U.S. patent application number 11/423779 was filed with the patent office on 2007-08-16 for power saving system for a handheld communication device.
This patent application is currently assigned to RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED. Invention is credited to Andrew BOCKING, Steven FYKE, Matthew LEE, David MAK-FAN.
Application Number | 20070188467 11/423779 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36677120 |
Filed Date | 2007-08-16 |
United States Patent
Application |
20070188467 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LEE; Matthew ; et
al. |
August 16, 2007 |
POWER SAVING SYSTEM FOR A HANDHELD COMMUNICATION DEVICE
Abstract
Method and arrangement that provides a power-saving mode for a
handheld electronic device. The power-saving mode is enabled
through disabling a sensor that detects motion of a ball of the
trackball navigation tool and disabling the display screen of the
handheld electronic device. The power-saving mode may be exited
before disablement of the sensor when the display screen is
disabled first.
Inventors: |
LEE; Matthew; (Belleville,
CA) ; BOCKING; Andrew; (Waterloo, CA) ;
MAK-FAN; David; (Waterloo, CA) ; FYKE; Steven;
(Waterloo, CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
NOVAK DRUCE & QUIGG, LLP;(RIM PROSECUTION)
1000 LOUISIANA STREET, 53RD FLOOR
HOUSTON
TX
77002
US
|
Assignee: |
RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED
Waterloo
CA
|
Family ID: |
36677120 |
Appl. No.: |
11/423779 |
Filed: |
June 13, 2006 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60773145 |
Feb 13, 2006 |
|
|
|
60773799 |
Feb 14, 2006 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
345/167 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 1/3215 20130101;
G06F 1/3259 20130101; G06F 3/04892 20130101; H04M 1/233 20130101;
Y10S 707/99942 20130101; G06F 3/038 20130101; H04M 2250/56
20130101; Y10S 707/99948 20130101; H04W 52/0254 20130101; G06F
3/03549 20130101; G06F 3/0481 20130101; G06F 1/1656 20130101; Y10S
707/99943 20130101; G06F 1/169 20130101; G06F 1/3287 20130101; Y02D
30/70 20200801; G06F 1/3228 20130101; G06F 3/04812 20130101; G06F
1/1662 20130101; G06F 1/1626 20130101; H04M 2250/12 20130101; Y10S
707/99944 20130101; Y02D 10/00 20180101; Y10S 707/99945 20130101;
G09G 2330/021 20130101; H04W 52/0267 20130101; H04W 52/027
20130101; G06F 1/1664 20130101; G06F 1/3203 20130101; G06F 3/0338
20130101; H04M 1/72403 20210101; G06F 1/3265 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
345/167 |
International
Class: |
G09G 5/08 20060101
G09G005/08; G06F 3/033 20060101 G06F003/033 |
Claims
1. A method for reducing power consumption during periods of
non-use by a handheld electronic device having a trackball
navigation tool exposed at a face thereof, said method comprising
effecting a power-saving mode by disabling a power-consuming sensor
that detects motion of a ball of the trackball navigation tool when
non-use of the device is determined.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said determination of non-use of
the device is based on a preselected period of time elapsing
between sensor-detected movements of the ball of the trackball
navigation tool.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said determination of non-use of
the device is based on user actuation of a preset key
combination.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said actuation of a preset key
combination comprises depressing and holding the ball of the ball
of the trackball navigation tool for longer than a preset time
period.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the power-consuming sensor is one
of a plurality of power-consuming sensors, each of which is
positioned adjacent the trackball navigation tool for determining
increments of rotation of the ball of the tool about a particular
axis of rotation.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein each of the power-consuming
sensors is a hall effect sensor.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the plurality of power-consuming
sensors number four and are arranged at ninety degree intervals
about the trackball navigation tool.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein disabling the power-consuming
sensor is effected by removing power supplied thereto and thereby
reducing power consumption by the device.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising disabling a display
screen of the handheld electronic device upon entering the
power-saving mode and thereby reducing power consumption by the
device.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising disabling a display
screen of the handheld electronic device upon entering the
power-saving mode and before disabling the power-consuming sensor
thereby instituting a display screen sleep mode which reduces power
consumption by the device.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising exiting the display
screen sleep mode when motion of the ball of the trackball
navigation tool is detected before disablement of the
power-consuming sensor is effected.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein power consumption is stepwise
reduced in degree with an initial amount of power-savings being
experienced from the institution of the display screen sleep mode
and an incremental increase in power-savings being experienced when
the power-consuming sensor is disabled.
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising restoring the device
to a use-mode in response to user actuation of a preset wakeup key
combination.
14. The method of claim 5, wherein said plurality of
power-consuming sensors produce x-direction signals and y-direction
signals based on sensed movement of the ball of the trackball
navigation tool and a processor analyzes the produced x-direction
signals and y-direction signals and outputs a cursor control signal
based thereupon.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein said each of the
power-consuming sensors is a hall effect sensor.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein said device further comprises a
radio transmitter capable of transmitting data to a communication
network utilizing radio frequency signals and a radio receiver
capable of receiving data from the communication network utilizing
radio frequency signals.
17. A handheld electronic device, comprising: a trackball
navigation tool having a freely rotatable ball exposed for user
manipulation at an exterior face of the device; a power-consuming
sensor capable of sensing movement of the ball of the trackball
navigation tool indicative of the user's desire to effect
corresponding cursor movement on a display screen of the device;
and a processor programmed to reduce power consumption during
periods of device non-use by instituting a power-saving mode that
disables the sensor when non-use of the device is determined.
18. The device of claim 17, further comprising: a keyboard suitable
for accommodating textual input to the handheld electronic device
located beneath a lighted display screen, said screen and said
keyboard being located at a front face of said device; and said
trackball navigation tool being located essentially between the
display and the keyboard.
19. The device of claim 17, wherein said determination of non-use
of the device is based on a preselected period of time elapsing
between sensor-detected movements of the ball of the trackball
navigation tool.
20. The device of claim 17, wherein said determination of non-use
of the device is based on user actuation of a preset key
combination.
21. The device of claim 20, wherein said actuation of the preset
key combination comprises depressing and holding the trackball
navigation tool for longer than a preset time period.
22. The device of claim 17, wherein the sensor is one of a
plurality of sensors, each of which is positioned adjacent the
trackball navigation tool for determining increments of rotation of
the ball of the tool about a particular axis of rotation.
23. The device of claim 22, wherein said each of the
power-consuming sensors is a hall effect sensor.
24. The device of claim 22, wherein the plurality of
power-consuming sensors number four and are arranged at ninety
degree intervals about the trackball navigation tool.
25. The device of claim 17, wherein disabling the power-consuming
sensor is effected by removing power supplied thereto and thereby
reducing power consumption by the device.
26. The device of claim 17, further comprising disabling a display
screen of the handheld electronic device upon entering the
power-saving mode and thereby reducing power consumption by the
device.
27. The device of claim 17, further comprising disabling said
lighted display screen of the handheld electronic device upon
entering the power-saving mode and before disabling the
power-consuming sensor thereby instituting a display screen sleep
mode which reduces power consumption by the device.
28. The device of claim 27, further comprising exiting the display
screen sleep mode when motion of the ball of the trackball
navigation tool is detected before disablement of the
power-consuming sensor is effected.
29. The device of claim 27, wherein the power consumption is
stepwise reduced in degree with an initial amount of power-savings
being experienced from the institution of the display screen sleep
mode and an incremental increase in power-savings being experienced
when the power-consuming sensor is disabled.
30. The device of claim 17, further comprising restoring the device
to a use-mode based on user actuation of a preset wakeup key
combination.
31. The device of claim 22, wherein said plurality of the
power-consuming sensors produce x-direction signals and y-direction
signals based on sensed movement of the ball of the trackball
navigation tool and a processor analyzes the produced x-direction
signals and y-direction signals and outputs a cursor control signal
based thereupon.
32. The device of claim 31, wherein said each of the
power-consuming sensors is a hall effect sensor.
33. The device of claim 17, further comprising a radio transmitter
capable of transmitting data to a communication network utilizing
radio frequency signals and a radio receiver capable of receiving
data from the communication network utilizing radio frequency
signals.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims the benefit of U.S.
Provisional Application Nos. 60/773,145 and 60/773,799 filed Feb.
13, 2006 and Feb. 14, 2006, respectively. Said applications are
expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
FIELD
[0002] This disclosure relates to a handheld electronic device with
a trackball, and more particularly, to saving power when
directional navigational sensors and a bright display are not
required.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Handheld electronic devices continue to become more
prevalent and advanced. One of the features that continues to
evolve is the navigation system of the handheld electronic device.
Several navigation tools have been used including trackwheels,
4-way navigational pads, and joysticks. In the present description,
a trackball is disclosed as a navigational tool.
[0004] The use of a trackball presents challenges and advantages
not before experienced in the design of navigational tools. Current
technology for trackballs utilizes pairs of sensors located about
the trackball for sensing rotational motion of the trackball which
is representative of the desired direction the user would like the
cursor to move on the screen. The trackball is also equipped with a
sensor for detecting that a selection is being made by the user
depressing the trackball.
[0005] Furthermore, handheld electronic devices are evolving into
smaller entities. With each new generation, these devices possess
greater functional capabilities and are more responsive to the
daily needs of their users. As reliance upon these devices grows,
the user demands immediate access to them. Consequently, users are
inclined to carry them in their pockets.
[0006] Since the trackball is exposed and rotates freely, it is
susceptible to unintentional and usually undesirable rotation. As
an example, this can occur when the user places the handheld
electronic device in his or her pocket and the rubbing of the
fabric against the trackball causes unintentional rolling of the
trackball. The undesirable nature of this occurrence is at least
partly attributable to the fact that actuation of a device's
navigation tool traditionally restores power to the screen (after
having entered a sleep mode) because it is usually interpreted as
an indication that the user wants to use the device in some
capacity. Therefore, if the trackball is frequently unintentionally
actuated, the screen will be lit unnecessarily, wasting battery
power.
[0007] As described above, in the instance of a trackball being
used as the navigation tool, sensors are required to detect motion
of the trackball. Therefore, in order to be able to detect
rollerball motion indicative of desired use, the sensors must
always be powered-on which consumes energy and reduces the energy
savings experienced because the screen has been put into sleep
mode.
[0008] In response to these needs and deficiencies, the presently
presented solutions have been developed in order to avoid the
unnecessary consumption of power in handheld devices that utilize
trackball navigation tools.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] Exemplary methods and arrangements conducted and configured
according to the advantageous solutions presented herein are
depicted in the accompanying drawings wherein:
[0010] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a handheld communication
device cradled in a user's hand;
[0011] FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an auxiliary input
in the form of a trackball;
[0012] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an exemplary
wireless handheld electronic device incorporating a trackball
assembly as at the auxiliary input;
[0013] FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method according to
the invetion;
[0014] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary QWERTY keyboard layout;
[0015] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary QWERTZ keyboard layout;
[0016] FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary AZERTY keyboard layout;
[0017] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary Dvorak keyboard layout;
[0018] FIG. 9 illustrates a QWERTY keyboard layout paired with a
traditional ten-key keyboard;
[0019] FIG. 10 illustrates ten digits comprising the numerals 0-9
arranged as on a telephone keypad, including the * and # astride
the zero;
[0020] FIG. 11 illustrates a numeric phone key arrangement
according to the ITU Standard E.161 including both numerals and
letters;
[0021] FIG. 12 is a front view of an exemplary handheld electronic
device including a full QWERTY keyboard;
[0022] FIG. 13 is a front view of another exemplary handheld
electronic device including a full QWERTY keyboard;
[0023] FIG. 14 is a front view of an exemplary handheld electronic
device including a reduced QWERTY keyboard;
[0024] FIG. 15 is an elevational view of the front face of another
exemplary handheld electronic device including a reduced QWERTY
keyboard;
[0025] FIG. 16 is a detail view of the reduced QWERTY keyboard of
device of FIG. 15;
[0026] FIG. 17 is a detail view of an alternative reduced QWERTY
keyboard; and
[0027] FIG. 18 is a block diagram representing a wireless handheld
communication device interacting in a communication network.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] As intimated hereinabove, one of the more important aspects
of the handheld electronic device to which this disclosure is
directed is its size. While some users will grasp the device in
both hands, it is intended that a predominance of users will cradle
the device in one hand in such a manner that input and control over
the device can be affected using the thumb of the same hand in
which the device is held. Therefore the size of the device must be
kept relatively small; of its dimensions, limiting the width of the
device is most important with respect to assuring cradleability in
a user's hand. Moreover, it is preferred that the width of the
device be maintained at less than ten centimeters (approximately
four inches). Keeping the device within these dimensional limits
provides a hand cradleable unit that users prefer for its
useability and portability. Limitations with respect to the height
(length) of the device are less stringent with importance placed on
maintaining device hand-cradleablability. Therefore, in order to
gain greater size, the device can be advantageously configured so
that its height is greater than its width, but still remain easily
supported and operated in one hand.
[0029] A potential problem is presented by the small size of the
device in that there is limited exterior surface area for the
inclusion of user input and device output features. This is
especially true for the "prime real estate" of the front face of
the device where it is most advantageous to include a display
screen that outputs information to the user and which is preferably
above a keyboard utilized for data entry into the device by the
user. If the screen is provided below the keyboard, a problem
occurs in being able to see the screen while inputting data.
Therefore it is preferred that the display screen be above the
input area, thereby solving the problem by assuring that the hands
and fingers do not block the view of the screen during data entry
periods.
[0030] To facilitate textual data entry, an alphabetic keyboard is
provided. In one version, a full alphabetic keyboard is utilized in
which there is one key per letter. This is preferred by some users
because it can be arranged to resemble a standard keyboard with
which they are most familiar. In this regard, the associated
letters can be advantageously organized in QWERTY, QWERTZ or AZERTY
layouts, among others, thereby capitalizing on certain users'
familiarity with these special letter orders. In order to stay
within the bounds of a limited front surface area, however, each of
the keys must be commensurately small when, for example, twenty-six
keys must be provided in the instance of the English language. An
alternative configuration is to provide a reduced keyboard in which
at least some of the keys have more than one letter associated
therewith. This means that fewer keys can be included which makes
it possible for those fewer keys to each be larger than in the
instance when a full keyboard is provided on a similarly
dimensioned device. Some users will prefer the solution of the
larger keys over the smaller ones, but it is necessary that
software or hardware solutions be provided in order to discriminate
which of the several associated letters the user intends based on a
particular key actuation; a problem the full keyboard avoids.
Preferably, this character discrimination is accomplished utilizing
disambiguation software accommodated within the device. As with the
other software programs embodied within the device, a memory and
microprocessor are provided within the body of the handheld unit
for receiving, storing, processing, and outputting data during use.
Therefore, the problem of needing a textual data input means is
solved by the provision of either a full or reduced alphabetic
keyboard on the presently disclosed handheld electronic device.
[0031] Keys, typically of a push-button or push-pad nature, perform
well as data entry devices but present problems to the user when
they must also be used to affect navigational control over a
screen-cursor. In order to solve this problem the present handheld
electronic device preferably includes an auxiliary input that acts
as a cursor navigational tool and which is also exteriorly located
upon the front face of the device. Its front face location is
particularly advantageous because it makes the tool easily
thumb-actuable like the keys of the keyboard. A particularly usable
embodiment provides the navigational tool in the form of a
trackball which is easily utilized to instruct two-dimensional
screen cursor movement in substantially any direction, as well as
act as an actuator when the ball of the trackball is depressible
like a button. The placement of the trackball is preferably above
the keyboard and below the display screen; here, it avoids
interference during keyboarding and does not block the user's view
of the display screen during use.
[0032] In some configurations, the handheld electronic device may
be standalone in that it is not connectable to the "outside world."
One example would be a PDA that stores such things as calendars and
contact information, but is not capable of synchronizing or
communicating with other devices. In most situations such isolation
will be detrimentally viewed in that at least synchronization is a
highly desired characteristic of handheld devices today. Moreover,
the utility of the device is significantly enhanced when
connectable within a system, and particularly when connectable on a
wireless basis in a system in which both voice and text messaging
are accommodated.
[0033] This disclosure describes methods and arrangements for
reducing power consumption during periods of non-use by a handheld
electronic device, variously configured as described above, and
particularly one in which a trackball is used to navigate through
the various screens of the device. A power-saving mode is enabled
through disablement of the sensor(s) that detect motion of a ball
of the trackball navigation tool and by also disabling the display
screen of the handheld electronic device. The power-saving mode may
be exited before disablement of the sensor when the display screen
is disabled first.
[0034] In one embodiment, the plurality of sensors numbers two. One
of the two sensors outputs signals indicative of x-component
rolling motion of the trackball relative to the handheld electronic
device and about the intersecting y-axis of the trackball. The
other of the two sensors outputs signals indicative of y-component
rolling motion of the trackball relative to the handheld electronic
device and about the intersecting x-axis of the trackball. In this
configuration, the two sensors are oriented circumferentially about
the trackball with approximately ninety degree spacing
therebetween. Each of the sensors may take the form of a hall
effect sensor located proximate the trackball. Other types of
sensors can be used as well including optical, capacitive, and
mechanical sensors.
[0035] In another embodiment, the plurality of sensors numbers
four. A first pair of opposed sensors output signals indicative of
x-component rolling motion of the trackball relative to the
handheld electronic device and about the intersecting y-axis. A
second pair of opposed sensors output signals indicative of a
y-component rolling motion of the trackball relative to the
handheld electronic device and about the intersecting x-axis. The
four sensors are oriented circumferentially about the trackball
with approximately ninety degree spacing between consecutive
sensors.
[0036] In accordance with the accompanying figures, exemplary
embodiments of the handheld electronic device 300 are capable of
reducing power consumption in a variety of ways, including
adjusting the display properties and disabling power-consuming
sensors 160, 162, 164, 166 that detect motion of a ball 150 of the
trackball navigation tool 328. Reference numeral 300 is used
throughout the disclosure to generally refer to exemplary handheld
devices, even where different specific embodiments are presented.
Similarly, reference numerals 160, 162, 164, and 166 are used
throughout to refer to the sensors, even where different specific
embodiments are being described, as is reference numeral 328, among
others.
[0037] As used herein, the term "handheld electronic device 300"
describes a relatively small device that is capable of being held
in a user's hand. It is a broader term that includes devices that
are further classified as handheld communication devices 300, which
interact with a communications network 319.
[0038] As depicted in FIG. 18, the handheld communication device
300 transmits data to and receives data from a communication
network 319 utilizing radio frequency signals, the details of which
are discussed more fully hereinbelow. Preferably, the data
transmitted between the handheld communication device 300 and the
communication network 319 supports voice and textual messaging,
though it is contemplated that the method for reducing power
consumption during periods of non-use is equally applicable to
single mode devices; i.e., voice-only devices and text-only
devices.
[0039] As may be appreciated from FIG. 1, the handheld electronic
device 300 includes a lighted display 322 located above a keyboard
332 suitable for accommodating textual input to the handheld
electronic device 300 when in an operable configuration.
Preferably, the screen 322 and keyboard 332 are located at the
front face of the handheld electronic device 300. As shown, the
device 300 is of unibody construction, but it is also contemplated
that the device may be of an alternative construction such as that
commonly known as "clamshell" or "flip-phone" style. Regardless, in
operable configuration of the device 300, the navigation tool
(auxiliary input) 328 is located essentially between the display
322 and the keyboard 332.
[0040] In one embodiment, the keyboard 332 comprises a plurality of
keys with which alphabetic letters are associated on
one-letter-per-key basis. It is contemplated that the keys may be
directly marked with letters, or the letters may be presented
adjacent, but clearly in association with a particular key. This
one-to-one pairing between the letters and keys is depicted in
FIGS. 12 and 13 and is described in greater detail below in
association therewith. In order to facilitate user input, the
alphabetic letters are preferably configured in a familiar QWERTY,
QWERTZ, AZERTY, or Dvorak layout, each of which is also discussed
in greater detail hereinbelow.
[0041] In the alternative embodiment of FIG. 1, the keyboard 332
comprises a plurality of keys with which alphabetic letters are
also associated, but at least a portion of the individual keys have
multiple letters associated therewith. This type of configuration
is referred to as a reduced keyboard (in comparison to the full
keyboard described immediately above) and can, among others come in
QWERTY, QWERTZ, AZERTY, and Dvorak layouts.
[0042] As depicted in FIG. 1, the auxiliary input 328 is a
trackball 150. The trackball 150 is exposed for user manipulation
at an exterior face of the device 300. The ball 150 of the
trackball navigation tool is freely rotatable. Motion of the
trackball 150 is assessed using a plurality of sensors 160, 162,
164, 166 that are positioned adjacent the trackball navigation tool
328 and determine increments of rotation of the ball 150 about a
particular axis of rotation. In a preferred embodiment, the sensors
160, 162, 164, 166 quantify rotational motion of the trackball 150
about an x-axis 152 and an intersecting y-axis 154 of the trackball
(see FIG. 2). The sensors 160, 162, 164, 166 require power to be
supplied to detect motion of the ball 150. These sensors 160, 162,
164, 166 further output a cursor control signal based upon the
sensed motion of the ball 150. Furthermore, the trackball 150
utilizes a sensor (not shown) to detect depression of the ball
150.
[0043] As illustrated in FIG. 4, when non-use of the device 300 has
been determined, the handheld electronic device 300 enters a
power-saving mode. As an example, non-use of the device 300 is
detected when neither the device's applications nor its features
have been utilized for a predetermined length of time. In yet
another embodiment, the determination of non-use of the device 300
is based on a preselected period of time elapsing between
sensor-detected movements of the ball 150 of the trackball
navigation tool 328. In another embodiment, a routine is used to
detect when the device 300 is placed into an environment where use
of the screen 322 and auxiliary input 328 is no longer required,
such as when the device 300 is placed in a holster or pocket of the
user. In yet another embodiment, the determination of non-use is
based on user actuation of a preset key combination; preferably
this is by depressing and holding the trackball navigation tool 328
for longer than a preset time period.
[0044] The key combination used to determine non-use of the device
300 can be preset or user definable. If a preset key combination is
implemented, the keys used to indicate non-use are a set of keys
that would not normally be entered by the user of the device 300.
The key combination may further involve selecting a feature from a
menu of items or an icon on the home screen of the device 300. The
user defined key combination preferably informs the user that the
device 300 is going into a non-use mode and allows exit thereof
when the preset key combination is entered.
[0045] In one embodiment, the invention features a method for
reducing power consumption during periods of non-use by the
handheld electronic device 300. This method involves a power-saving
mode that disables a sensor 160, 162, 164, 166 that, as described
above is used to detect motion of the ball 150 of the trackball
navigation tool 328. Furthermore, the power consumption can further
be reduced through the use of a display screen sleep mode.
Preferably, the screen sleep mode is instituted before disablement
of the sensors 160, 162, 164, 166. Thus, the power consumption is
stepwise reduced in degree by an initial amount attributable to the
institution of the display screen sleep mode. An incremental
increase in power-savings is experienced by disabling the sensors
160, 162, 164, 166.
[0046] Implementation of the power-savings mode is further
described in relation to the sensors 160, 162, 164, 166. When a
device 300 implements one or more sensors 160, 162, 164, 166 for
detecting movement of the trackball 150, power-savings can be
realized through disabling one or more of the available sensors
160, 162, 164, 166 on the device. Preferably, all sensors 160, 162,
164, 166 are disabled. When the sensors 160, 162, 164, 166 are
disabled, rolling motion of the ball 150 will not cause an exit
from the power-savings mode because no motion is recorded because
the sensors 160, 162, 164, 166 are disabled.
[0047] In a further embodiment, the method disables the display
screen 322 of the handheld 300 before disabling the sensor 160,
162, 164, 166. This is referred to as a display screen sleep mode
which reduces the power consumed by the device 300 because the
screen 322 is not consuming power. By first disabling the screen
322 and then disabling the sensor 160, 162, 164, 166 it is possible
to allow for an exit from the display screen sleep mode by moving
the ball 150 of the trackball navigation tool 328. Thus, when
motion of the ball 150 is detected before the sensor 160, 162, 164,
166 is effected, an exit from power-saving mode is effected. This
delay is appropriate to allow a user of the device 300 a chance to
abort entry into a power-saving mode, which may not be desired at
that time. Preferably, the user is informed of entry into this
power-savings mode by having the display 322 disabled before the
sensor 160, 162, 164, 166.
[0048] As further illustrated in FIG. 4, the screen sleep mode or
power-saving mode can be exited through the use of a predefined
routine. In a preferred embodiment, a preset wakeup key combination
is used to restore the device 300 to a use-mode. This preset wakeup
key combination can take the form of select button and "*" in
sequential order. Another preferred key combination is depressing
the trackball 150 and pressing "*" simultaneously or sequentially.
Other key combinations are considered within the scope of this
disclosure. Alternatively, the device 300 features a mechanism to
detect the proximity of a human digit in relation to the trackball.
When the digit is within a predefined distance from the trackball
150, the device 300 detects the presence of the digit and the
device 300 exits the power-saving mode.
[0049] In another embodiment, a method for power consumption
savings for a handheld electronic device 300 having a trackball
navigation tool 328 is presented. This involves entering a screen
sleep mode, receiving an input from one of the sensors 160, 162,
164, 166 associated with the trackball 150, and entering a low
power display mode. This low power display mode utilizes the
ability to reduce the intensity of the light of the screen 322 in
order to save power. Thus after the screen 322 was put into a sleep
mode in which the functionality of the device 300 continues to
operate and only the screen 322 is turned off, a selection input
will cause the screen 322 to enter the low power state where it
does not return to full brightness.
[0050] The input from the sensor used to exit the screen sleep mode
can be either a sensor 160, 162, 164, 166 or a selection sensor
(not shown). Thus if a sensor 160, 162, 164, 166 is used to exit
the screen sleep mode, a roll of the ball 150 such that it actuates
one of the plurality of sensors 160, 162, 164, 166 will exit the
screen sleep mode. However, if the input is from the selection
sensor merely rolling the ball 150 will not exit the screen sleep
mode. Using the selection sensor, will require a selection
actuation of the navigation tool 328 in order to exit the screen
sleep mode. Alternatively, other keys, combination of keys,
combination of a key and navigation tool, or combination thereof
may be used to exit the screen sleep mode.
[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the method of going from a power
save mode to a full power mode is shown. Once the power save mode
has been activated either by the user of the device 300 or by the
device 300 itself, the sensors 160, 162, 164, 166 are disabled.
When a detection of either a key press or depression (selection
operation) of the trackball 150 is made, the device is put into a
low power mode. Alternatively, one of the above described inputs
may be used to determine when to enter low power mode. Once the low
power mode has been entered, the sensors 160, 162, 164, 166 will be
activated again. Once another actuation of the trackball 150 or
keys is detected the device will then enter full power mode.
[0052] Yet another embodiment is a handheld electronic device 300
having a trackball navigation tool 328 and being adapted to reduce
power consumption during periods of non-use. The trackball
navigation tool 328 is the same as described above along with the
sensor 160, 162, 164, 166, which is able to effect corresponding
cursor movement on a display screen. The device 300 has a processor
338 that is capable of being programmed to reduce power consumption
during periods of non-use by instituting a power-saving mode that
disables the sensor 160, 162, 164, 166 when non-use of the device
300 is determined.
[0053] The handheld electronic device 300 in one embodiment makes
use of a standby mode to save power. This mode can be entered
either automatically by not detecting a level of activity for a
given period of time or through a key sequence. Some of the
examples of the key sequence that can be entered include depressing
the power button for a short amount of time (not long enough to
turn off the device) or depressing the mute key while not on a
phone call. This standby mode can likewise be exited through the
same set of key presses or a different set when standby mode is no
longer desired.
[0054] When the device 300 has entered the standby mode, the screen
322 is put into a sleep mode in which the screen 322 is no longer
illuminated. The screen 322 remains in this sleep mode unless the
keys required to exit standby mode are depressed. When entering the
standby mode, a message is presented on the display 322 informing
the user that a standby mode is going to be entered and the key
presses required to exit the mode. The device 300 will, however,
continue to receive messages and phone calls. If a phone call is
received by the device 300, it can be answered without exiting the
standby mode or by temporarily disabling the standby mode. Once the
phone call is finished the device 300 will again resume the standby
mode.
[0055] If the device 300 is subsequently put into a holster, the
device 300 will sense the holster position and this will override
the standby mode. Thus, when the device 300 is holstered while in
standby mode, it will respond based upon the holster settings for
the device 300. When removed from the holster it will resume normal
operation and ignore the earlier entered standby mode operation.
Likewise, if the device 300 is placed into standby mode and the
device 300 is also enabled with a security timeout mode, the device
300 will enter the security timeout mode at the appropriate time as
controlled through the security timeout mode.
[0056] The motion of the navigation tool 328 commands a cursor to
move on the display screen 322 of a handheld electronic device 300.
While "cursor" movement is referred to herein, it shall be
appreciated that any resultant motion that is directed by the
navigation tool 328 is contemplated. Other such motions include but
are not limited to scrolling down through a view on a webpage and
scrolling through menu options. It should be appreciated that all
such types of navigational motion on the display screen 322 is
exemplarily described herein in terms of a cursor (such as a
pointing arrow) movement across a display screen 322; however,
those persons skilled in the art will also appreciate that "cursor"
movement or navigation on a screen can also be descriptive of
successively highlighting presented menu items, screen icons and
the like.
[0057] Further aspects of the environments, devices and methods of
employment described hereinabove are expanded upon in the following
details. An exemplary embodiment of the handheld electronic device
300 as shown in FIG. 1 can be cradled in the palm of a user's hand.
The size of the device 300 is such that a user is capable of
operating the device using the same hand that is holding the
device. In a preferred embodiment, the user is capable of actuating
all features of the device 300 using the thumb of the cradling
hand. While in other embodiments, features may require the use of
more than just the thumb of the cradling hand. The preferred
embodiment of the handheld device 300 features a keyboard 332 on
the face of the device 300, which is actuable by the thumb of the
hand cradling the device 300. The user may also hold the device 300
in such a manner to enable two thumb typing on the device 300.
Furthermore, the user may use fingers rather than thumbs to actuate
the keys on the device 300. In order to accommodate palm-cradling
of the device 300 by the average person, it is longer (height as
shown in FIG. 1) than it is wide, and the width is preferably
between approximately two and three inches, but by no means limited
to such dimensions.
[0058] The handheld electronic device 300 includes an input portion
and an output display portion. The output display portion can be a
display screen 322, such as an LCD or other similar display
device.
[0059] The input portion includes a plurality of keys that can be
of a physical nature such as actuable buttons or they can be of a
software nature, typically constituted by virtual representations
of physical keys on a display screen (referred to herein as
"software keys"). It is also contemplated that the user input can
be provided as a combination of the two types of keys. Each key of
the plurality of keys has at least one actuable action which can be
the input of a character, a command or a function. In this context,
"characters" are contemplated to exemplarily include alphabetic
letters, language symbols, numbers, punctuation, insignias, icons,
pictures, and even a blank space. Input commands and functions can
include such things as delete, backspace, moving a cursor up, down,
left or right, initiating an arithmetic function or command,
initiating a command or function specific to an application program
or feature in use, initiating a command or function programmed by
the user and other such commands and functions that are well known
to those persons skilled in the art. Specific keys or other types
of input devices can be used to navigate through the various
applications and features thereof. Further, depending on the
application or feature in use, specific keys can be enabled or
disabled.
[0060] In the case of physical keys, all or a portion of the
plurality of keys have one or more indicia displayed at their top
surface and/or on the surface of the area adjacent the respective
key, the particular indicia representing the character(s),
command(s) and/or function(s) typically associated with that key.
In the instance where the indicia of a key's function is provided
adjacent the key, it is understood that this may be a permanent
insignia that is, for instance, printed on the device cover beside
the key, or in the instance of keys located adjacent the display
screen, a current indicia for the key may be temporarily shown
nearby the key on the screen.
[0061] In the case of software keys, the indicia for the respective
keys are shown on the display screen, which in one embodiment is
enabled by touching the display screen, for example, with a stylus
to generate the character or activate the indicated command or
function. Such display screens may include one or more touch
interfaces, including a touchscreen. A non-exhaustive list of
touchscreens includes, for example, resistive touchscreens,
capacitive touchscreens, projected capacitive touchscreens,
infrared touchscreens and surface acoustic wave (SAW)
touchscreens.
[0062] Physical and software keys can be combined in many different
ways as appreciated by those skilled in the art. In one embodiment,
physical and software keys are combined such that the plurality of
enabled keys for a particular application or feature of the
handheld electronic device 300 is shown on the display screen 322
in the same configuration as the physical keys. Thus, the desired
character, command or function is obtained by depressing the
physical key corresponding to the character, command or function
displayed at a corresponding position on the display screen, rather
than touching the display screen 322. To aid the user, indicia for
the characters, commands and/or functions most frequently used are
preferably positioned on the physical keys and/or on the area
around or between the physical keys. In this manner, the user can
more readily associate the correct physical key with the character,
command or function displayed on the display screen 322.
[0063] The various characters, commands and functions associated
with keyboard typing in general are traditionally arranged using
various conventions. The most common of these in the United States,
for instance, is the QWERTY keyboard layout. Others include the
QWERTZ, AZERTY, and Dvorak keyboard configurations of the
English-language alphabet.
[0064] The QWERTY keyboard layout is the standard English-language
alphabetic key arrangement 44 (see FIG. 5). In this configuration,
Q, W, E, R, T and Y are the letters on the top left, alphabetic
row. It was designed by Christopher Sholes, who invented the
typewriter. The keyboard layout was organized by him to prevent
people from typing too fast and jamming the keys. The QWERTY layout
was included in the drawing for Sholes' patent application in
1878.
[0065] The QWERTZ keyboard layout is normally used in
German-speaking regions. This alphabetic key arrangement 44 is
shown in FIG. 6. In this configuration, Q, W, E, R, T and Z are the
letters on the top left, alphabetic row. It differs from the QWERTY
keyboard layout by exchanging the "Y" with a "Z". This is because
"Z" is a much more common letter than "Y" in German and the letters
"T" and "Z" often appear next to each other in the German
language.
[0066] The AZERTY keyboard layout is normally used in
French-speaking regions. This alphabetic key arrangement 44 is
shown in FIG. 7. In this configuration, A, Z, E, R, T and Y are the
letters on the top left, alphabetic row. It is similar to the
QWERTY layout, except that the letters Q and A are swapped, the
letters Z and W are swapped, and the letter M is in the middle row
instead of the bottom one.
[0067] The Dvorak keyboard layout was designed in the 1930s by
August Dvorak and William Dealey. This alphabetic key arrangement
44 is shown in FIG. 8. It was developed to allow a typist to type
faster. About 70% of words are typed on the home row compared to
about 32% with a QWERTY keyboard layout, and more words are typed
using both hands. It is said that in eight hours, fingers of a
QWERTY typist travel about 16 miles, but only about 1 mile for the
Dvorak typist.
[0068] Alphabetic key arrangements in full keyboards and
typewriters are often presented along with numeric key
arrangements. An exemplary numeric key arrangement is shown in
FIGS. 5-8 where the numbers 1-9 and 0 are positioned above the
alphabetic keys. In another known numeric key arrangement, numbers
share keys with the alphabetic characters, such as the top row of
the QWERTY keyboard. Yet another exemplary numeric key arrangement
is shown in FIG. 9, where a numeric keypad 46 is spaced from the
alphabetic/numeric key arrangement. The numeric keypad 46 includes
the numbers "7", "8", "9" arranged in a top row, "4", "5", "6"
arranged in a second row, "1", "2", "3" arranged in a third row,
and "0" in a bottom row, consistent with what may be found on a
known "ten-key" computer keyboard keypad. Additionally, a numeric
phone key arrangement 42 is also known, as shown in FIG. 10.
[0069] As shown in FIG. 10, the numeric phone key arrangement 42
may also utilize a surface treatment on the surface of the center
"5" key. This surface treatment is such that the surface of the key
is distinctive from the surface of other keys. Preferably the
surface treatment is in the form of a raised bump or recessed
dimple 43. This bump or dimple 43 is typically standard on
telephones and is used to identify the "5" key through touch alone.
Once the user has identified the "5" key, it is possible to
identify the remainder of the phone keys through touch alone
because of their standard placement. The bump or dimple 43
preferably has a shape and size that is readily evident to a user
through touch. An example bump or dimple 43 may be round,
rectangular, or have another shape if desired. Alternatively,
raised bumps may be positioned on the housing around the "5" key
and do not necessarily have to be positioned directly on the key,
as known by those of skill in the art.
[0070] Handheld electronic devices 300 that include a combined
text-entry keyboard and a telephony keyboard are also known.
Examples of such mobile communication devices include mobile
stations, cellular telephones, wireless personal digital assistants
(PDAs), two-way paging devices, and others. Various keyboards are
used with such devices depending in part on the physical size of
the handheld electronic device 300. Some of these are termed full
keyboard, reduced keyboard, and phone key pads.
[0071] In embodiments of a handheld electronic device 300 having a
full keyboard, only one alphabetic character is associated with
each one of a plurality of physical keys. Thus, with an
English-language keyboard, there are at least 26 keys in the
plurality, one for each letter of the English alphabet. In such
embodiments using the English-language alphabet, one of the
keyboard layouts described above is usually employed, and with the
QWERTY keyboard layout being the most common.
[0072] One device that uses a full keyboard for alphabetic
characters and incorporates a combined numeric keyboard is shown in
FIG. 12. In this device, numeric characters share keys with
alphabetic characters on the top row of the QWERTY keyboard.
Another device that incorporates a combined alphabetic/numeric
keyboard is shown in FIG. 13. This device utilizes numeric
characters in a numeric phone key arrangement consistent with the
ITU Standard E.161, as shown in FIG. 10. The numeric characters
share keys with alphabetic characters on the left side of the
keyboard.
[0073] In order to further reduce the size of a handheld electronic
device 300 without making the physical keys or software keys too
small, some handheld electronic devices 300 use a reduced keyboard,
where more than one character/command/function is associated with
each of at least a portion of the plurality of keys. This results
in certain keys being ambiguous since more than one character is
represented by or associated with the key, even though only one of
those characters is typically intended by the user when activating
the key.
[0074] Thus, certain software usually runs on the processor of
these types of handheld electronic device 300 to determine or
predict what letter or word has been intended by the user.
Predictive text technologies can also automatically correct common
spelling errors. Predictive text methodologies often include a
disambiguation engine and/or a predictive editor application. This
helps facilitate easy spelling and composition, since the software
is preferably intuitive software with a large word list and the
ability to increase that list based on the frequency of word usage.
The software preferably also has the ability to recognize character
letter sequences that are common to the particular language, such
as, in the case of English, words ending in "ing." Such systems can
also "learn" the typing style of the user making note of frequently
used words to increase the predictive aspect of the software. With
predictive editor applications, the display of the device depicts
possible character sequences corresponding to the keystrokes that
were entered. Typically, the most commonly used word is displayed
first. The user may select other, less common words manually, or
otherwise. Other types of predictive text computer programs may be
utilized with the keyboard arrangement and keyboard described
herein, without limitation.
The multi-tap method of character selection has been in use a
number of years for permitting users to enter text using a touch
screen device or a conventional telephone key pad such as specified
under ITU E 1.161, among other devices. Multi-tap requires a user
to press a key a varying number of times, generally within a
limited period of time, to input a specific letter, thereby
spelling the desired words of the message. A related method is the
long tap method, where a user depresses the key until the desired
character appears on the display out of a rotating series of
letters.
[0075] A "text on nine keys" type system uses predictive letter
patterns to allow a user to ideally press each key representing a
letter only once to enter text. Unlike multi-tap which requires a
user to indicate a desired character by a precise number of presses
of a key, or keystrokes, the "text-on-nine-keys" system uses a
predictive text dictionary and established letter patterns for a
language to intelligently guess which one of many characters
represented by a key that the user intended to enter. The
predictive text dictionary is primarily a list of words, acronyms,
abbreviations and the like that can be used in the composition of
text.
[0076] Generally, all possible character string permutations
represented by a number of keystrokes entered by a user are
compared to the words in the predictive text dictionary and a
subset of the permutations is shown to the user to allow selection
of the intended character string. The permutations are generally
sorted by likelihood of occurrence which is determined from the
number of words matched in the predictive text dictionary and
various metrics maintained for these words. Where the possible
character string permutations do not match any words in the
predictive text dictionary, the set of established letter patterns
for a selected language can be applied to suggest the most likely
character string permutations, and then require the user to input a
number of additional keystrokes in order to enter the desired
word.
[0077] The keys of reduced keyboards are laid out with various
arrangements of characters, commands and functions associated
therewith. In regards to alphabetic characters, the different
keyboard layouts identified above are selectively used based on a
user's preference and familiarity; for example, the QWERTY keyboard
layout is most often used by English speakers who have become
accustomed to the key arrangement.
[0078] FIG. 14 shows a handheld electronic device 300 that carries
an example of a reduced keyboard using the QWERTY keyboard layout
on a physical keyboard array of twenty keys comprising five columns
and four rows. Fourteen keys are used for alphabetic characters and
ten keys are used for numbers. Nine of the ten numbers share a key
with alphabetic characters. The "space" key and the number "0"
share the same key, which is centered on the device and centered
below the remainder of the numbers on the keyboard 332. The four
rows include a first row 50, a second row 52, a third row 54, and a
fourth row 56. The five columns include a first column 60, a second
column 62, a third column 64, a fourth column 66, and a fifth
column 68. Each of the keys in the first row 50, second row 52, and
third row 54 is uniformly sized while the keys in the fourth,
bottom row 56 have different sizes relative to one another and to
the keys in the first three rows 50, 52, 54. The rows and columns
are straight, although the keys in the fourth row 56 do not align
completely with the columns because of their differing sizes. The
columns substantially align with the longitudinal axis x-x of the
device 300.
[0079] FIG. 15 shows a handheld electronic device 300 that has an
example physical keyboard array of twenty keys, with five columns
and four rows. A detailed view of the keyboard 332 is presented in
FIG. 16. Fourteen keys on the keyboard 332 are associated with
alphabetic characters and ten keys are associated with numbers. The
four rows include a first row 50, a second row 52, a third row 54,
and a fourth row 56. The five columns include a first column 60, a
second column 62, a third column 64, a fourth column 66, and a
fifth column 68. Many of the keys have different sizes than the
other keys, and the rows are non-linear. In particular, the rows
are V-shaped, with the middle key in the third column 64
representing the point of the V. The columns are generally
straight, but the outer two columns 60, 62, 66, 68 angle inwardly
toward the middle column 64. To readily identify the phone user
interface (the second user interface), the numeric phone keys 0-9
include a color scheme that is different from that of the remaining
keys associated with the QWERTY key arrangement.
[0080] In this example, the color scheme of the numeric phone keys
has a two tone appearance, with the upper portion of the numeric
keys being a first color and the lower portion of the numeric keys
being a second color. In the example, the upper portion of the keys
is white with blue letters and the lower portion of the keys is
blue with white letters. Most of the remaining keys associated with
the QWERTY key arrangement are predominantly the second, blue color
with white lettering. The first color may be lighter than the
second color, or darker than the second color. In addition, the
keyboard 332 includes a "send" key 6 and an "end" key 8. The "send"
key 6 is positioned in the upper left corner of the keyboard 332
and the "end" key 8 is positioned in the upper right corner. The
"send" key 6 and "end" key 8 may have different color schemes than
the remainder of the keys in order to distinguish them from other
keys. In addition, the "send" and "end" keys 6, 8 may have
different colors from one another. In the example shown, the "send"
key 6 is green and the "end" key 8 is red. Different colors may be
utilized, if desired.
[0081] FIG. 17 shows a similar format for the reduced QWERTY
arrangement of alphabetic characters 44 as presented in FIG. 14,
but the numeric phone key arrangement 42 is positioned in the first
60, second 62, and third 64 columns instead of being centered on
the keyboard 332. The first row 50 of keys includes in order the
following key combinations for the text entry and telephony mode:
"QW/1", "ER/2", "TY/3", "UI", and "OP". The second row 52 includes
the following key combinations in order: "AS/4", "DF/51", "GH/6",
"JK/,", and "L/.". The third row 54 includes the following key
combinations in order: "ZX/7", "CV/8", "BN/9", "M/sym" and
"backspace/delete". The fourth row 56 includes the following key
combinations in order: "next/*", "space/0", "shift/#", "alt" and
"return/enter". The keys in each of the rows are of uniform size
and the rows and columns are straight.
[0082] Another embodiment of a reduced alphabetic keyboard is found
on a standard phone keypad. Most handheld electronic devices 300
having a phone key pad also typically include alphabetic key
arrangements overlaying or coinciding with the numeric keys as
shown in FIG. 11. Such alphanumeric phone keypads are used in many,
if not most, traditional handheld telephony mobile communication
devices such as cellular handsets.
[0083] As described above, the International Telecommunications
Union ("ITU") has established phone standards for the arrangement
of alphanumeric keys. The standard phone numeric key arrangement
shown in FIGS. 10 (no alphabetic letters) and 11 (with alphabetic
letters) corresponds to ITU Standard E.161, entitled "Arrangement
of Digits, Letters, and Symbols on Telephones and Other Devices
That Can Be Used for Gaining Access to a Telephone Network." This
standard is also known as ANSI TI.703-1995/1999 and ISO/IEC
9995-8:1994. Regarding the numeric arrangement, it can be aptly
described as a top-to-bottom ascending order
three-by-three-over-zero pattern.
[0084] The table below identifies the alphabetic characters
associated with each number for some other phone keypad
conventions.
TABLE-US-00001 Mobile Phone Keypad Number on #11 #111 Key ITU E.161
Australia #1 (Europe) (Europe) 1 QZ ABC ABC 2 ABC ABC ABC DEF DEF 3
DEF DEF DEF GHI GHI 4 GHI GHI GHI JKL JKL 5 JKL JKL JKL MNO MNO 6
MNO MNO MN PQR PQR 7 PQRS PRS PRS STU STU 8 TUV TUV TUV VWX 9 WXYZ
WXY WXY XYZ YZ 0 OQZ
[0085] It should also be appreciated that other alphabetic
character and number combinations can be used beyond those
identified above when deemed useful to a particular
application.
[0086] As noted earlier, multi-tap software has been in use for a
number of years permitting users to enter text using a conventional
telephone key pad such as specified under ITU E 1.161 or on a touch
screen display, among other devices. Multi-tap requires a user to
press a key a varying number of times, generally within a limited
period of time, to input a specific letter associated with the
particular key, thereby spelling the desired words of the message.
A related method is the long tap method, where a user depresses the
key until the desired character appears on the display.
[0087] An exemplary handheld electronic device 300 is shown in the
assembly drawing of FIG. 3 and its cooperation in a wireless
network is exemplified in the block diagram of FIG. 18. These
figures are exemplary only, and those persons skilled in the art
will appreciate the additional elements and modifications necessary
to make the device work in particular network environments.
[0088] FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing some of the typical
components found in the assembly of the handheld electronic device
300. The construction of the device benefits from various
manufacturing simplifications. The internal components are
constructed on a single PCB (printed circuit board) 102. The
keyboard 332 is constructed from a single piece of material, and in
a preferred embodiment is made from plastic. The keyboard 332 sits
over dome switches (not shown) located on the PCB 102 in a
preferred embodiment. One switch is provided for every key on the
keyboard in the preferred embodiment, but in other embodiments more
than one switch or less than one switch per key are possible
configurations. The support frame 101 holds the keyboard 332 and
navigation tool 328 in place above the PCB 102. The support frame
101 also provides an attachment point for the display (not shown).
A lens 103 covers the display to prevent damage. When assembled,
the support frame 101 and the PCB 102 are fixably attached to each
other and the display is positioned between the PCB 102 and support
frame 101.
[0089] The navigation tool 328 is frictionally engaged with the
support frame 101, but in a preferred embodiment the navigation
tool 328 is removable when the device is assembled. This allows for
replacement of the navigation tool 328 if it becomes damaged or the
user desires replacement with a different type of navigation tool
328. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3, the navigation tool 328
is a trackball 150 based device. When the navigation tool 328 has a
trackball 150, the trackball 150 itself can be removed without
removal of the navigation tool 328. The removal of the trackball
150 is enabled through the use of an outer removable ring 123 and
an inner removable ring 122. These rings 122, 123 ensure that the
navigation tool 328 and the trackball 150 are properly held in
place against the support frame 101.
[0090] A serial port (preferably a Universal Serial Bus port) 330
and an earphone jack 140 are fixably attached to the PCB 102 and
further held in place by right side element 105. Buttons 130, 131,
132, 133 are attached to switches (not shown), which are connected
to the PCB 102.
[0091] Final assembly involves placing the top piece 107 and bottom
piece 108 in contact with support frame 101. Furthermore, the
assembly interconnects right side element 105 and left side element
106 with the support frame 101, PCB 102, and lens 103. These side
elements 105, 106 provide additional protection and strength to the
support structure of the device 300. In a preferred embodiment,
backplate 104 is removably attached to the other elements of the
device.
[0092] The block diagram of FIG. 18, representing the communication
device 300 interacting in the communication network 319, shows the
device's 300 inclusion of a microprocessor 338 which controls the
operation of the device 300. The communication subsystem 311
performs all communication transmission and reception with the
wireless network 319. The microprocessor 338 further connects with
an auxiliary input/output (I/O) subsystem 328, a serial port
(preferably a Universal Serial Bus port) 330, a display 322, a
keyboard 332, a speaker 334, a microphone 336, random access memory
(RAM) 326, and flash memory 324. Other communications subsystems
340 and other device subsystems 342 are generally indicated as
connected to the microprocessor 338 as well. An example of a
communication subsystem 340 is that of a short range communication
subsystem such as BLUETOOTH.RTM. communication module or an
infrared device and associated circuits and components.
Additionally, the microprocessor 338 is able to perform operating
system functions and preferably enables execution of software
applications on the communication device 300.
[0093] The above described auxiliary I/O subsystem 328 can take a
variety of different subsystems including the above described
navigation tool 328. As previously mentioned, the navigation tool
328 is preferably a trackball based device, but it can be any one
of the other above described tools. Other auxiliary I/O devices can
include external display devices and externally connected keyboards
(not shown). While the above examples have been provided in
relation to the auxiliary I/O subsystem, other subsystems capable
of providing input or receiving output from the handheld electronic
device 300 are considered within the scope of this disclosure.
[0094] In a preferred embodiment, the communication device 300 is
designed to wirelessly connect with a communication network 319.
Some communication networks that the communication device 300 may
be designed to operate on require a subscriber identity module
(SIM) or removable user identity module (RUIM). Thus, a device 300
intended to operate on such a system will include SIM/RUIM
interface 344 into which the SIM/RUIM card (not shown) may be
placed. The SIM/RUIM interface 344 can be one in which the SIM/RUIM
card is inserted and ejected.
[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the flash memory 324 is enabled
to provide a storage location for the operating system, device
programs, and data. While the operating system in a preferred
embodiment is stored in flash memory 324, the operating system in
other embodiments is stored in read-only memory (ROM) or similar
storage element (not shown). As those skilled in the art will
appreciate, the operating system, device application or parts
thereof may be loaded in RAM 326 or other volatile memory.
[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the flash memory 324 contains
programs/applications 358 for execution on the device 300 including
an address book 352, a personal information manager (PIM) 354, and
the device state 350. Furthermore, programs 358 and other
information 356 can be segregated upon storage in the flash memory
324 of the device 300. However, another embodiment of the flash
memory 324 utilizes a storage allocation method such that a program
358 is allocated additional space in order to store data associated
with such program. Other known allocation methods exist in the art
and those persons skilled in the art will appreciate additional
ways to allocate the memory of the device 300.
[0097] In a preferred embodiment, the device 300 is pre-loaded with
a limited set of programs that enable it to operate on the
communication network 319. Another program that can be preloaded is
a PIM 354 application that has the ability to organize and manage
data items including but not limited to email, calendar events,
voice messages, appointments and task items. In order to operate
efficiently, memory 324 is allocated for use by the PIM 354 for the
storage of associated data. In a preferred embodiment, the
information that PIM 354 manages is seamlessly integrated,
synchronized and updated through the communication network 319 with
a user's corresponding information on a remote computer (not
shown). The synchronization, in another embodiment, can also be
performed through the serial port 330 or other short range
communication subsystem 340. Other applications may be installed
through connection with the wireless network 319, serial port 330
or via other short range communication subsystems 340.
[0098] When the device 300 is enabled for two-way communication
within the wireless communication network 319, it can send and
receive signals from a mobile communication service. Examples of
communication systems enabled for two-way communication include,
but are not limited to, the GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
network, the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication Service)
network, the EDGE (Enhanced Data for Global Evolution) network, and
the CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) network and those networks
generally described as packet-switched, narrowband, data-only
technologies mainly used for short burst wireless data
transfer.
[0099] For the systems listed above, the communication device 300
must be properly enabled to transmit and receive signals from the
communication network 319. Other systems may not require such
identifying information. A GPRS, UMTS, and EDGE require the use of
a SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) in order to allow communication
with the communication network 319. Likewise, most CDMA systems
require the use of a RUIM (Removable Identity Module) in order to
communicate with the CDMA network. The RUIM and SIM card can be
used in multiple different communication devices 300. The
communication device 300 may be able to operate some features
without a SIM/RUIM card, but it will not be able to communicate
with the network 319. In some locations, the communication device
300 will be enabled to work with special services, such as "911"
emergency, without a SIM/RUIM or with a non-functioning SIM/RUIM
card. A SIM/RUIM interface 344 located within the device allows for
removal or insertion of a SIM/RUIM card (not shown). This interface
344 can be configured like that of a disk drive or a PCMCIA slot or
other known attachment mechanism in the art. The SIM/RUIM card
features memory and holds key configurations 351, and other
information 353 such as identification and subscriber related
information. Furthermore, a SIM/RUIM card can be enabled to store
information about the user including identification, carrier and
address book information. With a properly enabled communication
device 300, two-way communication between the communication device
300 and communication network 319 is possible.
[0100] If the communication device 300 is enabled as described
above or the communication network 319 does not require such
enablement, the two-way communication enabled device 300 is able to
both transmit and receive information from the communication
network 319. The transfer of communication can be from the device
300 or to the device 300. In order to communicate with the
communication network 319, the device 300 in a preferred embodiment
is equipped with an integral or internal antenna 318 for
transmitting signals to the communication network 319. Likewise the
communication device 300 in the preferred embodiment is equipped
with another antenna 316 for receiving communication from the
communication network 319. These antennae 316, 318 in another
preferred embodiment are combined into a single antenna (not
shown). As one skilled in the art would appreciate, the antenna or
antennae 316, 318 in another embodiment are externally mounted on
the device 300.
[0101] When equipped for two-way communication, the communication
device 300 features a communication subsystem 311. As is well known
in the art, this communication subsystem 311 is modified so that it
can support the operational needs of the device 300. The subsystem
311 includes a transmitter 314 and receiver 312 including the
associated antenna or antennae 316, 318 as described above, local
oscillators (LOs) 313, and a processing module 320 which in a
preferred embodiment is a digital signal processor (DSP) 320.
[0102] A signal received by the communication device 300 is first
received by the antenna 316 and then input into a receiver 312,
which in a preferred embodiment is capable of performing common
receiver functions including signal amplification, frequency down
conversion, filtering, channel selection and the like, and analog
to digital (A/D) conversion. The A/D conversion allows the DSP 320
to perform more complex communication functions such as
demodulation and decoding on the signals that are received by DSP
320 from the receiver 312. The DSP 320 is also capable of issuing
control commands to the receiver 312. An example of a control
command that the DSP 320 is capable of sending to the receiver 312
is gain control, which is implemented in automatic gain control
algorithms implemented in the DSP 320. Likewise, the communication
device 300 is capable of transmitting signals to the communication
network 319. The DSP 320 communicates the signals to be sent to the
transmitter 314 and further communicates control functions, such as
the above described gain control. The signal is emitted by the
device 300 through an antenna 318 connected to the transmitter
314.
[0103] It is contemplated that communication by the device 300 with
the wireless network 319 can be any type of communication that both
the wireless network 319 and device 300 are enabled to transmit,
receive and process. In general, these can be classified as voice
and data. Voice communication is communication in which signals for
audible sounds are transmitted by the device 300 through the
communication network 319. Data is all other types of communication
that the device 300 is capable of performing within the constraints
of the wireless network 319.
[0104] In the instance of voice communications, voice transmissions
that originate from the communication device 300 enter the device
300 though a microphone 336. The microphone 336 communicates the
signals to the microprocessor 338 for further conditioning and
processing. The microprocessor 338 sends the signals to the DSP 320
which controls the transmitter 314 and provides the correct signals
to the transmitter 314. Then, the transmitter 314 sends the signals
to the antenna 318, which emits the signals to be detected by a
communication network 319. Likewise, when the receiver 312 obtains
a signal from the receiving antenna 316 that is a voice signal, it
is transmitted to the DSP 320 which further sends the signal to the
microprocessor 338. Then, the microprocessor 338 provides a signal
to the speaker 334 of the device 300 and the user can hear the
voice communication that has been received. The device 300 in a
preferred embodiment is enabled to allow for full duplex voice
transmission.
[0105] In another embodiment, the voice transmission may be
received by the communication device 300 and translated as text to
be shown on the display screen 322 of the communication device 300.
The communication device 300 is also capable of retrieving messages
from a voice messaging service operated by the communication
network operator. In a preferred embodiment, the device 300
displays information in relation to the voice message, such as the
number of voice messages or an indication that a new voice message
is present on the operating system.
[0106] In a preferred embodiment, the display 322 of the
communication device 300 provides an indication about the identity
of an incoming call, duration of the voice communication, telephone
number of the communication device, call history, and other related
information. It should be appreciated that the above described
embodiments are given as examples only and one skilled in the art
may effect alterations, modifications and variations to the
particular embodiments without departing from the scope of the
application.
[0107] As stated above, the communication device 300 and
communication network 319 can be enabled to transmit, receive and
process data. Several different types of data exist and some of
these types of data will be described in further detail. One type
of data communication that occurs over the communication network
319 includes electronic mail (email) messages. Typically an email
is text based, but can also include other types of data such as
picture files, attachments and html. While these are given as
examples, other types of messages are considered within the scope
of this disclosure as well.
[0108] When the email originates from a source outside of the
device and is communicated to the device 300, it is first received
by the receiving antenna 316 and then transmitted to the receiver
312. From the receiver 312, the email message is further processed
by the DSP 320, and it then reaches the microprocessor 338. The
microprocessor 338 executes instructions as indicated from the
relevant programming instructions to display, store or process the
email message as directed by the program. In a similar manner, once
an email message has been properly processed by the microprocessor
338 for transmission to the communication network 319, it is first
sent to the DSP 320, which further transmits the email message to
the transmitter 314. The transmitter 314 processes the email
message and transmits it to the transmission antenna 318, which
broadcasts a signal to be received by a communication network 319.
While the above has been described generally, those skilled in this
art will appreciate those modifications which are necessary to
enable the communication device 300 to properly transmit the email
message over a given communication network 319.
[0109] Furthermore, the email message may instead be transmitted
from the device 300 via a serial port 330, another communication
port 340, or other wireless communication ports 340. The user of
the device 300 can generate a message to be sent using the keyboard
332 and/or auxiliary I/O 328, and the associated application to
generate the email message. Once the email message is generated,
the user may execute a send command which directs the email message
from the communication device 300 to the communication network 319.
In an exemplary embodiment, a keyboard 332, preferably an
alphanumeric keyboard, is used to compose the email message. In a
preferred embodiment, an auxiliary I/O device 328 is used in
addition to the keyboard 332.
[0110] While the above has been described in relation to email
messages, one skilled in the art could easily modify the procedure
to function with other types of data such as SMS text messages,
internet websites, videos, instant messages, programs and
ringtones. Once the data is received by the microprocessor 338, the
data is placed appropriately within the operating system of the
device 300. This might involve presenting a message on the display
322 which indicates the data has been received or storing it in the
appropriate memory 324 on the device 300. For example, a downloaded
application such as a game will be placed into a suitable place in
the flash memory 324 of the device 300. The operating system of the
device 300 will also allow for appropriate access to the new
application as downloaded.
[0111] Exemplary embodiments have been described hereinabove
regarding handheld electronic devices 300 and wireless handheld
communication devices 300 as well as the communication networks
within which they cooperate. It should be appreciated, however,
that a focus of the present disclosure is the enablement of
power-saving mode for a handheld electronic device 300.
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