U.S. patent application number 11/427118 was filed with the patent office on 2006-12-28 for exercise equipment with convergent hand grips.
Invention is credited to Joseph A. Halfen, Nathan R. Luger, Timothy J. Porth, Charles J. Rosenow.
Application Number | 20060293153 11/427118 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 37568274 |
Filed Date | 2006-12-28 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060293153 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Porth; Timothy J. ; et
al. |
December 28, 2006 |
EXERCISE EQUIPMENT WITH CONVERGENT HAND GRIPS
Abstract
An exercise machine comprising a frame, a first hand grip, and a
second hand grip. The first and second hand grips are each operably
associated with the frame for traveling along converging first and
second hand paths respectively.
Inventors: |
Porth; Timothy J.; (Edina,
MN) ; Luger; Nathan R.; (Roseville, MN) ;
Halfen; Joseph A.; (Woodbury, MN) ; Rosenow; Charles
J.; (Anoka, MN) |
Correspondence
Address: |
SHERRILL LAW OFFICES
4756 BANNING AVE
SUITE 212
WHITE BEAR LAKE
MN
55110-3205
US
|
Family ID: |
37568274 |
Appl. No.: |
11/427118 |
Filed: |
June 28, 2006 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60694723 |
Jun 28, 2005 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
482/52 ;
482/62 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 22/0664 20130101;
A63B 23/12 20130101; A63B 23/1209 20130101; A63B 21/078 20130101;
A63B 22/02 20130101; A63B 21/4047 20151001; A63B 22/0056 20130101;
A63B 23/03533 20130101; A63B 22/0005 20151001; A63B 23/0355
20130101; A63B 22/001 20130101; A63B 69/06 20130101; A63B 21/4035
20151001; A63B 2022/0676 20130101; A63B 2022/0028 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
482/052 ;
482/062 |
International
Class: |
A63B 22/04 20060101
A63B022/04; A63B 22/12 20060101 A63B022/12 |
Claims
1. An exercise machine comprising: (a) a frame; and (b) first and
second hand grips each operably associated with the frame for
traveling along converging first and second hand paths
respectively.
2. The exercise machine of claim 1 wherein the exercise machine is
a stationary cardiovascular exercise machine.
3. The exercise machine of claim 1 wherein the hand paths converge
at an angle of between about 5.degree. to 150.degree. relative to
one another.
4. The exercise machine of claim 1 wherein (i) each hand grip
reciprocates about an axis of rotation, and (ii) the axes of
rotation converge at an angle of between about 175.degree. to
30.degree. relative to one another.
5. The exercise machine of claim 4 wherein the axes of rotation are
angled between about 170.degree. to 135.degree. relative to one
another.
6. The exercise machine of claim 1 wherein (i) the exercise machine
is configured and arranged to accommodate a user on the exercise
machine in a particular orientation relative to the exercise
machine, and (ii) the right and left hand grips converge when
traveling along the hand paths away from a user exercising on the
exercise machine.
7. An exercise machine comprising: (a) a frame defining a primary
transverse axis; (b) first and second foot supports each operably
associated with the frame for traveling along a foot path
configured orthogonally relative to the primary transverse axis;
and (c) right and left hand grips each operably associated with a
foot support for traveling along converging hand paths when the
foot supports travel along the foot paths, wherein each hand path
is angled relative to each foot path.
8. The exercise machine of claim 7 wherein the exercise machine is
a stationary cardiovascular exercise machine.
9. The exercise machine of claim 7 wherein each hand path is angled
between about 5.degree. to 45.degree. relative to the primary
transverse axis.
10. The exercise machine of claim 7 wherein (i) the exercise
machine is configured and arranged to accommodate a user on the
exercise machine in a particular orientation relative to the
exercise machine, and (ii) the right and left hand grips converge
when traveling along the hand paths away from a user exercising on
the exercise machine.
Description
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application No. 60/694,723, filed Jun. 28, 2005.
FIELD OF INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates to exercise equipment, more
specifically to stationary cardiovascular exercise equipment, and
most specifically to stationary cardiovascular exercise equipment
with arm links movable along a reciprocating or closed loop
path.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Stationary exercise equipment designed to work the
upper-body typically includes pivoting arm links attached to a
workload. Such stationary exercise equipment includes both weight
training equipment and cardiovascular equipment.
[0004] Pivoting arm links on conventional stationary exercise
equipment are sometimes configured to travel concurrently (e.g., a
bench press station or a rowing machine) and sometimes configured
to travel counter currently (e.g., elliptical exercise machines,
ski simulation machines, stationary bicycles, etc.), but are always
configured to travel along paths which are parallel to one another
and parallel to the path traveled by any associated foot support
links. Such parallel arm motion, while generally effective for
providing the desired weight lifting or cardiovascular exercise,
can feel clumsy and awkward to the user causing some users to
reduce or even discontinue use of the exercise machine.
[0005] Accordingly, a need exists for stationary cardiovascular
exercise equipment which provides a more natural movement of the
arms when exercising the upper-body.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] A first embodiment of the claimed invention is an exercise
machine comprising a frame, a first hand grip, and a second hand
grip. The first and second hand grips are each operably associated
with the frame for traveling along converging first and second hand
paths respectively.
[0007] A second embodiment of the claimed invention is an exercise
machine comprising a frame, a first foot support, a second foot
support, a right hand grip, and a left hand grip. The frame defines
a primary transverse axis. The first and second foot supports are
each operably associated with the frame for traveling along a foot
path configured orthogonally relative to the primary transverse
axis. The right and left hand grips are each operably associated
with a foot support for traveling along converging hand paths when
the foot supports travel along the foot paths, wherein each hand
path is angled relative to each foot path.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1 is a side view of one embodiment of the invention
deployed on an elliptical exercise machine.
[0009] FIG. 2 is a top view of the arm link portion of the
invention shown in FIG. 1.
[0010] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one of the arm link
connection brackets on the invention shown in FIG. 1.
[0011] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the arm link connection
bracket shown in FIG. 3 taken along line 4-4.
[0012] FIG. 5 is a right side view of a second embodiment of the
invention deployed on an elliptical exercise machine with elements
of the frame removed to facilitate viewing of other components of
the invention.
[0013] FIG. 6 is a left side view of the invention shown in FIG.
5.
[0014] FIG. 7 is an enlarged left side view of the front end
portion of the invention shown in FIG. 6 with the foot link and
elements of the frame removed to facilitate viewing of other
components of the invention.
[0015] FIG. 8 is a top view of the arm link connection subassembly
shown in FIGS. 5-7 viewed along line 8-8.
[0016] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the arm link connection
subassembly shown in FIG. 8.
[0017] FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the arm link
connection subassembly shown in FIG. 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Nomenclature
[0018] 10 Exercise Machine [0019] 20 Frame [0020] 21 Cross Beam
[0021] 22 First Mounting Bracket [0022] 30 Drive Shaft [0023] 40
Crank Arm [0024] 50 Foot Link [0025] 56 Foot Support [0026] 60
Roller on Foot Link [0027] 70 Rocker Arm [0028] 80 Connector Link
[0029] 90 Guide Rail [0030] 100 Arm Link [0031] 100a First End of
Arm Link [0032] 100b Second End of Arm Link [0033] 110 Intermediate
Link [0034] 110a First End of Intermediate Link [0035] 110b Second
End of Intermediate Link [0036] 120 Coupling Link [0037] 120a First
End of Coupling Link [0038] 120b Second End of Coupling Link [0039]
130 Hand Grips [0040] 130r Right Hand Grip [0041] 130s Left Hand
Grip [0042] 131p Path Traveled by the Right Hand Grip [0043] 132p
Path Traveled by the Left Hand Grip [0044] 200 Bracket Connecting
Arm Link to Frame [0045] 210 Primary Shaft [0046] 210a First End of
Primary Shaft [0047] 210b Second End of Primary Shaft [0048] 220
Primary Bearing [0049] 230 Secondary Shaft [0050] 230a First End of
Secondary Shaft [0051] 230b Second End of Secondary Shaft [0052]
240 U-Joint [0053] 250 Housing [0054] 260 Fitting [0055] 270
Bearing Unit [0056] 300 Axle [0057] 310 Turnbuckle [0058] 310a
First End of Turnbuckle [0059] 310b Second End of Turnbuckle [0060]
320 Bent Crank [0061] 320a First End of Bent Crank [0062] 320b
Second End of Bent Crank [0063] 330 Bearing Housing [0064] 340
Flanged Bearing [0065] 350 Arm Axle [0066] 320a First End of Arm
Axle [0067] 320b Second End of Arm Axle [0068] 351 Mounting Plate
on Arm Axle [0069] 352 Post on Arm Axle [0070] 360 Arm Mounting
Bracket [0071] p.sub.1 First End Foot Link Pivot Point [0072]
p.sub.2 Second End Foot Link Pivot Point [0073] p.sub.3 Rocker
Pivot Point [0074] p.sub.4 Crank Pivot Point [0075] p.sub.5 First
End Intermediate Link Pivot Point [0076] p.sub.6 Second End
Intermediate Link Pivot Point [0077] p.sub.7 Arm Link Pivot Point
[0078] p.sub.8 Coupling Link Pivot Point [0079] p.sub.9 First
Turnbuckle Pivot Point [0080] p.sub.10 Second Turnbuckle Pivot
Point [0081] w Angled Axis [0082] x Lateral Axis [0083] y
Longitudinal Axis [0084] y.sub.1 Forward Longitudinal Direction
[0085] z Transverse Axis [0086] z1 Primary Transverse Axis [0087]
z2 Secondary Transverse Axis [0088] r Right Hand Grip Axis of
Rotation [0089] s Left Hand Grip Axis of Rotation [0090] .alpha.
Angle of Convergence
Description
[0091] Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7, the invention is an
exercise machine 10 having a frame 20 and right and left hand grips
130r and 130s each operably associated with the frame 20 for
traveling along longitudinally y converging first and second hand
paths 131p and 132p, respectively.
[0092] The exercise machine 10 may be substantially any type of
exercise machine having arm links 100 which travel forward and
backward relative to a user (not shown) for working the upper-body.
Suitable exercise machines 10 includes specifically, but not
exclusively, bench press stations, stationary bicycles equipped
with arm links, elliptical exercise machines equipped with arm
links, rowing machines, stair climbers equipped with arm links,
treadmills equipped with arm links, ski simulation machines, etc.
Preferred exercise machines 10 are stationary cardiovascular
exercise machines having arm links 100. Without intending to be
limited thereby, the balance of the disclosure shall be provided in
connection with elliptical exercise machines. A wide variety of
elliptical exercise machines equipped with arm links for working
the upper body are known, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos.
6,752,744, 6,733,419, 6,726,600, 6,719,665, 6,689,019, 6,645,129,
6,629,909, 6,620,079, 6,612,969, 6,579,210, 6,575,877, 6,569,061,
6,565,486, 6,554,750, 6,551,218, 6,544,146, 6,540,646, 6,527,680,
6,527,677, 6,500,096, 6,482,132, 6,482,130, 6,461,277, 6,450,925,
6,440,042, 6,436,007, 6,422,977, 6,422,976, 6,416,442, 6,409,635,
6,409,632, 6,398,695, 6,390,953, 6,368,252, 6,361,476, 6,350,219,
6,340,340, 6,338,698, 6,312,362, 6,302,830, 6,302,825, 6,277,054,
6,254,514, 6,248,046, 6,248,045, 6,248,044, 6,238,321, 6,217,485,
6,210,305, 6,206,804, 6,196,948, 6,183,397, 6,171,215, 6,168,552,
6,152,859, 6,149,551, 6,142,915, 6,135,923, 6,126,574, 6,113,518,
6,099,439, 6,090,014, 6,090,013, 6,083,143, 6,080,091, 6,080,086,
6,077,198, 6,077,197, 6,077,196, 6,063,009, 6,053,847, 6,045,488,
6,045,487, 6,042,512, 6,042,512, 6,030,320, 6,027,431, 6,027,430,
6,024,676, 6,017,295, 6,013,011, 5,997,445, 5,993,359, 5,989,159,
5,967,954, 5,957,814, 5,947,872, 5,938,570, 5,938,568, 5,938,567,
5,924,963, 5,924,962, 5,921,894, 5,919,118, 5,916,064, 5,911,649,
5,910,072, 5,895,339, 5,893,820, 5,882,281, 5,879,271, 5,876,307,
5,857,941, 5,848,954, 5,846,166, 5,836,855, 5,823,919, 5,803,871,
5,792,028, 5,792,026, 5,788,610, 5,788,609, 5,766,113, 5,755,643,
5,755,642, 5,746,683, 5,743,834, 5,738,614, 5,733,227, 5,722,558,
5,692,994, 5,690,589, 5,685,804, 5,683,333, 5,653,662, 5,611,758,
5,611,756, 5,595,553, 5,593,371, 5,591,107, 5,577,985, 5,573,480,
5,562,574, 5,540,637, 5,529,554, 5,518,473, 5,516,471, 5,454,772,
5,423,729, 5,401,226, 5,290,211, 5,261,294, 5,254,059. and United
States Published Patent Numbers, 2002/0019298, 2003/0022763,
2003/0027690, 2001/0036886, 2001/0051562, 2004/0053748,
2002/0055420, 2004/0077463, 2004/0097339, 2004/0097340,
2004/0102291, 2002/0165066. All may be modified to provide
converging hand grips in accordance with this invention.
[0093] One embodiment of an elliptical exercise machine 10 equipped
with converging handgrips 130 is shown in FIGS. 1-4. Briefly, the
elliptical exercise machine 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes (a)
a frame 20, (b) a drive shaft 30 supported on the frame 20 and
defining a primary transverse axis z1, (c) left and right
sinusoidal shaped foot links 50, (d) a first connection system (not
collectively numbered) associated with the first end (unnumbered)
of each foot link 50 for coupling the first end of the associated
foot link 50 to the drive shaft 30 so that the first end of the
associated foot link 50 travels in an elliptical or oval path (not
shown) relative to the drive shaft 30, (e) a foot support 56
extending from a second longitudinal end (unnumbered) of each foot
link 50, (f) a roller 60 attached to and extending below each foot
link 50 proximate the second longitudinal end (unnumbered) of the
foot link 50 and defining a second end foot link pivot point
p.sub.2, (g) guide rails 90 attached to the frame 20 for engaging
the roller 60 on each foot link 50 so as to guide the second
longitudinal end of each foot link 50 along a reciprocating path
(not shown) as the first end of the foot link 50 travels in an
elliptical or oval path, (h) left and right arm links 100r and 100s
(collectively arm link 100) each pivotally attached to the frame 20
at a first end 100a at arm link pivot point p.sub.7, (i) a second
connection system (not collectively numbered) associated with the
first end 100a of each arm link 100 for coupling the first end 100a
of the associated arm link 100 to the drive shaft 30 for pivoting
the arm link 100 about arm link pivot point p.sub.7 as the drive
shaft 30 rotates about the primary transverse axis z1, and (j) hand
grips 130 attached to the second end 100b of each arm link 100.
[0094] The first connection system includes (i) a connector link 80
pivotally attached at a first end (unnumbered) to the first end of
the foot link 50 at a first end foot link pivot point p.sub.1 and
pivotally attached at a second end (unnumbered) to a second end
(unnumbered) of a rocker arm 70 at a rocker pivot point p.sub.3,
(ii) a rocker arm 70 pivotally attached at a first end (unnumbered)
to the frame 20 and pivotally attached at a second end (unnumbered)
to the connector link 80 at the rocker pivot point p.sub.3, and
(iii) a crank arm 40 attached at a first end (unnumbered) to the
drive shaft 30 and pivotally attached at a second end (unnumbered)
to the connector link 80 at a crank pivot point p.sub.4 which is
positioned on the connector link 80 intermediate the first end foot
link pivot point p.sub.1 and the rocker pivot point p.sub.3.
[0095] The second connection system includes (i) the crank arm 40,
(ii) an intermediate link 110 pivotally attached at a first end
110a to the second end of the crank arm 40 at a first end
intermediate link pivot point p.sub.5 and pivotally attached at a
second end 110b to the first end 120a of a coupling link 120 at a
second end intermediate link pivot point p.sub.6, and (iii) a
coupling link 120 pivotally attached at a first end 120a to the
second end 110b of the intermediate link 110 and pivotally attached
at a second end 110b to the first end 100a of the arm link 100 at
the arm link pivot point p.sub.7.
[0096] As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the arm links 100 are pivotally
attached to the frame 20 at the arm link pivot point p.sub.7 by a
bracket 200 which alters the path traveled by the right and left
hand grips 130r and 130s (collectively hand grip 130) from the
conventional paths of travel (i. e., paths which are parallel to
one another, parallel to the path traveled by the foot support 56
and orthogonal to the primary transverse axis z1) to converging
paths 131p and 132 p (i.e., paths which converge towards one
another when traveling forward y.sub.1 and are angled relative to
the path traveled by the foot support 56). The paths 131p and 132p
preferably converge at an angle .alpha. of between about 5.degree.
to 150.degree. (i.e., each hand path 131p and 132p is angled
between about 2.5.degree. to 75.degree. relative to the primary
transverse axis z1 to create an angle of convergence .alpha. of
between about 5.degree. to 150.degree.), most preferably at an
angle .alpha. of between about 10.degree. to 45.degree.. Viewed
from a different perspective, the hand grips 130r and 130s
reciprocate about an axis of rotation r and s, respectively, with
the axes of rotation r and s converging at a supplemental angle to
the angle .alpha. at which the paths 131p and 132p converge. (i.e.,
when the paths 131p and 132p converge at an angle .alpha. of
5.degree. the axes of rotation r and s converge at a supplemental
angle of 175.degree. and when the paths 131p and 132p converge at
an angle .alpha. of 150.degree. the axes of rotation r and s
converge at a supplemental angle of 30.degree.).
[0097] FIGS. 3 and 4 show one embodiment of a bracket 200 capable
of imparting the desired converging paths of travel 131p and 132p
to the hand grips 130. The second end 120b of the coupling link 120
is fixedly attached to the first end 210a of a primary shaft 210.
The primary shaft 210 extends through one of the vertical
stanchions (not separately numbered) of the frame 20 and is
rotatably supported by a primary bearing 220 secured to the frame
20.
[0098] A secondary shaft 230 is attached at a first end 230a to the
second end 210b of the primary shaft 210 through a U-joint 240 and
fixedly attached at a second end 230b to a fitting 260 which is
fixedly attached to the first end 100a of the arm link 100. The
secondary shaft 230 is rotatably supported at an angle (unnumbered)
relative to the secondary transverse axis z2 by a bearing unit 270
which is attached to the frame 20 at the appropriate angle by
housing 250.
[0099] This assembly (not collectively numbered) translates
pivoting of the coupling links 120 about the secondary transverse
axis z2 to converging reciprocating longitudinal y motion of the
hand grips 130 by allowing the secondary shafts 230 to be
longitudinally y angled relative to the associated primary shaft
210 with pivoting of the coupling link 120 translated to
longitudinal y motion of the hand grips 130 through a sequence of
(i) rotation of the primary shaft 210 about the secondary
transverse axis z2, (ii) rotation of the secondary shaft 230 about
a hand grip axis of rotation (i.e., a right hand grip axis of
rotation r for the right hand grip 130r and a left hand grip axis
of rotation s for the left hand grip 130s), (iii) rotation of the
fitting 260 about the corresponding hand grip axis of rotation r or
s, and (iv) pivoting of the arm link 100 about the corresponding
hand grip axis of rotation r or s.
[0100] Another embodiment of an elliptical exercise machine 10
equipped with converging handgrips 130 is shown in FIGS. 5-10.
Briefly, the elliptical exercise machine 10 shown in FIGS. 5-7
includes (a) a frame 20, (b) a drive shaft 30 supported on the
frame 20 and defining a primary transverse axis z.sub.1, (c) left
and right foot links 50, (d) a first connection system (not
collectively numbered) associated with the first end (unnumbered)
of each foot link 50 for coupling the first end of the associated
foot link 50 to the drive shaft 30 so that the first end of the
associated foot link 50 travels in an elliptical or oval path (not
shown) relative to the drive shaft 30, (e) a foot support 56
extending from a second longitudinal end (unnumbered) of each foot
link 50, (f) a roller 60 attached to and extending below each foot
link 50 proximate the second longitudinal end (unnumbered) of the
foot link 50 and defining a second end foot link pivot point
p.sub.2, (g) guide rails 90 attached to the frame 20 for engaging
the roller 60 on each foot link 50 so as to guide the second
longitudinal end of each foot link 50 along a reciprocating path
(not shown) as the first end of the foot link 50 travels in an
elliptical or oval path, (h) left and right arm links 100r and 100s
(collectively arm link 100) each pivotally attached to the frame 20
proximate a first end 100a of the arm link 100 at arm link pivot
point p.sub.7, (i) a second connection system (not collectively
numbered) associated with the first end 100a of each arm link 100
for coupling the first end 100a of each arm link 100 to the
associated coupling link 120 so that pivoting of the associated
coupling link 120 correspondingly pivots the arm link 100 about
pivot point p.sub.7, and (j) hand grips 130 attached to the second
end 100b of each arm link 100.
[0101] The first connection system includes (i) a connector link 80
pivotally attached at a first end (unnumbered) to the first end of
the foot link 50 at a first end foot link pivot point p.sub.1 and
pivotally attached at a second end (unnumbered) to a second end
(unnumbered) of a rocker arm 70 at a rocker pivot point p.sub.3,
(ii) a rocker arm 70 pivotally attached at a first end (unnumbered)
to the frame 20 and pivotally attached at a second end (unnumbered)
to the connector link 80 at the rocker pivot point p.sub.3, and
(iii) a crank arm 40 attached at a first end (unnumbered) to the
drive shaft 30 and pivotally attached at a second end (unnumbered)
to the connector link 80 at a crank pivot point p.sub.4 which is
positioned on the connector link 80 intermediate the first end foot
link pivot point pi and the rocker pivot point p.sub.3.
[0102] As shown in FIGS. 7-10, the second connection system
includes (i) an intermediate link 110 pivotally attached at a first
end 110a to the second end of the crank arm 40 at pivot point
p.sub.4, (ii) a coupling link 120 pivotally attached at a first end
120a to the second end 110b of the intermediate link 110 at an
intermediate link pivot point p.sub.6 and pivotally attached at a
second end 120b to the frame 20 at a coupling link pivot point
p.sub.8, (iii) a turnbuckle 310 pivotally attached at a first end
310a to the coupling link 120 at a first turnbuckle pivot point
p.sub.9 spaced a distance along the length of the coupling link 120
from the coupling link pivot point p.sub.8, (iv) a bent crank arm
320 pivotally attached at a first end 320a to the second end 310b
of the turnbuckle 310 at a second turnbuckle pivot point p.sub.10,
(v) an arm axle 350 rotatably mounted to the frame 20 for rotation
about an angled axis w with a first end 350a of the arm axle 350
fixedly secured to the second end 320b of the bent crank arm 320
and the second end 350b of the arm axle 350 fixedly secured to the
first end 100a of the associated arm link 100 through an arm
mounting bracket 360.
[0103] A standard linkage member may be used to operably
interconnect the coupling link 120 and the bent crank arm 320
rather than a turnbuckle 310, but a turnbuckle 310 type linkage is
generally preferred as it can accommodate a modest misalignment of
the interconnected parts.
[0104] The turnbuckle 310 and bent crank arm 320 may alternatively
be configured and arranged to attach the first end 310a of the
turnbuckle 310 to a pivoting member other than the coupling link
120 (i.e., attachment to the crank arm 40, the rocker arm 70, the
connector link 80, etc.) in which case the intermediate link 110
and coupling link 120 are no longer needed.
[0105] A bearing housing 330 and flanged bearing 340 are employed
to rotatably secure the arm axle 350 to the frame 20. The bearing
housing 330 is secured to the frame 20 by a first mounting bracket
22 attached to a crossbeam 21 on the frame 20.
[0106] The angled mounting of the arm axle 350 relative to the
transverse axis z of the exercise machine 10 alters the path
traveled by the right and left hand grips 130r and 130s
(collectively hand grip 130) from the conventional paths of travel
(i.e., paths which are parallel to one another, parallel to the
path traveled by the foot support 56 and orthogonal to the primary
transverse axis z1) to converging paths 131p and 132 p (i.e., paths
which converge towards one another when traveling forward y.sub.1
and are angled relative to the path traveled by the foot support
56).
* * * * *