U.S. patent application number 11/344105 was filed with the patent office on 2006-08-24 for heat exchange plate.
Invention is credited to Toyoaki Matsuzaki, Taro Watanabe.
Application Number | 20060185835 11/344105 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36284029 |
Filed Date | 2006-08-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060185835 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Matsuzaki; Toyoaki ; et
al. |
August 24, 2006 |
Heat exchange plate
Abstract
A heat exchange plate has protrusions and recesses. The
protrusion having a curved outer peripheral surface is surrounded
by adjacent protrusions placed at regular intervals on a circle
around the protrusion with the same central angle relative to the
center of the protrusion. The recess having a curved inner
peripheral surface that partially extends to the curved outer
peripheral surface of the protrusion is placed in a predetermined
arrangement that is deviated by the same pitch from the
predetermined arrangement of the protrusions. The recesses provide
on the other surface of the plate with the same configuration as
the protrusions. The protrusions provide on the surface of the
plate with the same configuration as the recesses, so as to provide
on the opposite surfaces of the metallic plate with the same
pattern of irregularity.
Inventors: |
Matsuzaki; Toyoaki;
(Tagata-Gun, JP) ; Watanabe; Taro; (Tokyo,
JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
RADER FISHMAN & GRAUER PLLC
LION BUILDING
1233 20TH STREET N.W., SUITE 501
WASHINGTON
DC
20036
US
|
Family ID: |
36284029 |
Appl. No.: |
11/344105 |
Filed: |
February 1, 2006 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
165/166 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F28F 3/042 20130101;
F28D 9/0031 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
165/166 |
International
Class: |
F28F 3/04 20060101
F28F003/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Feb 3, 2005 |
JP |
P2005-27704 |
Claims
1. A heat exchange plate, which is formed of a metallic plate and
has a predetermined pattern of irregularity, the heat exchange
plate being placed on another heat exchange plate having a same
structure so as to come into contact with each other on a same side
of the heat exchange plate to provide a pair of heat exchange
plates, the pair of heat exchange plates being combined to one or
more other pair of heat exchange plates integrally with each other
to form a heat exchanger in which heat exchange is to be made
between first and second heat exchange fluids that come into
contact with opposite surfaces of the heat exchange plate,
respectively, the heat exchange plate comprising: a plurality of
protrusions that are placed in a predetermined arrangement on a
surface of the metallic plate; and a plurality of recesses each of
which is placed between two or more protrusions of said plurality
of protrusions on said surface of the metallic plate so as to dent
in an opposite direction to a protruding direction of said
protrusions, said plurality of protrusions and said plurality of
recesses providing said predetermined pattern of irregularity;
wherein: each of said protrusions has a curved outer peripheral
surface, one protrusion of said plurality of protrusions is
surrounded by adjacent protrusions of other protrusions, said
adjacent protrusions being placed at regular intervals on a circle
around said one protrusion and with a same central angle relative
to a center of said one protrusion; each of said recesses has a
curved inner peripheral surface that partially extends to the
curved outer peripheral surface of said protrusions, said recesses
being placed in a predetermined arrangement that is deviated by a
same pitch from the predetermined arrangement of said protrusions;
and said recesses provide on another surface of said metallic plate
with a same configuration as said plurality of protrusions and said
protrusions provide on said surface of said metallic plate with a
same configuration as said recesses, so as to provide on the
opposite surfaces of the metallic plate with a same pattern of
irregularity.
2. The heat exchange plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said
protrusions are placed on a basis of a matrix arrangement in which
said protrusions are aligned at regular intervals on lines
extending in two directions that are perpendicular to each other,
and said recesses are placed on a basis of a similar matrix
arrangement to said matrix arrangement of the protrusions, in which
on recess of said plurality of recesses is placed in a center of a
square defined by four protrusions that are adjacent to each other
by a shortest distance; said protrusions and recesses that
respectively continue in diagonal lines of the metallic plate in
the matrix arrangement in which the protrusions and recesses are
alternated at the regular intervals have a sine wave shape in a
cross section of the metallic plate; and a central portion between
closest adjacent two protrusions and a central portion between
closest adjacent two recesses are level with an intermediate height
between a bottom of said recess and a top of said protrusion.
3. The heat exchange plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein: said
protrusions and recesses are alternated to form parallel rows that
are in parallel with or perpendicular to sides of the metallic
plate having a rectangular or square shape, thus providing the
predetermined pattern of irregularity.
4. The heat exchange plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein: each of
said protrusions is provided at a top thereof with a flat surface
having a predetermined area.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates a heat exchange plate, which
is formed of a metallic plate and to be used in combination with
the other heat exchange plates having the same structure so that
they are combined in parallel and integrally with each other to
form a heat exchanger, and especially to such a heat exchange plate
that permits to provide an integrally combined state for the heat
exchanger in which an appropriate heat exchange can be made between
heat exchange fluids under the same heat transfer conditions
between them, while causing the heat exchange fluids to flow
smoothly along the opposite surfaces of the heat exchange plate,
respectively, thus enhancing heat exchange efficiency.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] If there is a demand that heat transfer coefficient is
increased to enhance heat exchange efficiency, utilizing a heat
exchanger by which transfer of heat (i.e., heat exchange) is made
between a high temperature fluid and a low temperature fluid, a
plate-type heat exchanger has conventionally been used widely. The
plate-type heat exchanger has a structure in which a plurality of
heat transfer plates are placed parallelly one upon another at
prescribed intervals so as to form passages, which are separated by
means of the respective heat transfer plates. A high temperature
fluid and a low temperature fluid flow alternately in the
above-mentioned passages to make heat exchange through the
respective heat transfer plates. Japanese Patent Provisional
Publication No. H3-91695 describes an example of such a
conventional plate-type heat exchanger.
[0005] In the conventional plate-type heat exchanger, gasket
members formed of elastic material are placed between the adjacent
two plates to make the distance between them constant and define
passages for fluid. However, a high pressure of the heat exchange
fluid flowing between the plates may cause deformation of the
gasket member, thus disabling an appropriate separation of the
fluids from being ensured or leading to an unfavorable variation in
distance between the plates. In such a case, an effective heat
exchange may not be carried out, thus causing a problem. In view of
these facts, the conventional heat exchanger involves a problem
that the heat exchange fluids can be utilized only in a pressure
range in which the gasket member withstands.
[0006] There has recently been proposed a heat exchanger having a
structure in which metallic thin plates, which are placed at
predetermined intervals, are joined together, without using any
gasket members, at their ends by welding to assemble the plates
into a single unit so as to form passages for heat exchange fluids,
on the opposite sides of the respective plates. Japanese Patent
Provisional Publication No. 2003-194490 describes, as an example of
an invention made by the present inventor, a heat exchange unit in
which heat transfer plates formed of metallic thin plates are
aligned in parallel with each other so as to be apart from each
other, these plates are welded at their periphery excepting one
side into a united body having an opening, and the opening is
closed by an end plate.
[0007] A pattern of irregularity of herringbone type has
conventionally and widely applied to the heat transfer plates of
the plate-type heat exchanger. However, such a pattern of
irregularity could not achieve a balance of decrease in pressure
loss and assured resistance to pressure. Accordingly, various kinds
of different pattern of irregularities have been proposed. Japanese
Patent Provisional Publication No. 2000-257488 describes an example
of such different pattern of irregularities.
[0008] The plates for the above-mentioned conventional heat
exchanger has a structure in which the plate includes a plurality
of heat transfer sections each of which has a mound configuration
provided at its top with a flat portion in a thickness direction of
the plate (i.e., a cross section thereof) and a rectangular shape
in a plan view of the plate. These plates are combined to each
other so as to be placed one upon another to form a single heat
exchanger.
[0009] The conventional heat exchangers (i.e., heat exchange units)
have structures as described in Japanese Patent Provisional
Publication Nos. H3-91695, 2003-194490 and 2000-257488. With
respect to the conventional plates described in Japanese Patent
Provisional Publication No. 2000-257488, which have a pattern of
irregularity that is applicable also to the plates described in
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication Nos. H3-91695 and
2003-194490, the plates are placed one upon another to form a heat
exchanger so that alternating plates are turned upside down and
upper end portions of heat transfer sections of the plate faces
flowing passage-intersections of the adjacent plate. The plates are
combined to each other so that the heat transfer sections protrude
the same direction, with the result that the flowing passages
formed between the adjacent two plates have the same pattern,
although the alternating plates are turned by 180 degrees, leading
to a reverse positional relationship in a direction perpendicular
to the combining direction of the plates.
[0010] When the conventional heat exchange plates are placed one
upon another with the same orientation, there is provided the
similar configuration of flow passages. However, the plate is
provided on the lower surface side with the reverse pattern of
irregularity to the upper surface side, leading to symmetrical
configuration on the opposite surfaces of the plate. Therefore, the
same heat transfer conditions cannot been given to fluids on the
opposite surfaces of the heat exchange plate, thus making it
impossible to cope appropriately with a case in which the heat
transfer states between the opposite surfaces of the plate and the
respective fluids are kept identical to ensure sufficient heat
transfer efficiency between heat exchange fluids.
[0011] Even when the opposite surfaces of the plate are different
from each other in configuration, the matching of such a
configuration with characteristic property of the respective heat
exchange fluids which are brought into contact with the respective
surfaces of the plate, or with flowing state thereof makes it
possible to enhance independently the heat transfer efficiency
between the plate and the respective fluids, so as to improve a
general heat exchange efficiency between the fluids, even in case
where the heat transfer states on the opposites surfaces of the
plate are different from each other. However, the configuration of
the respective plates is specialized for a certain flowing state of
each fluid. In case where an intended use as the heat exchanger or
a positional relationship between the plates of the heat exchanger
causes variation in flowing conditions of the heat exchange fluids
passing through gaps between the plates, or replacement of the
fluids itself, the heat transfer performance may deviate from the
optimum point, thus leading to a severe deterioration in
performance and being inferior in general versatility.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0012] An object of the present invention, which was made to solve
the above-mentioned problems, is therefore to provide a heat
exchange plate, which permits optimization of a pattern of
irregularity of heat transfer sections on the opposite surfaces of
the plate, an appropriate combination with the other kinds of
plates for a combined unit, coincidence of a pattern of
irregularity on the opposite surfaces of the plate and of heat
transfer conditions of the respective fluids, so as to ensure heat
transfer performance for the fluids on the opposite surfaces of the
plate, thus obtaining a high heat exchange efficiency.
[0013] In order to attain the aforementioned object, a heat
exchange plate of the first aspect of the present invention, which
is formed of a metallic plate and has a predetermined pattern of
irregularity, the heat exchange plate being placed on another heat
exchange plate having a same structure so as to come into contact
with each other on a same side of the heat exchange plate to
provide a pair of heat exchange plates, the pair of heat exchange
plates being combined to one or more other pair of heat exchange
plates integrally with each other to form a heat exchanger in which
heat exchange is to be made between first and second heat exchange
fluids that come into contact with opposite surfaces of the heat
exchange plate, respectively, the heat exchange plate comprises: a
plurality of protrusions that are placed in a predetermined
arrangement on a surface of the metallic plate; and a plurality of
recesses each of which is placed between two or more protrusions of
said plurality of protrusions on said surface of the metallic plate
so as to dent in an opposite direction to a protruding direction of
said protrusions, said plurality of protrusions and said plurality
of recesses providing said predetermined pattern of irregularity;
wherein: each of said protrusions has a curved outer peripheral
surface, one protrusion of said plurality of protrusions is
surrounded by adjacent protrusions of other protrusions, said
adjacent protrusions being placed at regular intervals on a circle
around said one protrusion and with a same central angle relative
to a center of said one protrusion; each of said recesses has a
curved inner peripheral surface that partially extends to the
curved outer peripheral surface of said protrusions, said recesses
being placed in a predetermined arrangement that is deviated by a
same pitch from the predetermined arrangement of said protrusions;
and said recesses provide on another surface of said metallic plate
with a same configuration as said plurality of protrusions and said
protrusions provide on said surface of said metallic plate with a
same configuration as said recesses, so as to provide on the
opposite surfaces of the metallic plate with a same pattern of
irregularity.
[0014] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the
plate is provided on the lower surface side with the reverse
pattern of irregularity to the upper surface side so that the
protrusions on the upper surface of the plate correspond to the
recesses on the lower surface of the plate on the basis of the same
pattern of irregularity. When the plate is placed on the other
plate on the same side so that the tops of the protrusions of the
former plate come into contact with the tops of the protrusions of
the latter plate, and such combination is repeated to form a
combined unit, the configuration of the plate, in which the
protrusions on the upper surface of the plate correspond to the
recesses on the lower surface of the plate, provides a passage
having the corresponding configuration, between the plates. It is
therefore possible to impart the same heat transfer environment on
the opposite surfaces of the plate to the heat transfer fluids
passing through gaps between the plates. Accordingly, proper heat
transfer between the fluids through the plates can progress,
without being affected by flowing state of the fluids and
characteristic property thereof, thus permitting effective heat
exchange between the heat exchange fluids. In addition, gaps
between the plates extend linearly on straight lines along which
the protrusions and recesses are aligned, while expanding and
reducing in a repeated manner, to form passage sections so that the
passage section intersects the other passage section so as to
communicate therewith, thus providing a braided passage structure.
Even when a flowing relationship of the heat exchange fluids is
based on any one of a parallel flowing system, a counter-flowing
system and a cross flowing system, it is therefore possible to
cause the heat exchange fluids to behave in flow in substantially
the same manner to provide substantially the same heat transfer
performance. In addition, even when the heat exchange fluids flow
on the basis of any combination of the flowing directions, it is
possible to make smoothly heat exchange with low pressure-loss and
enhance degree of freedom in design of a heat exchanger, thus
providing excellent versatility.
[0015] In the second aspect of the heat exchange plate of the
present invention, there may be adopted a structure in which the
protrusions are placed on a basis of a matrix arrangement in which
the protrusions are aligned at regular intervals on lines extending
in two directions that are perpendicular to each other, and the
recesses are placed on a basis of a similar matrix arrangement to
the matrix arrangement of the protrusions, in which one recess of
the plurality of recesses is placed in a center of a square defined
by four protrusions that are adjacent to each other by a shortest
distance; the protrusions and recesses that respectively continue
in diagonal lines of the metallic plate in the matrix arrangement
in which the protrusions and recesses are alternated at the regular
intervals have a sine wave shape in a cross section of the metallic
plate; and a central portion between closest adjacent two
protrusions and a central portion between closest adjacent two
recesses are level with an intermediate height between a bottom of
the recess and a top of the protrusion.
[0016] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the
protrusions are placed on the basis of the matrix arrangement in
which the protrusions are aligned at regular intervals on lines
extending in two directions that are perpendicular to each other,
and the recesses are placed on the basis of the similar matrix
arrangement, and the protrusions and recesses that respectively
continue in diagonal lines of the metallic plate in the matrix
arrangement in which the protrusions and recesses are alternated at
the regular intervals have a sine wave shape in a cross section of
the metallic plate, so as to determine the outer peripheral surface
of the protrusion and the inner peripheral surface of the recess.
This can provide formation of the curved structure in which regular
cyclic variation of the protrusions and recesses is caused in the
predetermined direction on the opposite surfaces of the plate. It
is therefore possible to reduce pressure loss between the plates,
even when the plates are used with any orientation, and achieve
smooth flow of the heat exchange fluids and smooth heat transfer,
thus improving heat exchange efficiency. In addition, such a curved
structure permits dispersion of force applied to the plate, thus
enhancing strength to cope with a fluid having a high pressure and
improving formability. When seawater is used as one of the heat
exchange fluids, which is introduced into the passage between the
plates, such a curved structure prevents fouling from attaching
thereto, thus avoiding deterioration of performance for a long
period of time.
[0017] In the third aspect of the heat exchange plate of the
present invention, the protrusions and recesses may be alternated
to form parallel rows that are in parallel with or perpendicular to
sides of the metallic plate having a rectangular or square shape,
thus providing the predetermined pattern of irregularity.
[0018] According to the third aspect of the present invention, the
protrusions and recesses are be alternated to form the parallel
rows that are in parallel with or perpendicular to sides of the
metallic plate having the rectangular or square shape. When the
plate is supported so that the side of the plate is placed in the
horizontal or vertical direction, linearly extending passage
sections that are defined as main passages between the combined
plates by the recesses and valley areas held between the adjacent
projections and are provided in an inclined state relative to the
vertical direction. As a result, the heat exchange fluids flowing
along the plates flow in the oblique direction, while repeating
divergence and confluence to spread smoothly over every area of the
plate. The heat exchange efficiency is therefore improved.
[0019] In the fourth aspect of the heat exchange plate of the
present invention, each of the protrusions may be provided at a top
thereof with a flat surface having a predetermined area.
[0020] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the
protrusion is provided at the top thereof with the flat surface.
When the plates are placed one upon another so that the flat
surfaces of the tops come into contact with each other, the
protrusions of the plates as combined are subjected to a surface
contact to provide stability. It is therefore possible to bring
reliably the protrusions into contact with each other without
causing deviation in a lateral direction, thus keeping a constant
direction between the plates and enhancing strength against fluid
pressure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange
plate according to the first embodiment of the present
invention;
[0022] FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the heat exchange plate
as shown in FIG. 1;
[0023] FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged perspective view of the heat
exchange plate as shown in FIG. 1;
[0024] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view cut along the line IV-IV in
FIG. 2;
[0025] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view cut along the line V-V in
FIG. 2;
[0026] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view cut along the line VI-VI in
FIG. 2;
[0027] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view cut along the line VII-VII
in FIG. 2;
[0028] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view cut along the line
VIII-VIII in FIG. 2; and
[0029] FIGS. 9 and 10 are structural views of gaps provided above
and below the heat exchange plate, respectively, according to the
first embodiment of the present invention in a state in which the
heat exchange plates are combined in parallel with each other.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0030] Now, an embodiment of the present invention will be
described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. FIG. 1
is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange plate according
to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a
partial enlarged view of the heat exchange plate as shown in FIG.
1; FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged perspective view of the heat
exchange plate as shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view
cut along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional
view cut along the line V-V in FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional
view cut along the line VI-VI in FIG. 2; FIG. 7 is a
cross-sectional view cut along the line VII-VII in FIG. 2; FIG. 8
is a cross-sectional view cut along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 2;
and FIGS. 9 and 10 are structural views of gaps provided above and
below the heat exchange plate, respectively, according to the first
embodiment of the present invention in a state in which the heat
exchange plates are combined in parallel with each other.
[0031] As shown in the above-mentioned figures, the heat exchange
plate 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is
formed of a metallic plate having a rectangular shape. The metallic
plate has a pattern of irregularity press-formed thereon, which
includes a plurality of protrusions 11 formed on the upper surface
of the plate and a plurality of recesses 12. The protrusions 11
have a predetermined bulge shape and placed on the basis of a
matrix arrangement in which these protrusions are aligned at
regular intervals. Each of the recesses 12 is placed between the
adjacent protrusions 11 so as to dent in the opposite direction to
the protruding direction of the protrusions 11.
[0032] The protrusions 11 for the pattern of irregularity are
aligned at the predetermined intervals in two directions that are
perpendicular to each other on the basis of the matrix arrangement
on the upper surface of the plate. Each of the protrusions 11 has
the same shape with a curved outer peripheral surface, which is a
rotational symmetry. Each of the protrusions 11 continues to the
other four adjacent protrusions with which the former protrusion 11
is surrounded. The protrusion 11 has a top 11a in the form of a
flat circle area and the remaining outer peripheral surface other
than the top 11a. The outer peripheral surface has a truncated
conical shape expanding downward from the top 11a.
[0033] The recesses 12 are placed on the basis of the similar
matrix arrangement to the protrusions 11, in which one recess 12 of
the plurality of recesses is placed in a center of a square defined
by four protrusions 11 that are adjacent to each other by a
shortest distance on the upper surface of the plate. Each recess 12
has a bottom 12a and a curved inner peripheral surface continuing
to the outer peripheral surfaces of the above-mentioned four
protrusions 11.
[0034] The outer peripheral surfaces of the protrusions 11 and the
inner peripheral surfaces of the recesses 12 that respectively
continue in diagonal lines of the metallic plate in the matrix
arrangement in which the protrusions 11 and recesses 12 are
alternated at the regular intervals have a sine wave shape in a
cross section of the metallic plate. Each protrusion 11 has a
curved surface that is formed by smoothly connecting the adjacent
recess 12 to the other adjacent protrusion 11. The inner peripheral
surface of each recess 12 has the same shaped portion continuing to
the outer peripheral surfaces of the adjacent protrusions 11. In
addition, the recess 12 smoothly continues at the inner peripheral
surface thereof to the four adjacent recesses 12. The recess 12 has
such a continuing surface to provide a rotational symmetrical
shape.
[0035] A central portion between closest adjacent two protrusions
11 and a central portion between closest adjacent two recesses 12
are transition curved portions 13 for smoothly connecting the
adjacent curved surfaces. Such transition curved portions 13 are
level with an intermediate height between a bottom of the recess 12
and a top of the protrusion 11. The outer peripheral surface of the
protrusion 11 smoothly continues directly to the inner peripheral
surface of the recess 12. The protrusion 11 and recess 12 continue
to the other closest adjacent protrusions 11 and recesses 12
through the transition curved portions 13, respectively. Such a
curved structure permits dispersion of force applied to the plate,
thus enhancing strength to cope with a fluid having a high pressure
and improving formability.
[0036] In the heat exchange plate 10 of the present invention, the
recesses 12 provide on the other (i.e., lower) surface of the
metallic plate with the same configuration as the protrusions 11
and the protrusions 11 provide on the surface of the metallic plate
with the same configuration as the recesses 12, so as to provide on
the opposite surfaces of the metallic plate with the same pattern
of irregularity.
[0037] Straight lines along which the protrusions 11 and the
recesses 12 are aligned, respectively, on the basis of the matrix
arrangement on the heat exchange plate 10 are inclined at an angle
of 45 degrees relative to the respective sides of the plate having
the rectangular shape, with the result that the diagonal lines
along which the protrusions 11 and the recesses 12 are alternated,
are just in parallel to or perpendicular to the respective sides of
the plate.
[0038] The above-described heat exchange plate 10 is placed on the
other heat exchange plate having the same structure so that they
face each other on the same side and the tops 11a of the
protrusions 11 of the former plate come into contact with the
corresponding tops of the protrusions of the latter plate, to form
a combined unit, and then the thus formed combined unit is combined
to the other combined units in the same manner, to form a heat
exchanger that has gaps, i.e., passages. The heat exchange fluids
flow in these passages to make heat exchange between one of these
fluids coming into contact with the upper surface of the plate and
the other of these fluids coming into contact with the lower
surface of thereof. The plates are combined integrally with each
other in this manner so that the protrusions come into contact with
each other, thus enhancing strength. As a result, even when a high
pressure is applied between the plates, the heat exchanger cannot
be easily deformed. Variation in distance between the plates can be
prevented, thus permitting to cope with a case in which there is a
large difference in pressure between the heat exchange fluids.
[0039] In the gap 14 formed between the two adjacent plates of the
thus combined plates in which the tops 11a of the protrusions 11 of
the plate come into contact with the tops 11a of the protrusions 11
of the other plate, the corresponding outer peripheral surfaces of
the protrusions 11 of these plates 10, excluding the contacting
tops 11a face each other with a predetermined distance kept
therebetween, the corresponding transition curved portions 13 of
these plates 10 face each other with a predetermined distance kept
therebetween, and the corresponding recesses 12 having a smaller
height than the transition curved portions 13 face each other with
a predetermined distance kept therebetween. Gaps formed between the
corresponding outer peripheral surfaces of the protrusions 12
communicate with gaps formed between the corresponding recesses 12
to form a straight passage. In such a passage, the flow passage
area between the corresponding recesses 12 is larger than the flow
passage area between the corresponding protrusions 12 so that the
passage extends linearly, while expanding and reducing in a
repeated manner. Such a passage intersects the other passages so as
to communicate therewith, thus providing a braided passage
structure (see FIG. 9).
[0040] On the other hand, in the gap 15 formed on the opposite side
relative to the plate, the same pattern of irregularity provides
the same structure with the result that the passage extends
linearly, while expanding and reducing in a repeated manner, and
such a passage intersects the other passages so as to communicate
therewith, thus providing a braided passage structure (see FIG. 10)
in the same manner as described above. When a heat exchanger
composed of the plates as combined in a manner as described above
is placed in use so that one of the both sides of each plate is
placed horizontally or vertically, the main passages, i.e., the
gaps each of which is defined by the alternating corresponding
recesses 12 and transition curved portions 13, are kept in an
inclined state. The plate is provided on the lower surface side
with the reverse pattern of irregularity to the upper surface side
so that the protrusions on the upper surface of the plate
correspond to the recesses on the lower surface of the plate on the
basis of the same pattern of irregularity. These plates are placed
one upon another on the same side, resulting in deviation of
position of the protrusions and recesses by a half length of the
distance between them. Except for this matter, the same conditions
are kept for each of the gaps between the plates.
[0041] Now, description will be given below of operation of the
heat exchanger that is composed of the heat exchange plates 10
according to the embodiment of the present invention. Heat exchange
is made between the two kinds of heat exchange fluids by
introducing one of these fluids into the gaps 14 formed between the
two adjacent plates of the unit in which the plates are place
paralelly one upon another and combined together, and discharging
it therefrom, on the one hand, and by introducing the other of
these fluids into the gaps 15 formed between the two adjacent
plates of the unit and discharging it therefrom, on the other
hand.
[0042] The gaps 14, 15 that are defined between the plates by
configurations of the protrusions 11 extend continuously and
linearly on the straight lines along which the protrusions 11 are
aligned, to form passage sections so that the passage section
intersects the other passage section so as to communicate
therewith, thus providing a braided passage structure. Even when a
flowing relationship of the heat exchange fluids, which flow in the
gaps 14, 15, respectively, is based on any one of a parallel
flowing system, a counter-flowing system and a cross flowing
system, it is therefore possible to cause the heat exchange fluids
to behave in flow in substantially the same manner to provide
substantially the same heat transfer performance. In addition, even
when the heat exchange fluids flow on the basis of any combination
of the flowing directions, it is possible to reduce pressure loss
in the passages so as to ensure smooth flow in the gaps 14, 15,
thus making effective heat exchange.
[0043] In an example case in which heat exchange fluids flow in
accordance with the counter-flowing system, there is formed, in the
gap 14 formed between the two adjacent plates of the combined
plates, a flow braided passage mainly including passage sections
that extend obliquely along the straight lines on which the
protrusions 11 and the recesses 12 are aligned, between the
corresponding recesses 12 having the lowest projection height and
between the corresponding transition curved portions 13 having the
intermediate projection height so that the heat exchange fluid
flows in this flow braided passage. On the other hand, in the other
gap 15 formed between the two adjacent plates of the combined
plates, a flow braided passage mainly including passage sections
that extend obliquely along the straight lines, between the
corresponding recesses 12, which are provided on the back side of
the protrusions 11, and between the corresponding transition curved
portions 13 so that the other heat exchange fluid flows in this
flow braided passage. As a result, the heat exchange fluids
introduced into the combined plates flows in the oblique direction
on the opposite surfaces of the heat transfer plate 10,
respectively, while repeating divergence and confluence to spread
smoothly over every area of the plate.
[0044] It is therefore possible to cause the heat exchange fluid to
spread over the entire area of the plate to facilitate the heat
transfer between the heat exchange fluids and improving the heat
exchange rate. In addition, the heat transfer fluids respectively
flow in the flow braided passages that have specific configurations
enabling the heat exchange fluids to flow, while repeating
divergence and confluence and have heat transfer performance as set
in contemplation of the characteristic properties of the heat
exchange fluids on the opposite surfaces of the plate. As a result,
heat transfer between the heat exchange fluids, which pass through
the similar gaps 14, 15 based on the pattern of irregularity in
view of the above-mentioned characteristic properties, through the
heat transfer plate 10 effectively progresses, thus remarkably
enhancing heat exchange efficiency between the fluids.
[0045] In the heat exchange plate according to the embodiment of
the present invention, the heat exchange plate 10 is provided on
the lower surface side with the reverse pattern of irregularity to
the upper surface side so that the protrusions on the upper surface
of the plate correspond to the recesses on the lower surface of the
plate on the basis of the same pattern of irregularity. When the
plate is placed on the other plate on the same side so that the
tops 11a of the protrusions 11 of the former plate come into
contact with the tops 11a of the protrusions 11 of the latter
plate, and such combination is repeated to form a combined unit,
the configuration of the plate, in which the protrusions 11 on the
upper surface of the plate correspond to the recesses 12 on the
lower surface of the plate, provides a passage having the
corresponding configuration, between the plates. It is therefore
possible to impart the same heat transfer environment on the
opposite surfaces of the plate to the heat transfer fluids passing
through the gaps 14, 15 between the plates. Accordingly, proper
heat transfer between the fluids through the plates can progress,
without being affected by flowing state of the fluids and
characteristic property thereof, thus permitting effective heat
exchange between the heat exchange fluids. In addition, the gaps
between the plates extend linearly on straight lines along which
the protrusions and recesses are aligned, while expanding and
reducing in a repeated manner, to form passage sections so that the
passage section intersects the other passage section so as to
communicate therewith, thus providing the braided passage
structure. Even when a flowing relationship of the heat exchange
fluids is based on any one of a parallel flowing system, a
counter-flowing system and a cross flowing system, it is therefore
possible to cause the heat exchange fluids to behave in flow in
substantially the same manner to provide substantially the same
heat transfer performance. In addition, even when the heat exchange
fluids flow on the basis of any combination of the flowing
directions, it is possible to make smoothly heat exchange with low
pressure-loss and enhance degree of freedom in design of a heat
exchanger, thus providing excellent versatility.
[0046] The heat exchange plate according to the embodiment of the
present invention may have any desired structure, except for the
heat transfer sections having the pattern of irregularity. More
specifically, the heat exchange plate may be used as a heat
exchange plate having a desired edge shape or a desired opening,
for a plate-type heat exchanger in which the plates are welded
together at their edges or for a plate-type heat exchanger in which
the plates are combined together through gasket members provided
between the adjacent two plates.
[0047] With respect to arrangement of the protrusions 11 and the
recesses for defining the pattern of irregularity, in the heat
exchange plate according to the embodiment of the present
invention, the plate has a structure based on the matrix
arrangement in which there are provided around one protrusion 11 or
recess 12 four protrusions 11 or recesses 12 so as to be placed at
regular intervals on the periphery through the transition curved
portions 13. The present invention is not limited only to such an
arrangement, and the plate may have, for example, a structure in
which, on the assumption that one of the protrusions is surrounded
by adjacent protrusions of the other protrusions and the adjacent
protrusions are placed at regular intervals on a circle around the
one protrusion and with the same central angle relative to the
center of the one protrusion, three recesses are placed around one
protrusion at regular intervals with the same central angle
relative to the center of the one protrusion, and in addition, six
protrusions are placed on the outer side of the three recesses at
regular intervals with the same central angle relative thereto so
that the recess is placed in the center of a triangle defined by
the closest three protrusions, so as to form a staggered
arrangement in the protrusions or recesses. The plate may have any
desired type of structure with arrangement in which each of the
main protrusions is combined with a predetermined number of
adjacent protrusions in this manner. It is therefore possible to
make precise adjustment so that the flow braided passages defined
by the adjacent two plates have suitable heat transfer performance
for the characteristic properties of the heat transfer fluids
introduced into the passages.
[0048] In the heat exchange plate according to the above-described
embodiment of the present invention, there is applied the pattern
of irregularity in which the straight line along which the
protrusions 31 are aligned is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees
relative to the respective sides of the plate having the
rectangular shape. However, the present invention is not limited
only to such an embodiment, there may be applied the pattern of
irregularity in which the straight line along which the protrusions
11 are aligned is in parallel with or perpendicular to the
respective sides of the plate having the rectangular shape, or
inclined at a predetermined angle relative thereto.
* * * * *