U.S. patent application number 11/128223 was filed with the patent office on 2005-11-17 for hydrogen peroxide-based skin disinfectant.
Invention is credited to Omidbakhsh, Navid, Omidbakhsh, Navid.
Application Number | 20050255172 11/128223 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 35393899 |
Filed Date | 2005-11-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050255172 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Omidbakhsh, Navid |
November 17, 2005 |
Hydrogen peroxide-based skin disinfectant
Abstract
A skin disinfectant in ready-to-use concentrated liquid or dry
powdered form. Ready-to-use liquid forms have a pH of from about 2
to about 6 and include: (a) hydrogen peroxide in a concentration of
from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w of the solution; (b) at least one
surfactant chosen from imidazoline derivatives, alkyl betaines,
alkyl amidopropyl betaine amides, alkyl amidopropyl betaines,
alkylsulfo betaines, amine oxides and derivatives thereof in a
concentration of from about 0.01 to about 15% w/w of the solution;
(c) at least one hydrogen peroxide stabilizer in a concentration of
from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w of the solution; (d) at least one
member chosen from cyclic carboxylic acids and salts thereof in a
concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w of the solution;
and (e) at least one skin conditioning agent in a concentration of
from about 0.01 to about 10% w/w of the solution.
Inventors: |
Omidbakhsh, Navid; (Ontario,
CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
CLARK & BRODY
1090 VERMONT AVENUE, NW
SUITE 250
WASHINGTON
DC
20005
US
|
Family ID: |
35393899 |
Appl. No.: |
11/128223 |
Filed: |
May 13, 2005 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60570807 |
May 14, 2004 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
424/616 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 8/4946 20130101;
A61K 47/38 20130101; Y02A 50/30 20180101; A61K 8/442 20130101; A61K
8/4973 20130101; A61K 47/10 20130101; A61K 8/55 20130101; A61K 8/22
20130101; A61K 33/40 20130101; A01N 59/00 20130101; A61Q 17/005
20130101; Y02A 50/473 20180101; A61K 8/368 20130101; A61K 8/44
20130101; A01N 59/00 20130101; A01N 25/30 20130101; A01N 25/22
20130101; A01N 43/08 20130101; A01N 37/40 20130101; A01N 37/10
20130101; A01N 59/00 20130101; A01N 25/30 20130101; A01N 25/22
20130101; A01N 37/40 20130101; A01N 43/08 20130101; A01N 59/00
20130101; A01N 2300/00 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
424/616 |
International
Class: |
A61K 033/40 |
Claims
1. An aqueous skin disinfecting solution having a pH of from about
2 to about 6 and comprising: (a) hydrogen peroxide in a
concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w of the solution;
(b) at least one surfactant chosen from imidazoline derivatives,
alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaine amides, alkyl amidopropyl
betaines, alkylsulfo betaines, amine oxides and derivatives thereof
in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 15% w/w of the
solution; (c) at least one hydrogen peroxide stabilizer in a
concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w of the solution;
(d) at least one member chosen from cyclic carboxylic acids and
salts thereof in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w
of the solution; and (e) at least one skin conditioning agent in a
concentration of from about 0.01 to about 10% w/w of the
solution.
2. The solution of claim 1, wherein the imidazoline derivatives are
chosen from alkylamphocarboxylates and alkyliminocarboxylates.
3. The solution of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen peroxide
stabilizer is chosen from phosphoric acid, phosphonic acids having
1 to 5 phosphonic acid groups, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
(EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA),
N-(hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediami- netriacetic acid (HEDTA),
nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), 2-hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid
(HEIDA), benzoic acid, aminobenzoic acid, citric acid,
iminodisuccinic acid, polyaspartic acid, and salts thereof.
4. The solution of claim 3, wherein the hydrogen peroxide
stabilizer is chosen from sodium tripolyphosphate,
1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1,-diphosphoni- c acid, amino tri(methylene
phosphonic acid), diethylenetriaminepenta(meth- ylene phosphonic
acid), 2-hydroxy ethylimino bis(methylene phosphonic acid), and
ethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid).
5. The solution of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic acid is chosen
from furan carboxylic acid, benzoic acid and salicylic acid.
6. The solution of claim 5, comprising 2-furan carboxylic acid.
7. The solution of claim 1, wherein the skin conditioning agent is
chosen from glycerides, sorbitol, castor oil, allantoin, cationic
polymers, lanolin and its derivatives and cetyl alcohol.
8. The solution of claim 1, comprising at least one buffer in a
concentration of from about 0.01 to about 5% w/w of the
solution.
9. The solution of claim 8, wherein the buffer is chosen from
citric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, phosphoric acid, malic
acid, succinic acid and tartaric acid.
10. The solution of claim 1, comprising at least one hydrogen
peroxide compatible surfactant in a concentration of from about
0.01 to about 10% w/w of the solution.
11. The solution of claim 1, comprising at least one C1 to C8
alcohol chosen from benzyl alcohol, ethanol, n-butanol,
isopropanol, glycols in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about
10% w/w of solution.
12. The solution of claim 1, comprising at least one thickening
agent compatible with hydrogen peroxide in a concentration of from
about 0.01 to about 5% w/w of the solution.
13. The solution of claim 12, wherein the thickening agent is
chosen from polyacrylic acid polymers, polysaccharides, and
cellulose based polymers.
14. The solution of claim 1, comprising at least one member chosen
from dyes and fragrances in a concentration of from about 0.001 to
about 0.5% w/w of the solution.
15. The solution of claim 1, wherein the pH is from about 2.5 to
about 5.
16. The solution of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is
present in a concentration of from about 0.25 to about 3% w/w of
the solution.
17. The solution of claim 1, further comprising at least one member
chosen from monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, and
mixtures thereof in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 3%
w/w of the solution.
18. An aqueous skin disinfecting solution having a pH of from about
2.5 to about 5 and comprising: (a) hydrogen peroxide in a
concentration of from about 1 to about 3% w/w of the solution; (b)
at least one surfactant chosen from alkyl betaines, alkyl
amidopropyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaine amides, alkylsulfo
betaines, alkyl amphocarboxylates, alkyliminocarboxylates, amine
oxides and derivatives thereof in a concentration of from about 1
to about 5% w/w of the solution; (c) at least one hydrogen peroxide
stabilizer in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 2% w/w of
the solution; (d) at least one member chosen from cyclic carboxylic
acids and salts thereof in a concentration of from about 0.05 to
about 1 % w/w of the solution; and (e) at least one skin
conditioning agent in a concentration of from about 0.5 to about 4%
w/w of the solution.
19. A concentrated skin disinfectant solution, which can be diluted
with water to form the solution of claim 1.
20. A dry powdered formulation, which can be dissolved in water to
form the solution of claim 1.
Description
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional
application No. 60/570,807, filed May 14, 2004 under 35 U.S.C. 119
(e).
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to disinfecting solutions or
formulations for use on skin containing hydrogen peroxide.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Infection control is a major concern for health care
professionals. Viruses and bacteria on contaminated hands are
easily spread among people in health care facilities such as
hospitals. Of course, the risk of infection is also present in
public places other than hospitals, such as in gyms, washrooms,
restaurants, and schools.
[0004] Washing hands with detergents or soaps is a way to reduce
the risk of infection. However, in certain environments, such as
hospitals, the level of disinfection required cannot be achieved by
most common products. Consequently, hand disinfectants have been
developed to achieve higher levels of disinfection where the need
exists. These types of products generally contain alcohols,
iodinesaodophors, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), phenolic
compounds, quaternary ammonium compounds or combinations
thereof.
[0005] A problem with existing products is that they often
sacrifice disinfectant activity for the sake of skin mildness or
vice versa. For example, while raising the concentration of the
active ingredient may lead to a higher level of disinfection, such
higher concentration frequently leads to increased skin
irritation.
[0006] As well, many common disinfecting ingredients have inherent
disadvantages. For example, while alcohols are effective in
providing rapid rates of disinfection, they are flammable and
therefore give rise to safety risks in use and storage. As
defatting agents, they can cause dry, chapped or cracked skin on
repeated use. Furthermore, their anti-microbial activity is
dependent on concentration and tends to drop dramatically when used
on wet hands resulting in insufficient germ kill. To overcome some
of these disadvantages, it is known to include additional
ingredients such as emollients, humectants, and surfactants. For
example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,617,294 to Narula et al. issued Sep. 9,
2003 discloses a waterless disinfecting hand cleanser made of a
combination of 60 to 90% w/w of an alcohol, silicone based
materials, and humectants.
[0007] Parachlorometaxylenol (PCMX) and triclosan are common
phenolic compounds used in antiseptic hand wash solutions. See, for
example, European patent 505,935 B1, assigned to Becton, Dickinson
and Company and granted on Feb. 4, 1998, which discloses an
anti-microbial skin formulation containing PCMX, a block copolymer,
and a lauryl sulfosuccinate. Although PCMX and triclosan have lower
toxicity than other phenols, and are rather mild to the skin, their
germicidal activity is low and depends on the formulation
ingredients.
[0008] Iodine and iodophors have been used in antiseptic hand wash
formulations for a long time. Their germicidal activities are low
and reduced in the presence of organic matter. Furthermore, these
ingredients are toxic and can irritate and stain skin.
[0009] Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is used as a skin cleanser,
pre-surgical scrub, germicidal hand rinse, and wound cleaner. It is
less effective against gram-negative bacteria as compared to
gram-positive bacteria and exhibits relatively low germicidal
activity.
[0010] Hydrogen peroxide is a broad-spectrum germicide effective
against bacteria, yeast, fungi, viruses and spores. It is non-toxic
and its breakdown products, oxygen and water, are innocuous thus
making it safe to the environment. At low concentrations (e.g. 3%
w/w), it is non-irritating to skin, but exhibits low germicidal
activity. For example, a solution containing 3% w/w hydrogen
peroxide takes 20 minutes to achieve a greater than 6 log reduction
in Staphylococcus aureus, which is too long for many applications.
Increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide will increase the
rate of disinfection. For example, a 25% w/w aqueous solution of
hydrogen peroxide requires only 20 seconds to achieve a greater
than 6 log reduction in Staphylococcus aureus. However, the
solution is corrosive at this concentration and requires special
handling procedures.
[0011] While skin disinfecting formulations exist, there is still a
need for new formulations that are both safe and capable of
achieving an effective rate of disinfection at realistic contact
times. The present invention is intended to meet this need.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0012] The invention provides, in accordance with a first aspect,
an aqueous skin disinfecting solution having a pH of from about 2
to about 6, about 2.5 to about 5, or about 3 to about 5, and
comprising:
[0013] (a) hydrogen peroxide in a concentration of from about 0.01
to about 4% w/w, from about 0.25 to about 3% w/w, or from about 1
to about 3% w/w, of the solution;
[0014] (b) at least one surfactant chosen from imidazoline
derivatives, alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaines, alkyl
amidopropyl betaine amides, alkylsulfobetaines, amine oxides, and
derivatives thereof, in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about
15% w/w, from about 0.3 to about 10% w/w, or from about 1 to 5%
w/w, of the solution;
[0015] (c) at least one hydrogen peroxide stabilizer in a
concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4 % w/w, from about 0.01
to about 3% w/w, from about 0.01 to about 2% w/w, or from about 0.1
to 0.5% w/w, of the solution;
[0016] (d) at least one member chosen from cyclic carboxylic acids
and salts thereof in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4%
w/w, or from about 0.05 to about 1% w/w, of the solution;
[0017] (e) at least one skin conditioning agent in a concentration
of from about 0.01 to about 10% w/w, or from about 0.5 to about 4%
w/w, of the solution.
[0018] Preferred imidazoline derivatives are alkylamphocarboxylates
and alkyliminocarboxylates.
[0019] The hydrogen peroxide stabilizer can be chosen from
phosphoric acid, phosphonic acids having 1 to 5 phosphonic acid
groups, e.g. 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1,-diphosphonic acid, amino
tri(methylene phosphonic acid), diethylenetriaminepenta(methylene
phosphonic acid), 2-hydroxy ethylimino bis(methylene phosphonic
acid), and ethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid). They
can also be chosen from sodium tripolyphosphate,
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA),
diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA),
N-(hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediami- netriacetic acid (HEDTA),
nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), 2-hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid
(HEIDA), benzoic acid, aminobenzoic acid, citric acid,
iminodisuccinic acid, polyaspartic acid, and salts thereof.
[0020] The cyclic carboxylic acid can be chosen from furan
carboxylic acid (e.g. 2-furan carboxylic acid), benzoic acid and
salicylic acid.
[0021] The skin-conditioning agent can be chosen from glycerides,
sorbitol, castor oil, allantoin, cationic polymers, lanolin and its
derivatives and cetyl alcohol.
[0022] The solution can further comprise at least one buffer, in a
concentration of from about 0.01 to about 5% w/w of the solution,
chosen from citric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, phosphoric
acid, malic acid, succinic acid and tartaric acid.
[0023] In other embodiments, the solution can comprise at least one
optional hydrogen peroxide compatible surfactant in a concentration
of from about 0.01 to about 10% w/w of the solution. Exemplary
hydrogen peroxide compatible surfactants are alkyl sulfate, alkyl
ether sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfonic acids, alkyl sulfonic acids,
alkyl diphenyl oxide sulfonic acids, naphthalene sulfonic acids,
alkyl or alkenyl esters or diesters of sulfosuccinic acids, and
salts thereof, alcohol ethoxylates, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, fatty
acid esters, and alkylpolyglucosides.
[0024] As well, the solution can comprise at least one C1 to C8
alcohol in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 10% w/w of
solution, which may be chosen from benzyl alcohol, ethanol,
n-butanol, isopropanol and glycols.
[0025] The solution can further comprise at least one member chosen
from monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, and mixtures
thereof in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 3% w/w of
the solution. These ingredients have known pH buffering,
stabilizing and cleaning properties. Preferred monocarboxylic acids
are glycolic acid and acetic acid. A preferred polycarboxylic acid
is citric acid.
[0026] To improve the rheological properties and attractiveness of
the solution, the solution can further comprise at least one
thickening agent compatible with hydrogen peroxide (e.g.
polyacrylic acid polymers, polysaccharides, and cellulose-based
polymers in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 5% w/w of
the solution, and at least one member chosen from dyes and
fragrances (as are known in the art) in a concentration of from
about 0.001 to about 0.5% w/w of the solution.
[0027] The balance of the solution consists of deionized water,
preferably with a conductivity of less than 20 micro zimens. It
will be appreciated that the lower the deionized water
conductivity, the longer the shelf life.
[0028] In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, the
solution may be in concentrated liquid form for dilution by the end
user. Similarly, in accordance with a third aspect, the invention
may take the form of a dry powdered formulation, which can be
dissolved in water to form a solution according to the first
aspect.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0029] When used herein, the expression "consisting essentially of"
shall mean--including the listed ingredients and such additional
ingredients as would not materially affect the basic and novel
properties of the invention--. The basic and novel properties are
the disinfecting properties of the invention and the suitability of
the invention for use on skin.
[0030] The term "comprising" shall mean--including but not limited
to--.
[0031] A "skin-conditioning agent" is any ingredient or compound,
which is used to make the solution suitable for use on skin and
includes moisturizers, emollients and humectants.
[0032] Certain ingredients used in the present inventive solution
can serve more than one function. For example, phosphoric acid and
citric acid are both hydrogen peroxide stabilizers and buffers.
Similarly, benzoic acid is also a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer and
a cyclic carboxylic acid, which contributes to disinfecting
activity.
[0033] The inventive solution is able to provide adequate levels of
disinfection while not irritating skin. The solution is
non-irritating due to the low levels of hydrogen peroxide, mild
surfactant package and low concentrations of other mild additives
employed. The solution has broad-spectrum activity, the degree of
which is unexpected given the germicidal activity of the individual
ingredients. A synergy exists amongst the ingredients of the
present inventive solution such that an effective disinfectant is
provided that is suitable for use on skin.
[0034] Commercial solutions having hydrogen peroxide concentrations
of from about 10 to about 50% w/w, (e.g. about 35% w/w or about 50%
w/w), may be used to prepare solutions according to the invention.
Such commercial solutions typically contain additional stabilizers
and additives as are known in the art and are available from
manufacturers such as FMC and Degussa AG.
[0035] As mentioned above, the invention may be in the form of a
concentrated liquid for dilution by the end user. Alternatively, it
may be in the form of a dry formulation for dissolution in water.
In such dry formulation, the hydrogen peroxide may be supplied by
persalt compounds, of which sodium percarbonate and sodium
perborate in its monohydrate and tetrahydrate forms are preferred.
Since sodium percarbonate contains about 20% hydrogen peroxide by
weight, and sodium perborate monohydrate and sodium perborate
tetrahydrate contain about 30% and about 20% respectively by
weight, proper allowance must be made when blending the dry mixture
of components to achieve the desired levels of hydrogen peroxide
upon dissolution in water.
[0036] As noted above, certain surfactants are essential to the
present invention, including, imidazoline derivatives (e.g.
alkylamphoacetates, alkylamphopropionates, and
alkyliminopropionates), alkylbetaines, alkylamidopropylbetaines,
alkyl amidopropyl betaine amides, alkylsulfobetaines, amine oxides
and derivatives and mixtures thereof. These surfactants are
available from a variety of sources, including Rhodia, which
manufactures and sells imidazoline derivatives in association with
the trademark MIRANOL and an alkylamidopropylbetaine in association
with the trademark MIRATAINE. Seppic manufactures and sells
surfactants useful in the present invention in association with the
trademark MONTALINE. Cognis manufactures and sells useful
surfactants in association with the trademark DEHYTON. Stepan
manufactures and sells amine oxides in association with the
trademark AMMONYX. Lonza manufactures and sells imidazoline
derivative and alky betaines in association with the trademarks
AMPHOTERGE and LONZAINE.
[0037] Amine oxides useful in this invention are R1R2R3NO wherein
each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently a saturated, substituted or
unsubstituted linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 28
carbon atoms.
[0038] Preferred imidazoline derivatives are alkylamphocarboxylates
and alkyliminocarboxylates having the following structures: 1
[0039] wherein R is a saturated, substituted or unsubstituted
linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
Preferably, R is a linear alkyl chain having from 8 to 16 carbon
atoms and R1 to R5 are saturated, linear alkyl groups having from 1
to 3 carbon atoms.
[0040] Alkyl amidopropyl betaine amides useful in this invention
have a saturated, substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched
alkyl group having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms. The alkyl group is
preferably a linear chain having from 6 to 16 carbon atoms.
[0041] Alkyl amidosulfobetaines have the following structure: 2
[0042] wherein R is a saturated, substituted or unsubstituted
linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
The alkyl group is preferably a linear alkyl chain having 8 to 16
carbon atoms.
[0043] Preferred hydrogen peroxide stabilizers are available from a
number of manufacturers including Rhodia under the trademark
BRIQUEST, and Solutia under the trademark DEQUEST.
[0044] The invention will be better understood with reference to
the following examples. In such examples, the following ingredients
were used.
[0045] Hydrogen Peroxide
[0046] The hydrogen peroxide used in all the examples is a 50% w/w
technical grade commercial solution sold by Degussa AG.
[0047] Hydrogen Peroxide Stabilizer
[0048] BRIQUEST ADPA 60 AW: 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1,-diphosphonic
acid, sold by Rhodia as a 60% w/w solution.
[0049] BRIQUEST 301-50A: nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid),
sold by Rhodia as a 50% w/w solution.
[0050] VERSENE 100: tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sold
by Dow Chemicals as a 37% w/w solution.
[0051] VERSENE NTA 148: trisodium nitrilotriacetate, sold by Dow
Chemicals as a 38% w/w solution.
[0052] VERSENE HEIDA: disodium salt of 2-hydroxyethyliminodiacetic
acid, sold by Dow Chemicals as a 41% w/w solution.
[0053] BAYPURE CX: Sodium salt of iminodisuccinic acid, sold by
Lanxess as a 100% w/w powder.
[0054] BAYPURE DS: Sodium salt of polyaspartic acid, sold by
Lanxess as a 100% w/w powder.
[0055] Surfactants
[0056] DEHYTON MC: sodium cocoamphoacetate, sold by Cognis as a 40%
w/w solution.
[0057] AMPHOTERGE K-2: disodium cocamphopropionate, sold by Lonza
as a 40% w/w solution.
[0058] AMPHOSOL CG: cocamidopropyl betaine, sold by Stepan as a 30%
w/w solution.
[0059] MIRANOL C2M CONC NP: cocampho diacetate, sold by Rhodia as a
30% w/w solution.
[0060] MONTALINE C40: cocamidopropyl betaineamide monoethanolamine
chloride (quaternized coconut oil), sold by Seppic as a 38% w/w
solution.
[0061] LONZAINE 16SP: cetyl dimethyl betaine, sold by Lonza as a
35% w/w solution.
[0062] MIRATAINE CBS: Cocamido propyl hydroxy sultaine, sold by
Rhodia as a 43.5% w/w solution.
[0063] AMMONYX LO: lauramine oxide, sold by Stepan as a 30% w/w
solution.
[0064] AMMONYX CDO: cocamidopropylamine oxide, sold by Stepan as a
30% w/w solution.
[0065] Skin Conditioning Agents
[0066] POLYQUATERNIUM-11: cationic copolymer of vinyl-pyrrolidone
and dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate quaternized with diethyl
sulfate, sold by ISP as a 20% w/w solution.
[0067] POLYQUATERNIUM-7: cationic copolymer of
dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide, sold by Mcintyre
Group Ltd. as a 9% w/w solution.
[0068] MERGITAL EL33: polyethylene glycol castor oil, sold by
Cognis as a 9% w/w solution.
[0069] Glycerin
[0070] Additional Optional Surfactants
[0071] STEPAN MILD SL3 BA: disodium lauryl ether sulfosuccinate
ethoxylated to 3 moles ethylene oxide (EO), sold by Stepan as a 32%
w/w solution.
[0072] SURFYNOL 104PG-50: 2,4,7,9 tetramethyl-5 decyne-4,7 diol,
sold by Air Products as a 50% w/w solution.
[0073] ETHAL OA-23: Oleyl (C18) alcohol ethoxylate, 23 moles of
EO/mole of alcohol, sold by Ethox Company as a 70% w/w
solution.
[0074] TERGITOL 15-S-7: C11-C14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate, 7
moles of EO/mole of alcohol, sold by Union Carbide as a 100% w/w
liquid.
[0075] TERGITOL 15-S-5: C11-C14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate, 5
moles of EO/mole of alcohol, sold by Union Carbide as a 100% w/w
liquid.
[0076] Thickening Agents
[0077] CARBOPOL 676: acrylic polymer, sold by Noveon Company as a
100% w/w powder.
[0078] NATRASOL 250 HR: Hydroxyethylcellulose, sold by Hercules as
a 100% w/w powder.
[0079] KLUCELL HF: Hydroxypropylcellulose, sold by Hercules as a
100% w/w powder.
EXAMPLES
[0080]
1 SOLUTION 1 INGREDIENTS % w/w Actual concentration % w/w deionized
water Up to 100 Up to 100 BRIQUEST ADPA 60 AW 0.6 0.36 salicylic
acid 0.01 0.01 Glycerin 3 3 DEHYTON MC 3 1.2 MONTALINE C40 1 0.38
AMMONYX CDO 3 0.9 benzoic acid 0.2 0.2 POLYQUATERNIUM-11 0.8 0.16
MERGITAL EL33 1 0.09 hydrogen peroxide 4 2 pH 4
[0081] Solution 1 is a hand disinfectant, which, at a 55% dilution
achieved a greater than 4 log 10 reduction in Staphylococcus aureus
and E. coli at 30 second contact time using European suspension
test method EN.12054. The solution was also tested against these
organisms in vivo using European fingerpad test method EN.1499.
[0082] Test method EN.1499 involves preparing 2 liters of a
contamination fluid containing from
2.times.10.sup.8-2.times.10.sup.9 test organisms. The test
organisms are prepared in Tryptone Soy Broth TSB and pooled
overnight. Hands are washed with soft soap and water to remove any
soil and then dried. The hands are then immersed up to the
mid-metacarpals in the contamination fluid with the fingers spread
apart. Immersion is for 5 seconds. The hands are then air dried for
3 minutes while moving the hands to avoid droplet formation.
[0083] Immediately after drying, the hands are sampled to establish
a baseline or "pre-value" count of test organisms. This is achieved
by rubbing the fingertips (including the thumb) against the base of
a petri dish containing 10 ml TSB on a neutralization bath
(designed to neutralize the activity of the test product) for 60
seconds. A separate petri dish is used for each hand. A series of
10-fold dilutions of the neutralization bath is prepared and each
dilution is plated on a well-dried Tryptone Soy Agar (TSA) plate
and incubated at 37.degree. C. for 18-24 hours. The number of
surviving colony forming units of microorganisms on each plate is
then counted and the value is expressed in terms of log 10.
[0084] The product to be tested is poured into cupped hands which
had been dipped in the contaminated fluid in the same manner
described above. The product is rubbed vigorously into the skin up
to the wrists for 60 seconds to ensure total coverage of the hands.
The fingers are then rinsed under running tap water for 15 seconds
and excess water is shaken off.
[0085] The hands are then sampled individually to establish a post
treatment or "post-value" count of test organisms. This is
performed using exactly the same method as that used to establish
the pre-value count. That is, the fingertips (including the thumb)
are rubbed against the base of a petri dish (one for each hand)
containing 10 ml TSB in a neutralization bath for 60 seconds. A
series of 10-fold dilutions of the neutralization bath is prepared
and each dilution is plated on a well-dried TSA plate and incubated
at 37.degree. C. for 18-24 hours. The number of surviving colony
forming units of microorganisms on each plate is then counted and
the value is expressed in terms of log 10.
[0086] 5 ml of a soft soap which does not have any antimicrobial
active ingredients, is used as a control and tested in the above
same manner.
[0087] After recording the number of colony forming units for each
dilution of the sample neutralization fluid, the number of colony
forming units per ml is calculated and expressed in terms of log
10. For both test and control products, the mean log counts from
left and right hands are used to determine the pre- and
post-values. The difference between the mean pre-value and the mean
post-value counts is then calculated and a log reduction factor for
the test product and the control product is calculated using the
WILCOXON's ranked pairs test. For a product to conform to standard
EN.1499, the log 10 reductions calculated for the test product must
be significantly better (pr=0.01) than those calculated for the
control product.
[0088] Test method EN.12054 is a suspension test method, which
entails pipetting 9.0 ml of the test solution into a 25 ml capacity
sterile container. 1 ml of a bacterial test suspension is then
added and mixed with the test solution. The container is then
placed in a water bath at 20.+-.1.degree. C. for a defined contact
time. Just before conclusion of the defined contact time, the
solution is mixed and 1.0 ml is transferred into a tube containing
8 ml of a neutralizer and 1 ml of water. The solution is then mixed
again and the tube is placed in a water bath at 20.+-.1.degree. C.
After a neutralization time of 5 minutes .+-.10 seconds, a series
of ten-fold dilutions of the neutralized mixture is prepared. A
sample of 1 ml of the mixture and 1 ml of its 10.sup.-1 dilution is
taken in duplicate and incubated by using the pour plate or spread
plate technique. In the pour plate technique, each 1 ml sample of
the mixture is pipetted onto a separate petri dish containing 12 to
15 ml of melted TSA cooled to 45.+-.1.degree. C. In the spread
plate technique, each 1 ml sample of the mixture is spread on an
appropriate number of oven-dried plates containing TSA.
[0089] The plates are then incubated at 36.+-.1.degree. C. for 24
hours after which the number of colony forming units for each plate
is determined. The plates are incubated for another 24 hours and
the colony forming units are recounted. The highest count value for
each plate is used to determine the effectiveness of the test
solution. Results are expressed in terms of log 10. A 3-log
reduction is the criteria for passing this test method.
2 SOLUTION 2 INGREDIENTS % w/w Actual concentration % w/w deionized
water Up to 100 Up to 100 citric acid Up to Up to pH = 4 pH = 4
Glycerin 1 1 BRIQUEST ADPA 60 AW 0.6 0.36 STEPAN MILD SL3 BA 4 1.28
AMMONYX LO 0.7 0.21 POLYQUATERNIUM-11 0.8 0.16 hydrogen peroxide 6
3
[0090] Solution 2 does not contain any cyclic carboxylic acids and
is therefore not in accordance with the present invention. This
solution (at 55% dilution) failed the in vitro European suspension
test method EN.12054 using a contact time of 1 minute.
3 SOLUTION 3 INGREDIENTS % w/w Actual concentration % w/w deionized
water Up to 100 Up to 100 citric acid 0.1 0.1 glycerin 1 1 BRIQUEST
ADPA 60 AW 0.6 0.36 STEPAN MILD SL3 BA 4 1.28 salicylic acid 0.17
0.17 POLYQUATERNIUM-11 0.8 0.16 hydrogen peroxide 6 3 KOH Up to Up
to pH = 4.0 pH = 4.0
[0091] Solution 3 does not contain any surfactants which are
essential to the present invention and is therefore not in
accordance with the present invention. This solution (at 55%
dilution) failed the in vitro European suspension test method EN.
12054 using a contact time of 1 minute.
[0092] What follows are additional exemplary solutions according to
the present invention.
4 SOLUTION 4 5 6 7 8 INGREDIENTS % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w
deionized water Qs to 100 hydrogen peroxide 3 4 3 3 3 1.5 2 1.5 1.5
1.5 benzoic acid 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.17 0.17
BRIQUEST ADPA 60 AW 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 lactic
acid -- -- -- -- 0.5 -- -- -- -- 0.4 DEHYTON MC 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 AMMONYX CDO -- 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.5 -- 0.15 0.06
0.15 0.15 MIRANOL C2M CONC NP -- -- 0.5 0.7 0.7 -- -- 0.15 0.21
0.21 MERGITAL EL33 2.5 1.0 -- -- -- 0.225 0.09 -- -- -- sorbitol --
-- 2.0 -- -- -- -- 2.0 -- -- glycerin 3.0 -- -- 2.5 4.0 3.0 -- --
2.5 4.0 benzyl alcohol -- -- -- -- 2.5 -- -- -- -- 2.5 isopropyl
alcohol -- -- -- 2.0 -- -- -- -- 1.4 -- NaOH (50%) To To To To To
pH = 3.0 pH = 5.5 pH = 5.0 pH = 5.0 pH = 4.0 SOLUTION 9 10 11 12 13
INGREDIENTS % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w deionized water Qs to 100
hydrogen peroxide 3 4 3 4 3 1.5 2 1.5 2 1.5 benzoic acid -- 0.17 --
0.17 0.17 -- 0.17 -- 0.17 0.17 salicylic acid -- -- 0.15 0.02 -- --
-- 0.15 0.02 -- 2-furan carboxylic acid 0.5 -- -- -- -- 0.5 -- --
-- -- BRIQUEST 301-50A 0.5 0.5 -- -- 0.5 0.25 0.25 -- -- 0.25
VERSENE NTA 148 -- -- -- 0.5 -- -- -- -- 0.5 -- VERSENE 100 -- --
0.4 -- -- -- -- 0.4 -- -- MIRANOL C2M CONC NP 25 40 7 10 7.5 12 2.1
3 ETHAL OA-23 -- 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.07 -- 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.05 AMMONYX
CDO 20 -- 10 0.5 6 -- 3 0.15 NATRASOL 250 HR -- -- 0.5 -- -- -- --
0.5 -- -- glycerin -- -- 5.0 -- -- -- -- 5.0 -- -- benzyl alcohol
-- -- -- -- 2.0 -- -- -- -- 2.0 isopropyl alcohol -- -- -- 2.0 --
-- -- -- 1.4 -- NaOH (50%) To To To To To pH = 2.5 pH = 3.5 pH =
5.0 pH = 6.0 pH = 5.0 SOLUTION 14 15 16 17 18 INGREDIENTS % w/w %
w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w deionized water Qs to 100 hydrogen peroxide 3
4 3 4 3 1.5 2 1.5 2 1.5 benzoic acid -- 0.17 -- 0.17 0.17 -- 0.17
-- 0.17 0.17 salicylic acid -- -- 0.15 0.02 -- -- -- 0.15 0.02 --
2-furan carboxylic acid 0.5 -- -- -- -- 0.5 -- -- -- -- BRIQUEST
301-50A 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 citric acid --
1.0 -- -- -- -- 1.0 -- -- -- AMPHOSOL CG 0.3 0.5 -- 0.7 0.7 0.09
0.15 -- 0.21 0.21 SURFYNOL 104PG-50 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.07 0.05
0.03 0.03 0.05 0.04 AMMONYX LO -- -- 6.0 0.5 0.5 -- -- 1.8 0.15
0.15 CARBOPOL 676 0.3 -- -- -- -- 0.3 -- -- -- -- sorbitol 4.0 --
-- -- -- 4.0 -- -- -- -- benzyl alcohol -- -- -- -- 2.0 -- -- -- --
2.0 isopropyl alcohol -- -- -- 2.0 -- -- -- -- 1.4 -- NaOH (50%) To
To To To To pH = 2.5 pH = 3.0 pH = 5.0 pH = 6.0 pH = 5.0 SOLUTION
19 20 21 22 23 INGREDIENTS % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w deionized
water Qs to 100 hydrogen peroxide 3 4 3 4 3 1.5 2 1.5 2 1.5 benzoic
acid -- 0.2 -- 0.15 0.17 -- 0.2 -- 0.15 0.17 salicylic acid -- --
0.15 0.04 -- -- -- 0.15 0.04 -- 2-furan carboxylic acid 0.3 -- --
-- -- 0.3 -- -- -- -- BRIQUEST 301-50A 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.25
0.25 0.25 0.25 citric acid -- 1.0 -- -- -- -- 1.0 -- -- --
AMPHOTERGE K-2 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.28 0.32 0.32 0.4 0.2 AMMONYX
LO -- -- 0.2 0.5 0.5 -- -- 0.06 0.15 0.15 KLUCEL HF -- 0.5 -- -- --
-- 0.5 -- -- -- allantoin -- 0.05 -- -- -- -- 0.05 -- -- --
glycerin 10 4.0 5.0 2.0 3.0 10 4.0 5.0 2.0 3.0 benzyl alcohol -- --
-- -- 2.0 -- -- -- -- 2.0 isopropyl alcohol -- -- -- 2.0 -- -- --
-- 1.4 -- NaOH (50%) To To To To To pH = 2.5 pH = 3.5 pH = 5.0 pH =
6.0 pH = 5.0 SOLUTION 24 25 26 27 28 29 INGREDIENTS % w/w % w/w %
w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w deionized water Qs to 100 hydrogen peroxide 6
8 8 8 8 1.0 3 4 4 4 4 0.5 benzoic acid 0.2 0.1 0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
0.1 0 0.1 0.1 0.1 salicylic acid -- 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -- 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1 0.1 BRIQUEST ADPA 60AW 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 -- 2.4 0.18 2.4 2.4
2.4 -- 2.4 VERSENA HEIDA -- -- -- -- 4.0 2.5 1.6 1.0 citric acid
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 TERGITOL 15-S-7 5.0
7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 TERGITOL 15-S-5 2.0 3.0
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 ETHAL OA-23 0.2 0.1 3.0 1.2
1.2 1.2 0.14 0.07 2.1 0.84 0.84 0.84 glycolic acid 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 phosphoric acid -- 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0 -- 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 AMMONYX LO 3.0 2.0 2.0 14 5.0 5.0
0.9 0.6 0.6 4.2 1.5 1.5 AMPHOSOL CG 5.0 -- -- -- 5.0 5.0 1.5 -- --
-- 1.5 1.5 MONTALINE C40 4.0 -- 10 -- 4.0 4.0 1.6 -- 4.0 -- 1.6 1.6
MIRANOL C2M CONC NP -- -- -- 7.0 5.0 5.0 -- -- -- 2.1 1.5 1.5
glycerin 3.0 1.0 2.0 7.0 8.0 4.0 3.0 1.0 2.0 7.0 8.0 4.0 propylene
glycol 0 0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 NaOH (50%) To pH = 4.0
SOLUTION 30 31 INGREDIENTS % w/w % w/w deionized water Qs to 100
hydrogen peroxide 3 4 1.5 2.0 benzoic acid -- 0.2 -- 0.2 salicylic
acid 0.15 -- 0.15 -- BRIQUEST 301-50A 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.25 citric acid
-- 1.0 -- 1.0 LONZAINE 16SP 5.0 -- 1.8 -- MIRATAINE CBS -- 3.0 --
1.3 AMMONYX LO 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.1 CARBOPOL 676 -- 0.5 -- 0.5 allantoin
-- 0.05 -- 0.05 glycerin -- 4.0 -- 4.0 sorbitol 5.0 -- 5.0 -- NAOH
(50% Up to pH = 4 Up to pH = 5 pH 4 5 SOLUTION 32 33 34 35
INGREDIENTS % w/w % w/w % w/w % wlw deionized water Qs to 100
hydrogen peroxide 6 8 6 8 3 4 3 4 benzoic acid 0.17 0.1 0.17 0.1
0.17 0.1 0.17 0.1 salicylic acid 0.17 0.1 0.17 0.1 0.17 0.1 0.17
0.1 BRIQUEST ADPA 60AW 0.35 4.0 -- -- 0.21 2.4 -- -- BAYPURE CX --
-- -- 0.5 -- -- -- 0.5 BAYPURE DS -- -- 0.4 -- -- -- 0.4 -- citric
acid 0.1 1.0 0.1 1.0 0.1 1.0 0.1 1.0 AMMONYX LO 3.0 2.0 3.0 2.0 0.9
0.6 0.9 0.6 AMPHOSOL CG 6.0 -- 6.0 -- 1.8 -- 1.8 -- MONTALINE C40
4.0 -- 4.0 -- 1.6 -- 1.6 -- POLYQUATERNIUM-7 0.8 -- 0.8 -- 0.07 --
0.07 -- Glycerin 3.0 -- 3.0 -- 3.0 -- 3.0 -- NATRASOL 250 HR -- 0.5
-- 0.5 -- 0.5 -- 0.5 KOH (45%) Up to the specified pH pH 3.0 2.0
4.0 5.0 The active concentration in final solution is shown in
bold.
[0093] Solution 32 was tested for its microbial activity using
EN.12054 test method at 55% dilution against S.aureus,
P.aeruginosa, E.hirae, and E.coli and showed more than 3 log
reduction which is the criteria for a hand antiseptic. This
solution was also tested against E.coli using EN.1499 and passed
the test.
[0094] Solution 32 was also tested for its skin irritation using a
patch test. In this study, the solution was put on patches and
applied on the skin of 11 volunteers for 48 hours. No irritation
was observed after the test, indicating that the solution is not a
skin irritant.
[0095] Solution 32 was also tested for its hydrogen peroxide
stability using a hot stability test method. The solution was kept
at 70.degree. C. for one week, which is equivalent to 1 year at
room temperature. The loss for hydrogen peroxide was less than 5%
proving remarkable stability of the solution.
[0096] The foregoing description is by way of example only and
shall not be construed to limit the scope of the invention as
defined by the following claims.
* * * * *