U.S. patent application number 11/273385 was filed with the patent office on 2006-03-23 for method and apparatus for custom fitting a hockey stick and other sports equipment.
This patent application is currently assigned to Black Beauty Custom Sticks, LLC. Invention is credited to Richard V. Flaum.
Application Number | 20060063619 11/273385 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36113830 |
Filed Date | 2006-03-23 |
United States Patent
Application |
20060063619 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Flaum; Richard V. |
March 23, 2006 |
Method and apparatus for custom fitting a hockey stick and other
sports equipment
Abstract
A hockey stick is generally formed of a shaft and a blade. The
shaft is hollow throughout and supports a grip area at one end and
a blade at the opposite end. The shaft handle includes a grip and
the blade includes a hosel at the opposite end. Similarly, the
blade has a heel at one end and a toe at the opposite end. The
blade edge profile is flat and provides full contact along the
playing surface at all distances from the body of the player. When
the player moves the stick forward or backward along the surface,
the blade will maintain full horizontal contact with the playing
surface. Increasing the surface area of the blade on the puck
benefits the player's puck handling skills, providing better puck
control, increasing shooting and scoring opportunities, and
providing a learning tool to aid in the development of the player.
The blade generally wears along the length of the edge between the
heel and the toe.
Inventors: |
Flaum; Richard V.;
(Bloomfield Hills, MI) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BUTZEL LONG;DOCKETING DEPARTMENT
100 BLOOMFIELD HILLS PARKWAY
SUITE 200
BLOOMFIELD HILLS
MI
48304
US
|
Assignee: |
Black Beauty Custom Sticks,
LLC
|
Family ID: |
36113830 |
Appl. No.: |
11/273385 |
Filed: |
November 14, 2005 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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29185853 |
Jul 3, 2003 |
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11273385 |
Nov 14, 2005 |
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10371032 |
Feb 20, 2003 |
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11273385 |
Nov 14, 2005 |
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10309839 |
Dec 4, 2002 |
6855078 |
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10371032 |
Feb 20, 2003 |
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10819843 |
Apr 7, 2004 |
6817957 |
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11273385 |
Nov 14, 2005 |
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10309839 |
Dec 4, 2002 |
6855078 |
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10819843 |
Apr 7, 2004 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
473/560 ;
473/446 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 69/0026 20130101;
A63B 59/70 20151001; A63B 2102/24 20151001; A63B 60/00 20151001;
A63B 2102/22 20151001 |
Class at
Publication: |
473/560 ;
473/446 |
International
Class: |
A63B 69/00 20060101
A63B069/00; A63B 59/14 20060101 A63B059/14 |
Claims
1. A method for providing full blade to surface contact of a hockey
stick to a particular hockey player comprising the steps of:
providing a hockey stick having a shaft and a blade having a heel
and a toe extending from one end of said shaft; positioning the
player in an upright stance at a height above said surface equal to
the average height of a hockey skate on said surface; measuring
said shaft for the player's preferred shaft length by placing said
one end of said shaft with said extending blade perpendicular to
said surface with said toe of said blade on said surface and
resting the opposing end of said shaft against the player; holding
said opposing end of said shaft in the player's hand; placing the
said blade upon said surface; extending the player's arm in line
with the player's shoulder and hip; bending the player's elbow
slightly; resting said opposing end of said shaft at the greater
trochanter of the player's hip; determining if full blade to
surface contact wherein the lower edge of said blade between said
heel and said toe contacts said surface; and noting the lie angle
of said blade to said surface for the player.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said surface is a hard
surface.
3. The method of claim 1, and further comprising the step of:
before positioning the player, choosing the preferred foot covering
being one of: naked feet, a pair of socks or hosiery.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said positioning step includes
standing the player on a hard surfaced step equal to approximately
27/8'' perpendicular to and above said surface.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said positioning step includes
standing the player in a pair of hockey skates
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said preferred shaft length
extends between the nose and the chin of the player.
7. The method of claim 1, and further comprising the step of: after
determining said blade to surface contact; amending the lie angle
of said blade when said lower edge is not in full contact with said
surface.
8. The method of claim 7, and further comprising the step of
amending the lie angle upward when said lower edge is not in full
contact with said surface, forcing said heel of said blade upward
and away from said surface.
9. The method of claim 7, and further comprising the step of
amending the lie angle downward when said lower edge is not in full
contact with said surface, forcing said toe of said blade upward
and away from said surface.
10. A method for providing full blade to surface contact of a
hockey stick to a particular hockey player comprising the steps of:
providing a hockey stick having a shaft and a blade having a heel
and a toe extending from one end of said shaft; positioning the
player in an upright stance at a height above said surface equal to
the average height of a hockey skate on said surface, wherein said
positioning step includes standing the player in a pair of hockey
skates; measuring said shaft for the player's preferred shaft
length by placing said one end of said shaft with said extending
blade perpendicular to said surface with said toe of said blade on
said surface and resting the opposing end of said shaft against the
player; wrapping said blade with tape in the area between said heel
and said toe; holding said opposing end of said shaft in the
player's hand; placing the said blade upon said surface; the player
skating along said surface with said taped blade making contact
with said surface; determining if full blade to surface contact
wherein the lower edge of said blade between said heel and said toe
contacts said surface; and noting the lie angle of said blade to
said surface for the player.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said surface is a hard
surface.
12. The method of claim 10, and further comprising the step of:
before positioning the player, choosing the preferred foot covering
being one of: naked feet, a pair of socks or hosiery.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein said preferred shaft length
extends between the nose and the chin of the player.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of determining full
blade contact includes viewing said tape along said lower edge of
said blade to determine said blade to surface contact area.
15. The method of claim 14, and further comprising the step of:
after determining said blade to surface contact area; amending the
lie angle of said blade when said lower edge is not in full contact
with said surface.
16. The method of claim 15, and further comprising the step of
amending the lie angle upward when said lower edge is not in full
contact with said surface, forcing said heel of said blade upward
and away from said surface.
17. The method of claim 15, and further comprising the step of
amending the lie angle downward when said lower edge is not in full
contact with said surface, forcing said toe of said blade upward
and away from said surface.
18. A hockey stick providing a lie-specific and flat-bottomed blade
for full blade to playing surface contact comprising: a shaft
comprising a handle at a first end and a hosel at a second end
opposite said first end and having an imaginary Y-axis extending
along the centerline of said shaft lengthwise between said first
and second ends; a blade comprising a heel at a first end and a toe
at a second end opposite said first end, said blade comprising a
lower edge extending between heel and said toe, said blade having
an imaginary X-axis extending along the centerline of said blade
lengthwise between said heel and said toe; and a lie angle lie
equal to the angle between the X and Y axes, wherein each degree of
movement or rotation of the said blade relative to said shaft
corresponds to movement of the X-axis relative to the Y-axis
resulting in an angle measurement of a preferred lie angle for full
blade to playing surface.
19. The hockey stick of claim 18, wherein said full blade to
surface contact occurs when said lower edge of said blade lies flat
on a hard surface.
20. The hockey stick of claim 19, wherein said full blade to
surface contact occurs along the playing surface at all distances
from the body of the player.
Description
RELATED CASES
[0001] The present application is a continuation-in-part of
co-pending U.S. patent application No. Des. 29/185,853 filed on
Jul. 3, 2003 and co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No.
10/371,032 filed on Feb. 20, 2003 which is a continuation-in-part
of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/309,839, filed on Dec. 4,
2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,855,078 and U.S. patent application Ser.
No. 10/819,843 filed on Apr. 7, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,817,957
which is a division of U.S. Pat. No. 6,855,078, all of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates to a flat profile, lie
specific hockey blade and a method for custom fitting a flat
profile, lie specific hockey blade to an individual.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Commercial hockey sticks generally have a fixed straight
shaft and a blade having a fixed lie, loft and curvature. The blade
is formed with a universal lie angle and a rocker bottom. A
manufacturer essentially scribes a circle with a certain radius and
then matches the blade edge profile to the radius, creating a
rocker blade edge having only a pivot point resting on the playing
surface. The blade generally wears on the heel surface edge.
[0004] This universal lie with a rocker bottom edge is easy to
manufacture and even easier to stock in the stores. This
one-size-fits-all stick forces a player to manipulate the stick
into the proper position depending on the situation. Any slight
movement creates an area for the puck to ride under the blade. When
a player hits a wrist shot, the toe of the rocker blade rises as
the player follows through and the player ends up topping the puck,
rather than fully contacting the puck for a more controlled
shot.
[0005] The player, therefore, must monitor the top edge of the
blade to maintain the blade horizontal to the playing surface. The
player must move the stick all the way forward to get the toe of
the blade on the surface, all the way down toward the surface to
get the heel of the blade on the surface, and anywhere in between
to get the middle of the blade on the surface, requiring a lot of
maneuvering by the player just to touch the puck. When a player
with a prior art hockey stick rests the blade edge on the surface,
the blade edge pivots about the heel area causing the blade to wear
along the heel.
[0006] Adjusting the hockey stick to fit the individual player is
limited to cutting the length of the shaft to a more appropriate
length. To adjust the loft and lie angle of the blade, the player
is forced to purchase a different hockey stick or blade
altogether.
[0007] There exists no method or apparatus for custom fitting a
hockey blade for maximum blade contact with the surface and a
hockey puck thereby increasing the accuracy of a hockey player's
shot and greatly improving the player's puck handling ability.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The present invention provides a method and apparatus for
custom fitting the lie of a hockey blade to a particular hockey
player.
[0009] The hockey stick of the present invention is generally
formed of a shaft and a blade. In a preferred embodiment, the shaft
is hollow throughout having a grip area at one end and a blade at
the opposite end. Alternatively, the shaft may be solid from the
grip area to a point above the hosel, providing a hollowed hosel
area for supporting a replaceable blade. A third preferred
embodiment includes a shaft that is solid or hollow throughout the
length of the hockey stick and forms a one-piece construction
including the shaft and the blade. Generally, the shaft handle
preferably includes a grip at one end and the blade includes a
hosel at the opposite end. Similarly, the blade has a heel at one
end and a toe at the opposite end.
[0010] The blade edge profile is flat and provides substantially
full contact along the playing surface at all distances from the
body of the player. In contrast to the prior art, the blade edge
rests on the surface between the heel and the toe. Therefore, when
the player moves the stick forward or backward along the surface,
the blade will maintain substantially full horizontal contact with
the playing surface. Increasing the surface area of the blade on
the puck benefits the player's puck handling skills, providing
better puck control, increasing shooting and scoring opportunities,
and providing a learning tool to aid in the development of the
player. The blade generally wears along the length of the edge
between the heel and the toe.
[0011] The lie angle of the blade to the playing surface is based
on the scale standards set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 6,855,078
incorporated herein by reference. In a preferred embodiment, the
"5" lie represents a 45 degree angle between the hosel and the
shaft. Each lie is 2 full degrees of angle. Therefore, each change
of lie angle represented by a graduation on the scale equals a 2
degree change, plus or minus, to the base angle of 45 degrees
between the hosel and shaft. Each graduation on the scale
represents a 1/2 increment of lie movement reflecting 1 degree of
change, plus or minus, to the base lie angle of 45 degrees: the 5.5
lie represents 46 degrees, the 4.5 lie represents 44 degrees.
[0012] Providing a standardized lie scale insures consistency when
replacing or interchanging shafts and blades. This
interchangeability extends throughout the range of relevant hockey
shaft lengths and strengths. Therefore, a 5 lie on a blade for a
senior player is identical to a 5 lie on a blade for an
intermediate or junior player, where the lie angle of the blade
remains consistent.
[0013] The hockey stick of the present invention may be used for
any sport such as surface hockey, roller hockey, street hockey, or
ball hockey to name a few, and the measurements for determining the
proper length of the hockey shaft and the corresponding proper lie
angle of the blade to the playing surface are measured using the
corresponding footwear for the preferred sport.
[0014] In a first preferred embodiment, a method for determining
the proper blade lie angle for full blade-to-surface contact uses a
static lie determination system wherein the player is standing
still in an upright stance and a certain height above a hard
surface replicating a playing surface. Preferably, the player has
on a pair of hockey skates or roller blades. Alternatively, the
player may stand on a level stair-step provided with a height of
27/8'' above a hard surfaced area. This height is an average height
that a player is above the playing surface from the bottom edge of
a skate blade and attached boot to the bottom of a player's
foot.
[0015] While standing on skates or the step, the player holds a
hockey stick having a shaft and a blade upright and parallel to the
player's body to measure the preferred shaft length. Adjustments
are made to the shaft by cutting the handle end off to the
appropriate point or if the shaft is too short, then finding a
longer shafted stick or adding a plug at the grip end of the shaft
to extend the length. Preferably, the proper length of the shaft is
determined by resting the handle end of the shaft on the player's
chin area, the shaft extending parallel to the player's body, with
the blade extending at an angle to the hard surface and the toe of
the blade on the surface and resting the opposing end of said shaft
against the player. A preferred length of the shaft is when the top
edge of the handle area falls between the chin and the nose of the
player but may vary according to a player's preference.
[0016] Once a preferred shaft length is determined and provided,
the player grasps the shaft at the handle and extends the hockey
stick in front so that the player's arm is in line from shoulder to
hip at the player's side while standing up straight with a relaxed
grip. Bending the player's elbow slightly, the heel of the player's
hand should rest at the greater trochanter, above mid-thigh and
even with the buttocks. Successful full blade to surface contact
occurs when the lower edge of the blade, between the heel and the
toe, lies flat on the hard surface. If the lower edge of the blade
does not lay flat on the surface, then the player chooses a
different stick with lie angle until such contact is found.
Preferably, if the heel of the blade is too high and angles upward
from the hard surface, then the lie angle of the blade to the hard
surface should be increased, i.e., from a 4 to a 4.5.
Alternatively, if the toe of the blade is too high and angles
upward from the hard surface, then the lie angle of the blade to
the hard surface should be decreased, i.e., from a 4 to a 3.5.
[0017] A second preferred embodiment of the present invention
includes a method for determining the proper blade lie angle for
full blade-to-surface contact uses an active lie determination
system wherein the player is skating on a playing surface.
Initially, the player determines the proper height of the hockey
stick using the method above while standing in skates (hockey or
rollerblades) on the playing surface. Once the proper shaft is
measured, the blade is wrapped with tape in the flat area between
the heel and the toe. The player then skates along the playing
surface while holding the opposing end of the shaft in the player's
hand and placing the blade upon the surface so that the taped blade
makes contact with the playing surface. Preferably, the player
skates along the surface in a normal playing stance so that an
accurate assessment of blade to surface contact is created along
the taped area of the blade. After skating, the lower edge of the
blade along the taped area is observed to determine the blade to
surface contact area.
[0018] Successful full blade to surface contact occurs when the
lower edge of the blade, between the heel and the toe, lies flat on
the hard surface. If the lower edge of the blade does not lay flat
on the surface, then the player chooses a different stick with lie
angle until such contact is found. Preferably, if the heel of the
blade is too high and angles upward from the hard surface, then the
lie angle of the blade to the hard surface should be increased,
i.e., from a 5 to a 5.5. Alternatively, if the toe of the blade is
too high and angles upward from the hard surface, then the lie
angle of the blade to the hard surface should be decreased, i.e.,
from a 5 to a 4.5.
[0019] The lie angle of the blade may be adjusted after each trial
skate to achieve maximum blade contact with the surface thereby
increasing puck control and shooting of the individual player.
[0020] These and other objects of the present invention will become
apparent upon reading the following detailed description in
combination with the accompanying drawings, which depict systems
and components that can be used alone or in combination with each
other in accordance with the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art blade with universal lie
angle and a rocker bottom.
[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art method for forming the radius
of the prior art rocker bottom.
[0023] FIG. 3 illustrates a hockey stick of the present
invention.
[0024] FIG. 4 is a side view illustrating a preferred embodiment of
a hockey stick blade of the present invention.
[0025] FIG. 5 is a plane view illustrating a preferred embodiment
of a hockey stick shaft of the present invention.
[0026] FIG. 6 illustrates a method for measuring the preferred
shaft length of hockey stick of the present invention.
[0027] FIG. 7 illustrates a method for measuring the lie angle of
the flat blade of the present invention.
[0028] FIG. 8 illustrates a method for positioning a player when
measuring the lie angle of the flat blade of the present
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0029] With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a prior art hockey blade
12'' and method for making a universal lie angle with a rocker
bottom blade 12'' is there shown. Such prior art blades generally
have a fixed lie, loft and curvature. The blade is formed with a
universal lie angle and a rocker bottom. A manufacturer essentially
scribes a circle with a certain radius and then matches the blade
edge profile to the radius, creating a rocker blade edge having
only a pivot point resting on the playing surface, as illustrated
in FIG. 2. The blade generally wears on the heel surface edge.
[0030] With reference to FIGS. 3-5, a hockey stick 10 of the
present invention is there shown and includes a hockey blade 12 and
a shaft 14. The shaft 14 (FIG. 3) has a grip 16 at one end and a
hosel 18 opposite the grip 16 along the shaft 14. For purposes of
describing the method for customizing the lie of a hockey stick 10,
an imaginary Y-axis is shown extending along the centerline 20 of
the shaft 14.
[0031] The blade 12 (FIGS. 4 and 5) includes a heel 22 at one end
and a toe 24 opposite the heel 22 and a blade face 23 forming the
planar surface extending between them. For purposes of describing
the method for customizing the lie of a hockey stick 10, an
imaginary X-axis is shown extending along the centerline 26 of the
blade 12. An imaginary point of intersection between the X and Y
axes is indicated at reference numeral 28 (FIGS. 3-5.)
[0032] The lie angle 34 is the angle of the blade 12 to a playing
surface 36 and is equal to the angle between the X and Y axes. Each
degree of movement or rotation of the hockey blade 12 about the
shaft 14 corresponds to movement of the X-axis 26 relative to the
Y-axis 20 resulting in an angle measurement of a preferred lie
angle 34. This measurement provides an accurate reading of the
preferred lie angle 34 of the blade 12 to the shaft 14. In a
preferred embodiment, each whole numbered lie angle 34 represents 2
degrees of movement of the blade 12 (X-axis 26) toward or away from
the shaft 14 (Y-axis 20.) A range of lie angles between 1 and 15 is
preferred and a range of lie angles incremental to each degree is
also envisioned, i.e. 1 degree. In a preferred embodiment, the
numerical graduation of 5 represents a 45 degree angle between the
hosel 18 and the shaft 14. Therefore, each change of lie angle
represented by a whole number equals a 2 degree change, plus or
minus, to the base angle of 45 degrees between the hosel and shaft.
Therefore a 6 lie angle corresponds to a 47 degree angle between
the hosel 18 and the shaft 14; 7=49.degree., 4=43.degree., etc. In
a more preferred embodiment, each change of lie angle represented
by a fractional number on the scale represents a 1/2 increment of
lie movement reflecting 1 degree of change, plus or minus, to the
base lie angle of 45 degrees. Therefore, a 5.5 lie angle
corresponds to a 46 degree angle between the hosel 18 and the shaft
14; 6.5=48.degree., 4.5=44.degree., etc. Providing a standardized
lie scale insures consistency when replacing or interchanging
shafts and blades. This interchangeability extends throughout the
range of relevant hockey shaft lengths and strengths. Therefore, a
5 lie on a blade for a senior player is identical to a 5 lie on a
blade for an intermediate or junior player.
[0033] With reference to FIGS. 6-8, a method for measuring the lie
angle 34 of the flat blade 12 of the present invention is there
shown and illustrates a first preferred embodiment for determining
the proper blade lie angle for full blade-to-surface contact uses a
static lie determination system. A player 38 is standing still in
an upright stance and a certain height above a hard surface 36
replicating a playing surface. Preferably, the player 38 has on a
pair of hockey skates or roller blades. Alternatively, the player
38 may stand on a level stair-step 40 provided with a height 42 of
27/8'' above a hard surfaced area such as a concrete or wooden
floor (see FIG. 8.) The player 38 must wear the preferred hosiery
worn during skating, or, alternatively, none at all if this is
preferred. This height is an average height that a player is above
the playing surface from the bottom edge of a skate blade and
attached boot to the bottom of a player's foot (with or without the
preferred hosiery.)
[0034] While standing on skates or the step, the player holds a
hockey stick having a shaft 14 and a blade 12 upright and parallel
to the player's body to measure the preferred shaft length (see
FIG. 6.) Adjustments are made to the shaft 14 by cutting the handle
end 16 off to the appropriate point or if the shaft 14 is too
short, then finding a longer shafted stick or adding a plug to
extend the length. Preferably, the proper length of the shaft 14 is
determined by resting the handle end 16 of the shaft 14 on the
player's chin area, the shaft 14 extending parallel to the player's
body, with the blade 16 extending at an angle to the hard surface
36 and the toe of the blade 24 on the surface 36 and resting the
opposing end of said shaft 14 against the player 38. A preferred
length of the shaft 14 is when the top edge of the handle area 16
falls between the chin and the nose of the player 38.
[0035] Once a preferred shaft length is determined and provided,
the player 38 grasps the shaft 14 at the handle 16 and extends the
hockey stick 10 in front so that the player's arm is in line from
shoulder to hip at the player's side while standing up straight
with a relaxed grip (see FIG. 7.) Bending the player's elbow
slightly, the heel of the player's hand should rest at the greater
trochanter, above mid-thigh and even with the buttocks. Successful
full blade to surface contact occurs when the lower edge of the
blade 44, between the heel 22 and the toe 24, lies flat on the hard
surface 36. If the lower edge 44 of the blade 24 does not lay flat
on the surface 36, then the player 38 chooses a different stick 10
with lie angle from the rack 46 until such contact is found.
Preferably, if the heel 22 of the blade 12 is too high and angles
upward from the hard surface 36, then the lie angle 34 of the blade
24 to the hard surface 36 should be increased, i.e., from a 4 to a
4.5. Alternatively, if the toe 24 of the blade 12 is too high and
angles upward from the hard surface 36, then the lie angle of the
blade 12 to the hard surface 36 should be decreased, i.e., from a 4
to a 3.5.
[0036] Alternatively, an active lie determination system may be
used for measuring the lie angle of the flat blade of the present
invention wherein the player 38 is skating on a playing surface 36.
Initially, the player 38 determines the proper height of the hockey
stick shaft 14 using the method above while standing in skates
(hockey or rollerblades, or any other proper footwear for the
chosen sport) on the playing surface 36. Once the proper shaft 14
is measured, the blade 12 is wrapped with tape 48 in the flat area
44 between the heel 22 and the toe 24 (FIG. 4.) The player 38 then
skates along the playing surface 36 while holding the handle 16 of
the shaft 14 in the player's hand and placing the blade 12 upon the
surface 36 so that the taped blade 12 makes contact with the
playing surface 36. Preferably, the player 38 skates along the
surface 36 in a normal playing stance so that an accurate
assessment of blade to surface contact is created along the taped
area 46 of the blade 12. After skating, the lower edge of the blade
44 along the taped area 46 is observed to determine the blade to
surface contact area.
[0037] Successful full blade to surface contact occurs when the
lower edge of the blade 44, between the heel 22 and the toe 24,
lies flat on the hard surface 36. If the lower edge of the blade 44
does not lay flat on the surface, then the player 38 chooses a
different stick 10 with lie angle 34 until such contact is found.
Preferably, if the heel 22 of the blade 12 is too high and angles
upward from the hard surface 36, then the lie angle 34 of the blade
12 to the hard surface 36 should be increased, i.e., from a 5 to a
5.5. Alternatively, if the toe 24 of the blade 12 is too high and
angles upward from the hard surface 36, then the lie angle 34 of
the blade 12 to the hard surface 36 should be decreased, i.e., from
a 5 to a 4.5.
[0038] The lie angle 34 of the blade 12 may be adjusted after each
trial skate to achieve maximum blade contact with the surface
thereby increasing puck control and shooting of the individual
player.
[0039] Other modifications to the present invention include a
blade, hosel and shaft formed of any one or combination of several
types of materials such as aluminum, wood, a polymer, an alloyed
steel such as tungsten, any carbon materials such as graphite or
any other materials used in the industry that are capable of
withstanding the repeated stress of a high speed shot or pass.
* * * * *