U.S. patent application number 10/585249 was filed with the patent office on 2007-08-02 for multiple glazing with thermal and acoustic insulation.
This patent application is currently assigned to SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS FRANCE. Invention is credited to Marc Rehfeld.
Application Number | 20070175177 10/585249 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34684890 |
Filed Date | 2007-08-02 |
United States Patent
Application |
20070175177 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Rehfeld; Marc |
August 2, 2007 |
Multiple glazing with thermal and acoustic insulation
Abstract
A multiple glazing element including at least one pane of
laminated glass of two glass sheets that each have a thickness
between 1.5 and 2.5 mm, and a single thickness glass pane having a
thickness between 3 and 5 mm. The weight of the glazing element is
at least 30% less than the weight of an insulating glazing element
that includes at least two single thickness glass sheets separated
by a layer of gas having the same thickness as that of the multiple
glazing element, with a difference of sound reduction index between
the multiple glazing element and the insulating glazing element not
exceeding 3 dB.
Inventors: |
Rehfeld; Marc; (Ezanville,
FR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
OBLON, SPIVAK, MCCLELLAND, MAIER & NEUSTADT, P.C.
1940 DUKE STREET
ALEXANDRIA
VA
22314
US
|
Assignee: |
SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS FRANCE
"Les Miroirs", 18 avenue d'Alsace
Courbevoie
FR
F-92400
|
Family ID: |
34684890 |
Appl. No.: |
10/585249 |
Filed: |
December 15, 2004 |
PCT Filed: |
December 15, 2004 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/FR04/03229 |
371 Date: |
July 5, 2006 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/786.13 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B32B 17/10761 20130101;
E06B 3/6707 20130101; B32B 17/10045 20130101; B32B 17/10055
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
052/786.13 |
International
Class: |
E04C 2/54 20060101
E04C002/54 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jan 9, 2004 |
FR |
0400154 |
Claims
1-14. (canceled)
15. A multiple glazing element with heat and sound protection
properties mounted in a window, comprising: a first laminated glass
pane and at least one second single thickness glass pane, parallel
to the first laminated glass pane and separated from the first
laminated glass pane by a layer of gas, the first laminated glass
pane including at least two glass sheets joined together by at
least one plastic film, wherein the two glass sheets of the first
laminated glass pane each have a thickness between 1.5 and 2.5 mm,
the second single thickness glass pane has a thickness between 3
and 5 mm, and the weight of the glazing element is at least 30%
less than the weight of an insulating glazing element that includes
at least two sheets of single thickness glass separated by a layer
of gas having the same thickness as that of the multiple glazing
element, the difference between the weighted sound reduction index
R.sub.w of the multiple glazing element and the weighted sound
reduction index R.sub.w of the insulating glazing element with two
sheets of single thickness glass not exceeding 3 dB.
16. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, wherein
the weight of the multiple glazing element is at least 40% less
than the weight of the insulating glazing element with two sheets
of single thickness glass.
17. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, wherein
the difference between the weighted sound reduction index R.sub.w
of the multiple glazing element and the weighted sound reduction
index R.sub.w of the insulating glazing element with two sheets of
single thickness glass does not exceed 2 dB.
18. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, wherein
the weighted sound reduction index R.sub.w of the multiple glazing
element and the weighted sound reduction index R.sub.w of the
insulating glazing element with two sheets of single thickness
glass are equivalent.
19. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, wherein
the layers of gas have a thickness between 6 and 20 mm or of 12
mm.
20. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, wherein
the plastic film of the laminated glass pane has a thickness equal
to or greater than 0.38 mm.
21. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, wherein
the plastic film is a film with sound insulation properties.
22. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, wherein
the plastic film is associated with at least one other film
providing additional properties.
23. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, wherein at
least one of the glass sheets of the glazing element comprises at
least one functional coating.
24. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, comprising
a single thickness glass pane 3 mm thick, and a laminated glass
pane with two glass sheets each 2.1 mm thick.
25. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, comprising
a single thickness glass pane 4 mm thick, and a laminated glass
pane with two glass sheets each 1.6 mm thick.
26. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15, comprising
a single thickness glass pane 4 mm thick, and a laminated glass
pane with two glass sheets each 2.1 mm thick.
27. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15 for
production of glazing elements configured to be installed in
buildings.
28. The multiple glazing element as claimed in claim 15 for
production of vehicle glazing elements, or motor vehicle glazing
elements.
Description
[0001] The present invention concerns a multiple glazing element
for sound protection mounted in a window comprising a first
laminated glass pane and at least one second single thickness glass
pane, parallel to the first pane and separated from the latter by a
layer of gas, the glass sheets of the laminated pane being joined
together by at least one plastic film. Such glazing elements are
usually intended to be installed in buildings in order to reduce on
the inside the perception of outside noises and to provide heat
protection.
[0002] For several years, in many countries, the use of heat
insulating glazing elements has become widespread. Most frequently,
they consist of two panes of the same thickness, usually lying
between 2.5 and 4 mm, separated by a 6 to 16 mm layer of gas and
bonded on their periphery with the aid of varied mastics and where
appropriate metal sections. During the heating period, such glazing
elements improve the comfort of premises used for habitation, work
and leisure and significantly reduce the heat losses. With respect
to the sound insulation, a glazing element comprising a 4 mm pane,
a 12 mm gas layer and a 10 mm pane constitutes an appropriate
benchmark.
[0003] In order to satisfy certain heat or sound insulation
requirements, other types of glazing elements have already been
proposed that are multiple and laminated glazing elements. However,
the latter pose problems of weight and volume in relation to the
windows into which they are built. In particular, such glazing
elements are produced with single thickness glass panes that are
usually thicker than 8 mm and usually used laminated glass panes
that generally consist of glass sheets at least 4 mm thick. This
also produces multiple glazing elements that are extremely bulky
and heavier than average and in particular heavier than a benchmark
insulating glazing element such as is cited hereinabove.
[0004] The invention therefore aims to supply a glazing element to
provide heat and sound protection as effective as a benchmark
insulating glazing element or as a multiple and laminated glazing
element, without being so heavy.
[0005] The multiple glazing element according to the invention is
characterized in that the two glass sheets of the laminated glass
pane each have a thickness lying between 1.5 and 2.5 mm and the
single thickness glass pane has a thickness lying between 3 and 5
mm, and that the weight of the glazing element is at least 30% less
than the weight of an insulating glazing element which comprises at
least two sheets of single thickness glass separated by a layer of
gas having the same thickness as that of the multiple glazing
element, the difference between the weighted sound reduction index
R.sub.w of the multiple glazing element and the weighted sound
reduction index R.sub.w of said insulating glazing element with two
sheets of single thickness glass not exceeding 3 dB.
[0006] It shall be noted that throughout the description, the
numeric values given for the glass thicknesses are considered with
a 5% degree of uncertainty.
[0007] Preferably, the weight of the multiple glazing element is at
least 40% less than the weight of the insulating glazing element
with two sheets of single thickness glass.
[0008] Advantageously, the difference between the weighted sound
reduction index R.sub.w of the multiple glazing element and the
weighted sound reduction index R.sub.w of said insulating glazing
element with two sheets of single thickness glass does not exceed 2
dB, the indices possibly even being equivalent.
[0009] According to one feature, the layers of gas have a thickness
lying between 6 and 20 mm and preferably of 12 mm.
[0010] According to another feature, the plastic film of the
laminated glass pane has a thickness equal to or greater than 0.38
mm.
[0011] Advantageously, this plastic film is a film giving improved
sound insulation properties.
[0012] A film with improved sound insulation properties is called a
film fulfilling the criteria as defined in patents EP-B1-0 100 701
or EP-B1-0 844 075, in particular to provide good sound protection
against road or solid-borne noises.
[0013] In patent EP-B1-0 100 701, the film is selected such that a
strip 9 cm long and 3 cm wide, consisting of a laminated glass pane
comprising two glass sheets 4 mm thick joined together by a 2 mm
layer of this film, has a critical frequency that differs not more
than 35% from that of a strip of glass having the same length, the
same width and being 4 mm thick.
[0014] In patent EP-B1-0 844 075, the film insert is adopted when
it has a tan .delta. loss factor greater than 0.6 and a G' shear
modulus less than 2.10.sup.7 N/cm.sup.2, in a temperature range of
between 10 and 60.degree. C., in a frequency range between 50 and
10 000 Hz.
[0015] Or, it will be preferable, in order to choose a film with
improved sound insulation properties, to apply the selection
criteria of patent EP-B1-0 387 148, when it is preferred to provide
protection against aerodynamic noises. This European patent
proposes using a laminated glazing element whose insert has
.nu.=.DELTA.f/f.sub.c flexion damping greater than 0.15, the
measurement being taken while exciting by an impact, a strip 9 cm
long and 3 cm wide made of a laminated glass in which the resin is
between two panes each 4 mm thick, and while measuring the
resonance frequency of the first mode f.sub.c and the width of the
peak .DELTA.f at an amplitude of A/ 2 where A is the maximum
amplitude at frequency f.sub.c such that its sound reduction index
differs for none of the frequencies greater than 800 hertz by more
than 5 decibels from a benchmark index increasing by 9 dB per
octave up to 2000 Hz and by 3 dB per octave at the higher
frequencies.
[0016] According to another feature of the invention, the plastic
film is associated with at least one other film providing in
particular properties additional to those providing the
laminating.
[0017] Advantageously, at least one of the glass sheets of the
glazing element comprises at least one functional coating.
[0018] According to one embodiment of the glazing element, it
comprises a single thickness glass pane 3 mm thick, and a laminated
glass pane with two glass sheets each 2.1 mm thick.
[0019] According to a second embodiment of the glazing element, it
comprises a single thickness glass pane 4 mm thick, and a laminated
glass pane with two glass sheets each 1.6 mm thick.
[0020] According to a third embodiment of the glazing element, it
comprises a single thickness glass pane 4 mm thick, and a laminated
glass pane with two glass sheets each 2.1 mm thick.
[0021] In general, the glazing elements according to the invention
have dimensions of less than 2 m.sup.2 and are intended to be
installed in buildings or vehicles, such as motor vehicle glazing
elements.
[0022] Other advantages and features of the invention will now be
described in greater detail with reference to the appended drawings
in which:
[0023] FIG. 1 represents a multiple glazing element according to
the invention;
[0024] FIG. 2 illustrates the sound reduction index of different
glazing elements of the invention and of a benchmark insulating
glazing element.
[0025] The multiple glazing element 1 illustrated in FIG. 1
comprises a laminated glass pane 10 and a single thickness glass
pane 20, these panes being separated by a layer of gas 30 such as a
layer of air, and assembled in a sealed manner by means known to
those skilled in the art.
[0026] The single thickness glass pane 20 has a thickness lying
between 3 and 5 mm.
[0027] The laminated glass pane consists of at least two glass
sheets 11 and 12 separated and secured to one another by a sheet of
plastic material 13.
[0028] Each glass sheet has a thickness lying between 1.5 and 2.5
mm.
[0029] The sheet 13 is at least 0.38 mm thick. This sheet is for
example made of polyvinylbutyral (PVB) with improved sound
insulation properties, or of normal PVB which does not have such
sound insulation properties.
[0030] Naturally, the glazing element may comprise, on one or more
of its constituent glass sheets, functional coatings of the thin
layer type, for example, for anti-scratch protection, protection
against UV rays, glazing element coloration. In addition, the
plastic film 13 may be associated with at least one other film
providing in particular additional properties (colors, anti-UV,
light diffusion, etc.).
[0031] The glazing element of the invention has sound insulation
properties equivalent or substantially equivalent, that is to say
not exceeding a difference of 1 dB in sound reduction index, to a
usual benchmark insulating glazing element which comprises at least
two glass sheets separated by a layer of gas identical to the layer
of gas 30, the weight of the glazing element of the invention being
at least 30% less than the weight of the benchmark insulating
glazing element, preferably at least 40% less. It will be noted
that the weight of the insert is considered negligible.
[0032] Benchmark insulating glazing element No. 0 is a type 4 (12)
10 glazing element, that is to say comprising a 4 mm glass sheet, a
12 mm gas layer and a 10 mm glass sheet.
[0033] This benchmark glazing element is particularly effective
because it has a weighted sound reduction index R.sub.w of 38 dB,
compared with an insulating glazing element of the same
constitution but with 3 mm glass sheets and a gas layer of
identical thickness, for which the reduction index R.sub.w is only
32 dB.
[0034] It should be remembered that the sound reduction index is
measured according to the ISO 140 standard in an installation
complying with said standard on glazing element samples with
dimensions of 800 mm.times.500 mm, and the weighted index R.sub.w
subsequently calculated according to the ISO 717 standard.
[0035] Examples of glazing elements of the invention are as
follows: [0036] Glazing element No. 1 is type 3 (12) 2.1-2.1: it
comprises one 3 mm glass sheet 20, one 12 mm gas layer 30, two
glass sheets 11 and 12 of laminate each 2.1 mm thick separated by a
sheet of PVB with improved sound insulation properties 0.38 mm
thick.
[0037] In the rest of the description, the glazing elements of the
invention are numbered in this manner, the PVB sheet separating the
laminate being 0.38 mm thick. [0038] Glazing element No. 2 is of
type 4 (12) 1.6-1.6 with PVB with improved sound insulation
properties. [0039] Glazing element No. 3 is of type 4 (12) 2.1-2.1
with PVB with improved sound insulation properties. [0040] Glazing
element No. 4 is of type 4 (12) 2.1-2.1 with normal PVB. [0041]
Glazing element No. 5 is of type 3 (12) 1.6-1.6 with PVB with
improved sound insulation properties.
[0042] The table below gives at 21.degree. C. the sound reduction
indices over the frequency range from 100 to 5000 Hz of glazing
elements No. 0 to No. 5.
[0043] Also given at the bottom of the table, according to the ISO
717-1 standard, are the weighted reduction index R.sub.w and the
two adaptation terms C and C.sub.tr. TABLE-US-00001 Glazing Glazing
Glazing Glazing Glazing Glazing element element element element
element element Frequency No. 0 No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 (Hz)
(dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) 100 20.4 19.0 19.7 18.8 18.9 19.0 125
18.0 18.0 18.8 17.6 17.9 17.9 160 19.5 20.3 20.7 19.8 20.4 20.7 200
28.9 23.2 24.8 25.6 27.4 23.5 250 35.3 29.0 27.3 28.2 23.7 28.0 315
36.1 31.2 32.3 33.8 32.4 28.3 400 35.7 31.0 32.8 33.9 32.6 28.4 500
35.7 32.5 33.0 34.3 32.1 30.4 630 37.6 36.3 38.0 38.9 37.1 35.5 800
38.6 39.6 39.3 40.0 36.9 38.8 1000 38.1 40.5 41.7 42.3 39.9 40.3
1250 39.5 42.4 43.1 43.7 41.3 42.3 1600 39.1 44.5 44.1 44.8 41.6
44.2 2000 41.2 45.7 44.5 42.2 42.2 45.7 2500 41.6 46.2 43.6 44.2
40.5 46.4 3150 40.6 45.1 42.9 43.2 37.5 45.6 4000 42.2 42.6 44.4
42.5 38.2 43.5 5000 44.0 42.7 43.7 42.6 41.6 43.0 R.sub.w (C;
C.sub.tr) 38 (-2; -6) 37 (-1; -6) 38 (-2; -6) 38 (-2; -6) 37 (-2;
-6) 36 (-1; -5)
[0044] The curves in FIG. 2 reproduce the sound reduction index
measurement points from 100 to 5000 Hz in the table above. It will
be noted that the glazing elements of the invention have an sound
insulation behavior every bit as effective as the benchmark
insulating glazing element.
[0045] The table below summarizes, for each of glazing elements No.
1 to No. 5 and for the benchmark glazing element No. 0, the values
of the weighted sound reduction index and the percentage weight
reduction of the glazing elements of the invention compared with
the benchmark glazing element. TABLE-US-00002 Glazing element
Reduction index R.sub.w (dB) Weight reduction in % No. 0 38 -- No.
1 37 48.6% No. 2 38 48.6% No. 3 38 41.4% No. 4 37 41.4% No. 5 36
55.7%
[0046] It can be seen that by reducing the weight of the glazing
element by more than 30%, even by at least 40%, relative to the
weight of a usual benchmark insulating glazing element, a fully
comparable sound reduction index is obtained. Glazing elements of
the No. 2 or No. 3 type comprising the single thickness 4 mm glass
pane and including the PVB with improved sound insulation
properties may be preferred.
[0047] Furthermore, the thicknesses of the glass of the single
thickness glass pane (from 3 to 5 mm) and of the laminated glass
pane (from twice 1.5 mm to twice 2.5 mm) are such that the greatest
ratio of the extremes equals 1.7 (that is 5/(2.times.1.5) or
(2.times.2.5)/3). Consequently, the imbalance in weight on one side
of the glazing element relative to the other side does not exceed a
factor of 2, whereas for example the benchmark glazing element has
an imbalance ratio of 2.5 (10/4). Also, assembly of the single
thickness glass pane to the laminated glass pane is more
convenient; there is no need to position the heavier pane
underneath and wait until all the seals providing leaktightness and
the mechanical rigidity is finished before carrying out
installation. In addition, the glazing element is easier to
handle.
* * * * *