U.S. patent application number 11/584393 was filed with the patent office on 2007-04-26 for single and dual disposable hydration system.
Invention is credited to Christopher J. Benham.
Application Number | 20070090135 11/584393 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 37984395 |
Filed Date | 2007-04-26 |
United States Patent
Application |
20070090135 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Benham; Christopher J. |
April 26, 2007 |
Single and dual disposable hydration system
Abstract
A bladder assembly (14) for a hydration system (10) includes a
flexible disposable bladder (15, 17) for fluid containment. The
bladder (15, 17) has an inner layer (372), a lamination layer (374)
and an exterior structural layer (376). An output connector (52) is
sealed to the bladder (15, 17) and is adaptable to a fluid
distribution circuit (22) of the hydration system (10). A valve
assembly (66) for a hydration system (10) includes an outer member
(70), a housing (72) and fluid line attachments (93). An inner
member (80) rotates within the outer member (70). The inner member
(80) has fluid flow adjustment portions (92, 94) that are
associated with the fluid line attachments (93). A position
selector (86) is position adjustable to select incremental
positions of each of the fluid flow adjustment portions (93)
relative to the outer member (70). The position selector (86)
includes a position indicator (100, 102) that indicates the
incremental position of the fluid flow adjustment portions
(93).
Inventors: |
Benham; Christopher J.;
(Boulder, CO) |
Correspondence
Address: |
HARNESS, DICKEY & PIERCE, P.L.C.
P.O. BOX 828
BLOOMFIELD HILLS
MI
48303
US
|
Family ID: |
37984395 |
Appl. No.: |
11/584393 |
Filed: |
October 20, 2006 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60730136 |
Oct 25, 2005 |
|
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|
Current U.S.
Class: |
224/148.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A45F 3/20 20130101; A45F
3/04 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
224/148.2 |
International
Class: |
A45F 3/16 20060101
A45F003/16 |
Claims
1. A bladder assembly for a hydration system comprising: at least
one flexible disposable bladder for fluid containment comprising:
an inner layer a lamination layer; and an exterior structural
layer; and an output connector sealed to said at least one flexible
disposable bladder and adaptable to a fluid distribution circuit of
the hydration system.
2. The bladder assembly of claim 1 further comprising a cap, said
output connector adaptable to said cap.
3. The bladder assembly of claim 1 wherein said inner layer
comprises at least one material selected from polycarbonate,
high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and
polypropylene.
4. The bladder assembly of claim 1 wherein said inner layer
comprises linear low-density polyethylene.
5. The bladder assembly of claim 1 wherein said inner layer
comprises a tasteless and odorless material.
6. The bladder assembly of claim 1 wherein said inner layer is an
anti-microbial material free layer.
7. The bladder assembly of claim 1 wherein said lamination layer
comprises an epoxy adhesive.
8. The bladder assembly of claim 1 wherein said exterior structural
layer comprises nylon.
9. The bladder assembly of claim 1 wherein thickness of said at
least one flexible disposable bladder is approximately between
0.0045-0.0065 inches.
10. The bladder assembly of claim 1 wherein thickness of said
interior layer is approximately 0.0045 inches and wherein thickness
of said exterior structural layer is approximately 0.001
inches.
11. A valve assembly for a hydration system having at least one
fluid bladder and a plurality of fluid lines coupled to said at
least one fluid bladder, said valve assembly comprising: an outer
member comprising: a housing; and a plurality of fluid line
attachments coupled to said housing and adaptable to said plurality
of fluid lines; an inner member that rotates within said outer
member, said inner member comprising a plurality of fluid flow
adjustment portions associated with said plurality of fluid line
attachments; a position indicator; and a position selector coupled
to said position indicator and adjustable to select a plurality of
incremental positions of each of said plurality of fluid flow
adjustment portions relative to said outer member; said position
indicator indicating position of said plurality of fluid flow
adjustment portions based on said selection.
12. The valve assembly of claim 11 wherein said outer member
includes a mouthpiece.
13. The valve assembly of claim 11 wherein said plurality of
incremental positions comprise a range of positions between ON and
OFF.
14. The valve assembly of claim 11 wherein said plurality of fluid
flow portions comprise openings in said inner member.
15. The valve assembly of claim 11 wherein said plurality of fluid
flow portions comprise internal channels.
16. The valve assembly of claim 11 wherein said position indicator
comprises a user feel indicator that is position and rotation
discernable based on touch.
17. The valve assembly of claim 11 wherein said position indicator
comprises at least one of a notch, a tab, a sprocket, a stopper, a
clicker, and a ticker.
18. A hydration system comprising: a fluid distribution circuit
comprising: a valve assembly; a plurality of fluid lines coupled to
said valve assembly; and a fluid interface coupled to said
plurality of fluid lines; at least one flexible disposable body for
fluid containment comprising: an inner layer; a lamination layer;
and an exterior structural layer; an output connector sealed to
said flexible disposable body and adaptable to and forming a
plurality of seals with said fluid interface.
19. The hydration system of claim 18 comprising a plurality of
flexible disposable bodies and a carry pack having a plurality of
individually accessible sections, each of said sections containing
at least one of said flexible disposable bodies.
20. The hydration system of claim 18 wherein said output connector
comprises a different material makeup than said cap and said fluid
interface.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application No. 60/730,136, filed on Oct. 25, 2005, entitled
"Recreational Hydration System". The disclosure of the above
application is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to hydration systems, and
more particularly to the fluid selection and control therefrom, as
well as to the disposability, use, care, costs and cleanliness
thereof.
BACKGROUND
[0003] The background description provided herein is for the
purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work
of the presently named inventor, to the extent it is described in
this background section, as well as aspects of the description that
may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are
neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the
present disclosure.
[0004] Sports hydration systems are commonly utilized for biking,
hiking, running, mountain climbing, and other long distance
sporting activities. The hydration systems provide fluids to a
carrier, such as an athlete, or a sportsperson, for hydration and
nutrition supplement purposes. The fluids received by the hydration
systems rejuvenate and reenergize the carrier. The fluids include
water and other alternative fluids, such as electrolyte containing
sport drinks, which can provide performance-enhancing elements.
[0005] It has become desirable to provide more than one fluid from
a hydration system. For example, a hydration system may provide
both water and an electrolyte containing sport drink. U.S. Pat. No.
6,749,090 by Bailey entitled, "Dual Bladder Sports Hydration
System" provides such a system (hereinafter "the '090 patent"). The
'090 patent provides two bladders that are attached to a valve via
a pair of tubes. The valve is a dual flow valve or a pinch valve.
The dual flow valve allows one to select only one of the two fluids
at any given time. The pinch valve allows one to select both fluids
at a given time. However, the pinch valve, due to its design, has
associated disadvantages.
[0006] The pinch valve, in general, is a `Y`-shaped design that
includes a pair of inlet tubes and a single outlet tube. A valve is
attached to the inlet tubes and respectively pinches the inlet
tubes in the selection of the fluids. As such, over time the inlet
tubes, within the pinch valve, breakdown and thus need to be
replaced. This typically requires the replacement of the whole
corresponding hydration system, which can be costly. The pinch
valve design can also be awkward to operate and inaccurate in fluid
selection. The pinch valve does not allow for the accurate
selection of desired fluid ratios or percentages. Moreover, the
pinch valve includes many components and thus is complex in
design.
[0007] There are other associated disadvantages with current
hydration systems. One such disadvantage is that the fluid bladders
of the systems require cleaning after each use to prevent
bacterial/fungal growth and to maintain a sterile environment
within the bladders. This requires the filling of the bladders with
a solution containing bleach, baking soda, soap or other cleanser,
which can be tedious and time consuming. Furthermore, due to the
current designs of the bladders and the difficulty in cleaning such
bladders, the bladders tend not to become fully cleansed or
sterilized. Thus, due to fungus or other bacterial growth the
bladders are disposed, which typically includes the disposal of the
whole hydration system. Another inherent flaw is that when the
bladder tears or has a hole, the entire bladder system is unusable
and thus is disposed.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 6,722,533 by Skillern, entitled "Hydration
Pouch with Detachable Hose" provides a hydration system with a
fitting assembly that includes several elements, one of which being
a check valve. The fitting assembly allows for the separation of
the bladder or pouch from a fluid conduit and a bite-valve for
improved cleaning and somewhat selective disposal of hydration
system components. Thus, although the pouch may be separately
disposed, the pouch is not designed specifically for disposal and
as such is relatively expensive. Also, the fitting assembly is
complex and, due to the tooling and manufacturing costs associated
therewith, is also relatively expensive. For these reasons, the
widespread use of such a hydration system has not occurred.
[0009] In addition, current hydration systems often use
anti-microbial materials, an example of which is silver, to prevent
the growth of bacteria within a fluid bladder. The anti-microbial
materials are impregnated into the bladder material. This
impregnation also increases bladder and system costs.
[0010] Thus, there exists a need for an improved hydration system
that overcomes the above-stated disadvantages.
SUMMARY
[0011] One embodiment of the present invention provides a bladder
assembly for a hydration system. The bladder assembly includes a
flexible disposable bladder, which may be multi-layered, for fluid
containment and an output connector. The bladder has an inner
layer, a lamination layer and an exterior structural layer. The
output connector is sealed to the flexible disposable bladder and
is adaptable to a fluid distribution circuit of the hydration
system.
[0012] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a valve
assembly for a hydration system that has a fluid bladder and
multiple fluid lines, which are connected to the fluid bladder. The
valve assembly includes an outer member with a housing and multiple
fluid line attachments. The fluid line attachments are connected to
the housing and are adaptable to the fluid lines. An inner member
rotates within the outer member. The inner member includes multiple
fluid flow adjustment portions that are associated with the fluid
line attachments. A position selector is connected to the inner
member and is position adjustable to select multiple incremental
positions of each of the adjustment portions relative to the outer
member. A position indicator indicates the incremental position of
the adjustment portions.
[0013] A further embodiment of the present invention provides a
hydration system that includes a fluid distribution circuit, a
flexible disposable body, and an output connector. The fluid
distribution circuit includes a valve assembly, multiple fluid
lines, which are connected to the valve assembly, and a fluid
interface that is connected to the fluid lines. A flexible
disposable body for fluid containment includes an inner layer, a
lamination layer and an exterior structural layer. An output
connector is sealed to the flexible disposable body and is
adaptable to and forms multiple seals with the fluid interface.
[0014] Other embodiments of the present invention are described in
the Detailed Description below and shown in the accompanying FIGS.
1-21.
[0015] The embodiments of the present invention provide several
advantages. One advantage provided by an embodiment of the present
invention is the use of one or more fluid bladders, which are
lightweight, inexpensive, design disposable, anti-microbial free,
environmentally safe, food and drug administration approvable
(FDA), flexible and durable.
[0016] Another advantage provided by another embodiment of the
present invention is the use of one or more fluid bladders that
have an odorless, tasteless, water insoluble and water inadhereable
inner liner. This prevents solvents from within the materials or
lining of the fluid bladders from entering any fluid contained
therein.
[0017] Yet anther advantage provided by another embodiment of the
present invention is a mouthpiece/valve that provides easy, quick
and precise fluid ratio selection of fluids contained within a
hydration system.
[0018] Still another advantage provided by another embodiment of
the present invention is a hydration carry pack that provides
individually accessible compartments for easy and quick replacement
of fluid bladders contained therein.
[0019] As well, another advantage provided by another embodiment of
the present invention is a fluid bladder connector assembly that is
simple and inexpensive in design, but yet provides quick filling
times and large output volumes, as well as multiple seals for leak
prevention.
[0020] The embodiments of the present invention are versatile in
that they may be applied in various combinations and in various
applications. Other advantages of the present invention will become
apparent in review of the following description and accompanying
Figures.
[0021] Also, further areas of applicability of the present
disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description
provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed
description and specific examples are intended for purposes of
illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the
disclosure.
DRAWINGS
[0022] The present disclosure will become more fully understood
from the Detailed Description and the accompanying drawings,
wherein:
[0023] FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a hydration system
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] FIG. 2A is a front view of a bladder having a front fill
port according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] FIG. 2B is a front view of a bladder having a single
fill/output port according to an embodiment of the present
invention;
[0026] FIG. 3 is a side exploded view of a hydration system valve
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] FIG. 4A is a side view of the valve of FIG. 3 illustrating a
first fluid selection;
[0028] FIG. 4B is a side view of the valve of FIG. 3 illustrating a
second fluid selection;
[0029] FIG. 5 is a front perspective view of a hydration system
valve according to another embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] FIG. 6 is a front perspective of the valve of FIG. 5
illustrating the inner mechanical relationships of the elements
thereof;
[0031] FIG. 7 is a side view of a hydration system valve according
to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a hydration system valve
according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] FIG. 9 is a front view of a bladder illustrating a quick
release fill cap system according to an embodiment of the present
invention;
[0034] FIG. 10 is a side view of a quick release connector assembly
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0035] FIG. 11 is a side view of a quick release connector assembly
according to another embodiment of the present invention;
[0036] FIG. 12A is a side exploded view of a hydration system valve
according to another embodiment of the present invention;
[0037] FIG. 12B is a side view of the valve of FIG. 12A;
[0038] FIG. 13 is a side view of an output connector according to
an embodiment of the present invention;
[0039] FIG. 14 is a side view of a fluid circuit connector assembly
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0040] FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a bladder output mechanism
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0041] FIG. 16 is a bottom view of the output mechanism of FIG.
15;
[0042] FIG. 17 is a front view of bladder having the output
mechanism of FIG. 15 according to an embodiment of the present
invention;
[0043] FIG. 18A is a front view of a bladder illustrating a bottom
positioned output connector according to an embodiment of the
present invention;
[0044] FIG. 19 is a front view of a bladder illustrating a lower
corner mounted output connector according to an embodiment of the
present invention;
[0045] FIG. 20A is top perspective view of an output connector
assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0046] FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional perspective view of the output
connector assembly of FIG. 20A;
[0047] FIG. 20C is a top perspective view illustrating a cap for
the output connector assembly of FIG. 20A; and
[0048] FIG. 21 is a side cross-sectional view of a fluid bladder
wall segment according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0049] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and
is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or
uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings,
corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding
parts and features.
[0050] In the following description, various operating parameters
and components are described for one or more constructed
embodiments. These specific parameters and components are included
as examples and are not meant to be limiting.
[0051] The present invention may be applied to hydration systems
utilized for biking, hiking, camping, fishing, hunting, running,
and various other recreational activities. The present invention
may also be applied to hydration systems utilized for
non-recreational activities, such as in military applications. The
present invention may be utilized in a working environment, in an
emergency situation, for those who have experienced a natural
disaster, such as a hurricane or tornado, or for other various
purposes. Although the hydration systems and elements thereof and
described herein may incorporate non-disposable items, several
embodiments of the present invention include entirely design
disposable hydration systems. The fluid bladders of the hydration
systems are design disposable. The connectors, mouthpieces, valves,
fluid lines, and other various hydration system elements of the
hydration systems may also be design disposable.
[0052] The below-described valves are design disposable and allow
users to keep their hands free to hold food, loved ones hands, and
participate in various activities. This is especially useful in
activities such as hiking, biking, or climbing or other hands free
activities or situations, such as evacuations. The portability of
the below described hydration systems allows for use in remote or
confined locations, or when traveling for extended periods. The
hydration systems may be used by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA) and non-governmental charity organizations.
[0053] In the following description the term "disposable" or
"design disposable" refers to an element that not only can be
disposed, but that is human and environmentally safe, and is easily
replaceable to promote such disposal. In general, a device that is
design disposable is inexpensive, and lightweight. Any device may
be disposed, but that does not necessarily mean that the device is
designed to be disposable.
[0054] Referring to FIG. 1, a front perspective view of a hydration
system 10 is shown. The hydration system 10 includes a carrying
device 12. The carrying device 12 may hold one or more fluid
containing bladders or bladder assemblies 14. The carrying device
12, as shown has two separate individual bladders 15 and 17. Each
of the bladders 15, 17 may have a separate associated compartment
16 within the carrying device 12. The compartments 16 are separated
by a center membrane 18, which is part of the carrying device 12.
The bladders 14 each have output connectors 20, which are attached
to a fluid distribution circuit 22. The fluid distribution circuit
22 is a medium for supplying the fluids that are contained within
the bladders 14 to a user.
[0055] The carrying device 12 may be in the form of a single or
dual strapped backpack, a hip sack, a bike sack, a head or chest
sack, a carry bag, or other form of carrying device known in the
art. The carrying device 12 shown may be used as a backpack or as a
hip sack. The carry device 12 has over-the-shoulder straps 24 and
hip straps 26 (only one is shown). The carry device 12 has an outer
sack member 28 with one or more quick access mechanisms 30 for
replacement of the bladders 14. The outer sack member 28 may be
formed of commonly used backpack or outdoor materials that are
weatherproof or water resistant, lightweight, durable, flexible,
and easy to manipulate. As one example, the outer sack member 28
may be formed of a rubberized laminated nylon. The outer sack
member 28 may be formed of various cloths having different denier
levels. The quick access mechanisms 30 may include hook and loop
devices 32, such as Velcro.RTM. straps, a zipper 34, or other
devices, such as snaps, clips, hooks, etc (not shown). The quick
access mechanisms 30 allow one to easily open the carry device 12
and to remove and replace the bladders 14.
[0056] The carry device 12, as shown, has a front cover 36 that is
divided into two front sections 38 and 40, with individual access
panels 39 and 41, and a back member 42 that is divided by the
center membrane 18. Each front section 38 and 40 corresponds to one
of the bladders 14. The hook and loop devices 32 are attached to
and extend around the inside perimeter 44 of each front section 38
and 40 and around a corresponding back section 46 of the back
member 42 for coupling therebetween. Each front section 38 and 40
may be individually and separately pulled away from the back member
42 to provide access to the corresponding bladder. The zipper 34
allows for full access to both of the bladders 15, 17. Of course,
the arrangement and configuration of the carry device 12 and
bladders 14 are shown is for example purposes only, other
arrangements and configurations may be used.
[0057] The carry device 12 may be of various sizes, shapes, colors,
types, styles, and have different patterns printed thereon. The
carry device 12, for example, may be camouflaged for hunting
purposes or may be red in color for use by emergency personnel.
[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bladders 14
are design disposable. As such, the bladders 14 are formed of thin,
inexpensive, lightweight and human and environmentally safe
materials. The bladders 14 are also anti-microbial free, or in
other words, are not impregnated with any anti-microbial materials,
an example of which is silver. In being design disposable as
opposed to using the anti-microbial impregnated bladder the
bladders do not create an antimicrobial resistant environment or
environment in which bateria can become resistant to antimicrobial
materials. Thus, exposure to potentially performance minimizing
bacteria is minimized. Also, since the bladders are disposed of
after a single, limited, or finite number of uses, bacteria growth
is minimized. Furthermore, in at least one embodiment of the
present invention quick fill and empty features are provided, which
allow for easy internal cleaning of the bladders.
[0059] The bladders 14 may be formed of various materials such as
plastic, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polypropylene,
polyolefin, medical film, polypropylene copolymer and styrene
ethylene-butene styrene block copolymer, polylene-based polymer,
nonpropylene polyolefin, RF susceptible polymer, polymetric
compatibilizing agent, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) or other
materials known in the art. Some polyethylenes are low-density
polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), linear
low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), ultra linear low-density
polyethylene (ULLDPE), cross-linked high-density polyethylene
(XLPE). The bladders may be formed of diethylhexyl adipate,
citrates, phosphates, trimellitates, esters, oils, benzoate, and/or
sebacates. The bladders 14 may be free of low molecular weight
plasticizers. Although the bladders 14 may be formed of vinyl-based
materials, polyvinyl chloride or phthalates, these materials are
not preferred. Also, although the herein disclosed hydration
systems may be formed of nondisposable materials, such materials
are also not preferred. Note that the bladders 14 may be formed of
recyclable and/or biodegradable materials.
[0060] In one embodiment, the bladders 14 are formed of ethylene
vinyl acetate (EVA). In another embodiment, the bladders 14 are
formed of a combination of LLDPE, epoxy and nylon; this embodiment
is described in further detail below in association with FIG. 21.
EVA and LLDPE are examples of materials that are human and
environmentally safe, lightweight and can be inexpensively formed.
As such, EVA and LLDPE and the like can be used to form disposable
products. LLDPE is an example of a material that is also known to
pass Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and beverage
standards.
[0061] The bladders 14 are environmentally friendly. The bladders
14 are more environmentally friendly than rigid forms of packaging
such as glass, polyethylene, or aluminum cans. The bladders 14 have
a reduced amount of overall material over traditional approaches.
Thus, less energy is used in the formation of the bladders 14 and
less space is occupied when disposed.
[0062] The bladders 14 may be pre-filled, in other words filled
prior to the purchase by a consumer, post-filled or filled by the
consumer/user. As such, the bladders 14 may or may not include fill
connectors, such as the input fill connector 50 shown. The bladders
14 may contain water, an electrolyte providing substance, or other
liquid and non-liquid substances that may be consumed by a user. As
an example, one bladder may be filled with a fluid and another
bladder may be filled with a fluid dissolvable substance, such as a
nutritional water dissolvable powder.
[0063] When pre-filled the bladders 14 upon filling may be sealed
without an input connector. However, each bladder 14 has an output
connector, such as one of the output connectors 20. The first
bladder 15 is shown having the fill connector 50 and a first output
connector 52. The second bladder 17 is shown without a fill
connector and has a second output connector 54. This is further
shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. The input connector 50 and the output
connectors 20 may be of various types and styles, as is described
in further detail below.
[0064] Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, front views of bladders 14'
are shown. The first bladder 15' has a fill port or input connector
50' with a twist handle 68. The bladders 14' have front side output
connectors 20' and fluid markers 69.
[0065] Referring again to FIGS. 1-2B, the bladders 14, 14' may also
be of various types, styles, colors, sizes, and shapes. The
bladders 14, 14' may also have various patterns printed thereon. In
one embodiment, and in general, bladders that contain H.sub.2O are
formed of a blue colored material and bladders that contain an
electrolyte containing fluid are colored green, red, or yellow,
depending upon the electrolyte containing fluid contained therein.
In another embodiment, the bladders utilized, such as the bladders
14' have level markers 60 that are printed thereon to allow one to
visually and readily determine the approximate amount of fluid
within the bladders 14'.
[0066] The bladders 14, 14' may be blow molded or formed using
other extrusion and thermoforming techniques known in the art. The
bladders 14, 14' may be mass-produced and packaged in bundles for
inexpensive sale thereof. This promotes disposable use of the
bladders.
[0067] The fluid distribution system 22 includes one or more
bladder connectors 62 for attachment to fluid lines 64. Note that
the bladder connectors 62, as well as the output connectors 20, may
be located anywhere on the bladders 14. The connectors 20, 20', 62
may be located on any side of the bladders 14, 14'. The fluid lines
64 extend through the carrying device 12 to a valve and/or a
mouthpiece 66. The valve/mouthpiece 66 has an "OFF" position and
allows the user to select one of the fluids for reception or a
combination thereof. The valve/mouthpiece 66 also allows the user
to accurately adjust the mixing percentages of each fluid. For
example, a user may prefer to receive at any given time 75%
H.sub.2O and 25% electrolyte containing fluid. This is especially
useful when highly concentrated electrolyte fluids are contained
within one of the bladders 14. Some example valve/mouthpieces that
may be utilized are described in detail below.
[0068] The lines 64 may be formed of food grade surgical tubing or
other hygienic tubing known in the art. The lines 64 are flexible
and durable. The lines 64 may be sized to allow easy and quick
cleaning thereof.
[0069] The input connector 50 may have a threaded cap, may have a
quick release cap, or some other access device may be in some other
form known in the art. An example of a quick release cap is shown
in FIG. 9.
[0070] The output connectors 20 and the bladder connectors 62 are
in the form of quick release connectors. The output connectors 20
mate with the bladder connectors 62 and may be quickly separated
for quick replacement of the bladders 14. Example quick release
connectors that may be utilized are shown in FIGS. 10-11. The
output connectors 20 may be manufactured as part of the bladders 14
or may be separate entities from the bladders 14. To provide
illustrative examples of such connectors a couple other output
connectors are shown in FIGS. 13, 14, 16 and 20A-B.
[0071] The carry device 12 may include hot/cold packs (not shown)
for maintaining temperatures of the fluids within the bladders 14.
Pouches may be incorporated into the carry device 12 to carry or
hold the hot/cold packs. The carry device 12 may also be formed of
an insulated material and/or have an insulating material sewn or
incorporated therein. The insulating material also maintains the
temperature of the fluids within the bladders 14 and increases the
useful life of the hot/cold packs. As an example, an insulation pad
may be incorporated into the back member 42 to provide a thermal
separation between the user and the bladders 14.
[0072] The carry device 12 may incorporate a pocket or holder (not
shown) for a personal data assistant (PDA), iPOD, MP3 player,
mini-disc, camera, cell phone, or other data, music, video, or
communication devices known in the art. The carry device 12 may
also provide separate and assigned access for headphones or
earphones that allow for access to the electronic device contained
therein without opening the front cover 36.
[0073] Referring now to FIG. 3, a side exploded view of a hydration
system valve 70 is shown. The valve 70 includes an outer member or
housing 72 has fluid line attachments 73, which are connected to
the input fluid lines 74. An output member 76, which is in the form
of a mouthpiece 78, is attached to the housing 72. A rotary fluid
control inner member or insert 80 is arranged within the outer
housing 72. The insert 80 has a seal 82, which may be in the form
of an o-ring as shown, which seals it to the outer housing 72.
[0074] The insert 80 includes a stem 84 and a position selector or
handle 86. The stem 84 includes a longitudinal passage 88 that
extends between the handle 86 and a mouthpiece end 90. The stem 84
has a first hole 92 and a second hole 94 that extend laterally into
the longitudinal passage 88. The first hole 92 is associated with a
first fluid or the first line 96 and the second hole 94 is
associated with a second fluid or the second line 98. The first
hole 92 is in approximately a 90.degree. rotated position on the
stem 84 relative to the second hole 94. The insert 80 has an OFF
position whereby neither of the holes 92 and 94 are aligned with
the lines 96 and 98. The OFF position may be associated with a
location approximately between a range of 180.degree.-270.degree.
from the position of the first hole 92 or else where. When either
of the holes 92 and 94 are aligned with the lines 96 and 98, fluid
passes through that hole and into the mouthpiece 76. The
percentages of each fluid may range from between 0-100%, thus
allowing for the overall user received fluid ratio of the fluids to
be adjusted as desired.
[0075] The outer housing 72 may have notches 100 wherein tabs 102
on the stem 84 may engage to allow the user to precisely position
the handle 86 relative to the outer housing 72. The notches 100 and
the tabs 102 serve as an indicator for selection of the incremental
positions. The indication provided may be both an audible and feel
based indication. The rotation of the notches 100 across the tabs
102 may be felt by the user. Also, the stated rotation may provide
a clicking or ticking sound, which may be heard by the user. For
example, the tabs 102 may click into the notches 100 signaling to
the user a change in position. Of course, other indicators or
devices may be used to provide an indication, such as a sprocket, a
stopper, a clicker, or a ticker. A sprocket and stopper are shown
and described with respect to FIG. 8.
[0076] Each notch 100 may have a corresponding percentage
associated therewith for each of the received fluids. For example,
each notch 100 may adjust the amount of the first fluid and the
second fluid received up or down by approximately 5% or by some
other desired increment. Any number of notches and tabs may be
used.
[0077] The valve 70 allows for both of the fluids to be received at
the same time. The holes 92 and 94 have an overlap range by which
each of the holes 92 and 94 is at least partially overlapping the
corresponding holes 104 and 106 in the outer housing 72. This
overlap range allows fluid from each of the lines 96 and 98 to pass
to the mouthpiece 76. The holes 92 and 94 may be more closely
positioned on the stem 84 to provide a larger overlap range.
Although the outer housing 72 and the stem 84 each have two inlet
holes, specifically holes 92, 94, 104, and 106, more may be
incorporated.
[0078] Referring to FIGS. 4A and 4B, side views of the valve 70 are
shown and are provided to illustrate the handle 86 in two
positions. The positions illustrate the selection of either the
first fluid or the second fluid. FIG. 4A illustrates the handle 86
in a first position and the selection of solely the first fluid.
FIG. 4B illustrates the handle 86 in a second position, which is
90.degree. rotated from the first position, and the selection of
solely the second fluid. Rotation of the handle 86 between the
first position and the second position provides varying amounts of
each fluid. For example, the closer the handle 86 is rotated to the
first position the higher percentage of the first fluid that is
received.
[0079] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, another hydration system valve
120 is shown. The valve 120 includes a mouthpiece housing 122 that
has a push stem 124, which is laterally position adjustable
therein. The push stem 124 has a fluid passage 126 that laterally
extends therethrough. The fluid passage 126 may be ovicular or
circular in shape. As the push stem 124 is laterally position
adjusted the fluid passage 126 overlaps openings 128 and 130 in the
mouthpiece 122 corresponding to lines 132 and 134. Fluid passes
from one or both of the lines 132 and 134 into the mouthpiece 122.
The push stem 124 may be pushed from either the left side 136 or
the right side 138 of the mouthpiece 122. The push stem 124 may be
laterally positioned such that the fluid passage does not overlap
either of the openings 128 and 130, thus the push stem 124 is in an
OFF position.
[0080] Referring to FIG. 7, a hydration system valve 140 is shown.
The valve/mouthpiece 140 includes a housing 142 with an exterior
selection lever 144. The selection lever 144 may be toggled between
position A and position B, thereby selecting one of each fluid or
some combination thereof supplied by lines 146 and 148. The
valve/mouthpiece 140 has an internal pair of receiving members 150
that may be aligned with the input holes 152 corresponding to line
A and line B. Fluid passes through a center section 154 and into
the mouthpiece 156. Blocking members 158 are incorporated to
prevent unwanted flow of non-selected fluids. Of course, this
valve/mouthpiece 140 may be implemented using various other
configurations.
[0081] Referring to FIG. 8, a hydration system valve 160 is shown.
The valve 160 includes a reception housing 162, which is attached
to the fluid lines 164, and a mouthpiece 166. The mouthpiece 166
may be rotated relative to the reception housing 162. A ratcheting
type system 168 is incorporated within the valve/mouthpiece 160 to
maintain position relation between the mouthpiece 166 and the
reception housing 162. The ratcheting system 168 includes a
sprocket 163 and a stopper 165. The sprocket 163 is attached to the
mouthpiece 166. The stopper 165 is attached to the housing 162. The
sprocket 163 and the stopper 165 maintain the position of the
mouthpiece 166 relative to the housing 162. The user, when
selecting the fluid percentages, bites down on the mouthpiece 166
to hold the mouthpiece 166 in position and rotates the reception
housing 162. In rotating the reception housing 162 the user is
adjusting the position of members or a reception nozzle 170, as
shown, contained within the mouthpiece 166 or in the reception
housing 162. The reception nozzle 170 may have one or more internal
channels 171 for alignment to the fluid lines 164. The channels 171
may extend through the sprocket 163 and into the mouthpiece
166.
[0082] Referring to FIG. 9, a quick release fill cap system 180 is
shown. The fill cap system 180 includes a large fill cap 181 a
press release tab 182 and a handle 184. The press release tab 182
when pressed down on releases or "pops" the cap from the bladder
186. This allows quick access to the interior of and filling of the
bladder 186.
[0083] Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, couple quick release connector
assemblies 200 and 202 are shown. Each of the assemblies 200 and
202 includes an insert end 204 and a reception end 206. In the
embodiments shown, the insert end 204 is attached to the bladders
208 and the reception ends 206 are attached to a fluid line 210.
The reception ends 206 may press-fit over the inset ends 204, as
shown in FIG. 10. The reception ends 206 may have a spring loaded
bushing 212 that is pulled back to allow engagement with the insert
end 204, as shown in FIG. 11. The bushing 212 is pulled back on a
stem 214 and relative to a stationary fluid line connector 216.
Upon engagement of the insert end 204 into the reception end 206,
the bushing 212 is released locking the reception end 206 to the
insert end 204. Various styles of quick release mechanisms may be
utilized. The insert ends 204 may have o-rings 218 to maintain a
fluid seal between the ends 204 and 206.
[0084] Note that the above described output connectors and insert
ends may have an internal unidirectional valve (not shown) that
allows for one-way flow of fluid. The valve may be opened upon
connection with a reception end or may be opened through suction on
a corresponding fluid line. The valve prevents the fluid from
within a bladder from leaking when a fluid distribution system is
not attached thereto. The internal valve may be a small plastic
membrane that is perforated with two slits in the form of a cross
that provide a seal when suction is not applied to the closed
system. The output connectors and insert ends may also be
configured with a threaded cap or the like. The threaded cap may be
removed just prior to connection of a fluid distribution
system.
[0085] Referring to FIGS. 12A and 12B, a hydration system valve 230
is shown. The valve 230 operates similar to the valve 70. The valve
230 includes an outer housing 232 that is similar to the outer
housing 72; however it is configured for a mouthpiece 234 that has
a stem 236, similar to the stem 84. The stem 236 extends within the
housing 232. In operation, the mouthpiece 234 is bit down on to
hold it in place and the housing 232 is rotated relative to the
mouthpiece 234. Once the position of the housing 232 is selected
relative to the mouthpiece 234, the user may release the mouthpiece
234, while maintaining hold on the mouthpiece 234 and receive the
desired percentage of each fluid.
[0086] A position ratcheting mechanism (not shown) may be utilized
and incorporated to maintain the position of the mouthpiece 234
relative to the housing 232. The position ratcheting mechanism may
include notches and tabs, such as the notches 100 and the tabs 102,
or other engagement devices known in the art. The ratcheting
mechanism has increased utility with respect to the embodiment of
FIGS. 12 and 12B over that of the embodiment of FIG. 4, since the
housing 232 is rotated as opposed to the rotation of the handle 86.
The housing 232 has more resistance thereon due to the connection
with the lines 240, whereas there is little to no resistance in the
handle 84 maintaining its position.
[0087] Although the notched and ratcheted mechanisms described
above are described with respect to a particular valve/mouthpiece
configuration, they may be implemented on any valve/mouthpiece
configuration shown or on any other embodiment of the present
invention. The notched and ratcheted mechanisms provide precise and
gradient selection of fluids within a hydration system.
[0088] The mouthpieces described herein may have ON/OFF mechanisms,
which are activated through the biting of the mouthpieces. The
mouthpieces may have slits through which fluid flows and be formed
of various materials having varying softness and texture. The
mouthpieces may be of various sizes and shapes. The mouthpieces may
be sized and shaped for rigidity and torsional twisting and
rotating.
[0089] Referring now to FIGS. 13 and 14. In FIG. 13 an output
connector 250 is shown. The output connector 250 includes a bladder
intrusion end 252 and a quick release end 254. The bladder
intrusion end 252 includes a bladder puncture device 256 and an
adhesive seal 258. The adhesive seal 258 seals the output connector
250 to a bladder 259.
[0090] In FIG. 15, an output connector 260 is shown, which includes
an output connector or bladder coupling member 262 and a quick
release member 264. The bladder member 262 is attached to a bladder
266 and may be manufactured as such. The quick release member 264
is configured to attach to the bladder member 262. The quick
release member 264 may be threaded onto the bladder member 262, as
shown, or through use of some other technique known in the art. The
bladder member 262, as well as any other component that is
manufactured as part of a bladder, may also be disposable as
described above.
[0091] Referring now to FIGS. 15-17, a bladder 300 is shown having
a single input and output mechanism 302. The opening 310 may be
located on the side, at the bottom, or elsewhere on the bladder
300. In having the opening on the bottom of the bladder 300, it is
better assured that a majority or all of the fluid in the bladder
300 is accessible. Also, the bladder 300 may be constructed of
three plastic pieces, two sides and one bottom that would allow the
filled bladders to sit upright on a shelf. The mechanism 302
includes an independent tube connector 304 and an independent screw
cap 306. The tube connector 304 swivels in relation to the screw
cap 306. This swivel action allows 360.degree. of freedom motion to
position the tube connector 304 where desired within a carry
device, such as the device 12. The screw cap 306 is threaded and
attaches to a corresponding threaded connector on the bladder 300,
such as the connector 262 of FIG. 14. The screw cap 306 may have a
gasket 307 to provide a fluid tight seal with a bladder connector.
Since, the mechanism 302 may be removed from the bladder 300, the
bladder 300 may be filled through a corresponding opening 310 in
the bladder 300. The bladder 300 is disposable and may be disposed
after use. A fluid line may be permanently fixed to the tube
connector 304.
[0092] The independent swiveling action of the tube connector 304
relative to the screw cap 306 may also be used to enable or disable
fluid flow therethrough. The tube connector 304 may have an
internal opening 308 and the screw cap 306 may have a corresponding
opening 310, as shown in FIG. 16. As an example, the tube connector
304 when rotated clockwise may cause the opening 308 to overlap the
opening 310 and allow fluid to pass. When the tube connector is
rotated counterclockwise the opening 308 may no longer overlap the
opening 310, as shown, and thus fluid is unable to pass. This
rotating operation provides the ON and OFF states of the mechanism
302.
[0093] Referring to FIGS. 18 and 19, front views of fluid bladders
320, 322 are shown illustrating different output connector
positions. Output connectors may be positioned on the bottom
surface, side or lower corner of a bladder for ease in placement of
the bladder into a carry device, such as the carry device 12 of
FIG. 1. A bottom surface mounted output connector 324 and a lower
corner mounted output connector 326 are shown.
[0094] Referring to FIGS. 20A-C, a top perspective view and a
cross-sectional perspective view of an output connector assembly
330 and a top perspective view of a cap 332 for the assembly 330
are shown according to an embodiment of the present invention. The
output connector assembly 330 includes an output connector 334 that
is sealed to a bladder wall. In one embodiment, the output
connector 334 has an associated port opening radius R of greater
than approximately 12.5 mm to allow for quick filling of and
increased output flow from a bladder. The output connector 334 may
be heat sealed or adhesively sealed to the bladder wall. The output
connector 334 has a threaded portion 336 that is adaptable to a
fluid circuit interface 338 and to the cap 332. The connection
between the output connector 334 and the fluid circuit interface
338 provides a dual-sealed assembly.
[0095] Referring to FIG. 20B, the fluid circuit interface 338 has a
fluid line adaptor section 340 with tapered segments 342 and an
annular extending disc-shaped member 344. The annular member 344
has a circular channel 346 that is located at an outer periphery
348. An o-ring 350 is held with the channel 346 and provides a
first seal 352 with the output connector 334.
[0096] A ring connector 354 is received over the annular member 344
and is threaded onto the output connector 334. The ring connector
354 applies pressure on the annular member 344 against the outer
edge 356 of the output connector 334, which provides a second seal
358. The seals 352, 358 prevent fluid leakage during use thereof.
Of course, the above-stated components of the assembly 330 may be
coupled to each other using other fastening or attaching
techniques.
[0097] Referring to FIG. 20C, the cap 332 is similarly shaped and
sized as the ring connector 330; however it has a closed inner
section 360.
[0098] To further provide an improved seal between the output
connector 334 and the fluid circuit interface 338 and between the
output connector 334 and the cap 332, the output connector 334 is
formed of a different material than the interface 338 and the cap
332. For example, the output connector may be formed of
polyethylene and the interface 338 and the cap 332 may be formed of
polypropylene. The use of at least two different materials creates
an improved bond between components thus further preventing
leakages.
[0099] Referring to FIG. 21, a side cross-sectional view of a fluid
bladder wall segment 370 is shown. The shown wall segment 370
represents a portion of a fluid bladder that has a multiple layers.
The wall segment 370 includes a first or inner layer 372, a second
or lamination layer 374, and a third or exterior support layer 376.
Although the wall segment 370 is shown as having three layers, any
number of layers may be incorporated.
[0100] In an example embodiment, the inner layer 372 is formed of
LLDPE, the laminate layer 374 is formed of a two part epoxy, and
the exterior layer 376 is formed of nylon. In another example
embodiment, the inner layer 372 has a thickness T.sub.1 of
approximately 0.0045 inches .+-.0.001 and the exterior layer 376
has a thickness T.sub.2 of approximately 0.001 inches. The
thickness T.sub.3 of the laminate layer 374 may be negligible in
size relative to the thicknesses T.sub.1, T.sub.2. The use of thin
layers, as well as the use of a thick LLDPE layer and a thin nylon
layer provides a durable design disposable bladder. Also, the
combined layers of the stated embodiment provide a wall that is
flexible with low elasticity or plastic-like characteristics. Said
differently, the wall, in general, when deformed does not return to
its original shape unless acted upon. This allows for the bladder
to take on various shapes and to be placed in various carriers,
while still providing the desired functionality.
[0101] The inner layer 372 performs as an inner liner and is
odorless, tasteless, water insoluble and water inadhereable. The
laminate layer 374 provides adhesion between the inner layer 372
and the exterior layer 376. The exterior layer 376 provides
structural support and durability. The exterior layer 376 also is
formed and applied to allow for printing and labeling of logos and
information thereon.
[0102] When the lamination layer 374 is formed of a two part epoxy
adhesive, the two part epoxy may include an epoxy and an amine.
Acrylic adhesives may be used that include pressure sensitive
adhesives. Another adhesive that may be used is a 100% solid
adhesive, which is subjected to a UV or e-beam for curing. The
adhesive may be applied by any appropriate means in the art, such
as by coating or co-extrusion.
[0103] The above-described hydration systems provide ease in
disassembling and cleaning for reuse. The embodiments of the
present invention may be retro-fit to existing hydration system
designs such that when a bladder malfunction occurs, switch over
costs are minimal to adopt the disposable bladder solutions
above-described. For example, the tube branch connected to the
malfunctioning bladder may be cut and separated to allow for the
attachment of one of the tube connectors and disposable bladders
described herein.
[0104] Those skilled in the art can now appreciate from the
foregoing description that the broad teachings of the disclosure
can be implemented in a variety of forms. Therefore, while this
disclosure includes particular examples, the true scope of the
disclosure should not be so limited since other modifications will
become apparent to the skilled practitioner upon a study of the
drawings, the specification and the following claims.
* * * * *