U.S. patent application number 11/181354 was filed with the patent office on 2005-11-03 for volar fixation system.
Invention is credited to Orbay, Jorge L..
Application Number | 20050245931 11/181354 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 46300733 |
Filed Date | 2005-11-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050245931 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Orbay, Jorge L. |
November 3, 2005 |
Volar fixation system
Abstract
A volar fixation system includes a plate intended to be
positioned against the volar side of the radial bone. The plate
includes threaded holes for receiving fasteners which lock relative
to the plate.
Inventors: |
Orbay, Jorge L.; (Miami,
FL) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Gordon & Jacobson, P.C.
Suite 407
60 Long Ridge Road
Stamford
CT
06902
US
|
Family ID: |
46300733 |
Appl. No.: |
11/181354 |
Filed: |
July 14, 2005 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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11181354 |
Jul 14, 2005 |
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10762695 |
Jan 22, 2004 |
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10762695 |
Jan 22, 2004 |
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10315787 |
Dec 10, 2002 |
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6706046 |
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10315787 |
Dec 10, 2002 |
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10159611 |
May 30, 2002 |
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6730090 |
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10159611 |
May 30, 2002 |
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09735228 |
Dec 12, 2000 |
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6440135 |
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09735228 |
Dec 12, 2000 |
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09524058 |
Mar 13, 2000 |
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6364882 |
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09735228 |
Dec 12, 2000 |
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09495854 |
Feb 1, 2000 |
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6358250 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
606/291 ;
606/286 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 17/8057 20130101;
A61B 17/863 20130101; A61B 17/8061 20130101; A61B 17/8033 20130101;
A61B 17/8042 20130101; A61B 17/7233 20130101; A61B 17/1728
20130101; A61B 17/7291 20130101; A61B 17/1782 20161101; A61B
17/1725 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
606/069 |
International
Class: |
A61B 017/58 |
Claims
1-20. (canceled)
21. A volar fixation plate, comprising: a substantially rigid plate
including a distal head portion and a proximal body portion angled
relative to said head portion, said head portion defining at least
three threaded holes of a same diameter adapted to individually
receive fixation pegs therethrough, said threaded holes linearly
arranged in a generally medial to lateral direction wherein
successive lateral threaded holes are situated distally relative to
adjacent threaded holes, and said threaded holes define a plurality
of axes at least two of which are oblique relative to each other,
and said body portion including at least one screw hole.
22. A volar fixation plate according to claim 21, wherein: said
threaded holes define a plurality of axes at least two of which are
oblique relative to each other.
23. A volar fixation plate according to claim 21, wherein: each of
said at least two axes is oblique in two dimensions relative to
another of said at least two axes.
24. A volar fixation plate according to claim 21, wherein: said
head portion and said body portion are provided in a substantially
T-shaped configuration relative to each other, with said body
portion intersecting said head portion.
25. A volar fixation plate, comprising: a substantially rigid plate
including a distal head portion and a proximal body portion angled
relative to said head portion, said plate dimensioned for
implantation at the distal volar radius, said body portion
including at least one screw hole, and said head portion including
at least three threaded holes of common diameter linearly arranged
in a generally medial to lateral direction substantially transverse
to said body portion, wherein successive lateral threaded holes are
situated distally relative to adjacent threaded holes, a plurality
of said threaded holes being obliquely oriented relative to said
bone contacting surface of said head portion.
26. A volar fixation plate, comprising: a substantially rigid plate
including a distal head portion and a proximal body portion angled
relative to said head portion, said plate dimensioned for
implantation at the distal volar radius, said body portion
including at least one screw hole, and said head portion having a
bone contacting surface and including at least a three threaded
holes of a common diameter linearly arranged in a generally medial
to lateral direction substantially transverse to said body portion,
said threaded holes defining at least two axes which diverge
relative to each other from said bone contacting surface.
27. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein: all of
said axes diverge relative to each other.
28. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein:
successive lateral threaded holes are situated distally relative to
adjacent threaded holes.
29. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein: at least
two of said axes are oblique in two dimensions relative to each
other.
30. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein: at least
three of said axes are oblique in two dimensions relative to each
other.
31. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein: said
plate includes four threaded holes, and said axes through said four
holes are oblique in two dimensions relative to each other.
32. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, in combination
with: at least one fastener having a threaded head portion adapted
to be engaged in a threaded hole of said head portion, and a shaft
portion sized to be received through said threaded hole and extend
along said axis of said threaded hole.
33. The combination of claim 32, further in combination with: at
least one screw adapted to be received in said at least one screw
hole.
34. The combination of claim 33, wherein: said at least one screw
is a self-tapping screw.
35. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein: a first
of said plurality of threaded holes defines a first axis of said
plurality of axes, and another axis through one of said holes is
angled approximately 10-30.degree. distal and 10-30.degree. lateral
relative to the first axis.
36. A volar fixation plate according to claim 35, wherein: said
threaded holes are in a linear arrangement, and said first and
another axes are at opposite ends of said linear arrangement.
37. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein: a first
of said plurality of threaded holes defines a first axis of said
plurality of axes directed substantially normal to said bone
contacting surface, a second of said plurality of threaded holes
defines a second axis of said plurality of axes angled
approximately 1-7.degree. distal and 1-7.degree. lateral relative
to the first axis, a third of said plurality of threaded holes
defines a third axis of said plurality of axes angled approximately
7-13.degree. distal and 7-13.degree. lateral relative to the first
axis, and a fourth of said plurality of threaded holes defines a
fourth axis of said plurality of axes angled approximately
10-30.degree. distal and 10-30.degree. lateral relative to the
first axis.
38. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein: a first
of said plurality of threaded holes defines a first axis of said
plurality of axes directed substantially normal to said bone
contacting surface, a second of said plurality of threaded holes
defines a second axis of said plurality of axes angled
approximately 2.5.degree. distal and 2.5.degree. lateral relative
to the first axis, a third of said plurality of threaded holes
defines a third axis of said plurality of axes angled approximately
10.degree. distal and 10.degree. lateral relative to the first
axis, and a fourth of said plurality of threaded holes defines a
fourth axis of said plurality of axes angled approximately
20.degree. distal and 20.degree. lateral relative to the first
axis.
39. A volar fixation plate according to claim 26, wherein: said
head portion and said body portion are provided in a substantially
T-shaped configuration relative to each other, with said body
portion intersecting said head portion.
40. A volar fixation plate, comprising: a substantially rigid plate
including a distal head portion and a proximal body portion, said
body portion including at least one screw hole and said head
portion defining a plurality of threaded holes adapted to
individually receive fasteners with a threaded head therein, said
plurality of threaded holes each having an axis, a first axis
through one of said holes being directed substantially normal to a
lower surface of said head portion, and another axis through one of
said holes being angled approximately 10-30.degree. distal and
10-30.degree. lateral relative to the first axis.
41. A volar fixation plate according to claim 40, wherein: a second
of said axes through one of said holes is angled approximately
1-7.degree. distal and 1-7.degree. lateral relative to the first
axis, and a third axis of said plurality of axes through one of
said holes angled approximately 7-13.degree. distal and
7-13.degree. lateral relative to the first axis, wherein said holes
defining said second and third axes are located between said holes
defining said first and said another axes.
42. A volar fixation plate according to claim 41, wherein: said
second axis is angled approximately 2.5.degree. distal and
2.5.degree. lateral relative to the first axis, said third axis is
angled approximately 10.degree. distal and 10.degree. lateral
relative to the first axis, and said another axis is angled
approximately 20.degree. distal and 20.degree. lateral relative to
the first axis.
43. A volar fixation plate according to claim 40, wherein: each of
said axes is oblique in two dimensions relative to the other of
said axes.
44. A volar fixation plate according to claim 40, wherein: said
threaded holes are linearly arranged.
45. A volar fixation plate according to claim 44, wherein: said
head portion defines a medial side and a lateral side, and said
threaded holes are arranged in a generally medial to lateral
direction wherein successive lateral threaded holes are situated
distally relative to adjacent threaded holes.
46. A volar fixation plate according to claim 40, wherein: said
threaded holes lie on a curve.
Description
[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No.
10/762,695, filed Jan. 22, 2004, which is a continuation-in-part of
U.S. Ser. No. 10/315,787, filed Dec. 10, 2002, which is a
continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 10/159,611, filed May 30,
2002, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 09/735,228,
filed Dec. 12, 2000 and now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,440,135,
which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 09/524,058, filed
Mar. 13, 2000 and now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,364,882, and U.S.
Ser. No. 09/495,854, filed Feb. 1, 2000 and now issued as U.S. Pat.
No. 6,358,250, the complete disclosure of which are hereby
incorporated by reference herein.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] This invention relates broadly to surgical devices. More
particularly, this invention relates to a bone fixation system, and
particularly to a fixation system adapted to fixate a distal radius
fracture.
[0004] 2. State of the Art
[0005] Referring to FIG. 1, a Colles' fracture is a fracture
resulting from compressive forces being placed on the distal radius
10, and which causes backward displacement of the distal fragment
12 and radial deviation of the hand at the wrist 14. Often, a
Colles' fracture will result in multiple bone fragments 16, 18, 20
which are movable and out of alignment relative to each other. If
not properly treated, such fractures result in permanent wrist
deformity. It is therefore important to align the fracture and
fixate the bones relative to each other so that proper healing may
occur.
[0006] Alignment and fixation are typically performed by one of
several methods: casting, external fixation, interosseous wiring,
and plating. Casting is non-invasive, but may not be able to
maintain alignment of the fracture where many bone fragments exist.
Therefore, as an alternative, external fixators may be used.
External fixators utilize a method known as ligamentotaxis, which
provides distraction forces across the joint and permits the
fracture to be aligned based upon the tension placed on the
surrounding ligaments. However, while external fixators can
maintain the position of the wrist bones, it may nevertheless be
difficult in certain fractures to first provide the bones in proper
alignment. In addition, external fixators are often not suitable
for fractures resulting in multiple bone fragments. Interosseous
wiring is an invasive procedure whereby screws are positioned into
the various fragments and the screws are then wired together as
bracing. This is a difficult and time consuming procedure.
Moreover, unless the bracing is quite complex, the fracture may not
be properly stabilized. Plating utilizes a stabilizing metal plate
typically against the dorsal side of the bones, and a set of
parallel pins extending from the plate into the holes drilled in
the bone fragments to provide stabilized fixation of the fragments.
However, the currently available plate systems fail to provide
desirable alignment and stabilization.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an
improved fixation and alignment system for a Colles' fracture.
[0008] It is another object of the invention to provide a volar
fixation system which desirably aligns and stabilizes multiple bone
fragments in a distal radial fracture to permit proper healing.
[0009] In accord with these objects, which will be discussed in
detail below, a volar fixation system is provided which generally
includes a T-shaped plate intended to be positioned against the
volar side of the radial bone, a plurality of bone screws for
securing the plate along a non-fractured portion of the radial
bone, and a plurality of bone pegs which extend from the plate and
into bone fragments of a Colles' fracture.
[0010] The plate is generally a T-shaped plate defining an elongate
body, a head portion angled relative to the body, a first side
which is intended to contact the bone, and a second side opposite
the first side. The body portion includes a plurality of
countersunk screw holes for the extension of the bone screws
therethrough. The head portion includes a plurality of threaded peg
holes for receiving the pegs therethrough. According to a first
embodiment, the peg holes are preferably non-linearly arranged.
According to a second embodiment, the peg holes are preferably
linearly arranged. In either embodiment, the peg holes are
positioned increasingly distal in a medial to lateral direction
along the second side. According to a preferred aspect of the
invention, axes through the holes are oblique relative to each
other, and are preferably angled relative to each other in two
dimensions. The pegs having a threaded head and a relatively smooth
cylindrical shaft.
[0011] The system preferably also includes a guide plate which
temporarily sits on top of the volar plate and includes holes
oriented according to the axes of the peg holes for guiding a drill
into the bone fragments at the required orientation. The volar
plate and guide plate are also preferably provided with mating
elements to temporarily stabilize the guide plate on the volar
plate during the hole drilling process.
[0012] In use, the volar plate is positioned with its first side
against the volar side of the radius and bone screws are inserted
through the bone screw holes into the radius to secure the volar
plate to the radius. The bone fragments are then aligned and the
guide plate is positioned on the second side of the volar plate. A
drill, guided by guide holes in the guide plate, drills holes into
the bone fragments, and the guide plate is then removed.
[0013] The pegs are then inserted through the peg holes and into
the holes in the bone, and the heads of the pegs are threadably
engaged in the volar plate. The volar fixation system thereby
secures the bone fragments in their proper orientation.
[0014] Additional objects and advantages of the invention will
become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference to the
detailed description taken in conjunction with the provided
figures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] FIG. 1 is an illustration of an extremity subject to a
Colles' fracture;
[0016] FIG. 2 is a top volar view of a right hand volar fixation
system according to a first embodiment of the invention;
[0017] FIG. 3 is a side view of a bone peg according to the first
embodiment of the volar fixation system of the invention;
[0018] FIG. 4 is a side view of a bone screw of the volar fixation
system of the invention;
[0019] FIG. 5 is a side view of the right hand volar plate of the
volar fixation system according to the first embodiment of the
invention;
[0020] FIG. 6 is a front end view of the right hand volar plate of
the volar fixation system according to the first embodiment of the
invention;
[0021] FIG. 7 is an exploded side view of the right hand volar
plate and guide plate according to the first embodiment of the
fixation system of the invention;
[0022] FIG. 8 is a side view of the guide plate positioned on the
right hand volar plate to provide drill guide paths in accord with
the invention;
[0023] FIG. 9 is an illustration of the first embodiment of the
volar fixation system provided in situ aligning and stabilizing a
Colles' fracture;
[0024] FIG. 10 is a top volar view of a left hand volar fixation
system according to the second embodiment of the invention;
[0025] FIG. 11 is a lateral side view of the left hand volar
fixation system according to the second embodiment of the
invention;
[0026] FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the left hand volar fixation
system according to the second embodiment of the invention;
[0027] FIG. 13 is an enlarged side elevation of a bone peg
according to the second embodiment of the volar fixation system of
the invention;
[0028] FIG. 14 is a proximal end view of the bone peg of FIG.
13;
[0029] FIG. 15 is first partial top view of the head portion of the
left hand volar plate according to the second embodiment of the
volar fixation system of the invention;
[0030] FIGS. 16-19 are section views across line 16-16, 17-17,
18-18, and 19-19, respectively in FIG. 15;
[0031] FIG. 20 is second partial top view of the head portion of
the left hand volar plate according to the second embodiment of the
volar fixation system of the invention; and
[0032] FIGS. 21-24 are section views across line 21-21, 22-22,
23-23, and 24-24, respectively in FIG. 20.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0033] Turning now to FIGS. 2 through 4, a first embodiment of a
volar fixation system 100 for aligning and stabilizing multiple
bone fragments in a Colles' fracture generally includes a
substantially rigid T-shaped plate 102 intended to be positioned
against the volar side of the radial bone, a plurality of
preferably self-tapping bone screws 104 for securing the plate 102
along a non-fractured portion of the radial bone, and a plurality
of bone pegs 108 which extend from the plate 102 and into bone
fragments of a Colles' fracture.
[0034] Referring to FIGS. 2, 5 and 6, more particularly, the
T-shaped plate 102 defines a head portion 116, an elongate body
portion 118 angled relative to the head portion, a first side 120
which is intended to contact the bone, and a second side 122
opposite the first side. The first side 120 at the head portion is
preferably planar, as is the first side at the body portion. As the
head portion and body portion are angled relative to each other,
the first side preferably defines two planar portions. The angle .O
slashed. between the head portion 116 and the body portion 118 is
preferably approximately 18.degree. and bent at a radius of
approximately 1.00 inch (FIG. 5). The distal edge 121 of the head
portion 116 is preferably angled proximally toward the medial side
at an angle a, e.g., 5.degree., relative to a line P, which is
perpendicular to the body portion. The head portion 116 preferably
has a width of 0.913 inch and a greatest proximal-distal dimension
(i.e., from the corner of angle a to the body portion) of
approximately 0.69 inch, and the body portion preferably has a
width of 0.375 inch and a length of 1.40 inches. The plate 102
preferably has a thickness of approximately 0.098 inch. The plate
102 is preferably made from a titanium alloy, such as Ti-6A-4V.
[0035] The body portion 118 includes three preferably countersunk
screw holes 124, 126, 128 for the extension of the bone screws 104
therethrough. The first screw hole 124 has a center preferably
0.235 inch from the end of the body portion, the second screw hole
126 has a center preferably 0.630 inch from the end of the body
portion, and the third screw hole 128 is preferably generally
elliptical (or oval) and defines foci-like locations at 1.020
inches and 1.050 inches from the end of the body portion. The head
portion 116 includes four threaded peg holes 130, 132, 134, 136 for
individually receiving the pegs 108 therethrough. According to a
first preferred aspect of the first embodiment of the invention,
the peg holes 130, 132, 134, 136, preferably 0.100 inch in
diameter, are preferably non-linearly arranged along the head
portion 116, and are provided such that the adjacent peg holes are
provided further distally in a medial to lateral direction along
the second side. More particularly, according to a preferred aspect
of the first embodiment of the invention, the peg holes are
preferably arranged along a parabolic curve, with the center of peg
hole 130 located approximately 0.321 inch proximal line P and
approximately 0.719 inch medial of the lateral edge 137 of the head
portion, the center of peg hole 132 located approximately 0.296
inch proximal line P and approximately 0.544 inch medial of the
lateral edge 137, the center of peg hole 134 located approximately
0.250 inch proximal line P and approximately 0.369 inch medial of
the lateral edge 137, and the center of peg hole 136 located
approximately 0.191 inch proximal line P and approximately 0.194
inch medial of the lateral edge 137.
[0036] In addition, according to a second preferred aspect of the
first embodiment of the invention, the peg holes define axes
A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, A.sub.4 which are oblique (not parallel)
relative to each other, and more preferably are angled in two
dimensions (medial/lateral and proximal/distal) relative to each
other; i.e., the pegs once inserted into the peg holes are also
angled in two dimensions relative to each other. More particularly,
the first axis A.sub.1 of the first peg hole 130 (that is, the most
proximal and medial peg hole) is preferably directed normal to the
first side 120 of the head portion 116. The axis A.sub.2 of the
adjacent peg hole 132, i.e., the second axis, is preferably angled
approximately 1-7.degree. distal and lateral relative to the first
axis A.sub.1, and more preferably approximately 2.5.degree. distal
and lateral relative to the first axis A.sub.1. The axis A.sub.3 of
the peg hole 134 laterally adjacent the second peg hole 132, i.e.,
the third axis, is preferably angled approximately 7-13.degree.
distal and lateral relative to the first axis A.sub.1, and more
preferably approximately 10.degree. distal and lateral relative to
the first axis A.sub.1. The axis A.sub.4 of the peg hole 134
laterally adjacent the third peg hole 132, i.e., the fourth axis,
is preferably angled approximately 10-30.degree. distal and lateral
relative to the first axis A.sub.1, and more preferably
approximately 20.degree. distal and lateral relative to the first
axis A.sub.1. The second side of the head portion 116, distal of
the peg holes 130, 132, 134, 136 is preferably beveled.
[0037] Referring back to FIG. 3, the pegs 108, preferably
approximately 0.872 inch in length, each have a threaded head 138
adapted to threadably engage the threads about the peg holes 130,
132, 134, 136, and have a relatively smooth non-threaded
cylindrical shaft 140. The shafts 140 are preferably approximately
0.0675 inch in diameter and 0.765 inch in length. Such dimensions
permit the pegs to adequately support the bone fragments such that
the bone is able to heal correctly. The pegs 108 are also
preferably made from titanium alloy, and may be coated in a
ceramic, e.g., titanium nitride, to provide a bone interface which
will not adversely affect bone healing.
[0038] Turning now to FIGS. 7 and 8, the system 100 preferably also
includes a guide plate 146 which temporarily sits on the second
side 122 of the volar plate 102 and includes guide holes 148, 150,
152, 154 (illustrated in overlapping section in FIG. 8) oriented
according to the axes A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, A.sub.4 of the peg
holes for guiding a drill into the bone fragments at the required
orientation. That is, the guide holes together with the peg holes
define a drill guide path along the axes with sufficient depth to
accurately guide a drill (not shown) to drill holes at the desired
pin orientations. The volar plate 102 and guide plate 146 are also
preferably provided with mating elements, such as a plurality of
holes 156, 158 on the second side of the volar plate (FIG. 2), and
a plurality of protuberances 160 on the mating side of the guide
plate (FIG. 7), to temporarily stabilize the guide plate on the
volar plate during the hole drilling process.
[0039] Referring to FIGS. 2 through 9, in use, the volar plate 102
is positioned with its first side 120 against the volar side of the
radius. Bone screws 104 (either self-tapping or inserted with the
aid of pre-drilled pilot holes) are inserted through the bone screw
holes 124, 126, 128 into the radius bone 10 to secure the volar
plate 102 to the radius. The bone fragments 16, 18, 20 are then
aligned with the radius 10. Next, the guide plate 146 is positioned
on the second side of the volar plate. A drill, guided by a guide
path formed by the peg holes and the guide holes, drills holes into
and between the bone fragments 16, 18, 20 (and possibly also a
portion of the integral radius, depending upon the particular
location and extent of the fracture), and the guide plate is then
removed. The pegs 108 are then inserted through the peg holes 130,
132, 134, 136 and into the holes drilled into the fragments, and
the heads of the pegs are threadably engaged in the volar plate.
The pegs 108, extending through the oblique-axis peg holes 130,
132, 134, 136, are positioned immediately below the subchondral
bone of the radius and support the bone fragments for proper
healing. The volar fixation system thereby secures the bone
fragments in their proper orientation.
[0040] Referring to FIGS. 10-12, a second embodiment of a volar
plate 210, substantially similar to the first embodiment (with like
parts having numbers incremented by 100) and used in substantially
the same manner as the first embodiment is shown. The plate 210
preferably has a length of approximately 2.35 inches, which is
approximately 0.35 inch greater than in the first embodiment. This
additional length accommodates an extra bone screw hole 229 in the
body of the volar plate such that the volar plate preferably
includes four bone screw holes 224, 226, 228, 229. The additional
bone screw in screw hole 229 increases plate stability over the
three holes of the first embodiment. The plate 210 preferably
tapers in thickness from the body portion 218 to the head portion
216. A preferred taper provides a proximal body portion 218
thickness of approximately 0.098 inch and head portion 216
thickness of approximately 0.078 inch. The taper decreases the
thickness of the head portion 216 relative to the body such that
the weight of the volar plate is reduced and an improved tendon
clearance is provided. The distal edge of the head portion 216 has
an increased taper (preferably approximately 60.degree. relative to
a line normal to the head) to a distal edge 221. The edge 221 is
broken (i.e., made blunt) to prevent irritation or disturbance to
the surrounding anatomy.
[0041] The head portion 216 includes four threaded peg holes 230,
232, 234, 236 for individually receiving pegs 208 therethrough
(FIGS. 13 and 14), and a guide hole 256 for alignment of a guide
plate. According to a preferred aspect of the second embodiment of
the invention, the peg holes 230, 232, 234, 236, preferably 0.100
inch in diameter, are preferably linearly arranged along the head
portion 216, and are provided such that the adjacent peg holes are
provided further distally in a medial to lateral direction along
the first and second sides. Referring to FIG. 15, more
particularly, according to a preferred dimensions of the second
embodiment of the invention, the center of peg hole 230 is located
approximately 0.321 inch proximal line P and approximately 0.750
inch medial of the lateral edge 237 of the head portion, the center
of peg hole 232 is located approximately 0.306 inch proximal line P
and 0.557 inch medial of the lateral edge 237, the center of peg
hole 234 is located approximately 0.289 inch proximal line P and
approximately 0.364 inch medial of the lateral edge 237, and the
center of peg hole 236 is located approximately 0.272 inch proximal
line P and approximately 0.171 inch medial of the lateral edge 237.
As such, the distance from each of the peg holes to the distal edge
221 of the volar plate is relatively greater than in the first
embodiment, and provides a preferred alignment with respect to the
tapered distal edge 221.
[0042] Referring to FIGS. 15-24, in addition, as in the first
embodiment, the peg holes define axes A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3,
A.sub.4 which are oblique relative to each other, and more
preferably are angled in two dimensions (medial/lateral and
proximal/distal) relative to each other; i.e., the pegs 208 once
inserted into the peg holes are also angled in two dimensions
relative to each other. More particularly, as in the first
embodiment, the first axis A.sub.1 of the first peg hole 230 is
preferably directed normal (FIGS. 16 and 21) to the first side 220
of the head portion 216. The axis A.sub.2 of peg hole 232 is
preferably angled approximately 1-7.degree. distal (FIG. 17) and
approximately 1-7.degree. lateral (FIG. 22) relative to the axis
A.sub.1, and more preferably approximately 2.5.degree. both distal
and lateral relative to axis A.sub.1. The axis A.sub.3 of peg hole
234 is preferably angled approximately 7-13.degree. distal (FIG.
18) and approximately 7-13.degree. lateral (FIG. 23) relative to
axis A.sub.1, and more preferably approximately 10.degree. both
distal and lateral relative to axis A.sub.1. Axis A.sub.4 of the
peg hole 234 is preferably angled approximately 10-30.degree.
distal (FIG. 19) and approximately 10-30.degree. lateral (FIG. 24)
relative to axis A.sub.1, and more preferably approximately
20.degree. both distal and lateral relative to axis A.sub.1.
[0043] Referring to FIGS. 13 and 16-19, each of the peg holes has a
countersunk portion 270, 272, 274, 276, respectively, for receiving
the head 238 of peg 208. Countersunk portions 270, 272 are each
preferably approximately 0.030 inch deep and threaded according to
the head of the pegs, as described below. Countersunk portion 274
is preferably approximately 0.042 inch deep and likewise threaded.
Countersunk portion 276 is preferably approximately 0.056 inch deep
and also threaded. The respective depths of the countersunk
portions are adapted to better accommodate the heads 238 of the
pegs 208 relative to the respective axes of the peg holes.
[0044] Referring to FIGS. 13 and 14, the pegs 208, preferably
approximately 0.872 inch in length, each have a threaded head 238
adapted to threadably engage threads about the peg holes 230, 232,
234, 236, and have a relatively smooth non-threaded cylindrical
shaft 240. The heads 238 preferably include a no. 5 thread 280 at a
count of 44 per inch. In addition, the heads 238 are rounded and
include a hex socket 282 to facilitate stabilized threading into
the peg holes. This design accommodates the reduced thickness of
the volar plate at the head portion 216. The shafts 240 are
preferably approximately 0.0792 inch (2 mm) in diameter and 0.765
inch in length. Such dimensions permit the pegs to adequately
support the bone fragments such that the bone is able to heal
correctly. The pegs 208 are also preferably made from titanium
alloy, and may be `tiodized` to provide a strong finish which does
not adversely affect bone healing.
[0045] There have been described and illustrated herein embodiments
of a volar fixation system and a method of aligning and stabilizing
a Colles' fracture. While particular embodiments of the invention
have been described, it is not intended that the invention be
limited thereto, as it is intended that the invention be as broad
in scope as the art will allow and that the specification be read
likewise. Thus, while particular materials for the elements of the
system have been disclosed, it will be appreciated that other
materials may be used as well. In addition, while a particular
numbers of screw holes in the volar plates and bone screws have
been described, it will be understood another number of screw holes
and screws may be provided. Further, fewer screws than the number
of screw holes may be used to secure to the volar plate to the
radius. Also, fewer or more peg holes and bone pegs may be used,
preferably such that at least two pegs angled in two dimensions
relative to each other are provided. Moreover, while in the first
embodiment it is preferred that the peg holes lie along a parabolic
curve, it will be appreciated that they can lie along another
curve. In addition, while a particular preferred angle between the
head portion and body portion has been disclosed, other angles can
also be used. Furthermore, while particular distances are disclosed
between the peg holes and line P, it will be appreciated that the
peg holes may be provided at other distances relative thereto.
Moreover, while particular preferred medial/lateral and
proximal/distal angles for the peg hole axes has been disclosed, it
will be appreciated that yet other angles may be used in accord
with the invention. Also, while a right-handed volar plate is
described with respect to the first embodiment, and a left-handed
volar plate is described with respect to the second embodiment, it
will be appreciated that each embodiment may be formed in either a
right- or left-handed model, with such alternate models being
mirror images of the models described. In addition, aspects from
each of the embodiments may be combined. It will therefore be
appreciated by those skilled in the art that yet other
modifications could be made to the provided invention without
deviating from its spirit and scope as claimed.
* * * * *