U.S. patent application number 10/855997 was filed with the patent office on 2005-12-01 for method and application for applying labels on surfaces of selected surfaces of varying orientations.
This patent application is currently assigned to United Parcel Service of America, Inc.. Invention is credited to Smith, Steven L..
Application Number | 20050263535 10/855997 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34967394 |
Filed Date | 2005-12-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050263535 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Smith, Steven L. |
December 1, 2005 |
Method and application for applying labels on surfaces of selected
surfaces of varying orientations
Abstract
A device and method of using same is provides which includes the
use of an apparatus configured to apply labels to parcels moving
along a conveyor belt. The apparatus of the present invention
includes a support frame, a pair of turntable assemblies, a
corresponding pair of arm assemblies, similarly corresponding arm
assembly drive motors, a label application head assembly, a label
printer/supplier, and a controlling apparatus. The support frame
supports the pair of two turntable assemblies. Each of the
turntable assemblies supports one of the arm assemblies such that
each of the arm assemblies is pivotable about a horizontal axis.
Each of the arm assemblies is also movable along its longitudinal
axis relative to its respective turntable. The lower ends of arm
assemblies are attached together in a hinged connection. At one end
of one of the arm assemblies is attached a label application head
assembly. This attachment is a pivoting connection that allows for
label application to the horizontal or vertical surfaces of parcels
passing thereby. The turntable assemblies are not powered, but
allow for a relatively free pivoting connection of the arm
assemblies relative to the stationary support frame. However, the
linear movement of the arm assemblies along their longitudinal axis
is powered by corresponding arm assembly drive motors. This linear
movement is independently controlled by a controlling apparatus,
such that the label application head assembly can be positioned at
various desired locations above a conveyor belt or other supporting
surface.
Inventors: |
Smith, Steven L.; (Buford,
GA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
ALSTON & BIRD LLP
BANK OF AMERICA PLAZA
101 SOUTH TRYON STREET, SUITE 4000
CHARLOTTE
NC
28280-4000
US
|
Assignee: |
United Parcel Service of America,
Inc.
|
Family ID: |
34967394 |
Appl. No.: |
10/855997 |
Filed: |
May 28, 2004 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
221/73 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65C 2009/0003 20130101;
B65C 1/021 20130101; Y10T 156/1788 20150115; B65C 9/26 20130101;
Y10T 156/1768 20150115; Y10T 156/1744 20150115 |
Class at
Publication: |
221/073 |
International
Class: |
B65H 005/28; G11B
021/16; G11B 017/00; G07F 011/68 |
Claims
That which is claimed:
1. An apparatus for transferring labels or other items to an outer
surface of parcels being conveyed along a conveying path, said path
having a width and defined by a conveying surface having a portion
lying in a conveying plane, said parcels having horizontal and
vertical surfaces, said apparatus comprising: a relatively
stationary frame; a first turntable assembly, said first turntable
assembly itself comprising: a first stationary turntable portion
attached relative to said stationary frame; and a first rotating
turntable portion rotatably attached relative to said first
stationary turntable portion such that said first rotating
turntable portion can rotate about a first turntable axis relative
to said first stationary turntable portion and said frame; a second
turntable assembly, said second turntable assembly itself
comprising: a second stationary turntable portion attached relative
to said stationary frame; and a second rotating turntable portion
rotatably attached relative to said second stationary turntable
portion such that said second rotating turntable portion can rotate
about a second turntable axis relative to said second stationary
turntable portion and said frame; a first elongate arm mounted
relative to said first rotating turntable portion so as to allow
for linear movement of said first elongate arm relative to said
first rotating turntable portion along a first linear path
substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said first
elongate arm, yet said first elongate arm is also allowed to rotate
about said first turntable axis along with said first rotating
turntable portion; a second elongate arm mounted relative to said
second rotating turntable portion so as to allow for linear
movement of said second elongate arm relative to said second
rotating turntable portion along a second linear path substantially
parallel to the longitudinal axis of said second elongate arm, yet
said second elongate arm is also allowed to rotate about said
second turntable axis along with said second rotating turntable
portion; a pivoting connection intermediate and connecting said
first and second elongate arms; a first arm drive means to provide
a force sufficient to cause said first elongate arm to move along
said first linear path relative to said first rotating turntable
portion; a second arm drive means to provide a force sufficient to
cause said second elongate arm to move along said second linear
path relative to said second rotating turntable portion; and a
label application head attached relative to one of said first and
second elongate arms, such that said label application head may be
moved to various locations across the width of said conveyor path
and at different heights relative to said conveyor surface, and
said label application head may be manipulated to dispense labels
or other items upon surfaces of parcels being conveyed along said
conveying surface.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the attachment of
said label application head is comprised of a pivoting connection
intermediate the lower end of at least one of the elongate arm
members and said label application head, to allow said labels or
other items to be attached to both horizontal and vertical parcel
surfaces.
3. An apparatus for transferring labels or other items to an outer
surface of parcels being conveyed along a conveying path, said path
having a width and defined by a conveying surface having a portion
lying in a conveying plane, said parcels having horizontal and
vertical surfaces, said apparatus comprising: a relatively
stationary frame; a first turntable assembly, said first turntable
assembly itself comprising: a first stationary turntable portion
attached relative to said stationary frame; and a first rotating
turntable portion rotatably attached relative to said first
stationary turntable portion such that said first rotating
turntable portion can rotate about a first turntable axis relative
to said first stationary turntable portion and said frame, said
first turntable axis being spaced a first distance from the closest
point of said conveying plane; a second turntable assembly, said
second turntable assembly itself comprising: a second stationary
turntable portion attached relative to said stationary frame; and a
second rotating turntable portion rotatably attached relative to
said second stationary turntable portion such that said second
rotating turntable portion can rotate about a second turntable axis
relative to said second stationary turntable portion and said
frame, said second turntable axis spaced a second distance from the
closest point of said conveying plane; a first elongate arm mounted
relative to said first rotating turntable portion so as to allow
for linear movement of said first elongate arm relative to said
first rotating turntable portion along a first linear path
substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said first
elongate arm, yet said first elongate arm is also allowed to rotate
about said first turntable axis along with said first rotating
turntable portion; a second elongate arm mounted relative to said
second rotating turntable portion so as to allow for linear
movement of said second elongate arm relative to said second
rotating turntable portion along a second linear path substantially
parallel to the longitudinal axis of said second elongate arm, yet
said second elongate arm is also allowed to rotate about said
second turntable axis along with said second rotating turntable
portion; a pivoting connection intermediate and connecting said
first and second elongate arms, said pivoting connection being
along an arm pivoting connection axis that is substantially
parallel to said first and second turntable axes, and said arm
pivoting connection axis being spaced a third distance from the
closest of said conveying plane, said third distance being less
than either one of said first or second distances referenced above;
a first arm drive means to provide a force sufficient to cause said
first elongate arm to move along said first linear path relative to
said first rotating turntable portion; a second arm drive means to
provide a force sufficient to cause said second elongate arm to
move along said second linear path relative to said second rotating
turntable portion; and a label application head pivotably attached
about a label head pivot axis relative to one of said first and
second elongate arms, said label head pivot axis being
substantially parallel to said first and second turntable axes,
wherein said label application head may be manipulated about said
label head pivot axis, and at the same time said first and second
arm drive means may be operated so as to cause said first and
second arm assemblies to move along said first and second linear
paths, respectively, relative to said first and second rotating
turntable portions, respectively, such that said label application
head may be moved to various locations across the width of said
conveyor path and at different heights relative to said conveyor
surface, and said label application head may be manipulated at
suitably different orientations to dispense labels or other items
upon both horizontal and vertical surfaces of parcels being
conveyed along said conveying surface.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said first and
second elongate arms are configured to move back and forth along
said linear paths relative to said first and second rotating
turntable portions, respectively.
5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, further comprising first
and second linear bearing assemblies to facilitate said linear
movement of said first and second elongate leg members along said
paths.
6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said label
application head is attached proximate the end of said first
elongate arm.
7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said turntable
assemblies are not powered but are free to idle.
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said first arm
drive means is configured to provide a force sufficient to cause
rotation of said first and second arms about said first and second
turntable axes as said first arm drive means provides a force
sufficient to cause said first arm to move along said first linear
path relative to said first rotating turntable portion.
9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a
control device configured for controlling said first and second arm
drive means, such that in one mode of operation of the apparatus,
operation of said first arm drive means but not said second arm
drive means causes said first elongate arm to move along a linear
path relative to said first stationary turntable portion, both
rotating turntable portions to rotate, and said label application
head to rotate about said second turntable axis.
10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein said first and
second rotating turntable portions rotate in the same or in the
opposite direction during movement of the label applicator
head.
11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said first and
second arm drive means are configured such that operation of said
first arm drive means, but not said second arm drive means, causes
the axis of said pivoting connection between said two arms to pivot
about said second turntable axis, and such that actuation of said
second arm drive means, but not said first arm drive means, causes
the axis of said pivoting connection between said two arms to pivot
about said first turntable axis, and such that combined operation
of said first and second arm drive means causes the axis of said
pivoting connection between said two arms to move relative to both
turntable axes.
12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said first and
second arm drive means are configured such that operation of said
first and second arm drive means, combined with the pivoting of
said label application head, allows said label application head to
apply labels in a plurality of directions, over a range exceeding
90 degrees.
13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said label
application head is configured to apply labels to the vertical
sides of packages, or to the horizontal tops of packages, as they
pass along said conveyor path.
14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a motor
configured for controlling rotation of said label application head
relative to said first or second support arm member.
15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein said motor is a
servo-controlled motor.
16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said label
application head is configured to accept and dispense labels, and
further comprising a label supplier configured to supply a label to
said label application head.
17. The apparatus as claimed in claim 16, further comprising a
control device operably associated with said first and second
motors and said label application head to cause said arms to be
moved into two positions, a first position such that said label
application head is in a position to facilitate label transfer from
said label supply apparatus to said label applicator head and, and
a second position such that said label application head is in a
position to facilitate label transfer from said label applicator
head to a parcel on said conveyor.
18. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said label
application head is supplied with compressed air to facilitate
forced blowing of the label said label application head, and
wherein said label application head further comprises an electric
fan to facilitate retention of labels on said label application
head by vacuum.
19. An apparatus for transferring labels or other items to an outer
surface of a parcel being conveyed along a conveying path, said
path having a width and defined by an upwardly-directed
substantially horizontal conveying surface having a portion lying
in a horizontal conveying plane, said parcels having horizontal and
vertical surfaces, said apparatus comprising: a relatively
stationary frame; a first turntable assembly, said first turntable
assembly itself comprising: a first stationary turntable portion
attached relative to said stationary frame; and a first rotating
turntable portion rotatably attached relative to said first
stationary turntable portion such that said first rotating
turntable portion can rotate about a first turntable axis relative
to said first stationary turntable portion and said frame, said
first turntable axis being spaced a first distance from the closest
point of said conveying plane; a second turntable assembly, said
second turntable assembly itself comprising: a second stationary
turntable portion attached relative to said stationary frame; and a
second rotating turntable portion rotatably attached relative to
said second stationary turntable portion such that said second
rotating turntable portion can rotate about a second turntable axis
relative to said second stationary turntable portion and said
frame, said second turntable axis spaced a second distance from the
closest point of said conveying plane; a first elongate arm
assembly including a first elongate arm mounted relative to said
first rotating turntable portion so as to allow for linear movement
of said first elongate arm relative to said first rotating
turntable portion along a first linear path substantially parallel
to the longitudinal axis of said first elongate arm, yet said first
elongate arm is also allowed to rotate about said first turntable
axis along with said first rotating turntable portion, said first
elongate arm assembly also including a first cogged belt being
elongate and having its ends attached to said first elongate arm; a
second elongate arm assembly including a second elongate arm
mounted relative to said second rotating turntable portion so as to
allow for linear movement of said second elongate arm relative to
said second rotating turntable portion along a second linear path
substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said second
elongate arm, yet said second elongate arm is also allowed to
rotate about said second turntable axis along with said second
rotating turntable portion, said second elongate arm assembly also
including a second cogged belt being elongate and having its ends
attached to said second elongate arm; a pivoting connection
intermediate and connecting said first and second elongate arms,
said pivoting connection being along an arm pivoting connection
axis that is substantially parallel to said first and second
turntable axes, and said arm pivoting connection axis being spaced
a third distance from the closest of said conveying plane, said
third distance being less than either one of said first or second
distances referenced above; a first arm drive means itself
comprising: a first motor; and a first drive cog; said first drive
cog configured to engage said first cogged belt of said first
elongate arm assembly and said first motor configured to drive said
drive cog to provide a force sufficient to cause said first
elongate arm to move along said first linear path relative to said
first rotating turntable portion; a second arm drive means itself
comprising: a second motor; and a second drive cog; said second
drive cog configured to engage said second cogged belt of said
second elongate arm assembly and said second motor configured to
drive said second drive cog to provide a force sufficient to cause
said second elongate arm to move along said second linear path
relative to said second rotating turntable portion; a label
application head pivotably attached about a label head pivot axis
relative to one of said first and second elongate arms, said label
head pivot axis being substantially parallel to said first and
second turntable axes, wherein said label application head may be
manipulated about said label head pivot axis, and at the same time
said first and second arm drive means may be operated so as to
cause said first and second arm assemblies to move along said first
and second linear paths, respectively, relative to said first and
second rotating turntable portions, respectively, such that said
label application head may be moved to various locations across the
width of said conveyor path and at different heights relative to
said conveyor surface, and said label application head may be
manipulated to dispense labels upon both horizontal and vertical
surfaces of parcels being conveyed along said conveying
surface.
20. A method for transferring labels or other items to an outer
surface of parcels being conveyed along a conveying path, said path
having a width and defined by a conveying surface having a portion
lying in a conveying plane, said parcels having horizontal and
vertical surfaces, said method comprising the steps of: providing a
relatively stationary frame; providing a first turntable assembly,
said first turntable assembly itself comprising: a first stationary
turntable portion attached relative to said stationary frame; and a
first rotating turntable portion rotatably attached relative to
said first stationary turntable portion such that said first
rotating turntable portion can rotate about a first turntable axis
relative to said first stationary turntable portion and said frame;
providing a second turntable assembly, said second turntable
assembly itself comprising: a second stationary turntable portion
attached relative to said stationary frame; and a second rotating
turntable portion rotatably attached relative to said second
stationary turntable portion such that said second rotating
turntable portion can rotate about a second turntable axis relative
to said second stationary turntable portion and said frame;
providing a first elongate arm mounted relative to said first
rotating turntable portion so as to allow for linear movement of
said first elongate arm relative to said first rotating turntable
portion along a first linear path substantially parallel to the
longitudinal axis of said first elongate arm, yet said first
elongate arm is also allowed to rotate about said first turntable
axis along with said first rotating turntable portion; providing a
second elongate arm mounted relative to said second rotating
turntable portion so as to allow for linear movement of said second
elongate arm relative to said second rotating turntable portion
along a second linear path substantially parallel to the
longitudinal axis of said second elongate arm, yet said second
elongate arm is also allowed to rotate about said second turntable
axis along with said second rotating turntable portion; providing a
pivoting connection intermediate and connecting said first and
second elongate arms; providing a first arm drive means to provide
a force sufficient to cause said first elongate arm to move along
said first linear path relative to said first rotating turntable
portion; providing a second arm drive means to provide a force
sufficient to cause said second elongate arm to move along said
second linear path relative to said second rotating turntable
portion; and providing a label application head pivotably attached
relative to one of said first and second elongate arms;
manipulating said label application head about said label head
axis, and at the same time operating first and second arm drive
means so as to cause said first and second arm assemblies to move
along said first and second linear paths, respectively, relative to
said first and second rotating turntable portions, respectively;
moving said label application head to various locations across the
width of said conveyor path and at different heights relative to
said conveyor surface, and manipulating said label application head
to suitably different orientations to dispense labels or other
items upon both horizontal and vertical surfaces of parcels being
conveyed along said conveying surface.
21. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein said first and
second arm drive means are controlled to provide a force sufficient
to cause said first and second elongate arms to accelerate and
decelerate at approximately the same time.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates generally to the placement or
reading of labels, markings, or other items on parcels or other
items being conveyed along a conveying path.
[0003] 2. Description of Related Art
[0004] The prior art includes many different methods and
apparatuses for applying labels to parcels or other items to
parcels as they pass along a conveying path. However, there are
always needs in the art and improvements needed thereto.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the
prior art by providing a method and apparatus for attaching labels
(including bar or other coded labels and including but not limited
to RFID labels) or other articles to parcels or other items.
[0006] Generally described, the invention is directed towards a
method and apparatus for transferring labels or other items to an
outer surface of parcels being conveyed along a conveying path, the
path having a width and defined by a conveying surface having a
portion lying in a conveying plane, the parcels having horizontal
and vertical surfaces, the apparatus comprising a relatively
stationary frame, a first turntable assembly, the first turntable
assembly itself comprising a first stationary turntable portion
attached relative to the stationary frame, and a first rotating
turntable portion rotatably attached relative to the first
stationary turntable portion such that the first rotating turntable
portion can rotate about a first turntable axis relative to the
first stationary turntable portion and the frame, a second
turntable assembly, the second turntable assembly itself comprising
a second stationary turntable portion attached relative to the
stationary frame, and a second rotating turntable portion rotatably
attached relative to the second stationary turntable portion such
that the second rotating turntable portion can rotate about a
second turntable axis relative to the second stationary turntable
portion and the frame, a first elongate arm mounted relative to the
first rotating turntable portion so as to allow for linear movement
of the first elongate arm relative to the first rotating turntable
portion along a first linear path substantially parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the first elongate arm, yet the first elongate
arm is also allowed to rotate about the first turntable axis along
with the first rotating turntable portion, a second elongate arm
mounted relative to the second rotating turntable portion so as to
allow for linear movement of the second elongate arm relative to
the second rotating turntable portion along a second linear path
substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second
elongate arm, yet the second elongate arm is also allowed to rotate
about the second turntable axis along with the second rotating
turntable portion, a pivoting connection intermediate and
connecting the first and second elongate arms, a first arm drive
means to provide a force sufficient to cause the first elongate arm
to move along the first linear path relative to the first rotating
turntable portion, a second arm drive means to provide a force
sufficient to cause the second elongate arm to move along the
second linear path relative to the second rotating turntable
portion, and a label application head attached relative to one of
the first and second elongate arms, such that the label application
head may be moved to various locations across the width of the
conveyor path and at different heights relative to the conveyor
surface, and the label application head may be manipulated to
dispense labels or other items upon surfaces of parcels being
conveyed along the conveying surface.
[0007] The invention is further directed towards a method for
transferring labels or other items to an outer surface of parcels
being conveyed along a conveying path, said path having a width and
defined by a conveying surface having a portion lying in a
conveying plane, said parcels having horizontal and vertical
surfaces, said method comprising the steps of providing a
relatively stationary frame, providing a first turntable assembly,
said first turntable assembly itself comprising a first stationary
turntable portion attached relative to said stationary frame, and a
first rotating turntable portion rotatably attached relative to
said first stationary turntable portion such that said first
rotating turntable portion can rotate about a first turntable axis
relative to said first stationary turntable portion and said frame,
providing a second turntable assembly, said second turntable
assembly itself comprising a second stationary turntable portion
attached relative to said stationary frame, and a second rotating
turntable portion rotatably attached relative to said second
stationary turntable portion such that said second rotating
turntable portion can rotate about a second turntable axis relative
to said second stationary turntable portion and said frame,
providing a first elongate arm mounted relative to said first
rotating turntable portion so as to allow for linear movement of
said first elongate arm relative to said first rotating turntable
portion along a first linear path substantially parallel to the
longitudinal axis of said first elongate arm, yet said first
elongate arm is also allowed to rotate about said first turntable
axis along with said first rotating turntable portion, providing a
second elongate arm mounted relative to said second rotating
turntable portion so as to allow for linear movement of said second
elongate arm relative to said second rotating turntable portion
along a second linear path substantially parallel to the
longitudinal axis of said second elongate arm, yet said second
elongate arm is also allowed to rotate about said second turntable
axis along with said second rotating turntable portion, providing a
pivoting connection intermediate and connecting said first and
second elongate arms, providing a first arm drive means to provide
a force sufficient to cause said first elongate arm to move along
said first linear path relative to said first rotating turntable
portion, providing a second arm drive means to provide a force
sufficient to cause said second elongate arm to move along said
second linear path relative to said second rotating turntable
portion, and providing a label application head pivotably attached
relative to one of said first and second elongate arms,
manipulating said label application head about said label head
axis, and at the same time operating first and second arm drive
means so as to cause said first and second arm assemblies to move
along said first and second linear paths, respectively, relative to
said first and second rotating turntable portions, respectively,
moving said label application head to various locations across the
width of said conveyor path and at different heights relative to
said conveyor surface, and manipulating said label application head
to suitably different orientations to dispense labels or other
items upon both horizontal and vertical surfaces of parcels being
conveyed along said conveying surface.
[0008] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to
provide an improved method and apparatus for applying labels or
other items to separate items.
[0009] It is a further object of the present invention to provide
an improved method and apparatus for applying adhesive labels to
items on a conveyor.
[0010] It is a further object of the present invention to provide
an improved method and apparatus for applying labels including RFID
features to items having horizontal or vertical supporting
surfaces.
[0011] It is a further object of the present invention to provide
an improved method and apparatus for applying labels or other items
to parcels on a conveyor, such that the label or other item can be
placed on both vertical and horizontal surfaces of the parcels.
[0012] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
method and apparatus for providing labels or other items on items
which is reliable.
[0013] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
method and apparatus for providing labels or other items on items
which is efficient.
[0014] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
method and apparatus for providing labels or other items on items
which is versatile.
[0015] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
method and apparatus for providing labels or other items on items
which is adjustable.
[0016] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
method and apparatus for positioning an item proximate conveyors on
which packages are transported.
[0017] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
method and apparatus for positioning a scanner or other reading
device relative to parcels or other items as they are conveyed
thereby.
[0018] Other objects, features, and advantages of the present
invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed
description of the preferred embodiment of the invention when taken
in conjunction with the drawing and the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Having thus described the invention in general terms,
reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are
not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:
[0020] FIG. 1 is an illustrative view illustrating the apparatus 10
in operation. Multiple positions of a label application member 74
(being part of a label application head assembly 70) are shown,
both in association with a label printer/supplier 100 (also in an
alternate location 100'), as well as in positions for depositing
labels on parcels 300, 300', which are positioned atop a conveyor
or other supporting surface 200. Upper and lower rotating turntable
assemblies 30U, 30L, are shown which support upper and lower arm
assemblies 50U, 50L, respectively, to allow them to pivot about
pivot points PP1, PP2, respectively while still being able to move
linearly along their length relative to the rotating part of the
turntable. The lower ends of the upper and lower upper arm
assemblies 50U, 50L are pivotably attached at a pivot location "P",
said pivot location being not at the end but proximate the end of
the lower arm assembly 50L, said pivoting connection being along an
axis being substantially horizontal and parallel to the conveyor
direction.
[0021] FIG. 2 is a partial pictorial view of the label application
head assembly 70, attached to the lower end of a lower arm main
frame element 51L (being part of the upper arm assembly). The label
application head assembly 70 is rigidly attached relative to the
lower end of the lower arm assembly 50L. The label application head
assembly 70 includes the following elements: a frame 71, a servo
motor 73, a label application member 74 (having a fan side opening
74-F shown in FIG. 2 and a label side opening 74-L shown later in
FIG. 7A), an applicator position endless drive belt 75, various
control wires and air supply tubes 78, and an optional home
position indicator (laser) 79. The laser 79, which emits a laser
beam 79B, which can be pointed towards a stationery target T, for
"homing" purposes. The servo motor 73 rotatably drives a drive
pulley (seen later in FIGS. 7A and 7B as 73P) about an axis 73A.
The label application member 74 is pivotably mounted relative to
the frame 71 of the label applicator assembly 70 about an axis 74A,
and picks up and subsequently dispenses labels as discussed later
in this application.
[0022] FIG. 3 is a partial pictorial view of a portion of the
assembly 10, namely the portion which includes a support frame 20
(having typical frame elements 21), a breakaway support plate 22,
upper and lower turntable assemblies 30U, 30L, upper and lower arm
assemblies 50U, 50L, and upper and lower arm assembly drive motors
61U, 61L. Also shown are the rotating outer turntable portion 34U
of the upper turntable assembly 30U, the rotating outer turntable
portion 34L of the lower turntable assembly 30L, the upper and
lower linear bearing assemblies 36U, 36L, respectively, and upper
and lower gearbox assemblies 62U, 62L, respectively. It should be
understood that the upper and lower gearbox assemblies could be
located on either side of the upper and lower linear bearing
assemblies 36U, 36L; FIG. 4 shows an alternate layout.
[0023] FIG. 4 is an illustrative view illustrating the interaction
of the upper and lower turntable assemblies 30U, 30L and the upper
and lower arm assemblies 50U, 50L (each of which includes a
respective main frame element (50U, 50L). Typical turntable
bearings 32U, 32L, are shown, which are the bearings intermediate
the stationary inner turntable portions and the rotating outer
turntable portions discussed later in this application. Also shown
illustratively are the lower linear bearing assembly 36L (in
phantom), and the lower gearbox assembly 62L (also in phantom).
Also shown is the upper motor 61U (in phantom), two upper idler
gears 65U, and an upper drive cog 64U. Finally, a portion of the
upper cogged belt 53U is shown, although the ends of the belt are
not shown in their anchored locations attached to the upper arm
frame element 51U as known in the art.
[0024] FIGS. 5A and 5B are illustrative figures, illustrating the
pivoting connection of a portion of the apparatus 10 about a pivot
point PP. Shown is a breakaway support plate 22 pivotably mounted
relative to the support frame 20 about a pivot point PP.
Illustratively are also shown the upper and lower turntable
assemblies 30U, 30L, which are attached to the breakaway support
plate 22. Lower arm assembly 50L is shown, although the upper arm
assembly is understood to be behind the lower arm assembly but is
not shown. It should also be understood that the lower arm assembly
is shown in simplified form, as various control lines, etc are in
reality attached to and extended therefrom. Furthermore, the motors
are not shown. Axes 32UA and 32LA are shown to illustrate the axes
about which the upper and lower arm assemblies, respectively, are
allowed to rotate. If an element such as a box moving on a conveyor
contacts the label application head assembly 70, the apparatus
pivots from the position shown in FIG. 5A to the position shown in
FIG. 5B. A spring 25 provides a return feature as needed.
[0025] FIG. 6 is a side illustrative view showing the manner of
support provided the upper arm assembly 50U relative to the frame
20 having typical frame elements 21. This figure shows the
breakaway support plate 22 pivotably attached at pivot point PP
relative to the frame 20, with a presence sensor 27 being used to
provide a control indication that that the breakaway support plate
22 is in the position of FIG. 6, or alternately in the position of
FIG. 5B. The return spring is not shown. The inner and outer
turntable portions 31U, 34U for the upper turntable assembly 30U
are shown, as are the inner and outer turntable portions 31L, 34L
for the lower turntable assembly 30L shown. Also shown are the
linear bearings 37U that provide for the linear movement between
the upper arm assembly 50U and rotating outer turntable portions
34U of the upper turntable assembly 30U.
[0026] FIGS. 7A and 7B are illustrative views, illustrating the
operation and interaction of the servo motor 73, the drive belt 75,
and the label application member pulley 74P. FIG. 7A shows the
label application member 74 oriented with its active side (a.k.a.
the label side opening 74-L) in a "down" orientation, such as would
be used in picking up a label. FIG. 7B shows the member 74 rotated
90.degree. in order to position it so that a label can be applied
to a vertical surface, such as the vertical surface of a package.
It should be understood that range of motion of the member 74 is
greater than 90.degree..
[0027] FIG. 8 is a graph showing the rotational velocity of various
elements of the invention over time. Particularly, the graph shows
the rotational velocity of the motor 61U over time, the rotational
velocity of the motor 61L over time, and the rotational velocity of
the label application assembly's servo motor 73 (two exemplary
situations are shown).
[0028] FIG. 9 is a schematic view illustrating the operable
connection and association between the control apparatus 120 (shown
678 358 1869 in one example as including a PLC) the motors 61U,
61L, and their associated servo amps 61U-S, 61L-S, the label
applicator drive motor 73, the label printer 100, and the breakaway
plate presence sensor 27. Also shown is a "Head in Nest" sensor
101, which is a sensor that recognizes when the label application
head assembly 70 is in its "nest" which is the used to indicate
that it is ready to receive labels. Also shown is a "Labels in
Stock" sensor 102, which is configured to provide a signal to the
PLC 120 that a certain pre-determined number of labels are left in
the printer. This can be used for planning purposes; in one
embodiment when the label printer 100 is out of labels, it sends a
signal to the PLC, but by this time the system has to be stopped.
Also shown in a "label at head" sensor 103, which allows the system
to know that the label applicator 74 has received a new label from
the printer. Also shown is a "Printer Position" sensor 104, which
provides an indication to the overall system that the printer is in
its operating position. This is to be distinguished from a service
position which may be used when the printer is being serviced or
provided with Label Stock. Also shown is a "Nest Plate" sensor 105,
which is a sensor operably associated with a plate that acts as a
last resort damage prevention device to prevent the label
application head assembly 70 from colliding with the printer or
other devices. This is to address an emergency condition that is
otherwise to be avoided, such as in the case of if the label
applicator has gone too far.
[0029] FIG. 10 is an illustrative view of the transverse cross
section of an upper arm main frame element 51U, as it is retained
for linear movement relative to a upper linear bearing assembly
36U. The upper linear bearing assembly 36U is attached to the
rotating outer turntable portion 34U. The upper cogged belt 53U is
also shown in transverse cross section. However it should be
understood that the upper cogged belt 53U could be on either side
of the upper arm main frame element 51U. Bearings as known in the
art exist but are not shown between the upper arm main frame
element 51U and the T-shaped spinelike portion of the upper linear
bearing assembly 36U. However it may readily be understood that
bearings may be provided therebetween, typically held by races
fixed to the member 36U, to allow for the bearings (not shown) to
roll on the member 51U and to facilitate linear movement of the
member 51U relative to the member 36U, along an axis substantially
normal to the sheet of paper bearing the drawing. Other linear
bearing configurations could be used without departing from the
spirit and scope of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0030] The present inventions now will be described more fully
hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. Indeed,
these inventions may be embodied in many different forms and should
not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein;
rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will
satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like numbers refer to like
elements throughout.
[0031] Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions
set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to
which these inventions pertain having the benefit of the teachings
presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated
drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the inventions are
not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that
modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included
within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms
are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive
sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
[0032] General Construction and Operation
[0033] The apparatus 10 according to the present invention is
configured to apply labels such as 5 (see FIGS. 7A and 7B) to
parcels 300 moving along a conveyor belt 200.
[0034] Referring generally to all the figures, the apparatus 10 of
the present invention includes a support frame 20, a pair of
turntable assemblies 30U, 30L, a corresponding pair of arm
assemblies 50U, 50L, similarly corresponding arm assembly drive
motors 61U, 61L, a label application head assembly 70, a label
printer/supplier 100, and a controlling apparatus 120.
[0035] The support frame 20 supports the pair of two turntable
assemblies 30U, 30L. Each of the turntable assemblies 30U, 30L
supports one of the arm assemblies 50U, 50L, such that each of the
arm assemblies 50U, 50L is pivotable about a horizontal axis. Each
of the arm assemblies is also movable along its longitudinal axis
relative to its respective turntable.
[0036] The lower ends of arm assemblies 50U, 50L are attached
together in a hinged connection. At one end of one of the arm
assemblies is attached a label application head assembly 70. This
attachment is a pivoting connection that allows for label
application to the horizontal or vertical surfaces of parcels
passing thereby.
[0037] The turntable assemblies 30U, 30L are not powered, but
instead are "idling" in that they allowed for a relatively free
pivoting connection of the arm assemblies 50U, 50L relative to the
stationary support frame. However, the linear movement of the arm
assemblies 50U, 50L along their longitudinal axis is powered by
corresponding arm assembly drive motors 61U, 61L. This linear
movement is independently controlled by a controlling apparatus
120, such that the label application head assembly can be
positioned at various desired locations above a conveyor belt or
other supporting surface.
[0038] More Detailed Discussion
[0039] More details are now discussed. The previous description of
the figures may be referenced in combination with this
discussion.
[0040] The Support Frame 20
[0041] Referring now to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5A-5B, the frame 20 of the
assembly 10 is configured to be substantially stationary and
configured to be located proximate beside of a conveyor 200.
[0042] The frame 20 is substantially stationary, including frame
members such as 21, but includes a portion that is pivotable
relative to the main portion of the frame 20. This portion is
designated as 22, and shall be referenced as a "breakaway support
plate 22". This breakaway support plate 22 is configured to support
both of the turntables 30U, 30L, as noted above.
[0043] As shown particularly in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and FIG. 6, the
breakaway support plate 22 is pivotably attached relative to the
main portion of the frame proximate pivot point PP. A tension
spring is located at 25 and configures to bias the breakaway
support plate 22 in its position such as shown in FIG. 5A. However,
it should be understood that the breakaway support plate 22 may
pivot from a position shown in FIG. 5A to a position shown in FIG.
5B.
[0044] Should an object (such as a parcel) contact the label
application head assembly 70, where the force is above a
pre-determined amount, the breakaway support plate 22 will
function. As may be understood, the breakaway support plate 22
"breaks away" from its home position shown in FIG. 5A by pivoting
about the pivot point PP; as the force pushes against the label
application head assembly 70, this force is transferred from the
label application head assembly 70 to both of the upper and lower
arm assemblies 50U, 50L. This force is further transferred to the
upper and lower turntable assemblies 30U, 30L. As the turntable
members 30U, 30L are rotatably yet otherwise rigidly attached to
the breakaway support plate 22, it may be understood that the force
on the label application head assembly 70 causes a moment which
causes the breakaway support plate 22 to "break away" to the
position shown in FIG. 5B, such that the label application head
assembly 70 can move relatively downstream along the conveyor path
and upwardly relative to the conveyor 200, thus reducing the risk
of damage thereto.
[0045] It should be understood that a sensor 27 (See FIG. 6) is
provided in operable association with the breakaway support plate
22, such that the overall apparatus 10 (including the system
controls) can control other related elements should the sensor
recognized that the breakaway support plate 22 has "broken away".
For example, the motors 61U, 61L, and the conveyor 200 being used
with the label applicator could be stopped until the obstruction is
cleared or the situation is suitably rectified.
[0046] FIG. 6 illustrates a presence sensor 27. It may also be
understood that a detent could also be used at that general
location in order to provide an initial breakaway force, if deemed
necessary. Under one configuration, no detent is used, and the
springs are adjusted so that 10 pounds are all that is necessary to
deflect the spring and cause the configuration to pivot from the
position shown in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5B.
[0047] The Upper and Lower Turntable Assemblies 30U, 30L
[0048] Referring now particularly to FIGS. 1, 5A and 5B, the upper
and lower turntable assemblies 30U, 30L are mounted relative to the
surface of the breakaway support plate 22. The turntable assemblies
each include stationary and rotating portions which are operably
connected by turntable bearings such as known in the art. Referring
now also to FIGS. 3, 4, and 6, the upper turntable assembly 30U
includes a stationary inner turntable portion 31U, bearings 32U,
and a rotating outer turntable portion 34U. The lower turntable
assembly 30L includes a stationary inner turntable portion 31L,
bearings 32L, and a rotating outer turntable portion 34L.
[0049] The stationary inner turntable portions 31UL, 31L,
respectively, are rigidly attached relative to the breakaway
support plate 22. The rotating outer turntable portions 34U, 34L,
are allowed to rotate about axes 32UA, 32LA, respectively, which
are substantially parallel, and are, in one preferred embodiment,
substantially horizontal, assuming the floor supporting the overall
system is likewise substantially horizontal. However, it should be
understood that this is one preferred embodiment only and should
not be construed as limiting.
[0050] There are two types of bearings in the turntable assemblies:
linear bearings and the actual rotational turntable bearings. It
may be understood that in one preferred embodiment, the inner and
the outer portions 31U, 34U, for example, include corresponding
bearing races which contain the turntable bearings 32U. However,
there are also linear bearings such as 37U, 37L, with elements 37U
shown in FIG. 6 and discussed later, which allow the arm assemblies
50U, 50L, to move linearly along their longitudinal axis relative
to the rotating outer turntable portions 34U, 34L,
respectively.
[0051] The upper and lower turntable assemblies 30U, 30L include
suitable bearings such as known in the art to provide suitable
operational and wear characteristics. In one preferred embodiment,
the turntable assemblies are free to rotate about their respective
rotational axes, 32UA, 32LA, that is, the bearings supporting them
relative to the frame member 21 of the frame 20 allows them to be
considered "idling", except that normal frictional drag will be
present.
[0052] As discussed in further detail later, the upper and lower
turntable assemblies 30U, 30L, support corresponding upper and
lower arm assemblies 50U, 50L, through the use of the rotating
outer turntable portions 34U, 34L, which support the upper and
lower arm assemblies while allowing them to move along linear paths
relative thereto.
[0053] For purposes of discussion, it may also be noted that the
upper turntable assembly 30U could be referenced as a "first"
turntable assembly. It similarly could also be noted that the lower
turntable assembly 30L could be referenced as a "second" turntable
assembly. Furthermore, the upper arm assembly 50U could be
referenced as a "first" arm assembly, and the lower arm assembly
50L could be referenced as a "second" arm assembly. Other elements
may also be referenced as being "first" or "second". However, these
terms are not to be construed as limiting but only to provide an
accurate and understandable description of the invention.
Furthermore, movement of a rotating turntable portion relative to
its associated stationary turntable portion shall be understood
generally as "turntable rotation".
[0054] The Arm Assemblies 50U, 50L
[0055] The respective interactions between the upper and lower
turntable assemblies 30U, 30L and their respective upper and lower
arm assemblies 50U, 50L are substantially similar, so for purposes
of explanation, the interaction between the upper arm assembly 50U
and the upper turntable assembly 30U will be discussed for purposes
of explanation.
[0056] Referring particularly to FIGS. 3 and 4, the upper arm
assembly 50U includes an upper arm main frame element 51U and also
includes an upper cogged belt 53U. This cogged belt 53U is not an
endless belt, but has upper and lower ends attached relative to the
upper and lower ends of the upper arm main frame element 51U,
respectively. As will be discussed in later detail, the cogged belt
53U is driven by a drive cog such that tension on the cogged belt
causes movement of the upper arm main frame element 51U (which is
part of the upper arm assembly 50U) along its linear path.
[0057] The main frame element 51U of the upper arm assembly 50U in
one embodiment includes a transverse cross section which could be
thought of as being "C"-shaped, as shown in FIG. 10.
[0058] FIG. 10 is an illustrative view of the transverse cross
section of an upper arm main frame element 51U, as it is retained
for linear movement relative to a upper linear bearing assembly
36U. The upper linear bearing assembly 36U is attached to the
rotating outer turntable portion 34U. The upper cogged belt 53U is
also shown in transverse cross section. However it should be
understood that the upper cogged belt 53U could be on either side
of the upper arm main frame element 51U. Bearings are not shown
between the upper arm main frame element 51U and the T-shaped
spinelike portion of the upper linear bearing assembly 36U. However
it may readily be understood that bearings may be provided
therebetween, typically held by races fixed to the member 36U, to
allow for the bearings (not shown) to roll on the member 51U and to
facilitate linear movement of the member 51U relative to the member
36U, along an axis substantially normal to the sheet of paper
bearing the drawing.
[0059] Stated somewhat differently, this C-shaped transverse cross
section of the main frame element 51U provides a longitudinal
channel within which as noted above can be provided bearings as
known in the art to facilitate the longitudinal movement of the
main frame element 51U of the upper arm assembly 50U along its
relatively linear path relative to the rotating outer turntable
portion 34U. Such linear bearing configurations are as known in the
art and one of any several linear bearing configurations may be
used without departing from the present invention.
[0060] Under one embodiment of the invention, an elongate enclosure
(not shown) may be provided along either of the arm frame elements.
This elongate enclosure can provide protection for control wires,
tubes, etc. which extend to the various elements of the apparatus
10 (See FIG. 1) including the label application head assembly 70
(See FIG. 2).
[0061] Upper and Lower Arm Assembly Drive Assemblies 60U, 60L
[0062] The upper and lower arm assembly drive assemblies 60U, 60L,
are configured to move the upper and lower arm assemblies 50U, 50L,
respectively, along their linear paths relative to the rotating
outer turntable portions 34U, 34L, respectively. As noted elsewhere
in this application, suitable linear bearings are provided as known
in the art to facilitate this linear path movement.
[0063] Since the upper and lower arm assembly drive assemblies 60U,
60L are similar in configuration, assembly 60U will be explained by
way of example.
[0064] Referring now to FIG. 3, upper arm assembly drive assembly
60U includes an upper motor 61U and an upper gearbox assembly 62U.
Referring now also to FIG. 4, the gearbox assembly 62U includes an
upper drive cog 64U and upper idler gears 65U. The upper motor 61U
drives the gearbox assembly 62U by driving the drive cog 64U such
that the upper drive cog 64U drives the upper cogged belt 53U as
discussed earlier.
[0065] The upper motor 61U is mounted by a suitable mounting
configuration (in one configuration an unshown angled bracket is
used) so that it is rigidly mounted relative to the rotating outer
turntable portion 34U. This motor 61U can be used on its own or can
be used with an appropriate reduction box as needed to provide an
outlet shaft torque and speed.
[0066] The gearbox assembly 62U (see FIG. 3) has a frame rigidly
attached relative to the rotating outer turntable portion 34U. The
gearbox assembly 62U is driven by the upper motor 61U, such that
the upper drive cog 64U is rotatably driven. In actuality there is
reduction in the gearbox assembly 62U; the upper drive cog is
driven at a 1:4 ratio relative to the motor or motor/reduction
assembly driving it. The gearbox assembly also includes two upper
idler gears 65U (see FIG. 4) which are rotatably mounted relative
to the frame of the gearbox assembly 62U, and provide guide means
for the cogged belt.
[0067] As may be understood by reference to FIG. 4, the cogged belt
53U, which is not continuous but has discrete ends, has a middle
portion threading through the assembly gearbox assembly 62U. The
ends of the cogged belt 53U are fixed to the upper arm frame
element 51U. The cogged belt 53U passes along a first of the two
idler gears, then substantially around the upper drive cog 64U, and
then passes along the second of the two idler gears. As may be
understood, as the upper drive cog 64U drives the belt, it runs
relatively along the length of the belt.
[0068] Therefore, it may be seen that the motor 61U drives the
gearbox assembly 62U which has an output shaft (not shown), which
drives the drive cog 64U. This drive cog 64U drives the cogged belt
53U.
[0069] It should be understood that the motor 61U could be braked
as needed by a suitable brake known in the art, to provide a
stopping control feature. Furthermore, an encoder mechanism is
attached relative to the motor, such that feedback can be derived
from the motor, effectively providing a servo-controlled motor.
Generally speaking, there should be a control that outputs position
of the motor.
[0070] In one embodiment, the motors 61U, 61L, are
servo-controlled, similar and of fractional horsepower,
approximately 1/2 horse power, and is configured to in one
embodiment drive the one inch diameter cog sprocket about 1800
rpm.
[0071] In configuration, the force transferred to the belt was
approximately 50 pounds, to get the acceleration required, although
other configurations are contemplated under the present
invention.
[0072] In one embodiment shown, the motors include an attached to a
reducing assembly, which in one embodiment is a four-to-one
reduction ratio.
[0073] Therefore it may be seen that the upper and lower arm
assembly drive motors 61U, 61L, drive corresponding drive cogs
(such as 64U) such that rotation of the shafts of the drive motors
causes linear movement of the corresponding arm assemblies 50U, 50L
along their longitudinal axis relative to rotating support tables
34U, 34L of the turntable assemblies 30U, 30L. The control of the
rotation of these drive motors is provided by a control apparatus
120 such as a PLC discussed elsewhere in this application.
[0074] The upper and lower arm assembly drive motors 61U, 61L, have
bases mounted relative to the rotating support tables 34U, 34L,
respectively, of the upper and lower turntable assemblies 30U, 30L,
respectively. However, the drive motors 61U, 61L, have
corresponding drive shafts which support and drive the respective
drive cogs 64U, 64L. Therefore it may be seen that the drive cogs
64U, 64L are rotatably driven about an axis that is stationary
relative to the respective rotating support tables 34U, 34L, but
these axes move around relative to the stationary frame 20.
[0075] It should also be understood that the rotating outer
turntable portions 34U, 34L, respectively, of the upper turntable
assemblies 30U, 30L respectively, are essentially in an "idle" mode
relative to the supporting frame member 20. Although an arm
assembly may move along its longitudinal axis relative to its
corresponding rotating support table, the longitudinal axis will
not always remain in the same orientation; it will be moved if the
rotating support table rotates about its rotational axis.
[0076] As discussed above, the turntable assemblies 30U, 30L
support the arm assemblies 50U, 50L at one location along the
length of the arm main frame elements (51U, 51L). However, as shown
in FIG. 1, the lower ends of the upper and lower upper arm
assemblies 50U, 50L are pivotably attached at a pivot location "P",
said pivot location being not at the end but proximate the end of
the lower arm assembly 50L, said pivoting connection being
substantially horizontal and along an axis parallel to the conveyor
direction. This pivot axis is perpendicular to the paper of FIG.
1.
[0077] Label Application Head Assembly 70
[0078] Referring now also to FIG. 2, the label application head
assembly 70 is rigidly attached relative to the lower end of the
lower arm assembly 50L. The label application head assembly 70
includes the following elements: frame 71, servo motor 73, label
application member 74, applicator position endless drive belt 75,
home position indicator (laser) 79, and various control wires
78.
[0079] The frame 71 of the label applicator assembly 70 is rigidly
affixed relative to the lower end of the lower arm main frame
element 51L. This frame 71 is configured to support the servo motor
73, label application member 74, applicator position endless drive
belt 75, home position indicator (laser) 79, and various control
wires 78, as noted below.
[0080] The servo motor 73 has its base rigidly mounted relative to
the frame 71 of the label applicator assembly 70. The servo motor
73 rotatably drives a drive pulley 73P about an axis 73A.
[0081] The label application member 74 is pivotably mounted
relative to the frame 71 of the label applicator assembly 70 about
an axis 74A. This pivoting relationship, along with the use of
suitable servo control, allows for the label application member 74
to be pivoted to a known position relative to the application head
assembly 70 and relative to the remainder of the apparatus 10, as
needed, in order to attach labels both to vertical surfaces and to
horizontal (typically top) surfaces, such as shown generally in
FIGS. 1 and 7A/7B.
[0082] The endless drive belt 75 is attached both to the drive
pulley 73P of the servo motor 73, and the driven pulley 74P of the
label applicator 74. As may be understood, by operation of the
servo motor 73, the angular position of the label applicator 74 can
be adjusted as desired. In one embodiment, the range of the label
applicator is approximately 155.degree. relative to the conveyor
surface. Control of the servo motor 73 is via control wires 78 such
as known in the art.
[0083] Reference is made to FIGS. 7A and 7B to show the pivoting
movement of the label application member 74. The function of the
label application member 74 is to selectively retain a label on its
discharge side (directed down in FIG. 7A and directed to the right
in FIG. 7B), and selectively to discharge the label onto a package
or other suitable surface proximate the discharge side of the label
application member 74.
[0084] The label application head is substantially as known in the
art, and provides a function of "picking up" holding a label
thereon, and "blowing" the label a distance to a receiving surface,
such as a surface of a package.
[0085] Although the label application member 74 is pivotably
attached relative to the frame 71 by bearings such as known in the
art, it is supplied with both air and electrical controls which are
not all shown for purposes of clarity in illustration. As may be
understood, the label applicator requires both air and electricity.
Air (at a relatively low vacuum pressure provided by a fan) is used
for holding the label on label side opening 74-L as needed, and a
"blast" of air (from a high pressure source) is used in order to
project the label from the grated label side opening 74-L onto an
adjacent surface (such as a parcel).
[0086] The label application member includes an air passageway
through it from fan side opening 74-F to label side opening 74-L.
The suction is provided by a fan proximate fan side opening 74-F,
which draws air into the label side opening 74-L to hold the labels
thereon.
[0087] The blast of air is provided by positive pressure from a
pressurized air line out of the label side opening 74-L shown in
FIGS. 7A and 7B. The label application member 74 requires
electricity and compressed air. In one preferred embodiment, an
electric fan is for providing suction only. A separate positive air
pressure (in one embodiment 80 pounds per square inch) is
configured for blowing only.
[0088] The label applicator assembly 70 as noted above also
includes a home position indicator, which in one embodiment is a
laser beam 79B provided by a laser generating member 79. This laser
beam is projected onto a stationary location such as the target T
shown in FIG. 2. This allows for the machine operator to initially
"zero" the label application head as desired, and also allows for
periodic checking of the zero position as desired.
[0089] It should be understood that other location indicators could
be used as known in the art in place of the laser-generating member
79, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present
invention.
[0090] It may be understood that the laser-targeting device may be
used as desired, and may not be used if not deemed necessary for
preferred function.
[0091] The label generator carries several sensors on it that tells
when the head 74 is back at the current position to pick up a new
label. It also tells the operator/controller when the printer is in
the correct position. It also has a service position when the paper
is changed. A "label low indicator" is also provided which sends a
signal back to the PLC.
[0092] The blow nozzles point one way, and the suction fan is
blowing the other way. The suction fan is configured to suck the
label onto the head of the label application member, and the blow
nozzles send the label to its final destination.
[0093] In one configuration, the label is blown from 3 to 8 inches
to its destination on a box surface. Although other configurations
are contemplated, one configuration includes the use of 80 pounds
per square inch for about 30 milliseconds.
[0094] The suction fan is configured in one embodiment to provide
enough force to hold approximately three times the weight of the
label, in order to maintain the label on the application head, even
if the application head moves with approximately a three "G"
force.
[0095] It should be understood that the labels can be blown onto
vertical, horizontal, or even inclined surfaces. The rotation
capability of the label application head assembly should be
understood to provide such a capability.
[0096] Label Printer/Supplier 100
[0097] The label printer and supplier 100 is such as known in the
art, and could include a blowing feature, to push the label onto
the label application head, just to get it seated until the label
applicator holds the label on its own.
[0098] A label printer/supplier is provided at 100. This element
100 can be an off-the-shelf item such as can be the conveyor. It
should be noted that the distance between the label applicator
assembly 70 when receiving a label from the label printer/supplier
100 tends to be more critical than the distance between the label
applicator assembly 70 and a parcel side.
[0099] Control Apparatus 120
[0100] It should be understood that the configuration under the
present invention is usable with a PLC (programmable logic
controller), as opposed to more complex and expensive equipment,
which reduces the cost.
[0101] FIG. 9 is a schematic view illustrating the operable
connection and association between the control apparatus 120 (shown
in one example as including a PLC) the motors 61U, 61L, and their
associated servo amps 61U-S, 61L-S, the label applicator drive
motor 73, the label printer 100, and the breakaway plate presence
sensor 27. The servo amps 61U-S, 61L-S provide the necessary
function between the control apparatus and the motors as known in
the art. Also shown is a "Head in Nest" sensor 101, which is a
sensor that recognizes when the label application head assembly 70
is in its "nest" which is the used to indicate that it is ready to
receive labels. Also shown is a "Labels in Stock" sensor 102, which
is configured to provide a signal to the PLC 120 that a certain
pre-determined number of labels are left in the printer. This can
be used for planning purposes; in one embodiment when the label
printer 100 is out of labels, it sends a signal to the PLC, but by
this time the system has to be stopped.
[0102] Also shown in FIG. 9 is a "label at head" sensor 103, which
allows the system to know that the label applicator has transferred
a label from the printer to the label applicator. Also shown is a
"Printer Position" sensor 104, which provides an indication to the
overall system that the printer is in its operating position. This
is to be distinguished from a service position which may be used
when the printer is being serviced or provided with Label stock.
Also shown is a "Nest Plate" sensor 105, which is a sensor operably
associated with a plate that acts as a last resort damage
prevention device to prevent the label application head assembly 70
from colliding with the printer or other devices. This is to
address an emergency condition to be avoided, such as if the label
applicator has gone too far.
[0103] The connection with the label generator is through an
Ethernet connection in one preferred embodiment. The other
connections can be as known in the art.
[0104] The label generator also communicates the data to be printed
on the label from the camera process through the PLC and then out
to the label generator. Thus there is a communication link or a
line between the PLC that controls the robot functions and the
servos and the print generator device and the camera, if the camera
is in the system.
[0105] Interaction with Other Apparatuses
[0106] It should be understood that the present invention is
contemplated for use with conventional cameras and supply
conveyors. For example, a camera can be used in association with
the system in order to provide information to the system 10
sufficient to provide information regarding the position of the
packages for receipt of the labels.
[0107] Method of Operation of the Apparatus
[0108] Generally described, the position of the label applicator
assembly 70 of the apparatus 10 is controlled by controlling the
upper and lower arm assembly servo drive motors 61U, 61L, and the
servo motor 73 of the label applicator assembly 70 itself.
[0109] Under one embodiment of the invention, the apparatus is
controlled in a "point-to-point" manner, that is, the machine is
controlled to a degree sufficient to get the label applicator
assembly 70 from one point to another and the particular path used
is not seen as of primary concern. This is opposed to a "known
path" technique, which sends the label applicator assembly 70 along
a known path.
[0110] In one embodiment, the desired position is done by
determining an "R" and a "Theta" of one of the arm assemblies, in
one embodiment, the lower arm assembly 50L. This may be thought of
as using polar equations. Attention is first given to the R and
Theta of the lower arm assembly, and then the resulting R and Theta
of the upper arm assembly is calculated by trigonometry. When these
values have been calculated, the motors 61U, 61L are energized to
move the label applicator assembly 70 as desired. The servo motor
73 of the label applicator assembly 70 itself is likewise
controlled as needed by the use of trigonometric calculations.
[0111] Said another way, under one embodiment of the present
invention, the system uses polar coordinates; in other words, the
relative angular position, and the longitudinal movement of the
arms are noted. The relative angular position of the label
application head is also noted.
[0112] The invention under one embodiment also includes the use of
what could be described as "equal timing accelerations" where both
motors start at the same time, end at the same time, but they also
accelerate for the same period of time. So, half of the move is
acceleration (the first half), and the second half of the move is
deceleration. This has been found to provide a smoother less
"jerky" movement.
[0113] This could be understood as following a graph as shown in
FIG. 8, which is a graph showing the rotational velocity of various
elements of the invention over time. Particularly, the graph shows
the rotational velocity of the motor 61U over time, the rotational
velocity of the motor 61U over time, and the rotational velocity of
the label application assembly's servo motor 73. In one operating
embodiment, the two motors accelerate simultaneously and for the
same period of time, reach their peak velocity at the same time at
t.sub.1, and then start decelerating to stop at the same time, at
time t.sub.2. The label application motor may operate differently
depending on the amount of rotation needed.
[0114] As may be seen, the "motor" triangles are overlapping in
time, but not necessarily overlapping in magnitude.
[0115] In order to minimize interference between the label
application head 74 and the parcels, the present invention
contemplates spending the least amount of time in the field of
operation (where the parcel are going by). Instead of "hovering"
over the packages as they come by, the label application head 74 is
moved out of its home position in as much of a "single motion" as
possible, with the arms going out while the head is rotating.
Preferably, the label application head is in its desired position
before the time the arms have stopped.
[0116] In one preferred embodiment, the rotation of the label
application head 74 is synchronized to start at the same time as do
the servo motors. The rotational head is calculated to finish its
move in what could be considered the "minimum arm motion"--which
means it is not synchronized to end at the same point, necessarily,
but is timed to finish its shortest move in time to get the label
at its desired position, which is the position at which the label
will be dispensed.
[0117] The position is the "shortest move", with the shortest arm
move being if the box were right up against the side of the bed.
The head is set to rotate at a fixed velocity acceleration move
every time, such that it's ready at its desired dispensing position
when it enters the "action zone", regardless of whether it's going
to be dispensed right at the edge of the action zone, or on the
other side of it.
[0118] If the major arms do their move, they are preferably
synchronized, in order to provide a smooth motion. The label
application head assembly rotation is not timed to end at the same
time the motors stop their movement (see FIG. 8), but it is
configured in one embodiment to move at a set acceleration
independent of the length of the long arm moves. Essentially, it
accelerates a constant acceleration every time. Whether it has to
move 5 degrees or 105 degrees, it is preferably going to have the
same acceleration, regardless.
[0119] It may be understood that other control configurations may
be provided under the present invention.
[0120] Under the present invention, the "point-to-point" nature of
the device makes it simpler, and it was capable of doing
calculations in the PLC within the 10 milliseconds that were
provided, which is in one preferred embodiment the PLC update rate.
So, this can be done with a PLC, rather than a motion controller,
which saves significant expenses.
[0121] It may be understood that if one (e.g., the first) of the
elongate arm assemblies is moved a linear distance relative to its
respective turntable assembly, but the other (e.g., the second)
elongate arm assembly is not moved relative to its respective
turntable assembly, during this movement both of the turntable
assemblies will rotate. This rotation may be in the same direction
or in opposite directions.
[0122] Various Axes, Planes, Distances, and Orientations
[0123] The axes 32UA, 32LA, could be thought of as first and second
"turntable axes", or second and first "turntable axes", as the case
may be.
[0124] It may be understood that the pivoting connection between
the two arms at P in FIG. 1 could be thought of as lying along an
"arm pivoting connection axis". It may also be understood that this
"arm pivoting connection axis" is substantially parallel to the
turntable axes.
[0125] It may be understood that the conveying surface supporting
the exemplary parcels 300 in one embodiment is substantially
horizontal and upwardly facing, although other orientations are
contemplated under the present invention. If may also be understood
that this conveying surface could be thought of as lying in a
"conveying plane" which in one embodiment could be considered a
"horizontal conveying plane".
[0126] It may be said that a turntable or other axis can be "spaced
a distance from the closest point of the conveying plane". For
example, the upper turntable axis 32UA is spaced a certain distance
above the conveyor surface, this distance being slightly higher
than the distance the lower turntable axis is from the conveying
surface. Words like "first turntable axis" and "second turntable
axis" may be used under allowed practice to differentiate between
two turntable axes without necessary identifying which of the upper
or lower turntable axes correspond to the first or the second
turntable axes.
[0127] The distance between the label application head member 74
and the label printer 100 is preferably about {fraction (1/4)}
inch, in that the label travels about {fraction (1/4)} inch when
being transferred from the printer to the label applicator. It has
been found to be fairly critical that the positioning of the label
on the label applicator is as close as possible and the inventors
have found that a {fraction (1/16)}-inch tolerance for this
position is preferable. If the label is too much to one side, the
travel after it is blown can disadvantageously include a
"tumble".
[0128] The label travels approximately 3 to 8 inches to the parcel
surfaces when being blown from the label application head assembly
70.
[0129] Alternatives and Options
[0130] It should be understood that the present invention
contemplates the provision of labels on items other than square or
rectangular boxes, with the pivoting action available, boxes or
other items may be labeled on angular surfaces such as might be
encountered on a box having a triangular peripheral cross
section.
[0131] It should also be understood that the apparatus and method
according to the present invention could be used to apply not only
relatively thin adhesive labels, including but not limited those
including two-dimensional codes such as Barcode or Maxicode, but
could also be used to apply thicker labels, including RFID labels.
The invention could also be used as a scanner by using a scanner on
the head, and manipulating the scanner as desired to pick up bar or
other codes at various locations.
CONCLUSION
[0132] The resulting apparatus, having a three-point "fixing"
feature (one each at the turntables and the third at the arm pivot
connection) has been found to be significantly stable for its
weight. This is advantageous from both a speed and cost standpoint.
Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions set
forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which
these inventions pertain having the benefit of the teachings
presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated
drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the inventions are
not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that
modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included
within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms
are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive
sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
ELEMENT LIST
[0133] 5 Labels
[0134] 10 Apparatus
[0135] 20 Support Frame
[0136] 21 Frame Members (typ)
[0137] 22 Breakaway Support Plate
[0138] 25 Tension Spring
[0139] 27 Presence Sensor
[0140] 30U Upper Turntable Assembly
[0141] 31U Stationary Inner Turntable Portion
[0142] 32U Turntable Bearings
[0143] 34U Rotating Outer Turntable Portion (of Upper Turntable
Assembly 30U)
[0144] 30L Lower Turntable Assembly
[0145] 31L Stationary Inner Turntable Portion
[0146] 32L Turntable Bearings
[0147] 34L Rotating Outer Turntable Portion (of Lower Turntable
Assembly 30L)
[0148] 36U Upper Arm Linear Bearing Assembly
[0149] 37U Linear Bearings
[0150] 36L Lower Arm Linear Bearing Assembly
[0151] 37L Linear Bearings
[0152] 50U Upper Arm Assembly
[0153] 51U Upper Arm Main Frame Element
[0154] 53U Upper cogged Belt
[0155] 50L Lower Arm Assembly
[0156] 51L Lower Arm Main Frame Element
[0157] 53L Cogged Belt
[0158] 60U Upper Arm Assembly Drive Assembly
[0159] 61U Upper Motor
[0160] 62U Upper Gearbox Assembly
[0161] 64U Upper Drive Cog
[0162] 65U Upper Idler Gears
[0163] 60L Lower Arm Assembly Drive Assembly
[0164] 61L Lower Motor
[0165] 62L Lower Gearbox Assembly
[0166] 64L Lower Drive Cog
[0167] 65L Lower Idler Gears
[0168] 70 Label Application Head Assembly
[0169] 71 Frame
[0170] 73 Servo Motor
[0171] 73P Drive Pulley
[0172] 73A Axis
[0173] 74 Label Application Member
[0174] 74-F Fan Side Opening
[0175] 74-L Label Side Opening
[0176] 74P Driven Pulley
[0177] 74A Axis
[0178] 75 Drive Belt
[0179] 78 Control Wires (typ)
[0180] 79 Laser
[0181] 79B Laser Beam
[0182] 100 Label Printer/Supplier
[0183] 101 "Head in Nest" Sensor
[0184] 102 "Labels in Stock" Sensor
[0185] 103 "Label at Head" Sensor
[0186] 104 "Printer Position" Sensor
[0187] 105 Head Overtravel Sensor
[0188] 120 Control Apparatus
[0189] 200 Conveyor
[0190] 300 Parcels (or other items)
* * * * *