U.S. patent application number 11/474607 was filed with the patent office on 2006-11-02 for compositions for lipophilic fluid systems.
Invention is credited to Jerome Howard Collins, John Christopher Deak, John Christian Haught, Christian Arthur Jacques K. Thoen, Joseph Michael JR. Ladd, John Cort Severns.
Application Number | 20060247147 11/474607 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 23157779 |
Filed Date | 2006-11-02 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060247147 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Deak; John Christopher ; et
al. |
November 2, 2006 |
Compositions for lipophilic fluid systems
Abstract
Compositions for treating fabric articles, especially articles
of clothing, linens and drapery, wherein the compositions provide
improved cleaning of soils from and/or care of and/or treatment of
fabric articles, especially while providing superior garment care
for articles sensitive to water as compared to conventional fabric
article treating compositions, are provided.
Inventors: |
Deak; John Christopher;
(Clarks Summit, PA) ; Haught; John Christian;
(West Chester, OH) ; Ladd; Joseph Michael JR.;
(Cleves, OH) ; Severns; John Cort; (West Chester,
OH) ; Jacques K. Thoen; Christian Arthur; (West
Chester, OH) ; Collins; Jerome Howard; (Cincinnati,
OH) |
Correspondence
Address: |
THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY;INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DIVISION
WINTON HILL BUSINESS CENTER - BOX 161
6110 CENTER HILL AVENUE
CINCINNATI
OH
45224
US
|
Family ID: |
23157779 |
Appl. No.: |
11/474607 |
Filed: |
June 26, 2006 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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11116787 |
Apr 28, 2005 |
7101835 |
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11474607 |
Jun 26, 2006 |
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10177691 |
Jun 21, 2002 |
6894014 |
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11116787 |
Apr 28, 2005 |
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09849843 |
May 4, 2001 |
6939837 |
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11116787 |
Apr 28, 2005 |
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60300116 |
Jun 22, 2001 |
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60209250 |
Jun 5, 2000 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
510/421 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C11D 3/30 20130101; D06L
1/12 20130101; C11D 7/24 20130101; C11D 7/5022 20130101; C11D 3/162
20130101; B01D 17/0202 20130101; C10G 33/02 20130101; C11D 3/3947
20130101; C11D 3/3942 20130101; C11D 7/5027 20130101; C11D 7/5013
20130101; D06L 4/17 20170101; C11D 3/2068 20130101; C11D 1/825
20130101; C11D 7/5009 20130101; C11D 7/5004 20130101; C11D 11/0076
20130101; F26B 21/14 20130101; C11D 3/43 20130101; C11D 3/50
20130101; C11D 3/2044 20130101; D06M 23/06 20130101; C11D 3/3765
20130101; D06F 2103/00 20200201; C11D 7/263 20130101; B01J 20/26
20130101; D06M 13/005 20130101; C11D 1/526 20130101; C11D 3/3773
20130101; C11D 3/3932 20130101; C11D 1/74 20130101; C11D 3/395
20130101; D06L 1/02 20130101; C11D 1/835 20130101; C11D 3/3905
20130101; C11D 7/3209 20130101; C11D 11/0017 20130101; C11D 3/0015
20130101; B01J 20/28033 20130101; C11D 3/3945 20130101; C11D 3/2041
20130101; D06L 1/10 20130101; D06F 58/30 20200201; C11D 1/72
20130101; B01D 17/04 20130101; C11D 1/82 20130101; D06L 1/04
20130101; C11D 1/721 20130101; C11D 1/123 20130101; C11D 17/049
20130101; C11D 3/40 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
510/421 |
International
Class: |
C11D 17/08 20060101
C11D017/08 |
Claims
1. A consumable detergent composition comprising: a) from about 5%
to about 60% by weight of the composition of a siloxane-based
surfactant; and b) from about 2% to about 75% by weight of the
composition of a nonionic surfactant; and c) from about 2% to about
40% by weight of the composition of a polar solvent comprising
propylene glycol, propylene glycol ethers, or mixtures thereof.
2. The consumable detergent composition according to claim 1
wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises an ethoxylated surfactant
having the formula: R.sup.8-Z-(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.sB wherein
R.sup.8 is an alkyl group or an alkyl aryl group, selected from the
group consisting of primary, secondary and branched chain alkyl
hydrocarbyl groups, primary, secondary and branched chain alkenyl
hydrocarbyl groups, and/or primary, secondary and branched chain
alkyl- and alkenyl-substituted phenolic hydrocarbyl groups having
from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms; s is an integer from about 2
to about 45; B is a hydrogen, a carboxylate group, or a sulfate
group; and linking group Z is --O--, --C(O)O--, --C(O)N(R)--, or
--C(O)N(R)--, and mixtures thereof, in which R, when present, is
R.sup.8 or hydrogen.
3. The consumable detergent composition according to claim 2
wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises a secondary alcohol
ethoxylate, with R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.18 alkyl and/or
alkenyl group, and s being from about 2 to about 8.
4. The consumable detergent composition according to claim 2
wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises an alkyl ethoxylate, with
R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.16 straight or branched chain alkyl
and/or alkenyl group, and s being from about 2 to about 6.
5. The consumable detergent composition according to claim 2
wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises an alkyl ethoxylate, with
R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.15 alkyl group, and s being from about
2.25 to about 3.5.
6. The consumable detergent composition according to claim 2
wherein the nonionic surfactant has an HLB of from about 6 to about
11.
7. The consumable detergent composition according to claim 1
wherein the siloxane-based surfactant comprising a polyether
siloxane having the formula:
M.sub.aD.sub.bD'.sub.cD''.sub.dM'.sub.2-a wherein a is 0-2; b is
0-1000; c is 0-50; d is 0-50, provided that a+c+d is at least 1; M
is R.sup.1.sub.3-eX.sub.eSiO.sub.1/2 wherein R.sup.1 is
independently H, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, X is hydroxyl
group, and e is 0 or 1; M' is R.sup.2.sub.3SiO.sub.1/2 wherein
R.sup.2 is independently H, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or
(CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.gO--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O)-
.sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub.j--R.sup.3, provided that at least
one R.sup.2 is (CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.g
O--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub-
.j--R.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, a monovalent
hydrocarbon group or an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is
1-50, i is 0-50, j is 0-50, k is 4-8; D is R.sup.4.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2
wherein R.sup.4 is independently H or a monovalent hydrocarbon
group; D' is R.sup.5.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.5 is
independently R.sup.2 provided that at least one R.sup.5 is
(CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.g
O--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub-
.j--R.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, a monovalent
hydrocarbon group or an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is
1-50, i is 0-50, j is 0-50, k is 4-8; and D'' is
R.sup.6.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.6 is independently H, a
monovalent hydrocarbon group or
(CH.sub.2).sub.l(C.sub.6H.sub.4).sub.m(A).sub.n-[(L).sub.o-(A').sub.p-].s-
ub.q-(L').sub.rZ(G).sub.s, wherein l is 1-10; m is 0 or 1; n is
0-5; o is 0-3; p is 0 or 1; q is 0-10; r is 0-3; s is 0-3;
C.sub.6H.sub.4 is unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-10
alkyl or alkenyl; A and A' are each independently a linking moiety
representing an ester, a keto, an ether, a thio, an amido, an
amino, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkyl, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkenyl, a
branched or straight chained polyalkylene oxide, a phosphate, a
sulfonyl, a sulfate, an ammonium, and mixtures thereof; L and L'
are each independently a C.sub.1-30 straight chained or branched
alkyl or alkenyl or an aryl which is unsubstituted or substituted;
Z is a hydrogen, carboxylic acid, a hydroxy, a phosphato, a
phosphate ester, a sulfonyl, a sulfonate, a sulfate, a branched or
straight-chained polyalkylene oxide, a nitryl, a glyceryl, an aryl
unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-30 alkyl or alkenyl, a
carbohydrate unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-10 alkyl
or alkenyl or an ammonium; G is an anion or cation such as H.sup.+,
Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+, NH.sub.4.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2,
Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-, mesylate or tosylate.
8. The consumable detergent composition according to claim 1
further comprising from about 1% to about 60% by weight of the
composition of a non-silicone additive selected from the group
consisting of anionic, cationic, zwitterionic surfactants and
mixtures thereof.
9. The consumable composition of claim 1, wherein the polar solvent
further comprises water.
10. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1
wherein said composition further comprises a cleaning adjunct
selected from the group consisting of: builders, additional
surfactants, emulsifying agents, enzymes, bleach activators, bleach
catalysts, bleach boosters, bleaches, alkalinity sources,
antibacterial agent, colorants, perfume, lime soap dispersants,
odor control agents, odor neutralizers, polymeric dye transfer
inhibiting agents, crystal growth inhibitors, photobleaches, heavy
metal ion sequestrants, anti-tarnishing agents, anti-microbial
agents, anti-oxidants, anti-redeposition agents, soil release
polymers, electrolytes, pH modifiers, thickeners, abrasives,
divalent ions, metal ion salts, enzyme stabilizers, corrosion
inhibitors, diamines, suds stabilizing polymers, solvents, process
aids, fabric softening agents or actives, sizing agents, optical
brighteners, hydrotropes and mixtures thereof.
11. A fabric article treating composition comprising: a) from about
70% to about 99.99% by weight of the fabric article treating
composition of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane; b) from about 0.01% to
about 10% by weight of the fabric article treating composition of a
siloxane-based surfactant; c) from about 0.01% to about 10% by
weight of the fabric article treating composition of a nonionic
surfactant; d) from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of the
fabric article treating composition of a polar solvent comprising
propylene glycol, propylene glycol ethers, or mixtures thereof; and
e) optionally, from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the
fabric article treating composition of other cleaning adjuncts.
12. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 11
wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises an ethoxylated surfactant
having the formula: R.sup.8-Z-(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.SB wherein
R.sup.8 is an alkyl group or an alkyl aryl group, selected from the
group consisting of primary, secondary and branched chain alkyl
hydrocarbyl groups, primary, secondary and branched chain alkenyl
hydrocarbyl groups, and/or primary, secondary and branched chain
alkyl- and alkenyl-substituted phenolic hydrocarbyl groups having
from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms; s is an integer from about 2
to about 45; B is a hydrogen, a carboxylate group, or a sulfate
group; and linking group Z is --O--, --C(O)O, --C(O)N(R)--, or
--C(O)N(R)--, and mixtures thereof, in which R, when present, is
R.sup.8 or hydrogen.
13. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 12
wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises a secondary alcohol
ethoxylate, with R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.18 alkyl and/or
alkenyl group, and s being from about 2 to about 8.
14. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 12
wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises an alkyl ethoxylate, with
R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.16 straight or branched chain alkyl
and/or alkenyl group, and s being from about 2 to about 6.
15. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 12
wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises an alkyl ethoxylate, with
R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.15 alkyl group, and s being from about
2.25 to about 3.5.
16. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 12
wherein the nonionic surfactant has an HLB of from about 6 to about
11
17. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 11
wherein said surfactant component comprises a siloxane-based
surfactant comprising a polyether siloxane having the formula:
M.sub.aD.sub.bD'.sub.cD''.sub.dM'.sub.2-a wherein a is 0-2; b is
0-1000; c is 0-50; d is 0-50, provided that a+c+d is at least 1; M
is R.sup.1.sub.3-eX.sub.eSiO.sub.1/2 wherein R.sup.1 is
independently H, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, X is hydroxyl
group, and e is 0 or 1; M' is R.sup.2.sub.3SiO.sub.1/2 wherein
R.sup.2 is independently H, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or
(CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.gO--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O)-
.sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub.j--R.sup.3, provided that at least
one R.sup.2 is (CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.g
O--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub-
.j--R.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, a monovalent
hydrocarbon group or an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is
1-50, i is 0-50, j is 0-50, k is 4-8; D is R.sup.4.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2
wherein R.sup.4 is independently H or a monovalent hydrocarbon
group; D' is R.sup.5.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.5 is
independently R.sup.2 provided that at least one R.sup.5 is
(CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.g
O--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub-
.j--R.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, a monovalent
hydrocarbon group or an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is
1-50, i is 0-50, j is 0-50, k is 4-8; and D'' is
R.sup.6.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.6 is independently H, a
monovalent hydrocarbon group or
(CH.sub.2).sub.l(C.sub.6H.sub.4).sub.m(A).sub.n-[(L).sub.o-(A').sub.p-].s-
ub.q-(L').sub.rZ(G).sub.s, wherein 1 is 1-10; m is 0 or 1; n is
0-5; o is 0-3; p is 0 or 1; q is 0-10; r is 0-3; s is 0-3;
C.sub.6H.sub.4 is unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-10
alkyl or alkenyl; A and A' are each independently a linking moiety
representing an ester, a keto, an ether, a thio, an amido, an
amino, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkyl, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkenyl, a
branched or straight chained polyalkylene oxide, a phosphate, a
sulfonyl, a sulfate, an ammonium, and mixtures thereof; L and L'
are each independently a C.sub.1-30 straight chained or branched
alkyl or alkenyl or an aryl which is unsubstituted or substituted;
Z is a hydrogen, carboxylic acid, a hydroxy, a phosphato, a
phosphate ester, a sulfonyl, a sulfonate, a sulfate, a branched or
straight-chained polyalkylene oxide, a nitryl, a glyceryl, an aryl
unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-30 alkyl or alkenyl, a
carbohydrate unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-10a alkyl
or alkenyl or an ammonium; G is an anion or cation such as H.sup.+,
Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+, NH.sub.4.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2,
Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-, mesylate or tosylate.
18. A method for preparation of a fabric article treating
composition from a consumable detergent composition comprising the
step of mixing a consumable detergent composition according to
claim 1 with decamethylcyclopentasiloxane to form the fabric
article treating composition.
19. A method for laundering fabric articles in need of treatment
comprising the steps of: a) mixing a consumable detergent
composition according to claim 1 with decamethylcyclopentasiloxane
to form a fabric article treating composition; and b) contacting
the fabric articles with the fabric article treating composition
from step a), such that the fabric articles are treated.
20. A method for laundering fabric articles in need of treatment
comprising the step of contacting the fabric articles with a
consumable detergent composition according to claim 1 in the
presence of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane.
21. A method for laundering fabric articles in need of treatment
comprising the steps of: a) contacting the fabric articles with
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane; and b) contacting the fabric articles
with a consumable detergent composition according to claim 1; and
c) optionally, subsequently agitating the fabric articles; wherein
steps a) and b) can occur in any sequence and/or concurrently.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 11/116,787, filed on Apr. 28, 2005, which is a
continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/177,691, filed
on Jun. 21, 2002, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,894,014, which
claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/300,116
filed on Jun. 22, 2001; and which is a continuation-in-part of U.S.
patent application Ser. No. 09/849,843, filed on May 4, 2001, now
issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,939,837, which claims priority under 35
USC 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/209,250
filed on Jun. 5, 2000.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to compositions for treating
fabric articles, especially articles of clothing, linens and
drapery, wherein the compositions provide improved cleaning of
soils from and/or care of and/or treatment of fabric articles,
especially while providing superior garment care for articles
sensitive to water as compared to conventional fabric article
treating compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] For the cleaning of fabric articles consumers currently have
the choice of conventional laundry cleaning or dry cleaning.
[0004] Conventional laundry cleaning is carried out with relatively
large amounts of water, typically in a washing machine at the
consumer's home, or in a dedicated place such as a coin laundry.
Although washing machines and laundry detergents have become quite
sophisticated, the conventional laundry process still exposes the
fabric articles to a risk of dye transfer and shrinkage.
Significant portions of fabric articles used by consumers are not
suitable for cleaning in a conventional laundry process. Even
fabric articles that are considered "washing machine safe"
frequently come out of the laundry process badly wrinkled and
require ironing.
[0005] Dry cleaning processes rely on non-aqueous solvents for
cleaning. By avoiding water these processes minimize the risk of
shrinkage and wrinkling; however, cleaning of soils, particularly
water-based and alcohol-based soils, is very limited with these
processes. Typically, the dry-cleaner removes such soils by hand
prior to the dry-cleaning process. These methods are complex,
requiring a wide range of compositions to address the variety of
stains encountered, very labor intensive and often result in some
localized damage to the treated article.
[0006] Accordingly there is an unmet need, in commercial laundry,
in dry-cleaning and in the home, for fabric article treating
compositions, which simultaneously provide acceptable cleaning of
across a variety of soils while remaining safe for a wide range of
fabric articles.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention provides compositions which exhibit
improved cleaning of soils from and/or care of and/or treatment of
fabric articles. These benefits may be delivered to the fabric
article treated by the compositions of the present invention while
maintaining excellent fabric care properties.
[0008] In one aspect of the present invention, a consumable
detergent composition comprising: [0009] a) from about 5% to about
60% by weight of the composition of a siloxane-based surfactant;
and [0010] b) from about 2% to about 75% by weight of the
composition of a nonionic surfactant; and [0011] c) from about 2%
to about 40% by weight of the composition of a polar solvent
comprising 1,2-hexanediol.
[0012] In another aspect of the present invention, a fabric article
treating composition comprising: [0013] a) from about 70% to about
99.99% by weight of the fabric article treating composition of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane; [0014] b) from about 0.01% to about
10% by weight of the fabric article treating composition of a
siloxane-based surfactant; [0015] c) from about 0.01% to about 10%
by weight of the fabric article treating composition of a nonionic
surfactant; [0016] d) from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of
the fabric article treating composition of a polar solvent
comprising 1,2-hexanediol; [0017] e) optionally, from about 0.01%
to about 10% by weight of the fabric article treating composition
of other cleaning adjuncts.
[0018] In another aspect of the present invention, a consumable
detergent composition is provided such that upon dilution (i.e.,
mixing) with decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, the aforementioned
fabric article treating compositions are achieved.
[0019] In another aspect of the present invention, methods for
treating fabric articles in need of treatment are provided.
[0020] In another aspect of the present invention, a method for
treating fabric articles in need of treatment is provided; the
method comprises the steps of: [0021] a) contacting the fabric
articles with decamethylcyclopentasiloxane in accordance with the
present invention; and [0022] b) contacting the fabric articles
with a consumable detergent composition in accordance with the
present invention; and [0023] c) optionally, subsequently agitating
the fabric articles. Steps a) and b) can occur in any sequence
and/or concurrently.
[0024] These and other aspects, features and advantages will become
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of
the following detailed description and the appended claims. All
percentages, ratios and proportions herein are by weight, unless
otherwise specified. All temperatures are in degrees Celsius
(.degree. C.) unless otherwise specified. All measurements are in
SI units unless otherwise specified. All documents cited are, in
relevant part, incorporated herein by reference.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DEFINITIONS
[0025] The term "fabric article" used herein is intended to mean
any article that is customarily cleaned in a conventional laundry
process or in a dry cleaning process. As such, the term encompasses
articles of clothing, linens, drapery, and clothing accessories.
The term also encompasses other items made in whole or in part of
fabric, such as tote bags, furniture covers, tarpaulins and the
like.
[0026] The term "lipophilic fluid" used herein is intended to mean
any nonaqueous fluid capable of removing sebum, as described in
more detail herein below.
[0027] The term "fabric article treating composition" used herein
is intended to mean any lipophilic fluid-containing composition
containing cleaning and/or care additives that come into direct
contact with fabric articles to be cleaned. It should be understood
that the term "fabric article treating composition" encompasses
uses other than cleaning, such as conditioning and sizing.
Furthermore, optional cleaning adjuncts such as additional
surfactants other than those surfactants described above, bleaches,
and the like may be added to the "fabric article treating
composition". That is, cleaning adjuncts may be optionally combined
with the lipophilic fluid. These optional cleaning adjuncts are
described in more detail hereinbelow. Such cleaning adjuncts may be
present in the fabric article treating compositions of the present
invention at a level of from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of
the fabric article treating composition.
[0028] The term "soil" means any undesirable substance on a fabric
article that is desired to be removed. By the terms "water-based"
or "hydrophilic" soils is meant that the soil comprised water at
the time it first came in contact with the fabric article, or the
soil retains a significant portion of water on the fabric article.
Examples of water-based soils include, but are not limited to,
beverages, many food soils, water soluble dyes, bodily fluids such
as sweat, urine or blood, outdoor soils such as grass stains and
mud.
[0029] The term "capable of suspending water in a lipophilic fluid"
means that a material is able to suspend, solvate and/or emulsify
water, in a way that the water remains visibly suspended, solvated
or emulsified when left undisturbed for a period of at least five
minutes after initial mixing of the components. In some examples of
compositions in accordance with the present invention, the
compositions may be colloidal in nature and/or appear milky. In
other examples of compositions in accordance with the present
invention, the compositions may be transparent.
[0030] The term "insoluble in a lipophilic fluid" means that when
added to a lipophilic fluid, a material physically separates from
the lipophilic fluid (i.e. settle-out, flocculate, float) within 5
minutes after addition, whereas a material that is "soluble in a
lipophilic fluid" does not physically separate from the lipophilic
fluid within 5 minutes after addition.
[0031] The term "consumable detergent composition" means any
detersive composition, that when combined with a discrete
lipophilic fluid, results in a fabric article treating composition
according to the present invention.
[0032] The term "processing aid" refers to any material that
renders the consumable detergent composition more suitable for
formulation, stability, and/or dilution with a lipophilic fluid to
form a fabric article treating composition in accordance with the
present invention.
[0033] The term "mixing" as used herein means combining two or more
materials (i.e., more specifically a discrete lipophilic fluid and
a detergent composition in accordance with the present invention)
in such a way that a homogeneous mixture or stable dispersion or
suspension is formed. Suitable mixing processes are known in the
art. Nonlimiting examples of suitable mixing processes include
vortex mixing processes and static mixing processes.
COMPOSITIONS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0034] The present invention provides compositions which exhibit
improved cleaning of soils (i.e., removal and/or reduction of
soils) from and/or care of and/or treatment of fabric articles.
These benefits may be delivered to the fabric article treated by
the compositions of the present invention while maintaining
excellent fabric care properties. while maintaining excellent
fabric care properties.
Lipophilic Fluid
[0035] The lipophilic fluid herein is one having a liquid phase
present under operating conditions of a fabric article treating
appliance, in other words, during treatment of a fabric article in
accordance with the present invention. In general such a lipophilic
fluid can be fully liquid at ambient temperature and pressure, can
be an easily melted solid, e.g., one which becomes liquid at
temperatures in the range from about 0 deg. C. to about 60 deg. C.,
or can comprise a mixture of liquid and vapor phases at ambient
temperatures and pressures, e.g., at 25 deg. C. and 1 atm.
pressure. Thus, the lipophilic fluid is not a compressible gas such
as carbon dioxide.
[0036] It is preferred that the lipophilic fluids herein be
nonflammable or have relatively high flash points and/or low VOC
(volatile organic compound) characteristics, these terms having
their conventional meanings as used in the dry cleaning industry,
to equal or, preferably, exceed the characteristics of known
conventional dry cleaning fluids.
[0037] Moreover, suitable lipophilic fluids herein are readily
flowable and non-viscous.
[0038] In general, lipophilic fluids herein are required to be
fluids capable of at least partially dissolving sebum or body soil
as defined in the test hereinafter. Mixtures of lipophilic fluid
are also suitable, and provided that the requirements of the
Lipophilic Fluid Test, as described below, are met, the lipophilic
fluid can include any fraction of dry-cleaning solvents, especially
newer types including fluorinated solvents, or perfluorinated
amines. Some perfluorinated amines such as perfluorotributylamines
while unsuitable for use as lipophilic fluid may be present as one
of many possible adjuncts present in the lipophilic
fluid-containing composition.
[0039] Other suitable lipophilic fluids include, but are not
limited to, organosilicone solvents including both cyclic and
acyclic types, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
[0040] A preferred group of nonaqueous lipophilic fluids suitable
for incorporation as a major component of the compositions of the
present invention include low-volatility nonfluorinated organics,
silicones, especially those other than amino functional silicones,
and mixtures thereof. Low volatility nonfluorinated organics
include for example OLEAN.RTM. and other polyol esters, or certain
relatively nonvolatile biodegradable mid-chain branched petroleum
fractions.
[0041] Another preferred group of nonaqueous lipophilic fluids
suitable for incorporation as a major component of the compositions
of the present invention include, but are not limited to, glycol
ethers, for example propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol
n-propyl ether, propylene glycol t-butyl ether, propylene glycol
n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol
n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol t-butyl ether, dipropylene
glycol n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether,
tripropylene glycol n-propyl ether, tripropylene glycol t-butyl
ether, tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether. Suitable silicones for
use as a major component, e.g., more than 50%, of the composition
include cyclopentasiloxanes, sometimes termed "D5", and/or linear
analogs having approximately similar volatility, optionally
complemented by other compatible silicones. Suitable silicones are
well known in the literature, see, for example, Kirk Othmer's
Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, and are available from a
number of commercial sources, including General Electric, Toshiba
Silicone, Bayer, and Dow Corning. Other suitable lipophilic fluids
are commercially available from Procter & Gamble or from Dow
Chemical and other suppliers.
Qualification of Lipophilic Fluid and Lipophilic Fluid Test (LF
Test)
[0042] Any nonaqueous fluid that is both capable of meeting known
requirements for a dry-cleaning fluid (e.g, flash point etc.) and
is capable of at least partially dissolving sebum, as indicated by
the test method described below, is suitable as a lipophilic fluid
herein. As a general guideline, perfluorobutylamine (Fluorinert
FC-43.RTM.) on its own (with or without adjuncts) is a reference
material which by definition is unsuitable as a lipophilic fluid
for use herein (it is essentially a nonsolvent) while
cyclopentasiloxanes have suitable sebum-dissolving properties and
dissolves sebum.
[0043] The following is the method for investigating and qualifying
other materials, e.g., other low-viscosity, free-flowing silicones,
for use as the lipophilic fluid. The method uses commercially
available Crisco.RTM. canola oil, oleic acid (95% pure, available
from Sigma Aldrich Co.) and squalene (99% pure, available from J.T.
Baker) as model soils for sebum. The test materials should be
substantially anhydrous and free from any added adjuncts, or other
materials during evaluation.
[0044] Prepare three vials, each vial will contain one type of
lipophilic soil. Place 1.0 g of canola oil in the first; in a
second vial place 1.0 g of the oleic acid (95%), and in a third and
final vial place 1.0 g of the squalene (99.9%). To each vial add 1
g of the fluid to be tested for lipophilicity. Separately mix at
room temperature and pressure each vial containing the lipophilic
soil and the fluid to be tested for 20 seconds on a standard vortex
mixer at maximum setting. Place vials on the bench and allow to
settle for 15 minutes at room temperature and pressure. If, upon
standing, a clear single phase is formed in any of the vials
containing lipophilic soils, then the nonaqueous fluid qualifies as
suitable for use as a "lipophilic fluid" in accordance with the
present invention. However, if two or more separate layers are
formed in all three vials, then the amount of nonaqueous fluid
dissolved in the oil phase will need to be further determined
before rejecting or accepting the nonaqueous fluid as
qualified.
[0045] In such a case, with a syringe, carefully extract a
200-microliter sample from each layer in each vial. The
syringe-extracted layer samples are placed in GC auto sampler vials
and subjected to conventional GC analysis after determining the
retention time of calibration samples of each of the three models
soils and the fluid being tested. If more than 1% of the test fluid
by GC, preferably greater, is found to be present in any one of the
layers which consists of the oleic acid, canola oil or squalene
layer, then the test fluid is also qualified for use as a
lipophilic fluid. If needed, the method can be further calibrated
using heptacosafluorotributylamine, i.e., Fluorinert FC-43 (fail)
and cyclopentasiloxane (pass). A suitable GC is a Hewlett Packard
Gas Chromatograph HP5890 Series II equipped with a split/splitless
injector and FID. A suitable column used in determining the amount
of lipophilic fluid present is a J&W Scientific capillary
column DB-1HT, 30 meter, 0.25 mm id, 0.1 um film thickness cat#
1221131. The GC is suitably operated under the following
conditions:
[0046] Carrier Gas: Hydrogen
[0047] Column Head Pressure: 9 psi
[0048] Flows: Column Flow @ .about.1.5 ml/min. [0049] Split Vent @
.about.250-500 ml/min. [0050] Septum Purge @ 1 ml/min.
[0051] Injection: HP 7673 Autosampler, 10 ul syringe, 1 ul
injection
[0052] Injector Temperature: 350.degree. C.
[0053] Detector Temperature: 380.degree. C.
[0054] Oven Temperature Program: initial 60.degree. C. hold 1 min.
[0055] rate 25.degree. C./min. [0056] final 380.degree. C. hold 30
min.
[0057] Preferred lipophilic fluids suitable for use herein can
further be qualified for use on the basis of having an excellent
garment care profile. Garment care profile testing is well known in
the art and involves testing a fluid to be qualified using a wide
range of garment or fabric article components, including fabrics,
threads and elastics used in seams, etc., and a range of buttons.
Preferred lipophilic fluids for use herein have an excellent
garment care profile, for example they have a good shrinkage and/or
fabric puckering profile and do not appreciably damage plastic
buttons. Certain materials which in sebum removal qualify for use
as lipophilic fluids, for example ethyl lactate, can be quite
objectionable in their tendency to dissolve buttons, and if such a
material is to be used in the compositions of the present
invention, it will be formulated with water and/or other solvents
such that the overall mix is not substantially damaging to buttons.
Other lipophilic fluids, D5, for example, meet the garment care
requirements quite admirably. Some suitable lipophilic fluids may
be found in granted U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,865,852; 5,942,007; 6,042,617;
6,042,618; 6,056,789; 6,059,845; and 6,063,135, which are
incorporated herein by reference.
[0058] Lipophilic fluids can include linear and cyclic
polysiloxanes, hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons, with the
exception of PERC which is explicitly not covered by the lipophilic
fluid definition as used herein. (Specifically call out DF2000 and
PERC). More preferred are the linear and cyclic polysiloxanes and
hydrocarbons of the glycol ether, acetate ester, lactate ester
families. Preferred lipophilic fluids include cyclic siloxanes
having a boiling point at 760 mm Hg. of below about 250.degree. C.
Specifically preferred cyclic siloxanes for use in this invention
are octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and
dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane. Preferably, the cyclic siloxane
comprises decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5, pentamer) and is
substantially free of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (tetramer) and
dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (hexamer).
[0059] However, it should be understood that useful cyclic siloxane
mixtures might contain, in addition to the preferred cyclic
siloxanes, minor amounts of other cyclic siloxanes including
octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane or
higher cyclics such as tetradecamethylcycloheptasiloxane. Generally
the amount of these other cyclic siloxanes in useful cyclic
siloxane mixtures will be less than about 10 percent based on the
total weight of the mixture. The industry standard for cyclic
siloxane mixtures is that such mixtures comprise less than about 1%
by weight of the mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
[0060] Accordingly, the lipophilic fluid of the present invention
preferably comprises more than about 50%, more preferably more than
about 75%, even more preferably at least about 90%, most preferably
at least about 95% by weight of the lipophilic fluid of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. Alternatively, the lipophilic fluid
may comprise siloxanes which are a mixture of cyclic siloxanes
having more than about 50%, preferably more than about 75%, more
preferably at least about 90%, most preferably at least about 95%
up to about 100% by weight of the mixture of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane and less than about 10%, preferably
less than about 5%, more preferably less than about 2%, even more
preferably less than about 1%, most preferably less than about 0.5%
to about 0% by weight of the mixture of
octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and/or
dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane.
[0061] The level of lipophilic fluid, when present in the fabric
article treating compositions according to the present invention,
is preferably from about 70% to about 99.99%, more preferably from
about 90% to about 99.9%, and even more preferably from about 95%
to about 99.8% by weight of the fabric article treating
composition.
[0062] The level of lipophilic fluid, when present in the
consumable detergent compositions according to the present
invention, is preferably from about 0.1% to about 90%, more
preferably from about 0.5% to about 75%, and even more preferably
from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the consumable detergent
composition.
Surfactant Component
[0063] The surfactant component of the present invention can be a
material that is capable of suspending water in a lipophilic fluid
and/or enhancing soil removal benefits of a lipophilic fluid. The
materials may be soluble in the lipophilic fluid.
[0064] One class of materials can include siloxane-based
surfactants (siloxane-based materials). The siloxane-based
surfactants in this application may be siloxane polymers for other
applications. The siloxane-based surfactants typically have a
weight average molecular weight from 500 to 20,000. Such materials,
derived from poly(dimethylsiloxane), are well known in the art. In
the present invention, not all such siloxane-based surfactants are
suitable, because they do not provide improved cleaning of soils
compared to the level of cleaning provided by the lipophilic fluid
itself.
[0065] Suitable siloxane-based surfactants comprise a polyether
siloxane having the formula:
M.sub.aD.sub.bD'.sub.cD''.sub.dM'.sub.2-a wherein a is 0-2; b is
0-1000; c is 0-50; d is 0-50, provided that a+c+d is at least
1;
[0066] M is R.sup.1.sub.3-eX.sub.eSiO.sub.1/2 wherein R.sup.1 is
independently H, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, X is hydroxyl
group, and e is 0 or 1;
[0067] M' is R.sup.2.sub.3SiO.sub.1/2 wherein R.sup.2 is
independently H, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or
(CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.gO--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O)-
.sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub.j--R.sup.3 provided that at least one
R.sup.2 is (CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.g
O--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub-
.j--R.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, a monovalent
hydrocarbon group or an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is
1-50, i is 0-50, j is 0-50, k is 4-8;
[0068] D is R.sup.4.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.4 is
independently H or a monovalent hydrocarbon group;
[0069] D' is R.sup.5.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.5 is
independently R.sup.2 provided that at least one R.sup.5 is
(CH.sub.2).sub.f-(C6H4).sub.g
O--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h-(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i-(C.sub.kH.sub.2kO).sub-
.j--R.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, a monovalent
hydrocarbon group or an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is
1-50, i is 0-50, j is 0-50, k is 4-8; and
[0070] D'' is R.sup.6.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.6 is
independently H, a monovalent hydrocarbon group or
(CH.sub.2).sub.l(C.sub.6H.sub.4).sub.m(A).sub.n-[(L).sub.O-(A').sub.p-].s-
ub.q-(L').sub.rZ(G).sub.S, wherein l is 1-10; m is 0 or 1; n is
0-5; o is 0-3; p is 0 or 1; q is 0-10; r is 0-3; s is 0-3;
C.sub.6H.sub.4 is unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-10
alkyl or alkenyl; A and A' are each independently a linking moiety
representing an ester, a keto, an ether, a thio, an amido, an
amino, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkyl, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkenyl, a
branched or straight chained polyalkylene oxide, a phosphate, a
sulfonyl, a sulfate, an ammonium, and mixtures thereof; L and L'
are each independently a C.sub.1-30 straight chained or branched
alkyl or alkenyl or an aryl which is unsubstituted or substituted;
Z is a hydrogen, carboxylic acid, a hydroxy, a phosphato, a
phosphate ester, a sulfonyl, a sulfonate, a sulfate, a branched or
straight-chained polyalkylene oxide, a nitryl, a glyceryl, an aryl
unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-30 alkyl or alkenyl, a
carbohydrate unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-10 alkyl
or alkenyl or an ammonium; G is an anion or cation such as H.sup.+,
Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+, NH.sub.4.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2,
Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-, mesylate or tosylate.
[0071] Examples of the types of siloxane-based surfactants
described herein above may be found in EP-1,043,443A1, EP-1,041,189
and WO-01/34,706 (all to GE Silicones) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,676,705,
U.S. Pat. No. 5,683,977, U.S. Pat. No. 5,683,473, and
EP-1,092,803A1 (all to Lever Brothers).
[0072] Nonlimiting commercially available examples of suitable
siloxane-based surfactants are TSF 4446 (ex. General Electric
Silicones), XS69-B5476 (ex. General Electric Silicones); Jenamine
HSX (ex. DelCon) and Y12147 (ex. OSi Specialties).
[0073] A second preferred class of materials suitable for the
surfactant component is organic in nature. Preferred materials are
organosulfosuccinate surfactants, with carbon chains of from about
6 to about 20 carbon atoms. Most preferred are
organosulfosuccinates containing dialkly chains, each with carbon
chains of from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms. Also preferred are
chains containing aryl or alkyl aryl, substituted or unsubstituted,
branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated groups.
[0074] Nonlimiting commercially available examples of suitable
organosulfosuccinate surfactants are available under the trade
names of Aerosol.RTM. OT and Aerosol.RTM. TR-70 (ex. Cytec).
[0075] The surfactant component, when present in the fabric article
treating compositions of the present invention, preferably
comprises from about 0.01% to about 10%, more preferably from about
0.02% to about 5%, even more preferably from about 0.05% to about
2% by weight of the fabric article treating composition.
[0076] The surfactant component, when present in the consumable
detergent compositions of the present invention, preferably
comprises from about 1% to about 99%, more preferably 2% to about
75%, even more preferably from about 5% to about 60% by weight of
the consumable detergent composition.
Non-Silicone Additive
[0077] The non-silicone additive (i.e., materials do not contain an
Si atom), which preferably comprises a strongly polar and/or
hydrogen-bonding head group, further enhances soil removal by the
compositions of the present invention. Examples of the strongly
polar and/or hydrogen-bonding head group-containing materials
include, but are not limited to alcohols, cationic materials such
as cationic surfactants, quaternary surfactants, quaternary
ammonium salts such as ammonium chlorides (nonlimiting examples of
ammonium chlorides are Arquad materials commercially available from
Akzo Nobel) and cationic fabric softening actives, nonionic
materials such as nonionic surfactants (i.e., alcohol ethoxylates,
polyhydroxy fatty acid amides), gemini surfactants, anionic
surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, carboxylic acids, sulfates,
sulphonates, phosphates, phosphonates, and nitrogen containing
materials. In one embodiment, non-silicone additives comprise
nitrogen containing materials selected from the group consisting of
primary, secondary and tertiary amines, diamines, triamines,
ethoxylated amines, amine oxides, amides and betaines, a
nonlimiting example of a betaines is Schercotaine materials
commercially available from Scher Chemicals and mixtures
thereof.
[0078] In another embodiment embodiment, alkyl chain contains
branching that may help lower the melting point.
[0079] In yet another embodiment, primary alkylamines comprising
from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms are used. Particularly
preferred primary alkylamines are oleylamine (commercially
available from Akzo under the trade name Armeen.RTM. OLD),
dodecylamine (commercially available from Akzo under the trade name
Armeen.RTM. 12D), branched C.sub.16-C.sub.22 alkylamine
(commercially available from Rohm & Haas under the trade name
Primene.RTM. JM-T) and mixtures thereof.
[0080] Suitable cationic materials may include quaternary
surfactants, which maybe quaternary ammonium compounds.
Commercially available agents include Varisoft materials from
Goldschmidt.
[0081] Additional suitable cationic materials may include
conventional fabric softening actives. Nonlimiting examples of
suitable fabric softening actives of the invention comprise a
majority of compounds as follows:
[0082] Diester Quaternary Ammonium Fabric Softening Active Compound
(DEQA)
[0083] (1) The first type of DEQA preferably comprises, as the
principal active, compounds of the formula
{R.sub.4-m-N.sup.+-[(CH.sub.2).sub.n-Y-R.sup.1].sub.m}A.sup.-
wherein each R substituent is either hydrogen, a short chain
C.sub.1-C.sub.6, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
group, e.g., methyl (most preferred), ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl,
and the like, poly (C.sub.2-3alkoxy) preferably polyethoxy group,
benzyl, or mixtures thereof; each m is 2 or 3; each n is from 1 to
about 4; each Y is --O--(O)C--, --C(O)--O--, --NR--C(O)--, or
--C(O)--NR--; the sum of carbons in each R.sup.1, plus one when Y
is --O--(O)C-- or --NR--C(O)--, is C.sub.12-C.sub.22, preferably
C.sub.14-C.sub.20, with each R.sup.1 being a hydrocarbyl, or
substituted hydrocarbyl group, and A.sup.- can be any
softener-compatible anion, preferably, chloride, bromide,
methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, sulfate, and nitrate, more preferably
chloride or methyl sulfate. (As used herein, the "percent of
softening active" containing a given R.sup.1 group is based upon
taking a percentage of the total active based upon the percentage
that the given R.sup.1 group is, of the total R.sup.1 groups
present.)
[0084] (2) A second type of DEQA active has the general formula:
[R.sub.3N.sup.+CH.sub.2CH(YR.sup.1)(CH.sub.2YR.sup.1)]A.sup.-
wherein each Y, R, R.sup.1, and A.sup.- have the same meanings as
before. Such compounds include those having the formula:
[CH.sub.3].sub.3
N.sup.(+)-[CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.2O(O)CR.sup.1)O(O)CR.sup.1]Cl.sup.(-)
where each R is a methyl or ethyl group and preferably each R.sup.1
is in the range of C.sub.15 to C.sub.19.
[0085] (3) The DEQA actives described hereinabove also include the
neutralized amine softening actives wherein at least one R group is
a hydrogen atom. A nonlimiting example of actives of this type is
the chloride salt of (unsaturated alkoyloxyethyl)(unsaturated
alkylamidotrimethylene)methylamine. Other examples of suitable
amine softening actives are disclosed in PCT application WO
99/06509, K. A. Grimm, D. R. Bacon, T. Trinh, E. H. Wahl, and H. B.
Tordil, published on Feb. 11, 1999, said application being
incorporated herein by reference.
[0086] (4) Polyquaternary Ammonium Softening Actives. Fabric
softening actives carrying more than one positive quaternary
ammonium charge are also useful in the rinse-added compositions of
the present invention. An example of this type of softening active
is that having the formula: ##STR1##
[0087] wherein each R is H or a short chain C.sub.1-C.sub.6,
preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, e.g.,
methyl (most preferred), ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like,
benzyl, or (R.sup.2 O).sub.2-4H; each R.sup.1 is a
C.sub.6-C.sub.22, preferably C.sub.14-C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl, or
substituted hydrocarbyl substituent, preferably C.sub.10-C.sub.20
alkyl or alkenyl (unsaturated alkyl, including polyunsaturated
alkyl, also referred to sometimes as "alkylene"), most preferably
C.sub.12-C.sub.18 alkyl or alkenyl; each R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-6
alkylene group, preferably an ethylene group; and A.sup.- are
defined as below. Fabric softening actives having the following
formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is derived from oleic acid is
available from Witco Company.
[0088] (5) Softening active having the formula:
R.sub.4-m-N.sup.(+)-R.sup.1.sub.m A.sup.- wherein each m is 2 or 3,
each R.sup.1 is a C.sub.6-C.sub.22, preferably C.sub.14-C.sub.20,
but no more than one being less than about C.sub.12 and then the
other is at least about 16, hydrocarbyl, or substituted hydrocarbyl
substituent, preferably C.sub.10-C.sub.20 alkyl or alkenyl, most
preferably C.sub.12-C.sub.18 alkyl or alkenyl, and where the Iodine
Value of a fatty acid containing this R.sup.1 group is from 0 to
about 140, more preferably from about 40 to about 130; with a
cis/trans ratio of from about 1:1 to about 50:1, the minimum being
1:1, preferably from about 2:1 to about 40:1, more preferably from
about 3:1 to about 30:1, and even more preferably from about 4:1 to
about 20:1; each R.sup.1 can also be a branched chain
C.sub.14-C.sub.22 alkyl group, preferably a branched chain
C.sub.16-C.sub.18 group; each R is H or a short chain
C.sub.1-C.sub.6, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
group, e.g., methyl (most preferred), ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl,
and the like, benzyl, or (R.sup.2 O).sub.2-4H; and A.sup.- is a
softening active compatible anion, preferably, chloride, bromide,
methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, sulfate, and nitrate, more preferably
chloride and methyl sulfate;
[0089] (6) Softening active having the formula: ##STR3## wherein
each R, R.sup.1, and A.sup.- have the definitions given above; each
R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-6 alkylene group, preferably an ethylene
group; and G is an oxygen atom or an --NR-- group;
[0090] (7) Softening active having the formula: ##STR4## wherein
R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and G are defined as above in (6);
[0091] (8) Reaction products of substantially unsaturated and/or
branched chain higher fatty acids with dialkylenetriamines in,
e.g., a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction products
containing compounds of the formula:
R.sup.1--C(O)--NH--R.sup.2-R.sup.3--NH--C(O)R.sup.1 wherein
R.sup.1, R.sup.2 are defined as above in (6), and each R.sup.3 is a
C.sub.1-6 alkylene group, preferably an ethylene group;
[0092] (9) Softening active having the formula:
[R.sup.1--C(O)--NR--R.sup.2--N(R).sub.2--R.sup.3--NR--C(O)--R.sup.1].sup.-
+ A.sup.- wherein R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and A.sup.- are
defined as above in (6) and (8);
[0093] (10) The reaction product of substantially unsaturated
and/or branched chain higher fatty acid with
hydroxyalkylalkylenediamines in a molecular ratio of about 2:1,
said reaction products containing compounds of the formula:
R.sup.1--C(O)--NH--R.sup.2--N(R.sup.3OH)--C(O)--R.sup.1 wherein
R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are defined as above in (8); and
[0094] (11) Mixtures thereof.
[0095] Examples of Compound (5) are dialkylenedimethylammonium
salts such as dicanoladimethylammonium chloride,
dicanoladimethylammonium methylsulfate, di(partially hydrogenated
soybean, cis/trans ratio of about 4:1)dimethylammonium chloride,
dioleyldimethylammonium chloride. Dioleyldimethylammonium chloride
and di(canola)dimethylammonium chloride are preferred. An example
of commercially available dialkylenedimethylammonium salts usable
in the present invention is dioleyldimethylammonium chloride
available from Witco Corporation under the trade name Adogen.RTM.
472.
[0096] An example of Compound (6) is
1-methyl-1-oleylamidoethyl-2-oleylimidazolinium methylsulfate
wherein R.sup.1 is an acyclic aliphatic C.sub.15-C.sub.17
hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 is an ethylene group, G is a NH group,
R.sup.5 is a methyl group and A.sup.- is a methyl sulfate anion,
available commercially from the Witco Corporation under the trade
name Varisoft.RTM. 3690.
[0097] An example of Compound (7) is
1-oleylamidoethyl-2-oleylimidazoline wherein R.sup.1 is an acyclic
aliphatic C.sub.15-C.sub.17 hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 is an
ethylene group, and G is a NH group.
[0098] An example of Compound (8) is reaction products of oleic
acids with diethylenetriamine in a molecular ratio of about 2:1,
said reaction product mixture containing
N,N''-dioleoyldiethylenetriamine with the formula:
R.sup.1--C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2--NH---
C(O)--R.sup.1 wherein R.sup.1--C(O) is oleoyl group of a
commercially available oleic acid derived from a vegetable or
animal source, such as Emersol.RTM. 223LL or Emersol.RTM. 7021,
available from Henkel Corporation, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are
divalent ethylene groups.
[0099] An example of Compound (9) is a difatty amidoamine based
softening active having the formula:
[R.sup.1--C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2--N(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OH)--CH-
.sub.2CH.sub.2--NH--C(O)--R.sup.1].sup.+CH.sub.3SO.sub.4.sup.-
wherein R.sup.1--C(O) is oleoyl group, available commercially from
the Witco Corporation under the trade name Varisoft.RTM. 222LT.
[0100] An example of Compound (10) is reaction products of oleic
acids with N-2-hydroxyethylethylenediamine in a molecular ratio of
about 2:1, said reaction product mixture containing a compound of
the formula:
R.sup.1--C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2--N(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OH)--C(O)--R.sup.1
wherein R.sup.1--C(O) is oleoyl group of a commercially available
oleic acid derived from a vegetable or animal source, such as
Emersol.RTM. 223LL or Emersol.RTM. 7021, available from Henkel
Corporation.
[0101] The above individual Compounds (actives) can be used
individually or as mixtures.
[0102] One type of optional but highly desirable cationic compound
which can be used in combination with the above softening actives
are compounds containing one long chain acyclic C.sub.8-C.sub.22
hydrocarbon group, selected from the group consisting of:
wherein R.sup.7 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 saturated alkyl or
hydroxyalkyl group, and R.sup.1 and A.sup.- are defined as herein
above;
[0103] (12) Acyclic quaternary ammonium salts having the formula:
[R.sup.1--N(R.sup.5).sub.2--R.sup.6].sup.+ A- wherein R.sup.5 and
R.sup.6 are C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups, and
R.sup.1 and A.sup.- are defined as hereinabove in (9);
[0104] (13) Substituted imidazolinium salts having the formula:
##STR5## wherein R.sup.7 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 saturated
alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, and R.sup.1 and A.sup.- are defined as
hereinabove in (9);
[0105] (14) Substituted imidazolinium salts having the formula:
##STR6## wherein R.sup.5 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
group, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and A.sup.- are as defined above in
(9);
[0106] (15) Alkylpyridinium salts having the formula: ##STR7##
wherein R.sup.4 is an acyclic aliphatic C.sub.8-C.sub.22
hydrocarbon group and A.sup.- is an anion;
[0107] (16) Alkanamide alkylene pyridinium salts having the
formula: ##STR8## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and A.sup.- are defined
as herein above; and
[0108] (17) Monoalkyl diquaternary salts, e.g., that having the
formula: A.sup.-
[R.sup.1-N.sup.(+)(R).sub.2--R.sup.2N.sup.(+)(R).sub.3]A.sup.-
wherein R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and A.sup.- are defined as herein above
in (6) and (9); and
[0109] (18) Mixtures thereof.
[0110] Examples of Compound (12) are the
monoalkenyltrimethylammonium salts such as
monooleyltrimethylammonium chloride, monocanolatrimethylammonium
chloride, and soyatrimethylammonium chloride.
Monooleyltrimethylammonium chloride and monocanolatrimethylammonium
chloride are preferred. Other examples of Compound (12) are
soyatrimethylammonium chloride available from Witco Corporation
under the trade name Adogen.RTM. 415, erucyltrimethylammonium
chloride wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.22 hydrocarbon group derived
from a natural source; soyadimethylethylammonium ethylsulfate
wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.16-C.sub.18 hydrocarbon group, R.sup.5
is a methyl group, R.sup.6 is an ethyl group, and A.sup.- is an
ethylsulfate anion; and methyl bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oleylammonium
chloride wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.18 hydrocarbon group, R.sup.5
is a 2-hydroxyethyl group and R.sup.6 is a methyl group.
[0111] An example of Compound (14) is
1-ethyl-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-isoheptadecylimidazolinium
ethylsulfate wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.17 hydrocarbon group,
R.sup.2 is an ethylene group, R.sup.5 is an ethyl group, and
A.sup.- is an ethylsulfate anion.
[0112] An example of Compound (17) is N-tallow pentamethyl propane
diammonium dichloride, with the formula: Cl.sup.-
[(tallowalkyl)-N.sup.(+)(CH.sub.3).sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2-N.sup.(+)(CH-
.sub.3).sub.3]Cl.sup.- available from Witco Corporation under the
trade name Adogen.RTM. 477.
[0113] In the cationic nitrogenous salts herein, the anion A.sup.-,
which is any softening active compatible anion, provides electrical
neutrality. Most often, the anion used to provide electrical
neutrality in these salts is from a strong acid, especially a
halide, such as chloride, methylsulfate, bromide, or iodide.
However, other anions can be used, such as ethylsulfate, acetate,
formate, sulfate, carbonate, and the like. Chloride and
methylsulfate are preferred herein as anion A.
[0114] Suitable cationic surfactants include, but are not limited
to dialkyldimethylammonium salts having the formula:
R'R''N.sup.+(CH.sub.3).sub.2X.sup.- wherein each R' and R'' is
independently selected from the group consisting of 12-30 C atoms
or derived from tallow, coconut oil or soy, X.dbd.Cl or Br,
Nonlimiting examples include: didodecyldimethylammonium bromide
(DDAB), dihexadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride, dihexadecyldimethyl
ammonium bromide, dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride,
dieicosyldimethyl ammonium chloride, didocosyldimethyl ammonium
chloride, dicoconutdimethyl ammonium chloride, ditallowdimethyl
ammonium bromide (DTAB). Commercially available examples include,
but are not limited to: ADOGEN, ARQUAD, TOMAH, VARIQUAT.
[0115] In one embodiment, the cationic surfactants comprise the
water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds useful in the present
composition having the formula:
R.sub.1R.sub.2R.sub.3R.sub.4N.sup.+X.sup.- wherein R.sub.1 is
C.sub.8-C.sub.16 alkyl, each of R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is
independently C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 hydroxy alkyl,
benzyl, and --(C.sub.2H.sub.40).sub.x H where x has a value from 2
to 5, and X is an anion. Not more than one of R.sub.2, R.sub.3 or
R.sub.4 should be benzyl.
[0116] The typical cationic fabric softening compounds include the
water-insoluble quaternary-ammonium fabric softening actives, the
most commonly used having been di(long alkylchain)dimethylammonium
(C1-C4 alkyl)sulfate or chloride, preferably the methyl sulfate,
compounds including the following: [0117] 1)
di(tallowalkyl)dimethylammonium methyl sulfate (DTDMAMS); [0118] 2)
di(hydrogenated tallowalkyl)dimethylammonium methyl sulfate; [0119]
3) di(hydrogenated tallowalkyl)dimethylammonium chloride (DTDMAC);
[0120] 4) distearyldimethylammonium methyl sulfate; [0121] 5)
dioleyldimethylammonium methyl sulfate; [0122] 6)
dipalmitylhydroxyethylmethylammonium methyl sulfate; [0123] 7)
stearylbenzyldimethylammonium methyl sulfate; [0124] 8)
tallowalkyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate; [0125] 9)
(hydrogenated tallowalkyl)trimethylammonium methyl sulfate; [0126]
10) (C.sub.12-14 alkyl)hydroxyethyldimethylammonium methyl sulfate;
[0127] 11) (C.sub.12-18 alkyl)di(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methyl
sulfate; [0128] 12) di(stearoyloxyethyl)dimethylammonium chloride;
[0129] 13) di(tallowoyloxyethyl)dimethylammonium methyl sulfate;
[0130] 14) ditallowalkylimidazolinium methyl sulfate; [0131] 15)
1-(2-tallowylamidoethyl)-2-tallowylimidazolinium methyl sulfate;
and [0132] 16) mixtures thereof.
[0133] Suitable nonionic surfactants include, but are not limited
to: [0134] a) Polyethylene oxide condensates of nonyl phenol and
myristyl alcohol, such as in U.S. Pat. No. 4,685,930 Kasprzak; and
[0135] b) fatty alcohol ethoxylates, R--(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.aOH
a=1 to 100, typically 12-40, R=hydrocarbon residue 8 to 20 C atoms,
typically linear alkyl. Examples polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, with
4 or 23 oxyethylene groups; polyoxyethylene cetyl ether with 2, 10
or 20 oxyethylene groups; polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, with 2,
10, 20, 21 or 100 oxyethylene groups; polyoxyethylene (2), (10)
oleyl ether, with 2 or 10 oxyethylene groups. Commercially
available examples include, but are not limited to: ALFONIC, BRIJ,
GENAPOL, NEODOL, SURFONIC, TRYCOL.
[0136] Nonlimiting examples of ethoxylated materials, such as
ethoxylated surfactants include compounds having the general
formula: R.sup.8-Z-(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.sB wherein R.sup.8 is an
alkyl group or an alkyl aryl group, selected from the group
consisting of primary, secondary and branched chain alkyl
hydrocarbyl groups, primary, secondary and branched chain alkenyl
hydrocarbyl groups, and/or primary, secondary and branched chain
alkyl- and alkenyl-substituted phenolic hydrocarbyl groups having
from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 8 to
about 18, more preferably from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms; s
is an integer from about 2 to about 45, preferably from about 2 to
about 20, more preferably from about 2 to about 15; B is a
hydrogen, a carboxylate group, or a sulfate group; and linking
group Z is --O--, --C(O)O--, --C(O)N(R)--, or --C(O)N(R)--, and
mixtures thereof, in which R, when present, is R.sup.8 or
hydrogen.
[0137] The nonionic surfactants herein are characterized by an HLB
(hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) of from 5 to 20, preferably from 6
to 15.
[0138] Nonlimiting examples of preferred ethoxylated surfactant
are: [0139] straight-chain, primary alcohol ethoxylates, with
R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.18 alkyl and/or alkenyl group, more
preferably C.sub.10-C.sub.14, and s being from about 2 to about 8,
preferably from about 2 to about 6; [0140] straight-chain,
secondary alcohol ethoxylates, with R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.18
alkyl and/or alkenyl, e.g., 3-hexadecyl, 2-octadecyl, 4-eicosanyl,
and 5-eicosanyl, and s being from about 2 to about 10; [0141] alkyl
phenol ethoxylates wherein the alkyl phenols having an alkyl or
alkenyl group containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms in a primary,
secondary or branched chain configuration, preferably from 6 to 12
carbon atoms, and s is from about 2 to about 12, preferably from
about 2 to about 8; [0142] branched chain alcohol ethoxylates,
wherein branched chain primary and secondary alcohols (or Guerbet
alcohols) which are available, e.g., from the well-known "OXO"
process or modification thereof are ethoxylated.
[0143] Especially preferred are alkyl ethoxylate surfactants with
each R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.16 straight chain and/or branch
chain alkyl and the number of ethyleneoxy groups s being from about
2 to about 6, preferably from about 2 to about 4, more preferably
with R.sup.8 being C.sub.8-C.sub.15 alkyl and s being from about
2.25 to about 3.5. These nonionic surfactants are characterized by
an HLB of from 6 to about 11, preferably from about 6.5 to about
9.5, and more preferably from about 7 to about 9. Nonlimiting
examples of commercially available preferred surfactants are
Neodol.RTM. 91-2.5 (C.sub.9-C.sub.10, s=2.7, HLB=8.5), Neodol.RTM.
23-3 (C.sub.12-C.sub.13, s=2.9, HLB=7.9) and Neodol.RTM. 25-3
(C.sub.12-C.sub.15, s=2.8, HLB=7.5.
[0144] Further nonlimiting examples include nonionic surfactants
selected from the group consisting of fatty acid (C.sub.12-18)
esters of ethoxylated (EO.sub.5-100) sorbitans. More preferably
said surfactant is selected from the group consisting of mixtures
of laurate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides; mixtures of
stearate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides; and mixtures
of oleate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides. Even more
preferably said surfactant is selected from the group consisting of
Polysorbate 20, which is a mixture of laurate esters of sorbitol
and sorbitol anhydrides consisting predominantly of the monoester,
condensed with about 20 moles of ethylene oxide; Polysorbate 60
which is a mixture of stearate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol
anhydride, consisting predominantly of the monoester, condensed
with about 20 moles of ethylene oxide; Polysorbate 80 which is a
mixture of oleate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides,
consisting predominantly of the monoester, condensed with about 20
moles of ethylene oxide; and mixtures thereof. Most preferably,
said surfactant is Polysorbate 60.
[0145] Other examples of ethoxylated surfactant include
carboxylated alcohol ethoxylate, also known as ether carboxylate,
with R.sup.8 having from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms and s
being from about 5 to about 13; ethoxylated quaternary ammonium
surfactants, such as PEG-5 cocomonium methosulfate, PEG-15
cocomonium chloride, PEG-15 oleammonium chloride and
bis(polyethoxyethanol)tallow ammonium chloride.
[0146] Other suitable nonionic ethoxylated surfactants are
ethoxylated alkyl amines derived from the condensation of ethylene
oxide with hydrophobic alkyl amines, with R.sup.8 having from about
8 to about 22 carbon atoms and s being from about 3 to about
30.
[0147] Also suitable nonionic ethoxylated surfactants for use
herein are alkylpolysaccharides which are disclosed in U.S. Pat.
No. 4,565,647, Llenado, issued Jan. 21, 1986, having a hydrophobic
group containing from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably
from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide, e.g.,
a polyglycoside, hydrophilic group containing from about 1.3 to
about 10, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3, most preferably
from about 1.3 to about 2.7 saccharide units. Any reducing
saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms can be used, e.g.,
glucose, galactose and galactosyl moieties can be substituted for
the glucosyl moieties. The intersaccharide bonds can be, e.g.,
between the one position of the additional saccharide units and the
2-, 3-, 4-, and/or 6-positions on the preceding saccharide units.
The preferred alkylpolyglycosides have the formula
R.sup.2O(C.sub.nH.sub.2nO).sub.t(glycosyl).sub.x wherein R.sup.2 is
selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl,
hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which the
alkyl groups contain from 10 to 18, preferably from 12 to 14,
carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3,
most preferably from about 1.3 to about 2.7. The glycosyl is
preferably derived from glucose.
[0148] In one embodiment, the nonionic surfactants comprise
polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants of the formula:
R.sup.2--C(O)--N(R.sup.1)-Z, wherein R.sup.1 is H, or R.sup.1 is
C.sub.1-4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl or a
mixture thereof, R.sup.2 is C.sub.5-31 hydrocarbyl, and Z is a
polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at
least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an
alkoxylated derivative thereof. Preferably, R.sup.1 is methyl,
R.sup.2 is a straight C.sub.11-15 alkyl or C.sub.16-18 alkyl or
alkenyl chain such as coconut alkyl or mixtures thereof, and Z is
derived from a reducing sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose,
lactose, in a reductive amination reaction.
[0149] In one embodiment, the anionic surfactants include alkyl
alkoxylated sulfate surfactants hereof are water soluble salts or
acids of the formula RO(A).sub.mSO3M wherein R is an unsubstituted
C.sub.10-C.sub.24 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having a
C.sub.10-C.sub.24 alkyl component, preferably a C.sub.12-C.sub.20
alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, more preferably C.sub.12-C.sub.18 alkyl or
hydroxyalkyl, A is an ethoxy or propoxy unit, m is greater than
zero, typically between about 0.5 and about 6, more preferably
between about 0.5 and about 3, and M is H or a cation which can be,
for example, a metal cation (e.g., sodium, potassium, lithium,
calcium, magnesium, etc.), ammonium or substituted-ammonium cation.
Alkyl ethoxylated sulfates as well as alkyl propoxylated sulfates
are contemplated herein.
[0150] These and other surfactants suitable for use in combination
with the lipophilic fluid as adjuncts are well known in the art,
being described in more detail in Kirk Othmer's Encyclopedia of
Chemical Technology, 3rd Ed., Vol. 22, pp. 360-379, "Surfactants
and Detersive Systems", incorporated by reference herein. Further
suitable nonionic detergent surfactants are generally disclosed in
U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678, Laughlin et al., issued Dec. 30, 1975, at
column 13, line 14 through column 16, line 6, incorporated herein
by reference.
[0151] The non-silicone additive, when present in the fabric
article treating compositions of the present invention, preferably
comprises from about 0.01% to about 10%, more preferably from about
0.02% to about 5%, even more preferably from about 0.05% to about
2% by weight of the fabric article treating composition.
[0152] The non-silicone additive, when present in the consumable
detergent compositions of the present invention, preferably
comprises from about 1% to about 90%, more preferably from about 2%
to about 75%, even more preferably from about 5% to about 60% by
weight of the consumable detergent composition.
[0153] In one embodiment, the surfactant component comprises a
non-silicone additive.
[0154] In another embodiment, the surfactant component does not
comprise a non-silicone additive.
Polar Solvent
[0155] Compositions according to the present invention may further
comprise a polar solvent. Non-limiting examples of polar solvents
include: water, alcohols, glycols, polyglycols, ethers, carbonates,
dibasic esters, ketones, other oxygenated solvents, and mixtures
thereof. Further examples of alcohols include: C1-C126 alcohols,
such as propanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc . . . , benzyl
alcohol, and diols such as 1,2-hexanediol. The Dowanol.RTM. series
by Dow Chemical are examples of glycols and polyglycols useful in
the present invention, such as Dowanol.RTM. TPM, TPnP, DPnB, DPnP,
TPnB, PPh, DPM, DPMA, DB, and others. Further examples include
propylene glycol, butylene glycol, polybutylene glycol and more
hydrophobic glycols. Examples of carbonate solvents are ethylene,
propylene and butylene carbonantes such as those available under
the Jeffsol.RTM. tradename. Polar solvents for the present
invention can be further identified through their dispersive
(.delta..sub.D), polar (.delta..sub.P) and hydrogen bonding
(.delta..sub.H) Hansen solubility parameters. Preferred polar
solvents or polar solvent mixtures have fractional polar (f.sub.P)
and fractional hydrogen bonding (f.sub.H) values of f.sub.P>0.02
and f.sub.H>0.10, where
f.sub.P=.delta..sub.P/(.delta..sub.D+.delta..sub.P.delta..sub.H)
and
f.sub.H=.delta..sub.H/(.delta..sub.D+.delta..sub.P+.delta..sub.H),
more preferably f.sub.P>0.05 and f.sub.H>0.20, and most
preferably f.sub.P>0.07 and f.sub.H>0.30.
[0156] In the detergent composition of the present invention, the
levels of polar solvent can be from about 0 to about 70%,
preferably 1 to 50%, even more preferably 1 to 30% by weight of the
detergent composition.
[0157] Water, when present in the wash fluid fabric article
treating compositions of the present invention, the wash fluid
composition may comprise from about 0.001% to about 10%, more
preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, even more preferably from
about 0.01% to about 1% by weight of the wash fluid fabric article
treating composition.
[0158] Water, when present in the detergent compositions of the
present invention, preferably comprises from about 1% to about 90%,
more preferably from about 2% to about 75%, even more preferably
from about 5% to about 40% by weight of the consumable detergent
composition.
Processing Aids
[0159] Optionally, the compositions of the present invention may
further comprise processing aids. Processing aids facilitate the
formation of the fabric article treating compositions of the
present invention, by maintaining the fluidity and/or homogeneity
of the consumable detergent composition, and/or aiding in the
dilution process. Processing aids suitable for the present
invention are solvents, preferably solvents other than those
described above, hydrotropes, and/or surfactants, preferably
surfactants other than those described above with respect to the
surfactant component. Particularly preferred processing aids are
protic solvents such as aliphatic alcohols, diols, triols, etc. and
nonionic surfactants such as ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
[0160] Processing aids, when present in the fabric article treating
compositions of the present invention, preferably comprise from
about 0.02% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about
10%, even more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of
the fabric article treating composition.
[0161] Processing aids, when present in the consumable detergent
compositions of the present invention, preferably comprise from
about 1% to about 75%, more preferably from about 5% to about 50%
by weight of the consumable detergent composition.
Cleaning Adjuncts
[0162] The compositions of the present invention may optionally
further comprise one or more cleaning adjuncts. The optional
cleaning adjuncts can vary widely and can be used at widely ranging
levels. For example, detersive enzymes such as proteases, amylases,
cellulases, lipases and the like as well as bleach catalysts
including the macrocyclic types having manganese or similar
transition metals all useful in laundry and cleaning products can
be used herein at very low, or less commonly, higher levels.
Cleaning adjuncts that are catalytic, for example enzymes, can be
used in "forward" or "reverse" modes, a discovery independently
useful from the fabric treating methods of the present invention.
For example, a lipolase or other hydrolase may be used, optionally
in the presence of alcohols as cleaning adjuncts, to convert fatty
acids to esters, thereby increasing their solubility in the
lipophilic fluid. This is a "reverse" operation, in contrast with
the normal use of this hydrolase in water to convert a less
water-soluble fatty ester to a more water-soluble material. In any
event, any cleaning adjunct must be suitable for use in combination
with a lipophilic fluid in accordance with the present
invention.
[0163] Some suitable cleaning adjuncts include, but are not limited
to, builders, surfactants, other than those described above with
respect to the surfactant component, enzymes, bleach activators,
bleach catalysts, bleach boosters, bleaches, alkalinity sources,
antibacterial agents, colorants, perfumes, pro-perfumes, finishing
aids, lime soap dispersants, odor control agents, odor
neutralizers, polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents, crystal
growth inhibitors, photobleaches, heavy metal ion sequestrants,
anti-tarnishing agents, anti-microbial agents, anti-oxidants,
anti-redeposition agents, soil release polymers, electrolytes, pH
modifiers, thickeners, abrasives, divalent or trivalent ions, metal
ion salts, enzyme stabilizers, corrosion inhibitors, polyamines
and/or their alkoxylates, suds stabilizing polymers, solvents,
process aids, fabric softening agents, optical brighteners,
hydrotropes, suds or foam suppressors, suds or foam boosters and
mixtures thereof.
[0164] Suitable odor control agents, which may optionally be used
as finishing agents, include agents include, cyclodextrins, odor
neutralizers, odor blockers and mixtures thereof. Suitable odor
neutralizers include aldehydes, flavanoids, metallic salts,
water-soluble polymers, zeolites, activated carbon and mixtures
thereof.
[0165] Perfumes and perfumery ingredients useful in the
compositions of the present invention comprise a wide variety of
natural and synthetic chemical ingredients, including, but not
limited to, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and the like. Also included
are various natural extracts and essences which can comprise
complex mixtures of ingredients, such as orange oil, lemon oil,
rose extract, lavender, musk, patchouli, balsamic essence,
sandalwood oil, pine oil, cedar, and the like. Finished perfumes
may comprise extremely complex mixtures of such ingredients.
Pro-perfumes are also useful in the present invention. Such
materials are those precursors or mixtures thereof capable of
chemically reacting, e.g., by hydrolysis, to release a perfume, and
are described in patents and/or published patent applications to
Procter and Gamble, Firmenich, Givaudan and others.
[0166] Bleaches, especially oxygen bleaches, are another type of
cleaning adjunct suitable for use in the compositions of the
present invention. This is especially the case for the activated
and catalyzed forms with such bleach activators as
nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate and/or any of its linear or branched
higher or lower homologs, and/or tetraacetylethylenediamine and/or
any of its derivatives or derivatives of
phthaloylimidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP) or other imido- or
amido-substituted bleach activators including the lactam types, or
more generally any mixture of hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic bleach
activators (especially acyl derivatives including those of the
C.sub.6-C.sub.16 substituted oxybenzenesulfonates).
[0167] Also suitable are organic or inorganic peracids both
including PAP and other than PAP. Suitable organic or inorganic
peracids for use herein include, but are not limited to:
percarboxylic acids and salts; percarbonic acids and salts;
perimidic acids and salts; peroxymonosulfuric acids and salts;
persulphates such as monopersulfate; peroxyacids such as
diperoxydodecandioic acid (DPDA); magnesium peroxyphthalic acid;
perlauric acid; perbenzoic and alkylperbenzoic acids; and mixtures
thereof.
[0168] One class of suitable organic peroxycarboxylic acids has the
general formula: ##STR9## wherein R is an alkylene or substituted
alkylene group containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms or a
phenylene or substituted phenylene group, and Y is hydrogen,
halogen, alkyl, aryl, --C(O)OH or --C(O)OOH.
[0169] Particularly preferred peracid compounds are those having
the formula: ##STR10## wherein R is C.sub.1-4 alkyl and n is an
integer of from 1 to 5. A particularly preferred peracid has the
formula where R is CH.sub.2 and n is 5 i.e., phthaloylamino peroxy
caproic acid (PAP) as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,487,818,
5,310,934, 5,246,620, 5,279,757 and 5,132,431. PAP is available
from Ausimont SpA under the tradename Euroco.RTM..
[0170] Other cleaning adjuncts suitable for use in the compositions
of the present invention include, but are not limited to, builders
including the insoluble types such as zeolites including zeolites
A, P and the so-called maximum aluminum P as well as the soluble
types such as the phosphates and polyphosphates, any of the
hydrous, water-soluble or water-insoluble silicates,
2,2'-oxydisuccinates, tartrate succinates, glycolates, NTA and many
other ethercarboxylates or citrates; chelants including EDTA,
S,S'-EDDS, DTPA and phosphonates; water-soluble polymers,
copolymers and terpolymers; soil release polymers; optical
brighteners; processing aids such as crisping agents and/fillers;
anti-redeposition agents; hydrotropes, such as sodium, or calcium
cumene sulfonate, potassium napthalenesulfonate, or the like,
humectant; other perfumes or pro-perfumes; dyes; photobleaches;
thickeners; simple salts; alkalis such as those based on sodium or
potassium including the hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates and
sulfates and the like; and combinations of one or more of these
cleaning adjuncts.
[0171] Suitable finishing aids include, but are not limited to,
finishing polymers; such as synthetic or natural polyacrylates or
starch carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,
odor control agents, odor neutralizers, perfumes, properfumes,
antistatic agents, fabric softeners, insect and/or moth repelling
agents and mixtures thereof.
[0172] The finishing polymers can be natural, or synthetic, and can
act by forming a film, and/or by providing adhesive properties to
adhere the finishing polymers to the fabrics. By way of example,
the compositions of the present invention can optionally use
film-forming and/or adhesive polymer to impart shape retention to
fabric, particularly clothing. By "adhesive" it is meant that when
applied as a solution or a dispersion to a fiber surface and dried,
the polymer can attach to the surface. The polymer can form a film
on the surface, or when residing between two fibers and in contact
with the two fibers, it can bond the two fibers together.
[0173] Nonlimiting examples of finishing polymers that are
commercially available are: polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl
methacrylate copolymer, such as Copolymer 958.RTM., molecular
weight of about 100,000 and Copolymer 937.RTM., molecular weight of
about 1,000,000, available from GAF Chemicals Corporation; adipic
acid/dimethylaminohydroxypropyl diethylenetriamine copolymer, such
as Cartaretin F-4.RTM. and F-23, available from Sandoz Chemicals
Corporation; methacryloyl ethyl betaine/methacrylates copolymer,
such as Diaformer Z-SM.RTM., available from Mitsubishi Chemicals
Corporation; polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resin, such as Vinex
2019.RTM., available from Air Products and Chemicals or
Moweol.RTM., available from Clariant; adipic acid/epoxypropyl
diethylenetriamine copolymer, such as Delsette 101.RTM., available
from Hercules Incorporated; polyamine resins, such as Cypro
515.RTM., available from Cytec Industries; polyquaternary amine
resins, such as Kymene 557H.RTM., available from Hercules
Incorporated; and polyvinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid, such as
Sokalan EG 310.RTM., available from BASF.
[0174] The cleaning adjunct may also be an antistatic agent. Any
suitable well-known antistatic agents used in conventional
laundering and dry cleaning are suitable for use in the
compositions and methods of the present invention. Especially
suitable as antistatic agents are the subset of fabric softeners
which are known to provide antistatic benefits. For example those
fabric softeners that have a fatty acyl group which has an iodine
value of above 20, such as N,N-di(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl)-N,N-dimethyl
ammonium methylsulfate. However, it is to be understood that the
term antistatic agent is not to be limited to just this subset of
fabric softeners and includes all antistatic agents.
[0175] Preferred insect and moth repellent cleaning adjuncts useful
in the compositions of the present invention are perfume
ingredients, such as citronellol, citronellal, citral, linalool,
cedar extract, geranium oil, sandalwood oil,
2-(diethylphenoxy)ethanol, 1-dodecene, etc. Other examples of
insect and/or moth repellents useful in the compositions of the
present invention are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,449,987;
4,693,890; 4,696,676; 4,933,371; 5,030,660; 5,196,200; and in
"Semio Activity of Flavor and Fragrance Molecules on Various Insect
Species", B. D. Mookherjee et al., published in Bioactive Volatile
Compounds from Plants, ACS Symposium Series 525, R. Teranishi, R.
G. Buttery, and H. Sugisawa, 1993, pp. 35-48, all of said patents
and publications being incorporated herein by reference.
Examples of Fabric Article Treating Compositions
[0176] The following are non-limiting examples of fabric article
treating compositions in accordance with the present invention.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 A B C D E F Lipophilic To 100% To 100% To
100% To 100% To 100% To 100% Fluid Surfactant 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1%
10% 5% Component(s) Non-silicone 0.4% 0.15% 0.2% 0.2% 5% 1%
Additive(s) Polar -- -- 5% 0.325% 0.6% 0.28% Solvent(s)
Examples of Consumable Detergent Compositions
[0177] The following are nonlimiting examples of consumable
detergent compositions in accordance with the present invention:
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 A B C D E F Surfactant 33% 82% 50% 16% 35%
15% Component(s) Non-silicone 67% 5% 50% 32% 32% 33% Additive(s)
Polar -- Balance -- Balance Balance Balance Solvent(s)
Treated Fabric Article
[0178] A fabric article that has been treated in accordance a
method of the present invention is also within the scope of the
present invention. Preferably such a treated fabric article
comprises an analytically detectable amount of at least one
compound (e.g., an organosilicone) having a surface energy
modifying effect but no antistatic effect; or an analytically
detectable amount of at least one compound having a surface energy
modifying and/or feel-modifying and/or comfort-modifying and/or
aesthetic effect and at least one antistatic agent other than said
at least one compound.
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