U.S. patent application number 11/389773 was filed with the patent office on 2006-10-12 for apparatuses for retrofitting exercise equipment and methods for using same.
This patent application is currently assigned to Tylertone International Inc.. Invention is credited to Omer Einav.
Application Number | 20060229164 11/389773 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 37083817 |
Filed Date | 2006-10-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060229164 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Einav; Omer |
October 12, 2006 |
Apparatuses for retrofitting exercise equipment and methods for
using same
Abstract
An exercise apparatus, comprising: a resistance element,
operative to supply a resistance to movement by a user of the
apparatus; and, an actuator module operatively connected to the
resistance element and operative to vary a resistance perceived by
the user without changing the resistance element.
Inventors: |
Einav; Omer; (Emek-Hefer,
IL) |
Correspondence
Address: |
WOLF, BLOCK, SCHORR & SOLIS-COHEN LLP
250 PARK AVENUE
NEW YORK
NY
10177
US
|
Assignee: |
Tylertone International
Inc.
Tortola
VG
|
Family ID: |
37083817 |
Appl. No.: |
11/389773 |
Filed: |
March 27, 2006 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60665886 |
Mar 28, 2005 |
|
|
|
60666136 |
Mar 29, 2005 |
|
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
482/9 ;
482/4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 21/00 20130101;
A63B 21/00181 20130101; A63B 2225/30 20130101; A63B 2225/15
20130101; A63B 2220/833 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
482/009 ;
482/004 |
International
Class: |
A63B 24/00 20060101
A63B024/00; A63B 71/00 20060101 A63B071/00 |
Claims
1. An exercise apparatus, comprising: a resistance element,
operative to supply a resistance to movement by a user of said
apparatus; and, an actuator module operatively connected to said
resistance element and operative to vary a resistance perceived by
said user without changing the resistance element.
2. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said
resistance element is a weight.
3. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said
resistance is transferred to said user via a transfer element and
wherein said actuator module acts on said transfer element to vary
the perceived resistance.
4. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 3 wherein said
actuator module is in series with said transfer element.
5. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said
actuator module acts directly on said resistance element.
6. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 1 further
comprising a control device adapted to issue operation commands to
said actuator module.
7. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 6 further
comprising at least one sensor wherein said at least one sensor
provides data to said control device for analysis regarding
operation commands to be given to said actuator module.
8. An exercise apparatus, comprising: a resistance element,
operative to supply a resistance to movement by a user of said
apparatus; at least one sensor, wherein said at least one sensor is
added to said apparatus after-market and wherein said at least one
sensor measures parameters associated with said apparatus or said
user; and, a control device, wherein said control device added to
said apparatus after-market, is in communication with said at least
one sensor, and wherein parameters are received from said at least
one sensor for analysis by said control device.
9. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 8 further
comprising an actuator module, said actuator module added to said
apparatus after-market and wherein said actuator module is
connected to said resistance element and operative to vary a
resistance perceived by said user without changing the resistance
element.
10. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 9 wherein at
least one sensor provides parameters to said control device for
analysis regarding operation commands to be given to said actuator
module.
11. An exercise apparatus, comprising: a resistance element,
operative to supply a resistance to movement by a user of said
apparatus; an actuator module operatively connected to said
resistance element and operative to vary a resistance perceived by
said user without changing the resistance element; and, a control
device, wherein said control device is added to said apparatus
after-market, is in communication with said actuator module, and
wherein said control device issues commands to said actuator module
to act on said resistance upon indication of an unsafe
situation.
12. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 11 further
comprising at least one sensor, wherein said at least one sensor
measures parameters associated with said apparatus and said user
and communicates said parameters to said control device for
analysis pertaining to an unsafe situation.
13. An exercise apparatus, comprising: at least one sensor, wherein
said at least one sensor measures parameters associated with said
apparatus; an enhanced environment control device, wherein said
device relates said parameters to a program contained on said
device and produces an output integrating said parameters and said
program; and, a display, wherein said display is in communication
with said device and displays said output to a user of said
apparatus.
14. An exercise apparatus in accordance with claim 13, further
comprising an intermediate device positioned between said enhanced
environment control device and said display, but which still
provides communication between said enhanced environment control
device and said display.
15. A method of after-market retrofitting an exercise apparatus,
comprising at least a resistance element, operative to supply a
resistance to movement by a user of said apparatus, comprising:
adding at least one sensor, wherein said at least one sensor is
added to said apparatus and wherein said at least one sensor
measures parameters associated with said apparatus or said user;
and, adding a control device, wherein said control device added to
said apparatus, is in communication with said at least one sensor,
and wherein parameters are received from said at least one sensor
for analysis by said control device.
16. A method in accordance with claim 15, wherein said retrofitting
further comprises adding an actuator module.
17. A method in accordance with claim 15, wherein said retrofitting
further comprises adding an environment enhancer control
device.
18. A method of after-market retrofitting an exercise apparatus,
comprising at least a resistance element, operative to supply a
resistance to movement by a user of said apparatus, comprising:
adding an actuator module operatively connected to said resistance
element and operative to vary a resistance perceived by said user
without changing the resistance element; and, adding a control
device, wherein said control device is added to said apparatus
after-market, is in communication with said actuator module, and
wherein said control device issues commands to said actuator module
to act on said resistance upon indication of an unsafe
situation.
19. A method in accordance with claim 18, wherein said retrofitting
further comprises adding at least one sensor for measuring
parameters associated with said apparatus.
20. A method in accordance with claim 18, wherein said retrofitting
further comprises adding an environment enhancer control device.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional
applications 60/665,886 filed on Mar. 28, 2005 and 60/666,136 filed
on Mar. 29, 2005, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein
by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to adapting previously
manufactured exercise equipment to enhance its utility and/or
security and/or provide additional modes of operation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Modern technology has allowed the advancement of exercise
equipment to include information such things as heart monitors,
distance traveled, speed, average speed, etc. and devices for
providing such information. However, exercise equipment in use
today does not take full advantage of the technology available. In
some cases, the exercise equipment is old and the technology was
not well adapted for use with exercise equipment and/or was too
expensive. In other cases, the manufacturers of the exercise
equipment did not conceive of altering the time-tested designs
being currently used. Unfortunately, not many options exist for
retrofitting exercise equipment with modern technology devices.
[0004] Furthermore, while these conventional designs might be well
suited for use with the majority of the population, they do not
usually provide accommodation for the elderly, the disabled, and/or
those who are rehabilitating after some sort of injury. Especially
in the case of the elderly, demographic statistics tend to indicate
that demand will be high for exercise equipment which is adapted
for use by that population segment.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to
retrofitting exercise equipment to provide an intermediary between
a user and the resistance provided to the user by the
equipment.
[0006] In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, at least a
partial coupling/decoupling between a user and the resistance
provided to the user by the equipment is provided. Optionally,
retrofit modules are provided to exercise equipment which assist a
user in moving or otherwise overcoming the resistance. In some
embodiments, retrofit modules are provided which act additionally
and/or alternatively to the resistance provided by the equipment.
Optionally, the modules vary the amount of assistance and/or
resistance throughout the course of exercise. Optionally, an
actuator module is added to a cable on exercise equipment for
providing pulling or pushing motion on the cable.
[0007] In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, an actuator
is added to a joint on exercise equipment for at least partially
stimulating opening and/or closing of the joint. Optionally, an
actuator module is provided along a shaft in order to provide
rotational motion, optionally either clockwise and/or
counterclockwise, about the long axis of the shaft. In some
exemplary embodiments of the invention, the equipment is provided
with an actuator capable of moving in parallel with or
alternatively to the resistance as it is moved by a user.
Optionally, a controller, such as a computer, is provided to
coordinate movement of various elements of the equipment during
exercise.
[0008] An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to
retrofitting an exercise equipment to provide a user with feedback
during and/or after exercise. In some exemplary embodiments of the
invention, a computer interface is added to the exercise equipment.
Optionally, sensors are added to the equipment and, additionally or
alternatively, to the user of the equipment. Optionally, software
is provided to control the equipment and for monitoring and/or
recording performance of the equipment and/or the user.
[0009] An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to
retrofitting exercise equipment to provide safety features not
previously incorporated into the equipment. Optionally, retrofit
modules are provided which are capable of locking the equipment in
place to prevent injury to the user. Optionally, retrofit modules
are provided which are capable of releasing on demand the
resistance applied to a user of the equipment.
[0010] An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to a
method for retrofitting exercise equipment to provide enhanced
functionality. Optionally, equipment is retrofitted for providing
specific safety features. Optionally, equipment is retrofitted for
providing desired feedback capabilities. In some embodiments of the
invention, a retrofit module is selected for its compatibility with
the manner in which the equipment operates.
[0011] An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to
retrofitting exercise equipment to provide an environment which is
adapted to enhance a user's exercise experience. In some exemplary
embodiments of the invention, exercise equipment is retrofitted
with a computer interface and software which is adapted to
integrate exercise with visual and/or audio stimuli. In some
exemplary embodiment the exercise equipment is retrofitted with
visual and/or audio aids that support and or address cognitive
difficulties as may be experienced by a post stoke patient.
Optionally, a kit is provided which allows software output to be
displayed on a monitor, such as a television. Optionally, a virtual
reality experience is provided to the user. In some embodiments of
the invention, the software provides video and/or audio stimuli to
the user which is designed to enhance exercise performance.
[0012] There is thus provided an exercise apparatus, comprising a
resistance element, operative to supply a resistance to movement by
a user of the apparatus; and, an actuator module operatively
connected to the resistance element and operative to vary a
resistance perceived by the user without changing the resistance
element. Optionally, the resistance element is a weight.
Optionally, the resistance is transferred to the user via a
transfer element and wherein the actuator module acts on the
transfer element to vary the perceived resistance. Optionally, the
actuator module is in series with the transfer element. Optionally,
the actuator module acts directly on the resistance element.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a control device
adapted to issue operation commands to the actuator module.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises at least one sensor
wherein the at least one sensor provides data to the control device
for analysis regarding operation commands to be given to the
actuator module.
[0013] There is thus provided an exercise apparatus, comprising a
resistance element, operative to supply a resistance to movement by
a user of the apparatus; at least one sensor, wherein the at least
one sensor is added to the apparatus after-market and wherein the
at least one sensor measures parameters associated with the
apparatus or said user; and, a control device, wherein the control
device added to the apparatus after-market, is in communication
with the at least one sensor, and wherein parameters are received
from the at least one sensor for analysis by the control device.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprise an actuator module, the
actuator module added to the apparatus after-market and wherein the
actuator module is connected to the resistance element and
operative to vary a resistance perceived by the user without
changing the resistance element. Optionally, at least one sensor
provides parameters to the control device for analysis regarding
operation commands to be given to the actuator module.
[0014] There is thus provided an exercise apparatus, comprising a
resistance element, operative to supply a resistance to movement by
a user of the apparatus; an actuator module operatively connected
to the resistance element and operative to vary a resistance
perceived by the user without changing the resistance element; and,
a control device, wherein the control device is added to the
apparatus after-market, is in communication with the actuator
module, and wherein the control device issues commands to the
actuator module to act on the resistance upon indication of an
unsafe situation. Optionally, the apparatus further comprises at
least one sensor, wherein the at least one sensor measures
parameters associated with the apparatus and the user and
communicates the parameters to the control device for analysis
pertaining to an unsafe situation.
[0015] There is thus provided an exercise apparatus, comprising at
least one sensor, wherein the at least one sensor measures
parameters associated with the apparatus; an enhanced environment
control device, wherein the device relates the parameters to a
program contained on the device and produces an output integrating
the parameters and the program; and, a display, wherein the display
is in communication with the device and displays the output to a
user of the apparatus. Optionally, the apparatus further comprises
an intermediate device positioned between the enhanced environment
control device and the display, but which still provides
communication between the enhanced environment control device and
the display.
[0016] There is thus provided a method of after-market retrofitting
an exercise apparatus, comprising at least a resistance element,
operative to supply a resistance to movement by a user of the
apparatus, comprising adding at least one sensor, wherein the at
least one sensor is added to the apparatus and wherein the at least
one sensor measures parameters associated with the apparatus or the
user; and, adding a control device, wherein the control device
added to the apparatus, is in communication with the at least one
sensor, and wherein parameters are received from the at least one
sensor for analysis by the control device. Optionally, the method
further comprises adding an actuator module. Optionally, the method
further comprises adding an environment enhancer control
device.
[0017] There is thus provided a method of after-market retrofitting
an exercise apparatus, at least a resistance element, operative to
supply a resistance to movement by a user of the apparatus,
comprising adding an actuator module operatively connected to the
resistance element and operative to vary a resistance perceived by
the user without changing the resistance element; and, adding a
control device, wherein the control device is added to the
apparatus after-market, is in communication with the actuator
module, and wherein the control device issues commands to the
actuator module to act on the resistance upon indication of an
unsafe situation. Optionally, the method further comprises adding
at least one sensor for measuring parameters associated with the
apparatus. Optionally, the method further comprises adding an
environment enhancer control device.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0018] Non-limiting embodiments of the invention will be described
with reference to the following description of exemplary
embodiments, in conjunction with the figures. The figures are
generally not shown to scale and any sizes are only meant to be
exemplary and not necessarily limiting. In the figures, identical
structures, elements or parts that appear in more than one figure
are preferably labeled with a same or similar number in all the
figures in which they appear, in which:
[0019] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a retrofitted exercise
equipment system, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the
invention;
[0020] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary push/pull
cable actuator for providing a coupling/decoupling between exercise
equipment resistance and a user, in accordance with an exemplary
embodiment of the invention;
[0021] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary actuator
for providing a shaft driven coupling/decoupling between exercise
equipment resistance and a user, in accordance with an exemplary
embodiment of the invention;
[0022] FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary actuator
for providing a joint-based coupling/decoupling between exercise
equipment resistance and a user, in accordance with an exemplary
embodiment of the invention;
[0023] FIG. 5 is schematic illustration of an exemplary actuator
for providing a parallel support coupling/decoupling between
exercise equipment resistance and a user, in accordance with an
exemplary embodiment of the invention;
[0024] FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary actuator
for providing a shaft assisted coupling/decoupling between exercise
equipment resistance and a user, in accordance with an exemplary
embodiment of the invention;
[0025] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary actuator
for providing a clutch assisted coupling/decoupling between
exercise equipment resistance and a user, in accordance with an
exemplary embodiment of the invention;
[0026] FIG. 8 is a flowchart describing a method of retrofitting an
exercise machine, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the
invention; and,
[0027] FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a retrofit setup box
system, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
Exemplary Overall System
[0028] Referring now to FIG. 1, a schematic of a retrofitted
exercise equipment embodiment 100 is shown, in accordance with an
exemplary embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that
retrofitting occurs after original equipment manufacture and
typically after the product has been offered for sale to the
public. Hence, such retrofits are often described as "after-market"
add-ons. It should also be noted, that in some exemplary
embodiments of the invention, features described herein are
incorporated into exercise equipment during original
manufacture.
[0029] Exercise equipment 102, in this case a pull-over machine, is
provided for exemplary purposes only. It should be understood that
virtually any exercise equipment could be a candidate for
retrofitting using the embodiments and principles of retrofitting
described herein. In the exemplary embodiment of the invention
shown in FIG. 1, exercise equipment 102 is retrofitted with an
actuator module 104. For this example, this actuator module 104 is
designed to exert pushing and/or pulling on a cable 106 which
attaches a resistance 108 (weights are shown), in this case
weights, provided by equipment 102 to an exercising user. While a
cable push/pulling actuator is shown, any of the actuator modules
suggested or described herein can be used to retrofit exercise
equipment 102 in order to provide enhanced utility and/or security.
Details regarding an embodiment of the cable push/pull actuator are
described more fully in the context of FIG. 2 below. In the
illustrated exemplary embodiment, a control device 110 is in
operative communication with module 104. Optionally, the control
device 110 is a computer.
[0030] Control device 110 uses software loaded thereon to control
the actions imparted to exercise equipment 102 by actuator module
104. For example, control device 110 can direct actuator module 104
to assist the user with exerting force on the resistance.
Alternatively, control device 110 can command actuator module 104
to impart more resistance to the user than is provided by
resistance 108. In some embodiments of the invention an actuator
such as actuator 104 allows for the provision of resistance amounts
intermediate to set amounts provided by resistance 108. Optionally,
the actuator module does not add or subtract resistance imparted to
the user, allowing for the equipment to be used in a conventional
operative mode. In some embodiments of the invention, actuator
module 104 is used in lieu of resistance 108, equipment 102
optionally not provided with resistance at all.
[0031] Control device 110 is optionally connected to one or more
sensors 112 located on exercise equipment 102. In an exemplary
embodiment of the invention, sensors 112 are used to monitor the
movement of the various components of equipment 102. Sensors 112
are optionally wirelessly connected to control device 110.
Equipment 102 is optionally retrofitted with at least one sensor
and/or an array of sensors in order to measure various parameters
about equipment 102. For example, sensors can be used to measure
the position of components of equipment 102. Optionally, sensors
measure force, direction of movement, tension, acceleration, angle
of rotation, speed and/or other parameters of components of
equipment 102.
[0032] In some embodiments of the invention, sensors are located on
the user of equipment 102. The sensors located on the user are
optionally used to measure performance of the user. Optionally, the
user's exercise performance and physiological response to exercise
is monitored using sensors. Using the data collected from equipment
102 and the user, performance profiles and exercise regimens can be
generated for example. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention,
sensor measurements taken of equipment are related to sensor
measurements taken of the user. Such comparison could indicate poor
form during exercise, for example. Optionally, such a comparison
correlates level of exerted effort from the user with particular
movements or positions of equipment 102. These aspects of the
invention are described more fully in the "Feedback" section
below.
[0033] In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, control
device 110 also provides safety features to equipment 102 through
actuator module 104. One such example is an emergency release of
the resistance imparted by equipment 102 against a user of the
equipment 102. In another exemplary embodiment of the invention,
actuator module 104 locks resistance 108 in place, such that it no
longer applies resistance to the user. These aspects of the
invention are described more fully in the "Safety" section
below.
[0034] It should be noted that many of the components described
herein are retrofitted onto conventional exercise equipment. In
some exemplary embodiments of the invention, actuator module 104,
control device 110, and sensors 112 are components which are
retrofitted onto exercise equipment 102. Optionally, the retrofit
components are offered individually and/or jointly in kits
assembled to retrofit specific models of exercise equipment.
Optionally, different combinations of retrofit components are
offered in kits depending on the object of the retrofit and the
needs of the user.
[0035] In some embodiments of the invention, additional user
supports, such as arm rests, are retrofitted to the equipment.
Optionally, stimulators are added to exercise equipment to assist
in guiding user motion (e.g., by nudging a limb to remind it to
move) or for other uses, for example pain control or therapies.
Optionally, equipment 102 is retrofitted to provide massage
capability and/or vibration treatment. Supports optionally include
pneumatic or other cushions.
[0036] In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, control
device 110 provides cognitive exercising, for example using a
display and/or virtual reality system and user inputs, such as one
or more input devices (e.g., a mouse, joystick or keyboard) and a
voice input.
[0037] Exercise equipment 100 is optionally retrofitted to include
one or more tools to assist in socialization of the user. In one
example, equipment 102 optionally is retrofitted to include a
built-in telephone system. In another example, equipment 102 is
retrofitted to include at least one camera, which can be used for
video conferencing. In another example, a speaker (e.g., located in
a head rest) is added to amplify ambient sound instead of using a
hearing-aid by user. Alternatively, the speaker provides music to
the user of equipment 102.
[0038] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, convenience is
provided by retrofitted equipment 102 supporting daily activities
so that the user does not need to get up, forget or avoid doing
important activities. For example, equipment 102 can be retrofitted
to include a pillbox for dispensing medication, a food dispenser
for dispensing snacks (in particular candy for diabetics), a remote
control for one or more home entertainment systems and a link to
smart home functions, for example remote closing of doors and
activation of alarm systems. Automatic dispensing of medication may
include, for example, a reminder, a sensor to detect if medication
was taken and/or a query to the user regarding was the medication
taken and/or did it have side effects.
[0039] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, one or more
environmental sensors are retrofitted onto the equipment, for
example, to detect fire, smoke, a draft, heat and/or cold. If a
problem is detected, someone may be alerted.
[0040] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a smart card
reader (e.g., contact or contact-less) is used to ensure that the
person using the equipment 102 is known. For example, various
parameters may be tailored to an individual and using them for
another individual may cause problems. This feature can be utilized
for home use by a couple sharing the same equipment (but keeping
different daily routines) or at a facility for multiple users.
[0041] In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, retrofit
embodiment 100 is used for fitness inducing exercise. Optionally,
retrofit embodiment 100 is used for rehabilitation. Optionally,
retrofit embodiment 100 is used for exercising the elderly.
Optionally, retrofit embodiment 100 is used for rehabilitation
and/or exercise of at least partially disabled people. Optionally,
retrofit embodiment 100 is used for training of cognitive and motor
skill coordination tasks
Exemplary Embodiments of Retrofit Apparatuses
[0042] Various exemplary embodiments of the invention are described
herein. It should be noted that features which are described in
association with particular embodiments and exercise equipment are
not restricted to use only with those embodiments and equipment.
Moreover, some of the features and/or constructions are considered
novel even when used in originally manufactured equipment and not
only in retrofitting.
[0043] FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a retrofit actuator module 204
in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The actuator
module 204 is located on a cable 206 which operationally connects a
resistance 208 (weight) to the user of equipment 202 through a pair
of handle bars 214. In this exemplary embodiment, actuator module
204 pushes and/or pulls on cable 206 depending on the needs of the
user and in response to commands from a control device 210.
Optionally, actuator module 204 can release resistance 208 imparted
to the user in the event of emergency, or for any reason the user
wants to stop exercising. Optionally, sensors (not pictured) are
located on equipment 202 and/or the user of the machine in order to
monitor performance and position.
[0044] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a user
exercising on equipment 202 exerts force against resistance 208
provided by the equipment. Typically, resistance 208 is incremented
in convenient partitions, for example, 10 kg, 15 kg, 20 kg and so
on. However, sometimes even the lowest increment is too much for
the person exercising on the equipment. This is especially true in
the case of the elderly, the disabled, and those who have been
injured and are exercising for rehabilitation. In an exemplary
embodiment of the invention, control device 210 commands actuator
module 204 to provide only a desired portion of the force up to 10
kg, or the first increment of resistance 208 provided by equipment
202. In this example, resistance 208 provided by the equipment 202
stays on the ground but as the user pulls on the cable 206 to
commence exercise, actuator module 204 spools additional cable out
with a desired level of resistance that is less than the resistance
of the first partition (in this example 10 kg). Optionally, an
additional pulley wheel (not pictured) is provided in order to
increase the possible length that can be traveled by the cable 206.
Optionally, a tension sensor is incorporated onto cable 206. In
some embodiments of the invention, actuator module 204 can raise
and/or lower itself on cable 206 in relation to resistance 208.
[0045] Optionally, actuator module 204 can be attached to the frame
of exercise equipment 202. In such an exemplary embodiment of the
invention, an increment of resistance between two values provided
by resistance 208 can be optionally provided. In such an
embodiment, actuator module 204 relies on the resistance provided
by equipment 202 but adds a difference in tension to cable 206 (in
the direction of the user) up to the desired resistance, which is
only a fraction of the difference between the values provided by
resistance 208.
[0046] Using the above mentioned supplied resistance values as
examples, 13 kg would be a fractional resistance as it falls
between 10 kg and 15 kg. To provide a 13 kg resistance, resistance
208 would be set to 10 kg and controller 210 would instruct
actuator 204 to add tension to cable 206 that is equivalent to 3 kg
of resistance 208. Alternatively, resistance 208 could be set to 20
kg and actuator 204 could reduce the tension by 7 kg, for example,
using the method described above.
[0047] In addition to being able to provide fractional resistances,
actuator module 204 can be instructed to assist the user with
exerting force against resistance 208. This would be useful to help
a user overcoming a "sticking point" for example. Optionally,
actuator module 204 can provide variable force either in assistance
or against the user, depending on the needs and desires of the
user. An additional benefit of attaching actuator module 204 to
frame of the equipment 202 would be that as a safety feature,
actuator module 204 can clamp down on cable 206 in the event that
resistance 208 needs to be lifted from the user. Alternatively,
actuator 204 can release the weight of resistance 208, by letting
cable out of a reserve, in a controlled manner. These aspects of
the invention are described more fully in the "Safety" section
below.
[0048] Turning now to FIG. 3, an embodiment 300 is shown which
retrofits a motor driven shaft to add and/or subtract resistance
imparted to a user of exercise equipment 302. In an exemplary
embodiment of the invention, an actuator module 304, such as a
motor, is provided which is operationally attached to a shaft 306
which is located at a point of rotation of the equipment 302. As
shown in FIG. 3, movement of a weight resistance 308 is effectuated
by force being applied to a pair of arms 310. In an exemplary
embodiment of the invention, actuator module 304 is capable of
providing resistance additionally or alternatively to the
resistance provided by resistance 308. Optionally, actuator module
304 assists a user in exerting force against the resistance.
Optionally, the amount of assistance and/or resistance provided by
actuator module 304 is varied over the course of exercise.
Optionally, the actuator module 304 allows a fraction of a
partition of resistance, such as described with respect to FIG. 2,
to be used in exercise. In some embodiments of the invention,
actuator module 304 neither assists nor provides resistance
allowing the equipment to be operated in a conventional mode (for
example, by a user who does not need/desire assistance and/or
resistance by the actuator). In such an exemplary embodiment of the
invention, a convenient switch can be provided, on equipment 302
for example, which disables assistance/resistance of actuator
module 304 allowing for normal operation. Such a feature is
optionally used with any of the embodiments described or suggested
herein.
[0049] For example, in the case of a user who cannot successfully
move the lowest increment of resistance 308 provided by the
machine, actuator module 304 can be used alternatively to the
equipment's resistance to supply resistance to the user. In such an
exemplary embodiment, control device commands actuator module 304
to provide only a desired portion of the force up to 10 kg, or the
first increment of resistance 308 provided by equipment 302. In
this example, resistance 308 provided by the equipment 302 stays on
the ground but as the user pulls on the arms 310 to commence
exercise, actuator module 304 spools additional cable out with a
desired level of resistance that is less than the resistance of the
first partition (in this example 10 kg).
[0050] Optionally, actuator module 304 is used to assist the user
in moving resistance 308, which without the assistance the user
would not have been able to move it. If, in an exemplary embodiment
of the invention, a user has chosen to exercise with 10 kg of
resistance, but can only exert 6 kg of force on the resistance, the
actuator module 304 can supplement the user's force with slightly
greater than 4 kg, allowing for exercise movement of the
resistance. As described herein, sensors located on equipment 302
and the user can provide the data necessary for the supplemental
force determination to be made by control device. In some
embodiments of the invention, actuator module 304 is used to
provide variable assistance and/or resistance to the user. For
example, actuator module 304 could assist the user at the beginning
of the exercise, to get things moving, then taper off assistance
thereafter. Optionally, actuator module 304 provides both
assistance and resistance to the user at different times during the
same exercise.
[0051] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, safety is
enhanced by providing the shaft-based retrofit of FIG. 3. Using the
ability of actuator module 304 to control disposition of the arms
310, actuator module 304 can alleviate the resistance imparted to
the user by equipment 302 at any time. Additionally or
alternatively, the placement of arms 310 can be locked by actuator
module 304. These aspects of the invention are described more fully
in the "Safety" section below.
[0052] As with other exemplary embodiments described herein, the
actual machine portrayed in FIG. 3 by way of example only, the
shaft-based retrofit capable of being used to enhance any exercise
equipment which relies on an axis of rotation to provide exercise.
Optionally, the equipment and/or user are provided with sensors
(not pictured), as described below in the "Feedback" section.
[0053] FIG. 4 illustrates a retrofit embodiment 400 wherein an
exercise equipment 402 is retrofitted with an actuator module 404
optionally located at the crux of a joint of the exercise equipment
402. Being located at the crux of the joint, actuator module 404 is
afforded an advantageous location for exercising force on certain
moving parts of equipment 402. In an exemplary embodiment of the
invention, actuator module 404 is mechanical. Optionally, actuator
module 404 is hydraulic. Optionally, actuator module 404 is
pneumatic. Optionally, actuator module 404 is a ball-screw
mechanism. Optionally, actuator module 404 is a jack-style
mechanism. Command of the actuator module 404 is optionally
provided by a control device 410, the control device having
functions similar to those described for devices 110, 210 and 310,
in the other embodiments described above and control devices
mentioned in the following embodiments. In an exemplary embodiment
of the invention, actuator module 404 is capable of assisting the
user in lifting a resistance 408 provided by equipment 402 by
exerting force upwards on a lever arm 412 of equipment 402.
Optionally, actuator module 404 increases the resistance offered by
equipment 402 by pulling lever arm 412 down towards the base of
equipment 402. Optionally, actuator module 404 provides varied
resistance and/or assistance during the course of exercise.
Optionally, the equipment and/or user are provided with sensors
(not pictured), as described below in the "Feedback" section.
Safety can be provided to equipment 402 by retrofitting actuator
module 404 as it has the ability to lock lever arm 412 in place and
prevent it from moving or alternatively move it to a safe harbor
position. These aspects of the invention are described more fully
in the "Safety" section below.
[0054] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a linear
actuator is used to provide actuation of a linear joint (e.g. a
rowing machine where the chair moves on a track). In other
exemplary embodiments of the invention, a chain and a sprocket are
used to provide a rotary actuation. It should be appreciated that
various actuating devices can be used as known in the art, these
are optionally controlled by a controlling device and are
optionally are fitted with various sensors.
[0055] Referring now to FIG. 5, a retrofit embodiment 500 is shown
which moves in parallel with the natural motion of an exercise
equipment 502 caused by exercise activity of a user. It should be
noted that this embodiment is also by way of example only.
Depending on the exercise equipment, the retrofit components used
in order to parallel the motion of the equipment will vary.
Furthermore, this is but one example of how to provide a retrofit
module which parallels motion of the exercise equipment.
[0056] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a mirror image
track 514 is provided behind an original track 512 along which a
resistance 508 travels, in response to motion by a cable 506.
Located on mirror image track 514 is an actuator module 504 which
travels up and down on mirror image track 514 moving in parallel
with or alternatively to resistance 508 as it is moved by a user
during exercise. Resistance 508 and actuator module 504 are
mechanically connected. Optionally, actuator can provide a
resistance to its movement along mirror image track 514 and/or can
provide some lift, if it is motorized. Optionally, actuator module
504 assists the user in moving resistance 508 in order to
compensate for the slight additional resistance created by
attachment of module 504 to resistance 508, thereby allowing the
user to exercise as normal.
[0057] As with others of the embodiments described herein, actuator
module 504 can assist the user with applying force to resistance
508, by applying a set upward force on resistance 508 or can act as
resistance additionally or alternatively to the equipment's
resistance 508, by pushing down on resistance 508. It can also be
set, as described above not to influence exercise at all.
Optionally, actuator module 504 varies its assistance and/or
resistance applied to the user throughout the course of exercise.
Actuator module 504 is optionally connected to a control device
510. Optionally, the equipment and/or user are provided with
sensors (not pictured), as described below in the "Feedback"
section. Safety can be provided to equipment 502 by retrofitting
actuator module 504 as actuator module 504 has the ability to lock
the resistance in place and prevent it from moving or move it to a
safe harbor location. These aspects of the invention are described
more fully in the "Safety" section below.
[0058] An illustration of an exemplary retrofit embodiment is
depicted in FIG. 6. Rather than showing the entire exercise
equipment, FIG. 6 portrays a cable 606 which operationally connects
the user to a resistance 608 provided by the equipment. Located at
an intermediate location between the user, located at a terminus of
cable in the direction of the arrow, and resistance 608 is a spool
604 of cable which is in turn operationally connected to an
actuator module 602 via a shaft. Actuator module 602 operates
similarly to the shaft-based actuator module 304 depicted in FIG.
3, in that it can impart a variety of motion on spool 604, and
therefore to cable 606 and eventually the user. For example,
actuator module 602 can reel cable 606 in the direction of the user
providing the user with assistance in lifting resistance 608. In
the alternative, actuator module 602 can reel cable 606 away from
the user thereby imparting additional resistance to the user.
[0059] Optionally, cable 606 is a chain and spool 604 is provided
with teeth which interdigitate with slots located on the chain. In
such a manner, the control of slippage between cable 606 and spool
604 can be enhanced. Optionally, cable 606 is provided with at
least one sensor 622 which can, for example, measure tension on
cable 606. Sensor 622 optionally assists with slack detection and
correction of the tension value in the cable 606, by providing
feedback to actuator 602 or a control device 610. In some
embodiments of the invention, cable 606 is provided with an
additional pulley wheel 620, increasing the effective length of
travel of cable 606, and providing more flexibility with the
positioning of the various components of the equipment and
retrofit. Optionally, at least one sensor 614 is located on the
shaft to detect rotational speed of the shaft. Optionally, control
device 610 is connected to actuator module 602 and/or sensors.
Safety can be provided since actuator module 602 has the ability to
lock the resistance in place and prevent it from moving or to move
it to a safe harbor location in a controlled manner. These aspects
of the invention are described more fully in the "Safety" section
below.
[0060] FIG. 7 is an illustration of an exemplary embodiment 700
which provides a clutch 704 located at an intermediate position on
a cable 706 between a resistance 708 provided by an exercise
equipment and a user, located at a terminus of cable 706 in the
direction of the arrow. Operationally attached to clutch 704 is an
actuator module 702 which is optionally adapted to provide motion
to the clutch 704 so that the clutch is capable of movement up and
down cable 706. Optionally, clutch 704 moves correspondingly to the
cable 706 as cable moves. Optionally, clutch 704 does not move. In
some exemplary embodiments of the invention, actuator module 702 is
connected to a control device 710. In an exemplary embodiment of
the invention, actuator module 702 is rotary (as shown).
Optionally, actuator module 702 is linear. Control device 710 is
capable of performing at least the functions described herein with
respect to control devices of the other embodiments.
[0061] Clutch 704 is adapted to releasably affix to cable 706.
Affixation can optionally occur via grippers, for example or by
friction. Optionally, affixation is accomplished using
electromagnetism, such as through attracting magnets positioned
opposite one another with cable 706 in between. Optionally,
calipers are used to affix clutch 704 to cable 706. In some
embodiments of the invention, the clutch is partially closed such
that transit of cable 706 through clutch 704 is not halted, but
impeded via friction. Such impedance increases the resistance
experienced by the user of the equipment during exercise.
Alternatively, clutch 704 is affixed to cable 706 and the cable is
imparted with motion either towards or away from the user by
actuator module 702. In some embodiments of the invention, the
clutch is provided with at least one sensor. Various data is
optionally collected by the sensor, for example on speed of the
cable. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, tension is
measured by adding a sensor to the cable, as in FIG. 6. As with
other embodiments, safety is enhanced by providing the clutch with
the ability to stop motion of cable 706, move cable 706 to a safe
harbor position or release resistance 708 completely. Through the
partially closed operation of clutch 704, resistance 708 can also
be lowered at varied and/or variable speeds, including free fall
and/or a highly controlled speed. These aspects of the invention
are described more fully in the "Safety" section below. Optionally,
the cable is provided with an extra pulley wheel (not shown) in
order to increase the possible distance of travel for cable
706.
Retrofitting Exercise Equipment
[0062] The various embodiments of retrofitting apparatuses
described herein are described as add-ons to previously
manufactured exercise equipment, although at least some could
advantageously be part of original equipment. FIG. 8 shows a
flowchart 800 describing a method of retrofitting an exercise
machine, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the
invention. At 810, optionally at least one possible retrofit option
is identified. For example, if the exercise equipment has a joint,
an actuator module such as described in the context of FIG. 4 is
optionally a candidate for use. In an exemplary embodiment of the
invention, exercise equipment which includes rotation about an axis
could optionally be retrofitted with an embodiment such as
described in FIG. 3. Optionally, exercise equipment is retrofitted
with any of the exemplary retrofit embodiments described or
suggested herein. Optionally, exercise equipment is retrofitted
with more than one retrofit embodiment. At 820, specific retrofit
options are optionally chosen based on various criteria including
the demographics of the users, the possible types of motion which
are desired, safety features offered by the particular retrofit,
feedback options offered by the retrofit, cost, available space in
the area of operation, etc. Optionally, more than one retrofit
option is selected.
[0063] At 830, the selected retrofit options are added to the
exercise equipment. As described herein, there are a variety of
retrofit embodiments, many of which are attached to exercise
equipment using variety of techniques. Using the embodiment
depicted in FIG. 4, a joint is identified where the retrofit is to
be added. The retrofit is then mounted, using screws or bolts, for
example, between the two arms on either side of the joint in order
to provide enhanced features to the exercise equipment. Optionally,
the retrofit is mounted by welding it onto the exercise equipment.
Taking another example, the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2 relies on
adding a component onto the cable. In an exemplary embodiment of
the invention, the component is added to the cable by taking the
cable off of the equipment and threading the component onto the
cable. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the cable is
cut and each loose end is attached to the component which is
positioned between the two severed ends of the cable.
[0064] Retrofitting exercise equipment for use with an embodiment
such as depicted in FIG. 3 optionally involves removing the shaft
around which motion is conducted and replacing it with a longer
shaft which is adapted to be received and controlled by an actuator
module. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the retrofit
of FIG. 5 (parallel motion retrofit) is accomplished by providing
additional structure to the equipment which allows parallel motion
of an actuator capable of imparting movement to the resistance of
the equipment. In the case of FIG. 5, a retrofit would optionally
involve providing the mirror image track for the actuator module
and connecting the resistance to the actuator module. Other
retrofits, such as depicted in FIG. 6 benefit from the optional
replacement of the original cable with a longer cable. Some
exemplary embodiments, such as depicted in FIG. 7 do not require
any special modifications to the exercise equipment.
[0065] At 840, at least an actuator module of the retrofit is
optionally connected to a control device. Connection can optionally
be wireless. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the
actuator module is provided with a data transfer port which is
adapted to receive an operative connection from at least the
control device. At 850, sensors are optionally added to the
exercise equipment and connected to the control device. In an
exemplary embodiment of the invention, sensors are also provided,
optionally connected to the control device, and ready for placement
on a user of the equipment. At 860, an optional exercise
environment enhancer is connected to the control device in order to
synchronize the environment enhancement with the equipment. The
exercise environment enhancement is described below in the
"Enhanced Environment Control Retrofit" section below.
Feedback
[0066] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, sensors are
provided to collect data on various aspects of exercise optionally
including motion of the equipment and user and physiological status
of the user. Sensors optionally measure one or more parameters of
equipment and/or user motion, for example, position, speed, force,
tremor, synchronization and other parameters. Sensors are
optionally located at any position on the equipment and/or user
depending on what parameters are desired to be measured.
[0067] Data collected from the sensors is optionally processed
and/or stored by a control device. In some embodiments of the
invention, the control device is connected to a communications
network, such as the Internet, for transmission and reception of
data. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, collected data
is analyzed in order to evaluate the exercise performance of the
user. Graphical and/or audio and/or video feedback can be given to
the user during exercise. Analysis by the control device is
optionally used to modify a user's exercise program and/or to move
various retrofit modules and/or provide other feedback to the
user.
[0068] Sensors used to measure equipment parameters generate data
which is optionally analyzed and acted upon by the control device.
A variety of types of sensors and/or arrays of sensors are
optionally used to identify position, speed, force, direction,
angle of rotation, acceleration, tension and other such parameters.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, analysis of such data
prompts the control device to issue commands to retrofit modules,
such as described herein, in order to enhance the exercise regimen
of the user. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, feedback
data enables the maintenance of optionally pre-set force/tension
equipment values.
[0069] In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, sensors are
used to measure and optionally provide control to limit the range
of motion for a user of the equipment, or to limit force and or
speed experienced by the user.
Safety
[0070] An aspect of some exemplary embodiments of the invention is
to provide enhanced safety to retrofitted exercise equipment. As
can be understood from the description of some exemplary
embodiments herein, retrofit modules are added to exercise
equipment which provide enhanced safety functionality of the
equipment. In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, retrofit
modules are provided which lock the equipment, preventing motion of
certain moving parts.
[0071] In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, retrofit
modules are provided which enable the safe, quick release of the
resistance being provided by the equipment to the user. For
example, there are occasions where the user starts to fade in
exerting force against the resistance of the equipment, however due
to the position of the hands or parts of the equipment, it would be
unsafe to simply let go (e.g. part of the equipment could strike
the user with extreme force due to the resistance being released
suddenly). In such a case, the retrofit module, which is located
between the resistance (it can also provide cushioning that can
prevent fracture due to abrupt motion, for example) and the user
releases the resistance such that the resistance assumes an at rest
condition, while maintaining the positioning of the parts of the
equipment in relation to the user.
[0072] Optionally, the retrofit module is adapted to move the
exercise equipment such that potentially threatening components of
the equipment will be positioned in a safe harbor location,
allowing the user to safely stop exercise and/or exit the
equipment. Optionally, the retrofit module is adapted to move the
exercise equipment such that potentially threatening components of
the equipment gradually transition to an at rest position.
[0073] The various safety modes described herein are optionally
triggered by any number of stimuli. In an exemplary embodiment of
the invention, a safety mode is implemented upon an audible cue,
such as a scream or voice command. Optionally, a button or trigger
is provided to the user such that when activated, the control
device activates a safety mode for the equipment. In an exemplary
embodiment of the invention, a safety mode is automatically
triggered based on analysis of data gathered by the sensors.
Optionally, the control device performs the automatic
triggering.
Enhanced Environment Control Retrofit
[0074] FIG. 9 is a schematic of an enhanced environment retrofit
embodiment 900, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the
invention. Shown in FIG. 9 is an exercise equipment 902, in this
example a treadmill. It should be understood that with all the
embodiments of retrofit modules described herein, illustration of
use with a particular piece of exercise equipment is by way of
example only. Optionally retrofitted to equipment 902 is an
enhanced environment control device 910. In some exemplary
embodiments of the invention, sensors are attached to equipment 902
in order to gather data, as described above. In this example,
sensors 912, 914 are optionally used to gauge the "velocity" of the
user of the treadmill by tracking the speed of the treadmill belt.
Optionally, control device 910 is connected to sensors already
provided by the equipment. Optionally, control device 910 is
interfaced with the equipment electronics which itself gathers data
from sensors located on equipment 902. Control device 910 is in
turn operationally connected to a display device 916 whereby
movement or motion on the exercise equipment 902 translates to a
perceived change in position on display 916. Optionally, control
device 910 is connected to display device 916 through an
intermediate device, such as a set-top cable box or a VCR.
Optionally, display device 916 is positioned on the user's head,
for example with a helmet or projection-screen glasses. Optionally,
the display is virtual reality based.
[0075] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, usage of an
enhanced environment retrofit with exercise equipment allows the
combination of both motor and cognitive exercise. Furthermore, the
provision of attractive scenery, games, or the like is likely to
increase user compliance with an exercise regimen.
[0076] The following provisional and PCT applications, the
disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference, describe
devices and/or methods that may be used in conjunction with
embodiments of the present invention.
[0077] U.S. provisional application No. 60/604,615 filed on Aug.
25, 2004 describes taking the effects of brain plasticity into
account. The methods described herein may use EEG or MRI as an
input for deciding, for example, on feedback or type of device mode
to use.
[0078] A PCT application titled "Methods and Apparatus for
Rehabilitation and Training", serial number PCT/IL2005/000142,
describes devices and methods which may be used for
rehabilitation.
[0079] A PCT application titled "Methods and Apparatuses for
Rehabilitation Exercise and Training" serial number
PCT/IL2005/000136, describes chair based rehabilitation and balance
rehabilitation.
[0080] A PCT application titled "Gait Rehabilitation Methods and
Apparatuses", serial number PCT/IL2005/000138, describes
rehabilitation of gait, in parts and in total.
[0081] A PCT application titled "Rehabilitation with Music", serial
number PCT/IL2005/000137, describes using music as a feedback
and/or to guide rehabilitation.
[0082] A PCT application titled "Neuromuscular Stimulation", serial
number PCT/IL2005/000135, describes stimulating a paretic limb
while moving the limb or otherwise supporting the motion of the
limb. EMG measurements, for example of healthy limbs are optionally
used as part of the teaching of the present application for
deciding on stimulation and/or supported motion of a paretic
limb.
[0083] A PCT application titled "Fine Motor Control
Rehabilitation", serial number PCT/IL2005/000139, describes
rehabilitation of fine motor control and using a robotic arm as an
assistant in daily living, for example, to help feeding.
[0084] It should be noted that the rehabilitation devices described
herein are optionally usable not only at a home but also at care
centers, such as old age homes, hospitals and rehabilitation
centers.
[0085] It will be appreciated that the above described apparatuses
for retrofitting may be varied in many ways, including, omitting or
adding steps, changing the order of steps and the types of devices
used. In addition, a multiplicity of various features, both of
method and of apparatuses have been described. In some embodiments
mainly methods are described, however, also apparatus adapted for
performing the methods are considered to be within the scope of the
invention. It should be appreciated that different features may be
combined in different ways. In particular, not all the features
shown above in a particular embodiment are necessary in every
similar embodiment of the invention. Further, combinations of the
above features are also considered to be within the scope of some
embodiments of the invention.
[0086] Also within the scope of the invention are kits which
include sets of a device, one or more sensors, one or more
attachments and/or software. Also, within the scope is hardware,
software and computer readable-media including such software which
is used for carrying out and/or guiding the steps described herein,
such as control of resistance position and providing feedback.
Section headings are provided for assistance in navigation and
should not be considered as necessarily limiting the contents of
the section. When used in the following claims, the terms
"comprises", "includes", "have" and their conjugates mean
"including but not limited to". It should also be noted that the
device is suitable for both males and female, with male pronouns
being used for convenience.
[0087] It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that
the present invention is not limited by what has thus far been
described. Rather, the scope of the present invention is limited
only by the following claims.
* * * * *