U.S. patent application number 10/552419 was filed with the patent office on 2006-08-24 for solid structure.
Invention is credited to Mitsuo Sasaki.
Application Number | 20060185296 10/552419 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 33295852 |
Filed Date | 2006-08-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060185296 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Sasaki; Mitsuo |
August 24, 2006 |
Solid structure
Abstract
A prefabricated solid structure provided with a frame including
struts arranged in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane, side
beams and upper side beams horizontally extending to couple the
struts together, and inner side beams coupling the side beams. The
frame is constituted by detachably fastening the struts, side beams
and upper side beams, and side beams and inner side beams together
all by using bolts and internally threaded members.
Inventors: |
Sasaki; Mitsuo; (Tokyo,
JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
SMITH, GAMBRELL & RUSSELL, LLP
1850 M STREET, N.W., SUITE 800
WASHINGTON
DC
20036
US
|
Family ID: |
33295852 |
Appl. No.: |
10/552419 |
Filed: |
April 8, 2004 |
PCT Filed: |
April 8, 2004 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP04/05093 |
371 Date: |
October 6, 2005 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/483.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B 2001/2451 20130101;
E04B 2001/2463 20130101; E04B 2001/2472 20130101; E04B 2001/2418
20130101; E04B 2001/2454 20130101; E04B 2001/2481 20130101; E04B
1/24 20130101; E04B 2001/2415 20130101; E04B 2001/2496 20130101;
E04B 2001/2484 20130101; E04B 2001/2466 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
052/483.1 |
International
Class: |
E04B 2/30 20060101
E04B002/30 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 11, 2003 |
JP |
2003-107179 |
Claims
1. A solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged
in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape, wherein:
corner struts arranged at the corners of the frame have a polygonal
shape in cross section, ends of side beams constituted by H-beams
having a web, an upper flange and a lower flange are coupled to the
inner side walls of the corner struts, the inner side walls meeting
at right angles to each other and facing in the horizontal
direction along the side edges of the frame meeting at right angles
to each other; a plurality of pairs of first internally threaded
members are buried between the inner side wall which is one of the
inner side walls of the corner strut and the outer side wall
positioned on the side opposite to the one inner side wall
maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction, the plurality
of first internally threaded members extending in parallel at the
same height maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction and
forming internally threaded holes at one end thereof in a manner
that the internally threaded holes are opened in the outer surface
of the one inner side wall, and a pair of through holes are formed
in each pair of the first internally threaded members maintaining a
distance in the axial direction, meeting the axes horizontally at
right angles, and extending in parallel with each other; a
plurality of pairs of second internally threaded members are buried
between the other inner side wall which is one of the inner side
walls of the corner strut and the other outer side wall positioned
on the side opposite to the other inner side wall maintaining a
distance in the up-and-down direction, the plurality of second
internally threaded members having axes common to the pair of axes
of the through holes formed in each pair of the first internally
threaded members and forming internally threaded holes at one end
thereof in a manner to penetrate through the through holes of the
corresponding pair of the first internally threaded members and so
as to be opened in the other inner side wall; rectangular coupling
plates are secured to the ends of the side beams at right angles
with the side beams coupled to the corner strut, and a plurality of
mounting holes are formed in the coupling plates on each side
divided by the web maintaining a distance in the up-and-down
direction; the one side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the-one inner side wall of
the corner strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the
coupling plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes
of the pairs of the first internally threaded members opened in the
one inner side wall of the corner strut, and is detachably fastened
to the one inner side wall of the corner strut by bringing the
bolts into engagement with the internally threaded holes through
the mounting holes; and the other side beam has the coupling plate
that is substantially brought into contact with the other inner
side wall of the corner strut in a manner that the mounting holes
of the coupling plate are in alignment with the internally threaded
holes of the pairs of the second internally threaded members opened
in the other inner side wall of the corner strut, and is detachably
fastened to the other inner side wall of the corner strut by
bringing the bolts into engagement with the internally threaded
holes through the mounting holes.
2. A solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged
in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape, wherein:
side struts arranged between the corner struts arranged at the
corners of the frame have a polygonal-shape in cross section, ends
of side beams constituted by H-beams having a web, an upper flange
and a lower flange are coupled to the side walls of the side
struts, the side walls facing in a horizontal direction along the
side edges of the frame; a plurality of pairs of internally
threaded members are buried between the side walls of the side
struts maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction, the
plurality of internally threaded members extending in parallel at
the same height maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction
and having internally threaded holes at both ends thereof in a
manner that the internally threaded holes are opened in the
corresponding side walls; rectangular coupling plates are secured
to the ends of the side beams at right angles with the side beams,
and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the coupling plates
on either side divided by the web maintaining a distance in the
up-and-down direction; the one side beam has the coupling plate
that is substantially brought into contact with the one side wall
of the side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the
coupling plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes
opened in the one side wall of the side strut, and is detachably
fastened to the one side wall of the side strut by bringing the
bolts into engagement with the internally threaded holes of the
internally threaded members through the mounting holes; and the
other side beam has the coupling plate that is substantially
brought into contact with the other side wall of the side strut in
a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling plate are in
alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in the other
side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened to the
other side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes of the internally
threaded members through the mounting holes.
3. A solid structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper
surfaces of the side beams are positioned substantially at the same
height..
4. A solid structure according to claim 3, wherein the side beams
have substantially the same shape and the same size in cross
section.
5. A solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged
in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape, wherein:
side struts arranged between the corner struts arranged at the
corners of the frame have a polygonal shape in cross section, ends
of one inner side beam and of two side beams constituted by H-beams
having a web, an upper flange and a lower flange are coupled to the
inner side walls of the side struts facing the inside of the solid
space of the frame and to the side walls thereof facing in the
horizontal direction along the side edges of the frame; a plurality
of pairs of first internally threaded members are buried between
the side walls of the side struts maintaining a distance in the
up-and-down direction, the plurality of first internally threaded
members extending in parallel at the same height maintaining a
distance in the horizontal direction and having internally threaded
holes at both end thereof in a manner that the internally threaded
holes are opened in the side walls, and a pair of through holes are
formed in each pair of the first internally threaded members
maintaining a distance in the axial direction, meeting the axes
horizontally at right angles, and extending in parallel with each
other; a plurality of pairs of second internally threaded members
are buried between the inner side wall of the side strut and the
outer side wall positioned on the side opposite to the inner side
wall having axes common to the pair of axes of the through holes
formed in each pair of the first internally threaded members and
forming internally threaded holes at one end thereof in a manner to
penetrate through the corresponding pair of through holes of the
first internally threaded members and so as to be opened in the
inner side wall; rectangular coupling plates are secured to the
ends of the inner side beam and of the side beams at right angles
with the inner side beam and with the side beams coupled to the
side strut, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the
coupling plates on each side divided by the web maintaining a
distance in the up-and-down direction; the one side beam has the
coupling plate that is substantially brought into contact with the
one side wall of the side strut in a manner that the mounting holes
of the coupling plate are in alignment with the internally threaded
holes opened in one side wall of the side strut, and is detachably
fastened to the one side wall of the side strut by bringing the
bolts into engagement with the internally threaded holes on one
side of the pairs of the first internally threaded members through
the mounting holes; the other side beam has the coupling plate that
is substantially brought into contact with the other side wall of
the side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling
plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in
the other side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened
to the other side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the other internally threaded holes of the pairs of
the first internally threaded members through the mounting holes;
and the inner side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the inner side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling
plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in
the inner side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened
to the inner side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes of the pairs of the
second internally threaded members through the mounting holes.
6. A solid structure according to claim 5, wherein the upper
surfaces of the inner side beam and of the side beams are
positioned substantially at the same height.
7. A solid structure according to claim 6, wherein the inner side
beam and the side beams have substantially the same shape and the
same size in cross section.
8. A solid structure according to claim 1, wherein the corner
struts and the side struts are constituted by metallic pipes having
a square shape in cross section, and the internally threaded
members are made of a metal and are inserted and secured by welding
in the through holes formed in the corner struts and in the side
struts.
9. A solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged
in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape, wherein:
at least the upper ends of the corner struts arranged at the
corners of the frame are constituted by polygonal metallic pipes,
ends of the upper side beam made of a metallic pipe having a square
shape in cross section are coupled to the inner side walls at the
upper end of the corner strut meeting at right angles with each
other, the inner side surfaces facing in the horizontal direction
along the side edges meeting at right angles of the frame; a pair
of mounting holes are formed at the upper ends of the one inner
side wall and of the other inner side wall of the corner strut at
the same height maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction;
rectangular coupling plates are secured to the ends of the upper
side beams at right angles with the upper side beams coupled to the
corner strut, and a pair of internally threaded holes are formed in
the coupling plates maintaining a distance in the horizontal
direction; the one upper side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the one inner side wall of
the corner strut in a manner that the internally threaded holes of
the coupling plates are in alignment with the mounting holes in one
side wall of the corner strut, and is detachably fastened to the
one inner side wall of the corner strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes from the upper open
end of the corner strut through the mounting holes; and the other
upper side beam has the coupling plate that is substantially
brought into contact with the other inner side wall of the corner
strut in a manner that the internally threaded holes of the
coupling plates are in alignment with the mounting holes in the
other side wall of the corner strut, and is detachably fastened to
the other inner side wall of the corner strut by bringing the bolts
into engagement with the internally threaded holes from the upper
open end of the corner strut through the mounting holes.
10. A solid structure according to claim 9, wherein the upper
surfaces of the corner strut and of the upper side beams are
positioned substantially at the same height.
11. A solid structure-according to claim 10, wherein the upper side
beams have substantially the same shape and the same size in cross
section.
12. A solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged
in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape, wherein:
at least the upper ends of the side struts arranged between the
corner struts arranged at the corners of the frame are made of
metallic pipes having a polygonal shape in cross section, an end of
an upper side beam constituted by an H-beam having a web, an upper
flange and a lower flange is coupled to the inner side wall at the
upper end of the side strut, the side wall facing the inside of the
solid space of the frame, and the ends of the upper side beam made
of a metallic pipe having a square shape in cross section are
coupled to the side walls at the upper end of the side strut, the
side walls facing in the horizontal direction along the side edges
of the frames; a plurality of pairs of internally threaded members
are buried between the inner side wall of the side strut and the
outer side wall positioned on the side opposite to the inner side
wall at the same height in parallel maintaining a distance in the
horizontal direction, the plurality of internally threaded members
having the internally threaded holes that are opened in the inner
side wall; a pair of mounting holes are formed at the same height
maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction at the upper
ends of the side walls of the side strut at positions higher than
the internal threaded members; rectangular coupling plates are
secured to the ends of the upper inner side beams at right angles
with the upper inner side beams which are coupled to the upper ends
of the inner side walls of the side struts, and a plurality of
mounting holes are formed in the coupling plates on either side
divided by the web maintaining a distance in the up-and-down
direction; rectangular coupling plates are secured to the ends of
the upper side beams at right angles with the upper side beams
which are coupled to the side walls at the upper ends of the side
struts, and a pair of internally threaded holes are formed in the
coupling plate at the same height maintaining a distance in the
up-and-down direction; the upper inner side beam has the coupling
plate that is substantially brought into contact with the inner
side wall of the side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of
the coupling plate are in alignment with the internally threaded
holes opened in the inner side wall of the side strut, and is
detachably fastened to the inner side wall of the side strut by
bringing the bolts into engagement with the internally threaded
holes of the pairs of the internally threaded members through the
mounting holes; the one upper side beam has the coupling plate that
is substantially brought into contact with the one side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the internally threaded holes of the
coupling plate are in alignment with the mounting holes in one side
wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened to the one side
wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into engagement with
the internally threaded holes through the mounting holes; and the
other upper side beam has the coupling plate that is substantially
brought into contact with the other side wall of the side strut in
a manner that the internally threaded holes of the coupling plate
are in alignment with the mounting holes in the other side wall of
the side strut, and is detachably fastened to the other side wall
of the side strut by bringing the bolts into engagement with the
internally threaded holes through the mounting holes.
13. A solid structure according to claim 12, wherein the upper
surfaces of the upper side beams and of the upper inner side beam
are positioned substantially at the same height.
14. A solid structure according to claim 13, wherein the upper side
beams have substantially the same shape and the same size in cross
section.
15. A solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged
in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape, wherein:
one or a plurality of rectangular side edge spaces are formed in
each of a plurality of side edge regions formed in the frame, the
one or the plurality of spaces being surrounded by a pair of side
beams facing each other in the up-and-down direction and by a pair
of struts facing each other in a horizontal direction, and one or a
plurality of rectangular side wall units are fitted to all side
edge spaces or to at least all side edge spaces excluding the one
in the frame; hollow mounting members are integrally arranged at
the corners of the side wall unit and at the side edges, the hollow
mounting members having a square shape in cross section and being
constituted by four side walls having a predetermined thickness and
a width in the axial direction, and the hollow mounting members
being so arranged that the axes thereof are directed to both
surfaces of the side wall unit; mounting holes are formed in the
two side walls facing outward of the side wall unit, the two side
walls meeting at right angles with each other in the hollow
mounting members arranged at the corners of the side wall unit, and
mounting holes are formed in one side wall facing outward of the
side wall unit in the hollow mounting members arranged at the side
edges of the side wall unit; internally threaded members forming
threaded holes at an end thereof are arranged in the pair of side
beams and in the pair of struts defining the side edge space at
positions corresponding to the mounting holes of the hollow
mounting members in one or a plurality of side wall units fitted to
the side edge space, the hollow mounting members facing the pair of
side beams and the pair of struts in a manner that the internally
threaded holes are opened in the side edge space, wherein when the
side wall unit is fitted into the side edge space, the mounting
holes of the hollow mounting members are brought into alignment
with the internally threaded holes of the corresponding internally
threaded members, and in this state, the side wall unit is
detachably fastened to the pair of side beams and to the pair of
struts by bringing the bolts into engagement with the internally
threaded holes of the corresponding internally threaded members
through the mounting holes.
16. A solid structure according to claim 15, wherein the two side
walls meeting at right angles of the hollow mounting member
arranged at a corner of the side wall unit or the two side walls
facing outward of the side wall unit, define a portion of the side
walls of the side wall unit meeting at right angles at the corner
of the side wall unit; and one side wall of the hollow mounting
member arranged along the side edge of the side wall unit or the
one side wall facing outward of the side wall unit, defines a
portion of the side wall along the side edge of the side wall
unit.
17. A solid structure according to claim 15, wherein the side wall
unit includes two side frames extending at right angles along the
two side edges from the hollow mounting member arranged at a
corner, and brace frames extending aslant relative to the two side
frames; and a substantially right-angled triangle is formed by two
side frames and by the brace frames as viewing the side wall unit
on a plane.
18. A solid structure according to claim 15, wherein the hollow
mounting members are formed by cutting a square metallic pipe which
is a common part.
19. A solid structure according to claim 15, wherein the hollow
mounting members are integrally made of cast iron that can be
welded, braces are provided at four corners of each hollow mounting
member spanning across the two side walls that are meeting at right
angles with each other, the brace has a predetermined thickness and
a width in the axial direction same as that of the two side walls,
and the brace forms a right-angled triangle relative to the two
side walls as viewing the hollow mounting members in the axial
direction.
20. A solid structure according to claim 15, wherein the upper side
beam and the pair of struts defining the side edge space are
constituted by metallic pips having a square shape in cross
section, and the internally threaded members are made of a metal
and are inserted in the through holes formed in the upper side beam
and in the pair of struts and are secured therein by welding.
21. A solid structure according to claim 15, wherein the lower side
beam defining the side edge space is constituted by an H-beam
having a web, an upper flange and a lower flange; mounting holes
are formed in the lower side beam at positions corresponding to the
mounting holes of the hollow mounting members of the side wall
unit, the mounting holes being in concentric with the axis that
passes through the center of the web in the direction of width and
meets the upper and lower flanges at right angles, and the mounting
holes extending from the upper surface of the upper flange up to
the upper end of the web; and the internally threaded members are
inserted in the corresponding mounting holes in a manner that the
internally threaded holes are opened in the upper surface of the
upper flange and are secured therein by welding.
22. A solid structure according to claim 15, wherein a plurality of
side wall units are fitted into the side edge space so as to be
neighboring each other; in the side wall units neighboring each
other, the side walls of the hollow mounting members constituting a
portion of side walls facing each other are so positioned as to be
opposed to each other in a manner that the mounting holes thereof
are aligned to each other; and the side wall units neighboring each
other are detachably fastened together by inserting the bolts in
the aligned mounting holes of the hollow mounting members that are
opposed to each other and engaging nuts therewith.
23. A solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged
in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape, wherein:
the frame has a plurality of rectangular floor spaces surrounded by
four beams, a rectangular floor unit is mounted on each floor
space, the peripheral edges of the floor unit are constituted by
frame members having a vertical wall and a flange extending outward
from the upper end of the vertical wall at right angles, and each
floor unit is fitted to the floor space from the upper side, the
peripheral flanges are placed on the upper surfaces of the four
beams defining the floor space, and the vertical walls are
detachably fastened to the corresponding beams by using bolts and
internally threaded members.
24. A solid structure according to claim 23, wherein the four beams
defining the floor spaces are constituted by H-beams having a web,
an upper flange and a lower flange; the support plates are secured
by welding between the opposing ends of the upper flange and the
lower flange at portions where the floor units are coupled to the
four beams; internally threaded members forming internally threaded
holes at one end thereof are secured by welding between the support
plates and the side surface of the web in a manner that the
internally threaded holes are opened in the outer surface of the
support plates; mounting holes are formed in the vertical walls of
the floor units so as to be corresponded to the internally threaded
holes of the internally threaded members; and the floor units are
detachably fastened to the four beams defining the corresponding
floor spaces by bringing the bolts into engagement with the
internally threaded holes of the internally threaded members
through the mounting holes in a state where the floor units are
fitted into the corresponding floor spaces from the upper side.
25. A solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged
in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape, wherein:
the frame includes upper side beams that couple the upper ends of
the struts facing each other and define rectangular peripheral
edges together with the struts as viewed on a plane, and a
rectangular upper space surrounded by the struts and by the upper
side beams; a plurality of rectangular roof units are mounted on
the upper ends of the frame so as to cover the upper space from the
upper side; end-engaging flange means are arranged on the lower
surfaces at both ends in the lengthwise direction of the roof units
hanging down from the lower surfaces; the roof units are mounted at
their both ends on at least one upper side beam defining a pair of
side edges that are facing each other of the frame; and the
end-engaging flange means are positioned being overlapped on the
inner sides and/or on the outer sides of the corresponding upper
side beams and are detachably fastened by bolts and internally
threaded members, so that the roof units neighboring each other
cover the upper space from the upper side.
26. A solid structure according to claim 25, wherein each
end-engaging flange means comprises an end-engaging flange hanging
down from the lower surfaces at both ends in the lengthwise
direction of the roof unit or comprises a pair of end-engaging
flanges hanging down from the lower surfaces at both ends in the
lengthwise direction of the roof unit and are extending in parallel
in the direction of width maintaining a distance in the lengthwise
direction.
27. A solid structure according to claim 25, wherein one
side-engaging flange means is hanging down from the lower surface
on one side in the direction of width of the roof unit of the one
side and is extending in the lengthwise direction, the roof unit of
the one side being positioned on one side in a direction which is
in agreement with the direction of width of the roof units in the
upper space; the roof unit of the one side is positioned with its
one side-engaging flange means being overlapped on the inner side
and/or the outer side of at least one upper side beam that defines
the one side edge of the another pair of side edges facing each
other of the frame and is detachably fastened by bolts and
internally threaded members; the other side-engaging flange means
is hanging down from the lower surface on the other side of the
roof unit of the other side in the direction of width and is
extending in the lengthwise direction, the roof unit of the other
side being positioned on other side in a direction which is in
agreement with the direction of width of the roof units in the
upper space; and the roof unit of the other side is positioned with
its other side-engaging flange means being overlapped on the inner
side and/or the outer side of at least one upper side beam that
defines the other side edge of the another pair of side edges
facing each other of the frame and is detachably fastened by bolts
and internally threaded members.
28. A solid structure according to claim 27, wherein the one
side-engaging flange means comprises a one side-engaging flange
hanging down from the lower surface on one side of the roof unit in
the direction of width or a pair of one side-engaging flanges
hanging down from the lower surface thereof on one side in the
direction of width and are extending in parallel in the lengthwise
direction maintaining a distance in the direction of width; and the
other side-engaging flange means comprises an other side-engaging
flange hanging down from the lower surface on the other side of the
roof unit in the direction of width or a pair of other
side-engaging flanges hanging down from the lower surface thereof
on the other side in the direction of width and are extending in
parallel in the lengthwise direction maintaining a distance in the
direction of width.
29. A solid structure according to claim 25, wherein a ceiling
panel member is arranged on the lower surfaces of the roof units
and at least on the inner region of the end-engaging flange means,
or on the lower surface of the roof unit of the one side and on at
least the inner regions of the end-engaging flange means and of the
one side-engaging flange means, or on the lower surface of the roof
unit of the other side and on at least the inner regions of the
end-engaging flange means and of the other side-engaging flange
means.
30. A solid structure according to claim 25, wherein the roof unit
comprises: channel plates that are arranged in a rectangular shape
to define the peripheral edges and having open ends that are
directed inward, the channel plates having a vertical wall and an
upper flange and a lower flange that are folded at right angles
toward the insides from the upper end and the lower end of the
vertical wall; transverse beams arranged between the vertical walls
of the channel plates facing each other in the direction of width
of the roof unit maintaining a distance in the lengthwise direction
of the roof unit in a manner that the height thereof gradually
increases from a position close to one end of the roof unit up to a
position close to the other end in the lengthwise direction; a
trough member arranged at one end in the lengthwise direction of
the roof unit, stretching between the vertical walls of the channel
plates facing each other in the direction of width of the roof
unit, and having a drain port formed in the bottom thereof; and at
least one roof plate mounted on the transverse beams so as to
extend from the other end up to the one end in the lengthwise
direction of the roof unit in a manner of being inclined downward,
the end of the roof plate having the smallest height in the
lengthwise direction being positioned on the trough member.
31. A solid structure according to claim 25, wherein the roof unit
comprises: channel plates that are arranged in a rectangular shape
to define the peripheral edges and having open ends that are
directed inward, the channel plates having a vertical wall and an
upper flange and a lower flange that are folded at right angles
toward the insides from the upper end and the lower end of the
vertical wall; transverse beams arranged between the vertical walls
of the channel plates facing each other in the direction of width
of the roof unit maintaining a distance in the lengthwise direction
of the roof unit in a manner that the height thereof gradually
increases from a position close to one end and from a position
close to the other end of the roof unit in the lengthwise direction
up to a central position of the roof unit in the lengthwise
direction; trough members arranged at one end and at the other end
in the lengthwise direction of the roof unit, stretching between
the vertical walls of the channel plates facing each other in the
direction of width of the roof unit, and having drain ports formed
in the bottoms thereof; and at least one roof plate of the one side
mounted on the transverse beams so as to extend from the center to
the one end of the roof unit in the lengthwise direction in a
manner of being inclined downward, and at least one roof plate of
the other side mounted on the transverse beams so as to extend from
the center to the other end of the roof unit in the lengthwise
direction in a manner of being inclined downward, the lower end of
the roof plate of the one side having the smallest height in the
lengthwise direction and the lower end of the other roof plate
having the smallest height in the lengthwise direction being
positioned on the corresponding trough members.
32. A solid structure according to claim 31, wherein the one side
edge in the direction of width of the roof unit of the one side is
positioned midway in the direction of width of at least one upper
side beam defining the one side edge of the other pair of side
edges facing each other of the frame, and midway in the direction
of width of the struts positioned on the extensions of the upper
side beams, the roof unit of the one side being positioned on the
one side in the direction in agreement with the direction of width
of the roof units in the upper space; the other side of the trough
unit of the one side of a rectangular shape on a plane having a
drain port in the bottom is detachably attached to the one side of
the roof unit of the one side in the direction of width; and the
trough unit of the one side includes a channel plate arranged in a
rectangular shape having a length nearly equal to the roof unit of
the one side in the lengthwise direction and having an open end
facing inward, the channel plate being constituted by a vertical
wall, and an upper flange and a lower flange folded inward at right
angles from the upper end and the lower end of the vertical wall,
and a trough member that extends between the vertical walls of the
channel plate facing in the lengthwise direction of the trough unit
of the one side and having a drain port in the bottom thereof.
33. A solid structure according to claim 32, wherein the height of
the channel plate defining the other side in the direction of width
of the trough unit of the one side is selected to be substantially
the same as the height of the channel plate defining the one side
in the direction of width of the roof unit of the one side; a
mounting member having a mounting piece is secured to the channel
plate defining the other side in the direction of width of the
trough unit of the one side, the mounting piece hanging down from
the lower surface of the channel plate; the trough unit of the one
side has the outer surface of the vertical wall of the channel
plate defining the other side in the direction of width of the
trough unit of the one side that is overlapped on the outer surface
of the vertical wall of the channel plate defining the one side in
the direction of width of the roof unit of the one side, and is
detachably fastened by using bolts and nuts; the bottom surface of
the channel plate defining the other side in the direction of width
of the trough unit of the one side is placed on the upper surfaces
of the upper side beams and of the struts; and the mounting piece
is overlapped on the outer side walls of the upper side beams and
of the struts, and is detachable fastened to the upper side beams
by using bolts and internally threaded members.
34. A solid structure according to claim 31, wherein the other side
edge in the direction of width of the roof unit of the other side
is positioned midway in the direction of width of at least one
upper side beam defining the other side edge of the other pair of
side edges facing each other of the frame, and midway in the
direction of width of the struts positioned on the extensions of
the upper side beams, the roof unit of the other side being
positioned on the other side in the direction in agreement with the
direction of width of the roof units in the upper space; the one
side of the trough unit of the other side of a rectangular shape on
a plane having a drain port in the bottom is detachably attached to
the other side of the roof unit of the other side in the direction
of width; and the trough unit of the other side includes a channel
plate arranged in a rectangular shape having a length nearly equal
to the roof unit of the other side in the lengthwise direction and
having an open end facing inward, the channel plate being
constituted by a vertical wall, and an upper flange and a lower
flange folded inward at right angles from the upper end and the
lower end of the vertical wall, and a trough member that extends
between the vertical walls of the channel plate facing in the
lengthwise direction of the trough unit of the other side and
having a drain port in the bottom thereof.
35. A solid structure according to claim 34, wherein the height of
the channel plate defining the one side in the direction of width
of the trough unit of the other side is selected to be
substantially the same as the height of the channel plate defining
the other side in the direction of width of the trough unit of the
other side; a mounting member having a mounting piece is secured to
the channel plate defining the one side in the direction of width
of the trough unit of the other side, the mounting piece hanging
down from the lower surface of the channel plate; the trough unit
of the other side has the outer surface of the vertical wall of the
channel plate defining the one side in the direction of width of
the trough unit of the other side that is overlapped on the outer
surface of the vertical wall of the channel plate defining the
other side in the direction of width of the roof unit of the other
side, and is detachably fastened by using bolts and nuts; the
bottom surface of the channel plate defining the one side in the
direction of width of the trough unit of the other side is placed
on the upper surfaces of the upper side beams and of the struts;
and the mounting piece is overlapped on the outer side walls of the
upper side beams and of the struts, and is detachably fastened to
the upper side beams by using bolts and internally threaded
members.
36. A solid structure according to claim 26, wherein internally
threaded members extending in a horizontal direction and forming
internally threaded holes at the one end and/or the other end
thereof, are buried in the portions of the upper side beams
defining the pair of side edges facing each other of the frame
coupled to the roof units, in a manner that the internally threaded
holes are opened in the inner side walls and/or the outer side
walls of the corresponding upper side beams facing the upper space;
mounting holes are formed in an end-engaging flange or in one or
both of a pair of the end-engaging flanges arranged at both ends of
the roof units in the lengthwise direction so as to be corresponded
to the internally threaded members; and the one end-engaging flange
or the pair of end-engaging flanges of the roof units are
detachably fastened to the inner side walls and/or the outer side
walls of the corresponding upper side beams by bringing the bolts
into engagement with the threaded holes of the corresponding
internally threaded members through the mounting piece.
37. A solid structure according to claim 27, wherein internally
threaded members extending in a horizontal direction and forming
internally threaded holes at the one end and/or the other end
thereof, are buried in the portions of the upper side beams
defining the other pair of side edges facing each other of the
frame coupled to the roof unit of the one side or to the roof unit
of the other side, in a manner that the internally threaded holes
are opened in the inner side walls and/or the outer side walls of
the corresponding upper side beams facing the upper space; mounting
holes are formed in a one side-engaging flange or in one or both of
a pair of the one side-engaging flanges arranged on one side of the
roof unit of the one side and in an other side-engaging flange or
in one or both of a pair of the other side-engaging flanges
arranged on the other side of the roof unit of the other side so as
to be corresponded to the internally threaded members; and the one
side-engaging flange or one or both of the pair of the one
side-engaging flanges and the other side-engaging flange or one or
both of the pair of the other side-engaging flanges are detachably
fastened to the inner side walls and/or the outer side walls of the
corresponding upper side beams by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the threaded holes of the corresponding internally
threaded members through the mounting piece.
38. A solid structure according to claim 33, wherein internally
threaded members extending in a horizontal direction and forming
internally threaded holes at the one end thereof, are buried in the
portions of the upper side beams coupled to the trough unit of the
one side and to the trough unit of the other side, in a manner that
the internally threaded holes are opened in the outer side walls of
the corresponding upper side beams; mounting holes are formed in
the mounting pieces of the channel plates defining the other side
in the direction of width of the trough unit of the one side and
defining the one side in the direction of width of the trough unit
of the other side; and the mounting pieces are secured to the outer
side walls of the upper side beams by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the threaded holes of the corresponding internally
threaded members through the mounting pieces.
39. A solid structure according to claim 36, wherein the upper side
beams are constituted by metallic pipes having a square shape in
cross section, and the internally threaded members are made of a
metal and are inserted in the through holes formed in the upper
side beams and are secured therein by welding.
40. A solid structure according to claim 30, wherein a seal plate
member is detachably mounted on the upper end between the vertical
walls of the channel plates facing each other of the roof units
neighboring each other, the seal plate member being made of a metal
having elasticity and including a flat plate-like sealing substrate
having a predetermined width, both end flanges extending from both
ends of the sealing substrate in the direction of width into the
side of one surface at right angles with the one surface, and a
central flange extending from the center of the sealing substrate
in the direction of width into the side of one surface at right
angles with the one surface; the distance between the central
flange and both end flanges is slightly larger than the width of
the upper flanges of the channel plates facing each other of the
roof units neighboring each other; the channel plates are fastened
together by bolts and nuts in a state where the central flange of
the seal plate member is inserted from the upper side into between
the vertical walls of the channel plates facing each other and
where the sealing substrate is placed on the upper surfaces of the
upper flanges of the channel plates in the neighboring roof units;
and both end flanges of the seal plate member are folded in the
directions to approach each other with the ends of the upper
flanges of the channel plates as fulcrums.
41. A solid structure according to claim 1, wherein the frame is
constituted by detachably fastening the struts and the beams
together all by using bolts and internally threaded members, or is
constituted by detachably fastening the struts and the beams
together, and the beams and the beams together all by using bolts
and internally threaded members.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention is concerned with a solid structure
that can be used as an office, a working place, a temporary house,
a lodging house, a store, a warehouse, a factory, or as a structure
of which the upper part can be used as internal space (e.g.,
office, domicile, working place) and the lower part can be used as
external space such as garage, and for many other purposes.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] There has heretofore been proposed a solid structure (for
example, a solid parking lot) by arranging assembly elements for
corners, assembly elements for sides and assembly elements for
centers, which are the poles, at required positions, coupling beams
across the upper ends of these assembly elements, and coupling
braces among the lower ends thereof (see Japanese Examined Patent
Publication (Kokoku) No. 06-015786 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,800,694).
This solid structure has excellent characteristics in that it can
be assembled and disassembled within relatively short periods of
time at relatively low costs without at all requiring buried
foundation structures yet featuring a sufficient degree of strength
and rigidity as a solid structure.
[0005] In the above solid structure, however, the assembly elements
for corners, assembly elements for sides and assembly elements for
centers are still relatively heavy, requiring relatively laborious
assembling operation. Therefore, the above solid structure has been
improved over its preceding structures in regard to the assembling
period and total cost, which, however, is not still satisfactory
enough. Besides, in addition to relatively heavy assembly elements,
the structures of the individual elements are not simple arousing
problems such as large space is required for storage, cost of
storage becomes high, transportation to the site of assembly
involves difficulty and increased cost. Besides, though the solid
structure can be favorably used as a solid parking lot or as a
solid bicycle parking lot, its use is still relatively narrow
leaving room for improvement in this respect, too.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel
solid structure which makes it possible to easily and quickly carry
out the assembling operation on the site of assembly, to shorten
the period for assembling, and to decrease the total cost.
[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a
novel solid structure which makes it possible to easily and quickly
carry out the disassembling operation on the site of assembly, and
to shorten the period for disassembling and removal.
[0008] A further object of the present invention is to provide a
novel solid structure of which the individual constituent elements
and the whole constitution are relatively light in weight and are
simple yet maintaining a sufficiently large strength.
[0009] A still further object of the present invention is to
provide a novel solid structure of which the entire constituent
elements can be assembled by using bolts and internally threaded
members.
[0010] A yet further object of the present invention is to provide
a novel solid structure which requires a reduced space for storage
and a decreased cost for storage.
[0011] A further object of the present invention is to provide a
novel solid structure which can be easily transported to the site
of assembly decreasing the cost of transportation.
[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a
novel solid structure which can be used for a variety of purposes,
such as an office, a working place, a temporary house, a lodging
house, a store, a warehouse, a factory and the like.
[0013] According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided
a solid structure provided with a frame having struts arranged in a
rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams extending
horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming a solid
space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape,
wherein:
[0014] corner struts arranged at the corners of the frame have a
polygonal shape in cross section, ends of side beams constituted by
H-beams having a web, an upper flange and a lower flange are
coupled to the inner side walls of the corner struts, the inner
side walls meeting at right angles to each other and facing in the
horizontal direction along the side edges of the frame meeting at
right angles to each other;
[0015] a plurality of pairs of first internally threaded members
are buried between the inner side wall which is one of the inner
side walls of the corner strut and the outer side wall positioned
on the side opposite to the one inner side wall maintaining a
distance in the up-and-down direction, the plurality of first
internally threaded members extending in parallel at the same
height maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction and
forming internally threaded holes at one end thereof in a manner
that the internally threaded holes are opened in the outer surface
of the one inner side wall, and a pair of through holes are formed
in each pair of the first internally threaded members maintaining a
distance in the axial direction, meeting the axes horizontally at
right angles, and extending in parallel with each other;
[0016] a plurality of pairs of second internally threaded members
are buried between the other inner side wall which is one of the
inner side walls of the corner strut and the other outer side wall
positioned on the side opposite to the other inner side wall
maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction, the plurality
of second internally threaded members having axes common to the
pair of axes of the through holes formed in each pair of the first
internally threaded members and forming internally threaded holes
at one end thereof in a manner to penetrate through the through
holes of the corresponding pair of the first internally threaded
members and so as to be opened in the other inner side wall;
[0017] rectangular coupling plates are secured to the ends of the
side beams at right angles with the side beams coupled to the
corner strut, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the
coupling plates on each side divided by the web maintaining a
distance in the up-and-down direction;
[0018] the one side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the one inner side wall of
the corner strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the
coupling plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes
of the pairs of the first internally threaded members opened in the
one inner side wall of the corner strut, and is detachably fastened
to the one inner side wall of the corner strut by bringing the
bolts into engagement with the internally threaded holes through
the mounting holes; and
[0019] the other side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the other inner side wall
of the corner strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the
coupling plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes
of the pairs of the second internally threaded members opened in
the other inner side wall of the corner strut, and is detachably
fastened to the other inner side wall of the corner strut by
bringing the bolts into engagement with the internally threaded
holes through the mounting holes.
[0020] According to another aspect of the invention, there is
provided a solid structure provided with a frame having struts
arranged in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams
extending horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming
a solid space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape,
wherein:
[0021] side struts arranged between the corner struts arranged at
the corners of the frame have a polygonal shape in cross section,
ends of side beams constituted by H-beams having a web, an upper
flange and a lower flange are coupled to the side walls of the side
struts, the side walls facing in a horizontal direction along the
side edges of the frame;
[0022] a plurality of pairs of internally threaded members are
buried between the side walls of the side struts maintaining a
distance in the up-and-down direction, the plurality of internally
threaded members extending in parallel at the same height
maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction and having
internally threaded holes at both ends thereof in a manner that the
internally threaded holes are opened in the corresponding side
walls;
[0023] rectangular coupling plates are secured to the ends of the
side beams at right angles with the side beams, and a plurality of
mounting holes are formed in the coupling plates on either side
divided by the web maintaining a distance in the up-and-down
direction;
[0024] the one side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the one side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling
plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in
the one side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened to
the one side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes of the internally
threaded members through the mounting holes; and
[0025] the other side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the other side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling
plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in
the other side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened
to the other side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes of the internally
threaded members through the mounting holes.
[0026] It is desired that the upper surfaces of the side beams are
positioned substantially at the same height.
[0027] It is desired that the side beams have substantially the
same shape and the same size in cross section.
[0028] According to a further aspect of the invention, there is
provided a solid structure provided with a frame having struts
arranged in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams
extending horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming
a solid space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape,
wherein:
[0029] side struts arranged between the corner struts arranged at
the corners of the frame have a polygonal shape in cross section,
ends of one inner side beam and of two side beams constituted by
H-beams having a web, an upper flange and a lower flange are
coupled to the inner side walls of the side struts facing the
inside of the solid space of the frame and to the side walls
thereof facing in the horizontal direction along the side edges of
the frame;
[0030] a plurality of pairs of first internally threaded members
are buried between the side walls of the side struts maintaining a
distance in the up-and-down direction, the plurality of first
internally threaded members extending in parallel at the same
height maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction and
having internally threaded holes at both end thereof in a manner
that the internally threaded holes are opened in the side walls,
and a pair of through holes are formed in each pair of the first
internally threaded members maintaining a distance in the axial
direction, meeting the axes horizontally at right angles, and
extending in parallel with each other;
[0031] a plurality of pairs of second internally threaded members
are buried between the inner side wall of the side strut and the
outer side wall positioned on the side opposite to the inner side
wall having axes common to the pair of axes of the through holes
formed in each pair of the first internally threaded members and
forming internally threaded holes at one end thereof in a manner to
penetrate through the corresponding pair of through holes of the
first internally threaded members and so as to be opened in the
inner side wall;
[0032] rectangular coupling plates are secured to the ends of the
inner side beam and of the side beams at right angles with the
inner side beam and with the side beams coupled to the side strut,
and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the coupling plates
on each side divided by the web maintaining a distance in the
up-and-down direction;
[0033] the one side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the one side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling
plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in
one side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened to the
one side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes on one side of the
pairs of the first internally threaded members through the mounting
holes;
[0034] the other side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the other side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling
plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in
the other side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened
to the other side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the other internally threaded holes of the pairs of
the first internally threaded members through the mounting holes;
and
[0035] the inner side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the inner side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling
plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in
the inner side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened
to the inner side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes of the pairs of the
second internally threaded members through the mounting holes.
[0036] It is desired that the upper surfaces of the inner side beam
and of the side beams are positioned substantially at the same
height.
[0037] It is desired that the inner side beam and the side beams
have substantially the same shape and the same size in cross
section.
[0038] It is desired that the corner struts and the side struts are
constituted by metallic pipes having a square shape in cross
section, and the internally threaded members are made of a metal
and are inserted and secured by welding in the through holes formed
in the corner struts and in the side struts.
[0039] According to a still further aspect of the invention, there
is provided a solid structure provided with a frame having struts
arranged in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams
extending horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming
a solid space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape,
wherein:
[0040] at least the upper ends of the corner struts arranged at the
corners of the frame are constituted by polygonal metallic pipes,
ends of the upper side beam made of a metallic pipe having a square
shape in cross section are coupled to the inner side walls at the
upper end of the corner strut meeting at right angles with each
other, the inner side surfaces facing in the horizontal direction
along the side edges meeting at right angles of the frame;
[0041] a pair of mounting holes are formed at the upper ends of the
one inner side wall and of the other inner side wall of the corner
strut at the same height maintaining a distance in the horizontal
direction;
[0042] rectangular coupling plates are secured to the ends of the
upper side beams at right angles with the upper side beams coupled
to the corner strut, and a pair of internally threaded holes are
formed in the coupling plates maintaining a distance in the
horizontal direction;
[0043] the one upper side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the one inner side wall of
the corner strut in a manner that the internally threaded holes of
the coupling plates are in alignment with the mounting holes in one
side wall of the corner strut, and is detachably fastened to the
one inner side wall of the corner strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes from the upper open
end of the corner strut through the mounting holes; and
[0044] the other upper side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the other inner side wall
of the corner strut in a manner that the internally threaded holes
of the coupling plates are in alignment with the mounting holes in
the other side wall of the corner strut, and is detachably fastened
to the other inner side wall of the corner strut by bringing the
bolts into engagement with the internally threaded holes from the
upper open end of the corner strut through the mounting holes.
[0045] It is desired that the upper surfaces of the corner strut
and of the upper side beams are positioned substantially at the
same height.
[0046] It is desired that the upper side beams have substantially
the same shape and the same size in cross section.
[0047] According to a yet further aspect of the invention, there is
provided a solid structure provided with a frame having struts
arranged in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams
extending horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming
a solid space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape,
wherein:
[0048] at least the upper ends of the side struts arranged between
the corner struts arranged at the corners of the frame are made of
metallic pipes having a polygonal shape in cross section, an end of
an upper side beam constituted by an H-beam having a web, an upper
flange and a lower flange is coupled to the inner side wall at the
upper end of the side strut, the side wall facing the inside of the
solid space of the frame, and the ends of the upper side beam made
of a metallic pipe having a square shape in cross section are
coupled to the side walls at the upper end of the side strut, the
side walls facing in the horizontal direction along the side edges
of the frames;
[0049] a plurality of pairs of internally threaded members are
buried between the inner side wall of the side strut and the outer
side wall positioned on the side opposite to the inner side wall at
the same height in parallel maintaining a distance in the
horizontal direction, the plurality of internally threaded members
having the internally threaded holes that are opened in the inner
side wall;
[0050] a pair of mounting holes are formed at the same height
maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction at the upper
ends of the side walls of the side strut at positions higher than
the internal threaded members;
[0051] rectangular coupling plates are secured to the ends of the
upper inner side beams at right angles with the upper inner side
beams which are coupled to the upper ends of the inner side walls
of the side struts, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in
the coupling plates on either side divided by the web maintaining a
distance in the up-and-down direction;
[0052] rectangular coupling plates are secured to the ends of the
upper side beams at right angles with the upper side beams which
are coupled to the side walls at the upper ends of the side struts,
and a pair of internally threaded holes are formed in the coupling
plate at the same height maintaining a distance in the up-and-down
direction;
[0053] the upper inner side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the inner side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the mounting holes of the coupling
plate are in alignment with the internally threaded holes opened in
the inner side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened
to the inner side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes of the pairs of the
internally threaded members through the mounting holes;
[0054] the one upper side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the one side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the internally threaded holes of the
coupling plate are in alignment with the mounting holes in one side
wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened to the one side
wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into engagement with
the internally threaded holes through the mounting holes; and
[0055] the other upper side beam has the coupling plate that is
substantially brought into contact with the other side wall of the
side strut in a manner that the internally threaded holes of the
coupling plate are in alignment with the mounting holes in the
other side wall of the side strut, and is detachably fastened to
the other side wall of the side strut by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes through the mounting
holes.
[0056] It is desired that the upper surfaces of the upper side
beams and of the upper inner side beam are positioned substantially
at the same height.
[0057] It is desired that the upper side beams have substantially
the same shape and the same size in cross section.
[0058] According to a still further aspect of the invention, there
is provided a solid structure provided with a frame having struts
arranged in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams
extending horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming
a solid space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape,
wherein:
[0059] one or a plurality of rectangular side edge spaces are
formed in each of a plurality of side edge regions formed in the
frame, the one or the plurality of spaces being surrounded by a
pair of side beams facing each other in the up-and-down direction
and by a pair of struts facing each other in a horizontal
direction, and one or a plurality of rectangular side wall units
are fitted to all side edge spaces or to at least all side edge
spaces excluding the one in the frame;
[0060] hollow mounting members are integrally arranged at the
corners of the side wall unit and at the side edges, the hollow
mounting members having a square shape in cross section and being
constituted by four side walls having a predetermined thickness and
a width in the axial direction, and the hollow mounting members
being so arranged that the axes thereof are directed to both
surfaces of the side wall unit;
[0061] mounting holes are formed in the two side walls facing
outward of the side wall unit, the two side walls meeting at right
angles with each other in the hollow mounting members arranged at
the corners of the side wall unit, and mounting holes are formed in
one side wall facing outward of the side wall unit in the hollow
mounting members arranged at the side edges of the side wall
unit;
[0062] internally threaded members forming threaded holes at an end
thereof are arranged in the pair of side beams and in the pair of
struts defining the side edge space at positions corresponding to
the mounting holes of the hollow mounting members in one or a
plurality of side wall units fitted to the side edge space, the
hollow mounting members facing the pair of side beams and the pair
of struts in a manner that the internally threaded holes are opened
in the side edge space, wherein when the side wall unit is fitted
into the side edge space, the mounting holes of the hollow mounting
members are brought into alignment with the internally threaded
holes of the corresponding internally threaded members, and in this
state, the side wall unit is detachably fastened to the pair of
side beams and to the pair of struts by bringing the bolts into
engagement with the internally threaded holes of the corresponding
internally threaded members through the mounting holes.
[0063] It is desired that the two side walls meeting at right
angles of the hollow mounting member arranged at a corner of the
side wall unit or the two side walls facing outward of the side
wall unit, define a portion of the side walls of the side wall unit
meeting at right angles at the corner of the side wall unit; and
one side wall of the hollow mounting member arranged along the side
edge of the side wall unit or the one side wall facing outward of
the side wall unit, defines a portion of the side wall along the
side edge of the side wall unit.
[0064] It is desired that the side wall unit includes two side
frames extending at right angles along the two side edges from the
hollow mounting member arranged at a corner, and brace frames
extending aslant relative to the two side frames; and a
substantially right-angled triangle is formed by two side frames
and by the brace frames as viewing the side wall unit on a
plane.
[0065] It is desired that the hollow mounting members are formed by
cutting a square metallic pipe which is a common part.
[0066] It is desired that the hollow mounting members are
integrally made of cast iron that can be welded, braces are
provided at four corners of each hollow mounting member spanning
across the two side walls that are meeting at right angles with
each other, the brace has a predetermined thickness and a width in
the axial direction same as that of the two side walls, and the
brace forms a right-angled triangle relative to the two side walls
as viewing the hollow mounting members in the axial direction.
[0067] It is desired that the upper side beam and the pair of
struts defining the side edge space are constituted by metallic
pips having a square shape in cross section, and the internally
threaded members are made of a metal and are inserted in the
through holes formed in the upper side beam and in the pair of
struts and are secured therein by welding.
[0068] It is desired that the lower side beam defining the side
edge space is constituted by an H-beam having a web, an upper
flange and a lower flange; mounting holes are formed in the lower
side beam at positions corresponding to the mounting holes of the
hollow mounting members of the side wall unit, the mounting holes
being in concentric with the axis that passes through the center of
the web in the direction of width and meets the upper and lower
flanges at right angles, and the mounting holes extending from the
upper surface of the upper flange up to the upper end of the web;
and the internally threaded members are inserted in the
corresponding mounting holes in a manner that the internally
threaded holes are opened in the upper surface of the upper flange
and are secured therein by welding.
[0069] It is desired that a plurality of side wall units are fitted
into the side edge space so as to be neighboring each other; in the
side wall units neighboring each other, the side walls of the
hollow mounting members constituting a portion of side walls facing
each other are so positioned as to be opposed to each other in a
manner that the mounting holes thereof are aligned to each other;
and the side wall units neighboring each other are detachably
fastened together by inserting the bolts in the aligned mounting
holes of the hollow mounting members that are opposed to each other
and engaging nuts therewith.
[0070] According to a further aspect of the invention, there is
provided a solid structure provided with a frame having struts
arranged in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams
extending horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming
a solid space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape,
wherein:
[0071] the frame has a plurality of rectangular floor spaces
surrounded by four beams, a rectangular floor unit is mounted on
each floor space, the peripheral edges of the floor unit are
constituted by frame members having a vertical wall and a flange
extending outward from the upper end of the vertical wall at right
angles, and each floor unit is fitted to the floor space from the
upper side, the peripheral flanges are placed on the upper surfaces
of the four beams defining the floor space, and the vertical walls
are detachably fastened to the corresponding beams by using bolts
and internally threaded members.
[0072] It is desired that the four beams defining the floor spaces
are constituted by H-beams having a web, an upper flange and a
lower flange; the support plates are secured by welding between the
opposing ends of the upper flange and the lower flange at portions
where the floor units are coupled to the four beams; internally
threaded members forming internally threaded holes at one end
thereof are secured by welding between the support plates and the
side surface of the web in a manner that the internally threaded
holes are opened in the outer surface of the support plates;
mounting holes are formed in the vertical walls of the floor units
so as to be corresponded to the internally threaded holes of the
internally threaded members; and the floor units are detachably
fastened to the four beams defining the corresponding floor spaces
by bringing the bolts into engagement with the internally threaded
holes of the internally threaded members through the mounting holes
in a state where the floor units are fitted into the corresponding
floor spaces from the upper side.
[0073] According to another aspect of the invention, there is
provided a solid structure provided with a frame having struts
arranged in a rectangular shape as viewed on a plane and beams
extending horizontally and coupling the struts, said frame forming
a solid space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape,
wherein:
[0074] the frame includes upper side beams that couple the upper
ends of the struts facing each other and define rectangular
peripheral edges together with the struts as viewed on a plane, and
a rectangular upper space surrounded by the struts and by the upper
side beams;
[0075] a plurality of rectangular roof units are mounted on the
upper ends of the frame so as to cover the upper space from the
upper side;
[0076] end-engaging flange means are arranged on the lower surfaces
at both ends in the lengthwise direction of the roof units hanging
down from the lower surfaces;
[0077] the roof units are mounted at their both ends on at least
one upper side beam defining a pair of side edges that are facing
each other of the frame; and
[0078] the end-engaging flange means are positioned being
overlapped on the inner sides and/or on the outer sides of the
corresponding upper side beams and are detachably fastened by bolts
and internally threaded members, so that the roof units neighboring
each other cover the upper space from the upper side.
[0079] It is desired that each end-engaging flange means comprises
an end-engaging flange hanging down from the lower surfaces at both
ends in the lengthwise direction of the roof unit or comprises a
pair of end-engaging flanges hanging down from the lower surfaces
at both ends in the lengthwise direction of the roof unit and are
extending in parallel in the direction of width maintaining a
distance in the lengthwise direction.
[0080] It is desired that one side-engaging flange means is hanging
down from the lower surface on one side in the direction of width
of the roof unit of the one side and is extending in the lengthwise
direction, the roof unit of the one side being positioned on one
side in a direction which is in agreement with the direction of
width of the roof units in the upper space; the roof unit of the
one side is positioned with its one side-engaging flange means
being overlapped on the inner side and/or the outer side of at
least one upper side beam that defines the one side edge of the
another pair of side edges facing each other of the frame and is
detachably fastened by bolts and internally threaded members; the
other side-engaging flange means is hanging down from the lower
surface on the other side of the roof unit of the other side in the
direction of width and is extending in the lengthwise direction,
the roof unit of the other side being positioned on other side in a
direction which is in agreement with the direction of width of the
roof units in the upper space; and the roof unit of the other side
is positioned with its other side-engaging flange means being
overlapped on the inner side and/or the outer side of at least one
upper side beam that defines the other side edge of the another
pair of side edges facing each other of the frame and is detachably
fastened by bolts and internally threaded members.
[0081] It is desired that the one side-engaging flange means
comprises a one side-engaging flange hanging down from the lower
surface on one side of the roof unit in the direction of width or a
pair of one side-engaging flanges hanging down from the lower
surface thereof on one side in the direction of width and are
extending in parallel in the lengthwise direction maintaining a
distance in the direction of width; and the other side-engaging
flange means comprises an other side-engaging flange hanging down
from the lower surface on the other side of the roof unit in the
direction of width or a pair of other side-engaging flanges hanging
down from the lower surface thereof on the other side in the
direction of width and are extending in parallel in the lengthwise
direction maintaining a distance in the direction of width.
[0082] It is desired that a ceiling panel member is arranged on the
lower surfaces of the roof units and at least on the inner region
of the end-engaging flange means, or on the lower surface of the
roof unit of the one side and on at least the inner regions of the
end-engaging flange means and of the one side-engaging flange
means, or on the lower surface of the roof unit of the other side
and on at least the inner regions of the end-engaging flange means
and of the other side-engaging flange means.
[0083] It is desired that the roof unit comprises:
[0084] channel plates that are arranged in a rectangular shape to
define the peripheral edges and having open ends that are directed
inward, the channel plates having a vertical wall and an upper
flange and a lower flange that are folded at right angles toward
the insides from the upper end and the lower end of the vertical
wall;
[0085] transverse beams arranged between the vertical walls of the
channel plates facing each other in the direction of width of the
roof unit maintaining a distance in the lengthwise direction of the
roof unit in a manner that the height thereof gradually increases
from a position close to one end of the roof unit up to a position
close to the other end in the lengthwise direction;
[0086] a trough member arranged at one end in the lengthwise
direction of the roof unit, stretching between the vertical walls
of the channel plates facing each other in the direction of width
of the roof unit, and having a drain port formed in the bottom
thereof; and
[0087] at least one roof plate mounted on the transverse beams so
as to extend from the other end up to the one end in the lengthwise
direction of the roof unit in a manner of being inclined downward,
the end of the roof plate having the smallest height in the
lengthwise direction being positioned on the trough member.
[0088] It is desired that the roof unit comprises:
[0089] channel plates that are arranged in a rectangular shape to
define the peripheral edges and having open ends that are directed
inward, the channel plates having a vertical wall and an upper
flange and a lower flange that are folded at right angles toward
the insides from the upper end and the lower end of the vertical
wall;
[0090] transverse beams arranged between the vertical walls of the
channel plates facing each other in the direction of width of the
roof unit maintaining a distance in the lengthwise direction of the
roof unit in a manner that the height thereof gradually increases
from a position close to one end and from a position close to the
other end of the roof unit in the lengthwise direction up to a
central position of the roof unit in the lengthwise direction;
[0091] trough members arranged at one end and at the other end in
the lengthwise direction of the roof unit, stretching between the
vertical walls of the channel plates facing each other in the
direction of width of the roof unit, and having drain ports formed
in the bottoms thereof; and
[0092] at least one roof plate of the one side mounted on the
transverse beams so as to extend from the center to the one end of
the roof unit in the lengthwise direction in a manner of being
inclined downward, and at least one roof plate of the other side
mounted on the transverse beams so as to extend from the center to
the other end of the roof unit in the lengthwise direction in a
manner of being inclined downward, the lower end of the roof plate
of the one side having the smallest height in the lengthwise
direction and the lower end of the other roof plate having the
smallest height in the lengthwise direction being positioned on the
corresponding trough members.
[0093] It is desired that the one side edge in the direction of
width of the roof unit of the one side is positioned midway in the
direction of width of at least one upper side beam defining the one
side edge of the other pair of side edges facing each other of the
frame, and midway in the direction of width of the struts
positioned on the extensions of the upper side beams, the roof unit
of the one side being positioned on the one side in the direction
in agreement with the direction of width of the roof units in the
upper space; the other side of the trough unit of the one side of a
rectangular shape on a plane having a drain port in the bottom is
detachably attached to the one side of the roof unit of the one
side in the direction of width; and the trough unit of the one side
includes a channel plate arranged in a rectangular shape having a
length nearly equal to the roof unit of the one side in the
lengthwise direction and having an open end facing inward, the
channel plate being constituted by a vertical wall, and an upper
flange and a lower flange folded inward at right angles from the
upper end and the lower end of the vertical wall, and a trough
member that extends between the vertical walls of the channel plate
facing in the lengthwise direction of the trough unit of the one
side and having a drain port in the bottom thereof.
[0094] It is desired that the height of the channel plate defining
the other side in the direction of width of the trough unit of the
one side is selected to be substantially the same as the height of
the channel plate defining the one side in the direction of width
of the roof unit of the one side; a mounting member having a
mounting piece is secured to the channel plate defining the other
side in the direction of width of the trough unit of the one side,
the mounting piece hanging down from the lower surface of the
channel plate; the trough unit of the one side has the outer
surface of the vertical wall of the channel plate defining the
other side in the direction of width of the trough unit of the one
side that is overlapped on the outer surface of the vertical wall
of the channel plate defining the one side in the direction of
width of the roof unit of the one side, and is detachably fastened
by using bolts and nuts; the bottom surface of the channel plate
defining the other side in the direction of width of the trough
unit of the one side is placed on the upper surfaces of the upper
side beams and of the struts; and the mounting piece is overlapped
on the outer side walls of the upper side beams and of the struts,
and is detachable fastened to the upper side beams by using bolts
and internally threaded members.
[0095] It is desired that the other side edge in the direction of
width of the roof unit of the other side is positioned midway in
the direction of width of at least one upper side beam defining the
other side edge of the other pair of side edges facing each other
of the frame, and midway in the direction of width of the struts
positioned on the extensions of the upper side beams, the roof unit
of the other side being positioned on the other side in the
direction in agreement with the direction of width of the roof
units in the upper space; the one side of the trough unit of the
other side of a rectangular shape on a plane having a drain port in
the bottom is detachably attached to the other side of the roof
unit of the other side in the direction of width; and the trough
unit of the other side includes a channel plate arranged in a
rectangular shape having a length nearly equal to the roof unit of
the other side in the lengthwise direction and having an open end
facing inward, the channel plate being constituted by a vertical
wall, and an upper flange and a lower flange folded inward at right
angles from the upper end and the lower end of the vertical wall,
and a trough member that extends between the vertical walls of the
channel plate facing in the lengthwise direction of the trough unit
of the other side and having a drain port in the bottom
thereof.
[0096] It is desired that the height of the channel plate defining
the one side in the direction of width of the trough unit of the
other side is selected to be substantially the same as the height
of the channel plate defining the other side in the direction of
width of the trough unit of the other side; a mounting member
having a mounting piece is secured to the channel plate defining
the one side in the direction of width of the trough unit of the
other side, the mounting piece hanging down from the lower surface
of the channel plate; the trough unit of the other side has the
outer surface of the vertical wall of the channel plate defining
the one side in the direction of width of the trough unit of the
other side that is overlapped on the outer surface of the vertical
wall of the channel plate defining the other side in the direction
of width of the roof unit of the other side, and is detachably
fastened by using bolts and nuts; the bottom surface of the channel
plate defining the one side in the direction of width of the trough
unit of the other side is placed on the upper surfaces of the upper
side beams and of the struts; and the mounting piece is overlapped
on the outer side walls of the upper side beams and of the struts,
and is detachably fastened to the upper side beams by using bolts
and internally threaded members.
[0097] It is desired that internally threaded members extending in
a horizontal direction and forming internally threaded holes at the
one end and/or the other end thereof, are buried in the portions of
the upper side beams defining the pair of side edges facing each
other of the frame coupled to the roof units, in a manner that the
internally threaded holes are opened in the inner side walls and/or
the outer side walls of the corresponding upper side beams facing
the upper space; mounting holes are formed in an end-engaging
flange or in one or both of a pair of the end-engaging flanges
arranged at both ends of the roof units in the lengthwise direction
so as to be corresponded to the internally threaded members; and
the one end-engaging flange or the pair of end-engaging flanges of
the roof units are detachably fastened to the inner side walls
and/or the outer side walls of the corresponding upper side beams
by bringing the bolts into engagement with the threaded holes of
the corresponding internally threaded members through the mounting
piece.
[0098] It is desired that internally threaded members extending in
a horizontal direction and forming internally threaded holes at the
one end and/or the other end thereof, are buried in the portions of
the upper side beams defining the other pair of side edges facing
each other of the frame coupled to the roof unit of the one side or
to the roof unit of the other side, in a manner that the internally
threaded holes are opened in the inner side walls and/or the outer
side walls of the corresponding upper side beams facing the upper
space; mounting holes are formed in a one side-engaging flange or
in one or both of a pair of the one side-engaging flanges arranged
on one side of the roof unit of the one side and in an other
side-engaging flange or in one or both of a pair of the other
side-engaging flanges arranged on the other side of the roof unit
of the other side so as to be corresponded to the internally
threaded members; and the one side-engaging flange or one or both
of the pair of the one side-engaging flanges and the other
side-engaging flange or one or both of the pair of the other
side-engaging flanges are detachably fastened to the inner side
walls and/or the outer side walls of the corresponding upper side
beams by bringing the bolts into engagement with the threaded holes
of the corresponding internally threaded members through the
mounting piece.
[0099] It is desired that internally threaded members extending in
a horizontal direction and forming internally threaded holes at the
one end thereof, are buried in the portions of the upper side beams
coupled to the trough unit of the one side and to the trough unit
of the other side, in a manner that the internally threaded holes
are opened in the outer side walls of the corresponding upper side
beams; mounting holes are formed in the mounting pieces of the
channel plates defining the other side in the direction of width of
the trough unit of the one side and defining the one side in the
direction of width of the trough unit of the other side; and the
mounting pieces are secured to the outer side walls of the upper
side beams by bringing the bolts into engagement with the threaded
holes of the corresponding internally threaded members through the
mounting pieces.
[0100] It is desired that the upper side beams are constituted by
metallic pipes having a square shape in cross section, and the
internally threaded members are made of a metal and are inserted in
the through holes formed in the upper side beams and are secured
therein by welding.
[0101] It is desired that a seal plate member is detachably mounted
on the upper end between the vertical walls of the channel plates
facing each other of the roof units neighboring each other, the
seal plate member being made of a metal having elasticity and
including a flat plate-like sealing substrate having a
predetermined width, both end flanges extending from both ends of
the sealing substrate in the direction of width into the side of
one surface at right angles with the one surface, and a central
flange extending from the center of the sealing substrate in the
direction of width into the side of one surface at right angles
with the one surface; the distance between the central flange and
both end flanges is slightly larger than the width of the upper
flanges of the channel plates facing each other of the roof units
neighboring each other; the channel plates are fastened together by
bolts and nuts in a state where the central flange of the seal
plate member is inserted from the upper side into between the
vertical walls of the channel plates facing each other and where
the sealing substrate is placed on the upper surfaces of the upper
flanges of the channel plates in the neighboring roof units; and
both end flanges of the seal plate member are folded in the
directions to approach each other with the ends of the upper
flanges of the channel plates as fulcrums.
[0102] It is desired that the frame is constituted by detachably
fastening the struts and the beams together all by using bolts and
internally threaded members, or is constituted by detachably
fastening the struts and the beams together, and the beams and the
beams together all by using bolts and internally threaded
members.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0103] FIG. 1 is a disassembled perspective view schematically
illustrating the constitution of an embodiment of a solid structure
constituted according to the present invention;
[0104] FIG. 2 is a view of one side (viewing the side surface
facing nearly the right lower side in FIG. 1) illustrating a
completed state of the solid structure shown in FIG. 1;
[0105] FIG. 3 is a view of the other side (viewing the side surface
facing nearly the left lower side in FIG. 1) illustrating a
completed state of the solid structure shown in FIG. 1;
[0106] FIG. 4 is a view of one side illustrating a side wall unit
using a frame structure only in the solid structure shown in FIG.
2;
[0107] FIG. 5 is a view of one side illustrating a frame only in
the solid structure shown in FIG. 4;
[0108] FIG. 6 is a sectional view along the line A-A in FIG. 5;
[0109] FIG. 7 is a plan view partly in cross section mounting a
floor unit on the frame shown in FIG. 6;
[0110] FIG. 8 is a sectional view illustrating, on an enlarged
scale, a portion B in FIG. 6;
[0111] FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of when a coupling structure
shown in FIG. 8 is viewed from the lower side, and is a sectional
view illustrating the portion B in FIG. 5 on an enlarged scale;
[0112] FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating a major portion of the
coupling structure shown in FIG. 8 in a disassembled manner;
[0113] FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating a portion C in FIG. 6 on
an enlarged scale;
[0114] FIG. 12 is a side view illustrating the coupling structure
shown in FIG. 11 as viewed from the lower side in FIG. 11;
[0115] FIG. 13 is a sectional view illustrating a portion D in FIG.
5 on an enlarged scale;
[0116] FIG. 14 is a plan sectional view illustrating the coupling
structure shown in FIG. 13;
[0117] FIG. 15 is a side sectional view illustrating the floor unit
shown in FIG. 7 as viewed from the direction of width, and is a
side sectional view illustrating the frame structure only of the
floor unit;
[0118] FIG. 16 is a sectional view illustrating a coupling
structure of the floor unit, intermediate beam and side beam facing
the intermediate beam in FIG. 7, and illustrates, on an enlarged
scale, the coupling structure at a position denoted by a code
M12;
[0119] FIG. 17 is a plan view of a coupling structure shown in FIG.
16;
[0120] FIG. 18 is a plan view illustrating, on an enlarged scale,
the constitution of a corner portion (left lower corner in FIG. 4)
of the side wall unit shown in FIG. 4 and of hollow mounting
members arranged at the neighboring side edges thereof;
[0121] FIG. 19 is a side view illustrating, in a partly omitted
manner, the constitution shown in FIG. 18 as viewed from the left
in FIG. 18;
[0122] FIG. 20 is a sectional view illustrating the constitution of
a coupling portion of the side beam designated at H in FIGS. 5 to 7
for the side wall unit in a state of being assembled and in a state
of being disassembled;
[0123] FIG. 21 is a plan view of a coupling portion (assembled
state) of the side beam shown in FIG. 20;
[0124] FIG. 22 is a sectional view along the line E-E in FIG.
4;
[0125] FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 22;
[0126] FIG. 24 is a transverse sectional view illustrating the
constitution of a coupling portion of the corner strut designated
at U in FIGS. 5 and 13 for the side wall unit;
[0127] FIG. 25 is a sectional view illustrating a portion F in FIG.
4 on an enlarged scale;
[0128] FIG. 26 is a perspective plan view schematically
illustrating a state where roof units are mounted on the upper ends
of the frame illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 5;
[0129] FIG. 27 is a side sectional view of when an intermediate
roof unit is viewed from the direction of width, and is a side
sectional view also illustrating a corresponding upper side
beam;
[0130] FIG. 28 is a plan view of the intermediate roof unit shown
in FIG. 27 and illustrates the constituent members in a partly
omitted manner;
[0131] FIG. 29 is a sectional view illustrating a portion of FIG.
27 on an enlarged scale;
[0132] FIG. 30 is a sectional view along the line G-G in FIG.
27;
[0133] FIG. 31 is a view illustrating the roof units shown in FIG.
4 on an enlarged scale, and also shows the corresponding upper side
beam;
[0134] FIG. 32 is a side view of when a roof unit of the one side
positioned on the left side in FIG. 31 is viewed from the left in
FIG. 31, and also shows the corresponding upper side beam;
[0135] FIG. 33 is a disassembled perspective view schematically
illustrating the constitution of another embodiment of the solid
structure constituted according to the present invention;
[0136] FIG. 34 is a view of one side (viewing the side surface
facing nearly the left lower side in FIG. 33) illustrating a
completed state of the solid structure shown in FIG. 33;
[0137] FIG. 35 is a side view of the solid structure of FIG. 34
illustrating the roof units in cross section, illustrating the side
wall units by a frame structure only, and illustrating portions
thereof on an enlarged scale;
[0138] FIG. 36 is a view of the other side (viewing the side wall
facing nearly the left upper side in FIG. 33) illustrating a
completed state of the solid structure shown in FIG. 33;
[0139] FIG. 37 is another side view of the solid structure shown in
FIG. 36, and illustrates a state where the roof unit is
disassembled toward the upper side, the side wall unit is
illustrated by the frame structure only, and a shutter is
removed;
[0140] FIG. 38 is a view of the other side (viewing the side wall
facing nearly the right lower side in FIG. 33) illustrating a
completed state of the solid structure shown in FIG. 33, and is a
view of the other side illustrating the side wall unit at the right
end by the frame structure only;
[0141] FIG. 39 is a sectional view along the line J-J in FIG.
38;
[0142] FIG. 40 is a plan view illustrating the upper end only of
the frame included in the solid structure shown in FIG. 33;
[0143] FIG. 41 is a sectional view along the line M-M in FIG. 40,
and illustrates a state where the roof units are mounted and a
portion thereof on an enlarged scale;
[0144] FIG. 42 is a sectional view along the line N-N in FIG. 40,
and illustrates a state where the roof unit is mounted;
[0145] FIG. 43 is a view illustrating, partly on an enlarged scale,
a coupling portion coupling the side wall unit, the corner strut
and the upper side beam;
[0146] FIG. 44 is a perspective plan view schematically
illustrating a state where the roof units are mounted on the upper
end of the frame shown in FIGS. 33 and 40;
[0147] FIG. 45 is a sectional view along the line P-P in FIG. 44,
and illustrates a state where the roof units are separated upward
from the frame, and a portion of the frame partly on an enlarged
scale;
[0148] FIG. 46 is a sectional view illustrating, partly on an
enlarged scale, the roof units of FIG. 45;
[0149] FIG. 47 is a perspective view schematically illustrating the
left end portion of the roof unit of FIG. 45 on an enlarged
scale;
[0150] FIG. 48 is a plan view of the roof unit of FIG. 45;
[0151] FIG. 49 is a side view schematically illustrating the roof
unit of FIG. 48 as viewed from a direction of width;
[0152] FIG. 50 is a plan view illustrating a portion of a roof unit
of one side and a trough unit of one side in a disassembled
manner;
[0153] FIG. 51 is a sectional view illustrating a state of coupling
the trough unit of one side shown in FIG. 50, the roof unit of one
side and the upper side beam, and is a sectional view corresponding
to the sectional view along the line Q-Q in FIG. 44;
[0154] FIG. 52 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a
portion of FIG. 51;
[0155] FIG. 53 is a sectional view of a seal plate member arranged
between the roof units neighboring each other;
[0156] FIG. 54 is a sectional view illustrating a state of using
the seal plate member shown in FIG. 53; and
[0157] FIG. 55 is a disassembled perspective view schematically
illustrating the constitution of a further embodiment of the solid
structure constituted according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0158] Preferred embodiments of the solid structure constituted
according to the present invention will now be described in further
detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The solid
structure according to the present invention includes novel
coupling structures among the constituent elements (e.g., a
coupling structure between a strut and a beam, a coupling structure
between a beam and a beam, a coupling structure between a side wall
unit and a frame, a coupling structure between a floor unit and the
frame, and a coupling structure between a roof unit and the frame),
as well as novel constituent elements (e.g., a frame, a floor unit,
a side wall unit, and a roof unit). As other objects of the
invention, therefore, there can be provided novel coupling
structures among the constituent elements of the solid structure,
and constituent elements of the solid structure, that are capable
of achieving the above-mentioned objects.
[0159] Referring to FIGS. 1, 5, 6 and 26, the solid structure
constituted according to the present invention has a frame 2 that
forms a solid space of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped
shape. The frame 2 includes four struts 4, 6, 7 and 8 arranged in a
rectangular shape as viewed on a plane, side beams 10, 12, 14 and
16 that extend horizontally to couple the struts 4, 6, 7 and 8, an
inner side beam 18 that horizontally extends to couple the side
beams 12 and 16 that are facing each other, and upper side beams
20, 22, 24 and 26 for coupling the upper ends of the struts 4, 6, 7
and 8. In this embodiments, the struts 4, 6, 7 and 8 are arranged
at four corners of the frame 2, and are, hence, called corner
struts 4, 6, 7 and 8 in the following description.
[0160] The corner struts 4, 6, 7 and 8 are constituted by metallic
square pipes having a square shape in cross section, and, in this
embodiment, are constituted steel pipes of an ortho-square shape,
which are common parts. Base plates of a rectangular shape are
integrally secured to the lower ends of the corner struts 4, 6, 7
and 8 by welding. The corner struts 4, 6, 7 and 8 are erected being
either detachably secured onto a foundation via the base plates or
placed on the ground G. The corner struts 4 and 6 facing each other
are coupled by the side beam 10 at an intermediate position in the
up-and-down direction, and the upper ends of the corner struts 4
and 6 are coupled together by the upper side beam 20. The corner
struts 6 and 7 facing each other are coupled by the side beam 12 at
an intermediate position in the up-and-down direction, and the
upper ends of the corner struts 6 and 7 are coupled together by the
upper side beam 22. The corner struts 7 and 8 facing each other are
coupled by the side beam 14 at an intermediate position in the
up-and-down direction, and the upper ends of the corner struts 7
and 8 are coupled together by the upper side beam 24. The corner
struts 4 and 8 facing each other are coupled by the side beam 16 at
an intermediate position in the up-and-down direction, and the
upper ends of the corner struts 4 and 8 are coupled together by the
upper side beam 26. The side beams 12 and 16 facing each other in
the horizontal direction are coupled by the inner side beam 18 at
an intermediate position in the lengthwise direction. The side
beams 10, 12, 14, 16 and the inner side beam 18 are, respectively,
H-beams having a web, an upper flange and a lower flange, which are
common parts. The upper side beams 20, 22, 24 and 26 are
constituted by metallic pipes of a square shape in cross section
and, in this embodiment, are constituted by steel pipes of an
ortho-square shape in cross section, which are common parts. The
constituent elements of the frame 2 are all detachably coupled
together by using bolts and internally threaded members. The
coupling structures for them will be described later.
[0161] A side edge space of a rectangular shape is formed in each
of a plurality of side edge regions formed in the frame 2 or, in
this embodiment, in each of the four side edge regions. That is, in
a first side edge region, there is formed a rectangular side edge
space S1 surrounded by the upper side beam 20 and the side beam 10
facing each other in the up-and-down direction, and surrounded by
the corner struts 4 and 6 facing each other in the horizontal
direction. In a second side edge region, there is formed a
rectangular side edge space S2 surrounded by the upper side beam 22
and the side beam 12 facing each other in the up-and-down
direction, and surrounded by the corner struts 6 and 7 facing each
other in the horizontal direction. In a third side edge region,
there is formed a rectangular side edge space S3 surrounded by the
upper side beam 24 and the side beam 14 facing each other in the
up-and-down direction, and surrounded by the corner struts 7 and 8
facing each other in the horizontal direction. In a fourth side
edge region, there is formed a rectangular side edge space S4
surrounded by the upper side beam 26 and the side beam 16 facing
each other in the up-and-down direction, and surrounded by the
corner struts 4 and 8 facing each other in the horizontal
direction. In the side edge spaces S1 to S4, rectangular side wall
units 30, 32, 34 and 36 are fitted and detachably coupled by using
bolts and internally threaded members. The constitutions of the
side wall units 30, 32, 34 and 36 and the coupling structure to the
frame 2 will be described later.
[0162] The frame 2 includes a floor space F1 surrounded by four
beams, i.e., surrounded by the side beams 10, 12 and 16 and by the
inner side beam 18, and a floor space F2 surrounded by four beams,
i.e., surrounded by the side frames 12, 14 and 16 and by the inner
side beam 18. Rectangular floor units 38 having substantially the
same shape and the same size are mounted on the floor spaces F1 and
F2 having substantially the same shape and the same size, and are
detachably coupled thereto by using bolts and internally threaded
members. Constitution of the floor units 38 and the coupling
structure to the frame 2 will be described later.
[0163] The frame 2 includes upper side beams 20, 22, 24 and 26 that
couple the upper ends of the corner struts 4, 6, 7 and 8 facing
each other, and that define rectangular peripheral edges of the
frame together with the corner struts 4, 6, 7 and 8 as viewed on a
plane. The frame 2 includes a rectangular upper space R1 surrounded
by the corner struts 4, 6, 7 and 8 and by the upper end beams 20,
22, 24 and 26. A plurality of or, in this embodiment, three
rectangular roof units 40, 42 and 44 are mounted on the upper ends
of the frame 2 so as to cover the upper end space R1 from the upper
side, and are detachably coupled by using bolts and internally
threaded members. The constitution of the roof units 40, 42 and 44
and the coupling structure to the frame 2 will be described
later.
[0164] Next, described below is a structure for coupling the side
beams 10 and 16 to the strut 4 of the frame 2. Referring to FIGS. 8
to 10, the corner strut 4 arranged at a corner of the frame 2 is
constituted by a square steel pipe having an ortho-square shape in
cross section. Ends of the side beams 10 and 16 constituted by
H-beams having a web W, an upper flange UF and a lower flange LF
are coupled to the inner side walls 46 and 47 of the corner strut 4
that are meeting at right angles with each other and that are
facing in the horizontal direction along the side edges of the
frame 2 meeting at right angles with each other. A plurality of
pairs (two pairs in this embodiment) of first internally threaded
members 50 are arranged between the inner side wall 46 which is one
of the inner side walls 46 and 47 of the corner strut 4 and the
outer side wall 48 positioned on the side opposite to the one inner
side wall 46 maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction,
the plurality of first internally threaded members 50 extending in
parallel at the same height maintaining a distance in the
horizontal direction and forming internally threaded holes 52 at
one end thereof in a manner that the internally threaded holes 52
are opened in the outer surface of the one inner side wall 46. A
pair of through holes 54 are formed in each pair of the first
internally threaded members 50 that have substantially the same
shape and the same size, the pair of through holes 54 maintaining a
distance in the axial direction, meeting the axes horizontally at
right angles, and extending in parallel with each other.
[0165] Through holes are formed in one inner side wall 46 and in
one outer side wall 48 that are facing each other of the corner
strut 4 at positions where the first internally threaded members 50
are mounted, the through holes having their own common axes, and
the first internally threaded members 50 are secured by welding in
a state of being fitted to their corresponding through holes. The
surfaces of the first internally threaded members 50 at one end
thereof are in flush with the outer surface of the one inner side
wall 46, and the surfaces of the first internally threaded members
50 at the other end thereof are in flush with the outer surface of
the one outer side wall 48. The first internally threaded members
50 are formed by cutting a metallic round rod and have the same
diameter from one end thereof up to the other end thereof.
[0166] A plurality of pairs (two pairs in this embodiment) of
second internally threaded members 56 are arranged between the
other inner side wall 47 which is one of the inner side walls 46
and 47 of the corner strut 4 and the other outer side wall 49
positioned on the side opposite to the other inner side wall 47
maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction, the plurality
of second internally threaded members 56 having axes common to the
pair of axes of the through holes 54 formed in each pair of the
first internally threaded members 50 and having internally threaded
holes 55 at one end thereof in a manner to penetrate through the
corresponding pair of through holes 54 of the first internally
threaded members 50 and are opened in the outer surface of the
other inner side wall 47. Each of the second internally threaded
members 56 having substantially the same shape and the same size
includes a round rod portion 56a of a relatively small diameter
that fits to the corresponding through hole 54 and a cylindrical
portion 56b of a relatively large diameter coupled to an end of the
round rod portion 56a, and an internally threaded hole 55 is formed
in the cylindrical portion 56b. The cylindrical portion 56b is
closed at a portion where it is connected to the round rod portion
56a. The second internally threaded members 56 can be formed by
cutting a metallic round rod. The cylindrical portion 56b of the
second internally threaded member 56 has a diameter same as that of
the first internally threaded member 50, and the internally
threaded hole 55 in the cylindrical portion 56b has an inner
diameter same as that of the internally threaded hole 52 in the
first internally threaded member 50. This constitution makes it
possible to use externally threaded bolts having the same outer
diameter (externally threaded bolts having the same nominal count),
i.e., to use common bolts (in this embodiment, bolts of a nominal
count M16 specified under the JIS) for the first internally
threaded members 50 and for the second internally threaded members
56.
[0167] Through holes are formed in the other inner side wall 47 and
in the other outer side wall 49 that are facing each other of the
corner strut 4 on the axes of the through holes 54 formed in the
first internally threaded members 50. The through holes formed in
the other outer side wall 49 have a relatively small diameter so as
to be fitted with the round rod portions 56a of the second
internally threaded members 56, and the through holes formed in the
other inner side wall 47 have a relatively large diameter so as to
be fitted with the cylindrical portions 56b of the second
internally threaded members 56. The second internally threaded
members 56 are secured by welding in a state where the round rod
portions 56a are fitted into the through holes formed in the other
outer side wall 49 penetrating through the through holes 54 of the
corresponding first internally threaded members 50, and the
cylindrical portions 56b are fitted into the through holes formed
in the other inner side wall 47. The end surfaces at one end of the
second internally threaded members 56 (surfaces on one side of the
cylindrical portions 56b) are in flush with the outer surface of
the other inner side wall 47, and end surfaces at the other end of
the second internally threaded members 56 (surfaces on the other
side of the round rod portions 56a) are in flush with the outer
surface of the other outer side wall 49.
[0168] Rectangular coupling plates 58 are secured by welding to the
ends of the side beams 10 and 16 which are H-beams at right angles
with the side beams 10 and 16. A plurality (two in this embodiment)
of mounting holes 59 are formed in the coupling plates 58 on each
side divided by the web W maintaining a distance in the up-and-down
direction.
[0169] The one side beam 10 has the coupling plate 58 that is
substantially brought into contact with the one inner side wall 46
of the corner strut 4 via a rectangular flat plate 60 in a manner
that the mounting holes 59 of the coupling plate 58 are in
alignment with the internally threaded holes 52 of the pairs of the
first internally threaded members 50 opened in the one inner side
wall 46 of the corner strut 4. The one side beam 10 is detachably
fastened to the one inner side wall 46 of the corner strut 4 by
bringing the bolts 62 into engagement with the internally threaded
holes 52 through washers 64, mounting holes 59 and through holes in
the flat plate 60.
[0170] The other side beam 16 has the coupling plate 58 that is
substantially brought into contact with the other inner side wall
47 of the corner strut 4 via a rectangular flat plate 60 in a
manner that the mounting holes 59 of the coupling plate 58 are in
alignment with the internally threaded holes 55 of the pairs of the
second internally threaded members 56 opened in the other inner
side wall 47 of the corner strut 4. The other side beam 16 is
detachably fastened to the other inner side wall 47 of the corner
strut 4 by bringing the bolts 62 into engagement with the
internally threaded holes 55 through washers 64, mounting holes 59
and through holes in the flat plate 60.
[0171] The pair of the first internally threaded members 50 and the
pair of the second internally threaded members 56 are arranged in
the corner strut 4 so as to intersect each other at the same
height, enabling the one side beam 10 and the other side beam 16
which are the same H-beams having the substantially same shape and
the same size in cross section and meeting at right angles to be
positioned and detachably fastened by bolts at substantially the
same height or, in other words, on substantially a common plane. As
a result, the assembling operation is facilitated and quickened
and, besides, common parts can be used to decrease the cost.
Besides, the pair of the first internally threaded members 50 and
the pair of the second internally threaded members 56 are secured
by welding in the square strut 4 which is a square steel pipe
having a square shape in cross section in a manner to meet at right
angles in the axial direction, maintaining a required strength of
the corner strut 4. In the above coupling structure, the side beams
10 and 16 can be positioned on substantially the same plane with
respect to the corner strut 4. This effect can be similarly
achieved even when the side beams 10 and 16 have different heights
in cross section.
[0172] Referring to FIGS. 1, 5 and 6, the above coupling structure
for coupling the side beam 10 and the side beam 16 to the corner
strut 4 of the frame 2 can also be applied to coupling the side
beams 10 and 12 to the corner strut 6, coupling the side beams 12
and 14 to the corner strut 7, and coupling the side beams 14 and 16
to the corner strut 8. The upper surfaces of the side beams 10, 12,
14 and 16 are positioned on substantially a common plane.
[0173] Next, described below is a coupling structure for coupling
the side beam 16 and the inner side beam 18 of the frame 2.
Referring to FIGS. 1, 11 and 12, one end of the inner side beam 18
is coupled at right angles to a side portion of the side beam 16
nearly at the center in the lengthwise direction thereof, the side
beam 16 coupling the corner struts 4 and 8 together. At a portion
where the inner side beam 18 is coupled to the side beam 16, a
support plate 70 which is a rectangular steel plate is secured by
welding across the ends of the upper flange UF and the lower flange
LF of the side beam 16. The support plate 70 extends on the outer
side of the web W in parallel therewith maintaining a distance. A
reinforcing plate 71 which is a steel plate is arranged and is
secured by welding among the center of the support plate 70 in the
direction of width thereof, web W, upper flange UF and lower flange
LF, and extends in the up-and-down direction to meet at right
angles thereto. Two mounting holes 72 are formed in the support
plate 70 on either side divided by the reinforcing plate 71
maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction. A coupling
plate 73 which is a rectangular steel plate is secured by welding
to an end of the inner side beam 18 at right angles with the inner
side beam 18. Two mounting holes 74 are formed in the coupling
plate 73 on either side divided by the web W of the inner side beam
18 maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction.
[0174] The inner side beam 18 has the coupling plate 73 that is
substantially brought into contact with the support plate 70 of the
side beam 16 via an annular plate 75 in a manner that the mounting
holes 54 of the coupling plate 73 are in alignment with the
mounting holes 72 of the support plate 70 of the side beam 16. The
inner side beam 18 is detachably fastened to the side beam 16 by
protruding the bolts 76 inward of the support plate 70 of the side
beam 16 through washers 77, mounting holes 74, annular plate 75,
mounting holes 72 and washers 78. The other end, too, of the inner
side beam 18 is coupled at right angles to the side portion of the
side beam 12 at the central portion in the lengthwise direction
thereof, the side beam 12 coupling the corner struts 6 and 7
together. The upper surfaces of the side beams 16 and 12 and the
upper surface of the inner side beam 18 are positioned on a
substantially common plane. The inner side beam 18 is constituted
by an H-beam having substantially the same shape and the same size
as those of the side beams 10, 12, 14 and 16. Thus, the inner side
beam 18 and the side beams 16, 12, too, are detachably coupled
easily, reliably and quickly by using bolts 76 and nuts 79 which
are the internally threaded members. The bolts 76 are M16 which are
the same as the above-mentioned bolts 62.
[0175] Next, described below is a coupling structure for coupling
the upper side beams 20 and 26 to the corner strut 4 of the frame
2. Referring to FIGS. 1, 13 and 14, the ends of the upper side
beams 20 and 26 which in this embodiment are steel pipes of an
ortho-square shape are coupled to the inner side walls 46 and 47
which are meeting at right angles with each other at the upper end
of the corner strut 4, the inner side walls 46 and 47 facing each
other in the horizontal direction along the side edges that meet at
right angles with each other. Pairs of mounting holes 80 are formed
in the upper ends of the one inner side wall 46 and in the other
inner side wall 47 of the corner strut 4 at the same height
maintaining a distance in the horizontal direction. Rectangular
coupling plates 81 which are steel plates are secured by welding to
the ends of the upper side beams 20 and 26 coupled to the corner
strut 4 at right angles with the upper side beams 20 and 26. The
open ends of the upper side beams 20 and 26 are closed by the
coupling plates 81. A pair of internally threaded holes 82 are
formed in each coupling plate 81 at the same height maintaining a
distance in the horizontal direction.
[0176] The one upper side beam 20 has the coupling plate 81 that is
substantially brought into contact with the one inner side wall 46
via an annular plate 85 in a manner that the internally threaded
holes 82 of the coupling plate 81 are in alignment with the
mounting holes 80 of the one inner side wall 46. The one upper side
beam 20 is detachably fastened to the one inner side wall 46 of the
corner strut 4 by bringing the bolts 83 into engagement with the
internally threaded holes 82 from upper open end of the corner
strut 4 through the washers 84, mounting holes 80 and annular plate
85.
[0177] The other upper side beam 26 has the coupling plate 81 that
is substantially brought into contact with the other inner side
wall 47 via an annular plate 85 in a manner that the internally
threaded holes 82 of the coupling plate 81 are in alignment with
the mounting holes 80 of the other inner side wall 47. The other
upper side beam 26 is detachably fastened to the other inner side
wall 47 of the corner strut 4 by bringing the bolts 83 into
engagement with the internally threaded holes 82 from upper open
end of the corner strut 4 through the washers 84, mounting holes 80
and annular plate 85.
[0178] As described above, the corner strut 4 and the upper side
beams 20, 26 are coupled together easily, reliably and quickly by
turning the bolts from the upper open ends of the corner strut 4.
The bolts 83 are M16 which are the same as the above-mentioned
bolts 62 and 76. In the frame 2, the coupling structure for
coupling the corner strut 4 and the upper side beams 20 and 26 can
also be applied to coupling the corner strut 6 and the upper side
beams 20 and 22, coupling the corner strut 7 and the upper side
beams 22 and 24, and coupling the corner strut 8 and the upper side
beams 24 and 26. The upper end surfaces of the corner struts 4, 6,
8 and 10 and the upper surfaces of the upper side beams 20, 22, 24
and 26 are positioned on a substantially common plane.
[0179] As described above with reference to FIGS. 1, 7 and 15 to
17, the frame 2 includes floor spaces F1 and F2, and rectangular
floor units 38 are fitted into the floor spaces F1 and F2. The
peripheral edges of the floor unit 38 are constituted by four frame
members 86 made of steel plates. The frame members 86 having
lengths corresponding to the four side edges of the floor unit 38
include a vertical wall 87 and a flange 88 extending at right
angles outwards from the upper end of the vertical wall 87, and
have substantially the same shape and the same size in cross
section. A plurality of transverse beams 90 are extending in the
direction of width in parallel maintaining a distance in the
lengthwise direction of the floor unit 38 (right-and-left direction
in FIG. 7) between the vertical walls 87 of the frame members 86
facing each other in the direction of width of the floor unit 38
(in the up-and-down direction in FIG. 7). Both ends of the
transverse beams 90 are secured to the vertical walls 87 by
welding. A plurality of longitudinal beams 92 are extending in
parallel in the lengthwise direction maintaining a distance in the
direction of width of the floor unit 38 between the transverse
beams 90 facing each other, between the transverse beam 90
positioned at an end of the floor unit 38 in the lengthwise
direction and the vertical wall 87 of the frame member 86 facing
thereto, and between the transverse beam 90 positioned at the other
end of the floor unit 38 in the lengthwise direction and the
vertical wall 87 of the frame member 86 facing thereto. The
plurality of longitudinal beams 92 are secured to their
corresponding side beams 90 and to the vertical walls 87 by
welding.
[0180] Upper surfaces of the metallic pipes having a square shape
in cross section and substantially the same shape and the same size
or, in this embodiment, of the transverse beams 90 which are the
square steel pipes and the upper surfaces of the metallic pipes
having a square shape in cross section and substantially the same
shape and the same size or, in this embodiment, of the longitudinal
beams 92 which are the square steel pipes, are positioned on a
plane which is substantially common to the upper surfaces of the
flanges 88. The height of the transverse beams 90 is nearly the
same as the height of the frame members 86, and the height of the
longitudinal beams 92 is lower than the height of the transverse
beams 90. At the lower ends at both ends of the floor unit 38 in
the lengthwise direction, there are arranged the transverse beams
94 so as to extend in the direction of width along the inner sides
of the vertical walls 87 of the frame members 86 facing each other
in the lengthwise direction of the floor unit 38. Both ends of the
transverse beams 94 are secured to the vertical walls 87 of the
frame members 86 of the floor unit 38 facing in the direction of
width. Regions between both ends of the transverse beams 94 are
secured at suitable positions by welding to the inner sides of the
vertical walls 87 of the frame members 86 of the floor unit 38
facing in the lengthwise direction. The transverse beams 94 are
made of metallic pipes having a square shape in cross section and
substantially the same shape and the same size or, in this
embodiment, are made of steel pipes having an ortho-square shape in
cross section.
[0181] A plurality of horizontally extending braces 96 are arranged
in both end regions of the floor unit 38 in the lengthwise
direction. The brace 96 arranged in one region in the lengthwise
direction of the floor unit 38 is extending aslant from the inside
at the center in the direction of width of the vertical wall 87 of
the frame member 86 arranged at an end in the lengthwise direction
toward the inside of the vertical wall 87 of the frame members 86
arranged on both sides in the direction of width as viewing the
floor unit 38 on a plane. Further, the brace 96 arranged in the
other region in the lengthwise direction of the floor unit 38 is
extending aslant from the inside at the center in the direction of
width of the vertical wall 87 of the frame member 86 arranged at
the other end in the lengthwise direction toward the inside of the
vertical wall 87 of the frame members 86 arranged on both sides in
the direction of width as viewing the floor unit 38 on a plane. The
braces 96 made of a metal (steel in this embodiment) are of a
square shape in cross section having substantially the same shape
and the same size as those of the longitudinal beams 92. The upper
surfaces of the braces 96 are positioned on a plane substantially
in common to the upper surfaces of the flanges 88. Onto the upper
surfaces of the floor units 38, at least one floor plate or, in
this embodiment, four floor plates 98 are secured by securing means
such as tapping screws or an adhesive, that is not shown.
[0182] One floor unit 38 is fitted to the floor space F1 from the
upper side, the peripheral flanges 88 are placed on the upper
surfaces of the four beams specifying the floor space F1 or, in
this embodiment, are placed on the upper surfaces of the side beams
10, 12 and 16 and of the inner side beam 18, and the vertical walls
87 are detachably fastened to their corresponding side beams 10,
12, 16 and to the inner side beam 18 by using bolts 100 and
internally threaded members 102.
[0183] The coupling structures for coupling the floor unit 38 to
the side beams 10, 12, 16 and to the inner side beam 18 are
substantially the same. As a representative example, therefore,
concretely described below is a structure for coupling the floor
unit 38 to the side beam 10. At a portion where the side beam 10
which is an H-beam is coupled to the floor unit 38, a support plate
104 which is a rectangular steel plate is secured by welding
between the opposing ends of the upper flange UF and the lower
flange LF of the side beam 10. The support plate 104 extends on the
outer side of the web W in parallel therewith maintaining a
distance. Between the support plate 104 and the side surface of the
web W, an internally threaded member 102 having an internally
threaded hole 106 formed at one end thereof (region from one end to
nearly the other end in the embodiment) is secured by welding in a
manner that the internally threaded hole 106 is opened in the outer
surface of the support plate 104. The internally threaded member
102 is positioned at the center in the up-and-down direction of the
web W. The internally threaded member 102 can be obtained by
cutting a metallic round rod and has the same diameter from one end
up to the other end thereof. A mounting hole 108 is formed in the
vertical wall 86 of the floor unit 38 at a position corresponding
to the internally threaded hole 106 of the internally threaded
member 102. The mounting hole 108 is positioned at the lower end of
the vertical wall 86.
[0184] The floor unit 38 is detachably fastened to the side beam in
a state where it is fitted and placed in the floor space F1 from
the upper side by bringing the bolts 100 into engagement with the
internally threaded holes 106 of the internally threaded members
102 through washers 110, mounting holes 108 and annular plate 112.
In this embodiment, the bolts 100 are M12 mentioned above. This
coupling structure is provided at four places between the floor
unit 38 fitted in the floor space F1 and the side beam 10, at four
places between the floor unit 38 and the inner side beam 18, at two
places between the floor unit 38 and the side beam 12, and at two
places between the floor unit 38 and the side beam 16 (see portions
designated at M12 in FIG. 7). A transverse beam 94 exists at the
lower end of the vertical wall 86, that faces the side beams 12 and
16, of the floor unit 38 mounted on the floor space F1. Therefore,
the above coupling structures inclusive of the internally threaded
members 102 are arranged at positions higher than the transverse
beam 94, but have the same constitution.
[0185] The above coupling structure is provided at four places
between the floor unit 38 mounted in the floor space F2 and the
side beam 14, at four places between the floor unit 38 and the
inner side beam 18, at two places between the floor unit 38 and the
side beam 12 and at two places between the floor unit 38 and the
side beam 16.
[0186] As will be obvious from the foregoing description, the floor
units 38 are fitted and placed in the floor spaces F1 and F2, and
are detachably fastened to the side beams 10, 12, 16, to the inner
side beam 18, to the side beams 12, 14, 16 and to the inner side
beam 18 firmly and quickly by simply screwing the bolts 100 into
the internally threaded members 102. The floor unit 38 is of a
rectangular shape having substantially a constant thickness and has
a very simple appearance. The floor unit 38 incorporates horizontal
braces 96 integrally therewith, and features excellent quake-proof
structure.
[0187] As described earlier with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 18 and
19, rectangular side edge spaces S1 to S4 are formed in the four
side edge regions formed by the frame 2, and side wall units 30,
32, 34 and 36 are fitted to the side edge spaces S1 to S4 and are
detachably coupled thereto by using bolts and internally threaded
members. Basic constitutions of the side wall units 30, 32, 34 and
36 and coupling structures for the frame 2 are substantially the
same. As representative examples, therefore, described below are
the constitution of the side wall unit 30 and the coupling
structure for the frame 2 in the side space S1.
[0188] Hollow mounting members 120 having a square shape in cross
section (ortho-square shape in the embodiment) are integrally
disposed at four corners and on the four side edges of the side
wall unit 30 that has a rectangular shape on a plane. The hollow
mounting members 120 having substantially the same shape and the
same size are arranged with their axes directed to both surfaces of
the side wall unit 38. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the
hollow mounting members 120 are disposed in a number of one at four
corners, in a number of two along both side edges in the lengthwise
direction, and in a number of two along both side edges in the
direction of width. FIGS. 18 and 19 illustrate the hollow mounting
members 120 disposed at the left lower corner of the side wall unit
30 illustrated in FIG. 4 and on the side edge close thereto. The
hollow mounting member 120 is constituted by four side walls having
a predetermined thickness and a width in the axial direction or, in
this embodiment, is constituted by four side walls 121 having the
same thickness and the width in the axial direction, and is formed
by cutting a metallic square pipe or, concretely, by cutting a
square steel pipe. Mounting holes 122 are formed in the two side
walls 121 meeting at right angles of the hollow mounting member 120
disposed at the corner, i.e., in the two side surfaces 121 facing
outward of the side wall unit 30. Mounting holes 122 are formed in
one side wall of the hollow mounting members 120 arranged along the
side edges of the side wall unit 30 and facing outward of the side
wall unit 30. Namely, in FIG. 18, mounting holes 122 are formed in
one side wall 121 of the hollow mounting member 120 arranged along
the left side edge of the side wall unit 30 and facing outward on
the left side of the side wall unit 30, and are formed in one side
wall 121 of the hollow mounting member 120 arranged along the lower
side edge of the side wall unit 30 and facing outward on the lower
side of the side wall unit 30. The hollow mounting members 120
arranged at the other three corners and along the other two side
edges of the side wall unit 38 have substantially the same
constitution as described above and are arranged in the same
manner.
[0189] The side wall unit 30 includes a plurality of side frames
(e.g., side frames 124a, 124b, 124c, etc.) extending along the four
side edges of the side wall unit 30, a plurality of transverse
frames (e.g., transverse frames 126a, 126b, 126c, etc.) extending
in the direction of width (up-and-down direction in FIG. 4), and a
plurality of longitudinal frames (e.g., longitudinal frames 128a,
128b, 128c, etc.) extending in the lengthwise direction
(right-and-left direction in FIG. 4), that are suitably laid out
and are secured to each other by welding. The hollow mounting
members 120 are secured to the frames by welding. The longitudinal
frames, transverse frames and side frames are made of metallic
pipes having a square shape in cross section and having
substantially the same shape and the same size or, in this
embodiment, are made of a steel pipe having an ortho-square shape
in cross section. The hollow mounting members 120 have a width in
the axial direction which is substantially the same as the width of
the side frames, transverse frames and longitudinal frames. One end
surfaces of the hollow mounting members 120 in the axial direction,
one surface of the side wall unit 30 formed by the surfaces on one
side of the side frames, transverse frames and longitudinal frames,
the other end surfaces of the hollow mounting members 120 in the
axial direction, the other surface of the side wall unit 30 formed
by the surfaces on the other side of the side frames, transverse
frames and longitudinal frames, are positioned on substantially
common planes which are in parallel with each other. The four side
surfaces of the side wall unit 30 are positioned on a substantially
common plane.
[0190] Two side walls meeting at right angles among the side walls
121 of the hollow mounting members 120 arranged at four corners of
the side wall unit 30 or two side walls 121 facing outward of the
side wall unit 30, define portions of the side walls of the side
wall unit 30 meeting at right angles at the corners of the side
wall unit 30, and one side wall among the side walls 12 of the
hollow mounting member 120 arranged along the side edge of the side
wall unit 30 or the one side wall 121 facing outward of the side
wall unit 30 defines a portion of the side wall along the side edge
of the side wall unit 30.
[0191] The side wall unit 30 includes two side frames 124a and 124b
extending at right angles along the two side edges from the hollow
mounting member 120 arranged at each corner, and brace frames 120
extending aslant relative to the two side frames 124a and 124b. A
substantially right-angled triangle is formed by two side frames
124a, 124b and by the brace frames 129 as viewing the side wall
unit 30 on a plane. The brace frames are made of metallic pipes
having a square shape in cross section and having substantially the
same shape and the same size as those of the longitudinal frames,
transverse frames and side frames or, in this embodiment, are made
of steel pipes having an ortho-square shape in cross section.
[0192] Referring to FIG. 2, on one surface of the side wall unit 30
having the frame constituted as described above, there are attached
a plurality of boards 130a, 130b, 130c and 130d by using suitable
securing means such as tapping screws or an adhesive that is not
shown, as well as two windows 132. The thus constituted side wall
unit 30 is fitted to the side edge space S1, and is detachably
fastened to the frame 2 by using bolts and internally threaded
members.
[0193] In the pair of side beams, i.e., in the upper side beam 20
and in the side beam positioned under the upper side beam 20 and in
the pair of corner struts 4 and 6 defining the side edge space S1
with reference to FIGS. 5, 13, 20, 21 and 24, there are provided
internally threaded members 135 having internally threaded holes
134 at one end thereof, internally threaded members 137 having
internally threaded holes 136 at one end thereof and internally
threaded members 139 having internally threaded holes 138 at one
end thereof at positions corresponding to the mounting holes 122 of
the hollow mounting members 120 facing the upper side beam 20, the
side beam 10 and the pair of corner struts 4 and 6 among the hollow
mounting members 120 of one or a plurality of (one in this
embodiment) side wall units 30 fitted to the side edge space S1, in
a manner that the internally threaded holes 134, 136 and 138 are
opened in the side edge space S1.
[0194] The internally threaded members 135 are arranged at a
plurality of places or, in this embodiment, at six places of the
upper side beam 20 so as to extend in the vertical direction
maintaining a distance in the lengthwise direction. Through holes
having common axes are formed in the inner side wall and in the
outer side wall of the upper side beam 20 facing each other in the
vertical direction at positions where the internally threaded
members 135 are mounted, the internally threaded members 135 being
secured by welding (see FIG. 13) in a state of being fitted in the
corresponding through holes. The one end surfaces of the internally
threaded members 135 (one end surfaces where the internally
threaded holes 134 are opened) are positioned substantially in
flush with the outer surface of the inner side wall (inner side
wall facing the side edge space S1) of the upper side beam 20, and
the other end surfaces of the internally threaded members 135 are
positioned substantially in flush with the outer surface of the
outer side wall. The internally threaded members 135 can be formed
by cutting a metallic round rod and have the same diameter from one
end up to the other end. The positions of the upper side beam 20
where the internally threaded members 135 are arranged are those
positions where the internally threaded members are indicated so as
to extend in the vertical directions among the positions designated
at U in FIGS. 5 and 13. The upper side beam 20 is constituted by a
steel pipe having a square shape in cross section, and the
internally threaded members 135 are inserted in the through holes
in a manner to meet the upper side beam 20 at right angles in the
vertical direction, and are secured integrally therein by welding,
contributing to enhancing the strength of the upper side beam
20.
[0195] The internally threaded members 137 are disposed in the
corner struts 4 and 6 maintaining a distance in the up-and-down
direction and horizontally extending in a direction in which the
corner struts 4 and 6 are facing each other. Through holes having
common axes are formed in the inner side wall and in the outer side
wall of the corner struts 4 and 6 facing each other in the
horizontal direction at positions corresponding to the positions
where the internally threaded members 137 are mounted, the
internally threaded members 137 being secured by welding in a state
of being fitted into the corresponding through holes (see FIGS. 13
and 24). The one end surfaces of the internally threaded members
137 (one end surfaces where the internally threaded holes 136 are
opened) are positioned substantially in flush with the outer
surface of the inner side wall (inner side wall facing the side
edge space S1) of the corner struts 4 and 6, and the other end
surfaces of the internally threaded members 137 are positioned
substantially in flush with the outer surface of the outer side
wall. The internally threaded members 137 can be formed by cutting
a metallic round rod and have the same diameter from one end up to
the other end. The positions of the corner struts 4 and 6 where the
internally threaded members 137 are arranged are those positions
designated at U in FIGS. 5 and 13. The corner struts 4 and 6 are
constituted by steel pipes having a square shape in cross section,
and the internally threaded members 137 are inserted in the through
holes in a manner to meet the corner struts 4 and 6 at right angles
in the horizontal direction, and are secured integrally therein by
welding, contributing to enhancing the strength of the corner
struts 4 and 6.
[0196] Referring to FIGS. 5, 6, 20 and 21, mounting holes 140 are
formed in the side beam 10 at positions corresponding to the
mounting holes 122 of the hollow mounting members 120 of the side
wall unit 30, the mounting holes 140 being in concentric with the
axes that pass through the center of the web W in the direction of
width and meet the upper and lower flanges UF and LF at right
angles, and the mounting holes 140 further extending up to the
upper end of the web W from the upper surface of the upper flange
UF. The internally threaded holes 138 are inserted in the
corresponding mounting holes in a manner that the internally
threaded holes 138 are opened in the upper surface of the upper
flange UF, and are secured therein by welding. The internally
threaded members 139 are formed by cutting a metallic round rod and
have the same diameter from one end up to the other end. The
internally threaded holes 138 are formed from the ends on one side
of the corresponding internally threaded members 139 up to near the
other ends thereof. In the side beam 10 positioned under the upper
side beam 20, the internally threaded members 139 are disposed at
positions designated at U in FIGS. 5 and 6. As described above,
though the mounting holes are formed in the side beam 10 which is
the H-beam, a required strength of the H-beam is maintained since
the mounting holes 140 are relatively short and the internally
threaded members 139 are inserted and are firmly welded
therein.
[0197] Referring to FIGS. 4, 13, 22, 23 and 25, when the side wall
unit 30 is fitted into the side edge space S1, the mounting holes
122 of the hollow mounting members 120 are brought into alignment
with the internally threaded holes 134, 136 and 138 of the
corresponding internally threaded members 135, 137 and 139. In this
state, the bolts 141 are brought into engagement with the
corresponding internally threaded holes 134, 136 and 138 of the
internally threaded members 135, 137 and 139 through washers 143,
mounting holes and annular plates 143, so that the side wall unit
130 is detachably fastened to the upper side beam 20, to the pair
of corner struts 4 and 6, and to the side beam 10. The bolts 141
that are used are M12. Though not illustrated, the state of
coupling the hollow mounting members 120 to the internally threaded
members 135 is substantially the same as the state of coupling the
hollow mounting members 120 to the internally threaded members 137
(see FIG. 25).
[0198] Even when the boards 130a to 130d are arranged on the outer
side surface of the side wall unit 30 in a state where the side
surface unit 30 is fitted into the side edge space S1, the hollow
mounting members 120 are opened in the solid space of the frame 2,
making it possible to accomplish the fastening to the frame 2
easily, reliably and quickly by utilizing the hollow mounting
members 120 and by using the bolts 141 and the internally threaded
members 135, 137 and 139. The side wall unit 30 is formed in a
rectangular shape having nearly a constant thickness, and is simple
in appearance and can be easily transported and stored. The brace
frame 129 is integrally incorporated in the corner regions of the
side wall unit 30 to maintain excellent quake-proof structure. In a
state where the side wall unit 30 is fitted into the side edge
space S1, the corner struts 4 and 6 and the upper side beam 20
exhibit increased strengths since the internally threaded members
135 and 137 have been buried therein among the corner struts 4, 6,
upper side beam 20 and the side beam 10 specifying the side edge
space S1. When the side wall unit 30 is fastened by bolts 141,
therefore, the frame 2 exhibits increased strength due to the
cooperation among the side wall unit 30, corner struts 4 and 6,
upper side beam 20 and side beam 10. After the side wall unit 30 is
fastened to the frame 2, suitable boards can be mounted on the
inner side surface of the side wall unit 30.
[0199] The basic constitutions of the other side wall units 32, 34
and 36 (basic constitution inclusive of the hollow mounting members
120) and the coupling structure to the frame 2, are substantially
the same as the above-mentioned constitution of the side wall unit
30 and the coupling structure for the frame 2, and are not
described here. Constitutions of frames of other side wall units
32, 34 and 36 are suitably formed depending upon the shape of the
window, arrangement and installation of a door. FIG. 3 illustrates
a side wall unit 36. In the side wall unit 36, there are arranged a
window 132 and a slide-type door 144. Boards 145a, 145b, 145c and
145d are arranged on other outer surfaces. The constitution of the
frame of the side wall unit 36 is suitably set to meet the above
layout. However, the basic constitution is the same as that of the
side wall unit 30 arranging the hollow mounting members 120 at the
corners and along the side edges.
[0200] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 26, the frame 2 forms the upper
space R1, and a plurality of or, in this embodiment, three
rectangular roof units 40, 42 and 44 which are longitudinally
elongated are mounted on the upper end of the frame 2 so as to
cover the upper space R1 from the upper side, and are detachably
coupled by using bolts and internally threaded members. In the
following description, the roof unit 40 positioned on one side
(left side in FIG. 26) in a direction in agreement with the
direction of width (right-and-left direction in FIG. 26) of the
roof units 40, 42 and 44 in the upper space R1, is called roof unit
40 of the one side, the roof unit 44 positioned on the other side
(right side in FIG. 26) in the direction in agreement with the
direction of width of the upper space R1 is called the roof unit 44
of the other side, and the roof unit 42 positioned between the roof
unit 40 of the one side and the roof unit 44 of the other side is
called the intermediate roof unit 42.
[0201] First, the constitution of the intermediate roof unit 42 and
the coupling structure to the frame 2 will be described. Referring
to FIGS. 27 to 30, the intermediate roof unit 42 has four channel
plates 160 which define the peripheral edges being arranged in a
rectangular shape and having open ends that are directed inward.
The channel plates 160 have substantially the same shape and the
same size in cross section, and have a vertical wall 160a, and
upper flange 160b and a lower flange 160c that are folded inward at
right angles from the upper end and the lower end of the vertical
wall 160a. The channel plates 160 are made of a suitable metal
plate or, in this embodiment, a steel plate.
[0202] A plurality of transverse beams 162 and 163 are arranged
between the vertical walls 160a of the channel plate 160 facing in
the direction of width of the intermediate roof unit 42
(up-and-down direction in FIG. 28) maintaining a distance in the
lengthwise direction of the intermediate roof unit 42 in a manner
of gradually increasing the height in the lengthwise direction of
the intermediate roof unit 42 from a position close to one end
(left end in FIG. 28) through up to a position close to the other
end (right end in FIG. 28). Among the transverse beams 162 and 163
horizontally extending, the transverse beams 163 are made of square
metallic pipes or, in this embodiment, square steel pipes having
substantially the same shape and the same size and having a square
shape in cross section (square shape longitudinally elongated in
the up-and-down direction), and their ends are secured by welding
to the vertical walls 160a of the corresponding channel plates 160,
excluding the transverse beams 162 that are arranged at positions
closest to the one end and to the other end in the lengthwise
direction. The upper surfaces of the transverse beams 163 are
positioned on a common inclined surface. The transverse beams 162
arranged at the positions closest to the ends in the lengthwise
direction are made of square metal pipes or, in this embodiment,
square steel pipes having a square shape larger than that of the
transverse beams 163 (square shape broadened in the horizontal
direction), and their both ends are secured by welding to the
vertical walls 160a of the corresponding channel plates 160. The
same transverse beam 163 is arranged in the same manner at a
position after the second transverse beam 163 from the other end in
the lengthwise direction.
[0203] Under several transverse beams 162, reinforcing transverse
beams 164 are secured by welding to the vertical walls 160a of the
channel plates 160 facing in the direction of width. The transverse
beams 164 are made of square metallic pipes or, in this embodiment,
square steel pipes having an ortho-square shape in cross section
having the same width as the width of the transverse beams 162 in
the horizontal direction. Between the transverse beams 164 and the
transverse beams 163, there are arranged a plurality of reinforcing
plates 165 maintaining a distance in the lengthwise direction so as
to extend in the vertical direction, and are secured by welding. On
the lower surfaces of the transverse beams 163 at positions lower
than the transverse beams 163 for which the reinforcing plates 165
are arranged, there are arranged a plurality of reinforcing plates
166 maintaining a distance in the lengthwise direction so as to
hang down from the lower surfaces and are secured by welding.
Reinforcing plates 167 are secured by welding to the lower ends of
the reinforcing plates 166 so as to horizontally extend in the
direction of width. At the center of the intermediate roof unit 42
in the direction of width, there are linearly arranged a plurality
of longitudinal beams 168 in the lengthwise direction. The
longitudinal beams 168 are arranged at the lower ends of the
intermediate roof unit 42, and are secured by welding to the
transverse beams 162, transverse beams 163, and to the vertical
walls 160a of the channel plates 160 existing at the other end in
the lengthwise direction.
[0204] In the inner regions of the transverse beams 162 facing each
other, there are integrally arranged a plurality of braces 169
extending aslant as viewed on a plane from the inner sides at both
ends of the transverse beams 162 toward the longitudinal beams 168.
As viewing the intermediate roof unit 42 on a plane, a triangle is
formed by the transverse beams 162 and by the braces 169 extending
from the inner sides thereof. The braces 169 and the longitudinal
beams 168 are made of square metallic pipes or, in this embodiment,
square steel pipes having substantially the same shape and the same
size and having an ortho-square shape in cross section. Thus, the
intermediate roof unit 42 incorporates the braces 169 integrally
therewith to maintain a required strength and exhibits a simple
appearance. The lower surfaces of the braces 169, reinforcing
plates 167, reinforcing transverse beams 164, transverse beams 162
and longitudinal beams 168 are positioned on substantially the same
plane as the lower surfaces of the lower flanges 160c of the
channel plates 160.
[0205] A trough member 170 is arranged at one end in the lengthwise
direction of the intermediate roof unit 42. The trough member 170
comprises a channel-shaped metal plate or, in this embodiment, is a
steel plate that is opened upward, and is provided between the
transverse beam 162 arranged at one end in the lengthwise direction
and the vertical wall 160a of the channel plate 160 existing at the
one end or the vertical wall 160a of the channel plate 160 facing
in the direction of width. The trough member 170 is secured by
welding to the vertical wall 160a and to the transverse beam 162. A
drain port 172 is formed in the bottom of the trough member 170. At
least one roof plate 174 or, in this embodiment, a plurality of
roof plates 174 are mounted on the transverse beams 163 extending
from the other end up to the one end of the intermediate roof unit
42 in the lengthwise direction thereof in a manner of being
inclined downward. The upper surfaces of the roof plates 174 are
existing substantially on a common inclined plane. One end of each
roof plate 174 having the smallest height in the lengthwise
direction thereof is positioned on the trough member 170, and the
one end inclusive of the above one end is placed on the upper
surface of the transverse beam 162 neighboring the trough member
170.
[0206] Referring to FIGS. 26, 27 to 29 and 31, end-engaging flange
means 180 are arranged on the lower surfaces at both ends in the
lengthwise direction of the intermediate roof unit 42 hanging from
the lower surface and extending substantially the whole range in
the direction of width. Each end-engaging flange means 180 is
constituted by a pair of end-engaging flanges 181 and 182 that hang
down from the lower surfaces at both ends in the lengthwise
direction of the intermediate roof unit 180 and extend in parallel
in the direction of width maintaining a distance in the lengthwise
direction. The upper ends of the pair of end-engaging flanges 181
and 182 are forming mounting portions 181a and 182a that are
extending at right angles in the directions to approach each other,
and the mounting portions 181a and 182a are secured by welding to
the lower surface of the corresponding transverse beam 162. A
plurality of or, in this embodiment, three mounting holes 183
having common axes are formed in the end-engaging flanges 181 and
182 of the end-engaging flange means 180. The distance between the
end-engaging flanges 181 and 182 of each end-engaging flange means
180 is slightly greater than the width of the upper side beams 24
and 20. The end-engaging flanges 181 and 182 of the end-engaging
means 180 may be formed integrally together.
[0207] Referring to FIGS. 26, 31 and 32, end-engaging flange means
180 are arranged on the lower surfaces at both ends in the
lengthwise direction of the roof unit 42 of the one side hanging
from the lower surface and extending from the one side in the
direction of width (left side in FIGS. 26 and 31) up to the other
side in the direction of width (right side in FIGS. 26 and 31). One
side-engaging flange means 190 is arranged on the lower surface of
the roof unit 40 of the one side on the one side thereof in the
direction of width hanging from the lower surface on the one side
thereof in the direction of width and extending in the lengthwise
direction. The one side-engaging flange means 190 has substantially
the same constitution as the above end-engaging flange means 180
(hereinafter, the portions substantially the same as those of the
end-engaging flange means 180 are denoted by the same reference
numerals). The length of the one side-engaging flange means 190 is
nearly the same as that of the upper side beam 26, and the distance
between the one side-engaging flanges 181 and 182 of the one
side-engaging flange means 190 is slightly greater than the width
of the upper side beam 26. In other respects, the roof unit 40 of
the one side has substantially the same constitution as that of the
intermediate roof unit 42, and is not described.
[0208] End-engaging flange means 180 are arranged on the lower
surfaces at both ends in the lengthwise direction of the roof unit
42 of the other side hanging from the lower surface and extending
from the other side in the direction of width (right side in FIGS.
26 and 31) up to the one side in the direction of width (left side
in FIGS. 26 and 31). Other side-engaging flange means 192 is
arranged on the lower surface of the roof unit 40 of the other side
on the other side thereof in the direction of width hanging from
the lower surface on the other side thereof in the direction of
width and extending in the lengthwise direction. The other
side-engaging flange means 192 has substantially the same
constitution as the above end-engaging flange means 180
(hereinafter, the portions substantially the same as those of the
end-engaging flange means 180 are denoted by the same reference
numerals). The length of the other side-engaging flange means 192
is nearly the same as that of the upper side beam 22, and the
distance between the other side-engaging flanges 181 and 182 of the
other side-engaging flange means 192 is slightly greater than the
width of the upper side beam 22. In other respects, the roof unit
40 of the other side has substantially the same constitution as
that of the intermediate roof unit 42, and is not described.
[0209] Referring to FIGS. 5, 13, 14 and 26, internally threaded
members 195 extending in a horizontal direction to face each other
and forming internally threaded holes 194 at the one end and/or the
other end thereof or, in this embodiment, at the one end thereof,
are buried in the portions of the upper side beams 20 and 24
defining a pair of side edges facing each other of the frame 2
coupled to the roof unit 40 of the one side, to the intermediate
roof unit 42 and to the roof unit 44 of the other side, in a manner
that the internally threaded holes 194 are opened in the inner side
walls of the corresponding upper side beams 20 and 24 facing the
upper space R1. Further, internally threaded members 195 extending
in a horizontal direction facing each other and forming internally
threaded holes 194 at one end and/or the other end thereof or, in
this embodiment, at one end thereof, are buried in the portions of
the upper side beams 26 and 22 defining another pair of side edges
facing each other of the frame 2 coupled to the roof unit 40 of the
one side or to the roof unit 44 of the other side, in a manner that
the internally threaded holes 194 are opened in the inner side
walls of the corresponding upper side beams 26 and 22 facing the
upper space R1. The constitution of the internally threaded members
195 and the mounting state are substantially the same as the
constitution of the internally threaded members 137 and the
mounting state thereof described above, and are not repeated here.
The upper side beams 20, 22, 24 and 26 are constituted by steel
pipes of a square shape in cross section, and the internally
threaded members 195 are inserted in the through holes so as to
meet the upper side beams 20, 22, 24 and 26 at right angles in the
horizontal direction, and are secured therein integrally by welding
contributing to increasing the strength of the upper side beams 20,
22, 24 and 26.
[0210] The roof unit 40 of the one side, the intermediate roof unit
42 and the roof unit 44 of the other side are placed at their both
ends in the lengthwise direction on the upper side beams 20 and 24,
and the pairs of end-engaging flanges 181 and 182 of the
end-engaging flange means 180 are positioned being overlapped on
the inner sides and the outer sides of the upper side beams 20 and
24, and are detachably fastened from the inner sides by using bolts
196 (see FIG. 29) and internally threaded members 195. Further, the
one side-engaging flanges 181 and 182 of the one side-engaging
flange means 190 of the roof unit 40 of the one side are positioned
being overlapped on the inner side and the outer side of the upper
side beam 26, and the other side-engaging flanges 181 and 182 of
the other side-engaging flange means 192 of the roof unit 44 of the
other side are positioned being overlapped on the inner side and
the outer side of the upper side beam 22, and are, respectively,
detachably fastened by bringing the bolts 196 into engagement with
the internally threaded members 195 from the inner sides through
washers that are not shown. The roof unit 40 of the one side, the
intermediate roof unit 42 and the roof unit 44 of the other side
are neighboring each other in the direction of width and are
mounted on the frame 2 so as to cover the end space R1 from the
upper side. The rectangular peripheral edges of the roof units 40,
42 and 44 protrude outward in the horizontal direction from the
upper peripheral edges of the frame 2 to constitute eaves.
[0211] When the internally threaded holes 194 are formed at both
ends of the internally threaded members 195, the internally
threaded holes 194 are opened in the outer surfaces of the inner
side walls and in the outer surfaces of the outer side walls of the
corresponding upper side beams 20, 22, 24 and 26 facing the upper
space R1. Therefore, the end-engaging flange means 180, one
side-engaging flange means 190 and other side-engaging flange means
192 of the roof units 40, 42 and 44, are fastened to the inner side
walls and to the outer side walls by bolts 196. In the above
embodiment, further, end-engaging flange means 180 of the roof
units 40, 42 and 44 are each constituted by a pair of end-engaging
flanges 181 and 182. According to another embodiment, however, the
end-engaging flange means 180 may be constituted by one
end-engaging flange 181 or 182 hanging down from the lower surface
at both ends in the lengthwise direction of the roof units 40, 42
and 44. In the case of this embodiment, the end-engaging flange 181
or 182 is positioned being overlapped on the inner side or the
outer side of the upper side beams 24 and 20, and is fastened by
bolts 196 from the inner side or the outer side. According to
another embodiment, similarly, the one side-engaging flange means
190 may be constituted by one side-engaging flange 181 or 182
hanging down from the lower surface on one side in the direction of
width of the roof unit 40 of the one side. In the case of this
embodiment, the one side-engaging flange 181 or 182 is positioned
being overlapped on the inner side or the outer side of the upper
side beam 26, and is fastened by bolts 196 from the inner side or
the outer side. Further, according to another embodiment, the other
side-engaging flange means 192 may be constituted by the other
side-engaging flange 181 or 182 hanging down from the lower surface
on the other side in the direction of width of the roof unit 44 of
the other side. In the case of this embodiment, the other
side-engaging flange 181 or 182 is positioned being overlapped on
the inner side or the outer side of the upper side beam 22, and is
fastened by bolts 196 from the inner side or the outer side.
[0212] Referring to FIG. 29, at least one ceiling panel member 197
is secured by, for example, tapping screws 198 to the lower surface
of the intermediate roof unit 42 on at least the inner region of
the end-engaging flange means 180. In this embodiment, the ceiling
panel member 197 is arranged even on the region between the other
end of the intermediate roof unit 42 in the lengthwise direction
thereof and the end-engaging flange means 180 near the other end.
According to this embodiment as described above, the ceiling panel
member 197 can be arranged in the intermediate roof unit 42, and
the roof unit and the ceiling can be integrally formed together
offering practical advantage. Similarly, at least one ceiling panel
member is arranged on the lower surface of the roof unit 40 of the
one side on at least the inner regions of the end-engaging flange
means 180 and of the one side-engaging flange means 190, or on the
lower surface of the roof unit 44 of the other side on at least the
inner regions of the end-engaging flange means 180 and of the other
side-engaging flange means 192.
[0213] Referring to FIGS. 53 and 54, a seal plate member is
detachably mounted on the upper end between the vertical walls 160a
of the channel plates 160 facing each other of the roof units 40,
42 and 44 neighboring each other. The seal plate member 200 is made
of an elastic metal such as aluminum, and includes a flat
plate-like sealing substrate 201 having a predetermined width, both
end flanges 202 extending from both ends of the sealing substrate
201 in the direction of width into the side of one surface at right
angles with the one surface, and a central flange 203 extending
from the center of the sealing substrate 201 in the direction of
width into the side of one surface at right angles with the one
surface. The sealing substrate 201, both end flanges 202 and
central flange 203 have the same thickness and extend by the same
length from the one surface of the sealing substrate 201. The
distance between the central flange 203 and both end flanges 202 is
slightly larger than the width of the upper flanges 160b of the
channel plates 160 facing each other of the roof units 40, 42 and
44 neighboring each other. The overall length of the seal plate
member 200 is nearly equal to the overall length of the roof units
40, 42 and 44 in the lengthwise direction.
[0214] The channel plates 160 are fastened together by bolts 204,
washers 205, annular plates 206 arranged between the vertical walls
160a and nuts 207 (mounting holes that are in alignment are
arranged in a plural number in the vertical walls 160a of the
channel plates 160 facing each other) in a state where the central
flange 203 of the seal plate member 200 is inserted from the upper
side into between the vertical walls 160a of the channel plates 160
facing each other, and the sealing substrate 201 is placed on the
upper surfaces of the upper flanges 160b of the channel plates 160.
Both end flanges 202 of the seal plate member 200 are folded in the
directions to approach each other (in the directions indicated by
arrows in FIG. 54) with the ends of the upper flanges 160b of the
channel plates 160 as fulcrums. The seal plate member 200 is firmly
mounted among the upper flanges 160b of the channel plates 160
facing each other of the roof units 40, 42 and 44 neighboring each
other, and gaps among the roof units 40, 42 and 44 neighboring each
other are easily and reliably sealed to prevent the leakage of
water. The seal plate member 200 can be easily mounted on the gaps
among the roof units 40, 42 and 44 neighboring each other by
plugging or bending, and can be easily removed, either.
[0215] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 26, as will be obvious from the
above description, the roof units 40, 42 and 44 are placed on the
upper ends of the frame 2 so as to cover the upper space R1 of the
frame 2 from the upper side, whereby the end-engaging flange means
180 are positioned being overlapped on the inner sides and/or the
outer sides of the corresponding upper side beams 20 and 24
(intermediate roof unit 42), or the end-engaging flange means 180
are positioned being overlapped on the inner sides and/or the outer
sides of the corresponding upper side beams 20 and 24, and the one
side-engaging flange means 190 is positioned being overlapped on
the inner sides and/or on the outer sides of the corresponding
upper side beam 26 (roof unit 40 of the one side), or the
end-engaging flange means 180 are positioned being overlapped on
the inner sides and/or the outer sides of the corresponding upper
side beams 20 and 24, and the other side-engaging flange means 192
is positioned being overlapped on the inner sides and/or on the
outer sides of the corresponding upper side beam 22 (roof unit 44
of the other side). Upon being detachably fastened by bolts 196 and
internally threaded members 195 (see FIG. 29), the roof units 40,
42 and 44 are mounted on the frame 2 so as to cover the upper space
R1 from the upper side. As described above, the roof units 40, 42
and 44 are detachably fastened to the frame 2 easily, reliably and
quickly by using bolts 196 and internally threaded members 195. The
roof units 40, 42 and 44 have the end-engaging flange means 180,
one side-engaging flange means 190, other side-engaging flange
means 192 and roof body excluding the ceiling panel member 197,
that are formed in a rectangular shape having a nearly constant
thickness, and are, hence, simple in appearance and are suited for
being transported and stored. Each roof body integrally
incorporates braces 169 that extend horizontally, and maintains
excellent quake-proof structure. Each roof body is constituted by
common parts and contributes to decreasing the cost.
[0216] Referring to FIG. 1, in the above solid structure, the frame
2 is constituted by detachably fastening the corner struts 4, 6, 7
and 8, side beams 10, 12, 14 and 16, inner side beam 18, upper side
beams 20, 22, 24 and 26 by using bolts and internally threaded
members (inclusive of nuts). This constitution makes it possible to
very easily and quickly carry out the operation for assembling the
solid structure on the site and, hence, to very shorten the period
for assembling and to greatly decrease the total cost. Further, the
disassembling operation on the site can be very facilitated and
quickened making it possible to greatly shorten the period for
disassembling and removal. The coupling structure for coupling the
constituent elements of the frame 2 described above is widely
applicable to the frames included in a variety of solid structures,
enables the operation for assembling the solid structure to be
facilitated and quickened on the site, and makes it possible to
shorten the period of assembling and to greatly decrease the total
cost. In a state of being fitted into the side edge space S1 to S4,
the side wall units 30, 32, 34 and 36 are detachably fastened to
the frame 2 by bolts and internally threaded members to further
promote the above-mentioned effects. The floor units 38 are
detachably fastened to the frame by bolts and internally threaded
members in a state of being fallen on the floor spaces F1 and F2 to
further promote the above-mentioned effects. The roof units 40, 42
and 44 are detachably fastened to the frame 2 by bolts and
internally threaded members in a state of being placed on the upper
ends of the frame 2 so as to cover the upper space R1 to further
promote the above-mentioned effects. The corner struts 4, 6, 7 and
8, side beams 10, 12, 14 and 16, inner side beam 18, upper side
beams 20, 22, 24 and 26, side wall units 30, 32, 34 and 36, floor
units 38, and roof units 40, 42 and 44 are simply constituted, and
the assembly thereof is also simple in constitution maintaining a
sufficient strength. The above-mentioned elements are relatively
light in weight and are simple in constitution, and require reduced
space and cost for storage. Further, the transportation is very
facilitated up to the site and the cost of transportation can be
decreased.
[0217] The side wall units 30, 32, 34 and 36 and the frame 2 are
coupled together by fastening bolts to the internally threaded
members buried in the corresponding corner struts 4, 6, 7 and 8,
side beams 10, 12, 14 and 16, and upper side beams 20, 22, 24 and
26, enabling the assembling to be accomplished easily, reliably and
quickly while maintaining a required strength of the frame 2 (or
rather increasing the strength). It is allowed to effect the
disassembling easily, reliably and quickly, as a matter of course.
According to another embodiment, the side beams 10, 12, 14 and 16
are made of metallic pipes (e.g., steel pipes) having a square
shape in cross section.
[0218] The roof units 40, 42 and 44 and the frame 2 are coupled
together by fastening bolts to the internally threaded members
buried in the corresponding upper side beams 20, 22, 24 and 26,
enabling the assembling to be accomplished easily, reliably and
quickly while maintaining a required strength of the frame 2 (or
rather increasing the strength). It is allowed to effect the
disassembling easily, reliably and quickly, as a matter of
course.
[0219] The above-mentioned solid structure can be used for a
multiplicity of purposes such as an office, a working place, a
temporary house, a lodging house, a store or a structure having
upper internal space that is partitioned by the floor units 38
(e.g., office, domicile, working place) and the lower part thereof
being used as external space such as garage. According to the
embodiment, further, the solid structure can be used as a temporary
warehouse by arranging the side beams 10, 12, 14 and 16 at the
lower ends of the corner struts 4, 6, 7 and 8, removing the inner
side beam 18, and without arranging the floor units 38.
[0220] All of the constituent elements in the above solid structure
are produced in advance in the factory, transported to the site of
installation and are assembled at a low cost and within short
periods of time.
[0221] Next, another embodiment of the solid structure constituted
according to the present invention will be described with reference
to FIGS. 33 to 52. The another embodiment of the solid structure
illustrated in FIGS. 33 to FIG. 52 has the constitutions which are
substantially the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment,
but is not provided with floor units. Besides, the constitution of
the roof units is slightly different. Therefore, the constitutions
which are basically in common are not described or are described
only briefly.
[0222] Referring to FIGS. 33, 39, 40 and 44, another embodiment of
the solid structure constituted according to the present invention
includes a frame 210 substantially forming a solid space of a
rectangular parallelopiped shape. The frame 210 has four corner
struts 212, 214, 216 and 218. Side struts 220 and 222 are arranged
between the corner struts 212 and 24, a side strut 224 is arranged
between the corner strut 214 and 216, side struts 226 and 228 are
arranged between the corner struts 216 and 218, and a side strut
230 is arranged between the corner struts 218 and 212.
[0223] The lower ends of the corner strut 212, side strut 220, side
strut 222 and corner strut 214 are coupled by lower side beams 232
extending horizontally, and the upper ends thereof are coupled by
upper side beams 234 that are horizontally extending. The lower
ends of the corner strut 214, side strut 224 and corner strut 216
are coupled by lower side beams 232 extending horizontally, and the
upper ends thereof are coupled by upper side beams 234 that are
horizontally extending. As for the corner strut 216, side strut
226, side strut 228 and corner strut 218, the lower ends of the
corner strut 216 and the side strut 226 are coupled by a lower side
beam 232 extending horizontally, and the lower ends of the side
strut 228 and the corner strut 218 are coupled by a lower side beam
232 extending horizontally, but the lower ends between the side
strut 226 and the side strut 228 is not coupled. The upper ends of
the corner strut 216, side strut 226, side strut 228 and corner
strut 218 are coupled by upper side beams 234 that are horizontally
extending. The lower ends of the corner strut 218, side strut 230
and corner strut 212 are coupled by lower side beams 232 extending
horizontally, and the upper ends thereof are coupled by upper side
beams 234 that are horizontally extending.
[0224] The upper ends between the side struts 220 and 228 and the
upper ends between the side struts 222 and 226 are coupled by upper
inner side beams 236 that are horizontally extending. The upper
inner side beams 238 are coupling the side strut 230 to the center
in the lengthwise direction of the upper inner side beam 236 facing
the side strut 230, coupling together the centers in the lengthwise
direction of the upper inner side beams 236, and are coupling the
side strut 224 to the center in the lengthwise direction of the
upper inner side beam 236 facing the side strut 224. Referring to
FIGS. 40 and 44, the crossing diagonal lines in the six rectangular
spaces represent braces arranged on the upper ends of the
frame.
[0225] The corner struts 212, 214, 216, 218 and the side struts
220, 222, 224, 226, 228 and 230 are constituted by metallic pipes
having a square shape in cross section or, in this embodiment, by
steel pipes having an ortho-square shape in cross section, which
are common parts. Rectangular base plates are secured by welding to
the lower ends of the corner struts 212, 214, 216, 218 and the side
struts 220, 222, 224, 226, 228 and 230. The corner struts 212 to
218 and the side struts 220 to 230 are erected being detachably
secured onto the foundation or being placed on the ground G.
[0226] The lower end beams 232 which are the common parts are
constituted by H-beams having a web, an upper flange and a lower
flange. The upper side beams 234 which are the common parts are
constituted by metallic pipes having a square shape in cross
section or, in this embodiment, by steel pipes having an
ortho-square shape in cross section. The upper inner side beams 236
which are the common parts are constituted by H-beams having a web,
an upper flange and a lower flange. Further, the upper inner side
beams 238 which are the common parts are constituted by H-beams
having a web, an upper flange and a lower flange. The constituent
elements of the frame 210 are all detachably coupled by bolts and
internally threaded members. Their coupling structures will be
described later.
[0227] The frame 2 forms four side edge regions like that of the
above-mentioned embodiment. Two rectangular side edge spaces are
formed in each of the pair of side edge regions facing each other,
and three rectangular side edge spaces are formed in each of the
other pair of side edge regions facing each other. A shutter 239
(see FIGS. 36 and 39) is arranged in the side edge space surrounded
by the side struts 226, 228 facing each other in the horizontal
direction, upper side beam 234 and ground G, which is one of the
total of ten side edge spaces formed by the frame 210, but no side
wall unit is arranged (this side edge space is utilized as an
entrance to the solid structure). Rectangular side wall units 240,
241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247 and 248 are fitted to the other
nine side edge spaces, and are all detachably coupled to the frame
210 using bolts and internally threaded members. Constitutions of
the side wall units 240 to 248 and coupling structures to the frame
210 will be described later.
[0228] As described above, the frame 210 includes corner struts 212
to 218, side struts 220 to 230, upper side beams 234 and lower side
beams 232 coupling the upper ends thereof and the lower ends
thereof and defining a rectangular peripheral edges of the frame
210 as viewed on a plane, and upper inner side beams 236 and 238. A
total of six rectangular upper spaces are formed in the upper end
of the frame 210 being surrounded by the corner struts 212 to 218,
side struts 220 to 230, upper side beams 234, and upper inner side
beams 236 and 238. A roof unit 250 of the one side, four
intermediate roof units 251, 252, 253 and 254, and a roof unit 255
of the other side, are mounted so as to cover the whole upper space
from the upper side, and are all detachably coupled using bolts and
internally threaded members. The rectangular roof units 250 to 255
are constituted by using common parts. A trough unit 256 of the one
side of a rectangular shape is attached to the one side of the roof
unit 250 of the one side, and a trough unit 257 of the other side
of a rectangular shape is attached to the other side of the roof
unit 255 of the other side. Constitutions of the roof units 250 to
255, and of the trough units 256 and 257, and the coupling
structures to the frame 210 will be described later.
[0229] The coupling structures of the lower side beams 232 to the
corner struts 212 to 218 of the frame 210 are substantially the
same as the coupling structures (coupling structures by crossing a
plurality of internally threaded members) illustrated in FIGS. 8 to
10, and are not described here.
[0230] Described below is a coupling structure for coupling the
side strut 230 to the lower side beams 232. Referring to FIGS. 33
and 35, ends of the lower side beams 232 are coupled to the side
walls of the side strut 230 facing each other in the horizontal
direction along the side edges of the frame 210. A plurality of
pairs (two pairs in this embodiment) of internally threaded members
260 extending in parallel at the same height maintaining a distance
in the horizontal direction and forming internally threaded holes
at both ends, are buried between the side walls of the side strut
230 maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction in a manner
that the internally threaded holes are opened in the corresponding
side walls. Each of the internally threaded members 260 has
substantially the same constitution as the one that is forming
internally threaded holes 136 at both ends of the internally
threaded member 137 illustrated, for example, in FIG. 13, and is
secured to the side strut 230 by welding. A rectangular coupling
plate 262 is secured to the ends of the lower side beams 232 at
right angles thereto, and a plurality of mounting holes 264 are
formed in the coupling plate 262 on either side divided by the web
W maintaining a distance in the up-and-down direction.
[0231] The lower side beam 232 of the one side has the coupling
plate 262 that is substantially brought into contact with the one
side wall of the side strut 230 in a manner that the mounting holes
264 of the coupling plate 262 are in alignment with the internally
threaded holes formed in the one side wall of the side strut 230,
and is detachably fastened to one side wall of the side strut 230
by bringing the bolts 266 into engagement with the internally
threaded holes formed in one end of the internally threaded member
260 through the mounting holes 264. The other lower side beam 232
of the other side has the coupling plate 262 that is substantially
brought into contact with the other side wall of the side strut 230
in a manner that the mounting holes 264 of the coupling plate 262
are in alignment with the internally threaded holes formed in the
other side wall of the side strut 230, and is detachably fastened
to other side wall of the side strut 230 by bringing the bolts 266
into engagement with the internally threaded holes formed in the
other end of the internally threaded member 260 through the
mounting holes 264.
[0232] Coupling structures for coupling the other side struts 220,
222 and 224 and the lower side beams 232 are substantially the same
as the above-mentioned coupling structure. No lower side beam 232
exists between the side struts 226 and 228. Namely, the lower side
beams 232 are coupled to the one side wall of each of the side
struts 226 and 228. Therefore, internally threaded holes are formed
in one end only of the internally threaded members 260 buried in
the side struts 226 and 228. The lower side beams 232 have upper
surfaces of substantially the same height or, in other words, are
positioned on a common plane. In this embodiment, the lower side
beams 232 have substantially the same shape and the same size in
cross section. In an embodiment in which an end of an inner side
beam (not shown) having substantially the same constitution as the
lower side beam 232 is coupled to the inner side wall of the side
strut 230 facing the inner side of the solid space in the frame 210
by using the coupling structure described with reference to FIG.
35, it is allowable to use the coupling structure which is
substantially the same as the coupling structure (crossing a
plurality of internally threaded members) illustrated in FIGS. 8 to
10. More concretely, the internally threaded holes 52 in the
internally threaded members 50 in the coupling structure
illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 10 are formed at both ends of the
internally threaded members 50. As a result, the upper surface of
the inner side beam can be coupled to the side strut 230 at a
position of substantially the same height as the upper surfaces of
the lower side beams 232.
[0233] The coupling structures for coupling the corner struts 212
to 218 to the upper side beams 234 are substantially the same as
the coupling structures illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, and are not
described here.
[0234] Next, described below are the structures for coupling the
side strut 228 to the upper side beams 234 and to the upper inner
side beam 236. Referring to FIGS. 33 and 45, an end of the upper
inner side beam 236 is coupled to the inner side wall at the upper
end of the side strut 228 facing the inside of the solid space of
the frame 210, and the ends of the upper side beams 234 are coupled
to the side walls at the upper end of the side strut 228 that are
facing in the horizontal direction along the side edges of the
frame 210. The coupling structures for coupling the side strut 228
to the upper side beams 234 are substantially the same as the
coupling structure illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14. In the coupling
structure illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, the upper side beams 20
and 26 are coupled to the inner side walls 46 and 47 meeting at
right angles of the corner strut 4. In the coupling structure
illustrated in FIG. 45, on the other hand, the upper side beams 234
are coupled to the side walls at the upper end of the side strut
228 facing in the horizontal direction along the side edges of the
frame 210 making a difference from the above structure. The
coupling structure using bolts, however, is substantially the
same.
[0235] The coupling structure for coupling the upper inner side
beam 236 to the inner side wall of the side strut 228 is
substantially the same as the coupling structure illustrated in
FIG. 35. In the coupling structure illustrated in FIG. 35,
internally threaded holes are formed at both ends of the internally
threaded member buried in the side strut 230. In the coupling
structure illustrated in FIG. 45, on the other hand, the internally
threaded holes may be formed at one end of the internally threaded
member buried in the side strut 228. A coupling plate 267 secured
to an end of the upper inner side beam 236 is so formed as to
greatly extend downward from the end of the upper inner side beam
236. A nearly arcuate reinforcing plate 268a, nearly triangular
reinforcing plates 268b and 268c, and a nearly rectangular
reinforcing plate 268d are secured by welding between the lower end
of the coupling plate 267 and the lower flange LF of the upper
inner side beam 236. Due to this constitution, a sufficiently large
strength is maintained by the coupling portion coupling the upper
inner side beam 236 to the inner side wall of the side strut
228.
[0236] The coupling structure substantially the same as the
coupling structure coupling the side strut 228 to the upper side
beams 234 and to the upper inner side beam 236, can also be applied
to the coupling structure for coupling the side strut 220 to the
upper side beams 234 and to the upper inner side beam 236, to the
coupling structure for coupling the side strut 222 to the upper
side beams 234 and to the upper inner side beam 236, and to the
coupling structure for coupling the side strut 226 to the upper
side beams 234 and to the upper inner side beam 236.
[0237] Referring to FIG. 33, the structure for coupling the side
struts 230 and 224 to the upper side beams 234 is substantially the
same as the structure for coupling the side strut 228 to the upper
side beams 234, and the structure for coupling the side struts 230
and 224 to the upper inner beam 238 is substantially the same as
the structure for coupling the side strut 228 to the upper inner
side beam 236 (however, the length of the coupling plates secured
to the ends of the upper inner side beams 238 is selected to be
nearly equal to the distance between the upper surface of the upper
flange UF and the lower surface of the lower flange LF, and the
reinforcing plates 268a to 268d are not arranged).
[0238] The structure for coupling the upper inner side beam 238 and
the upper inner side beam 236 is substantially the same as the
coupling structure illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12. FIG. 41
illustrates a structure for coupling the end of the upper inner
beam 238 to the side of the upper inner side beam 236. The height
of the upper inner side beam 238 is lower than the upper inner side
beam 236 and, hence, the coupling plate 269 is lengthened by an
amount that is insufficient, and is hanging from the lower surface
of the upper inner side beam 238.
[0239] As described earlier with reference to FIG. 33, side wall
units 240 to 248 are fitted to nine side edge spaces of the frame
210, and are all detachably fastened to the frame 210 by bolts and
internally threaded members. The basic constitution of the side
wall units 240 to 248 is substantially the same as that of the side
wall unit 30 described earlier except that the hollow mounting
members 270 that will be described later are made of cast iron that
can be welded. In the above embodiment, further, the side wall
units 30 to 36 are mounted in a number of one in each of the
rectangular side edge spaces. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG.
33, on the other hand, two side wall units are fitted neighboring
each other in each rectangular side edge space, and are mounted on
the frame 210 being coupled to each other. Concretely speaking as
illustrated in FIG. 33, the side wall units 240, 241 and 242 are,
respectively, constituted by side wall units 240a and 240b, side
wall units 241a and 241b, and side wall units 242a and 242b, that
are coupled together. Other side wall units, too, are all
constituted by two side wall units, respectively (for example, the
side wall unit 247 is constituted by side wall units 247a and 247b
that are coupled together).
[0240] Referring to FIGS. 33, 35 and 43, the side wall unit 247a of
the side wall unit 247 has hollow mounting members 270 arranged at
the corners and side edges like the side wall unit 30. The hollow
mounting member 270 is made of cast iron that can be welded as a
unitary structure, and includes four side walls having a
predetermined thickness and a width in the axial direction or, in
this embodiment, includes four side walls 271 having the same
thickness and the same width in the axial direction. Braces 272 are
formed at four corners of the hollow mounting member 270 stretching
between the two side walls 271 meeting at right angles. Each brace
272 has a predetermined thickness and a width in the axial
direction which is same as that of the two side walls 271, and is
integrally arranged so as to form a right-angled triangle relative
to the two side walls 271 as viewing the hollow mounting member 270
in the axial direction. Mounting holes 273 are formed in the side
wall 271 of the hollow mounting member 270 depending upon the
layout of being arranged at the corner or on the side edge in
substantially the same manner as that of the side wall unit 30.
Despite of its simple structure, the thus constituted hollow
mounting member 270 maintains a sufficiently large strength against
the load from the upper direction and against the load from the
transverse direction.
[0241] Two side wall units 247a and 247b are fitted to the side
edge space formed being surrounded by the corner strut 218, side
strut 230, upper side beam 234 and lower side beam 232, the two
side wall units 247a and 247b neighboring each other. In the side
wall unit 247a and 247b neighboring each other, the side walls 271
of the hollow mounting members 270 constituting portions of the
opposing side walls are positioned so as to be opposed to each
other, and the mounting holes 273 are positioned to be in alignment
with each other. The side wall units 247a and 247b neighboring each
other are detachably fastened to each other by inserting bolts 274
in the mounting holes 273 in alignment of the hollow mounting
members 270 facing each other and engaging nuts 275 therewith.
Suitable annular plates are interposed between the hollow mounting
members 270 facing each other. Internally threaded members 277 are
buried, in substantially the same manner as described in the above
embodiment, in the corner strut 218, side strut 230, upper side
beam 234 and lower side beam 232 defining the side edge space to
which the side wall unit 247 is to be fitted, and the side wall
unit 247 is detachably fastened thereto by bolts 278. Other side
wall units 240 to 246 and 248, too, are constituted in
substantially the same manner as the one described above, and the
two units constituting each of the units are coupled together and
are coupled to the frame 210 by using the same coupling
mechanism.
[0242] FIG. 34 illustrates a state where boards and windows are
mounted on the side wall units 247 and 248 illustrated in FIG. 35.
FIG. 36 illustrates a state where the side wall units 245 and 246
are mounted on the frame 210, the side wall units 245 and 246
mounting the boards and windows. This side surface constitutes an
entrance/exit equipped with a shutter 239. FIG. 37 illustrates a
state of mounting the frame but removing the shutter 239, boards
and windows from the side wall units 245 and 246 illustrated in
FIG. 36. FIG. 38 illustrates a state where the side wall units 240,
241 and 242 illustrated in FIG. 33 are mounted on the frame 210,
the side wall unit 240 having boards and windows mounted thereon,
the side wall unit 241 having boards mounted thereon, and the side
wall unit 242 being in the state of the frame.
[0243] As described earlier, further, one roof unit 250 of the one
side, four intermediate roof units 251, 22, 253 and 254, and one
roof unit 255 of the other side are mounted on the upper ends of
the frame 210 so as to cover the whole upper space from the upper
side (see FIGS. 38, 42 and 44). These roof units 250 to 255 are
constituted by using common parts. Therefore, the constitution of
the intermediate roof unit 252 and the coupling structure thereof
will be described representatively. Referring to FIGS. 44, 45 to
49, the intermediate roof unit 252 includes a plurality of channel
plates 280 that are arranged in a rectangular shape to define the
peripheral edges and having open ends facing inward. The channel
plate 280 is constituted by a vertical wall 280a, and an upper
flange 280b and a lower flange 280c folded inward at right angles
from the upper end and the lower end of the vertical wall 280a.
Each channel plate 280 is constituted by a suitable metal plate or,
in this embodiment, by a steel plate.
[0244] Between the vertical walls 280a of the channel plates 280 of
the intermediate roof unit 252 facing each other in the direction
of width, there are arranged a plurality of transverse beams 282
maintaining a distance in the lengthwise direction from a position
close to one end (position close the left end in FIGS. 45, 46 and
48) in the lengthwise direction of the intermediate roof unit 252
and from a position close to the other end (position close the
right end in FIGS. 45, 46 and 48) toward the central position in
the lengthwise direction of the intermediate roof unit 252 in a
manner that the height thereof gradually increases. The
horizontally extending transverse beams 282 are constituted by
metallic pipes or, in this embodiment, by steel pipes having a
square shape in cross section, and are secured at their both ends
by welding to the vertical walls 280a of the corresponding channel
plates 280. The upper surfaces of the transverse beams 282 are
substantially positioned on the two inclined planes inclining
downward toward both ends from the center in the lengthwise
direction.
[0245] At both ends of the intermediate roof unit 252 in the
lengthwise direction, the channel plates 280 defining the three
peripheral edges have a height larger than the height of the
channel plates 280 defining the peripheral edges of other regions
excluding both ends in the lengthwise direction, and the upper
surfaces (upper surfaces of the upper flanges 280b of the channel
plates 280) at both ends of the intermediate roof unit 252 in the
lengthwise direction are positioned substantially in flush with the
upper surfaces of other regions of the intermediate roof unit 252.
Due to this constitution, the bottoms (lower flanges 280c of the
channel plates 280) at both ends of the intermediate roof unit 252
in the lengthwise direction are positioned to be lower than the
other regions of the intermediate roof unit 252. Trough members 284
extending in the direction of width of the intermediate roof unit
252 are arranged at one end and at the other end of the
intermediate roof unit 252 in the lengthwise direction thereof. The
trough member 284 is constituted by a metal plate or, in this
embodiment, a steel plate of the shape of a channel which is opened
upward, and has flanges at the upper ends of both side walls in the
direction of width that are folded horizontally in a direction to
approach each other. The trough member 284 is arranged between the
vertical walls 280a facing each other in the direction of width of
the channel plates 280 arranged at one end of the intermediate roof
unit 252 in the lengthwise direction, and are secured by welding. A
drain port 285 is formed in the bottom of the trough member 284.
The bottom of the trough member 284 is arranged at nearly the same
height as the bottoms of both ends of the intermediate roof unit
252 in the lengthwise direction.
[0246] On the transverse beams 282, there is attached at least one
roof plate 286 of the one side so as to extend being inclined
downward from the center of the intermediate roof unit 252 to the
one end thereof in the lengthwise direction. On the transverse
beams 282, there is further attached at least one roof plate 287 of
the other side so as to extend being inclined downward from the
center of the intermediate roof unit 252 to the other end thereof
in the lengthwise direction. The lower end in the lengthwise
direction of the one roof plate 286 having the smallest height and
the lower end in the lengthwise direction of the other roof plate
287 having the smallest height, are positioned over their
corresponding trough members 284. End-engaging flange means 290 are
hanging down from the lower surfaces at both ends of the
intermediate roof unit 280 in the lengthwise direction thereof
extending substantially the whole region thereof in the direction
of width. The end-engaging flange means 290 have substantially the
same constitution as the end-engaging flange means 180 of the
embodiment described earlier (in this embodiment, the end-engaging
flange means 290 is constituted by a pair of end-engaging flanges
291 and 292 formed integrally together).
[0247] Internally threaded members forming internally threaded
holes at one end thereof are buried in the upper side beams 234
defining a pair of side edges facing each other (a pair of side
edges facing each other in the up-and-down direction in FIG. 44) of
the frame 210 at portions coupled to the roof unit 250 of the one
side, to the intermediate roof units 251 to 254 and to the roof
unit 255 of the other side, the internally threaded members
extending in a horizontal direction to face each other in a manner
that the internally threaded holes are opened in the inner side
walls of the corresponding upper side beams 234 facing the upper
space. This constitution, too, is substantially the same as that of
the above-mentioned embodiment, and is not described here
again.
[0248] The roof unit 250 of the one side, the intermediate roof
units 251 to 254 and the roof unit 255 of the other side are placed
at their both ends on the upper side beams 234 facing each other,
and have pairs of end-engaging flanges 291 and 292 of the
end-engaging flange means 290 overlapped on the inner sides and the
outer sides of the corresponding upper side beams 234, and are
detachably fastened from the inner sides by bolts and internally
threaded members.
[0249] Referring to FIGS. 33, 44, 50, 51 and 52, one side edge
(left side edge in FIG. 44) in the direction of width of the roof
unit 250 of the one side positioned on one side (left side in FIG.
44) in the direction in agreement with the direction of width of
the roof units 250 to 255 in the upper space, is positioned midway
in the direction of width (midway in the right-and-left direction
in FIGS. 44 and 51) of at least one (two in this embodiment) upper
side beam 234 defining one side edge (left side edge in FIG. 44) of
the other pair of side edges (pair of side edges facing each other
in the right-and-left direction in FIG. 44) facing each other of
the frame 210, and midway in the direction of width of the struts
positioned on the extensions of the upper side beams 234 (in a
state where the roof unit 250 of the one side is placed at
predetermined positions on the upper ends of the frame 210). The
other side (right side in FIG. 44) of the trough unit 256 of the
one side of a rectangular shape on a plane is detachably attached
to the one side of the roof unit 250 of the one side in the
direction of width.
[0250] The trough unit 256 of the one side includes a trough member
296 and a channel plate 294 arranged in a rectangular shape having
a length nearly equal to the roof unit 250 of the one side in the
lengthwise direction and having an open end facing inward. The
channel plate 294 is constituted by a vertical wall 294a, and an
upper flange 294b and a lower flange 294c folded inward at right
angles from the upper end and the lower end of the vertical wall
294a. The channel plate 294 is constituted by a suitable metal
plate or, in this embodiment, by a steel plate. The trough member
296 having a channel shape in cross section and is opened upward,
is extending between the vertical walls 294a of the channel plates
294 facing each other in the lengthwise direction of the trough
unit 256 of the one side, is secured thereto by welding, and has a
drain port 297 formed in the bottom thereof. Just on the trough
member 296 between the vertical walls 294a facing each other in the
direction of width of the trough unit 256 of the one side, a
plurality of transverse beams 298 are arranged maintaining a
distance in the lengthwise direction of the trough unit 256 of the
one side and are secured at their both ends to the vertical walls
294a by welding. The height of the channel plate 294 defining the
other side (right side in FIG. 51) in the direction of width of the
trough unit 256 of the one side is selected to be substantially the
same as the height of the channel plate 280 defining the one side
(left side in FIG. 51) in the direction of width of the roof unit
250 of the one side. A mounting member 300 having a mounting piece
302 is secured to the channel 294 defining the other side in the
direction of width of the trough unit 256 of the one side, the
mounting piece 302 hanging down from the lower surface of the
channel plate 294. Channel-like reinforcing members 299 opened
downward are arranged just under the transverse beams 298 between
the trough member 296 and the mounting piece 302, and are secured
by welding to the vertical walls 294a facing each other in the
lengthwise direction of the trough unit 256 of the one side, to the
neighboring trough member 296 and to the mounting piece 302. The
trough unit 256 of the one side has the outer surface of the
vertical wall 294a of the channel plate 294 defining the other side
in the direction of width of the trough unit 256 of the one side
that is overlapped on the outer surface of the vertical wall 280a
of the channel plate 280 defining the one side in the direction of
width of the roof unit 250 of the one side, and is detachably
fastened by using bolts 304 and nuts 306.
[0251] In a state where the roof unit 250 of the one side is placed
on the upper ends of the frame 210 at a predetermined position, the
bottom surface of the channel plate 294 (bottom surface of the
lower flange 294c) defining the other side in the direction of
width of the trough unit 256 of the one side is placed on the outer
regions in the direction of with of the upper surfaces of the upper
side beams 234, corner struts 212, 218 and the side strut 230, and
the mounting piece 302 is overlapped on the outer side walls of the
upper side beams, corner struts 212, 218 and side strut 230,
enabling the roof unit 250 of the one side to be detachably
fastened to the upper side beams 234 by using bolts 308 and
internally threaded members 310. The internally threaded members
310 are buried in the upper side beams 234 at the coupling portions
in the same manner as in the embodiment described above. The trough
unit 257 of the other side has substantially the same shape and the
same size as the trough unit 256 of the one side (the right and the
left are reversed in FIGS. 44 and 51) and is coupled to the other
side of the roof unit 255 of the other side in substantially the
same manner as the one described above.
[0252] As will be easily comprehended from the foregoing
description, the another embodiment of the solid structure of the
invention described with reference to FIGS. 33 to 52 has the basic
constitutions possessed by the embodiment described earlier with
reference to FIGS. 1 to 32, and is capable of achieving
substantially the same action and effect as those of the embodiment
described earlier. The solid structure according to the another
embodiment of the invention described with reference to FIGS. 33 to
52 can be applied to, for example, warehouses and factories.
[0253] FIG. 55 schematically illustrates the constitution of a
further embodiment of the solid structure constituted according to
the present invention. The solid structure of the embodiment
illustrated in FIG. 55 has a frame 400 which forms a solid space of
substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape. The frame 400
includes a plurality of corner struts 402, 404, - - - arranged in a
rectangular shape as viewed on a plane, side struts 410, 412, - - -
, side beams 420, 422, 424, 426, - - - , inner beams 430, - - - ,
upper side beams 440, 442, 444, - - - , floor units 450, - - - ,
side wall units 460, 462, 464, - - - , and roof units 470, 472, - -
- . Constitutions of the corner struts 402, 404, - - - , side
struts 410, 412, - - - , side beams 420, 422, 424, 426, - - - ,
inner beams 430, - - - , and upper side beams 440, 442, 444
constituting the frame 400 and their coupling structures are
substantially the same as those described in the above embodiments.
Constitutions of the floor units 450, - - - and their coupling
structures to the frame 400 are substantially the same as those for
the floor units 38 of the embodiments described above. Further,
constitutions of the side wall units 460, 462, 464, - - - and their
coupling structures to the frame 400 are substantially the same as
those of the side wall units 30 to 34 and side wall units 242 to
248 of the embodiments described above. Constitutions of the roof
units 470, 472, - - - and the coupling structures to the frame 400
are substantially the same as those for the roof units 250 to 255
of the embodiments described above. In FIG. 55, major portions
substantially the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiments
are denoted by the same reference numerals. Therefore, this
embodiment, too, has substantially the same basic constitutions as
those of the embodiment described above, and achieves the actions
and effects substantially the same as those of the embodiments
described above.
[0254] In the above embodiments, the frames 2, 210 and 400 are
constituted by steel members, which, however, may be partly or
entirely constituted by a reinforced concrete. For example, when
the corner strut 4 is constituted by using a reinforced concrete
having a square shape in cross section, a pair of first internally
threaded members 50 and a pair of second internally threaded
members 56 are buried in the concrete in a manner that the
internally threaded holes 52 and 55 are opened in the outer
surfaces of the one side wall 46 and of the other side wall 47.
Further, when the upper side beams 20 and 26 are to be coupled to
the corner strut 4 which is constituted by the reinforced concrete
having a square shape in cross section by using coupling structures
illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, at least the upper end of the
corner strut 4 must be constituted by a metallic pipe having a
square shape in cross section. The metallic square pipe
constituting the upper end is formed integrally with the reinforced
concrete.
[0255] When the corner struts and/or the side struts are formed by
using the reinforced concrete, the present invention can be applied
despite the struts have a polygonal shape in cross section (e.g.,
octagonal shape, dodecagonal shape, etc.). The corner strut formed
in a polygonal shape in cross section must have a pair of side
walls which meet at right angles when the outer surfaces thereof
are extended (in this specification, the above side walls are
expressed as "inner side walls meeting each other at right angles
and facing in the horizontal direction along the side edges of the
frame meeting each other at right angles"). This is because the
side beams are coupled to the above pair of side walls (extensions
of the side beams meet each other at right angles). The side strut
formed in a polygonal shape in cross section must have a pair of
side walls which face to each other in parallel when the outer
surfaces thereof are extended (in this specification, the above
side walls are expressed as "side walls facing each other in the
horizontal direction along the side edges of the frame"). This is
because the side beams are coupled to the above pair of side walls
(extensions of the side beams come in contact with each other at
the ends). Further, corner square struts and/or the side struts
having a square shape in cross section include those sectional
shapes of which the corners of the square are chamfered linearly-or
in a curved manner irrespective of whether they are made of the
reinforced concrete. The square shape in cross section includes the
above shapes.
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