U.S. patent application number 11/096841 was filed with the patent office on 2006-10-12 for graphical method and system for model vehicle and accessory control.
This patent application is currently assigned to LIONEL L.L.C.. Invention is credited to Martin Pierson.
Application Number | 20060226298 11/096841 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 37082302 |
Filed Date | 2006-10-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060226298 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Pierson; Martin |
October 12, 2006 |
Graphical method and system for model vehicle and accessory
control
Abstract
A system and method for model vehicle and accessory control
makes use of a graphical display screen and graphical user
interface to provide a command interface for user input. The system
and method may be used of control of model trains and other modeled
objects. Images representing model objects under control are
displayed on the display screen. Using a pointing device, a user
performs pointing actions with respect to the graphical images. The
pointing actions are interpreted as commands by a processor, which
determines an appropriate command or transmission pathway to
achieve a commanded result by. The processor may also cause the
image to change in response to user input or changes in the state
of a model vehicle, or may provide alternative images in response
to selection actions. Numerous model objects may be controlled
using a single command interface.
Inventors: |
Pierson; Martin; (Howell,
MI) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BRIAN M BERLINER, ESQ;O'MELVENY & MYERS, LLP
400 SOUTH HOPE STREET
LOS ANGELES
CA
90071-2899
US
|
Assignee: |
LIONEL L.L.C.
|
Family ID: |
37082302 |
Appl. No.: |
11/096841 |
Filed: |
March 30, 2005 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
246/1R |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63H 19/24 20130101;
A63H 30/04 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
246/001.00R |
International
Class: |
A63H 19/24 20060101
A63H019/24 |
Claims
1. A system for generating commands for controlling model vehicles
and accessories, the system comprising: a graphical display screen;
a processor operatively associated with the display screen and with
a memory, the memory holding program instructions; and a graphical
pointing device operatively associated with the processor, wherein
the program instructions are configured to cause a graphical
display to be displayed on the display screen, to receive input
from the graphical pointing device, and to determine an intended
user command for a model object selected from a model vehicle and a
model vehicle accessory, based on a value of the input and a state
of the graphical display.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the graphical pointing device
comprises a touchscreen disposed over the graphical display
screen.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor, the display screen
and the graphical pointing device comprise an integrated control
unit.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the integrated control unit
comprises a handheld-size unit.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the integrated control unit
comprises a general-purpose computer.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a communication link
operatively associated with the processor and configured for
communicating commands for transmittal to the model object, the
model object selected from a model train and a model train
accessory.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the communication link comprises
a wireless link.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the wireless link comprises a
link to a wireless receiver disposed with the model object.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the wireless link comprises a
link to a wireless receiver disposed with a base station, the base
station configured for retransmitting to a wireless receiver
disposed with the model object.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the program instructions are
further configured to display an image of a model object available
for control.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the program instructions are
further configured to cause the image of the model object to change
in response to user input from the graphical pointing device.
12. The system of claim 10, wherein the program instructions are
further configured to cause the image of the model object to change
in response to state information received from the model
object.
13. The system of claim 1, further comprising a communication link
operatively associated with the processor and configured for
receiving information from the model object, the model object
selected from a model train and a model train accessory.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the communication link
comprises a wireless link.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the wireless link comprises a
link between a wireless transmitter disposed with the model object
and a wireless receiver operatively connected to the processor.
16. The system of claim 1, wherein the program instructions are
further configured to display an image of a model track layout.
17. The system of claim 1, wherein the program instructions are
further configured to identify model objects within range of a
system transmitter that use a compliant protocol for control.
18. A model train system, comprising: a model track; a model train
comprising a model locomotive adapted to operate on the model
track; a transmitter configured to transmit information to the
model locomotive; and a control unit comprising a graphical display
screen, a processor operatively associated with the display screen
and with a memory, the memory holding program instructions, and a
graphical pointing device operatively associated with the
processor, wherein the program instructions are configured to cause
a graphical display to be displayed on the display screen, to
receive input from the graphical pointing device, and to determine
an intended user command for the model train from a value of the
input and a state of the graphical display.
19. The system of claim 18, wherein the control unit comprises a
handheld-size unit.
20. The system of claim 18, further comprising a communication link
operatively associated with the processor and configured for
communicating commands for transmittal to the model train.
21. The system of claim 20, wherein the communication link
comprises a wireless link to a wireless receiver disposed with the
model train.
22. The system of claim 20, wherein the communication link
comprises a link to a wireless receiver disposed with a base
station, the base station configured for retransmitting to a
wireless receiver disposed with the model train.
23. The system of claim 18, wherein the program instructions are
further configured to display an image of a model train available
for control.
24. The system of claim 23, wherein the program instructions are
further configured to cause the image of the model train to change
in response to user input from the graphical pointing device.
25. The system of claim 23, wherein the program instructions are
further configured to cause the image of the model train to change
in response to state information received from the model
object.
26. A method for providing a control interface for a model vehicle,
comprising: causing a graphical display to be displayed on a
display screen; receiving input from a graphical pointing device;
determining an intended user command for a model object from the
input and a state of the graphical display when the input is
received, wherein the model object is selected from a model vehicle
and a model vehicle accessory.
27. The method of claim 26, further comprising transmitting the
intended user command to the model object, the model object
selected from a model train and a model train accessory.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein the transmitting step further
comprises translating the intended user command to a compliant
protocol.
29. The method of claim 28, further comprising selecting the
compliant protocol from a plurality of protocols based on a
determined property of the model object.
30. The method of claim 27, further comprising selecting a
transmission pathway determined by a receiver property of the model
object.
31. The method of claim 26, wherein the receiving step further
comprises receiving the input from a pointing device selected from
a touchscreen, a touchpad, a mouse, a trackball and a button.
32. The method of claim 26, wherein the causing step further
comprises causing an image of a model vehicle to be displayed on
the display screen.
33. The method of claim 26, wherein the causing step further
comprises causing an image of a model vehicle accessory to be
displayed on the display screen.
34. The method of claim 26, wherein the causing step further
comprises causing an image of a model track layout to be displayed
on the display screen.
35. The method of claim 26, wherein the causing step further
comprises causing images of a plurality of model objects to appear
together on the display screen.
36. The method of claim 35, further comprising causing an enlarged
image of a selected one of the plurality of model objects to appear
on the display screen in response to input from the graphical
pointing device indicating selection of the selected one of the
plurality of model objects.
37. The method of claim 26, further comprising receiving state
information about the model vehicle, and causing the graphical
display to change in response to the state information.
38. The method of claim 26, further comprising causing the
graphical display to emulate an appearance of a legacy control
interface.
39. The method of claim 26, wherein the determining step further
comprises determining the intended user command from a
predetermined association between a screen object and a pointing
action.
40. The method of claim 26, further comprising identifying model
objects within range of a system transmitter that use a compliant
protocol for control.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates to a method and system for
remote control of a model vehicle, such as a model train.
[0003] 2. Description of Related Art
[0004] Various methods and systems are known for the remote control
of model vehicles, such as model trains. Many systems include a
control unit having a user interface. The user interface may
include one or more keys, buttons, levers, knobs or the like, for
obtaining user input used in control of the model vehicle. For
example, a control unit for a model train may include a dial that
can be turned for speed control, and numerous buttons for functions
such as on/off, train sounds, smoke generators, lights, model track
switches and accessories. Control units may also include a display
screen for display of text messages, and one or more lights, sound
generators, or other system state indicators. Control units for
model trains often comprise small hand-held devices, for the
convenience of the user. Stationary control interfaces may also be
known.
[0005] Remote control interfaces for model trains may communicate
with model trains and accessories using various methods. One
approach is to provide control signals from a remote control unit
via a wired or wireless connection to a base station, which is
connected to a model railway track. The base station may translate
received control signals into one or more suitable command
protocols for a targeted model train or accessory. For example, it
is known to send DC offset signals superimposed with AC track power
through an electrified rail of the model railway. Model trains or
accessories receiving power through the rail may then receive the
DC offset signals, decode them using an onboard controller, and
respond appropriately.
[0006] Another approach is to transmit a radio-frequency (RF)
signal through a rail of the model track, essentially using the
model track as a near-field antenna for an RF signal that fades
rapidly with distance from the track. For example, in Lionel
trains, the signal used is a 455 Khz frequency shift keyed (FSK)
signal at 5 volts peak-peak. This signal creates a field along the
length of the track, detectable within a few inches of the track.
Trains or accessories are equipped with a receiver for the RF
signal, and a microprocessor that implements commands addressed to
a particular train car or track accessory. Lionel manufactures a
system of remote controllers and compatible modular receiver and
control units referred to as a "CAB-1" remote controllers and
modules, respectively. CAB-1 modules may be added to Lionel trains
and accessories via a standard connector socket, to enable control
of a train or accessory using FSK signaling and a CAB-1 remote
controller.
[0007] Similarly, an RF or infrared (IR) signal may be broadcast
directly to a train or accessory through the air from a base
station or remote control unit, received by a receiver on the train
or accessory, and processed by a control unit. Such methods are
also known for controlling model cars, boats, planes, and other
such vehicles that operate without the use of a rail. Other methods
of communicating with model trains and vehicles for control
purposes are also known.
[0008] The development of various different control methods for
model trains over the years has lead to a situation where many
hobbyists own model trains controlled in different ways, sometimes
sharing the same model track layout. And in general, many train
hobbyists operate several trains and accessories together on the
same layout, whether or not using different control methods. Either
way, separate control units may be used to control different trains
on the same layout, requiring the user to keep track of numerous
separate units. Control units for controlling multiple trains and
accessories using a single interface are known, but such units make
use of keypad interfaces that require a user to memorize specific
command sequences to activate specific commands addressed to
specific trains or accessories on the layout. As trains and
accessories become increasingly complex with ever-increasing
control features, memorizing and executing numerous different
keystroke commands becomes an increasingly onerous chore for the
hobbyist.
[0009] It is desirable, therefore to provide a control unit and
user interface for controlling model trains and accessories that
overcomes these and other limitations of prior-art control
units.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0010] The present invention provides a control unit and interface
that may be used to control multiple model vehicles and accessories
via a single interface, without requiring the user to enter any
keystroke commands or to memorize control sequences. In addition,
the control unit may be used with multiple different control
methods, including but limited to DC offset control, RF control,
including but not limited to FSK control, and IR control. When
equipped with suitable interface units, the control unit may be
used to control model vehicles and accessories using different
control systems. Accordingly, a control unit according to the
invention may be used by a hobbyist to control a variety of
different types of trains and accessories, or other model vehicles,
using a single interface.
[0011] In an embodiment of the invention, the control unit
comprises a graphical display screen, a processor executing
graphical user interface (GUI) software operative to display
graphical images on the display screen, a pointing device operative
to provide user input to the processor, and a model vehicle control
output. A pointing device may comprise, for example, a touchscreen
responsive to finger or stylus touches, a mouse, trackball,
touchpad, joystick button, and so forth. The control unit may be
implemented using a special-purpose computer, such as an integrated
controller, display screen, pointing device, and control output of
a hand-held (or desktop) control unit. In the alternative, the
control unit may be implemented using standard displays, pointing
devices, and outputs of a general purpose computer, using the
computer's microprocessor to execute suitably configured control
software. One of ordinary skill may implement the novel user
interface and control system as disclosed herein in other ways, as
well.
[0012] In an embodiment of the invention, the invention comprises
software executed on a processor of the control unit. The software
is operative to cause graphical displays to appear on the display
screen, and generates appropriate commands for controlling trains
and accessories in response to input from the pointing device. For
example, the software may cause an image or graphical
representation of a model train to be controlled to appear on the
display screen. Using the pointing device, a user may perform
actions such as touching a wheel, touching a light, smokestack,
tender, or other part of the train, clicking and dragging the train
forwards or backwards, and so forth. The controller receives the
pointing device input which is interpreted by the software, such as
by using a lookup table or object-oriented program structure, as
correlating to specific desired commands. The software may then
cause an appropriate command to be transmitted to the model train
or accessory using a selected transmission path.
[0013] The software may be configured such that actions of the
pointing device correlate intuitively to commands or to actions of
trains or accessories, and the display correlates intuitively to
the unit under control. For example, clicking and dragging an image
of a train forwards or backwards may cause the selected train to
move in the indicated direction. A commanded velocity may correlate
to a speed or direction of cursor movement, or to a stylus
pressure. Selecting images of a component may cause the
corresponding component of the model train or accessory to operate.
Selecting the component again may cause it to toggle off or on,
depending on its last state. Images may be modified to indicate the
state of the train or accessory. For example, images of a turning
wheel may indicate motion of a train. Similarly, the state of smoke
emission devices, lights, switches, and other accessories may be
indicated using a image or icon.
[0014] Thus, a user may operate a complex system of multiple
vehicles and accessories without needing to learn a command
language or navigation of text menus. In the alternative, or in
addition, a control unit according to the invention may be
configured to emulate any number of legacy controllers, for users
who prefer using a legacy control interface.
[0015] A display screen of a control unit may be provided with a
piezoelectric layer disposed to respond to finger touches. The
piezoelectric layer may be configured to vibrate and thereby
provide auditory or tactile feedback in response to finger or
stylus pressure. For example, the feel or sound of actions such as
button presses, slider or dial movements, or button taps may be
simulated. Vehicle sounds, movement, and vibration may also be
simulated using the piezoelectric layer.
[0016] A more complete understanding of the method and system for
model vehicle and accessory control will be afforded to those
skilled in the art, as well as a realization of additional
advantages and objects thereof, by a consideration of the following
detailed description of the preferred embodiment. Reference will be
made to the appended sheets of drawings which will first be
described briefly.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing an exemplary system
according to the invention.
[0018] FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing an exemplary handheld
control unit in a system including legacy control units.
[0019] FIG. 2 is a break-away perspective view showing a handheld
control unit according to the invention.
[0020] FIGS. 3-10 are diagrams showing various exemplary graphical
displays for a control interface according to the invention.
[0021] FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing exemplary steps of a method
according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0022] The present invention provides a method and system for model
vehicle and accessory control, that overcomes the limitations of
the prior art. In the detailed description that follows, like
element numerals will be used to indicate like elements appearing
in one or more of the figures.
[0023] FIG. 1A shows a system 101 for controlling a model vehicle
or accessory, comprising a control unit 100 in communication with a
model vehicle 120, switch accessory 122, and decorative accessory
124. In an embodiment of the invention, the control unit 100 may be
configured as a handheld device. In the alternative, or in
addition, the control unit may be configured as a desktop or
layout-mounted device. It should also be possible to implement the
control using a general purpose computer, which may reduce the need
for additional hardware or provide a larger display or more
powerful processing engine than might otherwise be possible. It is
therefore anticipated that some users may implement the control
unit 100 in more than one way, to take advantage of the
characteristics of different hardware platforms.
[0024] Control unit 100 may comprise any suitable processor 102 as
known in the art. Various standard semiconductor devices for
digital processing, and circuits incorporating such devices, are
known in the art. The processor 102 should be operatively
associated with a memory 108 for holding data and program
instructions to be executed by processor 102. Processor 102 may
incorporate various components such as bus controllers, graphic
controllers, and other auxiliary components as known in the art.
From the description herein, one of ordinary skill should be able
to suitably configure processor 102, including providing it with
software or other programming instructions using any suitable
computer language. Suitable languages may include, for example, C,
C++, Visual Basic, Delphi, Python, Java, assembly language, machine
language, or combinations of the foregoing with each other or with
other languages. Libraries and routines for handling video displays
and various input devices, including input from pointing devices,
are generally available for these and other programming
languages.
[0025] The control unit further comprises a video display device
104 operatively associated with the processor 102. Various video
display devices are known in the art, and include, for example,
computer monitors configured to accept analog signals such as RGB
composite, YPbPr component, or S-video, digital monitors and
televisions configured for using DVI, HDMI, or other digital signal
input, and televisions such as use a NTSC, PAL, SECAM, or High
Defintion television signal as input. Digital monitors and
televisions often include an adaptor for accepting various analog
audio-video (A/V) signals, as well. The display screen itself may
comprise a cathode ray tube, liquid-crystal flat panel (LCD), gas
plasma panel, or similar device. In an embodiment of the invention,
a handheld-size LCD flat panel may be used. The display device 104
may also comprise electronics for driving a display screen using
one or more types of video input signals, and for providing audio
output, as known in the art.
[0026] A graphical pointing device 106 should also be
communicatively connected to processor 102, to provide an
indication of position, movement, pressure, or other pointing
characteristics. Pointing device 106 may comprise any suitable
hardware or software for sensing position, motion, or touch
pressure of a physical object. Such sensors may provide sensor
input to a device driver, which provides an interface between the
sensor and an application running on processor 102. Pointing
devices may provide an indication of two-dimensional position or
movement of an object, for example, a mechanical ball, optical
sensor, human fingertip, stylus tip, or eyeball. In some cases,
three-dimensional information, touch pressure, and rotational
movement information may be provided as well. Various suitable
pointing devices and associated software are known in the art, for
example, optical or mechanical computer mice, trackballs, joysticks
or pointing buttons, mouse and pen pads or tablets, touchpads, and
touchscreens. Both touchpads and touchscreens comprise
two-dimensional membranes that react to the touch of a finger or
stylus tip and provide a signal indicative of position or movement.
A touchscreen may be comprised as a transparent or translucent
touchpad membrane disposed over a video display.
[0027] Processor 102 should be configured to receive input from
pointing device 106, and generate commands for controlling model
vehicle 120, switch accessory 122, or decorative accessory 124 of
layout 114 in response to the pointing input. Software for the
processor may be configured to provide commands according to
separate command protocols, or a single command protocol. Various
suitable command protocols for model vehicles and accessories are
known in the art. For example, the Lionel TrainMaster.TM. Command
Control makes use of a defined command set and protocol, as do
other methods for remote control of model vehicles.
[0028] Although various suitable command protocols are known in the
art, the novel method as disclosed herein for generating commands
for a model vehicle based substantially on input from a pointing
device may require developing new systems for correlating pointer
actions in synchrony with a video display. For example, "grabbing"
an image of a model vehicle wheel on a video display and "dragging"
it forward may be correlated with a known command for "start
forward motion," and so forth. The invention is not limited to any
particular set or system of correlations between pointer actions
and vehicle or accessory commands. In general, software for
correlating pointer actions to commands or other output is known
from other contexts in computer programming, and may be readily
adapted by one of ordinary skill to practice the invention.
[0029] Control unit 100 may further include a transmitter 110 for
transmitting a wireless signal to model objects 120, 122, 124 or to
command units 126, 128. In the alternative, or in the addition, the
control unit may be hardwired to a remote interface module or
transmitter, or may be directly connected to model objects or to
the model track of layout 114. Optionally, the control unit may
also comprise a receiver for receiving information from the model
objects. A receiver may be located with transmitter 110 or in a
separate component.
[0030] Transmitter 110 may be configured to transmit and receive
information with the model objects via one or more transmission
paths. For example, information and commands may be transmitted by
over-the-air broadcast to a receiver located on the model objects
120, 122, 124. A suitable receiver may comprise, for example, a
receiver and controller in a modular unit that may be connected via
a removable connector to the power and operational devices of the
model object. For its TrainMaster.TM. compliant (abbreviated herein
as "TMCC") model vehicles and accessories, Lionel provides CAB-1
receiver/controller modules. The CAB-1 receiver is configured to
receive FSK signals emitted from the model track and is intended
for use with TMCC-1 vehicles and accesories.
[0031] It is anticipated that CAB-1 modules may be adapted by one
of ordinary skill to receive RF or IR over-the-air broadcast
signals. A suitably adapted module for receiving RF transmissions
may be referred to, for example, as a "CAB-2" module. CAB-2 modules
may be provided with a common interface with CAB-1 modules. Thus,
it is anticipated that CAB-2 and CAB-1 modules may be used
interchangeably in a system according to the invention. Model
vehicles and accessories may be upgraded from TMCC-1 to TMCC-2
merely by replacing a CAB-1 receiver module with a CAB-2 module. In
addition, transmitter 110 and other components of the system may be
configured to support CAB-2 transmission standards while providing
backward compatibility to CAB-1 or other standards. The hobbyist
may thereby use control unit 100 to control model vehicles and
accessories of different types on the same layout.
[0032] In the alternative, or in addition, the control unit 110 may
communicate with model objects via an FSK command interface unit
126 connected to the model layout. Yet another alternative is to
communicate via a command interface 128 for any other command
protocol, such as DC-offset signaling. Command interface units 126,
128 may be configured to receive transmissions from the control
unit 100 and to generate commands in any desired protocol for model
objects in layout 114 capable of receiving and operating
accordingly. Command units as known in the art for FSK signaling,
DC-offset control, or other protocols may be adapted by one of
ordinary skill to receive and process information from the control
unit 100. In the alternative, the control unit 100 may be
configured to transmit information in a manner already compatible
with prior-art command units. Using any suitable method as
described above, a single control unit 100 may control model
objects using different protocols. Accordingly, a suitably
configured control unit may be used to replace numerous otherwise
incompatible prior-art control units for controlling any desired
number of different types of model objects on layout 114.
[0033] For DC-offset control, layout 114 may comprise separate
control blocks 116 and 118 of model track, to which one or more
legacy command units 128 may be separately connected. Power may be
supplied through a conventional power supply 130.
[0034] Processor 102 may also be configured to communicate via a
wireless router 140 or other network device through a network 142
to a remote server 144. This connectivity may be used, for example,
to update operating software in memory 108 as improvements are
made, or as new models of model vehicles and accessories are
released. The control unit may be configured to automatically
check, download, or install software updates at periodic intervals,
or in response to changes in system 101. In the alternative, or in
addition, a user may manually initiate any of these update
processes. Information may also be transmitted from the control
unit 100 to the server 144, for example, current version
information or system state, or an acknowledgment that an update
has been successfully installed may be transmitted.
[0035] FIG. 1B shows an exemplary TMCC-2 handheld control unit 100
according to the invention, in a control system together with a
TMCC1 controller 150. Controller 150 transmits control signals
wirelessly to an FSK base 152. Base 150 may be configured as a
TMCC-1 base, which receives TMCC-1 command signals, translates or
transforms the signals to an FSK-compatible format 160 and
broadcasts the signals from a rail of a layout 114. Vehicle 120,
being equipped with a CAB-1 receiver (not shown), receives the FSK
control signals via near field 166, and operates accordingly. The
TMCC handheld control unit 150 also wirelessly transmits control
signals to a TMCC-1 power control unit 154, which modulates AC
phase-controlled power 162 to layout 114 in response to the control
signals, for speed control of the vehicle 120. In the alternative,
or in addition, handheld control unit 150 may transmit control
signals to a TMCC-2 power control unit 156. Power control unit 156
may be backwardly compatible with the TMCC-1 command set, while
providing additional TMCC-2 capabilities as described below for use
with TMCC-2 handheld controller 100.
[0036] TMCC-2 controller 100 may be used instead of, or in addition
to, controller 150 to control model vehicles in the same layout
114. Controller 100 may be configured for backward compatibility
with the TMCC-1 standard, and thus, may transmit TMCC-1 control
signals to base 152, which then may operate exactly as described in
connection with controller 150. Likewise, controller 100 may
transmit a TMCC-1 signal to power control unit 154, for control of
AC power in the same manner as used with TMCC-1 controller 150. If
vehicle 120 or any other vehicle on layout 114 is equipped with a
CAB-2 receiver/transmitter, control unit 100 may wirelessly
communicate directly with the so-equipped vehicle, as described in
connection with the preceding FIG. 1A. Communication with the CAB-2
transmitter may be two-way, for example commands may be transmitted
to vehicle 120, and data or acknowledgements transmitted from the
vehicle 120 to controller 100.
[0037] Control unit 100 may also be used to transmit and receive
from a TMCC-2 power control unit 156 for control of AC
phase-controlled power 164 to layout 114. Power unit 156 may
comprise a transmitter for transmitting data back to handheld unit
100. Such data may include, for example, voltage, current, or phase
information measured at one or more connection points to a power
supply rail of track layout 114. In an embodiment of the invention,
a CAB-2 equipped vehicle may transmit data regarding track power
received by the vehicle to the power control unit 156, which may
relay it to unit 100. In the alternative, or in addition, power
control unit 156 may include a processor configured to implement a
feedback control loop for power control, such as a PI or PID
control loop, to more accurately control power supplied to the
track 114 or vehicle 120. Power information may also be relayed or
transmitted directly to remote unit 100 for diagnostic or control
purposes.
[0038] While FIGS. 1A-B illustrate embodiments of control units
employing multiple control protocols and capabilities, the
invention is not limited to the specific protocols and control
capabilities disclosed. An important aspect of the invention
concerns the use of a graphical user interface (GUI) in a control
system or method. This aspect of the invention may be practiced
independently from, or in conjunction with, the multiple control
protocols and capabilities exemplified above. Further details
pertaining to use of a graphical user interface for control are
described in the specification below.
[0039] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary physical package for a handheld
graphical control unit 200. Control unit 200 comprises a prominent
video display screen 203 for display of graphic images. In an
embodiment of the invention, the control unit comprises a
substantially keyless interface, relying on the display screen and
a pointing device as the primary control interface. The display
screen may comprise a flat panel LCD 206 as known in the art, or
other suitable display. A substantially transparent or translucent
touchscreen membrane sensor element 204 may overlay the LCD 206 and
be configured as a pointing device, as known in the art. Suitable
touchscreen membranes may comprise, for example, capacitive
touchscreens or resistive touchscreens, or more advanced
technologies such as IR scanning or surface area wave (SAW)
touchscreens. The membrane element may be connected to a processor
(e.g., processor 100 shown in FIG. 1A) via a universal serial bus
(USB), serial, or other suitable connection via a suitable
interface device, as known in the art.
[0040] The control unit 200 may also comprise one or more
electronics boards 208 for holding system electronics, such as
processors, transmitter/receivers, display and pointer interfaces,
memory devices, batteries, and so forth. The arrangement of
internal components may be accomplished in any suitable manner by
one of ordinary skill. While the depicted embodiment suggests a
general anticipated arrangement of elements, one or ordinary skill
should understand that it is not intended to depict actual details
of a mechanical layout, which may be determined during a design
process by one of ordinary skill.
[0041] Display 203 may be supported and protected by a sturdy frame
202, comprising any suitable structural material, such as plastic
or metal. It may be assembled using various fasteners or adhesives
as known in the art. An outer periphery of the frame 202 may
project beyond the display surface 203. The frame may be contoured
or provided with a rubberized outer layer for comfortable holding.
Optionally, the control unit may be provided with a removable case
(not shown), as generally known in the art for handheld
appliances.
[0042] An exterior of the frame 202 may be provided with various
interface features, for example, a retractable antenna 210
connected to a transmitter/receiver of the control unit. One or
more interface ports 212A, 212B may be provided, for communicating
with external devices. Various suitable port configurations are
known in the art, for example, USB, serial, IEEE 1394, IEEE 802
(wireless), and so forth. In addition, a power port 214 may be
provided for supplying power to system electronics. In an
embodiment of the invention, the control unit 100 may be used in a
wireless mode to control model vehicles and accessories. Wired
ports 212A-B and 214 may be used during system off times, such as
while recharging system batteries, reconfiguring system software,
or configuring other system components. It may also be advantageous
to supply the control unit 200 with a physical on/off switch as
known in the art (not shown).
[0043] Many other different forms of physical package may also be
suitable, besides the exemplary embodiment 200 shown in FIG. 2. For
example, instead of a generally rectangular frame, the frame may be
curved, contoured, include one or more hand grips or finger grips,
or may comprise any other suitable shape. In the alternative to, or
in addition to touchscreen 204, a different pointing device may be
used, such as a joystick button or touchpad. The user interface may
comprise a substantially keyless interface as shown, or in the
alternative, one or more keys may be included. The display 203 is
not limited to the rectangular shape depicted, and may be provided
in any suitable shape. In addition, the control unit need not be
provided as a handheld device, and may even be implemented using a
general-purpose computer. However, it is desirable that a video
display screen of some type comprise a prominent feature of the
control unit, to facilitate a graphical pointing-based control
method as described herein.
[0044] The display screen of the control unit may be used to
display a series of graphic images and icons. A user indicates
desired control actions by interacting with the display using a
graphical pointing device. The control unit determines the intended
control action from the pointer input and state of the graphic
display, and transmits an appropriate command or message to one or
more selected model vehicles, accessories, or command interface
units. FIGS. 3-10 provide examples of display screens for providing
a user with a substantially keyless control interface. One of
ordinary skill may readily program such graphic displays using
various suitable computer languages. These figures merely exemplify
the conceptual framework of the invention, and the invention is not
limited to the particular images or arrangement of images described
herein. One of ordinary skill may devise a virtually unlimited
variety of images, icons, and arrangements for use with the
invention. Indeed, it is anticipated that particular control units
may be frequently updated with software providing new and different
interactive graphic interfaces for the enjoyment of the model
vehicle hobbyist.
[0045] FIGS. 3-10 provide examples of generally text-free control
interfaces. One advantage of a text free interface is that text
need not be translated into different languages for use by
different language speakers. However, it is generally recognized
that graphical user interfaces may be made easier to learn or
operate by the use of accompanying text messages or labels. The
near absence of text in FIGS. 3-10 should not be taken to suggest
that use of text is undesirable. Text may be used, for example in
pop-up windows or labels, to facilitate understanding and
navigation of the graphical control interface.
[0046] In addition, although FIGS. 3-10 show displays for a display
screen 203 of a control unit 200, the invention is not limited
thereby. It is anticipated that displays may be provided in other
shapes and proportions, and the concepts of the invention may
readily be adopted to various different displays. For example,
larger, more complex displays may be implemented on larger screens,
such as on display monitors for general-purpose computers.
[0047] FIG. 3 shows an exemplary display such as may be used for a
top-level or upper level screen. That is, a user may be presented
with a display as shown in FIG. 3 on a display 203 after turning
the control unit on or first starting the control application, as a
"home" screen. From this display, the user may be presented with
options for opening various different lower-level screens. For
example, by selecting icon 302 using a pointer action, a user may
indicate a desire to select one or more model vehicles for control.
In response, the control unit may generate a display containing one
or more images of model vehicles, or graphics representing model
vehicles, as shown in FIG. 4. By selecting an image or icon
representing a model vehicle, the user may indicate a desire to
control that vehicle. One model vehicle is shown in FIG. 4, but it
should be appreciated that multiple vehicles may be shown on a
single screen.
[0048] Referring again to FIG. 3, by selecting icon 304, a user may
indicate a desire to control switch accessories of a model vehicle
layout. By selecting icon 306, a user may indicate a desire to
control other components of a layout, such as accessories. Icon 308
may be used to open screens for configuring the interface, updating
information regarding model vehicles and accessories controlled by
the system, setting user preferences for system operation, and so
forth. Button icons for initiating traditional navigation functions
for graphical user interfaces may also be provided. For example, a
"back" button 310 or a "forward button" 312 may be provided, for
calling previously displayed screens as known in the art. Icon 314
may be used to indicate a desire to place the control unit in an
emulation mode, calling for a display emulating the function of a
prior-art control unit, for example, a Lionel TrainMaster.TM.
control unit.
[0049] A cursor 305 may be used to indicate a current position of
the pointing device. In the alternative, the cursor may be omitted.
An addition, other ways of indicating cursor actions or menu status
may be used, for example, "graying" inactive icons, highlighting
selected icons, providing pop-up windows in response to pointer
input, and so forth.
[0050] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary display for controlling a model
vehicle, such as a model train, on a display screen 203 of a
control unit 200. The display includes an image of a model vehicle
321. Two cars, a locomotive 316 and tender 318, are shown. Any
number of connected cars of various types may also be displayed
together.
[0051] Certain regions of the display may be configured as active
regions responsive to pointer input, as known in the art. For
example, by clicking or otherwise indicating region 320, the
headlamp may be toggled on or off. Region 322 may be used to toggle
on or off a smoke generator, or to call up a screen for more
complex control option. Icon 324 or a region of the image may be
used to turn off or on a sound generator. Different icons may be
used to indicate different sounds. For example, a bell icon 326 may
be used to sound the engine's bell. In the alternative, or in
addition, the type of sound may be determined by the location of a
sound icon or image region. For example, icon 324 may be used to
trigger a horn sound; icon 332 may trigger engineer sounds, and
icon 334 may trigger coal loading sounds.
[0052] Similarly, wheels 328 may indicate an active region for
controlling movement of the model vehicle. For example, forward
motion may be initiated by clicking and dragging the wheels
forward. The action may be repeated to increase velocity. Clicking
and dragging backward may slow the train, or send it in a reverse
direction, depending on its initial velocity. In the alternative,
velocity may be indicated by a rate or direction at which the
pointer is moved. For example, moving the pointer up may cause an
increase in engine power, while moving it down may cause a
decrease. Any other suitable pointer action may also be interpreted
to control vehicle movement, as desired.
[0053] The display may be provided with any desired navigation icon
buttons, for example, back button 310 and forward button 312, as
previously described. In addition, a home button 338 may be
provided, which provides a direct link to an opening or "home"
screen. Other navigation icon buttons may include shortcut buttons
340, 342, and 344. Button 340 may provide a shortcut to a vehicle
selection page, which may permit selection of a different system
vehicle for control. Button 342 may provide a link to a page for
selecting switch accessories for control, and button 344 may
similarly provide for selection of other accessories.
[0054] The control unit 200 may be configured to provide a current
indication of the state of the model object, or of the last command
sent to the model object. The control unit may determine a current
state from information received from a model object, from the last
command sent to the model object, or from some combination of the
foregoing. The display may then be altered to reflect a current
object or command state. For example, FIG. 5 shows indicators 346
and 348 such as may be added to an engine 316 display to indicate
an operational state of a headlamp or a smoke generating unit,
respectively. Indicator 346 may suggest a beam of light emanating
from a lamp, and may be present when the lamp indicator is in an ON
state. Indicator 348 may suggest puffs of smoke emanating from a
smokestack of engine 316 when the model vehicle smoke unit is
turned on. A great variety of other indicators may also be
provided, as desired.
[0055] Referring again to FIG. 4, features of the display may be
animated to indicate a state of the model vehicle under control.
For example, wheels 328 may be animated so as to appear to turn at
a rate proportional to engine power. Couplers may be animated to
indicate a coupling or decoupling action. Animated figures, such as
train engineers, may be made to perform actions that correlate to
sounds being generated and commanded vehicle actions. In addition,
animation effects may be added merely for decorative effect,
independently of vehicle or command state, if desired.
[0056] The display may be provided with icons or active regions for
linking to related displays providing access to richer, more
complex features of the model vehicle and system software. For
example, an active region 330 may indicate a control panel designed
to suggest controls or gauges for the modeled locomotive. After
selecting this region using a defined pointing action, the display
may be changed to provide an enlarged view of the modeled control
panel 350, shown in FIG. 6. Display 350 may comprise numerous
gauges which may change depending on the actual engine state, the
command state of the software, or some combination of the
foregoing. Based on such inputs, the control unit may determine
simulated engine values designed to model engine conditions that
may occur in an actual engine. For example, gauge 352 may indicate
train speed, gauge 354 steam pressure, gauge 356 furnace
temperature, gauge 358 engine oil pressure, and gauge 360 brake
pressure. The control panel may also be provided with various
command icons or active regions to emulate actual controls
available on the modeled locomotive, such as steam or fuel valves,
brake levers, throttles, etc., in response to pointer input. One of
many such possible controls is indicated diagrammatically at
362.
[0057] Using a display such as display 350, the user may therefore
control the model train similar to the way that an engineer might
have controlled the actual modeled locomotive. The control unit may
thus serve as a vehicle simulator, with the model vehicle
responding to user input via a control panel 350. Depending on the
skill and experience of the hobbyist, more or less sophisticated
simulated control panels may provided. The control unit may thus
provide multiple different ways for control of the model vehicle
via the graphical display 203.
[0058] Referring yet again to FIG. 4, a system display may be
provided with scrolling capability, to scroll the display
horizontally or vertically in response to user input. A right arrow
336 is indicated at the right of the tender car 318. The arrow
points to the right to indicate that additional cars exist behind
the tender. In response to activation of arrow 336 by any suitable
defined pointing action, the display may scroll left or otherwise
be changed to show the next cars 366, 368 behind last car of the
previous display, as shown in FIG. 7. Scroll arrows 364 and 336 may
similarly be activated to access other cars, with left arrow 364
used for access to cars in front of car 366 and right arrow 336
used as before. Besides scrolling, any other suitable method may be
used to select and control different cars of a model vehicle.
[0059] FIG. 7 also illustrates control of train cars such as may be
provided with controllable features. For example, a boxcar 366 may
generate sound by activating icon 370, or may operate its doors in
response to activation of active door region 372. Likewise, hopper
car 368 may play loading sounds in response to selection of icon
376, or may open or shut its hopper doors in response to activation
of active region 374. A coupler image region 373 may be activated
to decouple cars if equipped with an electronic decoupler. A great
variety of other cars may similarly be controlled. Each trailing
car may be provided with its own receiver/control module, e.g., a
CAB-1 or CAB-2 unit, to receive and execute commands from the
control unit 200. In the alternative, a receiver/controller in one
car may be used to control accessories in multiple cars via a
coupling or other electrical connectors for connecting active
elements of trailing cars.
[0060] FIG. 8 shows an exemplary display for control of switch
accessories, such as may be used to switch model trains from one
section or block of track to another. Four icons 380A-D are shown,
each corresponding to a different switch accessory. Each icon may
be identified by a label, from which the corresponding switch's
position in the model layout may be determined. Right scroll arrow
336 indicates that additional switch accessories may be accessed by
activation of the display scrolling feature. The current position
of a switch may be indicated by an icon or other graphic
representation. For example, icon 378A indicates that switch 380A
is in a "through" position. Icon 378B indicates that switch 380B is
in an "out" position. The position of a switch may be changed via
interacting with an active region or icon. For example, active
region 382 may be selected to place switch 380A in a through
position. Region 384 may be selected to place switch 380A in an out
position. Thus, a plurality of switches may be controlled using a
single display and intuitive graphical interface.
[0061] It may sometimes be desirable to show a graphic
representation of a model track layout, such as to show the
position of switches or other accessories. For example, selecting a
switch icon (e.g., icon 380A) may cause a layout display as shown
in FIG. 9 to appear. The display may comprise a map 386 of a model
track layout. The layout may include a plurality of switches
represented by corresponding symbols, such as symbols 388A-B. The
symbols may comprise active icons or regions. Map 386 may further
comprise one or more accessory symbols 392, showing the location of
decorative accessories. A layout or model vehicles may be equipped
with position sensors or locating devices, which may make it
possible to show the position of one or more model vehicles, such
as shown using symbol 390. Any desired element of map 386 may
comprise an active object for initiating a control command. A
hobbyist may construct and update a model layout map using an
associated application running on the control unit 200 or other
computer system.
[0062] A layout display as shown in FIG. 9 may also be useful for
configuring a control system. For example, a track layout may be
used to conveniently program one or more routes within the layout.
Each route comprises a set of switch settings that cause a model
vehicle to move along a specified route of track. Once configured,
a user may conveniently set multiple switches at once by selecting
a specified route. A route may be displayed in a manner similar to
FIG. 9, as well. In the alternative to using a display of a track
layout to define a route, switch displays as shown in FIG. 8, or
any other desired display, may be used.
[0063] Still further, a layout display as shown in FIG. 9 may be
useful for showing the results of system diagnostic tests. For
example, track voltages may vary across different sections of track
because of connection impedance between the track section, or
between a model vehicle and a particular track section. A voltage
sensor on a model vehicle may be used to detect received voltage as
the vehicle moves around the track. These voltages may be recorded
for different track positions and mapped using a layout mapped as
shown in FIG. 9. In the alternative, or in addition, the vehicle
voltage may be displayed using a digital or simulated analog (e.g.,
a waveform) display on the control unit 200 as the model vehicle
moves around the track.
[0064] A hobbyist may sometimes desire to control trains or other
model vehicles using a traditional control interface, such as a
Lionel TrainMaster.TM. interface. A control unit 200 according to
the invention may be configured to emulate a traditional control
interface 400, as shown in FIG. 10. The emulated interface 400 may
include graphic representations of keys, dials, or other objects
found on a traditional interface. Such representations may comprise
active objects responsive to pointer input in a manner that
emulates a traditional interface. Thus, control unit 200 may
control model vehicles and accessories using both traditional and
graphical interfaces.
[0065] In an embodiment of the invention, a display screen 203 of a
control unit 200 may be provided with a piezoelectric layer 402
disposed to respond to finger touches. Layer 402 may be
substantially transparent and disposed on top of a display screen,
such as on an LCD display. In the alternative, the piezoelectric
layer may be disposed under a protective layer or display screen.
The piezoelectric layer 402 may be associated with a touchscreen as
previously described. The touchscreen may comprise one or more
active regions 404, each aligned with a respective image of a
traditional control actuator, e.g., button image 406 or dial image
408. Piezoelectric layer 402 may be configured to vibrate and
thereby provide auditory or tactile feedback in response to finger
or stylus pressure. For example, the feel or sound of actions such
as button presses, slider or dial movements, or button taps may be
simulated.
[0066] Various suitable methods of constructing a piezoelectric
layer in conjunction with a display screen are known in the art,
and any suitable method may be used. In an embodiment of the
invention, piezoelectric elements comprising metal oxides may be
sandwiched between two electrodes. When a voltage is applied to the
electrodes, the piezoelectric elements expand in the direction of
the voltage. The voltage may be alternated at different frequencies
to provide a desired auditory or tactile feedback in response to
touchscreen input.
[0067] Using a system in accordance with the foregoing, a user may
perform a method 500 for controlling a model vehicle, exemplary
steps of which are shown in FIG. 11. At step 502, a graphic display
screen is displayed. The user interacts with one or more objects or
regions depicted on the screen, and at step 504, a system receives
the pointing input.
[0068] At step 506, a processor determines an intended user command
from the pointing input received, depending on a current state of
the display. In an embodiment of the invention, displayed objects
or regions are active, in that a program module is configured to
react to defined pointer actions by passing specified information
(e.g., information specifying a model vehicle or accessory command)
to another software module for communicating the command to the
model object. Other methods for determining an intended user
command from pointer input and a state of the display may also be
suitable.
[0069] At step 508, a command protocol may be selected. This may
occur concurrently with step 506. For example, when a screen object
is associated with a particular model object, a command protocol
for the model object may likewise be associated with the screen
object. Thus, when the user selects the screen object, both a
command and a command protocol may be selected. Screen objects may
be associated with commands or protocols during a configuring step,
which may be performed prior to controlling model objects using the
control unit. Other methods for selecting a command protocol may be
suitable.
[0070] At step 509, the command may be translated to the selected
protocol, if necessary, and transmitted to the model object at step
510. At step 512, a return signal may be received from the model
object. For example, the return signal may comprise an
acknowledgement that a command has been received. Return
information may also concern the state of the model vehicle, e.g.,
voltage or velocity information. At step 514, the graphics display
may be refreshed to reflect a change in state of the model vehicle,
such as to show that command has been received or executed.
[0071] Prior to operation of a control method according to the
invention, a system control unit may be configured with information
concerning model vehicles, switches, and other accessories. In an
embodiment of the invention, the control unit may broadcast an
inquiry, causing model vehicles within range that are using a
compatible command protocol to respond. The control unit may
process the responses received to update model object information
within a control database. Such broadcasts, or "scanning," may
occur at periodic intervals, or upon the occurrence of specified
conditions. In the alternative, or in addition, model objects may
be configured to transmit information to a control unit when the
model object is first powered up, or after a "reset" operation
occurs. Still further, a user may configure a control database by
manually entering information via a suitable user interface.
[0072] Having thus described a preferred embodiment of method and
system for model vehicle and accessory control, it should be
apparent to those skilled in the art that certain advantages of the
within system have been achieved. It should also be appreciated
that various modifications, adaptations, and alternative
embodiments thereof may be made within the scope and spirit of the
present invention. For example, a system as applied to model train
control has been illustrated, but it should be apparent that the
inventive concepts described above would be equally applicable to
control of other model vehicles and accessories. The invention is
defined by the following claims.
* * * * *