U.S. patent application number 11/125420 was filed with the patent office on 2006-11-16 for header hydraulic float suspension.
This patent application is currently assigned to Deere & Company, a Delaware corporation. Invention is credited to Duane Michael Bomleny.
Application Number | 20060254233 11/125420 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36691391 |
Filed Date | 2006-11-16 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060254233 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Bomleny; Duane Michael |
November 16, 2006 |
Header hydraulic float suspension
Abstract
A floating header for an agricultural combine, the header having
a frame, a support member supporting the frame from the ground, and
a suspension variably supporting the frame from the combine. The
suspension comprises a sub-frame removable attaching to the
combine, links movably attaching the frame and the sub-frame, and
one or more float cylinders moveably supporting the frame from the
sub-frame. A float circuit connects to the float cylinder, and a
float valve connects the float circuit to a main hydraulic circuit
on the combine.
Inventors: |
Bomleny; Duane Michael;
(Geneseo, IL) |
Correspondence
Address: |
DEERE & COMPANY
ONE JOHN DEERE PLACE
MOLINE
IL
61265
US
|
Assignee: |
Deere & Company, a Delaware
corporation
|
Family ID: |
36691391 |
Appl. No.: |
11/125420 |
Filed: |
May 10, 2005 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
56/10.2E |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01D 41/141
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
056/010.20E |
International
Class: |
A01D 75/28 20060101
A01D075/28 |
Claims
1. A floating header for an agricultural combine having a main
hydraulic circuit, the header comprising: a frame; a support member
supporting the frame from the ground; a suspension variably
supporting the frame from the combine, the suspension having a
sub-frame removably attaching to the combine, a plurality of links
movably attaching the frame and the sub-frame, and one or more
float cylinder moveably supporting the frame from the sub-frame; a
float circuit connecting to each float cylinder; a float valve
connecting the float circuit to the main hydraulic circuit, the
float valve adapted to controllably add and subtract hydraulic
fluid in the float circuit.
2. The floating header described in claim 1 wherein the sub-frame
removably attaches to a feederhouse at the front of the
combine.
3. The floating header described in claim 1 wherein the links are
defined as comprising two lower links and one upper link, each
lower link having a first end pivotally attaching to the sub-frame,
each lower link extending forward and having a second end pivotally
attaching to the header frame, the upper link having a first end
pivotally attaching to the sub-frame, and the upper link extending
forward and having a second end pivotally attaching to the header
frame.
4. The floating header described in claim 3 having one float
cylinder corresponding to each lower link.
5. The floating header described in claim 4 wherein each float
cylinder is a single acting hydraulic cylinder adapted to
independently reciprocate.
6. The floating header described in claim 5 further comprising an
accumulator connecting to the float circuit, the accumulator
adapted to maintain constant hydraulic pressure in the float
circuit.
7. The floating header described in claim 5 or 6 wherein the header
is a draper-type header.
8. A floating header for an agricultural combine having a main
hydraulic circuit, the header comprising: a frame; a support member
supporting the frame from the ground; a suspension variably
supporting the frame from the combine, the suspension having a
sub-frame removably attaching to a feederhouse at the front of the
combine, one or more lower links movably attaching the frame and
the sub-frame, one or more upper links movably attaching the frame
and the sub-frame, and one or more float cylinders moveably
supporting the frame from the sub-frame; a float circuit connecting
to each float cylinder; a float valve connecting the float circuit
to the main hydraulic circuit, the float valve adapted to
controllably add and subtract hydraulic fluid in the float
circuit.
9. The floating header described in claim 8 comprising two lower
links and one upper link, each lower link having a first end
pivotally attaching to the sub-frame, each lower link extending
forward and having a second end pivotally attaching to the header
frame, the upper link having a first end pivotally attaching to the
sub-frame, and the upper link extending forward and having a second
end pivotally attaching to the header frame.
10. The floating header described in claim 9 having one float
cylinder corresponding to each lower link.
11. The floating header described in claim 10 wherein each float
cylinder is a single acting hydraulic cylinder adapted to
independently reciprocate.
12. The floating header described in claim 11 further comprising an
accumulator connecting to the float circuit, the accumulator
adapted to maintain constant hydraulic pressure in the float
circuit.
13. The floating header described in claim 11 or 12 wherein the
header is a draper-type header.
14. A floating header for an agricultural combine having a main
hydraulic circuit, the header comprising: a frame; a support member
supporting the frame from the ground; a suspension variably
supporting the frame from the combine, the suspension having a
sub-frame removably attaching to a feederhouse at the front of the
combine, two lower links movably attaching the frame and the
sub-frame, one upper link movably attaching the frame and the
sub-frame, and one or more float cylinders moveably supporting the
frame from the sub-frame, each lower link having a first end
pivotally attaching to the sub-frame, each lower link extending
forward and having a second end pivotally attaching to the header
frame, the upper link having a first end pivotally attaching to the
sub-frame, and the upper link extending forward and having a second
end pivotally attaching to the header frame; a float circuit
connecting to each float cylinder; a float valve connecting the
float circuit to the main hydraulic circuit, the float valve
adapted to controllably add and subtract hydraulic fluid to the
float circuit.
15. The floating header described in claim 14 having one float
cylinder corresponding to each lower link.
16. The floating header described in claim 15 wherein each float
cylinder is a single acting hydraulic cylinder adapted to
independently reciprocate.
17. The floating header described in claim 16 further comprising an
accumulator connecting to the float circuit, the accumulator
adapted to maintain constant hydraulic pressure in the float
circuit.
18. The floating header described in claim 16 or 17 wherein the
header is a draper-type header.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to floating platform and
draper-type headers for agricultural combines. The present
invention also relates to header float systems and header terrain
following systems for agricultural combines.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] An agricultural combine is a large machine used to harvest a
variety of crops from a field. During a harvesting operation, a
header at the front of the combine cuts ripened crop from the
field. A feederhouse supporting the header transfers the crop
material into the combine. Threshing and separating assemblies
within the combine remove grain from the crop material and transfer
the clean grain to a grain tank for temporary holding. Crop
material other than grain exits from the rear of the combine. An
unloading auger transfers the clean grain from the grain tank to a
truck or grain cart for transport, or to another receiving bin for
holding.
[0003] Platform headers and draper headers are header types
commonly used when harvesting crops such as small grains, peas,
lentils, and rice. During a harvesting operation with these header
types, it is desirable to maintain a cutting height as low as
possible to the ground in order to collect substantially the entire
ripe crop from the field. To accomplish this, combines typically
employ a header float system or a terrain following system to
enable the header to follow the ground over changing terrain
without gouging or digging into the soil.
[0004] Manufacturers have developed a number of such systems over
the years. U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,717,995, 3,623,304, and 4,724,661
disclose examples of header float systems using resilient means to
suspend the header, thereby reducing the apparent weight of the
header, allowing it to lightly skid across the ground over changing
terrain. U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,597,907, 4,622,803 and 5,471,823 disclose
examples of similar float systems, but using dynamic means to
suspend the header. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,577,373, 6,041,583 and
6,758,029 B2 disclose examples of terrain following systems using
dynamic means to position the header, thereby sensing and changing
the vertical position of the header to follow changing terrain.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The illustrated embodiment presents a floating header design
implemented with a draper-type header. The header includes a frame
having a conventional configuration, and a floating suspension
system extending from the frame having a sub-frame removably
attaching to the feederhouse. Float cylinders extending between the
frame and sub-frame moveably support the header from the combine.
The float cylinders connect to a float circuit, which in turn
connects to a main hydraulic circuit on the combine by a float
valve. The float valve is an electronically controlled hydraulic
valve commanded by a controller.
[0006] In a first embodiment of a header float system used with the
floating header, the controller continuously maintains a target
pressure in the float circuit as the float cylinders reciprocate
over changing terrain. In header float mode, the system provides
constant support of the header by the float suspension as the
combine travels through the field. In a second embodiment of a
header float system, the controller only initially charges and
seals pressure in the float circuit to a target value, with an
accumulator acting to maintain target pressure in the float circuit
as the float cylinders reciprocate over changing terrain. In a
terrain following system, the controller continuously adjusts
header height over changing terrain by raising and lowering the
feederhouse in response to movement of the floating header
suspension. When operating in this mode, the controller maintains
the position of the float header for optimal function of the header
float system as the combine travels through the field.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] FIG. 1 is a side-view of a combine, showing a floating
header having an integrated hydraulic float suspension.
[0008] FIG. 2 is a partial side-view of the combine, showing the
floating header attached at the front of a feederhouse.
[0009] FIG. 3 is a schematic for a dynamic header float system used
with the illustrated floating header.
[0010] FIG. 4 is a schematic for a resilient header float system
used with the illustrated floating header.
[0011] FIG. 5A shows a side-view of the combine operating on level
ground with an illustrated float system and the floating
header.
[0012] FIG. 5B shows a side-view of the combine operating on
inclining ground with an illustrated float system and the floating
header.
[0013] FIG. 5C shows a side-view of the combine operating on
declining ground with an illustrated float system and the floating
header.
[0014] FIG. 6A shows a front-view of the combine operating on
right-rolling ground with an illustrated float system and the
floating header.
[0015] FIG. 6B shows a front-view of the combine operating on
left-rolling ground with an illustrated float system and the
floating header.
[0016] FIG. 7 is a schematic for a dynamic header terrain following
system combined with the illustrated dynamic float system and
floating header.
[0017] FIG. 8 is a schematic for a dynamic header terrain following
system combined with the illustrated resilient float system and
floating header.
[0018] FIG. 9A shows a side-view of the combine operating on level
ground with the illustrated dynamic header terrain following system
and floating header.
[0019] FIG. 9B shows the combine operating on inclining ground with
the illustrated dynamic header terrain following system at a first
instance.
[0020] FIG. 9C shows the combine operating on inclining ground with
the illustrated dynamic header terrain following system at a second
instance.
[0021] FIG. 9D shows the combine operating on declining ground with
the illustrated dynamic header terrain following system at a first
instance.
[0022] FIG. 9E shows the combine operating on declining ground with
the illustrated dynamic header terrain following system at a second
instance.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates a self-propelled combine 10 commonly used
in a grain farming to harvest a variety of crops from a field. An
onboard engine powers the combine 10, while ground engaging wheels
14 support and propel the machine. An operator controls the combine
10 from an operator's station located in a cab 16 at the front of
the machine. An electronic controller 44, which receives commands
from operator input devices and sensors, commands various function
of the combine 10.
[0024] A feederhouse 20 pivotally attaches at the front of the
combine 10, supporting a header 22 removably attached to the front
of the feeder house 20. A pair of lift cylinders 24 support and
articulate the feederhouse 20 from the combine 10, enabling the
raising and lowering of the header 22 relative to the ground. The
lift cylinders 24 are single or double acting hydraulic cylinders
connected to a main hydraulic circuit 40 by a lift valve 42. The
lift valve 42 is an electronically controlled hydraulic valve
commanded by the controller 44.
[0025] During a harvesting operation, the combine 10 moves forward
through the field with the header 22 lowered to a working height.
The header 22 cuts and transfers crop material to the feederhouse
20, which in turn transfers the crop material into the combine 10.
Once inside the combine, threshing and separating assemblies 26
remove grain from the crop material and transfer it to a grain tank
28 for temporary holding. Crop material other than grain exits from
the rear of the combine 10. An unloading auger 30 transfers the
grain from the grain tank 28 to a truck or grain cart for
transport, or to another receiving bin for holding.
[0026] FIG. 2 shows a side-view of a combine 10, illustrating an
embodiment for a floating header configuration 50 for a draper-type
header. The header 50 includes a frame 52 having a conventional
configuration, the frame 52 supporting a reel assembly 54, a
cutter-bar assembly 56, and a draper assembly 58. A floating
suspension system 60 extending from the rear of the frame 52
primarily supports the header 50 from the feederhouse 20, while
downward extending support member 62 serves to secondarily support
the header 50 from the ground. In the illustrated embodiment, this
support member is a skid plate 62 located near the front of the
frame 52, however the portion could also be a gage-wheel (not
shown).
[0027] The suspension system 60 includes a sub-frame 64 removably
attaching to the feederhouse 20, one or more lower links 66, one or
more upper links 68, one or more float cylinders 70, a float
circuit 72, and a float valve 74. The illustrated embodiment
employs two parallel lower links 66, each having a first end 67
pivotally attaching near the bottom of the sub-frame 64. Each lower
link 66 extends forward and has a second end 67' pivotally
attaching beneath the header frame 52. The illustrated embodiment
uses one upper link 68, having a first end 69 pivotally attaching
near the top of the sub-frame 64. The upper link 68 extends forward
and has a second end 69' pivotally attaching high on the header
frame 52.
[0028] In the illustrated embodiment, two float cylinders 70, one
corresponding to each lower link 66, support the frame 52 from the
sub-frame 64. Each float cylinder 70 has a first end 71 attaching
to its corresponding lower link 66 near the lower link first end
67. Each float cylinder 70 extends upward and has a second end 71'
attaching to the header frame 52. Each float cylinder 70 is a
single acting hydraulic cylinder adapted to independently
reciprocate over a limit range. Each float cylinder 70 connects to
the float circuit 72, which in turn connects to the main hydraulic
circuit 40 via the float valve 74. The float valve 74 is adapted to
selectively add and subtract hydraulic fluid from the float circuit
72. The illustrated float valve 74 is an electronically controlled
hydraulic valve commanded by the controller 44. The float valve 74
is optionally located either on the floating header 22 or on the
combine 10.
[0029] FIGS. 3 and 4 show schematics illustrating first and second
embodiments, 80, 82 respectively, for header float systems used
with the floating header 50. The first embodiment 80 is a dynamic
float system, while the second embodiment 82 is a resilient float
system. Both header float systems serve to reduce the apparent
weight of the header 50 when the working height is such that the
header 50 remains in contact with the ground, illustrated in FIG.
5A.
[0030] With the apparent weight reduced, the header 50 lightly
skids across the ground as the combine 10 moves forward during a
harvesting operation, enabling the header 50 to follow changing
terrain automatically within the limits of the suspension system
60. As the header 50 skids forward, the ground urges the header 50
up as slope inclines, illustrated in FIG. 5B, and gravity urges the
header 50 down as slope declines, illustrated in FIG. 5C.
Additionally, the header 50 provides some role angle floatation
relative to the combine 10 due to independent reciprocation of each
float cylinder 70, illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B.
[0031] In the first embodiment 80, a pressure sensor 84 in
communication with the controller 44 connects to the float circuit
72 between the float cylinders 70 and the float valve 74. Within
the cab 16, operator input devices in communication with the
controller 44 allow the operator to control the function of the
float system in both embodiments. Operator input devices include,
but are not limited to, a float activation device 86 and a float
setting device 88. Examples of float activation devices 86 include
toggle switches or push buttons. Examples of float setting devices
88 include analog dial input devices or digital input devices. Not
shown, an optional shut-off valve isolates the float cylinders 70
from the hydraulic circuit 40, allowing for service of the header
50. Having all of the elements of the first embodiment 80, the
second embodiment 82 further includes an accumulator 90 connecting
to the float circuit 72 between the float cylinders 70 and float
valve 74.
[0032] During a harvesting operation with either embodiment 80, 82,
the operator engages the float activation device 86 to operate the
header 50 in a float mode, and may also manipulate the float
setting device 88 for desired header float response. Once engaged
in the header float mode, the controller 44 reads the float setting
device 88, indicating a level of suspension support required of the
float system 80, 82 by the operator, for example, as percent of
header weight or desired pressure in the float circuit. The
controller 44 then determines a target pressure in the float
circuit adequate to provide the suspension support commanded.
[0033] To determine the target pressure for the float circuit 72,
the controller 44 may reference data correlating pressure values in
the float circuit 72 with suspension support values. This
correlated pressure data will vary from header to header as a
function of header weight and suspension configuration, and may
generate from tables, formulas, or sensor readings. The controller
44 might read the correlated data from a storage device on the
header 50. Data might also be stored in memory internal to the
combine, with the controller 44 selecting the appropriate data
after sensing the header type attached to the combine 10.
[0034] Alternatively, the controller 44 may determine the target
pressure for the float circuit 72 by reading the pressure sensor 84
in the float circuit 72 when the header 50 at a height where the
skid plates are not in contact with the ground. At such a height,
the suspension supports the entire weight of the header, and the
pressure in the float circuit indicates a baseline pressure whereby
the float cylinders 70 entirely support the header 50. The
controller 44 then determines the target pressure by multiplying
the baseline pressure by a factor corresponding to the suspension
support indicated from the float setting device 88.
[0035] In the first embodiment 80, the controller 44 continuously
compares the target pressure with pressure sensor 84 readings
indicating pressure in the float circuit 72, commanding the float
valve 74 to add or subtract hydraulic fluid from the float circuit
72 to maintain pressure sensor 84 readings equal to the target
pressure. In this manner, the controller 44 continuously maintains
target pressure in the float circuit 72 as the float cylinders 70
reciprocate over changing terrain, providing constant support of
the header 50 by the float suspension 60 as the combine 10 travels
through the field. To change header float response while operating
in header float mode, the operator may further manipulate the float
setting device 88 without disengaging the float system. The
controller 44 continuously monitors the float setting device 88 for
changes, determining and applying new target pressures accordingly.
The header float system continues to function until the operator
disengages the float activation device 86.
[0036] In the second embodiment 82, the controller 44 only
initially compares the target pressure with the pressure sensor 84
readings indicating float circuit 72 pressure, commanding the float
valve 74 to add or subtract hydraulic fluid from the float circuit
72 until the reading from the pressure sensor 84 matches the target
pressure. Once charged to the target pressure, the float circuit 72
is sealed and the accumulator 90 acts to maintain target pressure
in the float circuit 72 as the float cylinders 70 reciprocate over
changing terrain. To change header float response while operating
in header float mode, the operator may further manipulate the float
setting device 88 without disengaging the float system. The
controller 44 continuously monitors the float setting device 88 for
changes, determining and applying new target pressures accordingly.
The header float system continues to function until the operator
disengages the float activation device 86.
[0037] FIGS. 7 and 8 show schematics illustrating first and second
embodiments, 92, 94 respectively, for a terrain following system
used with the floating header 50. Both systems serve to extend the
terrain following capability of the floating header system 80, 82
by dynamically actuating the lift cylinders 24 in response to
reciprocation of the float cylinders 70. As the ground urges the
header 50 up on inclines, shown in FIG. 9B, the terrain following
system 92, 94 causes the lift cylinders 24 to raise the header 50
upward such that the float cylinders 70 return to a nominal
position, shown in FIG. 9C. As gravity urges the header 50 down on
declines, shown in FIG. 9D, the terrain following system 92, 94
causes the lift cylinders 24 to lower the header 50 downward such
that the float cylinders 70 again return to their nominal position,
shown in FIG. 9E.
[0038] The first embodiment 92 is a terrain following system used
with the dynamic header float system 80, while the second
embodiment 94 is a terrain following system used with the resilient
header float system 82. In both embodiments, a position sensor 96
in communication with the controller 44, in the form of a
potentiometer, indicates relative reciprocation of each cylinder.
In the illustrated embodiments, each position sensor 96 attaches to
a corresponding lower link 66 and to the frame 52. Within the cab
16, operator input devices in communication with the controller 44
allow the operator to control the function of the terrain following
system 92, 94. Operator input devices include, but are not limited
to, a lift command device 98 and a system activation device 100.
Examples of system activation devices 100 include toggle switches
or push buttons. Examples of lift command devices 98 include levers
or joystick controls.
[0039] During a harvesting operation with either embodiment 92, 94,
the operator manipulates the lift command device 98, causing the
controller 44 to command the lift cylinders 24 to lower the header
50 until the header 50 contacts the ground. The operator then
engages the system activation device 100 to operate in a terrain
following mode. Once engaged, the controller 44 continuously reads
both position sensors 96, calculates the average of the position
sensor 96 readings, and then commands the lift valve 42 to add or
subtract hydraulic fluid from the lift cylinders 24 until the
average of the position sensor 96 readings indicate that the float
cylinders 72 are at their nominal position. In this manner, the
controller 44 continuously adjusts header 50 height over changing
terrain, positioning the float header 50 for optimal function of
the header float system 80, 82 as the combine 10 travels through
the field. The terrain following system 92, 94 continues to
function until the operator disengages the system activation device
100, or until the operator manipulates the lift command device 98
to raise or lower the header 50.
[0040] Having described the preferred embodiment, it will become
apparent that various modifications can be made without departing
from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying
claims.
* * * * *