U.S. patent application number 10/224354 was filed with the patent office on 2006-12-07 for recording medium, recording apparatus and recording method for recording data into recording medium, and reproducing apparatus, and reproducing method for reproducing data from recording medium.
This patent application is currently assigned to KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA. Invention is credited to Shinchi Kikuchi, Tomoaki Kurano, Hideki Mimura, Kazuhiko Taira.
Application Number | 20060275021 10/224354 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 13865922 |
Filed Date | 2006-12-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060275021 |
Kind Code |
A9 |
Kikuchi; Shinchi ; et
al. |
December 7, 2006 |
Recording medium, recording apparatus and recording method for
recording data into recording medium, and reproducing apparatus,
and reproducing method for reproducing data from recording
medium
Abstract
Data is recorded in a data area of a disk in a hierarchical
structure of program chains, programs, cells and packs, each pack
is constructed by a pack header for identifying the pack and a
packet having a data stream recorded therein, the packet has a
packet header having a stream ID indicating at least a private
stream and a sub-stream ID indicating the classification of the
private stream described therein, and the classification indicates
packet data of Dolby AC3 audio data, packet data of linear audio
data, packet data of sub-picture data, or packet data of computer
data.
Inventors: |
Kikuchi; Shinchi;
(Yokohama-shi, JP) ; Taira; Kazuhiko;
(Yokohama-shi, JP) ; Kurano; Tomoaki;
(Yokomama-shi, JP) ; Mimura; Hideki;
(Yokohama-shi, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
PILLSBURY WINTHROP SHAW PITTMAN, LLP
P.O. BOX 10500
MCLEAN
VA
22102
US
|
Assignee: |
KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA
|
Prior
Publication: |
|
Document Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20020191963 A1 |
December 19, 2002 |
|
|
Family ID: |
13865922 |
Appl. No.: |
10/224354 |
Filed: |
August 21, 2002 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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09785161 |
Feb 20, 2001 |
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10224354 |
Aug 21, 2002 |
|
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|
09392788 |
Sep 9, 1999 |
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09785161 |
Feb 20, 2001 |
|
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09005027 |
Jan 12, 1998 |
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09392788 |
Sep 9, 1999 |
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08630250 |
Apr 10, 1996 |
6134383 |
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09005027 |
Jan 12, 1998 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
386/329 ;
375/E7.271; 375/E7.272; 386/E9.013; G9B/27.01; G9B/27.019;
G9B/27.033; G9B/27.05 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 3/0601 20130101;
H04N 21/4341 20130101; H04N 9/8227 20130101; G11B 20/1252 20130101;
H04N 21/42646 20130101; H04N 9/8205 20130101; H04N 5/765 20130101;
H04N 21/4325 20130101; G11B 27/329 20130101; G11B 2220/213
20130101; G06F 2003/0697 20130101; G11B 2220/2562 20130101; G11B
27/105 20130101; H04N 5/783 20130101; G11B 27/031 20130101; G11B
27/30 20130101; G11B 2020/10592 20130101; H04N 5/85 20130101; H04N
9/8216 20130101; G11B 27/034 20130101; G11B 27/3027 20130101; H04N
9/8042 20130101; H04N 9/8063 20130101; H04N 21/4348 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
386/095 ;
386/126 |
International
Class: |
H04N 5/781 20060101
H04N005/781 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 11, 1995 |
JP |
7-085693 |
Claims
1. A recording medium comprising: a management area formed in part
of an area; and a data area formed in another area; wherein data is
divided into a plurality of program chains and recorded in said
data area in a hierarchical structure in which each of the program
chains is constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is
constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by
a plurality of packs, each pack is constructed by a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having a data stream recorded
therein, and the packet is constructed by a packet header having
data indicating at least a private stream, data indicating the
classification of the private stream, and packet data corresponding
to the classification; and management data for managing the
connection between the program chains, programs, cells and packs in
said data area is recorded in said management area.
2. A recording medium according to claim 1, wherein data indicating
the classification of the private stream indicates the
classifications of data to be reproduced in a special way, Dolby
AC3 audio data, linear audio data, sub-picture data, computer data,
JPEG data, TIFF data, PICT data, photo CD data, bit map data, and
XA audio data.
3. A recording medium according to claim 2, wherein data indicating
the access position of a head frame in a pack is recorded the data
indicating the classification of the private stream indicates at
least one of linear audio data and Dolby AC3 audio data having data
of frame unit recorded therein.
4. A recording medium according to claim 2, wherein data indicating
the access position of a head frame in a pack is recorded after the
data indicating the classification of the private stream when the
data indicating the classification of the private stream indicates
at least one of linear audio data and Dolby AC3 audio data having
data of frame unit recorded therein.
5. A recording medium according to claim 2, wherein data indicating
an application operation system and the classification of a
computer in which pack data can be used is recorded after the data
indicating the classification of the private stream when the data
indicating the classification of the private stream indicates
computer data.
6. A recording medium comprising: a management area formed in part
of an area; and a data area formed in another area; wherein a
plurality of programs are recorded in said data area in a
hierarchical structure in which one program is constructed by a
plurality of packs, each pack is constructed by a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having a data stream recorded
therein, and the packet is constructed by a packet header having
data indicating at least a private stream, data indicating the
classification of the private stream, and packet data corresponding
to the classification; and management data for managing the
connection between the programs and packs in said data area is
recorded in said management area.
7. A recording medium according to claim 6, wherein data indicating
the classification of the private stream indicates the
classifications of data to be reproduced in a special way, Dolby
AC3 audio data, linear audio data, sub-picture data, computer data,
JPEG data, TIFF data, PICT data, photo CD data, bit map data, and
XA audio data.
8. A recording medium according to claim 7, wherein data indicating
the access position of a head frame is recorded the data indicating
the classification of the private stream indicates at least one of
linear audio data and Dolby Ac3 audio data having data of frame
unit recorded therein.
9. A recording medium according to claim 7, wherein data indicating
the access position of a head frame is recorded after the data
indicating the classification of the private stream when the data
indicating the classification of the private stream indicates at
least one of linear audio data and Dolby Ac3 audio data having data
of frame unit recorded therein.
10. A recording medium according to claim 7, wherein data
indicating an application operation system and the classification
of a computer in which pack data can be used is recorded after the
data indicating the classification of the private stream when the
data indicating the classification of the private stream indicates
computer data.
11. A recording method using a recording medium which includes a
management area formed in part of an area, and a data area formed
in another area and in which data is divided into a plurality of
program chains and recorded in said data area in a hierarchical
structure in which each of the program chains is constructed by a
plurality of programs, one program is constructed by a plurality of
cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality of packs, and
each pack is constructed by a pack header for identifying the pack
and a packet having data recorded therein; comprising the steps of:
receiving audio data or sub-picture data; creating a pack by adding
a pack header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes
packet data constructed by frame data of part of audio data
received, a start address of the frame data, a stream number of the
audio data and data indicating the audio data, and a packet header
having a packet length and data indicating that the packet data is
a private stream; creating a pack by adding a pack header for
identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet data
constructed by part of sub-picture data received, a stream number
of the sub-picture data and data indicating the sub-picture data,
and a packet header having a packet length and data indicating that
the packet data is a private stream; and recording the created pack
on the recording medium.
12. A recording method using a recording medium which includes a
management area formed in part of an area, and a data area formed
in another area and in which data is divided into a plurality of
program chains and recorded in said data area in a hierarchical
structure in which each of the program chains is constructed by a
plurality of programs, one program is constructed by a plurality of
cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality of packs, and
each pack is constructed by a pack header for identifying the pack
and a packet having data recorded therein; comprising the steps of:
receiving Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data, computer data or
sub-picture data; creating a pack by adding a pack header for
identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet data
constructed by frame data of part of Dolby AC3 audio data received,
a start address of the frame data, a stream number of the Dolby AC3
audio data and data indicating the Dolby AC3 audio data, and a
packet header having a packet length and data indicating that the
packet data is a private stream; creating a pack by adding a pack
header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet
data constructed by frame data of part of linear audio data
received, a start address of the frame data, a stream number of the
linear audio data and data indicating the linear audio data, and a
packet header having a packet length and data indicating that the
packet data is a private stream; creating a pack by adding a pack
header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet
data constructed by part of computer data received, environmental
data of application CPU and application OS of the computer data and
data indicating the computer data, and a packet header having a
packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; creating a pack by adding a pack header for identifying the
pack to a packet which includes packet data constructed by part of
sub-picture data received, a stream number of the sub-picture data
and data indicating the sub-picture data, and a packet header
having a packet length and data indicating that the packet data is
a private stream; and recording the created pack on the recording
medium.
13. A recording method using a recording medium which includes a
management area formed in part of an area, and a data area formed
in another area and in which data is divided into a plurality of
program chains and recorded in said data area in a hierarchical
structure in which each of the program chains is constructed by a
plurality of programs, one program is constructed by a plurality of
cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality of packs, and
each pack is constructed by a pack header for identifying the pack
and a packet having data recorded therein; comprising the steps of:
receiving data to be reproduced in a special way, Dolby AC3 audio
data, linear audio data, computer data or sub-picture data;
creating a pack by adding a pack header for identifying the pack to
a packet which includes packet data constructed by part of data to
be reproduced in a special way received, a stream number of the
data to be reproduced in a special way and data indicating the data
to be reproduced in a special way, and a packet header having a
packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; creating a pack by adding a pack header for identifying the
pack to a packet which includes packet data constructed by frame
data of part of Dolby AC3 audio data received, a start address of
the frame data, a stream number of the Dolby AC3 audio data and
data indicating the Dolby AC3 audio data, and a packet header
having a packet length and data indicating that the packet data is
a private stream; creating a pack by adding a pack header for
identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet data
constructed by frame data of part of linear audio data received, a
start address of the frame data, a stream number of the linear
audio data and data indicating the linear audio data, and a packet
header having a packet length and data indicating that the packet
data is a private stream; creating a pack by adding a pack header
for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet data
constructed by part of computer data received, environmental data
of application CPU and application OS of the computer data and data
indicating the computer data, and a packet header having a packet
length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; creating a pack by adding a pack header for identifying the
pack to a packet which includes packet data constructed by part of
sub-picture data received, a stream number of the sub-picture data
and data indicating the sub-picture data, and a packet header
having a packet length and data indicating that the packet data is
a private stream; and recording the created pack on the recording
medium.
14. An apparatus for recording data on a recording medium which
includes a management area formed in part of an area, and a data
area formed in another area and in which data is divided into a
plurality of program chains and recorded in the data area in a
hierarchical structure in which each of the program chains is
constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is constructed
by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality
of packs, each pack includes a pack header for identifying the pack
and a packet having data recorded therein; comprising: reception
means for receiving audio data or sub-picture data; first creating
means for creating a pack by adding a pack header for identifying
the pack to a packet which includes packet data constructed by
frame data of part of audio data received by said reception means,
a start address of the frame data, a stream number of the audio
data and data indicating the audio data, and a packet header having
a packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a
private stream; second creating means for creating a pack by adding
a pack header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes
packet data constructed by part of sub-picture data received by
said reception means, a stream number of the sub-picture data and
data indicating the sub-picture data, and a packet header having a
packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; and recording means for recording the pack created by said
first and second creating means on the recording medium.
15. An apparatus for recording data on a recording medium which
includes a management area formed in part of an area, and a data
area formed in another area and in which data is divided into a
plurality of program chains and recorded in the data area in a
hierarchical structure in which each of the program chains is
constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is constructed
by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality
of packs, each pack includes a pack header for identifying the pack
and a packet having data recorded therein; comprising: reception
means for receiving Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data,
computer data or sub-picture data; first creating means for
creating a pack by adding a pack header for identifying the pack to
a packet which includes packet data constructed by frame data of
part of Dolby AC3 audio data received by said reception means, a
start address of the frame data, a stream number of the Dolby AC3
audio data and data indicating the Dolby AC3 audio data, and a
packet header having a packet length and data indicating that the
packet data is a private stream; second creating means for creating
a pack by adding a pack header for identifying the pack to a packet
which includes packet data constructed by frame data of part of
linear audio data received by said reception means, a start address
of the frame data, a stream number of the linear audio data-and
data indicating the linear audio data, and a packet header having a
packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; third creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack
header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet
data constructed by part of computer data received by said
reception means, environmental data of an application CPU and
application OS of the computer data and data indicating the
computer data, and a packet header having a packet length and data
indicating that the packet data is a private stream; fourth
creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack header for
identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet data
constructed by part of sub-picture data received by said reception
means, a stream number of the sub-picture data and data indicating
the sub-picture data, and a packet header having a packet length
and data indicating that the packet data is a private stream; and
recording means for recording the pack created by said first to
fourth creating means on the recording medium.
16. An apparatus for recording data on a recording medium which
includes a management area formed in part of an area, and a data
area formed in another area and in which data is divided into a
plurality of program chains and recorded in the data area in a
hierarchical structure in which each of the program chains is
constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is constructed
by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality
of packs, each pack includes a pack header for identifying the pack
and a packet having data recorded therein; comprising: reception
means for receiving data to be reproduced in a special way, Dolby
AC3 audio data, linear audio data, computer data or sub-picture
data; first creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack
header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet
data constructed by part of data to be reproduced in a special way
received by said reception means, a stream number of the data to be
reproduced in a special way, and data indicating the data to be
reproduced in a special way, and a packet header having a packet
length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; second creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack
header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet
data constructed by frame data of part of Dolby AC3 audio data
received by said reception means, a start address of the frame
data, a stream number of the Dolby AC3 audio data and data
indicating the Dolby AC3 audio data, and a packet header having a
packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; third creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack
header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet
data constructed by frame data of part of linear audio data
received by said reception means, a start address of the frame
data, a stream number of the linear audio data and data indicating
the linear audio data, and a packet header having a packet length
and data indicating that the packet data is a private stream;
fourth creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack header
for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet data
constructed by part of computer data received by said reception
means, environmental data of an application CPU and application OS
of the computer data and data indicating the computer data, and a
packet header having a packet length and data indicating that the
packet data is a private stream; fifth creating means for creating
a pack by adding a pack header for identifying the pack to a packet
which includes packet data constructed by part of sub-picture data
received by said reception means, a stream number of the
sub-picture data and data indicating the sub-picture data, and a
packet header having a packet length and data indicating that the
packet data is a private stream; and recording means for recording
the pack created by said first to fifth creating means on the
recording medium.
17. A method of reproducing recorded data for each pack from a
recording medium which includes a management area formed in part of
an area, and a data area formed in another area and in which data
is divided into a plurality of program chains and recorded in the
data area in a hierarchical structure in which each of the program
chains is constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is
constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by
a plurality of packs, each pack includes a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having data recorded therein;
comprising the steps of: reading data for each pack on the
recording medium; determining whether or not data indicating a
private stream is present in a packet header of a pack read and
determining data length; determining whether data is audio data or
sub-picture data according to classification data of a stream which
is successively read when the private stream is determined;
extracting data in the readout pack data by an amount corresponding
to the determined data length according to a start address of frame
data which is successively read after the classification data of
the stream when the audio data is determined; extracting data in
the pack data successively read after the classification data of
the stream by an amount corresponding to the determined data length
when the sub-picture data is determined; subjecting the extracted
audio data or sub-picture data to a demodulation process
corresponding to the classification of the determined data; and
outputting the demodulated data.
18. A reproducing method of reproducing recorded data for each pack
from a recording medium which includes a management area formed in
part of an area, and a data area formed in another area and in
which data is divided into a plurality of program chains and
recorded in the data area in a hierarchical structure in which each
of the program chains is constructed by a plurality of programs,
one program is constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is
constructed by a plurality of packs, each pack includes a pack
header for identifying the pack and a packet having data recorded
therein; comprising the steps of: reading data for each pack on the
recording medium; determining whether or not data indicating a
private stream is present in a packet header of a readout pack and
determining data length; determining whether data is Dolby AC3
audio data, linear audio data, computer data or sub-picture data
according to classification data of a stream which is successively
read when the private stream is determined; extracting data in the
readout pack data by an amount corresponding to the determined data
length according to a start address of frame data which is
successively read after the classification data of the stream when
the Dolby AC3 audio data or linear audio data is determined;
extracting environmental data of application CPU and application OS
successively read after the classification data of the stream and
extracting data in the pack data successively read after the
environmental data by an amount corresponding to the determined
data length when the computer data is determined; extracting data
in the pack data successively read after the classification data of
the stream by an amount corresponding to the determined data length
when the sub-picture data is determined; subjecting the extracted
Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data or sub-picture data to a
demodulation process corresponding to the classification of
determined data; outputting the demodulated data; and outputting
the extracted program data and environmental data thereof.
19. A reproducing method of reproducing recorded data for each pack
from a recording medium which includes a management area formed in
part of an area, and a data area formed in another area and in
which data is divided into a plurality of program chains and
recorded in the data area in a hierarchical structure in which each
of the program chains is constructed by a plurality of programs,
one program is constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is
constructed by a plurality of packs, each pack includes a pack
header for identifying the pack and a packet having data recorded
therein; comprising the steps of: reading data for each pack on the
recording medium; determining whether or not data indicating a
private stream is present in a packet header of a readout pack and
determining data length; determining whether data is data to be
reproduced in a special way, Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio
data, computer data or sub-picture data according to classification
data of a stream which is successively read when the private stream
is determined; extracting data in the pack data successively read
after the classification data of the stream by an amount
corresponding to the determined data length when the data to be
reproduced in a special way is determined; extracting data in the
readout pack data by an amount corresponding to the determined data
length according to a start address of frame data which is
successively read after the classification data of the stream when
the Dolby AC3 audio data or linear audio data is determined;
extracting environmental data of application CPU and application OS
successively read after the classification data of the stream and
extracting data in the pack data successively read after the
environmental data by an amount corresponding to the determined
data length when the computer data is determined; extracting data
in the pack data successively read after the classification data of
the stream by an amount corresponding to the determined data length
when the sub-picture data is determined; subjecting the extracted
Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data or sub-picture data to a
demodulation process which corresponds to the classification of
determined data, and operator in accordance with data to be
reproduced in a special way; outputting the demodulated data; and
outputting the extracted program data and environmental data
thereof.
20. An apparatus for reproducing recorded data for each pack from a
recording medium which includes a management area formed in part of
an area, and a data area formed in another area and in which data
is divided into a plurality of program chains and recorded in the
data area in a hierarchical structure in which each of the program
chains is constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is
constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by
a plurality of packs, each pack includes a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having data recorded therein;
comprising: reading means for reading data for each pack on the
recording medium; first determining means for determining whether
or not data indicating a private stream is present in a packet
header of a pack read by said reading means and determining data
length; second determining means for determining whether data is
audio data or sub-picture data according to classification data of
a stream which is successively read when said first determining
means has determined the private stream; first extraction means for
extracting audio data in the pack data read by said reading means
by an amount corresponding to the data length determined by said
first determining means according to a start address of frame data
which is successively read after the classification data of the
stream when said second determining means has determined the audio
data; second extraction means for extracting data in the pack data
successively read by said reading means after the classification
data of the stream by an amount corresponding to the data length
determined by said first determining means when said second
determining means has determined the sub-picture data; demodulating
means for subjecting data extracted by said first or second
extraction means to a demodulation process corresponding to
classification of data determined by said second determining means;
and output means for outputting data demodulated by said
demodulating means.
21. An apparatus for reproducing recorded data for each pack from a
recording medium which includes a management area formed in part of
an area, and a data area formed in another area and in which data
is divided into a plurality of program chains and recorded in the
data area in a hierarchical structure in which each of the program
chains is constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is
constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by
a plurality of packs, each pack includes a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having data recorded therein,
comprising: reading means for reading data for each pack on the
recording medium; first determining means for determining whether
or not data indicating a private stream is present in a packet
header of a pack read by said reading means and determining data
length; second determining means for determining whether data is
Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data, computer data or
sub-picture data according to classification data of a stream which
is successively read when said first determining means has
determined the private stream; first extraction means for
extracting Dolby AC3 audio data or linear audio data in the pack
data read by said reading means by an amount corresponding to the
data length determined by said first determining means according to
a start address of frame data which is successively read after the
classification data of the stream when said second determining
means has determined the Dolby AC3 audio data or linear audio data;
second extraction means for extracting environmental data of
application CPU and application OS successively read after the
classification data of the stream and extracting data in the pack
data successively read by said reading means after the
environmental data by an amount corresponding to the data length
determined by said first determining means when said second
determining means has determined the computer data; third
extraction means for extracting data in the pack data successively
read by said reading means after the classification data of the
stream by an amount corresponding to the data length determined by
said first determining means when said second determining means has
determined the sub-picture data; demodulating means for subjecting
data extracted by said first or third extraction means to a
demodulation process corresponding to the classification of data
determined by said second determining means; first output means for
outputting data demodulated by said demodulating means; and second
output means for outputting program data extracted by said second
extraction means and environmental data thereof.
22. An apparatus for reproducing recorded data for each pack from a
recording medium which includes a management area formed in part of
an area, and a data area formed in another area and in which data
is divided into a plurality of program chains and recorded in the
data area in a hierarchical structure in which each of the program
chains is constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is
constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by
a plurality of packs, each pack includes a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having data recorded therein,
comprising: reading means for reading data for each pack on the
recording medium; first determining means for determining whether
or not data indicating a private stream is present in a packet
header of a pack read by said reading means and determining data
length; second determining means for determining whether data is
data to be reproduced in a special way Dolby AC3 audio data, linear
audio data, computer data or sub-picture data according to
classification data of a stream which is successively read when
said first determining means has determined the private stream;
first extrication means for extracting data in the pack data
successively read by said reading means after the classification
data of the stream by an amount corresponding to the data length
determined by said first determining means when said second
determining means has determined the data to be reproduced in a
special way; second extraction means for extracting Dolby AC3 audio
data or linear audio data in the pack data read by said reading
means by an amount corresponding to the data length determined by
said first determining means according to a start address of frame
data which is successively read after the classification data of
the stream when said second determining means has determined the
Dolby AC3 audio data or linear audio data; third extraction means
for extracting environmental data of application CPU and
application OS successively read after the classification data of
the stream and extracting data in the pack data successively read
by said reading means after the environmental data by an amount
corresponding to the data length determined by said first
determining means when said second determining means has determined
the computer data; fourth extraction means for extracting data in
the pack data successively read by said reading means after the
classification data of the stream by an amount corresponding to the
data length determined by said first determining means when said
second determining means has determined the sub-picture data;
demodulating means for subjecting data extracted by said first or
fourth extraction means to a demodulation process which corresponds
to the classification of data determined by said second determining
means, and operator in accordance with data to be reproduced in a
special way; first output means for outputting data demodulated by
said demodulating means; and second output means for outputting
program data extracted by said second extraction means and
environmental data thereof.
23. A method of reproducing data, comprising the steps of:
receiving data transferred from a device, said data consisting of a
plurality of data units representing objects to be reproduced
sequentially, each data unit being a stream of compressed data
packs each including at least one of audio data, video data and
sub-picture data; determining whether or not data indicating a
private stream is present in a packet header of each pack received,
and determining a length of each pack; determining whether data is
audio data or sub-picture data according to classification data of
a stream which is successively received when the private stream is
determined; extracting data in the readout pack data by an amount
corresponding to the determined data length according to a start
address of frame data which is successively received after the
classification data of the stream when the audio data is
determined; extracting data in the pack data successively received
after the classification data of the stream by an amount
corresponding to the determined data length when the sub-picture
data is determined; subjecting the extracted audio data or
sub-picture data to a demodulation process corresponding to the
classification of the determined data; and outputting the
demodulated data.
24. A method of reproducing data, comprising the steps of:
receiving data transferred from a device, said data consisting of a
plurality of data units representing objects to be reproduced
sequentially, each data unit being a stream of compressed data
packs each including at least one of audio data, video data and
sub-picture data; determining whether or not data indicating a
private stream is present in a packet header of each pack received,
and determining a length of each pack; determining whether data is
data to be reproduced in a special way, Dolby AC3 audio data,
linear audio data, computer data or sub-picture data according to
classification data of a stream which is successively received when
the private stream is determined; extracting data in the received
pack data by an amount corresponding to the determined data length
according to a start address of frame data which is successively
received after the classification data of the stream when the Dolby
AC3 audio data or linear audio data is determined; extracting
environmental data of application CPU and application OS
successively received after the classification data of the stream
and extracting data in the pack data successively received after
the environmental data by an amount corresponding to the determined
data length when the computer data is determined; extracting data
in the pack data successively received after the classification
data of the stream by an amount corresponding to the determined
data length when the sub-picture data is determined; subjecting the
extracted Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data or sub-picture
data to a demodulation process which corresponds to the
classification of determined data and operator in accordance with
data to be reproduced in a special way; outputting the demodulated
data; and outputting the extracted program data and environmental
data thereof.
25. A method of reproducing data, comprising the steps of:
receiving data transferred from a device, said data consisting of a
plurality of data units representing objects to be reproduced
sequentially, each data unit being a stream of compressed data
packs each including at least one of audio data, video data and
sub-picture data; determining whether or not data indicating a
private stream is present in a packet header of each pack received,
and determining a length of each pack; determining whether data is
data to be reproduced in a special way Dolby AC3 audio data, linear
audio data, computer data or sub-picture data according to
classification data of a stream which is successively received when
the private stream is determined; extracting data in the pack data
by an amount corresponding to the determined data length according
to a start address of frame data which is successively received
after the classification data of the stream when the Dolby AC3
audio data linear audio data is determined; extracting
environmental data of application CPU and application OS
successively received after the classification data of the stream
and extracting data in the pack data successively read after the
environmental data by an amount corresponding to the determined
data length when the computer data is determined; extracting data
in the pack data successively received after the classification
data of the stream by an amount corresponding to the determined
data length when the sub-picture data is determined; subjecting the
extracted data to be reproduced in a special way Dolby AC3 audio
data, linear audio data or sub-picture data to a demodulation
process corresponding to the classification of the determined data;
outputting the demodulated data; and outputting the extracted
program data and environmental data thereof.
26. An apparatus for reproducing data comprising: receiving means
for receiving data transferred from a device, said data consisting
of a plurality of data units representing objects to be reproduced
sequentially, each data unit being a stream of compressed data
packs each including at least one of audio data, video data and
sub-picture data; first determining means for determining whether
or not data indicating a private stream is present in a packet
header of each pack received by said receiving means, and
determining a length of each pack; second determining means for
determining whether data is audio data or sub-picture data
according to classification data of a stream which is successively
received when said first determining means has determined the
private stream; first extraction means for extracting audio data in
the pack data received by an amount corresponding to the data
length determined by said first determining means according to a
start address of frame data which is successively received after
the classification data of the stream when said second determining
means has determined the audio data; second extraction means for
extracting data in the pack data successively received after the
classification data of the stream by an amount corresponding to the
data length determined by said first determining means when said
second determining means has determined the sub-picture data;
demodulating means for subjecting data extracted by said first or
second extraction means to a demodulation process corresponding to
classification of data determined by said second determining means;
and output means for outputting data demodulated by said
demodulating means.
27. An apparatus for reproducing data comprising: receiving means
for receiving data transferred from a device, said data consisting
of a plurality of data units representing objects to be reproduced
sequentially, each data unit being a stream of compressed data
packs each including at least one of audio data, video data and
sub-picture data; first determining means for determining whether
or not data indicating a private stream is present in a packet
header of each pack received by said receiving means, and
determining a length of each pack; second determining means for
determining whether data is Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio
date, computer data or sub-picture data according to classification
data of a stream which is successively received when said first
determining means has determined the private stream; first
extraction means for extracting Dolby AC3 audio data or linear
audio data in the pack data read by said reading means by an amount
corresponding to the data length determined by said first
determining means according to a start address of frame data which
is successively received after the classification data of the
stream when said second determining means has determined the Dolby
AC3 audio data or linear audio data; second extraction means for
extracting environmental data of application CPU and application OS
successively received after the classification data of the stream
and extracting data in the pack data successively read by said
reading means after the environmental data by an amount
corresponding to the data length determined by said first
determining means when said second determining means has determined
the computer data; third extraction means for extracting data in
the pack data successively received after the classification data
the stream by an amount corresponding to the data length determined
by said first determining means when said second determining means
has determined the sub-picture data; demodulating means for
subjecting data extracted by said first or third extraction means
to a demodulation process corresponding to the classification of
data determined by said second determining means; first output
means for outputting data demodulated by said demodulating means;
and second output means for outputting program data extracted by
said second extraction means and environmental data thereof.
28. An apparatus for reproducing data comprising: receiving means
for receiving data transferred from a device, said data consisting
of a plurality of data units representing objects to be reproduced
sequentially, each data unit being a stream of compressed data
packs each including at least one of audio data, video data and
sub-picture data; first determining means for determining whether
or not data indicating a private stream is present in a packet
header of each pack received by said receiving means, and
determining a length of each pack; second determining means for
determining whether data is data to be reproduced in a special way
Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data, computer data or
sub-picture data according to classification data of a stream which
is successively read when said first determining means has
determined the private stream; first extraction means for
extracting data in the pack data successively received after the
classification data of the stream by an amount corresponding to the
data length determined by said first determining means when said
second determining means has determined the data to be reproduced
in a special way; second extraction means for extracting Dolby AC3
audio data or linear audio data in the pack data received by said
by an amount corresponding to the data length determined by said
first determining means according to a start address of frame data
which is successively received after the classification data of the
stream when said second determining means has determined the Dolby
AC3 audio data and linear audio data; third extraction means for
extracting environmental data of application CPU and application OS
successively received after the classification data of the stream
and extracting data in the pack data successively received after
the environmental data by an amount corresponding to the data
length determined by said first determining means when said second
determining means has determined the computer data; fourth
extraction means for extracting data in the pack data successively
received after the classification data of the stream by an amount
corresponding to the data length determined by said first
determining means when said second determining means has determined
the sub-picture data; demodulating means for subjecting data
extracted by said first or fourth extraction means to a
demodulation process which corresponds to the classification of
data determined by said second determining means, and operator in
accordance with data to be reproduced in a special way; first
output means for outputting data demodulated by said demodulating
means; and second output means for outputting program data
extracted by said second extraction means and environmental data
thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] This invention relates to a recording medium such as an
optical disk for recording data items of different classifications
used for different purposes, for example, compressed moving picture
data and audio data, a recording apparatus for recording data into
the recording medium, a recording method for recording data into
the recording medium, a reproducing apparatus for reproducing data
from the recording medium, and a reproducing method for reproducing
data from the recording medium.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Conventionally, as a system for compressing (coding) digital
moving picture image data and audio data, an MPEG (Moving Picture
Experts Group) system is internationally standardized. The MPEG
compression system is a system for subjecting digital moving
picture image data and audio data to the variable-length
compression.
[0005] Further, the system format system corresponding to the MPEG
compression system is defined as an MPEG system layer.
[0006] The MPEG system layer is so defined as to be easily dealt
with in a communication system, and transfer starting time and
reproduction starting time represented by using reference time are
defined for moving picture data, audio data and other data so that
the above data items can be transferred and reproduced in
synchronism with one another.
[0007] Further, in the MPEG system layer, the data classifications
of moving picture compressed data stream (MPEG moving picture data)
and audio compressed data stream (MPEG audio data) are defined by
use of stream ID, and the other data classification can be defined
by the user as a private stream.
[0008] However, in this case, the user can add but two kinds of
data classification which, and the expandability is limited.
[0009] As a result, it becomes impossible to freely deal with
various classifications of data items and cope with the condition
in the multimedia age.
[0010] Further, if a maximum data length is set for packets of data
other than MPEG audio data and if the data length of the packet
cannot be divided by the number of data items of a completed frame
data block, the preceding data block will enter the packet and
there occurs a possibility that the starting address of the frame
data block cannot be determined, and when data is reproduced
halfway, it may be impossible to reproduce the data.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] An object of this invention is to make it possible to deal
with various classifications of data items.
[0012] Further, another object of this invention is to make it
possible to reproduce data halfway when data to be dealt with is
linear audio data, and make it possible to easily detect the
environment in which data can be used when data to be dealt with is
computer data.
[0013] According to this invention, there is provided a recording
medium comprising a management area formed in part of an area; and
a data area formed in another area; wherein data is divided into a
plurality of program chains and recorded in the data area in a
hierarchical structure in which each of the program chains is
constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is constructed
by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality
of packs, each pack is constructed by a pack header for identifying
the pack and a packet having a data stream recorded therein, and
the packet is constructed by a picket header having data indicating
at least a private stream, data indicating the classification of
the private stream, and packet data corresponding to the
classification; and management data for managing the connection
between the program chains, programs, cells and packs in the data
area is recorded in the management area.
[0014] According to this invention, there is provided a recording
medium comprising a management area formed in part of an area; and
a data area formed in another area; wherein a plurality of programs
are recorded in the data area in a hierarchical structure in which
one program is constructed by a plurality of packs, each pack is
constructed by a pack header for identifying the pack and a packet
having a data stream recorded therein, and the packet is
constructed by a packet header having data indicating at least a
private stream, data indicating the classification of the private
stream, and packet data corresponding to the classification; and
management data for managing the connection between the programs
and packs in the data area is recorded in the management area.
[0015] According to this invention, there is provided a is
recording apparatus for recording data on a recording medium which
includes a management area formed in part of an area, and a data
area formed in another area and in which data is divided into a
plurality of program chains and recorded in the data area in a
hierarchical structure in which each of the program chains is
constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is constructed
by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality
of packs, each pack includes a pack header for identifying the pack
and a packet having data recorded therein; comprising reception
means for receiving audio data or sub-picture data; first creating
means for creating a pack by adding a pack header for identifying
the pack to a packet which includes packet data constructed by
frame data of part of audio data received by the reception means, a
start address of the frame data, a stream number of the audio data
and data indicating the audio data, and a packet header having a
packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; second creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack
header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet
data constructed by part of sub-picture data received by the
reception means, a stream number of the sub-picture data and data
indicating the sub-picture data, and a packet header having a
packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; and recording means for recording the pack created by the
first and second creating means on the recording medium.
[0016] According to this invention, there is provided a recording
apparatus for recording data on a recording medium which includes a
management area formed in part of an area, and a data area formed
in another area and in which data is divided into a plurality of
program chains and recorded in the data area in a hierarchical
structure in which each of the program chains is constructed by a
plurality of programs, one program is constructed by a plurality of
cells, and one cell is constructed by a plurality of packs, each
pack includes a pack header for identifying the pack and a packet
having data recorded therein; comprising reception means for
receiving Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data, computer data or
sub-picture data; first creating means for creating a pack by
adding a pack header for identifying the pack to a packet which
includes packet data constructed by frame data of part of Dolby AC3
audio data received by the reception means, a start address of the
frame data, a stream number of the Dolby AC3 audio data and data
indicating the Dolby AC3 audio data, and a packet header having a
packet length and data indicating that the packet data is a private
stream; second creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack
header for identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet
data constructed by frame data of part of linear audio data
received by the reception means, a start address of the frame data,
a stream number of the linear audio data and data indicating the
linear audio data, and a packet header having a packet length and
data indicating that the packet data is a private stream; third
creating means for creating a pack by adding a pack header for
identifying the pack to a packet which includes packet data
constructed by part of computer data received by the reception
means, environmental data of an application CPU and application OS
of the computer data and data indicating the computer data, and a
packet header having a packet length and data indicating that the
packet data is a private stream; fourth creating means for creating
a pack by adding a pack header for identifying the pack to a packet
which includes packet data constructed by part of sub-picture data
received by the reception means, a stream number of the sub-picture
data and data indicating the sub-picture data, and a packet header
having a packet length and data indicating that the packet data is
a private stream; and recording means for recording the pack
created by the first to fourth creating means on the recording
medium.
[0017] According to this invention, there is provided a reproducing
apparatus for reproducing recorded data for each pack from a
recording medium which includes a management area formed in part of
an area, and a data area formed in another area and in which data
is divided into a plurality of program chains and recorded in the
data area in a hierarchical structure in which each of the program
chains is constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is
constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by
a plurality of packs, each pack includes a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having data recorded therein;
comprising reading means for reading data for each pack on the
recording medium; first determining means for determining whether
or not data indicating a private stream is present in a packet
header of a pack read by the reading means and determining data
length; second determining means for determining whether data is
audio data or sub-picture data according to classification data of
a stream which is successively read when the first determining
means has determined the private stream; first extraction means for
extracting audio data in the pack data read by the reading means by
an amount corresponding to the data length determined by the first
determining means according to a start address of frame data which
is successively read after the classification data of the stream
when the second determining means has determined the audio data;
second extraction means for extracting data in the pack data
successively read by the reading means after the classification
data-of the stream by an amount corresponding to the data length
determined by the first determining means when the second
determining means has determined the sub-picture data; demodulating
means for subjecting data extracted by the first or second
extraction means to a demodulation process corresponding to
classification of data determined by the second determining means;
and output means for outputting data demodulated by the
demodulating means.
[0018] According to this invention, there is provided a reproducing
apparatus for reproducing recorded data for each pack from a
recording medium which includes a management area formed in part of
an area, and a data area formed in another area and in which data
is divided into a plurality of program chains and recorded in the
data area in a hierarchical structure in which each of the program
chains is constructed by a plurality of programs, one program is
constructed by a plurality of cells, and one cell is constructed by
a plurality of packs, each pack includes a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having data recorded therein;
comprising reading means for reading data for each pack on the
recording medium; first determining means for determining whether
or not data indicating a private stream is present in a packet
header of a pack read by the reading means and determining data
length; second determining means for determining whether data is
Dolby AC3 audio data, linear audio data, computer data or
sub-picture data according to classification data of a stream which
is successively read when the first determining means has
determined the private stream; first extraction means for
extracting Dolby AC3 audio data or linear audio data in the pack
data read by the reading means by an amount corresponding to the
data length determined by the first determining means according to
a start address of frame data which is successively read after the
classification data of the stream when the second determining means
has determined the Dolby AC3 audio data or linear audio data;
second extraction means for extracting environmental data of
application CPU and application OS successively read after the
classification data of the stream and extracting data in the pack
data successively read by the reading means after the environmental
data by an amount corresponding to the data length determined by
the first determining means when the second determining means has
determined the computer data; third extraction means for extracting
data in the pack data successively read by the reading means after
the classification data of the stream by an amount corresponding to
the data length determined by the first determining means when the
second determining means has determined the sub-picture data;
demodulating means for subjecting data extracted by the first or
third extraction means to a demodulation process corresponding to
the classification of data determined by the second determining
means; first output means for outputting data demodulated by the
demodulating means; and second output means for outputting program
data extracted by the second extraction means and environmental
data thereof.
[0019] Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be
set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be
obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the
invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be
realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and
combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and
constitute a part of the specification, illustrate a presently
preferred embodiment of the invention and, together with the
general description given above and the detailed description of the
preferred embodiment given below, serve to explain the principles
of the invention.
[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an optical disk
apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the mechanical section
of the disk drive unit of FIG. 1;
[0023] FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of
an optical disk loaded in the disk drive unit of FIG. 1;
[0024] FIG. 4 shows the structure of the logic format of the
optical disk of FIG. 3;
[0025] FIG. 5 shows the structure of the video manager of FIG.
4;
[0026] FIG. 6 shows an example of the structure of the video object
set (VOBS) shown in FIG. 5;
[0027] FIG. 7 is a diagram to help explain the structure of the
video object unit of FIG. 6;
[0028] FIG. 8 shows the parameters and contents of the video manger
information management table (VMGI_MAT) in the video manager (VMGI)
of FIG. 5;
[0029] FIG. 9 shows the structure of the title search pointer table
(TT_SRPT) in the video manager (VMGI) of FIG. 5;
[0030] FIG. 10 shows the parameters and contents of the title
search pointer table information (TT-SRPTI) in the title search
pointer table (TSPT) of FIG. 9;
[0031] FIG. 11 shows the parameters and contents of the title
search pointer (TT_SRP) corresponding to the input number in the
title search pointer table (TSPT) of FIG. 9;
[0032] FIG. 12 illustrates the structure of the video title set of
FIG. 4;
[0033] FIG. 13 shows the parameters and contents of the video title
set information management table (VTSI_MAT) of the video title set
information (VTSI) of FIG. 12;
[0034] FIG. 14 illustrates the structure of the video title set
program chain information table (VTS_PGCIT) of the video title set
information (VTSI) of FIG. 12;
[0035] FIG. 15 shows the parameters and contents of the information
(VTS_PGCIT_I) in the video title set program chain information
table (VTS_PGCIT) of FIG. 14;
[0036] FIG. 16 shows the parameters and contents of the search
pointer (VTS_PGCIT_SRP) corresponding to the program chain in the
video title set program chain information table (VTS_PGCIT) of FIG.
14;
[0037] FIG. 17 illustrates the structure of the program chain
information (VTS_PGCI) in the video set corresponding to the
program chain in the video title set program chain information
table (VTS_PGCIT) of FIG. 14;
[0038] FIG. 18 shows the parameters and contents of the program
chain general information (PGC_GI) in the program chain information
(VTS_PGCI) of FIG. 17;
[0039] FIG. 19 illustrates the structure of a program chain map
(PGC_PGMAP) of the program chain information (VTS_PGCI) of FIG.
17;
[0040] FIG. 20 shows the parameters and contents of the entry cell
numbers (ECELLN) corresponding to the programs written in the
program chain map (PGC_PGMAP) of FIG. 19;
[0041] FIG. 21 illustrate the structure of the cell playback
information table (C_PBIT) of the program chain information
(VTS_PGCI) of FIG. 17;
[0042] FIG. 22 shows the parameters and contents of the cell
playback information table (C_PBIT) of FIG. 21;
[0043] FIG. 23 illustrates the structure of the cell position
information (C_POSI) in the program chain information (VTS_PGCI) of
FIG. 18;
[0044] FIG. 24 shows the parameters and contents of the cell
position information (C_POSI) of FIG. 23;
[0045] FIG. 25 illustrates the structure of the navigation pack of
FIG. 6;
[0046] FIG. 26 illustrates the structure of the video, audio,
sub-picture, or VBI pack of FIG. 6;
[0047] FIG. 27 shows the parameters and contents of the playback
control information (PCI) in the navigation pack of FIG. 26;
[0048] FIG. 28 shows the parameters and contents of the general
information (PCI_GI) in the playback control information (PCI) of
FIG. 27;
[0049] FIG. 29 shows the parameters and contents of the disk search
information (DSI) in the navigation pack of FIG. 26;
[0050] FIG. 30 shows the parameters and contents of the DSI general
information (DSI_GI) in the disk search information of FIG. 29;
[0051] FIG. 31 shows the parameters and contents of the
synchronizing playback information (SYNCI) on the video object
(VOB) of FIG. 29;
[0052] FIGS. 32, 33 are diagrams for illustrating the structure of
a pack;
[0053] FIG. 34 is a diagram for illustrating an example of
adjustment in a case where the adjustment data length is seven
bytes or more;
[0054] FIG. 35 is a diagram for illustrating an example of
adjustment in a case where the adjustment data length is six bytes
or less;
[0055] FIGS. 36A, 36B are diagrams for illustrating the structure
of a video pack;
[0056] FIGS. 37A, 37B are diagrams for illustrating the structure
of an audio pack;
[0057] FIG. 38 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a
sub-picture pack;
[0058] FIG. 39 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a
computer data pack;
[0059] FIG. 40 is a diagram for illustrating the environmental
classification of computer data;
[0060] FIG. 41 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of
stream ID;
[0061] FIG. 42 is a diagram for illustrating the content of
sub-stream ID for private stream 1;
[0062] FIG. 43 is a diagram for illustrating the content of
sub-stream ID for private stream 2;
[0063] FIG. 44 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of an
audio pack and packet;
[0064] FIG. 45 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a
computer data pack and packet;
[0065] FIG. 46 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a
sub-picture pack and packet;
[0066] FIG. 47 is a block diagram for illustrating the construction
of a packet transfer processing section;
[0067] FIG. 48 is a flowchart for illustrating the procedure of a
reproduction process for video data, audio data, sub-picture data,
and computer data;
[0068] FIG. 49 is a flowchart for illustrating the packet
transferring process;
[0069] FIG. 50 is a block diagram of an encoder system that encodes
the video data and generates a video file;
[0070] FIG. 51 is a flowchart for an encoding process of FIG.
50;
[0071] FIG. 52 is a flowchart for combining the main video data,
audio data, and sup-picture data all encoded according to the flow
of FIG. 51 to create a video data file;
[0072] FIG. 53 is a block diagram of a disk formatter system that
records the formatted video files on an optical disk;
[0073] FIG. 54 is a flowchart for creating logic data to be
recorded on a disk in the disk formatter of FIG. 53;
[0074] FIG. 55 is a flowchart for creating from the logic data the
physical data to be recorded on a disk; and
[0075] FIG. 56 is a schematic diagram of a system that transfers
the video title set of FIG. 4 via a communication route.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0076] Hereinafter, referring to the accompanying drawings, an
optical disk reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of
the present invention will be explained.
[0077] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an optical disk reproducing
apparatus that reproduces the data from an optical disk associated
with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block
diagram of the disk drive section that drives the optical disk
shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows the structure of the optical disk
shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0078] As shown in FIG. 1, the optical disk reproducing apparatus
comprises a key/display section 4, a monitor section 6, and a
speaker section 8. When the user operates the key/display section
4, this causes the recorded data to be reproduced from an optical
disk 10. The recorded data contains video data; sub-picture data,
and audio data, which are converted into video signals and audio
signals. The monitor section 6 displays images according to the
video signals and the speaker section 8 generates sound according
to the audio signals.
[0079] It is known that the optical disk 10 is available with
various structures. For instance, one type of the optical disk 10
is a read-only disk on which data is recorded with a high density
as shown in FIG. 3. The optical disk 10, as shown in FIG. 3, is
made up of a pair of composite layers 18 and an adhesive layer 20
sandwiched between the composite disk layers 18. Each of the
composite disk layers 18 is composed of a transparent substrate 14
and a recording layer or a light-reflecting layer 16. The disk
layer 18 is arranged so that the light-reflecting layer 16 may be
in contact with the surface of the adhesive layer 20. A center hole
22 is made in the optical disk 10. On the periphery of the center
hole 22 on both sides, clamping areas 24 are provided which are
used to clamp the optical disk 10 during its rotation. When the
disk 10 is loaded in the optical disk apparatus, the spindle of a
spindle motor 12 shown in FIG. 2 is inserted into the center hole
22. As long as the disk is being rotated, it continues clamped at
the clamping areas 24.
[0080] As shown in FIG. 3, the optical disk 10 has an information
zone 25 around the clamping zone 24 on each side, the information
zones allowing the information to be recorded on the optical disk
10. In each information area 25, its outer circumference area is
determined to be a lead-out area 26 in which no information is
normally recorded, its inner circumference area adjoining the
clamping area 24 is determined to be a lead-in area 27 in which no
information is normally recorded, and the area between the lead-out
area 26 and the lead-in area 27 is determined to be a data
recording area 28.
[0081] At the recording layer 16 in the information area 25, a
continuous spiral track is normally formed as an area in which data
is to be recorded. The continuous track is divided into a plurality
of physical sectors, which are assigned serial numbers. On the
basis of the sectors, data is recorded. The data recording area 28
in the information recording area 25 is an actual data recording
area, in which management data, main video data, sub-picture data,
and audio data are recorded in the form of pits (that is, in the
form of changes in the physical state) as explained later. With the
read-only optical disk 10, a train of pits is previously formed in
the transparent substrate 14 by a stamper, a reflecting layer is
formed by evaporation on the surface of the transparent substrate
14 in which the pit train is formed, and the reflecting layer
serves as the recording layer 16. In the read-only optical disk 10,
a groove is normally not provided as a track and the pit train in
the surface of the transparent substrate 14 serves as a track.
[0082] The optical disk apparatus 12, as shown in FIG. 1, further
comprises a disk drive section 30, a system CPU section 50, a
system ROM/RAM section 52, a system processor section 54, a data
RAM section 60, a video decoder 58, an audio decoder section 60, a
sub-picture decoder section 62, and a D/A and data reproducing
section 64. The system processor section 54 is provided with a
system time clock (STC) 54A and a register 54B. The video decorder
section 58, audio decorder section 60, and sub-picture decorder
section 62 are also provided with system time clocks (STC) 58A,
60A, 62A, respectively.
[0083] As shown in FIG. 2, the disk drive section 30 contains a
motor driving circuit 11, a spindle motor 12, an optical head 32
(i.e., an optical pickup), a feed motor 33, a focus circuit 36, a
feed motor driving circuit 37, a tracking circuit 38, a head
amplifier 40, and a servo processing circuit 44. The optical disk
10 is placed on the spindle motor 12 driven by the motor driving
circuit 11 and is rotated by the spindle motor 12. The optical head
32 that projects a laser beam on the optical disk 10 is located
under the optical disk 10. The optical head 32 is placed on a guide
mechanism (not shown). The feed motor driving circuit 37 is
provided to supply a driving signal to the feed motor 33. The motor
33 is driven by the driving signal and moves in and out the optical
head 32 across the radius of the optical disk 10. The optical head
32 is provided with an object lens 34 positioned so as to face the
optical disk 10. The object lens 34 is moved according to the
driving signal supplied from the focus circuit 36 so as to move
along its optical axis.
[0084] To reproduce the data from the above optical disk, the
optical head 32 projects a laser beam on the optical disk 10 via
the object lens 34. The object lens 34 is moved little by little
across the radius of the optical disk 10 according to the driving
signal supplied from the tracking circuit 38. Furthermore, the
object lens 34 is moved along its optical axis according to the
driving signal supplied from the focusing circuit 36 so that its
focal point may be positioned on the recording layer 16 of the
optical disk 10. This causes the laser beam to form the smallest
beam spot on the spiral track (i.e., the pit train), enabling the
beam spot to trace the track. The laser beam is reflected from the
recording layer 16 and returned to the optical head 32. The optical
head 32 converts the beam reflected from the optical disk 10 into
an electric signal, which is supplied from the optical head 32 to
the servo processing circuit 44 via the head amplifier 40. From the
electric signal, the servo processing circuit 44 produces a focus
signal, a tracking signal, and a motor control signal and supplies
these signals to the focus circuit 36, tracking circuit 38, and
motor driving circuit 11, respectively.
[0085] Therefore, the object lens 34 is moved along its optical
axis and across the radius of the optical disk 10, its focal point
is positioned on the recording layer 16 of the optical disk 10, and
the laser beam forms the smallest beam spot on the spiral track.
Furthermore, the spindle motor 12 is rotated by the motor driving
circuit 11 at a specific rotating speed. This allows the beam to
track at, for example, a constant linear speed.
[0086] The system CPU section 50 of FIG. 1 supplies to the servo
processing circuit 44 a control signal serving as an access signal.
In response to the control signal, the servo processing circuit 44
supplies a head-moving signal to the feed motor driving circuit 37,
which supplies a driving signal to the feed motor 33. Then, the
feed motor 33 is driven, causing the optical head 32 to move across
the radius of the optical disk 10. Then, the optical head 32
accesses a specific sector formed at the recording layer 16 of the
optical disk 10. The data is reproduced from the specific sector by
the optical head 32, which then supplies it to the head amplifier
40. The head amplifier 40 amplifies the reproduced data, which is
outputted at the disk drive section 30.
[0087] The reproduced data is transferred and stored in a data RAM
section 56 by the system processor section 54 which is controlled
by the system CPU section 50 which is operated in accordance with
the programs stored in the system ROM/RAM section 52. The stored
reproduced data is processed at the system processor section 54,
which sorts the data into video data, audio data, and sub-picture
data, which are supplied to the video decoder section 58, audio
decoder section 60, and sub-picture decoder section 62,
respectively, and are decoded at the respective decoders. The D/A
and data-reproducing section 64 converts the decoded video data,
audio data, and sub-picture data into an analog video signal, an
analog audio signal, and an analog sub-picture signal, subjects
these signal to a mixing process, and supplies the resulting video
signal and sub-picture signal to the monitor section 6 and the
resulting audio signal to the speaker section 8. Then, on the basis
of the video signal and sup-picture signal, an image is displayed
on the monitor section 6 and according to the audio signal, sound
is simultaneously reproduced from the speaker section 8.
[0088] The detailed operation of the optical disk apparatus of FIG.
1 will be described later with reference to the logic format of the
optical disk explained below.
[0089] The data recording area 28 between the lead-in area 27 and
the lead-out area 26 on the optical disk of FIG. 1 has a volume and
file structure as shown in FIG. 4. The structure has been
determined in conformity to specific logic format standards, such
as Micro UDF or ISO 9660. The data recording area 28 is physically
divided into a plurality of sectors as described earlier. These
physical sectors are assigned serial numbers. In the following
explanation, a logical address means a logical sector number (LSN)
as Determined in Micro UDF or ISO 9660. Like a physical sector, a
logical sector contains 2048 bytes. The numbers (LSN) of logical
sectors are assigned consecutively in ascending order as the
physical sector number increments.
[0090] As shown in FIG. 4, the volume and file structure is a
hierarchic structure and contains a volume and file structure area
70, a video manager 71, at least one video title set #i 72, and
another recorded area 73. These areas 70, 71, 72, 73 are aligned
with the boundaries between logical sectors. As with a conventional
CD, a logical sector is defined as a set of 2048 bytes.
Accordingly, one logical sector corresponds to one logical
block.
[0091] The volume and file structure area 70 corresponds to a
management area determined in Micro UDF or ISO 9660. According to
the description in the management area, the video manager 71 is
stored in the system ROM/RAM section 52. As explained with
reference to FIG. 5, the information used to manage video title
sets 72 is written in the video manager 71, which is composed of a
plurality of files, starting with file #0. In each video title set
72, compressed video data, compressed audio data, compressed
sub-picture data, and the reproducing information about these data
items are stored as explained later. Each video title set is
composed of a plurality of files 74. The number of video title sets
72 is limited to a maximum of 99. Furthermore, the number of files
74 (from file #j to file #j+9) constituting each video title set 72
is determined to be a maximum of 10. These files 72 are also
aligned with the boundaries between logical sectors.
[0092] In the other recorded area 73, the information capable of
utilizing the aforementioned video title sets 72 is recorded. The
other recorded areas 73 are not necessarily provided.
[0093] As shown in FIG. 5, the video manager 71 contains at least
three items each corresponding to individual files 74.
Specifically, the video manager 71 is made up of video manager
information (VMGI) 75, a video object set for video manager menu
(VMGM_VOBS) 76, and backup of video manager information (VMGI_BUP)
77. Here, the video manager information (VMGI) 75 and the backup of
video manager information (VMGI_BUP) 77 are determined to be
indispensable items, and the video object set for video manager
menu (VMGM_VOBS) 76 is determined to be an optional item. In the
video object set 76 for VMGM, the video data, audio data, and
sup-picture data about a menu of the volumes of the optical disk
managed by the video manager 71 are stored.
[0094] By the video object set 76 for VMGM (VMGM_VOBS), the volume
name of the optical disk 10, the sound accompanying the volume name
representation, and the description of the sub-picture are
displayed and at the same time, selectable items are provided in
the form of sub-pictures as in video reproduction explained later.
For example, the video object set 76 for VMGM (VMGM_VOBS) indicates
that the optical disk 10 contains the video data representing the
matches a boxer played until he won a world championship.
Specifically, a fighting pose of boxer X, together with a volume
name, such as the glorious history of boxer X, is reproduced in the
form of video data and at the same time, his theme song is
reproduced in sound, and his chronological table is provided in a
sup-picture. Furthermore, the user is asked which language option
to select, English or Japanese, in doing the narration of the
matches. At the same time, the user is asked whether a caption in
another language should be provided in a sub-picture or which
language option should be selected for a caption. Thus, for
example, the VMGM video object set 76 (VMGM_VOBS) provides the user
with preparations to watch a video of a match of boxer X in English
speech with a sub-picture using Japanese captions.
[0095] Here, the structure of a video object set (VOBS) 82 will be
described with reference to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 shows an example of a
video object set (VOBS) 82. The video object set (VOBS) 82 comes in
three types for two menus and a title. Specifically, the video
object set (VOBS) 82 contains the video title set for video manager
menu (VMGM_VOBS) 76, a video object set (VTSM_VOBS) 95 for a menu
in the video title sets 72 and a video object set (VTSTT_VOBS) 82
for the titles of at least one video title set 72 in a video title
set (VTS) 72 as explained later. Each video object set 82 has the
same structure except that their uses differ.
[0096] As shown in FIG. 6, a video object set (VOBS) 82 is defined
as a set of one or more video objects (VOB) 83. The video objects
83 in a video object set (VOBS) 82 is used for the same
application. A video object set (VOBS) 82 for menus is usually made
up of one video object (VOB) 83 and stores the data used to display
a plurality of menu screens. In contrast, a video object set
(VTSTT_VOBS) 82 for title sets is usually composed of a plurality
of video objects (VOB) 83.
[0097] When the aforesaid video of a boxing match is taken as
example, a video object (VOB) 83 corresponds to the video data of
each match played by boxer X. Specifying a particular video object
(VOB) 83 enables, for example., boxer X's eleventh match for a
world championship to be reproduced on a video. The video object
set (VTSM_VOBS) 95 for a menu of the video title sets 72 contains
the menu data for the matches played by boxer X. According to the
presentation of the menu, a particular match, for example, boxer
X's eleventh match for a world championship, can be specified. In
the case of a usual single story movie, one video object (VOB) 83
corresponds to one video object set (VOBS) 82. One video stream is
completed with one video object set (VOBS) 82. In the case of a
collection of animated cartoons or an omnibus movie, a plurality of
video streams each corresponding to individual stories are provided
in a single video object set (VOBS) 82. Each video stream is stored
in the corresponding video object 83. Accordingly, the audio stream
and sub-picture stream related to the video stream are also
completed with each video object (VOB) 83.
[0098] An identification number (IDN#j) is assigned to a video
object (VOB) 83. By the identification number (ID#j), the video
object (VOB) 83 can be identified. A video object (VOB) 83 further
comprises one or more such cells 84. Although a usual video stream
is made up of a plurality of cells 84, a menu video stream, or a
video object (VOB) 83 may be composed of one cell 84. A cell 84 is
likewise assigned an identification number (C_IDN#j). By the
identification number (C_IDN#j), the cell 84 is identified.
[0099] As shown in FIG. 6, each cell 84 is composed of one or more
video object units (VOBU) 85, normally a plurality of video object
units (VOBU) 85. Here, a video object unit (VOBU) 85 is defined as
a pack train having a navigation pack (NAV pack) 86 at its head.
Specifically, a video object unit (VOBU) 85 is defined as a set of
all the packs recorded, starting at a navigation pack (NAV pack) 86
to immediately in front of the next navigation pack. The
reproducing time of the video object unit (VOBU) 85 corresponds to
the reproducing time of the video data made up of one or more GOP
(Group of Pictures) contained in the video object unit (VOBU) 85 as
shown in FIG. 6. The maximum reproducing time is determined to be
0.4 or more second and less than one second. In MPEG, one GOP is
defined as compressed image data which corresponds to about 15
frames to be played back for, usually, 0.5 seconds.
[0100] In the case where the video data includes a video object
unit as illustrated in FIG. 6, GOPs each composed of a video pack
(V pack) 87, a sub-picture pack (SP pack) 90, an audio pack (A
pack) 91 and a computer data pack (C pack) 88, all complying to the
MPEG standards, are arranged, producing a vide data stream.
Regardless of the number of GOPs, a video object (VOBU) 83 is
determined based on the time required for producing a GOP. In the
video object (VOBU) 83 has a navigation pack (NV) pack 86 arranged
at its head. Any reproduced data, whether audio data, sub-picture
data, or audio/sub-picture data, consists of one more video object
units. Thus, even if a video object unit is composed of only audio
packs only, these audio packs 91 will be reproduced within the time
for reproducing the video object unit. The procedure of reproducing
these packs will be explained later in detail, along with the
procedure of reproducing the navigation pack (NV pack) 86.
[0101] The procedure for reproducing these packs, together with the
navigation pack 86, will be explained in detail later.
[0102] The video manager 71 will be explained with reference to
FIG. 5. The video management information 75 placed at the head of
the video manager 71 contains the information used to search for
titles and the information used to manage the video title sets
(VTS) 72 such as the information used for reproduction of a video
manager menu. The video management information 75 contains at least
three tables 78, 79, 80 in the order shown in FIG. 5. Each of these
tables 78, 79, 80 is aligned with the boundaries between logical
sectors. A first table 78, a video manger information management
table (VMGI_MAT) 78 is a mandatory table, in which the size of the
video manager 71, the starting address of each piece of the
information in the video manger 71, and the attribute information
about the video object set (VMGM_VOBS) 76 for a video manager menu
are written.
[0103] Written in a second table of the video manager 71, a title
search pointer table 79 (TT_SRPT), is an entry program chain (EPGC)
of the video titles (VTS) 72 contained in the optical disk 10 that
are selectable according to the entry of a title number from the
key/display section 4 on the apparatus.
[0104] Here, a program chain 87 is a set of programs 89 that
reproduce the story of a title as shown in FIG. 7. Continuous
reproduction of a program chain 87 completes the movie of a title.
Therefore, the user can start to see the movie from a particular
scene of the movie by specifying the program 89.
[0105] In a third table of the video manager 71, a video title set
attribution table (VTS_ATRT) 80, the attribute information
determined in the video title set 72 in the volume of the optical
disk 10 is written. Specifically, in this table 72, the following
items are written as attribute information: the number of video
title sets, video title set numbers, video attributes, such as a
video data compression scheme, audio stream attributes, such as an
audio coding mode, and sub-picture attributes, such as the type of
sup-picture display.
[0106] The contents of the video manager information management
table (VMGI_MAT) 78 and the title search pointer table (TT_SRPT) 79
will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 8, 9, 10, and
11.
[0107] As shown in FIG. 8, written in the video manager information
management table (VMGI_MAT) 78 are a video manager identifier
(VMG_ID), the size of video manager information (VMGI_SZ) in
logical blocks (one logical block contains 2048 bytes as mentioned
above), the version number (VERN) of the optical disk 10 complying
with the digital versatile disk video specification, and the
category of video manager 71 (VMG_CAT).
[0108] In the category of video manager 71 (VMG_CAT), a flag
indicating whether or not the DVD video directory prohibits copying
is written. Further written in the table (VMGI_MAT) are a volume
set identifier (VLMS_ID), the number of video title sets (VTS_Ns),
the identifier for a person supplying the data to be recorded on
the disk (Provider Unique ID: PVR_ID), a video manager menu video
object set start address (VNGM_VOBS_SA), the end address
(VMGI_MAT_EA) of a video manager information management table
(VMGI_MAT) 78, and the start address (TT_SRPT_SA) of a title search
pointer table (TT_SRPT) 79. The end address of VMG_MAT 78
(VMGI_MAT_EA) and the start address of TT_SRPT (TT_SRPT_SA) 79 are
represented by the number of logical blocks, relative to the first
logical block.
[0109] Furthermore, in the table 78, the start address
(VTS_ATRT_SA) of the attribute table (VTS_ATRT) 80 of video title
sets (VTS) 72 is represented by the number of bytes, relative to
the first byte in the VMGI manager table (VMGI_MAT) 71, and the
video attribute (VMGM_V_AST) of the video manager menu (VMGM) is
written. Further written in the table 78 are the number of audio
streams (VMGM_AST_Ns) in the video manager menu (VMGM), the
attributes of audio streams (VMGM_AST_ATR) in the video manager
menu (VMGM), the number of sub-picture streams (VMGM_SPST_Ns) in
the video manager menu (VMGM), and the attributes of sub-picture
streams (VMGM_SPST_ATR) in the video manager menu (VMGM).
[0110] In the title search pointer table (TT_SRPT) 79, as shown in
FIG. 9, the title search pointer table information (TT_SRPTI) 92 is
first written and then as many title search pointers for input
numbers 1 to n (n.ltoreq.99) as are needed are written
consecutively. When only the reproducing data for one title, for
example, only the video data for one title, is stored in the volume
of the optical disk, only one title search pointer (TT_SRP) 93 is
written in the table (TT_SRPT) 79.
[0111] The title search pointer table information (TT_SRPTI) 92
contains the number of entry program chains (EN_PGC_Ns) and the end
address (TT_SRPT_EA) of the title search pointer 93 as shown in
FIG. 10. The address (TT_SRPT_EA) is represented by the number of
bytes, relative to the first byte in the title search pointer table
(TT_SRPT) 79. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, each title search
pointer (TT_SRP) 93 contains the video title set number (VTSN), the
program chain number (PGCN), and the start address (VTS_SA) of the
video title set 72. The contents of the title search pointer
(TT_SRP) 93 specifies a video title set 72 to be reproduced and a
program chain (PGC) 87 as well as a location in which the video
title set 72 is to be stored. The start address (VTS_SA) of the
video title set 72 is represented by the number of logical blocks
in connection with the title set 72 specified by the video title
set number (VTSN).
[0112] The structure of the logic format of the video title set 72
shown in FIG. 4 will be described with reference to FIG. 12. In
each video title set (VTS) 72, four items are written in the order
shown in FIG. 12. Each video title set (VTS) 72 is made up of one
or more video titles having common attributes. The video title set
information (VTSI) 94 contains the management information on the
video titles, including the information on entry search points, the
information on playback of video object sets 72, the information on
playback of title set menus (VTSM), and the attribute information
on video object sets 72.
[0113] Each video title set 72 is provided with the backup of the
video title set information (VTSI_BUP) 97. Between the video title
set information (VTSI) and the backup of the information (VTSI_BUP)
97, a video object set for video title set menus (VTSM_VOBS) 95 and
a video object set for video title set titles (VTSTT_VOBS) 96 are
arranged. Both of the video object sets (VTSM_VOBS and VTSTT_VOBS)
95, 96 have the structure shown in FIG. 6, as explained
earlier.
[0114] The video title set information (VTSI) 94, the backup of the
information (VTSI_BUP) 97, and the video object set (VTSTT_VOBS) 96
for video title set titles are items indispensable to the video
title set 72. The video object set (VTSM_VOBS) 96 for video title
set menus is an option provided as the need arises.
[0115] The video title set information (VTSI) 94 consists of four
tables as shown in FIG. 12. The four tables are forced to align
with the boundaries between logical sectors. The video title set
information management table (VTSI_MAT) 98, a first table, is a
mandatory table, in which the size of the video title set (VTS) 72,
the start addresses of each piece of information in the video title
set (VTS) 72, and the attributes of the video object sets (VOBS) 96
in the video title set (VTS) 72 are written.
[0116] The video title set direct access pointer table (VTS_DAPT)
99, a second table, is an optional table provided as the need
arises. Written in the table 99 are the program chains (PGC) 87
and/or programs (PG) 89 contained in the video title set 72 that
are selectable according to the entry of a title number from the
key/display section 4 of the apparatus.
[0117] The video title set program chain information table
(VTS_PGCIT) 100, a third table, is a mandatory table, in which the
VTS program chain information (VTS_PGCI) 104 is written. The video
title set time search map table (VTS_MAPT) 101, a fourth table, is
an optional table provided as the need arises, in which the
information on the recording location, for a specific period of
time of display, of the video data in each program chain (PGC) 87
in the title set 72 to which the map table (VTS_MAPT) 101 belongs
is written.
[0118] Next, the video title information management table
(VTSI_MAT) 98 and video title set program chain information table
(VTSI_PGCIT) 100 shown in FIG. 12 will be described with reference
to FIGS. 13 to 20.
[0119] FIG. 13 shows the contents of the video title information
management table (VTSI_MAT) 98, in which the video title set
identifier (VTS_ID), the size of the video title set 72 (VTS_SZ),
the version number of the DVD video specification (VERN), and the
video title set category (VTS_CAT) are written in that order.
Furthermore, in the table (VTSI_MAT) 98, the start address of the
video object set (VTSM_VOBS) for VTS menus is expressed by a
logical block relative to the first logical block in the video
title set (VTS) 72. The start address (VTSTT_VOB_SA) of the video
object 83 for titles in the video title set (VTS) 72 is expressed
by a logical block (RLBN) relative to the first logical block in
the video title set (VTS) 72.
[0120] Furthermore, in the table (VTSI_MAT) 98, the end address
(VTI_MAT_EA) of the video title set information management table
(VTI_MAT) 98 is represented by the number of blocks, relative to
the first byte in the table (VTI_MAT), 98 and the start address of
the video title set direct access pointer table (VTS_DAPT) 99 is
represented by the number of blocks, relative to the first byte in
the video title set information (VTSI) 94.
[0121] Still furthermore, in the table (VTSI_MAT) 98, the start
address (VTS_PGCIT_SA) of the video title set program chain
information table (PGCIT) 100 is expressed by the number of blocks,
relative to the first byte of the video title set information
(VTSI) 94, and the start address (VTS_MAPT_SA) of the time search
map (VTS_MAPT) 101 in the video title set (VTS) 72 is expressed by
a logical sector relative to the first logical sector in the video
title set (VTS) 72. Written in the table (VTSI_MAT) 98 are the
video object set (VTSM_VOBS) 95 for the video title set menu (VTSM)
in the video title set (VTS) 72, the video attributes (VTS_V_ATR)
of the video object set (VTST_VOBS) 96 for the titles (VTSTT) in
the video title set 72, and the number of audio streams
(VTS_AST_Ns) in the video object set (VTSTT_VOBS) 82 for the titles
(VTSTT) for the video title sets 72. Here, the video attributes
(VTS_V_ATR) include a video compression mode, a frame rate of the
TV system, and an aspect ratio for displaying an image on a display
unit.
[0122] Written in the table (VTSI_MAT) 98 are the audio stream
attributes (VTS_AST_ATR) of the video object set (VTST_VOBS) for
the titles (VTSTT) in the video title set (VTS). The attributes
(VTS_AST_ATR) include an audio encoding mode indicating how audio
is encoded, the number of bits used to quantize audio, and the
number of audio channels.
[0123] Furthermore, written in the table (VTSI_MAT) 98 are the
number (VTS_SPST_Ns) of sub-picture streams in the video object set
82 for the titles (VTSTT) in the video title set (VTS) 72 and the
attributes (VTS_SPST_ATR) of each sub-picture stream. The
attributes (VTR_SPST_ATR) for each sub-picture stream include a
sub-picture coding mode and a sub-picture display type.
[0124] Furthermore, in the table (VTSI_MAT) 98, written are the
number (VTSM_AST_Ns) of audio streams in the video title set menu
(VTSM), the audio stream attributes (VTSM_AST_ATR), the number
(VTSM_SPST_Ns) of sup-picture streams, and the sup-picture stream
attributes (VISM_SPST_ATR).
[0125] The VTS program chain information table (VTS_PGCIT) 100 has
a structure as shown in FIG. 14. In the information table
(VTS_PGCIT) 100, information on the VTS program chain (VTS_PGC) is
written, starting with information (VTS_PGCIT_I) 102 on the
information table (VTS_PGCIT) 100 related to the VTS program chain
(VTS_PGC). In the information table (VTS_PGCIT) 100, the
information (VTS_PGCIT_I) 102 is followed by as many VTS_PGCI
search pointer (VTS_PGCIT_SRP) 103 used to search for VTS program
chains (VTS_PGC) as the number (#1 to #n) of VTS program chains in
the information table (VTS_PGCIT). At the end of the table, there
are provided as many pieces of information (VTS_PGCI) 104 on the
respective VTS program chains (VTS_PGC) as the number (from #1 to
#n) of the VTS program chains (VTS_PGC).
[0126] The information (VTS_PGCIT_I) 102 in the VTS program chain
information table (VTS_PGCIT) 100 contains the number (VTS_PGC_Ns)
of VTS program chains (VTS_PGC) as shown in FIG. 15. The end
address (VTS_PGCIT_EA) of the table information (VTS_PGCIT_I) 102
is expressed by the number of bytes, relative to the first byte in
the information table (VTS_PGCIT) 100.
[0127] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 16, the VTS_PGCIT search
pointer (VTS_PGCIT_SRP) 103 contains the attributes (VTS_PGC_CAT)
of the program chains (VTS_PGC) in the video title set (VTS) 72 and
the start address (VTS_PGCI_SA) of the VTS_PGC information
(VTS_PGCI) 104 expressed by the number of bytes, relative to the
first byte in the VTS_PGC information table (VTS_PGCIT) 100. Here,
the VTS_PGC attribute (VTS_PGC_CAT) is, for example, an attribute
indicating whether an entry program chain (Entry PGC) is the first
one to be reproduced. Usually, an entry program chain (PGC) is
written before program chains (PGC) that are not entry program
chains (PGC). Generally, program chains (PGC) are reproduced in the
description order of VTS_PGCIs as shown in FIG. 14.
[0128] The PGC information (VTS_PGCI) 104 in the video title set 72
contains four items as shown in FIG. 17. In the PGC information
(VTS_PGCI) 104, the program chain general information (PGC_GI) 105
on a mandatory item is first arranged, followed by at least three
items that are made mandatory only when there is an video object
83. Specifically, contained as the three items in the PGC
information (VTS_PGCI) 104 are a program chain program map
(PGC_PGMAP) 106, a cell playback information table (C_PBIT) 107,
and a cell position information table (C_POSIT) 108.
[0129] As shown in FIG. 18, the program chain general information
(PGC_GI) 105 contains the category (PGCI_CAT) of the program chain
87, the contents (PGC_CNT) of the program chain (PGC) 87, and the
playback time of the program chain (PGC). 87 Written in the
category of PGC (PGCI_CAT) are whether the PGC can be copied or not
and whether the programs 89 in the PGC are played back continuously
or at random. The contents of PGC (PGC_CNT) contains the
description of the program chain structure, that is, the number of
programs 89, the number of cells 84, and the number of angles in
the program chain 87. The playback time of PGC (PGC_PB_TIME)
contains the total playback time of the programs 89 in the PGC. The
playback time is the time required to continuously play back the
programs 89 in the PGC, regardless of the playback procedure.
[0130] Furthermore, the program chain general information (PGC_GI)
105 contains PGC sub-picture stream control (PGC_SPST_CTL), PGC
audio stream control (PGC_AST_CTL), and PGC sub-picture pallet
(PGC_SP_PLT). The PGC sub-picture stream control (PGC_SPST_CTL)
contains the number of sub-pictures usable in the PGC 89 and the
PGC audio stream control (PGC_AST_CTL) likewise contains the number
of audio streams usable in the PGC 89. The PGC sub-picture palette
(PGC_SP_PLT) contains a set of a specific number of color pallets
used in all of the sub-picture streams in the PGC 89.
[0131] Furthermore, the PGC general information (PGC_GI) 105
contains the start address (C_PBIT_SA) of the cell playback
information table (C_PBIT) and the start address (C_POSIT_SA) of
the cell position information table (C_POSIT) 108. Both of the
start addresses (C_PBIT_SA and C_POSIT_SA) are represented by the
number of logical blocks, relative to the first byte in he VTS_PGC
information (VTS_PGCI) 105.
[0132] The program chain program map (PGC_PGMAP) 108 is a map
showing the arrangement of the programs 89 in the PGC 87 of FIG.
19. In the map (PGC_PGMAP) 106, the entry cell numbers (ECELLN),
the start cell numbers of the individual programs 89, are written
in ascending order as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20. In addition,
program numbers are allocated, starting at 1, in the order in which
the entry cell numbers are written. Consequently, the first entry
number in the map (PGC_PGMAP) 106 must be #1.
[0133] The cell playback information table (C_PBIT) defines the
order in which the cells 84 in the PGC 87 are played back. In the
cell playback information table (C_PBIT) 107, pieces of the cell
playback information (C_PBI) are written consecutively as shown in
FIG. 21. Basically, cells 84 are played back in the order of cell
number. The cell playback information (C_PBIT) 108 contains a cell
category (C_CAT) as shown in FIG. 22. Written in the cell category
(C_CAT) are a cell block mode indicating whether a cell is in the
block and if it is in the block, whether the cell is the first one,
a cell block type indicating whether a cell 84 is not part of the
block or is in an angle block, and an STC discontinuity flag
indicating whether the system time clock (STC) must be set
again.
[0134] Further written in the cell category (C_CAT) are a cell
playback mode indicating whether the video object units (VOBU) 85
in the cell 84 are played sack continuously or a picture is made
still at one video object unit (VOBU) 85 to another in the cell 84,
and cell navigation control indicating whether the picture is made
still after the playback of the cell or indicating the rest
time.
[0135] As shown in FIG. 22, the cell playback information table
(C_PBIT) 107 contains the cell playback time (C_PBTNM) representing
the total playback time of the PGC 87. When the PGC 87 has an angle
cell block, the playback time of the angle cell number 1 represents
the playback time of the angle block. Further written in the cell
playback information table (C_PBIT) 107 are the start address
(C_FVOBU_SA) of the first video object unit (VOBS) 85 in the cell
84 expressed by the number of logical sectors, relative to the
first logical sector in the video object unit (VOBS) 85 in which
the cell 84 is written and the start address (C_LVOBU_SA) of the
end video object unit (VOBS) 85 in the cell 84 expressed by the
number of logical sectors, relative to the first logical sector in
the video object unit (VOBS) 85 in which the cell 84 is
written.
[0136] The cell position information table (C_POSI) 108 specifies
the identification number (VOB_ID) of the video object (VOB) 85 in
the cell used in the PGC 87 and the identification number (Cell_ID)
of the cell 84. In the cell position information table (C_POSI)
108, pieces of the cell position information (C_POSI) corresponding
to the cell numbers written in the cell playback information table
107 as shown in FIG. 23 are written in the same order as in the
cell playback information table (C_PBIT) 107. The cell position
information (C_POSI) contains the identification number (C_VOB_IDN)
of the video object unit (VOBS) 85 in the cell 84 and the cell
identification number (C_IDN) as shown in FIG. 24.
[0137] As explained with reference to FIG. 6, a cell 84 is a set of
video object units (VOBU) 85. A video object unit 85 is defined as
a pack train starting with a navigation (NAV) pack 86. Therefore,
the start address (C_FVOBU_SA) of the first video object unit
(VOBU) 85 in a cell 84 is the start address of the NAV pack 86. As
shown in FIG. 25, the NAV pack 86 consists of a pack header 110, a
system header ill, and two packets 116, 117 of navigation data;
namely, a playback control information (PCI) packet 116 and a data
search information (DSI) packet 117. As many bytes as shown in FIG.
25 are allocated to the respective sections so that one pack may
contain 2048 bytes corresponding to one logical sector. The NV pack
is provided immediately before the video pack 88 which contains the
first data item in the group of pictures (GOP). Even if the object
unit 85 contains no video pack 88, the NV pack 86 is positioned at
the head of the object unit 85, provided that the object unit 85
contains an audio pack 91 and/or a sub-picture pack 90. Thus, even
if object unit 85 contains no video pack, its playback time is
determined on the basis of the time required for playing back a
video pack 88, exactly in the same way as in the case where the
unit 85 contains a video pack 88.
[0138] Here, GOP is defined as a data train constituting a screen
determined in the MPEG standards. In other words, GOP is equivalent
to compressed data which may be expanded into image data
representing a plurality of frames of a moving picture. The pack
header 110 contains a pack starting code, a system clock reference
(SCR), and a multiplex rate. The system header 111 contains a bit
rate and a stream ID. The packet header 112, 114 of each of the PCI
packet 116 and DCI packet 117 contains a packet starting code, a
packet length, and a stream ID as determined in the MPEG2.
[0139] As shown in FIG. 26, another video pack 87, audio pack 91
sub-picture pack 90 or computer data pack 88 consists of a pack
header 120, packet header 121, and a packet 122 containing the
corresponding data as in the system layer 24 MPEG 2. Its pack
length is determined to be 2048 bytes. Each of these packs is
aligned with the boundaries between logical blocks.
[0140] The PCI data (PCI) 113 in the PCI packet 116 is navigation
data used to make a presentation, or to change the contents of the
display, in synchronization with the playback of the video data in
the VOB unit (VOBU) 85. Specifically, the PCI data (PCI) 113
contains PCI general information (PCI_GI) as information on the
entire PCI data 113 change as shown in FIG. 27. The PCI general
information (PCI_GI) contains the address (NV_PCK_LBN) of the NV
pack (NV_PCK) 86 in which the PCI data is recorded as shown in FIG.
28, the address being expressed in the number of blocks, relative
to the VOBU logical sector in which the PCI data is recorded. The
PCI general information (PCI_GI) contains the category of VOBU
(VOBU_CAT), the start PTS of VOBU 85 (VOBU_SPTS), and the end PTS
of VOBU 85 (VOBU_EPTS). Here, the start PTS of VOBU 85 (VOBU_SPTS)
indicates the playback start time (start presentation time stamp
(SPTS)) of the video data in the VOBU 85 containing the PCI data.
The playback start time is the playback start time of the first
picture in the first GOP in the VOBU 85. Normally, the first
picture corresponds to I picture (intra-picture) data in the MPEG
standards. The end PTS (VOBU_EPTS) in the VOBU 85 indicates the
playback end time (end presentation time stamp (EPTS)) of the video
data in the VOBU 85 containing the PCI data. The playback end time
is the playback start time of the last picture in the last GOP in
the VOBU 85.
[0141] The DSI data (DSI) 115 in the DSI packet 117 shown in FIG.
25 is the navigation data used to search for a VOB unit (VOBU) 85.
The DSI data (DSI) 115 contains the DSI general information
(DSI_GI), VOBU search information (VOBU_SI), and the synchronizing
playback information (SYNCI) as shown in FIG. 29.
[0142] The DSI information (DSI_GI) contains information about the
entire DSI data 115. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 30, the DSI
general information (DSI_GI) contains the system clock reference
for the NV pack (NV_PCK_SCR) 86. The system clock reference
(NV_PCK_SCR) is stored in the system time clock (STC) 54A, 58A, 60A
or 62A built in each section of FIG. 1. On the basis of the STC
54A, 58A, 60A, 62A, video, audio, and sub-picture packs are decoded
at the video, audio, and sub-picture decoders 58, 60, and 62 and
the monitor 6 and the speaker 8 reproduce images and sound,
respectively. The DSI general information (DSI_GI) contains the
start address (NV_PCK_LBN) of the NV pack (NV_PCK) 86 containing
the DSI data expressed by the number of logical sectors (RLSN),
relative to the first logical sector in the VOB set (VOBS) 82
containing the DSI, and the address (VOBU_EA) of the last pack in
the VOB unit (VOBU) 85 containing the DSI data expressed by the
number of logical sectors (RLSN), relative to the first logical
sector in the VOB unit (VOBU) 85.
[0143] Furthermore, the DSI general information (DSI_GI) contains
the end address (VOBU_IP_EA) of the V pack (V_PCK) 88 containing
the last data item for the first I picture in the VOB unit (VOBU)
expressed by the number of logical sectors (RLSN), relative to the
first logical sector in the VOB unit (VOBU) 85 containing the DSI
data, and the identification number (VOBU_IP_EA) of the VOB 83
containing the DSI and the identification number (VOBU_C_IDN) of
the cell 84 in which the DSI data is recorded.
[0144] The search information (VOBU_SI) in VOBU 85 contains
information used to identify the first address in a cell 84.
[0145] The synchronizing information (SYNCI) contains address
information on the sub-pictures and audio data reproduced in
synchronization with the playback start time of the video data in
the VOB unit (VOBU) 85 containing the DSI data. Specifically, as
shown in FIG. 31, the start address (A_SYNCA) of the target audio
pack (A_PCK) is expressed by the number of logical sectors (RLSN),
relative to the NV pack (NV_PCK) 86 in which DSI data 115 is
recorded. When there are more than one audio stream (8 audio
streams maximum), as many pieces of the synchronizing information
(SYNCI) as there are audio streams are written. Furthermore, the
synchronizing information (SYNCI) contains the address (SP_SYNCA)
of the NV pack (NV_PCK) 86 of the VOB unit (VOBU) 85 containing the
target audio pack (SP_PCK) 91, the address being expressed by the
number of logical sectors (RLSN), relative to the NV pack (NV_PCK)
86 in which DSI 115 is recorded. When there are more than one
sub-picture stream (32 sub-picture streams maximum), as many pieces
of the synchronizing information (SYNCI) as there are sub-picture
streams are written.
[0146] The pack length of the above pack is adjusted to 2048 bytes
(one logical sector). If the pack length is less than 2048 bytes
and when the number of bytes necessary for attaining the above
value is six bytes or less, the pack length is adjusted by adding
stuffing bytes in the pack header, and when the necessary number of
bytes is seven bytes or more, the packet length is adjusted by
adding one byte of stuffing byte and adding a padding packet
corresponding to the necessary number of bytes to the packet.
[0147] The pack header is constructed by a 4-byte pack start code
(000001BAh), 6-byte SCR (System Clock Reference, system time
standard reference value), 3-byte multiplexing rate (MUX rate;
0468A8h), and 1-byte to 7-byte stuffing bytes (000h). The packet is
constructed by 2034 bytes as a reference and padding packet
(effective data 00h which has no significance as data is recorded
in the unit of byte) for pack length adjustment is inserted into
the packet as required.
[0148] That is, as shown in FIG. 32, in a case where the length of
data constructing the packet is 2034 bytes to 2028 bytes, one or
more stuffing bytes corresponding to a deficient number of byte or
bytes are added to (inserted into) the pack header.
[0149] Further, as shown in FIG. 33, in a case where the length of
data constructing the packet is 2027 bytes or less, a padding
packet of bytes of a number corresponding to the deficient number
is added.
[0150] For example, a case wherein video data is formed in a pack
form is explained.
[0151] That is, as shown in FIG. 34, in a case where video data
having a data length of 2015 bytes is formed in a pack form, the
reference byte number (2034 bytes) of one packet is compared with a
byte number (2021 bytes) obtained by adding six bytes of the packet
header to the number of bytes (2015 bytes) of the video data, and
as the result of comparison, it is determined that a deficient
number of bytes is 13 and it is necessary to add a padding packet
of 13 bytes, and a pack of 2048 bytes is formed by a normal 14-byte
pack header including a 1-byte stuffing byte and a packet of 2034
bytes constructed by adding a 13-byte padding packet to the video
packet of 2021 bytes.
[0152] Further, as shown in FIG. 35, in a case where video data
having a data length of 2025 bytes is formed in a pack form, the
reference byte number (2034 bytes) of one packet is compared with a
byte number (2031 bytes) obtained by adding six bytes of the packet
header to the number of bytes (2025 bytes) of the video data, and
as the result of comparison, it is determined that a deficient
number of bytes is 3 and it is necessary to add 3-byte stuffing
bytes, and a pack of 2048 bytes is formed by a 17-byte pack header
including 3-byte stuffing bytes in addition to a 1-byte stuffing
byte and a video packet of 2031 bytes.
[0153] Next, the above pack is explained in detail.
[0154] As shown in FIG. 25, an NV pack 86 is arranged just before a
video pack containing head data of one GOP and constructed by a
14-byte pack header 110, 24-byte system header 111, PCI packet 116
of 980 bytes or less, and DSI packet 117 of 1024 bytes or less. The
PCI packet 116 is constructed by a 6-byte packet header 112, 1-byte
sub-stream ID 118, and a data area 113 in which 979-byte PCI data
can be stored, and the DSI packet 117 is constructed by a 6-byte
packet header 114, 1-byte sub-stream ID 119 and a data area 115 in
which 1017-byte DSI data can be stored.
[0155] As described before, the pack header 110 is constructed by a
4-byte pack start code (000001BAh), 6-byte SCR (System Clock
Reference, system time standard reference value), 3-byte
multiplexing rate (MUX rate; 0468A8h), and 1-byte to 7-byte
stuffing bytes (00h).
[0156] The system header 111 is constructed by a 4-byte system
header start code (000001BBh), 2-byte header length and the
like.
[0157] The packet headers 112, 114 are each constructed by a 3-byte
packet start code (000001h), 1-byte stream ID (10111111b: private
stream 2), 2-byte PES (Packetized Elementary Stream) packet
length.
[0158] A code (00000000b) indicating the PCI stream is given to the
sub-stream ID 118.
[0159] A code (00000001b) indicating the DSI stream is given to the
sub-stream ID 119.
[0160] As shown in FIGS. 36A, 36B, in a video pack 87, one pack is
constructed by a 14-byte pack header 120 and a video packet which
is constructed by a 9-byte packet header 121 and a data area 122 in
which video data of up to 2025 bytes can be stored or a video
packet constructed by a 19-byte packet header 121 and a data area
122 in which video data of up to 2015 bytes can be stored. The pack
header 120 has the same structure as that used in the case of the
NV pack 86.
[0161] If the packet header 121 is a 9-byte packet header, it is
constructed by a 3-byte packet start code (000001h), 1-byte stream
ID (11100000b: MPEG video stream), 2-byte PES (Packetized
Elementary Stream) packet length, and 3-byte data relating to
PES.
[0162] If the packet header 121 is a 19-byte packet header, it
contains a 5-byte PTS (Presentation Time Stamp; time management
information for reproduction output) and a 5-byte DTS (Decoding
Time Stamp; time management information for decoding) in addition
to the above 9 bytes. The PTS and DTS are described only in a video
packet containing head data of I picture of the video stream.
[0163] If an audio pack 91 is compressed coding data which conforms
to the Dolby AC3, as shown in FIG. 37A, one pack is constructed by
a 14-byte pack header 120 and an audio packet which is constructed
by a 14-byte packet header 121, 1-byte sub-stream ID 131, a frame
number 132 of one-byte configuration indicating the number of audio
frames in the packet data, a first access unit pointer 133 of
two-byte configuration indicating the head position of the first
audio frame in the packet data, and a data area 134 in which audio
data of up to 2016 bytes can be stored. The pack header 120 has the
same structure as that used in the case of the NV pack 86. If no
PTS is contained in the packet header 121, the packet header 121 is
constructed by 9 bytes and the capacity of the data area 134 in
which audio data can be stored is expanded to 2021 bytes.
[0164] If the audio pack 91 is linear PCM coding data, as shown in
FIG. 37B, one pack is constructed by a 14-byte pack header 120 and
an audio packet which is constructed by a 14-byte packet header
121, 1-byte sub-stream ID 131, a frame number 132 of one-byte
configuration indicating the number of audio frames in the packet
data, a first access unit pointer 133 of two-byte configuration
indicating the head position of the audio frame in the packet data,
audio data information 135 of three-byte configuration in which
information of audio data in the packet data is described, and a
data area 134 in which audio data of up to 2013 bytes can be
stored. The pack header 120 has the same structure as that used in
the case of the NV pack 86. If no PTS is contained in the packet
header 121, the packet header 121 is constructed by 9 bytes and the
capacity of the data area 134 in which audio data can be stored is
expanded to 2018 bytes.
[0165] As information of audio data of the audio data information,
a frame number, a processing unit indicating that one data length
is 16-bit length, 20-bit length or 24-bit length, a sampling
frequency and the like are described.
[0166] The packet header 121 is constructed by a 3-byte packet
start code (000001h), 1-byte stream ID (10111101b: private stream
1), 2-byte PES (Packetized Elementary Stream) packet length, 3-byte
content of PES, and 5-byte PTS (Presentation Time Stamp; time
management information for reproduction output).
[0167] In the sub-stream ID 131 given in a case where audio data is
compressed coding data which conforms to the Dolby AC3, a code
(10000xxxb : xxx is a stream number) indicating an AC3 stream is
provided.
[0168] In the sub-stream ID 131 given in a case where audio data is
linear PCM, a code (10100xxxb : xxx is a stream number) indicating
a linear PCM stream is provided.
[0169] One frame of the audio data is constructed by, for example,
772-byte audio data containing a 4-byte frame header and four bytes
on the right and left sides of "0" to "191".
[0170] As shown in FIG. 38, in a sub-picture pack 90, one pack is
constructed by a 14-byte pack header 120 and a sub-picture packet
which is constructed by a 14-byte packet header 121, 1-byte
sub-stream ID 141 and a data area 142 in which sub-picture data of
up to 2019 bytes can be stored. If no PTS is contained in the
packet header 121, the packet header 121 is constructed by 9 bytes
and the capacity of the data area 142 in which sub-picture data can
be stored is expanded to 2024 bytes. The pack header 120 has the
same structure as that used in the case of the NV pack 86.
[0171] A code (001xxxxxb : xxxxx stream number) indicating a
sub-picture stream-is given to the sub-stream ID 141.
[0172] The packet header 121 is constructed by a 3-byte packet
start code (000001h), 1-byte stream ID (10111101b : private stream
1), 2-byte PES (Packetized Elementary Stream) packet length, 3-byte
data relating to PES, and 5-byte PTS (Presentation Time Stamp; time
management information for reproduction output). The PTS is
described only in a sub-picture packet containing head data of each
sub-picture unit.
[0173] As shown in FIG. 39, in a computer data pack 88, one pack is
constructed by a 14-byte pack header 120 and a packet which is
constructed by a 14-byte packet header 121, 1-byte sub-stream ID
151, 2-byte computer environmental data 152 and a data area 153 in
which computer data of up to 2017 bytes can be stored. If no PTS is
contained in the packet header 121, the packet header 121 is
constructed by 9 bytes and the capacity of the data area 153 in
which computer data can be stored is expanded to 2022 bytes. The
pack header 120 has the same structure as that used in the case of
the NV pack 86.
[0174] As the computer environmental data 152, an application CPU
and application OS are described. For example, as shown in FIG. 40,
four different classifications can be selected, and if the
application CPU is "CPU1" and the application OS is "OS1",
"0110(h)" is described, if the application CPU is "CPU1" and the
application OS is "OS2", "0111(h)" is described, if the application
CPU is "CPU2" and the application OS is "OS3", "1002(h)" is
described, and if the application CPU is "CPU1" and the application
OS is "OS3", "0102(h)" is described.
[0175] A code (11000000b) indicating a computer stream is given to
the sub-stream ID.
[0176] The packet header 121 is constructed by a 3-byte packet
start code (000001h), 1-byte stream ID (10111101b : private stream
1), 2-byte PES (Packetized Elementary Stream) packet length, 3-byte
data relating to PES, and 5-byte PTS (Presentation Time Stamp; time
management information for reproduction output). The PTS is
described only in a computer data packet containing head data of
each computer data stream.
[0177] In an SCR described in each of the above packs, the value of
a head pack for each video title set is set to "0" and increased in
an ascending order according to the order of recording of data into
the optical disk 10.
[0178] As shown in FIG. 41, the stream ID described in the packet
header 121 of each pack indicates the program stream map in the
case of "10111100", the private stream 1 in the case of "10111101",
the padding stream (dummy data) in the case of "10111110", the
private stream 2 in the case of "10111111", the MPEG audio stream
(xxxxx; stream number) in the case of "110xxxxx", the MPEG video
stream (xxxx; stream number) in the case of "1110xxxx", the
entitlement (permission) control message in the case of "11110000",
the entitlement (permission) management message in the case of
"111110010", the DSM control command in the case of "11110010", and
the program stream directory in the case of "11111111".
[0179] The sub-stream IDs 131, 141, 151 respectively described in
the packs of the audio pack 91, sub-picture pack 90, computer data
pack 88 correspond to the private stream 1, and as shown in FIG.
42, the stream ID indicates the linear PCM audio stream in the case
of "10100xxx" in which "xxx" indicates the stream number, indicates
the sub-picture stream in the case of "001xxxxx" in which "xxxxx"
indicates the stream number, indicates the computer data stream in
the case of "11000000", and indicates the Dolby AC3 audio stream in
the case of "10000xxx" in which "xxx" indicates the stream
number.
[0180] The sub-stream IDs 118, 119 respectively described in the
PCI packet and DSI packet in the NV pack 87 correspond to the
private stream 2, and as shown in FIG. 43, the sub-stream ID
indicates the PCI stream in the case of "00000000", and indicates
the DSI stream in the case of "00000001".
[0181] Next, a concrete example of the structure of the pack 91 of
linear audio data is explained with reference to FIG. 44.
[0182] As the stream ID in the packet header 121, "10111101"
indicating the private stream 1 is described, as the sub-stream ID
131 in the packet header 121, "10100011" indicating the linear PCM
audio stream is described and "3" is described as the stream number
thereof, and as the first access unit pointer 133, "01DB(h)" is
described. In the data area 134 of the packet, remaining data (472
bytes) in the preceding frame and two frame data items (772-byte
configuration for one frame) are stored.
[0183] Next, a concrete example of the structure of the pack 88 of
computer data is explained with reference to FIG. 45.
[0184] As the stream ID in the packet header 121, "10111101"
indicating the private stream 1 is described, as the sub-stream ID
151, "11000000" indicating the computer data stream is described,
and as the computer environmental data 152, "0111(h)" indicating
that the application CPU is "CPU1" and the application OS is "OS2"
is described. In the data area 153 of the packet, computer data is
stored.
[0185] Next, a concrete example of the structure of the pack 90 of
sub-picture data is explained with reference to FIG. 46.
[0186] As the stream ID in the packet header 121, "10111101"
indicating the private stream 1 is described, as the sub-stream
ID-141, "00100101" indicating the sub-picture stream is described
and "5" is described as the stream number thereof. In the data area
142 of the packet, sub-picture data of up to 2019 bytes is
stored.
[0187] The system processor section 54 includes a packet transfer
processing section 200 for determining the classification of the
packet and transferring data in the packet to each decoder. As
shown in FIG. 47, the packet transfer processing section 200
includes a memory interface section (memory I/F section) 201,
stuffing length detecting section 202, pack header end address
calculating section 203, pack classification judgment section 204,
packet data transfer control section 205 and decoder interface
section (decoder I/F section) 206.
[0188] The memory I/F section 201 outputs pack data from the data
RAM section 56 to the stuffing length detecting section 202, pack
classification judgment section 204, packet data transfer control
section 205 and decoder I/F section 206 via a data bus.
[0189] The stuffing length detecting section 202 detects the number
of bytes of the stuffing length in the pack header 120 in pack data
supplied from the memory I/F section 201 and the result of
detection is output to the pack header end address calculating
section 203.
[0190] The pack header end address calculating section 203
calculates a pack header end address based on the stuffing length
supplied from the stuffing length detecting section 202 and the
result of calculation is output to the pack classification judgment
section 204 and packet data transfer control section 205.
[0191] The pack classification judgment section 204 determines one
of the video pack 87, audio pack 91, sub-picture pack 90, NV pack
86 and computer data pack 88 based on the content of 4-byte data
which comes after an address included in pack data supplied from
the memory I/F section 201 according to the pack header end address
supplied from the pack header end address calculating section 203
and the result of determination is output to the packet data
transfer control section 205.
[0192] When a 1-byte stream ID indicating the private stream 2 is
supplied, the NV pack 86 is identified. When a stream ID indicating
a video stream is supplied, the video pack 87 is identified. When a
1-byte stream ID indicating a private stream 1 is supplied, the
audio pack 81, the sub-picture pack 90 or the computer data pack 88
is identified.
[0193] When the audio pack 91, sub-picture pack 90 or computer data
pack 88 is determined, the Dolby AC3 audio stream, linear audio
stream, sub-picture stream or computer data stream is determined
according to the sub-stream ID 131, 141, or 151 which follows the
packet header 121.
[0194] For example, as shown in FIG. 42, the linear audio stream is
determined in the case of "10100xxx" (xxx; stream number), the
Dolby AC3 audio stream is determined in the case of "10000xxx"
(xxx; stream number), the sub-picture stream is determined in the
case of "001xxxxx" (xxxxx; stream number), and the computer data
stream is determined in the case of "11000000".
[0195] The packet data transfer control section 205 determines the
transfer destination and packet start address according to the pack
header end address supplied from the pack header end address
calculating section 203 and the result of judgment of pack
classification supplied from the pack classification judgment
section 204 and determines the packet length in the packet header
121 of the supplied pack data. Further, the packet data transfer
control section 205 supplies a signal indicating the transfer
destination as a transfer control signal to the decoder I/F section
206 and the packet end address based on the packet start address is
supplied to the memory I/F section 201.
[0196] The decoder I/F section 206 outputs video data, audio data,
sub-picture data to corresponding decoder sections 58, 60, 62 as
packet data containing the packet header 121 supplied from the
memory I/F section 201 to the packet data transfer control section
205 in response to a transfer control signal supplied from the
packet data transfer control section 205 and outputs navigation
data and computer data as packet data to the data RAM 56.
[0197] Next, the operation of reproducing movie data from the
optical disk 10 having the logic format shown in FIGS. 4 to 24 is
explained with reference to FIG. 1. In FIG. 1, arrows indicated by
solid lines between the blocks indicate data buses and arrows
indicated by broken lines indicate control buses.
[0198] In the optical disk device shown in FIG. 1, when the power
supply is turned ON, the system CPU section 50 reads out an initial
operation program from the system ROM and RAM 52 and operates the
disk drive section 30. Therefore, the disk drive section 30 starts
the readout operation for the lead-in area 27 and then the readout
operation is effected for the volume and file structure area 70
which follows the lead-in area 27 and defines the volume and file
structure in conformity to ISO-9660 or the like. The CPU section 50
supplies a read instruction to the disk drive section 30 to read
out data from the volume and file structure area 70 recorded in a
preset position of the optical disk 10 set in the disk drive
section 30, reads out the content of the volume and file structure
area 70 and temporarily stores the readout content into the data
RAM section 56 via the system processor section 54. The system CPU
section 50 extracts management information as information necessary
for the management and information of the recording position,
recording capacity, size and the like of each file by use of a pass
table and directory record stored in the data RAM section 56,
transfers the same to a preset location of the system ROM & RAM
52 and stores the same therein.
[0199] Next, the system CPU section 50 acquires the video manager
71 constructed by a plurality of files starting from the file
number "0" from the system ROM & RAM section 52 by referring to
information of the recording position and recording capacity of
each file. That is, the system CPU section 50 supplies a read
instruction to the disk drive section 30 by referring to
information of the recording position and recording capacity of
each file acquired from the system ROM & RAM section 52,
acquires the position and size of a plurality of files constructing
the video manager 71 lying on the route directory, reads out the
video manager 71, and stores the same into the data RAM section 56
via the system processor section 54. The video manager information
management table (VMGI_MAT) 78 which is the first table of the
video manager 71 is searched. A start address (VMGM_VOBS_SA) of the
video object set (VMGM_VOBS) 76 for the video manager menu (VMGM)
is acquired by the searching operation and the video object set
(VMGM_VOBS) 76 is reproduced. The operation of reproducing the
video object set (VMGM_VOBS) 76 is the same as the reproducing
operation for the video object set (VTSM_VOBS) for the title in the
video title set (VTS), and therefore, explanation for the
reproducing procedure is omitted. When the language is set by use
of the video object set (VMGM_VOBS) 76 or when no video manager
menu (VMGM) is present, the video manager information management
table (VMGI_MAT) is searched to search for the start address
(TT_SRPT_SA) of the title set search pointer table (TT_SRPT)
79.
[0200] By the searching operation, the title set search pointer
table (TT_SRPT) 79 is transferred to a preset location of the
system ROM & RAM section 52 and stored therein. Next, the
system CPU section 50 acquires a last address of the title search
pointer table (TT_SRPT) 79 from the title search pointer table
information (TSPTI) 92 and acquires a start address (VTS_SA) of the
video title set, program chain number (PGCN) and video title set
number (VTSN) corresponding to an entry number from the title
search pointer (TT_SRP) 93 corresponding to the entry number from
the key operation/display section 4. When only one title set is
present, one title search pointer (TT_SRP) 93 is searched
irrespective whether the entry number from the key
operation/display section 4 is present or not and the start address
(VTS_SA) of the title set is acquired. The system CPU section 50
acquires an object title set based on the start address (VTS_SA) of
the title set.
[0201] The system CPU section 50 acquires the stream number of
video, audio, sub-picture for video manager menu and attribute
information items described in the information management table
(VMGI_MAT) 78 of the video manager information (VMGI) 75 and sets
parameters for reproduction of video manager menu in the video
recorder section 58, audio recorder section 60 and sub-picture
decoder section 62 based on the attribute information.
[0202] Next, as shown in FIG. 12, the video title set information
(VTSI) 94 of the title set is acquired from the start address
(VTS_SA) of the video title set 72 shown in FIG. 11. The end
address (VTI_MAT_EA) of the video title set information management
table (VTSI_MAT) 98 shown in FIG. 13 is acquired from the
management table (VTSI_MAT) 98 of video title set information of
the video title set information (VTSI) 94 and respective portions
of the reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 are set according to
the attributes thereof based on the numbers of streams (VTS_AST_Ns,
VTS_SPST_Ns) of audio and sub-picture data items and attribute
information items (VTS_V_ATR, VTS_A_ATR, VTS_SPST_ATR) of video,
audio and sub-picture data items.
[0203] When the menu (VTSM) for the video title set (VTS) is simple
in structure, the start address (VTSM_VOB_SA) of the video object
set (VTSM_VOB) 95 for mend in the video title set is acquired from
the video title set information management table (VTSI_MAT) 98
shown in FIG. 13 and the menu of the video title set is displayed
by the video object set (VTSM_VOB) 95. When the video object set
(VTT_VOBS) 96 for the title (VTST) in the title set (VTS) is simply
reproduced by referring to the menu without selecting the program
chain (PGC), the video object set 96 is reproduced from the start
address (VTSTT_VOB_SA) shown in FIG. 13.
[0204] When the program chain (PGC) is specified by the key
operation/display section 4, an object program chain is searched
for in the following procedure. The procedure of searching for the
program chain is not limited to the operation of searching for a
program chain for the title in the video title set and the same
procedure can be used for searching for a program chain for a
relatively complicated menu constructed by program chains. The
start address of the program chain information table (VTS_PGCIT)
100 in the video title set (VTS) shown in FIG. 13 and described in
the management table (VTSI_MAT) 98 of the video title set
information (VTSI) 94 is acquired and information (VTS_PGCIT_I) 102
of the VTS program chain information table shown in FIG. 14 is
fetched. The number of program chains (VTS_PGC_Ns) and the end
address (VTS_PGCIT_EA) shown in FIG. 15 are acquired from the
information (VTS_PGCIT_I) 102.
[0205] When the program chain number is specified by the key
operation/display section 4, the category of the program chain
shown in FIG. 16 from the VTS_PGCIT search pointer (VTS_PGCIT_SRP)
103 shown in FIG. 14 and corresponding to the specified number and
the start address of VTS_PGC information 104 corresponding to the
search pointer (VTS_PGCIT_SRP) 103 are acquired. The program chain
general information (PGC_GI) shown in FIG. 17 is read out by use of
the start address (VTS_PGCI_SA). The category of the program chain
(PGC) and reproducing time (PGC_CAT, PGC_PB_TIME) are acquired by
use of the general information (PGC_GI) and the start addresses
(C_PBIT_SA, C_POSIT_SA) of the cell reproduction information table
(C_PBIT) and cell position information table (C_POSIT) 108
described in the general information (PGC_GI) are acquired. The
identifier (C_VOB_IDN) of the video object and the identifier
(C_IDN) of the cell as shown in FIG. 24 are acquired as the cell
position information (C_POSI) shown in FIG. 23 by use of the start
address (C_PBIT_SA).
[0206] Further, cell reproduction information (C_PBI) shown in FIG.
21 is acquired by use of the start address (C_POSIT_SA), the start
address (C_FVOBU_SA) of the first VOBU 85 in the cell shown in FIG.
22 and described in the reproduction information (C_PBI) and the
start address (C_LVOBU_SA) of the last VOBU are acquired, and the
target cell is searched for. The cell reproduction order is
determined by referring to the map of the program shown in FIG. 19
in the PGC program map (PGC_PGMAP) 106 shown in FIG. 17 to
sequentially determine the reproduction cell 84. The thus
determined data cells 84 of the program chain are sequentially read
out from the video object 144 and input to the data RAM section 56
via the system processor section 54. The data cell 84 is supplied
to the video decoder section 58, audio decoder section 60 and
sub-picture decoder section 62 according to the reproduction time
information and decoded, converted by the D/A and reproduction
processing section 64, and an image is reproduced on the monitor
section 6 and a sound is reproduced from the speaker section 8.
[0207] Next, the normal operation of reproducing video data by
using the navigation pack 86 is explained in detail with reference
to the flowchart.
[0208] In the normal reproduction of video data, when the normal
reproduction is started as shown in FIG. 48, the video manager
information (VMGI) 75 is searched for by the system CPU section 50
as explained before after the starting step indicated by the step
S11 is effected and then it is stored into the system ROM/RAM
section 52 by the steps S12. Likewise, the video title set
information (VTSI) 94 of the video title set (VTS) 72 is fetched
based on the video manager information (VMGI) 75 and the video
title set menu is displayed on the monitor section 6 by use of the
video object set (VTSM_VOBS) 95. Based on the display, the user
determines the title set 72 to be reproduced and the reproduction
condition as indicated by the step S13. If the determined title set
72 is selected by the key operation/display section 4, data of the
cell reproducing information table (C_PBIT) 107 shown in FIGS. 17,
21, 22 are fetched from the program chain information table
(VTS_PGCIT) 100 shown in FIG. 12 in the selected title set 72 by
the system CPU section 50 as indicated by the step S14 and stored
into the system ROM/RAM section 52.
[0209] The system CPU section 50 determines the program chain
number (VTS_PGC_Ns), angle number (ANGNs), audio stream number and
sub-picture stream number for starting the reproduction according
to the reproducing condition input from the key operation/display
section 4 by the step S15. For example, the program chain is
determined such that the Eleventh World Champion Match of Boxing is
selected as the title and the Japanese caption is used as the
sub-picture under the English narration. Further, the user may
determine a video image which can always provide favorable
observation of the fight between the two boxers as the angle. The
thus determined sub-picture number and audio stream number are set
in the register 54B of the processor section 54 in the step S16.
Likewise, the reproduction start time is set in the system time
clock (STC) 54A, 58A, 60A, 62A of the system processor section 54,
video decoder section 58, audio decoder section 60 and sub-picture
decoder section 62. Further, the start address of first VOBU in the
cell used as the start address and the PGC number, that is, cell
number are stored in the system ROM/RAM section 52.
[0210] A read command is supplied from the system CPU section 50 to
the disk drive section 30 when the preparation for reading the
video title set is made as shown in the step S17 and a seek process
is effected for the optical disk 10 by the disk drive section 30
based on the received start address. Cells associated with the
specified program chain (PGC) are sequentially read out from the
optical disk 10 in response to the read command and supplied to the
data RAM section 56 via the system CPU section 50 and system
processing section 54. The supplied cell data is stored as a pack
into the data RAM section 56 from the navigation pack 86 which is
the head pack of the video object unit (VOBU) 85 as shown in FIG.
6. After this, the video pack 87, audio pack 91, sub-picture pack
90 and computer data pack 88 of the video object unit (VOBU) 85 are
respectively supplied to the video decoder section 58, audio
decoder section 60, sub-picture decoder section 62 and data RAM
section 56, decoded by the respective decoders and then supplied to
the D/A and data reproducing section 64. As a result, a video
signal is supplied to the monitor section 6, an audio signal is
supplied to the speaker section 8, and display of the video image
with the sub-picture is started and voice reproduction is
started.
[0211] The content of the computer data pack 88 is stored into the
work area of the data RAM section 56 for the system CPU section
50.
[0212] Then, the system CPU section 50 executes another process by
using program data as the computer data or starts another program
in the system ROM/RAM section 52.
[0213] For example, when Japanese pachisi game is played in the
course of video operation, the simple program for the Japanese
pachisi game is not recorded in the system ROM/RAM section 52 and
is read out as the computer data as described above.
[0214] Further, by causing the program to be read out as the
computer data, a preset program stored in the system ROM/RAM
section 52 is started.
[0215] If an interruption from the key operation/display section 4
occurs during the reproduction of video and audio signals, key data
obtained at this time is stored into the system RAM/ROM section 52.
If no key data is obtained, whether an interruption of the end of
reproduction from the drive section is present or not is checked.
If the interruption of the end of reproduction is not present, a
standby state for transfer of the navigation pack 86 is set. If
transfer of the navigation pack 86 is completed, the logical sector
number (NV_PCK_LSN) in the navigation pack 86 is stored into the
system RAM/ROM section 52 as the present logical block number
(NOWLBN).
[0216] When transfer of the NV pack 86 is completed, whether it is
the last NV pack 86 in the cell or not is checked. That is, whether
it is the last navigation pack 86 in the cell 84 or not is checked.
The checking operation is effected by comparing the start address
(C_LVOBU_SA) of C_LVOBU of the cell reproduction information table
(C_PBI) 107 shown in FIG. 22 with the address (V_PCK_LBN) of the
navigation pack 86. If the NV pack 86 is the last one in the cell,
whether a change of the angle is made or not is checked. The change
of angle is determined based on whether or not a change of angle is
entered from the key operation/display section 4 to the system CPU
section 50. If no change of angle is made, whether or not the cell
is the last cell of the program chain (PGC) to which the cell 84
belongs is checked. The checking operation is effected based on
whether or not the cell 84 shown in FIGS. 17 and 21 is the last
cell of the cell reproduction information table (C_PBIT) 107. That
is, the checking operation is effected based on the number of cells
constituting the program chain and the identification number of the
reproduced cell. If the end of playback has been specified, or if
there is no program chain, the end PTS (VOBU_EPTS) contained in the
PCI general information (PCI_GI) is referred to in step S18. When
the end PTS (VOBU_EPTS) coincides with the system time clock (STC),
the monitor 6 will stop displaying on the screen as shown in step
S19, then the system CPU will supply a data transfer stop command
to the disk drive section 30, which thereby stops the data
transfer, terminating the playback operation (step S20).
[0217] Next, the pack transfer process is explained with reference
to the flowchart shown in FIG. 49.
[0218] The system CPU section 50 transfers a read command and the
logical sector address of a to-be-reproduced pack to the disk drive
section 30 (step S31).
[0219] Then, the disk drive section 30 seeks a target address (step
S32).
[0220] The disk drive section 30 corrects an error of data of the
target address and transfers main data portion of the logical
sector data to the system processor section 54 (step S33).
[0221] The system processor section 54 stores data of the readout
logical sector in the data RAM section 56 (step S34).
[0222] The system processor section 54 reads out pack headers 110,
120 from the head portion of data of the logical sector stored in
the data RAM section 56 and stores the SCR (system time standard
reference value) thereof (step S35).
[0223] At this time, since the head of the logical sector coincides
with the head of the pack data, data can be easily fetched.
[0224] Then, the system processor section 54 compares the PTS
thereof with the SCR of the stored pack, determines a pack
corresponding to the SCR which has reached the PTS, that is, a
to-be-reproduced pack, reads out the determined pack data from the
data RAM section 56, determines the classification of data by the
packet transfer processing section 200, and transfers data to the
decoder section 58, 60, 62 or data RAM section 56 according to the
determined classification (step S36).
[0225] The decoder sections 58, 60, 62 decode data according to the
respective data formats and the set coding system and supplies the
decoded data to the D/A & reproduction processing section 64.
After a digital signal obtained as the result of decoding of video
data is converted into an analog signal by the D/A &
reproduction processing section 64, the signal is subjected to the
frame rate processing, aspect process, pan-scan process and the
like according to the set condition and then output to the monitor
section 6. After a digital signal obtained as the result of
decoding of audio data is converted into an analog signal by the
D/A & reproduction processing section 64, the signal is
subjected to the mixing process according to the set condition by
the D/A & reproduction processing section 64 and then output to
the speaker section 8. After the D/A & reproduction processing
section 64 converts a digital signal obtained as the result of
decoding of sub-picture data into an analog signal, the signal is
output to the monitor section 6 (step S37).
[0226] When the data RAM section 56 is supplied with program data
as computer data, it stores the data together with the computer
environmental classification indicating the application OS and the
CPU classification and outputs the computer environmental
classification and data thereof to the system CPU section 50.
[0227] The above steps S33 to S37 are repeatedly effected until
reproduction is completed.
[0228] Next, the operation of the packet transfer processing
section 200 is explained.
[0229] Pack data read out from the data RAM section 56 is supplied
to the stuffing length detecting section 202, pack classification
judgment section 204, packet data transfer control section 205 and
decoder I/F section 206 via the memory I/F section 201 (step
S41).
[0230] Then, the stuffing length is detected by the stuffing length
detecting section 202 and data indicating the stuffing length is
output to the pack header end address calculating section 203 (step
S42).
[0231] The pack header end address calculating section 203
calculates the pack header end address based on the supplied
stuffing length and the pack header end address is supplied to the
pack classification judgment section 204 and packet data transfer
control section 205 (step S43).
[0232] The pack classification judgment section 204 determines the
NV pack 86, video pack 87, Dolby AC3 audio pack 91, linear PCM
audio pack 91, sub-picture pack 90, or computer data pack 88 based
on the content of 4-byte to 6-byte data supplied after the pack
header end address according to the pack header end address and the
result of determination is supplied to the packet data transfer
control section 205 (step S44).
[0233] That is, when a 1-byte stream ID indicating the private
stream 2 is supplied, the NV pack 786 is identified; when a stream
ID indicating a video stream is supplied, the video pack 87 is
identified; and when a 1-byte stream ID indicating a private stream
1 is supplied, the audio pack 81 of the Dolby AC3, the audio pack
91 of the linear PCM, the audio pack 91, the sub-picture pack 90,
or the computer data pack 88 is identified.
[0234] In a case where the stream ID is the private stream 1, the
linear PCM audio pack is determined if the sub-stream ID (131, 141,
151) following the packet header 121 is "10100xxx", and the stream
number is determined by "xxx".
[0235] In a case where the stream ID is the private stream 1, the
Dolby AC3 audio pack is determined if the sub-stream ID (131, 141,
151) following the packet header 121 is "10000xxx", and the stream
number is determined by "xxx".
[0236] In a case where the stream ID is the private stream 1, the
sub-picture stream is determined if the sub-stream ID (131, 141,
151) following the packet header 121 is "001xxxxx", and the stream
number is determined by "xxxxx".
[0237] In a case where the stream ID is the private stream 1, the
computer data stream is determined if the sub-stream ID (131, 141,
151) following the packet header 121 is "11000000".
[0238] When the linear PCM audio pack 91 or Dolby AC3 audio pack 91
is determined, an offset byte number indicating the head position
of the first frame is determined by the 2-byte first access unit
pointer 133 following the frame header number 132 which is set
after the sub-stream ID 131.
[0239] Then, the packet data transfer control section 205
determines the transfer destination and packet start address
according to the supplied result of determination of the pack
classification, pack header end address and first access unit
pointer 133 and determines the packet length in the packet header
121 of the supplied pack data. As a result, the packet data
transfer control section 205 supplies a signal indicating the
transfer destination as a transfer control signal to the decoder
I/F section 206 and the packet end address based on the packet
start address is supplied to the memory I/F section 201 (step
S45).
[0240] Thus, substantially effective data is supplied from the
memory I/F section 201 to the decoder I/F section 206 via the data
bus, and then, transferred to the decoder 58, 60, 62 or data RAM
section 56 as the transfer destination corresponding to the
classification (step S46).
[0241] That is, the packet data of video data is transferred to the
decoder 58, the packet data of audio data is transferred to the
decoder 60, the packet data of sub-picture data is transferred to
the decoder 62, and the packet data of computer data is transferred
to the date RAM section 56.
[0242] In this case, since the pack data has a constant length and
the storage state in the data RAM section 56 is made uniform, that
is, the start addresses are set at regular intervals, the heads of
the pack data items in the data RAM section 56 are always stored at
the addresses set at regular intervals, and therefore, the
management of the pack data can be attained only by managing the
pack number without managing the address.
[0243] In a case where data is DSI data and PCI data as NV data
indicating the reproduction position of video data, the NV data is
not transferred to the decoder in the process of determination of
the classification of data, and the NV data is stored in the data
RAM section 56. The NV data is referred to by the system CPU
section 50 when required and used to reproduce video data in a
special way. At this time, the PCI data and DSI data are identified
by the sub-stream ID attached thereto.
[0244] Further, when reproduction of one cell is completed, cell
information to be next reproduced is acquired from cell
reproduction order information in the program chain data and the
reproducing process is effected in the same manner as described
above.
[0245] Next, the video data in the logic formats shown in FIGS. 4
to 31, a method of recording data on the optical disk 10 to
reproduce the video data, and a recording system to which the
recording method is applied will be explained with reference to
FIGS. 50 to 55.
[0246] FIG. 50 shows an encoder system that creates a video file of
a title set 84 in which the video data is encoded. In the system of
FIG. 50, for example, a videotape recorder (VTR) 201, an audiotape
recorder (ATR) 202, a sub-picture source 203 and a computer data
source 204 are used as sources of the main video data, the audio
data, the sup-picture data and computer data. Under the control of
a system controller (Sys con) 205, they create the main video data,
audio data, and sup-picture data, which are supplied to a video
encoder (VENC) 206, an audio encoder (AENC) 207, a sub-picture
encoder (SPENC) 208, and a computer data encoder (CENC) 209,
respectively. Under the control of the system controller (Sys con)
205, these encoders 206, 207, 208, and 209 perform A/D conversion
of the main video data, audio data, and sup-picture data and encode
them by the respective compression schemes. The encoded main video
data, audio data, and sub-picture data (Comp Video, Comp Audio,
Comp Sub-pict, Comp Computer) are stored in memories 210, 211, 212,
and 213. The main video data, audio data, and sub-picture data
(Comp Video, Comp Audio, Comp Sub-pict) are outputted to a file
formatter (FFMT) 214 under the control of the system controller
(Sys con) 205, which converts them so that they may have a file
structure of video data for the system as explained earlier. Then,
under the control of the system controller (Sys con) 205, the
setting conditions for each data item and the management
information including attributes are stored in a memory 216 in the
form of files.
[0247] Explained next will be a standard flow of an encoding
process in the system controller (Sys con) 205 that creates a file
from video data.
[0248] According to the flow of FIG. 51, the main video data and
the audio data are encoded and the encoded main video data and
audio data (Comp Video, Comp Audio) are supplied. Specifically,
when the encoding process is started, as shown in step S50 of FIG.
51, the parameters necessary for encoding the main video data and
audio data are set. Part of the set parameters are stored in the
system controller (Sys con) 205 and at the same time, are used at
the file formatter (FFMT) 214. As shown in step S51, the main video
data is pre-encoded using the parameters and the optimum
distribution of the amount of codes is calculated. Then, on the
basis of the code amount distribution obtained in the pre-encoding,
the main video data is encoded as shown in step S52. At the same
time, the audio data is also encoded at step S52. As shown in step
in S53, if necessary, the main video data is partially encoded
again and the reencoded portion of the main video data is replaced
with the old one. Through the series of steps, the main video data
and audio data are encoded. Furthermore, as shown in steps S54 and
S55, the sub-picture data is encoded and the encoded sub-picture
data (Comp Sub-pict) is supplied. Namely, the parameters necessary
for encoding the sub-picture data is set. As shown in step S54,
part of the parameters are stored in the system controller (Sys
con) 205 and used in the file formatter (FFMT) 214. On the basis of
the parameters, the sub-picture data is encoded. By the process,
the sup-picture data is encoded.
[0249] Furthermore, as shown in steps S56 and S57, the computer
data is encoded and the encoded computer data (Comp Computer) is
supplied. Namely, the parameters necessary for encoding the
computer data is set. As shown in step S56, part of the parameters
are stored in the system controller (Sys con) 205 and used in the
file formatter (FFMT) 214. On the basis of the parameters, the
computer data is encoded. By the process, the computer data is
encoded.
[0250] According to the flow of FIG. 52, the encoded main video
data, audio data, sup-picture data, and computer data (Com Video,
Com Audio, Comp Sub-pict, Comp Computer) are combined and converted
so as to form a video data title set structure as explained in
FIGS. 4 and 12. Specifically, as shown in step S61, a cell is set
as the smallest unit of the video data and cell playback
information on a cell (C_PBI) is created. Then, as shown in step
S62, the structure of the cells constituting a program chain and
the main video, sub-picture, and audio attributes (the information
obtained in encoding the respective data items are used part of
these attributes) are set and the video title set information
management table information (VTSI_MAT) 98 containing information
on a program chain and a video title set time search map table
(VTS_MAPT) 101 are created. At this time, as the need arises, a
video title set direct access pointer table (VTS_DAPT) is also
created. Then, as shown in step S63, the encoded main video data,
audio data, sup-picture data, and computer data (Com Video, Comp
Audio, Comp Sup-pict, Comp Computer) are subdivided into specific
packs. An NV pack 86 is placed at the head of each VOBU unit so
that playback can be effected in the order of time code of each
data item. With the NV packs 86 arranged this way, each data cell
is positioned so that a video object (VOB) may be composed of a
plurality of cells as shown in FIG. 6. A set of such video objects
is formatted into the title set structure.
[0251] In the flow of FIG. 52, the program chain information (PGI)
is obtained in the process of step S62 by using the database in the
system controller (Sys con) 205 or entering data again as the need
arises.
[0252] FIG. 53 shows a disk formatter system that records on an
optical disk the title set formatted as described above. In the
disk formatter system of FIG. 53, the memories 220, 222 in which
the created title set is stored supply these file data items to a
volume formatter (VFMT) 226. In the volume formatter (VFMT) 226
extracts the management information from the title sets 84, 86,
produces a video manager 71, and create the logic data to be
recorded on the disk 10 in the arrangement of FIG. 4. A disk
formatter (DFMT) 228 adds error correction data to the logic data
created at the volume formatter (VFMT) 226, thereby reconverting
the logic data into physical data to be recorded on the disk. A
modulator 230 converts the physical data created at the disk
formatter (DFMT) 228 into the recording data to be recorded
actually on the disk. Then, a recorder 232 records the modulated
recording data on the disk 10.
[0253] A standard flow for creating the aforementioned disk will be
described with reference to FIGS. 54 and 55. FIG. 54 shows the flow
for creating the logic data to be recorded on the disk 10.
Specifically, as shown in step S80, parameter data items, including
the number of video data files, their arrangement, and the size of
each video data file, are set first. Next, in step S81 video manger
71 is generated from the parameters set and the video title set
information 94 of each video title set 72. In step S82, the video
manager 71 and the video tile set 71 are arranged in the order
mentioned, according to their logic block numbers, thereby
generating logic data which is to be recorded on the disk 10.
[0254] Thereafter, the flow for creating the physical data to be
recorded on the disk as shown in FIG. 55 is executed. Specifically,
as shown in step S83, the logic data is divided into units of a
specific number of bytes, thereby forming error correction data.
Next, as shown in step S84, the logic data divided into units of a
specific number of bytes are combined with the created error
correction data to form physical sectors. Thereafter, as shown in
step S85, physical data is created by combining physical sectors.
In this way, the modulating process based on certain rules is
performed on the physical data created in the flow of FIG. 55,
thereby forming the recording data. Thereafter, the recording data
is recorded on the disk 10.
[0255] The above-described data structure can be applied not only
to a case where the data is recorded on recording mediums, such as
optical disks, and then the disks are distributed to the users, but
also to a communication system as shown in FIG. 56. Specifically,
according to the procedure shown in FIGS. 50 to 53, an optical disk
10 in which a video manager 71 and video title set 72 as shown in
FIG. 4 may be loaded into a reproducing unit 300, from whose system
CPU section 50 the encoded data is taken out digitally and
transmitted by a modulator/transmitter 310 to the users or the
cable subscribers by radio or via a cable. Furthermore, the
encoding system 320 shown in FIGS. 50 and 53 may create the data
encoded on the provider side, such as a broadcasting station and
the encoded data may be transmitted by the modulator/transmitter
310 to the users or the cable subscribers by radio or via a cable.
In such a communication system, the information in the video
manager 71 is modulated at the modulator/transmitter 310 and then
supplied to or is directly supplied to the users free of charge.
When a user is interested in the title, the modulator/transmitter
310 transmits the title set 72 at the user's or subscriber's
request by radio or via a cable. Under the control of the video
manager 71, the video title set information 94 is first transferred
and then the title video object 95 in the video title set
reproduced according to the title set information 94 is
transferred. At this time, if necessary, the video title set menu
video object 95 is also transmitted. The transferred data is
received by a receiver/demodulator 400 on the user side and is
processed as encoded data at the system CPU section 50 of the
reproducing unit on the user or subscriber side of FIG. 1 in the
same manner as in the above-described reproducing process, whereby
the video data is reproduced.
[0256] In transferring the video title set 72, the video object
sets 95, 96 are transferred using the video object unit 85 of FIG.
6 as a unit. At the head of the video object unit 85, an NV pack 86
containing video playback and search information is arranged.
Furthermore, because the NV pack contains the addresses of the
video object units to be reproduced immediately before and after
the video object unit 85 to which the NV pack 86 belongs, even if
the video object unit 85 is lost during transfer for some reason,
the video object can be reproduced reliably on the user side by
requesting the lost video object unit 85 to be transmitted again.
Furthermore, even if transfer is not carried out in the order of
playback of video object units, because the system ROM/RAM section
52 on the user side holds the accurate playback information on
program chains, the system CPU section 50 can specify the order of
playback referring to the address data in its NV pack.
[0257] While in the above explanation, the video object unit is a
data train containing video data, audio data, and sub-picture data,
the video object unit may be composed of audio packs only or
sup-picture packs only, because the video object unit has only to
contain any one of video data, audio data, sub picture data, and
computer data.
[0258] As described above, data is stored in the data area of the
disk in the hierarchical structure of program chains, programs,
cells and packs, each pack is constructed by a pack header for
identifying the pack and a packet having a data stream recorded
therein, and the packet is constructed by a packet header having
data indicating at least a private stream, data indicating the
classification of the private stream, and packet data corresponding
to the classification.
[0259] Thus, a plurality of various classification data items can
be dealt with.
[0260] Further, when data to be dealt with is Dolby AC3 audio data
or linear PCM audio data, reproduction started halfway can be
smoothly effected, and when the data is computer data, the
environment in which the data can be used can be easily
detected.
[0261] In the above embodiment, a case wherein the optical disk of
high-density recording type is used as the recording medium is
explained, but this invention can be applied to another recording
medium other than the optical disk, for example, a magnetic disk or
another recording medium physically recordable with high
density.
[0262] Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur
to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its
broader aspects is not limited to the specific details,
representative devices, and illustrated examples shown and
described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made
without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive
concept as defined by the appended claims and their
equivalents.
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