U.S. patent application number 10/528226 was filed with the patent office on 2006-08-03 for method and machine tool for machining a tire of a train wheel set.
Invention is credited to Hans-Joachim Reiche.
Application Number | 20060168814 10/528226 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 31969348 |
Filed Date | 2006-08-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060168814 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Reiche; Hans-Joachim |
August 3, 2006 |
Method and machine tool for machining a tire of a train wheel
set
Abstract
Disclosed is a wheel set which comprises two wheel disks and is
placed upon several support and drive rollers of a movable wheel
set machine. The wheel set axle is the received between lathe
centers of two tailstocks which are supported relative to each
other. The position of the wheel set relative to the center of the
machine is identified. A tool for machining the tire of at least
one of the two wheel disks of the wheel set if first adjusted in
the Z direction of the machine according to the result of the
identification, the wheel set being made to rotate by means of one
of the support and drive rollers. The back of the tire is
subsequently planed with the aid of the tool. The planed back of
the tire is supported in the Z direction, and the supported tire is
profiled beginning from the front face thereof by means of a
tool.
Inventors: |
Reiche; Hans-Joachim;
(Erkrath, DE) |
Correspondence
Address: |
PROSKAUER ROSE LLP;PATENT DEPARTMENT
1585 BROADWAY
NEW YORK
NY
10036-8299
US
|
Family ID: |
31969348 |
Appl. No.: |
10/528226 |
Filed: |
August 22, 2003 |
PCT Filed: |
August 22, 2003 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP03/09319 |
371 Date: |
November 8, 2005 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
29/894 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B23B 5/32 20130101; Y10T
29/49481 20150115 |
Class at
Publication: |
029/894 |
International
Class: |
B21D 53/26 20060101
B21D053/26 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 21, 2002 |
DE |
102 43 877.3 |
Claims
1. Method for machining running surfaces of a railroad wheel set,
wherein the wheel set with both wheel disks is placed on several
supporting and drive rollers of a movable wheel set machine, the
wheel set axle is received and centered between back centers of two
supported tailstocks, the position of the wheel set relative to the
center of the machine is ascertained, depending on the result of
the ascertainment, a tool is first is adjusted first in Z direction
of the machine to machine the running surface of at least one of
the two wheel disks of the wheel set, the wheel set is imparted
rotation by at least one of the supporting and drive rollers, the
back of the running surface is then planed by means of the tool,
the planed back of the running surface is supported in Z direction
and the supported running surface is profiled by means of a
tool.
2. Method to machine running surfaces of a railroad wheel set,
wherein the wheel set axle is received and centered between back
centers of two supported tailstocks of a movable wheel set
machining machine, the position of the wheel set relative to the
center of the machine is ascertained, depending on the result of
the ascertainment, a tool for the machining of the running surface
of at least one of the two wheel disks of the wheel set is first
adjusted in Z direction of the machine, a drive roller is applied
to the running surface of at least one of the two wheel disks of
the wheel set and rotation is thereby imparted to the wheel set,
the back of the running surface is then planed by means of the
tool, the planed back of the running surface is supported in Z
direction and the supported running surface is profiled by means of
a tool.
3. Method as in claim 1, wherein the running surfaces are planed
and/or profiled by turning, milling or grinding.
4. Method as in claim 1, wherein the position of the wheel set
relative to the center of the machine is ascertained by tracing a
shoulder or relief of the wheel set axle by means of a tracer.
5. Method as in claim 1, wherein the backs of each of the running
surfaces of the two wheel disks of the wheel set are planed by
means of a tool.
6. Method as in claim 5, wherein the AR distance between the two
backs of the running surfaces is adjusted.
7. Method as in claim 1, wherein the planed back of the running
surfaces is supported in Z direction by means of a roller.
8. Method as in claim 1, wherein brake disks that may also be
present on the wheel set are machined by means of a tool.
9. Method as in claim 8, wherein the same tool is used to machine
brake disks as to machine running surfaces.
10. Machine tool for the machining of running surfaces and/or brake
disks of railroad wheel sets by chip-removing machining, wherein a
movable machine frame, two back centers each of which is supported
in a tailstock so as to bew capable of longitudinal displacement
and rotation and at a distance from each other in Z direction of
the machine frame equal to the length of the wheel set length and
aligned with each other, a common support of the two tailstocks at
least one supporting and/or drive roller that can be brought to
bear against the running surface of at least one of the two wheel
disks of the wheel set (2) which can be brought into contact with.
at least one apparatus to ascertain the position of a wheel set in
Z direction relative to the center of the machine frame, at least
one tool carriage with at least one tool one advance feed to move
the tool carriage at least in directions X and Z and one support of
the running surfaces in Z direction.
11. Machine tool as in claim 10, wherein the common support of the
two tailstocks consist of a yoke for each tailstock and two draw
bars connecting the two yokes with each other.
12. Machine tool as in claim 10, wherein two supporting and drive
rollers are provided for each wheel disk of the wheel set.
13. Machine tool as in claim 12, wherein the two supporting and
drive rollers are at a distance from each other and are located
nearly vertically below the wheel set held between the back
centers.
14. Machine tool as in claim 13, wherein the two supporting and
drive rollers can be adjusted and fixed in X direction.
15. Machine tool as in claim 10, wherein a tracer movable at least
in Z and X directions is provided.
16. Machine tool as in claim 10, wherein the tool support is
movable in X, Y and Z directions.
17. Machine tool as in claim 15, wherein the tool carriage is
provided with a tool receptacle to receive a machining tool or a
tracer
18. Machine tool as in claim 10, wherein at least one rotatably
mounted supporting roller is provided and is longitudinally movable
in Z direction.
Description
[0001] The invention relates to a method and a machine tool for
machining running surfaces of a railroad wheel set.
[0002] A machine for machining of running surfaces of a railroad
wheel set by grinding has become known e.g. through U.S. Pat. No.
2,754,630. In this machine the wheel set is received between the
back centers of two tailstocks and is imparted rotation by a
friction roller while the running surface is profiled by means of a
grinding tool. Two friction rollers are provided in particular and
do not attack at the circumference of the running surface
vertically below the wheel set held between the back centers but
laterally thereof. Running surfaces of railroad wheel sets can be
machined essentially only by grinding with the known machine
because considerably great cutting forces that do not allow for
precise machining of the wheel set without strong support in the
machine frame occur for the machining e.g. by turning or milling
than by grinding. The machine frame of the known wheel set grinding
machine is supported on runners and is thus movable.
[0003] Furthermore a method and a machine for the machining of
railroad wheels is known from DE 100 25 724 A1 whose machine frame
is also designed so as to be movable. The wheel disks or brake
disks of a railroad wheel or wheel set rotatably supported in
bearing housings are grasped by a chuck engaged at least at one
bearing housing in that the wheel set with a wheel set is pressed
at the latter's circumference against supporting rollers of which
at least one causes the railroad wheel or the wheel set to rotate
while at the same time a tool machines one of the wheel or brake
disks. This machine is especially well suited to machine railroad
wheels or wheel sets built onto the vehicle while they are being
machined. Due to its mobility the machine can also be used
economically to machine small-size batches.
[0004] This leads to the object of the present invention to further
improve the known methods and machines and to provide also for the
machining of running surfaces that were recently installed on the
wheel disks of railroad wheel sets. The advantage of mobility
should at the same time benefit economic utilization for
smaller-size batches.
[0005] According to the invention, the object is attained by two
separate processes: [0006] 1. By placing the wheel set with both
wheel disks on several supporting and drive rollers of a mobile
wheel set machine, [0007] by receiving and centering the wheel set
axle between the back centers of two supported tailstocks, [0008]
by ascertaining the position of the wheel set relative to the
center of the machine, [0009] by adjusting a tool for the machining
of the running surface of at least one of the two wheel disks of
the wheel set first in Z direction of the machine in function of
the result of the ascertainment, [0010] by imparting rotation to
the wheel set with at least one of the supporting and drive
rollers, [0011] by then planing the back of the running surface by
means of the tool, [0012] by supporting the planed back of the
running surface in direction Z and [0013] by profiling the
supported running surface by means of a tool. [0014] 2. Or by
receiving and centering the wheel set axle between back centers of
two supported tailstocks of a mobile wheel set machining machine,
[0015] by ascertaining the position of the wheel set relative to
the center of the machine, [0016] depending on the result of the
ascertainment, by adjusting a tool for the machining of the running
surface of at least one of the two wheel disks of the wheel set,
[0017] by pressing a drive roller against at least one of the two
wheel disks of the wheel set and imparting rotation with it to the
wheel set, [0018] by then planing the back of the running surface
by means of the tool, [0019] by supporting the planed back of the
running surface in direction Z and [0020] by profiling the
supported running surface by means of a tool.
[0021] The term "profiling" means the chip-removing machining of
the outer contour of the wheel's running surface. This machining
can be carried out by turning, milling or, as is known, by
grinding.
[0022] The position of the wheel set in relation to the center of
the mobile machine is ascertained e.g. by tracing a shoulder or
relief of the wheel set axle by means of a tracer. Following this,
the back of one or both running surfaces of the two wheel disks of
the wheel set are planed, each by means of a tool. During this
planing the AR distance between the two backs of the running
surfaces is at the same time adjusted. The "AR distance" is the
distance between the two wheel disks. The AR distance is measured
from wheel back to wheel back of the two running surfaces of a
wheel set. In addition to the AR distance, the QR distance is also
significant. The QR distance is the wheel gauge between rubbing
faces of inner wheel flanges as measured at the point of transition
from running surface to wheel flange.
[0023] When the backs of the two running surfaces have been planed
and when the AR distance has been reached, the wheel disk is
supported in Z direction by means of a roller for the profiling of
the running surfaces. Supporting the wheel disks ensures that the
wheel disk does not warp in such manner during the subsequent
profile machining as to cause lack of precision in the production
result. As soon as the AR distance or the QR distance has been
adjusted, a program takes over the control of the tool carriages
for the profiling of the running surfaces.
[0024] Brake disks that may also be present on the wheel set are
also machined by means of a tool. It may be advantageous to use the
same tool for the machining of the running surfaces and of the
brake disks.
[0025] A machine tool for machining of running surfaces and/or
brake disks of railroad wheel sets by chip-removing machining is
characterized by [0026] a movable machine frame, [0027] two back
centers capable of being displaced along a tailstock, at a distance
from each other in Z direction of the machine frame equal to the
length of the wheel set axle and aligned with each other, [0028] a
common support of the two tailstocks, [0029] at least one
supporting and/or drive roller suitable to be pressed against the
running surface of at least one of the two wheel disks of the wheel
set, [0030] at least one installation for the ascertainment of the
position of the wheel set in Z direction relative to the center of
the machine frame, [0031] at least one tool carriage with at least
one tool, [0032] a forward feed to move the tool carriage at lest
in X and Z direction and [0033] a support of the running surface to
be re-profiled, in Z direction.
[0034] The common support of the two tailstocks can consist of a
yoke on each tailstock and of two tow bars connecting the two yokes
to each other, extending along the machine frame on either side of
the wheel set held between the back centers.
[0035] It is advantageous if two supporting and drive rollers are
provided for each wheel disk of the wheel set. As a result the
torque transmitted per supporting and drive roller can be kept low,
so that no slippage occurs between the drive and the running
surface. For this arrangement the two supporting and drive rollers
are installed at a distance from each other nearly vertically below
the wheel set held between the back centers. Such an installation
makes it also possible to place the wheel set on the supporting and
drive rollers before it can be held between the back centers. This
arrangement is especially advantageous for the implementation of
the method according to claim 1.
[0036] When setting a wheel set on the two supporting and drive
rollers it is advantageous if the supporting and drive rollers can
be moved in direction X. In this manner the wheel set placed on the
rollers can be lifted to a level at which the wheel set axle can be
received between the back centers.
[0037] To ascertain the position of the wheel set relative to the
machine frame, a tracer is provided that can be displaced at least
in Z and X direction. In addition to the mobility in X and Z
direction it is also advantageous if the tool support can also be
displaced in direction Y. As a result the possibilities increase
for the placement of the tool holder for tools and tracers. In this
sense the tool carriage is also equipped with a tool holder which
makes either the holding of machining tools for the running
surfaces and/or the brake disks or a tracer.
[0038] Finally a supporting roller is provided which is born
rotatably and can be displaced along direction Z, being capable of
absorbing forces acting in Z direction. By means of this supporting
roller the wheel disk is supported during profiling of the running
surface on the latter's outer circumference, so that the wheel disk
does not warp under the stress of chip removal.
[0039] The invention is described in further detail below through
an example of an embodiment.
[0040] At reduced scale
[0041] FIG. 1 shows a machine tool in a front view
[0042] FIG. 2 shows the support of a tailstock in a top view
[0043] FIG. 3 shows a tool carriage in a front view
[0044] FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detail "A" from FIG. 3 and
[0045] FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail "B" from FIG. 1.
[0046] On the side next to FIG. 1 the main work or feed devices of
the turning machine are shown in perspective. These are the Z
direction corresponding to axis of rotation 24 of the wheel set
axle 7, X direction corresponding to the perpendicular to the
machine frame 5 and Y direction corresponding to a perpendicular to
the plane of the drawing of FIG. 1.
[0047] The machine tool for the machining of running surfaces 1
and/or brake disks 18 of railroad wheel sets 2 is provided with a
movable machine frame 5. The mobility of the machine frame 5 is
made possible e.g. by rollers 6 running on rails 23. Two back
centers 8 are supported in a tailstock 9 and are capable of being
displaced and rotated. The back centers 8 are at a distance from
each other in Z direction of the machine frame 5 that is equal to
the length of the wheel set axle 7. The two tailstocks 9 are
supported mutually, each via a yoke 20 and two draw bars 21 (FIG.
2).
[0048] Two supporting and drive rollers 4 are provided for each
wheel disk 3 of the wheel set 2. The two supporting and drive
rollers 4 are at a distance from each other in Y direction and are
nearly vertically below the wheel set 2 held between the back
centers. In addition the two supporting and drive rollers 4 can be
adjusted and fixed in X direction. Thus the wheel set to be
machined can be placed first on the supporting and drive rollers 4
and can be lifted by these to a level at which its axis of rotation
24 is aligned with the two back centers 8.
[0049] Before starting machining, the precise position of the wheel
set 2 relative to the longitudinal center 10 of the movable machine
frame 5 is ascertained. For this purpose a tracer 16 is brought
into contact with a shoulder 15 or relief, whereby it is assumed
that the wheel set axle 7 has already undergone a preparation in
the course of which the two wheel disks 3 have been brought into
the planned position on the wheel set axle 7. The tracer 16 is
seated in a tool receptacle 22 which is part of the carriage 19.
Upon ascertaining the position of the wheel set 2 relative to the
longitudinal center 10 of the machine frame 5, the tracer 16 is
taken out of the tool receptacle 22 and in its stead cutting tools
11 and 14 are inserted into the tool receptacle 22. By displacing
the carriage 19 in Z and X direction during simultaneous rotation
of the wheel set 2, the back 12 of the running surface 1 can first
be planed. The two backs 12 of the two running surfaces 1 are
planed first and at the same time the AR distance 13 is adjusted.
After the planing of the two running surface backs 12 the cutting
tool 1 is again disengaged and is applied to the front 25 of the
running surface by a movement of the carriage 19 in Z and X
direction. Finally the running surface 1 is profiled as shown in
FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 by means of the cutting tool 14 while the tool
carriage 19 moves in accordance with a control program by means of
the built-in advance feed (not shown). During this profiling the
wheel disk 3 is supported on the back 12 of the running surface 1
by a roller 17 in Z direction. The roller 17 rotates together with
the rotating wheel set 2.
[0050] In addition to the profiling of the running surfaces 1, it
is also possible to plane the brake disks 18 by means of the
cutting tools 11 or 4 or by means of special tools inserted into
the tool receptacle 22. As can be seen in the figures, the two
brake disks 18 are seated on the wheel set axle 7 within the AR
distance 13.
* * * * *