U.S. patent application number 10/874979 was filed with the patent office on 2005-12-29 for safety suction inlet.
Invention is credited to Campbell, Graham J..
Application Number | 20050283900 10/874979 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 35503882 |
Filed Date | 2005-12-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050283900 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Campbell, Graham J. |
December 29, 2005 |
Safety suction inlet
Abstract
A novel safety suction inlet for use with conventional and
safety suction circulation systems in hydrotherapy tubs, spas or
pools, to avoid potential hazards including body, hair or other
foreign object entrapment or entanglement, is disclosed. In a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, the safety suction
inlet includes an internal gate positioned just beneath an internal
suction cover. The internal gate provides a secondary point of
safety in the event that the suction cover becomes lost or
otherwise dislodged from the safety suction inlet. In alternative
embodiments of the present invention, the safety suction inlet may
be combined with conventional circulation systems to provide
additional levels of safety against injury or damage, should an
object become entrapped or entangled in the safety suction inlet.
Any of the embodiments of the present invention may be used with a
conventional or safety circulation system. Further, for those
embodiments having an internal gate or other means for preventing
entanglement, the external cover may be removably fixed to the
suction inlet, thereby adding an additional level of protection
against an object becoming entangled in the suction inlet.
Inventors: |
Campbell, Graham J.;
(Stevenson Ranch, CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
CISLO & THOMAS, LLP
233 WILSHIRE BLVD
SUITE 900
SANTA MONICA
CA
90401-1211
US
|
Family ID: |
35503882 |
Appl. No.: |
10/874979 |
Filed: |
June 23, 2004 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
4/507 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61H 33/6073 20130101;
E03C 1/264 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
004/507 |
International
Class: |
E04H 004/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A circulation system for use with hydrotherapy tubs, spas and
pools, comprising: a safety suction inlet further comprising a
suction inlet body, an external suction cover for preventing an
object from becoming entangled and blocking said suction inlet
body, said external suction cover attached to said suction inlet
body, and an internal gate fixed within said safety suction inlet
body and positioned just behind said external suction cover, said
internal gate providing a secondary point of safety in case said
external suction cover becomes detached from said safety suction
inlet; a circulation flow path connected to said safety suction
inlet; and a pump connected to said circulation flow path, said
pump for drawing water through said safety suction inlet and said
circulation flow path.
2. The safety suction inlet of claim 1, wherein said internal gate
is permanently fixed within said suction inlet body.
3. The safety suction inlet of claim 1, wherein said internal gate
is removably fixed within said suction inlet body.
4. The safety suction inlet of claim 1, further comprising a
plurality of raised tabs for preventing an object from becoming
entrapped in said suction inlet body.
5. The safety suction inlet of claim 1, wherein said internal gate
further comprises a plurality of projections for preventing an
object from becoming entangled in said suction inlet body.
6. A safety suction inlet, comprising: a suction inlet body; an
external suction cover for preventing an object from becoming
entangled and blocking said suction inlet body, said external
suction cover attached to said suction inlet body; and an internal
gate fixed within said suction inlet body and positioned just
behind said external suction cover, said internal gate for
providing a secondary point of safety in case said external suction
cover becomes detached from said safety suction inlet.
7. The safety suction inlet of claim 6, wherein said internal gate
is permanently fixed within said suction inlet body.
8. The safety suction inlet of claim 6, wherein said internal gate
is removably fixed within said suction inlet body.
9. The safety suction inlet of claim 6, further comprising a
plurality of raised tabs for preventing an object from becoming
entrapped in said suction inlet body.
10. The safety suction inlet of claim 6, wherein said internal gate
further comprises a plurality of projections for preventing an
object from becoming entangled in said suction inlet body.
11. A safety suction circulation system for use with hydrotherapy
tubs, spas or pools, comprising: a pump for drawing water through
said circulation system; a suction inlet body connected to said
circulation system; an external suction cover for preventing an
object from becoming entangled and blocking said suction inlet
body, said external suction cover attached to said suction inlet
body; an internal gate fixed within said suction inlet body and
positioned just behind said external suction cover, said internal
gate for providing a secondary point of safety in case said
external suction cover becomes detached from said suction inlet;
means for disabling said pump if said circulation system becomes
blocked.
12. The safety suction circulation system of claim 11, wherein said
internal gate is permanently fixed within said suction inlet
body.
13. The safety suction circulation system of claim 11, wherein said
internal gate is removably fixed within said suction inlet
body.
14. The safety suction circulation system of claim 11, wherein said
internal gate further comprises a plurality of raised tabs for
preventing an object from becoming entrapped in said suction inlet
body.
15. The safety suction circulation system of claim 11, wherein said
internal gate further comprises a plurality of projections for
preventing an object from becoming entangled in said suction inlet
body.
16. A safety suction inlet, comprising: a suction inlet body having
a front portion and a rear portion; an external suction cover for
preventing an object from becoming entangled and blocking said
suction inlet body, said external suction cover attached to said
front portion of said suction inlet body; a flow element for
coupling said suction inlet body to a circulation system, said flow
element attached to said rear portion of said suction inlet body;
and an internal gate fixed to said flow element and positioned
adjacent to said suction inlet body, said internal gate for
providing a secondary point of safety incase said external suction
cover becomes detached from said safety suction inlet.
17. The safety suction inlet of claim 16, wherein said internal
gate is permanently fixed within said flow element.
18. The safety suction inlet of claim 16, wherein said internal
gate is removably fixed within said flow element.
19. The safety suction inlet of claim 16, further comprising a
plurality of raised tabs for preventing an object from becoming
entrapped in said suction inlet body.
20. The safety suction inlet of claim 16, wherein said internal
gate further comprises a plurality of projections for preventing an
object from becoming entangled in said suction inlet body.
21. The safety suction inlet of claim 16, wherein said flow element
comprises one of an elbow, pipe, or fitting.
22. A safety suction inlet, comprising: a suction inlet body having
a front portion and a rear portion; an external suction cover for
preventing an object from becoming entangled and blocking said
suction inlet body, said external suction cover attached to said
front portion of said suction inlet body; a flow element for
coupling said suction inlet body to a circulation system, said flow
element attached to said rear portion of said suction inlet body;
and a plurality of projections fixed to said flow element and
positioned adjacent to said suction inlet body, said plurality of
projections for providing a secondary point of safety in case said
external suction cover becomes removed from said safety suction
inlet.
23. The safety suction inlet of claim 22, wherein said plurality of
projections are permanently fixed adjacent to said flow
element.
24. The safety suction inlet of claim 22, wherein said plurality of
projections are removably fixed adjacent to said flow element.
25. The safety suction inlet of claim 22, wherein said flow element
comprises one of an elbow, pipe, or fitting.
26. A circulation system for use with hydrotherapy tubs, spas and
pools, comprising: a circulation flow path for routing water to and
from said hydrotherapy tubs, sapas and pools; a pump connected to
said circulation flow path, said pump for drawing water through
said safety suction inlet and said circulation flow path; a suction
inlet body having a front portion and a rear portion; an external
suction cover for preventing an object from becoming entangled and
blocking said suction inlet body, said external suction cover
attached to said front portion of said suction inlet body; a flow
element for coupling said suction inlet body to said circulation
flow path, said flow element attached between said rear portion of
said suction inlet body and said circulation flow path; and an
internal gate fixed to said flow element and positioned within said
safety suction inlet body just behind said external suction cover,
said internal gate providing a secondary point of safety in case
said external suction cover becomes removed from said safety
suction inlet.
27. The circulation system of claim 26, wherein said internal gate
is permanently fixed within said flow element.
28. The circulation system of claim 26, wherein said internal gate
is removably fixed within said flow element.
29. The circulation system of claim 26, further comprising a
plurality of raised tabs for preventing an object from becoming
entrapped in said suction inlet body.
30. The circulation system of claim 26, wherein said internal gate
further comprises a plurality of projections for preventing an
object from becoming entangled in said suction inlet body.
31. A safety suction circulation system for use with hydrotherapy
tubs, spas or pools, comprising: a pump for drawing water through
said circulation system; a suction inlet body connected to said
circulation system; an external suction cover for preventing an
object from becoming entangled and blocking said suction inlet
body, said external suction cover attached to said suction inlet
body; a flow element for coupling said suction inlet body to said
circulation system, said flow element connected between said said
suction inlet body and said pump; an internal gate fixed to said
flow element and positioned within said suction inlet body just
behind said external suction cover, said internal gate for
providing a secondary point of safety in case said external suction
cover becomes removed from said suction inlet body; and means for
disabling said pump if said circulation system becomes blocked.
32. The safety suction circulation system of claim 31, wherein said
internal gate is permanently fixed to said flow element.
33. The safety suction circulation system of claim 31, wherein said
internal gate is removably fixed within said flow element.
34. The safety suction circulation system of claim 31, wherein said
internal gate further comprises a plurality of raised tabs for
preventing an object from becoming entrapped in said suction inlet
body.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates to circulation systems for
hydrotherapy tubs, spas or pools, and more particularly to a novel
safety suction inlet for use with a circulation system that
incorporates both an internal gate and external cover to avoid
potential hazards including body, hair or other foreign object
entrapment or entanglement, should the external cover be
removed.
[0003] 2. Description of the Prior Art
[0004] It is generally known that water is recirculated under high
pressure in hydrotherapy tubs, spas and pools. A pump draws water
from the interior of a tub or spa through an inlet and forces the
water through one or more jets or nozzles that, after mixing the
water with air, inject the water under pressure back into the
interior of the tub or spa. Because the system uses high pressure
to recirculate the water, there is a danger that an object such as
a body part or hair may become entrapped or entangled in the inlet,
leading to potentially serious consequences inluding serious injury
or death by drowning.
[0005] While most people are unaware of the potential danger of the
circulation system, if one comes in direct contact with any of the
suction inlets of the hydrotherapy tub, spa or pool, the suction
force will immediately form a seal between the inlet and the
individual's skin, or clothing. In addition, the individual's hair
may become entangled in the suction inlet. If either of these
should occur, the force needed to dislodge the body, hair, or other
object can exceed 500 pounds. In addition, in the case of a portion
of the body or hair, serious injuries can be inflicted almost
instantaneously, up to and including death by drowning.
[0006] Once an object, such as a part of the body, becomes
entrapped in the suction inlet of the circulation system, the only
way to dislodge the object is to interrupt or disable the suction
system. One way to do this is to interrupt the electrical power to
the pump; however, even if the power is removed the suction between
the intake of the pump and the obstructed suction inlet could
remain for a short period of time. Thus, a way is needed to quickly
remove the vacuum condition between the obstructed suction inlet
and the intake of the pump, so that the object can be freed without
damage or injury.
[0007] In order to reduce or eliminate the chance of occurence of
such accidents, several solutions for preventing an object from
becoming entrapped in the suction inlet have been proposed. One
approach is to sense the blockage and quickly reduce the vacuum
between the suction inlet and the system pump. For example, floats
or electromagnetic switches for detecting and reacting to potential
blockages have been used; however, these solutions may be
mechanically and/or electrically complicated.
[0008] In order to relieve the vacuum condition between an
obstructed suction inlet and the intake of a pump, U.S. Pat. No.
4,602,391 to Shepard discloses a dynamically balanced suction
relief pump. A controlled amount of water under pressure is
supplied from a pump to an air inlet duct to maintain a water level
in a column under normal operating conditions. A check valve keeps
water from spilling from the column and maintains water in the
column unless a blockage occurs, in which case the water level
drops and air enters the system to cavitate the pump, thereby
relieving the vacuum between the obstructed suction inlet and the
intake of the pump. However, the system disclosed by Shepard is
relatively complex and does not include any additional safety
features to prevent blockage of the suction inlet.
[0009] A different, and much more serious safety concern, is
entanglement which can occur if a portion of hair is drawn into the
suction inlet. If hair becomes entangled in the suction inlet the
individual's head will be held under the water and, unless the
entanglement is released immediately, will result in death by
drowning. Relieving the vacuum condition will generally not release
entangled hair, since the hair will be twisted and knotted behind
the suction inlet.
[0010] Thus, in another approach to reducing the chance of a
foreign object becoming entrapped or entangled in the suction
inlet, an external grate or cover is used to directly cover the
suction inlet. This physically prevents an object (particularly
hair) from being entangled inside the suction inlet and, further,
prevents an efficient seal from being formed between the object and
the inlet. However, if the external grate or cover is removed there
will be no protection against the object becoming entrapped or
entangled in the suction inlet, which can result in serious injury
or death as described above. Thus, the American Society of
Mechanical Engineers has established the ASME/ANSI A112.19.8M
(1987) testing standard for suction inlets to be used with swimming
pools, wading pools, spas, hot tubs and whirlpool bathtub
appliances.
[0011] The ASME/ANSI suction testing standard requires that the
external suction cover be secured mechanically and requires a
special tool for removal of the external suction cover (i.e.,
slotted screws are not permitted; star/Phillips screw heads are
permitted). The intent is to make removal of the external suction
cover difficult to minimize the likelihood that the whirlpool/spa
will be operated without the cover in place.
[0012] If an individual's hair becomes entangled in an external or
one piece suction cover, in order to permit them to remove
themselves from the water and avoid drowning they either need to
pull the hair out of their scalp, cut their hair, immediately pump
all the water out of the tub or spa, or remove the external suction
cover using the required tool. It is extremely unlikely that any of
the above can be accomplished in time.
[0013] With a fixed internal gate combined with an external
(removable) safety cover, the suction inlet could be rated and
tested to the above ASME/ASNI standard with the external safety
cover removed. Instead of requiring a special tool, the external
safety cover could be attached so it could be removed with a light
pull. Further, if the external safety cover were used in
conjunction with a circulation system that cavitates or turns off
the pump when the individual's hair is entangled on the external
safety cover, they would be able to simply pull the external safety
cover off with minimal effort and stand up once the pump either
cavitated or was shut off.
[0014] Accordingly, there is a need for a safety suction inlet for
use with circulation systems for hydrotherapy tubs, spas or pools
incorporating both a fixed internal gate and a removable external
safety cover to avoid potential hazards including body, hair or
other foreign object entrapment or entanglement, should the
external safety cover be removed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0015] The present invention is directed to a safety suction inlet
for use with circulation systems for hydrotherapy tubs, spas or
pools, and more particularly to a safety suction inlet
incorporating both a fixed internal gate and a removable external
safety cover to avoid potential hazards including body, hair or
other foreign object entrapment or entanglement, should the
external cover be removed.
[0016] In a first embodiment of the present invention, the safety
suction inlet includes both a fixed internal gate and a removable
external safety cover. The internal gate is permanently positioned
within the body of the safety suction inlet just beneath the
external suction cover. The internal gate is positioned such that
it provides a secondary point of safety in the event that the
external suction cover becomes removed or otherwise dislodged from
the safety suction inlet. The internal gate thus prevents an object
from becoming entrapped or entangled in the safety suction inlet
even if the external suction cover is removed.
[0017] In a second embodiment of the present invention, the safety
suction inlet may be combined with a conventional circulation
system in order to reduce the chance of an object becoming
entrapped or entangled in the suction inlet of the system.
[0018] In a third embodiment of the present invention, the safety
suction inlet may be combined with a safety circulation system
having a cavitation tee connected to a vent in contact with ambient
air. A column of water is maintained in the vent above the
cavitation tee until such time that the safety suction inlet
becomes blocked. When the safety suction inlet is blocked, the
column of water above the cavitation tee and inside the atmospheric
vent reduces to a level that causes air to enter the system and
cavitation of the pump to occur, thereby relieving the vacuum
between the cavitation tee and the safety suction inlet and
releasing the object causing the blockage.
[0019] In a fourth embodiment of the present invention, the
circulation system further includes a focused inlet connected to
the cavitation tee that allows rapid cavitation in the event that
the safety suction inlet becomes blocked. The focused inlet
includes a small orifice placed at the face of the safety suction
inlet having a diameter that can be adjusted to alter the
sensitivity of the cavitation effect.
[0020] In each of the third or fourth embodiments of the present
invention, the cavitation tee may be located remotely away from the
safety suction inlet, thereby providing for convenient installation
and maintenance.
[0021] In a fifth embodiment of the present invention, the safety
suction inlet includes a fixed internal gate, a removable external
safety cover, and a plurality of raised tabs. As with the first
embodiment, in the fifth embodiment the internal gate is positioned
within the body of the safety suction inlet just beneath the
external suction cover. Likewise, the internal gate is positioned
to provide a secondary point of safety in the event that the
external suction cover becomes removed or otherwise dislodged from
the safety suction inlet. In this embodiment, the addition of the
plurality of raised tabs prevents an object from forming a seal
with the safety suction inlet body, thereby reducing the
possibility of an object becoming entrapped. Similarly, the fixed
internal gate prevents an object from becoming entrapped or
entangled in the safety suction inlet even if the external suction
cover is removed.
[0022] In a sixth embodiment of the present invention, the internal
gate is fixed to a flow element that attaches to the back of a
conventional suction inlet. The combination of the flow element and
the conventional suction inlet perform exactly the same function as
the safety suction element having the fixed internal gate. As with
the other embodiments, the internal gate provides a secondary point
of safety in the event that the external suction cover becomes lost
or otherwise dislodged from the safety suction inlet. The internal
gate thus prevents an object from becoming entrapped or entangled
in the safety suction inlet even if the external suction cover is
removed.
[0023] In a seventh embodiment of the present invention, a
plurality of rods or other projections oriented within a flow
element, such as an elbow, prevents an object from becoming
entangled in the safety suction inlet. The combination of the flow
element and the conventional suction inlet performs exactly the
same function as the safety suction element having the fixed
internal gate.
[0024] Any of the first, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh
embodiments of the present invention may be used with a
conventional or safety circulation system. Further, the external
suction cover may be removably fixed to the suction inlet, thereby
adding an additional level of protection against an object becoming
entangled in the suction inlet.
[0025] Further features and advantages of the present invention
will be appreciated by a review of the following detailed
description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with
the following drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The present invention may be best understood by referring to
the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and
the accompanying drawings, wherein like numerals denote like
elements and in which:
[0027] FIG. 1 shows a prior art suction inlet 100 for use with a
hydrotherapy tub or spa circulation system.
[0028] FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of safety suction inlet 200 that
includes a fixed internal safety gate 204 constructed in accordance
with the present invention;
[0029] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of safety suction inlet 200
with internal safety gate 204 and a removable external cover
210;
[0030] FIG. 4 shows a conventional circulation system 400 that
includes safety suction inlet 200 of the present invention;
[0031] FIG. 5 shows a safety suction circulation system 500 that
includes safety suction inlet 200 of the present invention
[0032] FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a safety suction
inlet 600 that includes an internal safety gate 604 having a
plurality of raised tabs 606a-606c;
[0033] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of safety suction inlet 600
with an external cover 610;
[0034] FIG. 8 shows a flow element 800 containing an internal
safety gate 804 for use with prior art suction inlet 100; and
[0035] FIG. 9 shows a flow element 900 comprising a plurality of
projections 904a-904k for use with prior art suction inlet 100.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0036] The following exemplary discussion focuses on a novel safety
suction inlet for use with circulation systems for hydrotherapy
tubs, spas or pools, and more particularly to a safety suction
inlet incorporating both a fixed internal gate and a removable
external safety cover to avoid potential hazards including body,
hair or other foreign object entrapment or entanglement, should the
external cover be removed.
[0037] Referring to FIG. 1, a prior art suction inlet 100,
comprising an inlet body 102, an external cover 104 and a gasket
106, is shown. Suction inlet 100 is conventionally used with any
type of circulation system; however, if external cover 104 is lost
or misplaced, an object could be sucked into suction inlet 100,
resulting in damage or bodily injury.
[0038] Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, a safety suction inlet 200
constructed in accordance with a first embodiment of the present
invention, is shown. Safety suction inlet 200 comprises a suction
inlet body 202, an internal safety gate 204, a threaded mounting
portion 206, a plurality of external cover-mounting tabs 208a-208d,
and an external safety cover 210. Internal safety gate 204 is
mounted inside of suction inlet body 202 to provide an additional
level of safety should external safety cover 210 (FIG. 3) be
removed, thereby preventing an object from being sucked into and/or
becoming entangled in safety inlet 200. Internal safety gate 204
can either be permanently fixed inside of suction inlet body 202,
or mounted in a manner that requires a special tool for
removal.
[0039] Referring to external safety cover 210, FIG. 3 shows a
perspective view of safety suction inlet 200 and, in particular,
how external safety cover 210 may be removably mounted to the front
of suction inlet body 202. External safety cover 210 may be removed
for cleaning and may be easily and economically replaced in the
event of cracking, breaking, or other damage. Further, the fixed
mounting of internal safety gate 204 within suction inlet body 202
allows safety suction inlet 200 to be tested and certified without
external safety cover 210. Thus, external safety cover 210 may be
removably mounted to safety suction inlet 200, thereby providing
for easy removal should hair become entangled in external safety
cover 210. In addition, external safety cover 210 may incorporate a
variety of decorative design features that would not be possible if
screws or other hardware were required to fasten external safety
cover 210 to safety suction inlet 200.
[0040] Although safety suction inlet 200 is shown with threaded
mounting portion 206, other mounting mechanisms including press
fit, adhesive, or o-ring are possible and are intended to fall
within the scope of the present invention. The use of such mounting
methods will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
[0041] Continuing with FIG. 4, a conventional circulation system
400 that comprises safety suction inlet 200 having internal safety
gate 204 and external cover 210, a pump 402, a circulation path
404, and a return path 406, is shown. Safety suction inlet 200 and
suction cover 210 are located in the interior of a hydrotherapy
tub, spa or pool (partial wall 410 shown) and serve to channel
water into safety suction circulation system 400. Safety suction
inlet 200 is connected to an intake of pump 402 through circulation
path 404. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art,
circulation path 404 may be comprised of multiple components, such
as pipes, elbows, threaded fittings, and other conventional
components (not individually shown).
[0042] Return path 406 is connected to an output of pump 402 and
serves to return water to the interior of the hydrotherapy tub, spa
or pool. As with circulation path 404, return path 406 may be
comprised of multiple components, such as pipes, elbows, threaded
fittings, and other conventional components (again, not
individually shown).
[0043] Conventional circulation system 400 operates as follows.
During normal operation, water is drawn from the hydrotherapy tub,
spa or pool through safety suction inlet 200 and circulation path
404 by pump 402 and back to the hydrotherapy tub, spa or pool
through return path 406. In FIG. 4, the direction of the flow
through circulation path 404 during normal operation is depicted by
the arrows labeled "A." If safety suction inlet 200 becomes
blocked, the flow through circulation path 404 is immediately
stopped; however, external safety cover 210 prevents the object
from being sucked into suction inlet body 202 and causing serious
injury or damage. Further, if external safety cover 210 is removed,
internal safety gate 204 provides an additional level of protection
against the object being sucked into suction inlet body 202 and
causing serious injury or damage.
[0044] Referring now to FIG. 5, a safety suction circulation system
500 constructed in accordance with a first embodiment of the
present invention, is disclosed. Safety suction circulation system
500 comprises safety suction inlet 200 having internal safety gate
204 and external safety cover 210, a pump 502, a primary
circulation path 504, and a return path 514. Safety suction
circulation system 500 further comprises a secondary circulation
path 506 consisting of a cavitation tee 508, an air vent 510, and a
focused inlet 512. Note that the cross-sectional area of primary
circulation path 504 is much larger than the cross-sectional area
of secondary circulation path 506.
[0045] Safety suction inlet 200 and suction cover 210 are located
in the interior of a hydrotherapy tub, spa or pool (partial wall
516 shown) and serve to channel water into safety suction
circulation system 500. Safety suction inlet 200 is connected to an
intake of pump 502 through primary circulation path 504 and, in
parallel, through secondary circulation path 506. As will be
apparent to those skilled in the art, both primary circulation path
504 and secondary circulation path 506 may be comprised of multiple
components, such as pipes, elbows, threaded fittings, and other
conventional components (not individually shown).
[0046] Return path 514 is connected to an output of pump 502 and
serves to return water to the interior of the hydrotherapy tub, spa
or pool. As with primary circulation path 504 and secondary
circulation path 506, return path 514 may be comprised of multiple
components, such as pipes, elbows, threaded fittings, and other
conventional components (again, not individually shown). Air vent
510 connects secondary circulation path 506 to ambient air through
cavitation tee 508 and is oriented vertically to maintain a column
of water above its end under normal operating conditions.
[0047] Safety suction circulation system 500 operates as follows.
During normal operation, water is drawn from hydrotherapy tub, spa
or pool through safety suction inlet 200 and primary circulation
path 504 by pump 502 and back to the hydrotherapy tub or spa
through return path 514. In FIG. 5, the flow through primary
circulation path 504 during normal operation is depicted by the
arrows labeled "A." Also during normal operation, a small amount of
water flows through secondary circulation path 506; however, due to
the large difference in cross-sectional areas between primary
circulation path 504 and secondary circulation path 506, the flow
through the latter is much smaller. The precise flow rate through
secondary circulation path 506 may be further controlled by focused
inlet 512 and is adjusted so that the water level in air vent 510
is just balanced by the ambient air pressure without
overflowing.
[0048] If safety suction inlet 200 becomes blocked, the flow
through primary circulation path 504 is immediately stopped, and
air is drawn through air vent 510 into secondary circulation path
506. The air flow continues into pump 502, breaks the priming of
the system and causes pump 502 to cavitate, thereby reducing the
vacuum in primary circulation path 504. This allows the object that
is blocking safety suction inlet 200 to be released. In FIG. 5, the
flow through secondary circulation path 506 when suction inlet 200
is blocked is depicted by the arrows labeled "B."
[0049] The description of safety suction circulation system 500
describes one conventional method for relieving the vacuum in the
suction line. As will be obvious to those skilled in the art, a
number of other methods exist for relieving the vacuum, including
electrical disablement, column of water, check valve without a
column of water, multiple suction fittings, and combinations
thereof. Safety suction inlet 200 of the present invention may be
used in combination with each of these methods to reduce the danger
of hair entanglement that could lead to serious injury or death by
drowning.
[0050] Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 7, an alternative embodiment of
a safety suction inlet 600 is disclosed. Safety suction inlet 600
comprises a suction inlet body 602, an internal safety gate 604
having a plurality of raised tabs 606a-606c, a mounting portion 603
(shown threaded for illustration purposes only), a plurality of
external cover mounting tabs 605a-605d, and an external safety
cover 610. External safety cover 610 mounts to the front of suction
inlet body 602 and is held in place by plurality of external cover
mounting tabs 605a-605d. Internal safety gate 604 is fixed within
suction inlet body 602 to provide an additional level of safety
should external safety cover 610 be removed, thereby preventing an
object from becoming entangled in safety inlet 600. In addition,
the plurality of raised tabs 606a-606c prevents an object from
forming a seal with the safety suction inlet body, thereby reducing
the possibility of an object becoming entrapped.
[0051] Continuing with FIG. 8, a flow element 800 comprises a flow
element body 802 and an internal gate 804 that is permanently fixed
to one end of flow body 802. As will be apparent to those skilled
in the art, flow body 800 may comprise an elbow, pipe, or any other
type of fitting used in the fabrication of circulation systems for
hydrotherapy tubs, spas and pools. Flow element 800 may be attached
to the back of conventional suction inlet 100 (see FIG. 1 herein),
and the combination of flow element 800 and conventional suction
inlet 100 perform exactly the same function as safety suction
element 200 having fixed internal gate 204. As with the previously
described embodiment, internal gate 804 provides a secondary point
of safety in the event that external cover 104 becomes lost or
otherwise dislodged from suction inlet 100. Internal gate 804 thus
prevents an object from becoming entrapped or entangled in suction
inlet 100 even if external cover 104 is lost or removed.
[0052] In FIG. 9, a plurality of rods 904a-904k, of the same or
differing heights, are oriented within a body 902 of a flow element
900, such as an elbow, to prevent an object from becoming entangled
in a suction inlet. As will further be apparent to those skilled in
the art, flow element 900 may comprise an elbow, pipe, or any other
type of fitting used in the fabrication of circulation systems for
hydrotherapy tubs, spas and pools. Flow element 900 may be attached
to the back of conventional suction inlet 100 (see FIG. 1 herein),
the combination of flow element 900 and suction inlet 100 perform
exactly the same function as safety suction inlet 200 having fixed
internal gate 204.
[0053] Any embodiments of FIGS. 2-3 and 6-9 may be used with a
conventional circulation system 400 or safety circulation system
500. Further, for those embodiments having an internal gate or
other means for preventing an object from becoming entangled in the
suction inlet, the external suction cover may be removably fixed to
the suction inlet, thereby adding an additional level of protection
against an object becoming entangled in the suction inlet.
[0054] The foregoing description includes what are at present
considered to be preferred embodiments of the invention. However,
it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that
various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For
example, the specific shape and dimensions of suction inlet 200 or
internal safety gate 204, or the hole size or pattern of the
latter, may be changed. Alternatively, the precise number of
components and physical layout of conventional circulation system
400 or safety suction circulation system 500 may vary according to
the specific application. In addition, external safety cover 210
may be removably attached to safety suction inlet 200 in a variety
of ways. Accordingly, it is intended that such changes and
modifications fall within the spirit and scope of the invention,
and that the invention be limited only by the following claims.
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