as the
reference position, which has arrived at the forward path end
point, turns back and moves so that it returns along the return
path, there is a possibility that the trainee who fell behind will
not lean forward sufficiently and, midway in the forward path, will
raise his or her upper body so that he or she follows the reference
position, which is returning along the return path. In this case,
the trainee has not leaned forward sufficiently and, ultimately,
may end up continuing to exercise with a small amplitude of
operation for each rep, in which case a sufficient exercise effect
could not be expected. At this point, if the reference position
stands by at the forward path end point as mentioned above, then
the trainee can see that position and reliably bend forward until
he or she catches up, which makes it possible to avoid a situation
wherein the trainee exercises incompletely.
[0050] According to the present invention, it is possible to
maintain a movement that provides a strong exercise effect, even in
a state wherein the trainee is fatigued from performing the
movement of correct exercise.
[0051] These and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of
the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the
art from the following detailed description, which, taken in
conjunction with the annexed drawings, discloses a preferred
embodiment of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0052] Referring now to the attached drawings which form a part of
this original disclosure:
[0053] FIG. 1 is a training apparatus according to the first
embodiment of the present invention.
[0054] FIG. 2 is one example (a front perspective view) of the
training apparatus in FIG.
[0055] FIG. 3 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of personal data
accumulated in the server in FIG. 1.
[0056] FIGS. 4A and 4B shows conceptual explanatory diagrams of
reference signals that are generated by a reference signal
generation unit 36a. FIG. 4A is a reference signal for a case of
four beats and a range of motion of 80.degree.-0.degree., and FIG.
4B is a reference signal for a case of three beats and a range of
motion of 80.degree.-20.degree..
[0057] FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams that show the
reference signal and the detection signal. FIG. 5A is an
explanatory diagram for a case of detection signals that are behind
and ahead of the reference signal. FIG. 5B is an explanatory
diagram for a case wherein the amplitude of the detection signal is
smaller than the amplitude of the reference signal.
[0058] FIG. 6 is one example of an indication screen that is output
by the indication unit 36b in FIG. 1.
[0059] FIGS. 7A to 7C respectively show a conceptual explanatory
diagram of a rhythm counter, a conceptual explanatory diagram of a
depth counter, and a conceptual explanatory diagram of a return
counter.
[0060] FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram that shows changes in the
reference signal.
[0061] FIG. 9 is a flow chart that shows one example of the flow of
a main routine, which is executed by the calculation unit in FIG.
1.
[0062] FIG. 10 is a flow chart that shows one example of the flow
of a seat position verification subroutine, which is executed by
the calculation unit in FIG. 1.
[0063] FIG. 11 is a flow chart that shows one example of the flow
of a deviation detection process, which is executed by the
calculation unit in FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0064] Selected embodiments of the present invention will now be
explained with reference to the drawings. It will be apparent to
those skilled in the art from this disclosure that the following
descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are
provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting
the invention as defined by the appended claims and their
equivalents.
Overview of the Invention
[0065] In a training apparatus according to the present invention,
a motor applies a load to a bar (corresponds to a moving unit) that
moves repetitively due to the action of a trainee who performs an
exercise. The position of the moving unit, which is moved by the
trainee, is detected, and this detected position is compared with a
reference position of the moving unit. If the difference between
the reference position and the detected position exceeds a
permissible range, then it is determined to be a deviation, which
is reported to the trainee by, for example, a voice message, an
image, or a character message. For example, voice data or character
data is generated in order to output a message such as "work
harder," "too fast," or "too slow." Image data that indicates the
deviation between the reference position and the detected position
may also be generated.
[0066] A reference position is a position at which the moving unit
should be located at a prescribed reference time. For example, if a
four-beat repetitive exercise is performed, then the position at
which the moving unit should be located for each reference time,
i.e., for the first, the second, the third, and the fourth beat, is
the reference position for each reference time.
[0067] With the present training apparatus, the trainee is informed
of any deviation between the ideal motion and the trainee's motion
and is guided to perform the correct motion; therefore, the trainee
is corrected so that he or she performs the correct motion, as if
he or she were training with an instructor directly.
First Embodiment
Training Apparatus Configuration
[0068] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram that shows the hardware
configuration and the functional configuration of a training
apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present
invention. The hardware configuration and the functional
configuration of the training apparatus 100 will now be explained
successively, referencing FIG. 1.
(1) Hardware Configuration
(1-1) Overall Configuration
[0069] The training apparatus 100 is installed, for example, in a
facility such as a health club, and is connected to an on-site
server 200. The server 200 accumulates the personal data of
trainees, and transmits such in response to requests from the
training apparatus 100. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the
server 200 is only installed in a facility such as a health club,
but an off-site server (not shown) can also be provided that
connects on-site servers nationally or globally. Membership data
may be accumulated in such an off-site server, and each on-site
server may access that data.
[0070] The training apparatus 100 comprises a torque motor 15
(corresponds to a load generator), a motor signal processing unit
23, a sensor 24, a control unit 30, an input unit 50, a monitor 70,
and a speaker 90. The torque motor 15 applies the load to the bar
(discussed later). The motor signal processing unit 23 transmits
data regarding, for example, the rotational direction, the
rotational speed, and the rotational count of the torque motor 15
to the control unit 30. The sensor 24 is provided at a prescribed
location of the training apparatus 100 and detects, for example,
the orientation of the seat (discussed later). The control unit 30
is a computer that comprises, for example, a CPU, ROM, RAM, and a
hard disk, and executes a training program. The functions of the
control unit 30 will be discussed later in detail. The input unit
50 has a function that receives the input of data, which can be
implemented by, for example, a receiver unit of a transponder as
well as a numeric keypad unit and a card reader. The monitor 70 and
the speaker 90 output images and sound, respectively, in accordance
with a program stored by the control unit 30.
(1-2) An Example of the Training Apparatus
[0071] FIG. 2 is one example of the exterior of the training
apparatus 100. The training apparatus 100 in this example has a
structure wherein the trainee seated on a seat 16 can work the
abdominal and back muscles as well as the left and right oblique
muscles by repetitively moving a bar 11 (corresponds to the moving
unit) about a rotary shaft. For each training type, the amplitude
of a rep, wherein the trainee repetitively moves the bar 11, is
called the range of motion. In the present apparatus, the range of
motion varies with the trainee and the training type.
[0072] The bar 11 is rotatable about the rotary shaft and is
coupled to a chain. The chain is looped onto two pulleys. One of
the pulleys shares a rotary shaft with the torque motor 15. When
the trainee swings the bar 11, the chain moves and the pulleys
thereby begin to rotate. At this point, the torque motor 15 applies
torque to one of the pulleys, which impresses a load upon the bar
11. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a servomotor, a
stepping motor, and the like instead of the torque motor. In
addition, in place of the motor, a load may be applied to the bar
11 by using a solenoid brake and the like.
[0073] The seat 16 can rotate between an A direction and a B
direction in the figure. The A direction in the figure is at a
right angle to the B direction. The trainee exercises facing the A
direction or the B direction in the figure. The sensor 24 (refer to
FIG. 1) is provided below the seat 16, detects the direction of the
seat 16, and sends a detection signal to the control unit 30.
[0074] With the seat 16 in a first position at which it is oriented
in the A direction in FIG. 2, the trainee performs an abdominal
muscle exercise by placing his or her feet on a footrest 17a,
hugging the bar 11, and then pushing it with the upper body forward
and downward, or a back muscle exercise by pushing the bar 11
upward with his or her back. With the seat 16 in a second position
at which it is oriented in the B direction in FIG. 2, the trainee
performs a left obliques exercise by placing his or her feet on a
footrest 17b, tucking the bar 11 under his or her left side, and
then pushing downward, or performs a right obliques exercise by
tucking the bar 11 under his or her right side and then pushing
downward. Accordingly, with the present training apparatus 100, the
trainee can perform four types of training: abdominal muscle
exercise, back muscle exercise, left obliques exercise, and right
obliques exercise. Furthermore, the training apparatus 100 may
receive the selection of various training modes in addition to the
training type.
[0075] A stopper 40 is provided in order to set a mechanically
movable limiting point for the bar 11 when performing each type of
training. Using the stopper 40 to provide a mechanically movable
limit for the presumed range of exercise during training makes it
possible to avoid situations wherein an overload is applied to the
trainee's body as a result of overdoing the operation or wherein
the trainee performs a sudden operation. Although omitted from the
drawings, the mechanically movable limiting point of the bar 11 is
preset in accordance with, for example, each of the abovementioned
exercises, i.e., abdominal muscle exercise, back muscle exercise,
and left and right obliques exercises. The modification of the
setting of the limiting point is performed manually by the trainee.
If the stopper 40 is lifted to an upper part, then the fixed state
of the stopper 40 is released. The bar 11 is fixed at each limiting
point by moving it to the relevant limiting point and, at that
point, dragging the stopper 40 downward. The position of the
stopper 40 shown in FIG. 2 is set when the trainee performs the
back muscle exercise.
(2) Functional Configuration
(2-1) Control Unit
[0076] The following explains the functions of the training
apparatus 100. To simplify the explanation, the following takes up
an example of an abdominal muscle exercise, wherein the trainee
repetitively performs the sequence of pushing the bar 11 downward
while leaning his or her upper body forward, and then returning to
the original position.
[0077] The functions of the training apparatus 100 are implemented
by the control unit 30. The details of the control unit 30 will now
be explained, referencing FIG. 1 once again. The control unit 30
has the functions described in (a) through (f) below:
[0078] (a) a detection signal processing unit 31 that processes
detection signals from the motor signal processing unit 23 and the
sensor 24, and sends them to a calculation unit 36;
[0079] (b) a receive unit 32 that receives input signals, such as
personal data, that are input from the input unit 50 and sends them
to the calculation unit 36;
[0080] (c) a communication control unit 33 that sends and receives
personal data to and from the server 200;
[0081] (d) an image generating unit 34 that generates display data
and sends such to the monitor 70;
[0082] (e) a voice control unit 35 that generates voice data and
sends such to the speaker 90; and
[0083] (f) a calculation unit 36 that controls each unit in the
control unit 30 by executing a program stored in, for example, ROM
(not shown).
(2-2) Calculation Unit
[0084] The calculation unit 36 comprises a reference signal
generation unit 36a (corresponds to a reference signal generating
unit), an indication unit 36b (corresponds to an indicating unit),
a position detection unit 36c (corresponds to a position detecting
unit), a deviation monitoring unit 36d (corresponds to a relative
position monitoring unit), a deviation notification unit 36e
(corresponds to a reporting unit), a training unit 36f, and a
counter 36g (corresponds to one part of the deviation counting
unit). The following explains the function of each unit.
(2-2-1) Personal Data
[0085] FIG. 3 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of the personal
data that is acquired from the server 200 by the training unit 36f.
First, personal data will be explained as it is related to various
functions that are discussed later.
[0086] Personal data includes a trainee ID, basic personal data,
and supplemental personal data. The trainee ID is an identifier
that identifies the trainee. Basic personal data is information
about the trainee's body, such as gender, age, body weight, and
body fat percentage. Supplemental personal data is, for example,
the trainee's 1 RM (repetition maximum) and the range over which he
or she can move the bar 11, and is preferably stored for each
training type. Supplemental personal data is acquired by the
training apparatus 100 by performing measurements and is sent to
the server 200. If supplemental personal data does not exist for
the type of training that is about to be performed, then the range
of motion and the 1 RM are calculated based on the basic personal
data.
(2-2-2) Reference Signal Generation Unit
[0087] The reference signal generation unit 36a generates a
reference signal that specifies the reference positions of the bar
11 in the range of motion. Specifically, the reference signal
generation unit 36a generates a reference signal that specifies the
reference positions of the bar 11, which repetitively travels
through the range of motion, based on the range of motion of the
bar 11 and a number of beats N (where N is a natural number that is
greater than or equal to 2). The number of beats N is set in
accordance with, for example, the training type and the training
mode selected by the trainee. The following explains one example of
a reference signal generating method.
[0088] FIGS. 4A and 4B are conceptual explanatory diagrams of the
reference signal generated by the reference signal generation unit
36a. First, a plurality of sections is formed by equally dividing
the range of motion into N parts along the circumferential
direction. The reference positions are disposed along an arc that
spans the range of motion along the forward path direction of the
figure from the start point to the end point and then spans the
range of motion along the return path direction of the figure back
to the start point. The movement of the bar 11 along the forward
path and then along the return path is referred to as one rep, and
the bar 11 is repetitively moved back and forth between the start
and end points of the range of motion along these reference
positions. A reference position is located at the boundary of each
section in accordance with the time of each beat. Accordingly, the
reference positions change in accordance with, for example, the
amplitude of the range of motion and the number of beats N.
Furthermore, the range of motion in the figure is shown with
0.degree. as the position where the bar 11 is at the highest point,
and 90.degree. as the position where the bar 11 is swung 90.degree.
therefrom. To simplify the explanation, the position of the bar 11
in FIGS. 4A and 4B is indicated by an angle, and the reference
signal generated by the reference signal generation unit 36a
indicates the position of the bar 11 by the rotational count of the
torque motor 15.
[0089] FIG. 4A shows the reference signal for the case wherein
there are four beats and the range of motion (LOAD RANGE Wa) is
from 80.degree.-0.degree.. First, second, third and fourth sections
are formed by dividing the range of motion into four equal parts,
which are 80.degree.-6.degree., 60.degree.-40.degree.,
40.degree.-20.degree., and 20.degree.-0.degree., respectively. With
this reference signal, the reference positions along the forward
path for each of the reference times are 60.degree. at the first
beat, 40.degree. at the second beat, 20.degree. at the third beat,
and 0.degree. at the fourth beat. In addition, the reference
positions along the return path are 20.degree. at the first beat,
40.degree. at the second beat, 60.degree. at the third beat, and
80.degree. at the fourth beat.
[0090] FIG. 4B shows a reference signal for the case wherein there
are three beats and the range of motion (LOAD RANGE Wb) is from
80.degree.-20.degree.. First, second and third sections are formed
by dividing the range of motion into three equal parts, which are
80.degree.-60.degree., 60.degree.-40.degree., and
40.degree.-20.degree., respectively. With this reference signal,
the reference positions along the forward path for each of the
reference times are 60.degree. at the first beat, 40.degree. at the
second beat, and 20.degree. at the third beat. In addition, along
the return path, the positions are 40.degree. at the first beat,
60.degree. at the second beat, and 800 at the third beat.
(2-2-3) Indication Unit
[0091] The indication unit 36b converts the reference signal
generated by the reference signal generation unit 36a in order to
derive the angle of the bar 11 at a prescribed reference time.
Specifically, the indication unit 36b converts the reference
position of the bar 11, which is indicated by the rotational count
of the torque motor 15, to an angle. In addition, the indication
unit 36b calculates the time information of each reference time
based on the reference signal. The time information is based on the
start time of the repetitive exercise. In the present embodiment,
the indication unit 36b uses the times of the beats as the
reference times. Namely, the time it takes to pass through each
section shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is used as the reference times.
The time information for each beat, which is a reference time,
depends on both the number of beats N and the speed. Accordingly,
the reference signal generation unit 36a determines the time
information of each reference time based on both the number of
beats N and the speed. In so doing, the indication unit 36b
generates a reference signal wherein the reference positions are
converted to angles and the times are converted to time information
of the reference times.
[0092] In FIGS. 5A and 5B, the solid line is the reference signal
that was converted by the indication unit 36b. The reference signal
is graphed with the vertical axis representing the angle and the
horizontal axis representing time. In this example, the reference
positions, which are for the case wherein there are 4 beats and the
range of motion is from 80.degree.-0.degree., are graphed against
time. In the figure, "1," "2," "3," and "4" represent beat
numbers.
[0093] Furthermore, the indication unit 36b preferably generates
image data that indicates the position of the bar 11 based on the
reference signal, which has been converted to an angle, and the
time information of a reference time. The generated image data is
output to the monitor 70 so that it is synchronized with the
reference time. In addition, the indication unit 36b may generate
voice data that indicates the reference time. The generated voice
data is output to the speaker 90.
[0094] FIG. 6 shows one example of an indication screen that is
output by the indication unit 36b. The indication screen displays a
model (a detailed body in the figure) that indicates the reference
position. The detailed model performs the repetitive exercise so
that the reference position is indicated at each reference time,
i.e., at beat "1", "2," "3," and "4." In the figure, the outlined
model indicates the actual position of the bar 11 as detected by
the position detection unit 36c, i.e., the detected position. The
indication unit 36b may also display the detected position, as
shown in this figure.
(2-2-4) Position Detection Unit
[0095] The position detection unit 36c monitors the actual position
of the bar 11 as it is being moved by the trainee. Specifically,
the position detection unit 36c acquires, for example, the
rotational count, the rotational speed, and the rotational
direction of the torque motor 15 from the detection signal
processing unit 31 at prescribed times, and converts such to
angles. The prescribed times are the reference times that were
calculated by the indication unit 36b. The position (hereinbelow,
referred to as the detected position) of the bar 11, which was
detected and converted at a reference time, is associated with the
time information of the reference time and temporarily stored.
[0096] In FIGS. 5A and 5B, the chain line and the dotted line are
each one example of a detection signal that is detected and stored
by the position detection unit 36c. The detection signal indicates
the detected position (angle) of the bar 11 with respect to time.
The chain line in FIG. 5A of the same figure is one example of a
detection signal for a case of performing repetitive exercise
wherein the bar 11 is behind the reference signal. The dotted line
in FIG. 5A of the same figure is one example of a detection signal
for a case of performing repetitive exercise wherein the bar 11 is
ahead of the reference signal. The chain line in FIG. 5B of the
same figure is one example of a detection signal for a case wherein
the amplitude of the rep of the bar 11 is less than the range of
motion. Furthermore, in an actual product, until the chain line,
which indicates the state wherein the bar 11 is behind the
reference signal, reaches the 0.degree. or the 90.degree. position,
the reference signal, which has arrived at the relevant position
ahead of the chain line, stands by until the bar 11 reaches that
position, as explained later in detail in FIG. 8.
(2-2-5) Deviation Monitoring Unit
[0097] (i) Detection of Deviation
[0098] The deviation monitoring unit 36d monitors the relative
positional relationship between the reference position and the
detected position of the bar 11, and detects a prescribed deviation
therebetween. Specifically, if the difference between the reference
position and the detected position at the same reference time is
greater than or equal to a prescribed permissible quantity, then
the deviation monitoring unit 36d determines that a deviation has
occurred. If the deviation monitoring unit 36d determines that a
deviation has occurred, then it writes the determination result to
the counter 36g.
[0099] The detection of a deviation will now be concretely
explained, referencing FIG. 5A. The deviation monitoring unit 36d
calculates the difference between the reference position and the
detected position, i.e., the difference between the angles, at the
reference times, i.e., the times of the beats, calculated by the
indication unit 36b. For example, if the detection signal is
indicated by the chain line in the figure, then the difference
between the detected position and the reference position at each
reference time is the difference between the angle indicated by the
corresponding black circle in the figure and the angle indicated by
the corresponding white circle in the figure. If the difference
between the angles is greater than or equal to the prescribed
permissible value, then the deviation monitoring unit 36d
determines that a deviation has occurred.
(ii) Detection of Deviation Direction
[0100] The deviation monitoring unit 36d preferably detects not
only the magnitude of the difference in the angle between the
detected position and the reference position, but also the
deviation direction. Namely, if a deviation has occurred, it
preferably determines whether that deviation is one wherein the
detected position is behind or, conversely, ahead of the reference
position. This determination can be made by comparing the phase of
the detection signal and the phase of the reference signal, wherein
the indication unit 36b converted the position to the angle. With
the present embodiment, the deviation monitoring unit 36d detects
the count of deviations of the bar 11 per rep for the cases wherein
the detected position is behind and ahead. The detected "behind"
deviation count and the "ahead" deviation count per rep are written
to the counter 36g.
[0101] FIG. 7A is a conceptual explanatory diagram of rhythm
counters, which are included in the counter 36g. The counter 36g is
implemented by, for example, RAM (not shown) in the calculation
unit 36. In the present example, the rhythm counters accumulate
four reps worth of the "behind" deviation count and the "ahead"
deviation count, respectively, for each rep of the bar 11. When a
rhythm counter fills up and a prescribed condition is satisfied,
then the trainee is given a notification to go faster if the
operation is "behind" or, conversely, to go slower if the operation
is "ahead," after which that rhythm counter is cleared. Examples of
prescribed conditions include, "number of reps in which `behind`
occurred at least two times is greater than or equal to 3," and
"number of reps in which `ahead` occurred at least two times is
greater than or equal to 3." Conversely, if the prescribed
condition is not satisfied, then that rhythm counter's old data is
overwritten with new data beginning with the oldest data. Thereby,
the "behind" and "ahead" counts for the four most recent reps are
continuously accumulated in the rhythm counters.
[0102] The present figure shows that at the point in time when the
bar 11 has undergone three reps, it was determined that the
"behind" deviation count was two in the first and second reps, and
three in the third rep. In addition, in the present figure, it was
determined that there were no "ahead" deviations during the three
reps. If neither a "behind" deviation nor an "ahead" deviation
occurs in a rep, then the "behind" and "ahead" deviation counts for
that rep are set to "0."
(iii) Detection of Small Amplitude and Insufficient Return
[0103] The deviation monitoring unit 36d detects the deviation
between the detected position and the reference position at the end
point of the forward path and/or the return path of the bar 11, and
preferably determines whether the amplitude is too small and
whether the bar 11 has returned to the start position. This
determination will now be explained, referencing FIG. 5B. The
present figure shows that the detected position at the end point
(fourth beat) of the forward path of the first rep is approximately
10.degree., and has not reached 0.degree., which is the end point
of the range of motion. In this case, if the 10.degree. deviation
between the detected position and the reference position at the
forward path end point exceeds the permissible value, then a
deviation monitoring unit 36d determines that the amplitude is too
small.
[0104] In addition, the present figure shows that the detected
position at the end point (fourth beat) of the return path of the
first rep is approximately 70.degree., and has not returned to
80.degree., which is the start point of the range of motion. In
this case, if the 10.degree. deviation between the detected
position and the reference position at the return path end point
exceeds the permissible value, then the deviation monitoring unit
36d determines that the return was insufficient.
[0105] FIG. 7B is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a depth
counter, which is included in the counter 36g. The depth counter
accumulates four reps worth of the count wherein the amplitude was
determined to be too small at the end point of the forward path. If
the depth counter fills up, then the trainee is notified that the
amplitude is too small, as discussed later, after which the depth
counter is cleared. The present figure shows that at the point in
time when the bar 11 has undergone three reps, as shown in FIG. 7A,
the count wherein the amplitude is determined to be too small is
two.
[0106] FIG. 7C is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a return
counter, which is included in the counter 36g. The return counter
accumulates four reps worth of the count wherein the bar 11 did not
return to the end point of the return path, i.e., the start point
of the range of motion. If the return counter fills up, then, as
discussed later, the trainee is notified that the return is
insufficient after which the return counter is cleared. The present
figure shows that at the point in time when the bar 11 has
undergone three reps as shown in FIG. 7A, the count wherein the
return was determined to be insufficient is one.
(iv) Standby
[0107] If a deviation has occurred, then the deviation monitoring
unit 36d preferably changes the reference signal by stopping the
advance of the reference position until the detected position
coincides with the reference position and then resuming the advance
of the reference position after they match.
[0108] FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram that shows the change in
the reference signal for the case wherein the advance of the
reference position has been stopped. The dotted line in the figure
indicates the return path of the first rep for the pre-change
reference signal. The solid line in the figure indicates the
pre-change reference signal up to a reference time t4, and
indicates the post-change reference signal starting from a
reference time t5. The chain line in the figure indicates the
detection signal.
[0109] For example, let us consider a case wherein the deviation
monitoring unit 36d has determined that a "behind" deviation has
occurred at the fourth beat (the reference time t4 in the figure)
at which the bar 11 was expected to arrive at the forward path end
point. At this point in time, the deviation monitoring unit 36d
detects the position of the bar 11 every .DELTA.T2 and resumes the
advance of the reference position at the time t5, at which point it
determines that the detected position of the bar 11 has arrived at
the forward path end point. During the interval from reference time
t4 to time t5, the reference position is stopped at the position of
the forward path end point, which in this case is the position at
the 0.degree. angle. Furthermore, the reference position starting
from time t5 changes at reference times t6, t7, t8, t9, which are
determined by the prescribed number of beats and speed, to the
positions indicated by the angles 20.degree., 40.degree.,
60.degree., and 80.degree., respectively.
[0110] The abovementioned FIG. 6 shows that a reference position
indication image, which is generated by the indication unit 36b,
also changes in accordance with changes in the reference signal.
Not only does the indication image change, but the voice data,
which is generated by the indication unit 36b, also changes in
accordance with changes in the reference signal. Using this
example, an image wherein the reference position is stopped is
displayed on the input unit 50 during the interval from time t4 to
time t5. This will now be explained in greater detail, referencing
FIGS. 6A-6D.
[0111] FIG. 6A shows the reference position and the detected
position at the forward path start point. Because they both
overlap, the detected position is not visible. This is the state at
time t0 of FIG. 8. Furthermore, although the reference position and
the detected position are actually displayed by a character of a
trainee, as shown in the figure, the following explanation is based
just on the reference position and the detected position.
[0112] FIG. 6B shows the reference position and the detected
position for the second beat and the third beat. The figure
illustrates that the detected position, which is indicated by the
outlined model, is behind when compared with the reference
position, which is indicated by the detailed model. Namely, the
figure illustrates a state wherein the operation of the trainee has
fallen behind with respect to the ideal operation. This is the
state at times t2 and t3 in FIG. 8.
[0113] FIG. 6C shows the reference position when it is at forward
path end point at the fourth beat and the detected position. The
figure illustrates that the reference position has reached the
forward path end point and the detected position has fallen further
behind. This state is the state at time t4 in FIG. 8. Furthermore,
because the present training apparatus performs repetitive motion,
the reference position essentially arrives at the forward path end
point, as shown in FIG. 6C, and then immediately turns back and
moves so as to follow the return path. Nevertheless, in the case of
FIG. 6C, the detected position, i.e., the position of the trainee,
is "behind"; therefore, in this case, the reference position stands
by at the forward path end point until the detected position
catches up. Furthermore, if the detected position, keeping pace
with the reference position, arrives at the forward path end point,
then the reference position immediately turns back after it arrives
at the forward path end point and follows the return path without
standing by in this manner.
[0114] FIG. 6D shows a state wherein, as a result of having kept
the reference position stopped since the state shown in FIG. 6C,
the detected position coincides with the reference position.
Namely, this figure illustrates a state wherein the trainee who
fell behind has caught up with the reference position, which was
standing by. This state is the state at time t5 in FIG. 8.
[0115] Thus, attendant with the changes in the reference signal
shown in FIG. 8, the output of the indication unit 36b also changes
based on the reference signal. Thereby, it is possible to prevent
the reference position and the detected position from increasingly
deviating. This is because if they excessively deviate, then there
is a risk that the trainee will lose his or her motivation. In
addition, if the reference position moves regardless of the
deviation with respect to the detected position, then the following
types of problems are also conceivable. Namely, as the reference
position, which has arrived at the forward path end point, turns
back and moves so that it returns along the return path, there is a
possibility that the trainee who fell behind will not lean forward
sufficiently and, midway in the forward path, will raise his or her
upper body so that he or she follows the reference position, which
is returning along the return path. In this case, the trainee has
not leaned forward sufficiently and, ultimately, may end up
continuing to exercise within a narrow amplitude of operation for
each rep, in which case a sufficient exercise effect could not be
expected. At this point, if the reference position stands by at the
forward path end point as mentioned above, then the trainee can see
that position and reliably bend forward until he or she catches up,
which makes it possible to avoid a situation wherein the trainee
exercises incompletely.
(2-2-6) Deviation Notification unit
[0116] The deviation notification unit 36e notifies the trainee of
the occurrence of deviations based on the deviations detected by
the deviation monitoring unit 36d. For example, if a "behind"
deviation is detected, then a voice message or a character message,
such as "go faster," is output; and if an "ahead" deviation is
detected, then "go slower" is output. In addition, if it is
determined that the amplitude is too small, or that the bar 11 did
not fully return to the start point of the forward path, then a
voice message or a character message, such as "try leaning forward
a little bit more," or "try leaning back a little bit more," is
output. The movement of the trainee can thereby be further
corrected. Furthermore, if a state wherein no deviation occurs
continues for a prescribed time or longer, then it is preferable to
output a voice message or a character message that praises the
trainee such as "good pace." If the trainee is exercising properly,
then notifying the trainee to that effect makes it possible to
support correct exercising and to inspire the trainee.
[0117] Specifically, the deviation notification unit 36e references
the rhythm counters, the depth counter, and the return counter in
the counter 36g and determines the times at which to output
notifications such as messages. For example, if the deviation
notification unit 36e references the rhythm counters and determines
that there are two or more "behind" deviations per rep for all four
accumulated reps, then the deviation notification unit 36e gives a
"behind" notification. Likewise, if the deviation notification unit
36e references the rhythm counters and determines that there are
two or more "ahead" deviations per rep for all four accumulated
reps, then the deviation notification unit 36e gives an "ahead"
notification. In addition, if the deviation notification unit 36e
references the rhythm counters and determines that a deviation has
not occurred for three or more consecutive reps, then it gives a
notification that praises the trainee. Regardless of the
notification given, the deviation notification unit 36e clears the
rhythm counter that corresponds to that notification.
[0118] In addition, if the deviation notification unit 36e
references the depth counter and finds that number of reps wherein
the amplitude was determined to be too small has reached, for
example, four, then it gives a notification that the amplitude is
too small. After giving the notification, the position detection
unit 36c clears the depth counter.
[0119] Likewise, if the deviation notification unit 36e references
the return counter and finds that the number of reps wherein the
return of the bar 11 was determined to be insufficient has reached,
for example, four, then it gives a notification that the return is
insufficient. After giving the notification, the deviation
notification unit 36e clears the return counter.
[0120] Thus, the number of detected deviations is stored in the
counter 36g and a notification of a deviation is given if a certain
number of deviations has been detected. Thereby, compared with the
case wherein a notification of a deviation is given with every
detection, it is possible to encourage the trainee as well as to
correct the trainee's exercise with appropriate timing. In
addition, if it is detected that a deviation has not occurred, then
a message that praises the trainee is output, thereby motivating
the trainee.
[0121] Furthermore, the notification that is given when a certain
number of deviations has been detected can be appropriately set in
accordance with, for example, the training type. For example, the
notification of a deviation may be given at a time such as when
deviations have occurred for three consecutive reps, or when
deviations have occurred for three out of the ten past reps.
(2-2-7) Training Unit
[0122] The training unit 36f executes, for example: the reception
of a training type selection; the reception of a prescribed
training mode selection; the reception of the input of basic
personal data; the measurement or calculation of range of motion, 1
RM, and the like, which are included in the supplemental personal
data; as well as a training process. With the present training
apparatus 100, the training types are abdominal muscle exercise,
back muscle exercise, left obliques exercise, and right obliques
exercise.
Process Flow
[0123] The following explains an embodiment of the process executed
by the calculation unit 36 of the training apparatus 100. To
simplify the explanation, an example of a case will be considered
wherein abdominal muscle exercise has been selected as the training
type. The calculation unit 36 broadly executes (1) a main routine,
(2) a seat position verification subroutine, and (3) a deviation
detection process. The main routine and the seat position
verification subroutine are executed independently from the
deviation detection process.
(1) Main Routine
[0124] FIG. 9 is a flow chart that shows one example of the flow of
the main routine executed by the calculation unit 36. The main
routine, for example, acquires personal data, receives the mode
selection, the training type selection, and the like, and switches
the process in accordance with the mode.
[0125] Step S1: When the training apparatus 100 starts up, the
calculation unit 36 starts a demonstration that shows an overview
of a training method.
[0126] Step S2: While the demonstration is executing, the
calculation unit 36 stands by for the input of a set button or a
quick start button. The set button and the quick start button are
provided to the input unit 50 (not shown).
[0127] Steps S3-S6: The calculation unit 36 either acquires the
personal data from the server 200 or has the trainee input such.
Specifically, if a user ID is input from the transponder during the
demonstration (S3), then the calculation unit 36 acquires personal
data that corresponds to the inputted user ID from the on-site
server 200. If there are no omissions in the basic personal data
within the acquired personal data (S4), then the process
transitions to step S7. If there is no input from the transponder
(S3), then the calculation unit 36 outputs a notification to the
effect that it cannot authenticate the trainee and therefore
inquires as to the trainee's intention to continue the process
(S5). If there is an intention to continue, then a data input
screen (refer to FIG. 6) is displayed and the input of the basic
personal data is received (S6). In addition, if there are any
omissions in the basic personal data that was acquired from the
on-site server 200, then the input of basic personal data is
received from the data input screen (S4 and S6).
[0128] Steps S7-S8: If the set button was pressed during the
demonstration (S7), then the calculation unit 36 receives the
selection of the mode and the training type (region and notation in
the figure) from the trainee.
[0129] Steps S9-S10: If the quick start button was pressed (S9),
then the calculation unit 36 receives the selection of the training
type (region and notation in the figure) from the trainee (S10). In
addition, the calculation unit 36 may accept the setting of, for
example, a target count and a target time.
[0130] Step S11: The calculation unit 36 executes the seat position
verification subroutine, which is discussed later. This process
determines the required seat position in accordance with the region
of the training about to be performed.
[0131] Step S12: The calculation unit 36 executes the training
process in accordance with the selected mode and training type.
(2) Seat Position Verification Subroutine
[0132] FIG. 10 is a flow chart that shows one example of the flow
of the process of the seat position verification subroutine
executed by the calculation unit 36. If the process transitions to
step S11 in the abovementioned main routine, then the following
process begins.
[0133] Step S201, S202: The calculation unit 36 determines whether
it is necessary to modify the seat position based on the region of
the training about to be performed, i.e., based on the training
type (S201). If a modification is necessary, then the process
transitions to step S202 whereupon the calculation unit 36 outputs
a screen to the monitor 70 that instructs the trainee to modify the
seat position. If a modification is not necessary, then the process
returns to the main routine.
[0134] Step S203, S204: The calculation unit 36 stands by for the
seat position (specifically, the seat direction) to be modified
(S203); if the seat is rotated and set to the correct position,
then the calculation unit 36 outputs a screen to the monitor 70
that instructs the trainee to sit down (S204). It is determined
that the seat position has been modified by the detection of a
signal from the sensor 24, which was discussed above.
[0135] Step S205: The calculation unit 36 stands by for the trainee
to press the set button (S205) whereupon the process returns to the
main routine.
[0136] The above process makes it possible to have the trainee sit
in the seat at a position that is appropriate for the training type
selected by the trainee.
(3) Deviation Detection Process
[0137] FIG. 11 is a flow chart that shows one example of the flow
of the deviation detection process executed by the calculation unit
36. The following process is started if the execution of any
training begins. The flow is the same for both the forward path and
the return path. To facilitate the explanation, the following takes
up an example of a case wherein a four beat abdominal muscle
exercise is performed.
[0138] Step S301: The calculation unit 36 determines whether there
is a deviation between the reference position and the detected
position, the direction of the deviation if one occurs, etc. for
every beat from the first beat to the fourth beat. In addition, at
the fourth beat, the calculation unit 36 further determines whether
the amplitude is too small if the path is the forward path, and
whether the bar 11 has returned to the start point of the range of
motion if the path is the return path. The determination results
are written to the field of each rhythm counter, the depth counter,
and the return counter.
[0139] Step S302: The calculation unit 36 determines whether the
determination of a deviation at the fourth beat, the storage of the
determination results, and the output of the counting voice are
complete, and performs the following process if they are complete.
If the abovementioned processes related to the fourth beat have not
completed even after the elapse of a prescribed time from the first
beat, which is based on the reference signal, then the process
transitions to step S313, which is discussed later.
[0140] Steps S303-S304: The calculation unit 36 references the
rhythm counters and determines whether to give a notification in
order to provide rhythm assistance (S303). Namely, the calculation
unit 36 determines whether to notify the trainee that he or she is
behind the reference signal, or to notify the trainee that he or
she is ahead of the reference signal. For example, the calculation
unit 36 determines that a deviation notification should be given
only if the count of reps in which two or more deviations have
occurred has reached four. The deviations for the cases wherein the
trainee is behind and for the cases wherein he or she is ahead are
counted separately. Furthermore, if the count of reps in which no
deviations occur is, for example, three or more, then the
calculation unit 36 makes the determination to give a notification
to maintain that pace. When giving a notification, a prescribed
voice message, character message, or the like is output (S304).
[0141] Step S305: After the output of the abovementioned voice
message, character message, or the like, the calculation unit 36
initializes the corresponding rhythm counter (S305). This is done
in order to newly accumulate the detection results of four reps
worth of deviations in the rhythm counter.
[0142] Steps S306-S308: The calculation unit 36 references the
depth counter and determines whether to notify the trainee in order
to provide depth assistance for the amplitude of his or her
movement (S306). For example, if the count of reps wherein the
position of the forward path end point has been determined to be
too shallow has reached four, then the calculation unit 36
determines that a notification is to be given and outputs a
prescribed voice message, character message, or the like (S307).
After the notification, the calculation unit 36 initializes the
depth counter (S308). Thereby, every time the count of reps wherein
the position of the forward path end point is determined to be too
small reaches four, the trainee is notified that the amplitude of
the bar 11 is too small.
[0143] Steps S309-S311: The calculation unit 36 references the
return counter and determines whether to notify the trainee in
order to provide return assistance based on whether he or she has
sufficiently returned the bar 11 to the forward path start position
(S309). For example, if the count of reps wherein it was determined
that the return of the bar 11 was insufficient reaches four, then
the calculation unit 36 makes a determination to give a
notification and outputs a prescribed voice message, character
message, or the like (S310). After the notification, the
calculation unit 36 initializes the return counter (S311). Thereby,
every time the count of reps wherein it is determined that the
return of the bar 11 was insufficient reaches four, the trainee is
notified that the return of the bar 11 is insufficient.
[0144] Furthermore, in an event wherein the rhythm assistance
message in step S303, the depth assistance message in step S307,
the return assistance message in step S311, and the counting voice
that counts the beats 1-4 are output with the same timing, it is
preferable to set a priority level as described below in order to
notify the trainee of information that is highly important. The
information below is listed in priority order from high to low.
[0145] Forward path: Depth assistance message>Rhythm assistance
message>Counting voice
[0146] Return path: Return assistance message>Rhythm assistance
message>Counting voice
[0147] Steps S312-S314: At the fourth beat, the calculation unit 36
determines whether the position of the bar 11 has reached an end
part of the range of motion. In other words, it determines whether
the position of the bar 11 has reached the end point of the range
of motion if the path is the forward path, and whether the position
of the bar 11 has reached the start point of the range of motion if
the path is the return path. If the position of the bar 11 has
reached an end part, then the calculation unit 36 determines and
stores whether the next operation is the forward path or the return
path (S313); if the training is not complete, then a process
similar to that discussed above is repeated for the movement in the
reverse direction (S314).
[0148] Step S315: If the position of the bar 11 has not reached an
end part of the range of motion at the fourth beat, then the
calculation unit 36 stands by for the bar 11 to reach an end part
of the range of motion until time .DELTA.T1 elapses. Namely, the
following steps S316-S318 are executed as long as time .DELTA.T1
has not elapsed. If the bar 11 has not reached an end part of the
range of motion by the time .DELTA.T1 has elapsed, then it is
interpreted that the trainee is fatigued and the process therefore
transitions to step S319.
[0149] Step S316: As long as the maximum standby time .DELTA.T1 has
not elapsed, the calculation unit 36 detects the position of the
bar 11 every time .DELTA.T2 (S316) and determines whether the
position of the bar 11 has reached an end part of the range of
motion (S317). If it has reached an end part of the range of
motion, then the advance of the reference position resumes and the
process transitions to the abovementioned step S313. If it has not
reached an end part of the range of motion, then a voice message, a
character message, or the like, e.g., "try leaning forward a little
bit more," is output to the trainee. In addition, the calculation
unit 36 changes the reference signal and stops the advance of the
reference position (S318).
[0150] Step S319: The calculation unit 36 forcibly ends any
training that is currently being executed by another program and
ends the current process.
[0151] With the training apparatus according to the present
invention, the trainee is informed of any deviation between his or
her motion and the ideal motion, and is guided to perform the
correct motion; therefore, the trainee is corrected so that he or
she performs the correct motion as if he or she were directly
training with an instructor. Detecting the direction of a deviation
and giving notification of such makes it possible to guide the
trainee so that he or she performs the motion with the correct
rhythm. For example, outputting a voice message, such as "go
faster" if "behind" is detected or "go slower" if "ahead" is
detected, guides the trainee so that he or she can perform the
correct motion without looking at the monitor and with a sense that
he or she is being watched over by an instructor. In addition, if
it is detected that the amplitude of the repetitive exercise of a
trainee has become small, a voice instruction, such as "try leaning
forward a little bit more," is output. Monitoring the amplitude of
the repetitive exercise makes it possible to further correct the
trainee's movement. Conversely, if the trainee is exercising
properly, then he or she is notified of such, which makes him or
her maintain the correct motion and heightens his or her
motivation.
[0152] Furthermore, notifications of deviations are output at
suitable intervals rather than every time the detected position of
the bar 11 deviates from the reference position. Consequently, it
is possible to prevent the notifications from annoying the trainee
or from lowering his or her motivation, and to provide the trainee
with a reasonable amount of advice and to ensure that the targeted
exercise is performed properly.
[0153] In addition, if a deviation of the trainee's movement is
detected, then the advance of the reference position is stopped
until the detected position of the bar 11 matches the stopped
reference position. This prevents the reference position and the
detected position from steadily becoming increasingly deviated from
one another, and prevents the trainee from losing his or her
motivation. In addition, stopping the advance of the reference
position and waiting for the trainee to catch up makes it possible
to stimulate the motivation of trainee, who may be feeling
fatigued.
Other Embodiments
[0154] The present invention includes a program for executing the
method discussed above on a computer as well as a computer readable
storage medium whereon that program is recorded. Herein, the
program may be downloadable. Examples of storage media include a
computer readable/writable flexible disk, a hard disk,
semiconductor memory, a CD-ROM, a DVD, and a magneto-optic disk
(MO).
[0155] The present invention can be adapted to a training apparatus
wherein a moving unit is repetitively moved.
General Interpretation of Terms
[0156] In understanding the scope of the present invention, the
term "configured" as used herein to describe a component, section
or part of a device includes hardware and/or software that is
constructed and/or programmed to carry out the desired function. In
understanding the scope of the present invention, the term
"comprising" and its derivatives, as used herein, are intended to
be open ended terms that specify the presence of the stated
features, elements, components, groups, integers, and/or steps, but
do not exclude the presence of other unstated features, elements,
components, groups, integers and/or steps. The foregoing also
applies to words having similar meanings such as the terms,
"including", "having" and their derivatives. Also, the terms
"part," "section," "portion," "member" or "element" when used in
the singular can have the dual meaning of a single part or a
plurality of parts. Finally, terms of degree such as
"substantially", "about" and "approximately" as used herein mean a
reasonable amount of deviation of the modified term such that the
end result is not significantly changed. For example, these terms
can be construed as including a deviation of at least .+-.5% of the
modified term if this deviation would not negate the meaning of the
word it modifies.
[0157] While only selected embodiments have been chosen to
illustrate the present invention, it will be apparent to those
skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and
modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope
of the invention as defined in the appended claims. Furthermore,
the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments according to the
present invention are provided for illustration only, and not for
the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended
claims and their equivalents.
* * * * *