U.S. patent application number 11/142126 was filed with the patent office on 2005-10-20 for interior trim component and method of forming same.
This patent application is currently assigned to GlobalTex 2000, Ltd.. Invention is credited to Armstrong, Dave, Cecchin, Euclide, DiBartolomeo, Mario, Fichtenthal, Helmut Nicolaus, Syed, Joseph Omar, Wilson, Doug.
Application Number | 20050230879 11/142126 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 23315766 |
Filed Date | 2005-10-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050230879 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Cecchin, Euclide ; et
al. |
October 20, 2005 |
Interior trim component and method of forming same
Abstract
An interior trim component is formed utilizing an injection
molding apparatus having first and second molds. The component
includes a laminate and a polymer. The laminate includes a face
layer having a finished and unfinished side, an adhesive layer
bonded to the unfinished side, and a barrier bonded to the adhesive
layer. The barrier includes a non-woven textile weighing at least
80 g/m.sup.2. The laminate is positioned in the first mold such
that the barrier is exposed to face the second mold. The apparatus
is moved into a closed position and a cavity is established between
the barrier and the second mold. The polymer is injected into the
cavity at a pressure of at least 500 psi. The polymer reacts with
the barrier to bond the laminate to the polymer and to form the
interior trim component without the polymer penetrating through the
barrier and into the face layer.
Inventors: |
Cecchin, Euclide; (Windsor,
CA) ; Fichtenthal, Helmut Nicolaus; (Kerzers, CH)
; Syed, Joseph Omar; (La Salle, CA) ;
DiBartolomeo, Mario; (Amherstburg, CA) ; Armstrong,
Dave; (La Salle, CA) ; Wilson, Doug;
(Burlington, CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
HOWARD & HOWARD ATTORNEYS, P.C.
THE PINEHURST OFFICE CENTER, SUITE #101
39400 WOODWARD AVENUE
BLOOMFIELD HILLS
MI
48304-5151
US
|
Assignee: |
GlobalTex 2000, Ltd.
|
Family ID: |
23315766 |
Appl. No.: |
11/142126 |
Filed: |
June 1, 2005 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
11142126 |
Jun 1, 2005 |
|
|
|
10285259 |
Oct 31, 2002 |
|
|
|
60336369 |
Oct 31, 2001 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
264/250 ;
264/259 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B32B 5/26 20130101; B29C
2045/14844 20130101; B29C 45/14811 20130101; B29K 2105/0818
20130101; B29L 2031/3041 20130101; B29K 2715/006 20130101; B32B
7/12 20130101; B29K 2995/0067 20130101; B29K 2713/00 20130101; B29C
2045/14532 20130101; B29C 45/14467 20130101; B29L 2031/3011
20130101; B29L 2031/3014 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
264/250 ;
264/259 |
International
Class: |
B32B 001/08 |
Claims
1-13. (canceled)
14. An interior trim component comprising: a laminate having a face
layer with a finished and unfinished side, an adhesive layer bonded
to said unfinished side of said face layer, and a barrier layer
bonded to said adhesive layer, wherein said barrier layer comprises
a non-woven textile weighing at least 140 g/m.sup.2; and a polymer
reactive with said barrier layer such that said laminate is bonded
to said polymer without said polymer penetrating through said
barrier layer and into said face layer.
15. (canceled)
16. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 wherein
said non-woven textile weighs from 140 to 160 g/m.sup.2.
17. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 wherein
said non-woven textile is further defined as needled fleece.
18. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 wherein
said non-woven textile is selected from the group consisting of
needled fleece, polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, foam, and
combinations thereof.
19. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 wherein
said polymer is injection molded, to bond said laminate to said
polymer via said barrier layer, at an injection pressure of at
least 500 psi.
20. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 wherein
said polymer is injection molded, to bond said laminate to said
polymer via said barrier layer, at an injection temperature of from
350 to 575.degree. F.
21. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 wherein
said polymer is selected from the group consisting of ABS,
polycarbonate, nylon, polypropylene, and combinations thereof.
22. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 further
comprising a fiber disposed in said polymer for reinforcing said
polymer.
23. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 wherein
said face layer of said laminate is selected from the group
consisting of polyester warp knits, circular knits, non-woven
polyesters, non-woven polypropylenes, rashel fabrics, nylon, and
combinations thereof.
24. An interior trim component as set forth in claim 14 further
comprising a second laminate bonded to said polymer opposite said
laminate, wherein said second laminate also has a barrier layer
comprising a non-woven textile weighing at least 80 g/m.sup.2 for
preventing said polymer from penetrating through said barrier layer
of said second laminate and into a face layer of said second
laminate.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This patent application claims priority to and all
advantages of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/336,369,
which was filed on Oct. 31, 2001.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The subject invention generally relates to an interior trim
component for use in a passenger compartment of a vehicle or truck.
The subject invention also relates to a method of forming the
interior trim component.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Laminates are often used in the automotive industry for
interior trim components such as armrests, consoles, headrests,
pillars, and vehicle seats. A typical lamination process uses a
flat bed laminator in conjunction with a continuous belt conveyor
to form the laminate. Layers of materials that are to be laminated
are fed to the laminator by the conveyor. The laminate is formed
when the laminator heats the layers of materials, applies pressure
to bond these layers together, and then cools the bonded
layers.
[0004] Current processes require that the laminate first be created
and then die cut to a particular contour to fit a particular
interior trim component, such as an A pillar. Separately, an
interior of the component is injection molded, and then the
laminate is tightly wrapped and stitched, stapled, or glued about
the interior to form the component. In other words, in the prior
art, a three step process is required to form the interior trim
component. Such processes, which typically include the steps of
forming the laminate, separately injection molding the interior of
the component, and attaching the laminate to the interior of the
component, are inefficient and costly.
[0005] Additionally, when the interior of the component is
separately formed and the laminate is subsequently attached to the
interior, any space between the laminate and the interior allows
the laminate to expand or contract under the temperatures that are
realized in a passenger compartment of a vehicle or truck. For
example, the passenger compartment can realize temperatures above
79 degrees C. in summer months, resulting in considerable expansion
of the laminate and undesirable slack between the laminate and the
interior. On the other hand, in winter months, the passenger
compartment can realize temperatures well below 0 degrees C.,
resulting in considerable contraction of the laminate and
undesirable tears, or other defects, in the laminate.
[0006] Furthermore, it is generally understood that if the laminate
includes a barrier layer, such as in low-pressure injection
molding, the barrier layer of the laminate functions to establish a
resistive barrier between the interior of the component and the
face layer of the laminate so that the interior of the component
does not affect the aesthetic, decorative, textile-like appearance
of the face layer. The barrier layers utilized in the laminates of
the prior art are deficient. For example, in low-pressure injection
molding, where the interior of the component may be injection
molded, not separate from, but in combination with the laminate,
the barrier layers are not heavy enough to prevent the interior of
the component, such as a polymer that is being injection molded,
from penetrating into the face layer. Furthermore, the types of
barrier layers used in low-pressure injection molding cannot
withstand the extreme pressures and temperatures associated with
high-pressure injection molding where pillars and the like are
produced. Accordingly, these particular barrier layers cannot be
suitably applied to high-pressure injection molding.
[0007] Due to the deficiencies in the interior components and the
methods of the prior art, including those described above, it is
desirable to provide an interior trim component and a method of
forming the interior trim component where the barrier layer
functions to adequately prevent the interior of the component from
interfering with the decorative appearance of the face layer of the
laminate, even in a high-pressure injection molding method. It is
also an advantage of the present invention that the laminate is
positioned in an injection molding apparatus before the interior of
the component is injection molded such that the laminate can bond
with a polymer that forms the interior, during the molding method,
thereby reducing associated costs of material covering, including
labor, while also virtually eliminating any space between the
laminate and the interior.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGES
[0008] An interior trim component and a method of forming the
interior trim component are disclosed. The method of forming the
interior trim component utilizes an injection molding apparatus.
The injection molding apparatus has a first mold tool and a second
mold tool. The interior trim component includes a laminate and a
polymer. The laminate more specifically includes a face layer, an
adhesive layer, and a barrier layer. The face layer has a finished
side and an unfinished side, and the adhesive layer is bonded to
the unfinished side of the face layer. The barrier layer, which is
bonded to the adhesive layer, comprises a non-woven textile
weighing at least 80 g/m.sup.2. The polymer is reactive with the
barrier layer of the laminate such that the laminate is bonded to
the polymer without the polymer penetrating through the barrier
layer and into the face layer.
[0009] The method more specifically includes the step of
positioning the laminate in the first mold tool. As a result, the
barrier layer of the laminate is exposed to face the second mold
tool. Once the laminate is positioned in the first mold tool, one
of the first and second mold tools is moved toward the other of the
first and second mold tools such that the injection molding
apparatus is in a closed position. In the closed position, a cavity
is established between the barrier layer and an inner surface of
the second mold tool. The polymer is then injected into the cavity
at an injection pressure of at least 500 psi. Once in the cavity,
the polymer reacts with the barrier layer to bond the laminate to
the polymer and form the interior trim component. The barrier layer
prevents the polymer from penetrating through the barrier layer and
into the face layer.
[0010] Accordingly, the subject invention provides an interior trim
component and a method of forming the interior trim component where
the barrier layer functions to adequately prevent the interior of
the component from interfering with the decorative appearance of
the face layer of the laminate, even in a high-pressure injection
molding
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Other advantages of the present invention will be readily
appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to
the following detailed description when considered in connection
with the accompanying drawings wherein:
[0012] FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional side view of a laminate
according to the subject invention illustrating a face layer, an
adhesive layer, and a barrier layer;
[0013] FIG. 1B is an exploded cross-sectional side view of the
laminate of FIG. 1A;
[0014] FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional side view of an injection
molding apparatus having a first mold tool and a second mold tool
with the laminate positioned in the first mold tool such that the
barrier layer is exposed to face the second mold tool;
[0015] FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional side view of the injection
molding apparatus of FIG. 2A in a closed position such that a
cavity is established;
[0016] FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional side view of the injection
molding apparatus of FIG. 2B with a polymer being injected into the
cavity;
[0017] FIG. 3A is a side view of an interior trim component formed
in the injection molding apparatus of FIG. 2C;
[0018] FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the interior trim component
of FIG. 3A;
[0019] FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional side view of the injection
molding apparatus with the laminate positioned in the first mold
tool and a second laminate positioned in the second mold tool such
that a barrier layer of the second laminate is exposed to face the
barrier layer of the laminate in the first mold tool;
[0020] FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional side view of the injection
molding apparatus of FIG. 4A in the closed position such that the
cavity is established between the barrier layer of the second
laminate in the second mold tool and the barrier layer of the
laminate in the first mold tool;
[0021] FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional side view of the injection
molding apparatus of FIG. 4B with the polymer being injected into
the cavity;
[0022] FIG. 5A is a side view of an interior trim component formed
in the injection molding apparatus of FIG. 4C having the laminate
and the second laminate; and
[0023] FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the interior trim component
of FIG. 5A.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0024] Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate
like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, an
interior trim component, or part, is generally disclosed at 10. The
method of forming the interior trim component 10 utilizes an
injection molding apparatus having a first mold tool 12 and a
second mold tool 14. As disclosed in the Figures, the first mold
tool 12 is arranged as a lower mold tool and the second mold tool
14 is arranged as an upper mold tool. However, this arrangement is
not critical to the subject invention. For instance, the opposite
may be true. The first mold tool 12 may be arranged as an upper
mold tool and the second mold tool 14 may be arranged as a lower
mold tool. Furthermore, the first and second mold tools 12, 14 may
be arranged as right and left mold tools, or vice versa. Various
injection molding apparatuses known to those skilled in the art may
be utilized and only the first and second mold tools 12, 14 of the
injection molding apparatus are disclosed in the Figures The
interior trim component 10 formed according to the method of the
subject invention is formed in high-pressure injection molding
methods and is utilized as a headliner or a pillar, such as an A,
B, C, or D pillar, of a passenger compartment of a vehicle or
truck. It is most preferred that the interior trim component 10 is
an A pillar formed in a high-pressure injection molding method.
[0025] The interior trim component 10 comprises a laminate 16 and a
polymer 18. The polymer 18 is described below. Referring primarily
to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the laminate 16 comprises a face layer 20, and
adhesive layer 22, and a barrier layer 24. The face layer 20 has a
finished side 26 and an unfinished side 28, and the adhesive layer
22 is bonded to the unfinished side 28 of the face layer 20. The
barrier layer 24 is bonded to the adhesive layer 22.
[0026] Preferably, the face layer 20 of the laminate 16 is selected
from the group consisting of polyester warp knits, circular knits,
non-woven polyesters, non-woven polypropylenes, rashel fabrics,
nylon, and combinations thereof. Alternatively, the face layer 20
may comprise any other material that is suitable for a headliner or
a pillar. Since the face layer 20 is visible in the passenger
compartment, allowing customers to choose from a wide range of
materials best suits each customer's own personal preference.
[0027] The adhesive layer 22 comprises a thermoplastic adhesive in
a powder, adhesive web, or adhesive film form. Additionally, a
heat-and humidity-reactive hot melt can be used in a powder,
granule, or pellet form. While the preferred embodiment employs a
web adhesive weighing approximately 16 g/m.sup.2, any other
appropriate adhesive may be selected provided that the adhesive
offers a high viscosity, heat resistance, and melting point. Since,
as described below, the injection step occurs at high temperatures,
an adhesive having a viscosity, heat resistance, or melting point
that is too low risks being reactivated during the injection
process which is undesirable.
[0028] The barrier layer 24 of the laminate 16 comprises a
non-woven textile weighing at least 80 g/m.sup.2. Preferably, the
non-woven textile weighs from 80 to 250 g/m.sup.2, and in the most
preferred embodiment of the subject invention, the non-woven
textile weighs from 140 to 160 g/m.sup.2. The weight of the barrier
layer 24 is indicative of the ability of the barrier layer 24 to
prevent the polymer 18 from penetrating through the barrier layer
24. The barrier layer 24 is felt-like. One suitable barrier layer
24 is commercially available from FILC d. d. Menges of Slovenia as
"Barrier/Non-Woven."
[0029] The non-woven textile may be selected from the group
consisting of needled fleece, polyester fibers, polypropylene
fibers, foam, and combinations thereof. The non-woven textile may
also be a thermostable cushion. However, in the most preferred
embodiment of the subject invention, the non-woven textile is
needled fleece having a weight of 150 g/m.sup.2. Any suitable
non-woven textile is preferably needle punched to achieve the
functions of the barrier layer 24. It is also possible that the
barrier layer 24 also include a barrier film.
[0030] As described additionally below, due to its weight, the
barrier layer 24 prevents the polymer 18, upon and during
injection, from penetrating into the face layer 20. Keeping the
polymer 18 away from the face layer 20 ensures that the face layer
20 maintains a decorative, textile-like appearance. Additionally,
the barrier layer 24 functions to allow the polymer 18 to securely
attach to the laminate 16.
[0031] The method of the subject invention includes the step of
forming the laminate 16 utilizing a laminator, preferably a
flat-bed laminator not shown in the Figures, before the laminate 16
is positioned in the first mold tool 12. The step of positioning
the laminate 16 in the first mold tool 12 is described subsequently
below. As understood by those skilled in the art, various types of
laminators may be used depending on the materials used for the face
layer 20, the adhesive layer 22, and the barrier layer 24. The face
layer 20, the adhesive layer 22, and the barrier layer 24 are
assembled in the laminator. Alternatively, the face layer 20, the
adhesive layer 22, and the barrier layer 24 can be assembled and
then place into the laminator. For example, the individual layers
may be assembled and then fed into the laminator via a conveyor.
Once assembled and in the laminator, the face layer 20, the
adhesive layer 22, and the barrier layer 24 are fused to form the
laminate 16.
[0032] If, for example, the laminator is the flat-bed laminator,
then the face layer 20, the adhesive layer 22, and the barrier
layer 24 are assembled on a tray of the flat-bed laminator. A press
of the flat-bed laminator then causes the layers to be fused under
increased pressure. Of course, during this fusion step, the
flat-bed laminator is activated to heat the layers and then
undergoes a cooling process to form the complete laminate 16.
Typical ranges of settings for flat-bed laminators include 250
degrees Fahrenheit to 350 degrees Fahrenheit for temperature
applied during the heating process, 10 seconds to 30 seconds dwell
time, and 10 psi to 50 psi for pressure applied during the
laminating process. The cooling process uses 38 degrees Fahrenheit
to 55 degrees Fahrenheit as the temperature for cooling water in a
cooling zone of the flat-bed laminator as part of the cooling
process.
[0033] The method also includes the step of die-cutting the
laminate 16 after the laminate 16 has been formed, i.e., assembled
and fused. The laminate 16 may be die-cut to precisely fit the mold
tools 12, 14. Alternatively, the laminate 16 may be placed directly
into the mold tools 12, 14, without die-cutting, and then cut after
forming of the interior trim component 10.
[0034] Once the laminate 16 is formed, the method of the subject
invention includes the step of positioning the laminate 16 in the
first mold tool 12 such that the barrier layer 24 is exposed to
face the second mold tool 14. This step is represented in FIG. 2A.
Referring now to FIG. 2B, once the laminate 16 is positioned in the
first mold tool 12, one of the first and second mold tools 12, 14
is moved toward the other of the first and second mold tools 12,
14. As such, the injection molding apparatus is in a closed
position and a cavity 30 is established between the barrier layer
24 and an inner surface of the second mold tool 14. It is to be
understood that the mold tool that moves to place the injection
molding apparatus in the closed position is not critical to the
subject invention. For instance, in the Figures, the second mold
tool 14 moves toward the first mold tool 12 to place the injection
molding apparatus in the closed position. However, the opposite may
be true. That is, the first mold tool 12 may move upwardly toward
the second mold tool 14 to place the injection molding apparatus in
the closed position. In fact, in certain embodiments, both the
first and second mold tools 12, 14 may move toward one another to
place the injection molding apparatus in the closed position.
[0035] Referring now to FIG. 2C, the polymer 18 is injected into
the cavity 30 at an injection pressure of at least 500 psi. More
preferably, the polymer 18 is injected into the cavity 30 at
injection pressures ranging from 500 to 2500 psi. Furthermore, it
is preferred that the polymer 18 is injected into the cavity 30 at
an injection pressure of from 350 to 575.degree. F. Other settings
applied to the first and second mold tools 12, 14 vary, as known to
those skilled in the art, based on the particular type of injection
molding apparatus and also on the type of polymer 18 and laminate
16. However, preferably these other settings are a cycle time of
from 10 seconds to 3.5 minutes and a clamp pressure of from 20 to
5,000 tons.
[0036] The polymer 18 is selected from the group consisting of ABS,
polycarbonate, nylon, polypropylene, and combinations thereof.
Alternatively, the polymer 18 may be any other material suitable
for automotive interior applications and capable of being injection
molded. Additionally, it is possible that a fiber 32 may be
disposed in the polymer 18 to reinforce, and otherwise strengthen,
the polymer 18.
[0037] Once injected into the cavity 30, the polymer 18 reacts with
the barrier layer 24 to bond the laminate 16 to the polymer 18 and
form the interior trim component 10 of the subject invention
without the polymer 18 penetrating through the barrier layer 24 and
into the face layer 20. That is, during and throughout the
injection of the polymer 18, the barrier layer 24 prevents the
polymer 18 from interfering with the face layer 20 of the laminate
16. The polymer 18 bonds with the laminate 16 as the polymer 18 and
laminate 16 cool. This bond secures the laminate 16 to the polymer
18 to form the interior trim component 10.
[0038] Referring now to FIGS. 3A and 3B, following the injection of
the polymer 18, the interior trim component 10 is removed from the
first and second mold tools 12, 14 with the laminate 16
automatically and securely bonded to the polymer 18. The side and
perspective views of FIGS. 3A and 3B, respectively, show that only
the face layer 20 is visible where the mold is bonded with laminate
16. In this embodiment, opposite the face layer 20, the polymer 18
is exposed.
[0039] Referring now to FIGS. 4A through 4C, the interior trim
component 10 may further comprise a second laminate 34. Although
the second laminate 34 is not required, it is most preferred that
if the second laminate 34 is included, then it is identical to the
laminate 16 such that the second laminate 34 also has a face layer
20, an adhesive layer 22, and a barrier layer 24. As a result, the
barrier layer 24 of the second laminate 34 also comprises a
non-woven textile weighing at least 80 g/m.sup.2.
[0040] As disclosed specifically in FIG. 4A, the method includes
the step of positioning the second laminate 34 in the second mold
tool 14 such that the barrier layer 24 of the second laminate 34 is
exposed to face the barrier layer 24 of the laminate 16 in the
first mold tool 12. As such, in this embodiment and as disclosed in
FIG. 4B, the cavity 30 is now established between the barrier layer
24 of the second laminate 34 in the second mold tool 14 and the
barrier layer 24 of the laminate 16 in the first mold tool 12 when
the injection molding apparatus is in the closed position.
Referring particularly to FIG. 4C, the polymer 18 is injected into
the cavity 30 such that the polymer 18 reacts with both barrier
layers 24 to bond both the laminate 16 and the second laminate 34
to the polymer 18 and form the interior trim component 10 having
laminates 16 on both its sides. In this embodiment, both of the
barrier layers 24 prevent the polymer 18 from penetrating through
the barrier layers 24 and into the face layers 20.
[0041] Referring now to FIGS. 5A and 5B, following the injection of
the polymer 18, the interior trim component 10 is removed from the
first and second mold tools 12, 14 with both the laminate 16 and
the second laminate 34 automatically and securely bonded to the
polymer 18. The side and perspective views of FIGS. 5A and 5B,
respectively, show that only the face layer 20 of the laminate 16
is visible where the mold is bonded with laminate 16 and only the
face layer 20 of the second laminate 34 is visible where the mold
is bonded with the second laminate 34. The interior trim component
10 of this embodiment includes decorative face layers 20 on both of
its sides.
[0042] The advantages of the present invention can now be
recognized. The laminate 16 may be used in both high-pressure and
low-pressure injection molding methods. In addition, the laminate
16 may be used in injection molding methods of polymers 18 with
blowing or expanding additives, such as MUCELL. This versatility,
in conjunction with a method requiring less steps where the
laminate 16 does not have to be separately stitched or otherwise
secured to the polymer 18, results in a manufacturer cost savings.
Additionally, by fusing the polymer 18 with the laminate 16, it is
unlikely that the laminate 16 will become too loose or too taut
during normal use, i.e., various temperatures. The use of the face
layer 20 strengthens this outcome.
[0043] Aesthetically, a versatile choice for the face layer 20
allows the customer to choose a material most pleasing to their
tastes. By color matching the face layer 20 to the barrier layer
24, a nick or a scratch in the face layer 20 reveals only the
same-colored barrier layer 24 underneath, minimizing the impact of
nicks and scratches on the appearance of a vehicle interior.
Additionally, a color chosen for the barrier layer 24 can function
to intensify or mute the color of the face layer 20 if the face
layer 20 is thin enough for the barrier layer 24 to show through.
Many variations are possible regarding layer thicknesses as well. A
thin face layer 20 can be paired with a thick barrier layer 24.
Conversely, a thick face layer 20 may allow for a lighter barrier
layer 24. If both the face layer 20 and the barrier layer 24 chosen
are heavy, the resulting laminate 16 will likely have a soft touch
feel which may be desirable to some customers.
[0044] It can thus be seen that the subject invention provides an
interior trim component 10 and a method of forming the interior
trim component 10 where the laminate 16 is positioned into the
injection molding apparatus prior to injection of the polymer 18
such that the laminate 16 bonds with the polymer 18 molding, i.e.,
during the injection step. Therefore, associated costs, including
labor, of covering the polymer 18 with the laminate 16 are reduced
and any space between the laminate 16 and the polymer 18 is
virtually eliminated.
[0045] The invention has been described in an illustrative manner,
and it is to be understood that the terminology which has been used
is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than
of limitation. Obviously, many modifications and variations of the
present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It
is, therefore, to be understood that reference numerals are
utilized merely for convenience and are not to be limiting in any
way, and that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as
specifically described.
* * * * *