U.S. patent application number 10/802098 was filed with the patent office on 2005-09-22 for method and system for automatically parking vehicles.
This patent application is currently assigned to SPRINGWATER INVESTMENTS LLC. Invention is credited to Springwater, Richard.
Application Number | 20050207876 10/802098 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34986466 |
Filed Date | 2005-09-22 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050207876 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Springwater, Richard |
September 22, 2005 |
Method and system for automatically parking vehicles
Abstract
An automatic parking system having at least one parking level,
the system comprises a plurality of transporters moveable in any
direction about the parking level, wherein each transporter is
adapted to hold a vehicle thereupon; at least one central computer
that is configured to wirelessly direct one of the transporters to
move to a desired location to form at least one arrival and/or
retrieval circulation path. The system includes a transporter
tracking system which tracks the locations of each transporter; and
alternatively, at least one lift mechanism which vertically
transports the transporter to a desired parking level. The system
includes access bays configured to position an arriving vehicle
onto and remove an exiting vehicle from the transporter. The system
preferably includes storage devices to accept, release and recharge
one or more transporters. The system preferably includes entry
stations which measure the vehicle dimensions.
Inventors: |
Springwater, Richard; (San
Francisco, CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
FLIESLER MEYER, LLP
FOUR EMBARCADERO CENTER
SUITE 400
SAN FRANCISCO
CA
94111
US
|
Assignee: |
SPRINGWATER INVESTMENTS LLC
SAN FRANCISCO
CA
|
Family ID: |
34986466 |
Appl. No.: |
10/802098 |
Filed: |
March 16, 2004 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
414/231 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04H 6/24 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
414/231 |
International
Class: |
E04H 006/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An automatic parking system having at least one parking level
comprising: a. a plurality of transporters moveable in any
direction about the parking level, each transporter adapted to hold
a vehicle thereupon; and b. at least one computer configured to
wirelessly direct at least one of the transporters to move to a
desired location to form at least one circulation path.
2. The parking system according to claim 1 wherein the circulation
path is an arrival path.
3. The parking system according to claim 1 wherein the circulation
path is a retrieval path.
4. The parking system according to claim 1 further comprising a
transporter tracking system coupled to the computer, wherein the
transporter tracking system tracks locations of each
transporter.
5. The parking system according to claim 1 wherein the computer
selects a protocol upon one or more predetermined factors, wherein
the protocol is wirelessly transmitted to one or more selected
transporters.
6. The parking system according to claim 1 wherein each transporter
further comprises a plurality of wheel assemblies, wherein each
wheel assembly is rotatable to any desired angle with respect to a
vertical axis.
7. The parking system according to claim 6 wherein each transporter
further comprises an onboard computer configured to control
operation of each wheel assembly independently of one another.
8. The parking system according to claim 7 wherein the onboard
computer is configured to ensure that the transporter maintains a
projected course.
9. The parking system according to claim 6 wherein the operation of
the wheel assembly further comprises independently steering each
wheel assembly to a desired angle.
10. The parking system according to claim 6 wherein the operation
of the wheel assembly further comprises independently driving each
wheel assembly at a desired speed.
11. The parking system according to claim 1 wherein each
transporter further comprises an onboard computer configured to
control operation of the transporter.
12. The parking system according to claim 11 wherein each
transporter further comprises a communication system coupled to the
onboard computer, wherein the communication system sends and
receives signals to the at least one computer.
13. The parking system according to claim 1 wherein each
transporter further comprises a rechargeable battery for powering
one or more components of the transporter.
14. The parking system according to claim 1 wherein each
transporter further comprises at least one proximity sensor located
thereon, the at least one proximity sensor configured to maintain a
predetermined distance between the transporter and an external
object.
15. The parking system according to claim 1 further comprising at
least one lifting mechanism for vertically transporting the
transporter to a desired parking level, wherein the at least one
lifting mechanism is directed to the desired parking level by the
computer.
16. The parking system according to claim 1 further comprising at
least one access bay configured to properly position an arriving
vehicle onto the transporter.
17. The parking system according to claim 16 wherein the at least
one access bay further comprises at least one moveable tire
guide.
18. The parking system according to claim 16 wherein the at least
one access bay further comprises at least one moveable tire
stopper.
19. The parking system according to claim 1 further comprising at
least one access bay configured to properly remove an exiting
vehicle from the transporter.
20. The parking system according to claim 1 further comprising a
storage device configured to store the transporters therein,
wherein the storage device is directed to selectively accept and
release one or more transporters by the computer.
21. The parking system according to claim 20 wherein the storage
device further comprises a recharging port configured to recharge a
rechargeable battery of the transporter when stored therein.
22. The parking system according to claim 1 further comprising one
or more entry stations configured to initially receive an arriving
vehicle, the one or more entry stations including at least one
device for measuring dimensions of the arriving vehicle.
23. An automatic parking system having at least one parking level,
the system comprising: a. a plurality of transporters adapted to
hold a vehicle thereupon, each transporter configured to be
moveable in any direction about the at least one parking level; and
b. a central computer for wirelessly directing a selected
transporter to a designated location.
24. The parking system according to claim 23 wherein the designated
location at least partially creates a circulation path, wherein the
circulation path allows an arriving vehicle and transporter to be
stored in a designated parking space.
25. The parking system according to claim 23 wherein the designated
location at least partially creates a circulation path, wherein the
circulation path allows a vehicle and transporter stored in a
parking space to be retrieved.
26. The parking system according to claim 23 further comprising a
transporter tracking system coupled to the central computer,
wherein the transporter tracking system tracks locations of each
transporter.
27. The parking system according to claim 23 wherein the central
computer selects a protocol upon one or more predetermined factors,
wherein the protocol is wirelessly transmitted to one or more
selected transporters.
28. The parking system according to claim 23 wherein each
transporter further comprises a plurality of wheel assemblies,
wherein each wheel assembly is rotatable to any desired angle with
respect to a vertical axis.
29. The parking system according to claim 23 wherein each
transporter further comprises an onboard computer configured to
control operation of the transporter.
30. The parking system according to claim 29 wherein each
transporter further comprises an onboard computer configured to
control operation of each wheel assembly independently of one
another.
31. The parking system according to claim 30 wherein the onboard
computer is configured to ensure that the transporter maintains a
projected course.
32. The parking system according to claim 30 wherein the operation
of the wheel assembly further comprises independently steering each
wheel assembly to a desired angle.
33. The parking system according to claim 30 wherein the operation
of the wheel assembly further comprises independently driving each
wheel assembly at a desired speed.
34. The parking system according to claim 28 wherein each
transporter further comprises a communication system coupled to the
onboard computer, wherein the communication system sends and
receives signals to the central computer.
35. The parking system according to claim 23 wherein each
transporter further comprises a rechargeable battery for powering
one or more components of the transporter.
36. The parking system according to claim 23 wherein each
transporter further comprises at least one proximity sensor located
thereon, the at least one proximity sensor configured to maintain a
predetermined distance between the transporter and an external
object.
37. The parking system according to claim 23 further comprising at
least one lifting mechanism for vertically transporting the
transporter to a desired parking level, wherein the at least one
lifting mechanism is directed to the desired parking level by the
computer.
38. The parking system according to claim 23 further comprising at
least one access bay configured to properly position an arriving
vehicle onto the transporter.
39. The parking system according to claim 38 wherein the at least
one access bay further comprises at least one sensor located
therein, the at least one device for measuring dimensions of the
arriving vehicle.
40. The parking system according to claim 23 further comprising at
least one access bay configured to properly remove an exiting
vehicle from the transporter.
41. The parking system according to claim 23 further comprising a
storage device configured to store the transporters therein,
wherein the storage device is directed to selectively accept and
release one or more transporters by the computer.
42. The parking system according to claim 41 wherein the storage
device further comprises a recharging port configured to recharge a
rechargeable battery of the transporter when stored therein.
43. The parking system according to claim 23 further comprising one
or more entry stations configured to initially receive an arriving
vehicle, the one or more entry stations including at least one
device for measuring dimensions of the arriving vehicle.
44. A transporter adapted to hold a vehicle thereupon and move the
vehicle to one or more locations in a parking level, the
transporter comprising: a. a body; b. a plurality of wheel
assemblies coupled to the body, wherein each wheel assembly is
rotatable to any angle about an axis and configured to move the
transporter in any direction; and c. an onboard computer coupled to
the body and configured to control operation of the wheel
assemblies.
45. The transporter according to claim 44 wherein the transporter
further comprises a communication system coupled to the onboard
computer, wherein the communication system wirelessly sends and
receives signals with a central computer.
46. The transporter according to claim 45 wherein the transporter
moves to the one or more locations by executing one or more
instructions wirelessly received from the central computer.
47. The transporter according to claim 45 wherein the transporter
wirelessly communicates its position to a transporter tracking
system.
48. The transporter according to claim 44 wherein each wheel
assembly is configured to be set at any angle in a 360 degree
rotation with respect to the axis.
49. The transporter according to claim 44 wherein each wheel
assembly is independently operable by the onboard computer.
50. The transporter according to claim 44 wherein each wheel
assembly is independently steerable by the onboard computer.
51. The transporter according to claim 44 wherein each wheel
assembly is independently driveable by the onboard computer.
52. The transporter according to claim 44 wherein each transporter
further comprises a rechargeable battery for powering one or more
components of the transporters, the rechargeable battery coupled to
a recharging port.
53. The transporter according to claim 44 wherein each transporter
further comprises at least one proximity sensor located thereon,
the at least one proximity sensor configured to maintain a
predetermined distance between the transporter and an external
object.
54. The transporter according to claim 44 wherein the onboard
computer is configured to ensure that the transporter maintains a
projected course.
55. A method of automatically moving a vehicle to or from a parking
space comprising: a. selecting a protocol depending on at least one
predetermined factor; and b. transmitting instruction relating to
the protocol to an omni-directional transporter, wherein the
transporter executes the instruction and to move to a designated
location in compliance with the selected protocol.
56. The method according to claim 55 wherein the transporter moving
to the designated location at least partially creates a circulation
path, wherein the circulation path allows the vehicle to be stored
in the parking space.
57. The method according to claim 55 wherein the transporter moving
to the designated location at least partially creates a circulation
path, wherein the circulation path allows a vehicle and transporter
stored in the parking space to be retrieved.
58. The method according to claim 55 further comprising tracking
movement of the transporter in the garage, wherein the movement of
the transporter is compared to the protocol.
59. The method according to claim 55 further comprising ensuring
movement of the transporter is in compliance with a projected
course associated with the protocol.
60. The method according to claim 55 further comprising
transmitting instruction relating to the protocol to a lift
mechanism, wherein the lift mechanism is an intermediate designated
location and is configured to vertically transport the transporter
to the designated location.
61. The method according to claim 55 further comprising
transmitting instruction relating to the protocol to a storage
mechanism, the storage mechanism being the designated location and
configured to store the transporter.
62. The method according to claim 55 further comprising
transmitting instruction relating to the protocol to an access bay,
the access bay being the designated location and configured to
receive the transporter.
63. An automatic parking system having at least one parking level,
the system comprising: a. means for transporting a vehicle, wherein
the means for transporting adapted to hold a vehicle thereupon, the
means for transporting configured to be moveable in any direction
along the at least one parking level; and b. means for directing
the means for transporting to a designated location to create a
circulation path.
64. A parking system configured to selectively store or retrieve a
vehicle on a parking level, the parking system comprising: a. a
central computer configured to select a parking space for the
vehicle, wherein the central computer wireless transmits a protocol
for storing the vehicle in the parking space; and b. a transporter
further comprising: i. a body adapted to hold the vehicle
thereupon; ii. a plurality of wheel assemblies coupled to the body
and rotatable about an axis to any angle, wherein the wheel
assemblies allow the transporter to move in any direction on the
parking level; iii. an onboard computer coupled to the wheel
assemblies and configured to operate the wheel assemblies; and iv.
a communication system configured to wirelessly receive the
protocol from the central computer, wherein the onboard computer
executes the received protocol to move the transporter to the
parking space.
65. An automatic parking system having at least one parking level
and a plurality of vehicle transporting devices configured to carry
a vehicle in any desired direction on the parking level, the system
comprising a central computer for selecting one or more dynamic
circulation paths and instructing one or more vehicle transporting
devices in the plurality to move in one or more desired directions
to establish the one or more dynamic circulation paths.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates generally to a parking
structure and in particular, to a method and system of
automatically parking vehicles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Existing automated parking garages and associated
technologies pursue the goal of reducing the average amount of
space required to park a car. The most rudimentary form of
automated parking involves replacing ramps with an elevator or lift
system. More sophisticated systems employ materials handling
technologies to maneuver vehicles on systems of vertical lifts and
horizontal tracks. Over the years, a variety of such systems have
been described. The major distinctions are that the existing
systems employ pallets or direct carrier mechanisms or such systems
are exclusively vertical, or combine horizontal and vertical
movement mechanisms.
[0003] Several systems employ pallets to support vehicles during
the handling process. In these pallet-based systems, the customer
arrives at the parking garage and drives his or her car onto a
pallet assigned to it for the duration of its storage. A carrier
then arrives from a location within the garage and lifts the
pallet. The carrier then moves the pallet to a parking space on the
same floor or to a lift that carries the pallet to a different
floor. If the pallet is moved to a different floor, a different
carrier meets the pallet at the lift and moves the pallet to its
assigned storage location. The floor plan of such garages is
organized by a perpendicular arrangement of longitudinal
circulation tracks and transverse tracks that provide access for
the carrier to store and retrieve the pallets. Typically, a carrier
transports a pallet to the intersection adjacent to the designated
storage location, and a mechanism transfers the pallet off of the
carrier into the storage position on the transverse track. The
depth of storage of the pallets along the transverse axis is
generally limited to the space adjacent to the circulation track,
plus one or two additional tandem spaces. The space is limited due
to the difficulty of shuffling pallets to positions adjacent to the
circulation track which are accessible to the carriers. This system
is also disadvantageous, because the entire parking structure must
be built and configured to allow the carriers to move thereabout to
carry the pallets to and from their storage locations. In addition,
since the system depends on the carrier(s) to store and retrieve
the vehicles, the system may take a substantial amount of time to
retrieve or store a vehicle during peak parking/retrieval
times.
[0004] In other parking system, such as direct handling systems,
the customer drives his or her vehicle onto a cradle that supports
the vehicle's tires. A comb-like handling device then lifts the
vehicle off the cradle and carries it to its storage location,
where the vehicle is placed on another storage cradle. Where direct
handing is used in horizontal configurations, the carrier mechanism
runs along a longitudinal track and deposits vehicles on cradles
positioned adjacent to the track. Several direct-handling systems
are known that use an elevator-like mechanism and a turntable to
access storage spaces adjacent to an elevator shaft. In some prior
art garages, an elevator or crane mechanism travels along the
longitudinal axis of a multistory space, storing and retrieving
vehicles or pallets onto racks adjacent to the vertical hoist way.
These garages have the same disadvantages as the system described
above.
[0005] Thus, a universal disadvantage of the prior art systems is
that the garages are organized into dedicated areas for carrier
circulation and vehicle storage. These circulation tracks are
predetermined in the design of the installation, and the allowable
storage depth off the circulation track determines the capacity and
space efficiency of the garage. The relationship between the
longitudinal axis and the transverse storage racks also creates a
fixed modular dimension that dictates how well a given prior art
system will fit on any given piece of land or within any given
building. In addition, since circulation tracks occupy dedicated
areas, these existing systems are limited in storage efficiency by
the ratio of circulation areas to storage areas. In addition, as
stated above, during the storage/retrieval process, the carrier
mechanism for moving the vehicle must travel to the vehicle storage
space to pick up the loaded pallet and stored vehicle. The need for
the carrier to travel from its waiting position to the pallet, lift
the pallet from its storage rack, and bring the loaded pallet to
the customer delays and complicates the retrieval sequence and
storage sequence for vehicles awaiting to be stored.
[0006] In addition, all known prior art parking structures require
large amounts of on-site installation of specialized fixed
equipment within buildings built for the special purpose of
enclosing the specific prior art system. The cost of this installed
equipment and construction is not easily financed through
conventional real property capital sources.
[0007] Finally, all known prior art automated parking structures
involve highly specialized construction within buildings built to
enclose the system of tracks, racks, and lifts required by the
automated system. Prior art systems cannot easily be installed
within existing garages. Despite fifty years of invention in the
field of automated parking, most of the existing systems have not
progressed far beyond their prototype stage. The reason such
systems have not received market acceptance is the inherent
inflexibility of the prior art systems.
[0008] What is needed is a system of semi-autonomous vehicle
transporters linked through wireless connections and directed by a
central computer which can be installed in existing garages as well
as new garages constructed to optimize its benefits.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The garage of the present invention comprises a single or
multistory structure that houses a number of transporters which are
low profile, self-powered, computer-controlled vehicle carriers
that serve to move stored vehicles from place to place. The garage
also includes access bays to enable vehicles to enter onto
transporters and exit from transporters with ease. The garage
preferably includes transporter stacker mechanisms and transporter
recharging bays. In an embodiment of a multi-floor garage, the
garage includes elevators or lifts to move transporters from floor
to floor. An x-y coordinate system defines the garage space and
enables the transporters and a central computer to communicate with
each other regarding the positions of the transporters. The ability
of the computer to maneuver a large number of transporters
simultaneously eliminates the need for fixed circulation lanes and
results in the garage achieving a high vehicle density as well as
efficient time and space utilization.
[0010] Other features and advantages of the present invention will
become apparent after reviewing the detailed description of the
preferred and alternative embodiments set forth below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0011] FIGS. 1A-1C illustrate an arrival execution of the preferred
parking system in accordance with the present invention.
[0012] FIGS. 2A-2B illustrate a retrieval execution of the
preferred parking system in accordance with the present
invention.
[0013] FIGS. 3A-3B illustrate simultaneously executed arrival and
retrieval executions for two vehicles in accordance with the
present invention.
[0014] FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate different views of the transporter in
accordance with the present invention.
[0015] FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate different views of the preferred
wheel assembly of the transporter in accordance with the present
invention.
[0016] FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate different views of the preferred
access bay assembly in accordance with the present invention.
[0017] FIGS. 7A-7C illustrate various transporter stacking
assemblies in accordance with the present invention.
[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates an organizational diagram of the
components of the preferred parking system in accordance with the
present invention.
[0019] FIG. 9 illustrates an overhead view of an alternatively
configured parking system in accordance with the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0020] One aspect of the present invention is directed to an
automatic parking system which has at least one parking level. The
system comprises a plurality of transporters which are moveable in
any direction about the parking level, wherein each transporter is
adapted to hold a vehicle thereupon. The system also includes at
least one central computer that is configured to wirelessly direct
one or more of the transporters to move to a desired location to
form at least one circulation path, such as an arrival path and/or
a retrieval path.
[0021] Another aspect of the present invention is directed to an
automatic parking system which has at least one parking level. The
system comprises a plurality of transporters which are adapted to
hold a vehicle thereupon, whereby each transporter is configured to
be moveable in any direction along the one parking level. The
system also comprises a central computer for wirelessly directing a
selected transporter to a designated location.
[0022] Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a
transporter adapted to hold a vehicle thereupon. The transporter
moves the vehicle to one or more locations in a parking level. The
transporter comprises a body and a plurality of wheel assemblies
which are coupled to the body. Each wheel assembly is rotatable to
any angle about an axis and is configured to move the transporter
in any direction. The transporter comprises a computer that is
coupled to the body and is configured to control operation of the
wheel assemblies. The transporter further comprises at least one
location sensor to determine the location of the transporter within
the garage. The transporter further comprises a rechargeable
battery for powering one or more components of the transporter. The
transporter further comprises at least one proximity sensor,
whereby the proximity sensor is configured to maintain the
transporter at a predetermined minimum distance to an external
object.
[0023] Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a
parking system which is configured to selectively store or retrieve
a vehicle on a parking level. The parking system comprises a
central computer which is configured to select a parking space for
the vehicle, wherein the central computer wireless transmits a
protocol for storing the vehicle in the parking space. The parking
system comprises a transporter further comprising a body which is
adapted to hold the vehicle thereupon and a plurality of wheel
assemblies which are coupled to the body. The wheel assemblies are
rotatable about an axis to any angle, wherein the wheel assemblies
allow the transporter to move in any direction on the parking
level. The transporter comprises an onboard computer which is
coupled to the wheel assemblies and is configured to operate the
wheel assemblies. The transporter also comprises a communication
system which is configured to wirelessly receive the protocol from
the central computer, wherein the onboard computer executes the
received protocol to move the transporter to the parking space.
[0024] In yet another aspect of the present invention, a method of
automatically moving a vehicle to or from a parking space. The
method comprises selecting a protocol which depends on at least one
predetermined factor. The method includes transmitting one or more
instructions which relate to the protocol that is selected to an
omni-directional transporter. The transporter then executes the
instruction to move to a designated location in compliance with the
selected protocol.
[0025] The above-mentioned aspects of the present invention
preferably and alternatively include additional features and
embodiments described as follows. The parking system further
comprises a transporter tracking system, such as a transporter
tracking system, which tracks the locations of each transporter. If
the system is deployed on more than one floor, the parking system
further comprises at least one lifting mechanism which vertically
transports the transporter to a desired parking level, wherein the
lifting mechanism is directed to the desired parking level by the
central computer. The parking system further comprises at least one
access bay which is configured to properly position an arriving
vehicle onto the transporter as well as properly enable removal of
an exiting vehicle from the transporter. The access bay includes at
least one sensor located therein which measures the dimensions of
the arriving vehicle. The parking system further comprises a
storage device which is configured to store the transporters
therein, wherein the storage device is directed to selectively
accept and release one or more transporters by the central
computer. The storage mechanism is preferably configured to
recharge the rechargeable battery of the transporter when the
transporter is stored therein or on independent recharging docks
that are provided. The parking system further comprises one or more
entry stations which are configured to initially receive an
arriving vehicle, whereby the entry stations include at least one
device which measures dimensions of the arriving vehicle.
[0026] FIG. 1A illustrates an overhead view of the preferred
parking garage system 100 in accordance with the present invention.
In particular, FIG. 1A illustrates the access level 102 of the
automated parking garage 100. The access level 102 of the present
system 100 shown in FIG. 1A preferably includes one or more access
bays 112, a plurality of vehicle storage areas 106, one or more
elevators or lifts 110, one or more transporter storage areas 114,
and one or more circulation paths 116. The system 100 places each
vehicle 99 which is to be parked on an omni-directional,
self-propelled transporter 118 and uses a central computer 104 to
designate an initial parking space for each transporter 118 by a
protocol selected by the central computer. The system 100 includes
a transporter tracking system 108 to wirelessly track the movement
of the transporters 118 around the storage areas 106 and
circulation paths 116 according to the protocol designated and
selected by the central computer 104.
[0027] The access level 102 of the garage 100 shown in FIG. 1A is
preferably on ground level. In another embodiment, the access level
102 is above or below grade, in which the customer would reach the
access level 102 by a vehicle ramp (not shown). In addition, the
boundary of the garage 100 is enclosed by an outer wall.
Preferably, the garage 100 is a multistory structure wherein
additional vehicle storage areas 106 are located above and/or below
the access level 102 (FIG. 1B). Thus, vehicles 99 are transported
to the underground and aboveground vehicle storage area via the
elevators 110. Although FIG. 1A shows parking of vehicles 99 on the
access level 102, the garage 100 alternatively does not store cars
on the access level 102 if such space would be more valuable for
other uses, such as retail and lobby space for offices or
apartments. It should be noted that although the garage 100 shown
in FIG. 1A is substantially rectangular, the garage 100 is
alternatively any other shape and is able to operate efficiently in
any other shaped land parcel as shown in FIG. 9.
[0028] As shown in FIG. 1A, the present garage 100 includes a
central computer 104 preferably located in the garage 100. Although
the central computer 104 is shown next to the access bays 112, it
is contemplated that the central computer 104 is located anywhere
else in the garage 100. Alternatively, the central computer 104 is
located outside of the garage 100. Although one central computer
104 is described herein, each parking level 102, 202 (FIG. 1B)
alternatively has its own designated central computer which plans,
controls and manages the devices on that particular level 102, 202
(FIG. 1B). In addition, the system 100 preferably utilizes a
transporter tracking system 108 which wirelessly tracks each
transporter 118 and communicates the information to the central
computer 104. Although the transporter tracking system transceivers
108 are shown in the corners of the garage 100, the transceivers
108 are positioned in any appropriate location inside or outside of
the garage 100.
[0029] The access level 102 shown in FIG. 1A includes three access
bays 112 and access bay entries 14, three elevators or lifts 110
and four transporter stacking mechanisms 114. It is apparent to one
skilled in the art that any number of access bays 112, access bay
entries 14, elevators or lifts 110, and stackers 114 are
contemplated and are dependent on the physical garage site as well
as the type and amount of parking demand contemplated. It is also
apparent to one skilled in the art that the access bays 112, access
bay entries 14, elevators 110 and stacking mechanisms 114 are
alternatively positioned at any other location with respect to the
garage 100. For instance, some access bays 112 and elevators 110
are alternatively placed on opposite ends of the garage 100 (not
shown) such that vehicles are able to enter and exit the garage
from any or all sides of the garage 100. Alternatively, the garage
100 does not include elevators 110, access bays 112 and/or
transporter stacking mechanisms 114. It should be noted that the
designation of the storage areas 114 and circulation path 116 does
not imply that the storage area cannot become part of a circulation
path.
[0030] FIG. 1A illustrates the garage 100 geographically located
adjacent to a garage entrance lane 10. In one embodiment, the
garage entrance lane 10 is a road dedicated for the entry and exit
of vehicles from the garage 100. In another embodiment, the garage
entrance lane 10 is a municipal roadway which vehicles turn off of
when entering the garage 100 or turn onto when leaving the garage
100. It is preferred that the garage entrance lane 10 includes one
or more entry stations 12, although only one entry station 12 is
shown in FIG. 1A. Alternatively, the system 100 does not include an
entry station 12 in the adjacent roadway 10. In another alternative
embodiment, the system 100 does not include a roadway located
adjacent to the garage 100, wherein the driver simply pulls her
vehicle up to the access gates 14.
[0031] The arrival execution and operation will now be discussed in
relation to FIGS. 1A-1C. A driver customer wishing to park her
vehicle 99 arrives at an entry station 12, whereby the vehicle 99
is stopped at the lift arm or similar device at the entry station
12. One or more sensors (not shown) are preferably located at the
entry station 12. While the vehicle 99 is waiting at the lift arm
12, the sensors (not shown) positioned in the pavement (not shown)
weigh the load of the vehicle 99 and determine the dimensions of
the vehicle's 99 wheelbase, which is the distance between the front
and rear wheels. In addition, the sensors (not shown) measure the
wheel track of the vehicle 99, which is the width distance between
the wheels. In addition, the sensors (not shown) measure whether
the height of the vehicle is in compliance with the garage's
criteria. Alternatively, the sensors (not shown) are located in the
access bays 112 instead of the entry gate 12. Preferably, the
sensors (not shown) then make a determination whether the vehicle
99 is compliant with the garage's criteria. Alternatively, the
sensors (not shown) transmit the measured data to the central
computer 104, whereby the central computer 104 then makes the
determination whether the vehicle 99 is compliant with the garage's
criteria.
[0032] If the weight distribution and/or dimensions of the vehicle
99B are outside of the garage's criteria, the customer is informed
of the noncompliance through an electronic signboard or similar
graphic means located at or near the entry gate 12. The customer is
then instructed to leave the garage according to a designated route
to avoid disruption to waiting customers. The lift arm at the entry
gate 12 lifts and allows the vehicle 99B to proceed past the entry
gate 12, but does not allow the vehicle to proceed to the access
bay gate 14. Instead, the noncompliant vehicle 99 proceeds along
the entry lane 10 back into traffic.
[0033] During the entry execution, the customer is preferably asked
to provide an expected departure time. While this feature is not a
necessary aspect of the present invention, the expected departure
time enhances system performance. If the weight distribution and/or
dimensions of the vehicle 99 comply with the garage's criteria, the
customer receives a coded ticket from the lift arm 12 which
contains an identifying code number for the vehicle 99B as well as
the vehicle's 99B time of arrival. Preferably, the sensors (not
shown) at the entry station 12 transmit the weight distribution
and/or dimensions of the vehicle 99 as well as other information to
the central computer 104. The central computer 104 incorporates the
measurement information into choosing the protocol for the vehicle
99 as well as transmitting the information to the access bays 112,
transporters 118 and lifts 110 as discussed below. The lift arm 12
is then lifted and the customer is instructed to proceed to a
designated access bay gate 14. In one embodiment, the designated
access bay gate 14 is indicated by number on the electronic
signboard (not shown). Alternatively, the designated access bay
gate 14 is indicated by number on the ticket itself or some other
means.
[0034] As stated above, the central computer 104 preferably creates
a protocol for loading the vehicle 99B onto the transporter 118B
and moving the transporter 118B to an appropriate parking space.
The central computer 104 transmits the storage protocol to the
transporter 118B, as well as to the elevators 110, other
transporters 118 as well as other devices involved in the
particular storage execution for the vehicle 99B.
[0035] The term protocol refers to a partial set or complete set of
instructions sent to a selected transporter 118, as well as other
transporters and devices, such as elevators 110, access bays 112
and stackers 114 which are involved in the arrival and/or retrieval
execution of the vehicle 99. Thus, the term protocol, and
instruction or instructions are used interchangeably in the present
description. The central computer 104 preferably separates the
protocol into a number of instruction sets which are specific to
each selected device in efficiently creating an arrival or
retrieval circulation path. For example, the protocol instructs a
transporter 118 to move out of the access bay 112 at a specified
time and travel to a position in front of an elevator 110 while
simultaneously calling the elevator 110 and relocating transporters
118 on the destination floor 202 to create a circulation arrival
path. The instruction set for the subject transporter 118 instructs
the transporter 118 to move to the position in front of the
elevator 110 and await a specified time or a signal from the
central computer 104 to proceed to the elevator 110. The
instruction set for the elevator 110 instructs the elevator 110 to
move to the designated floor at a specified time. The instruction
set also instructs all transporters on the destination floor to
move to a desired location to create the arrival or retrieval
circulation path. The instruction set for the subject transporter
118 on the destination floor instructs the transporter 118 to move
a specified location to create the arrival path.
[0036] As shown in FIG. 1A, the access bay 112B is assigned to
receive the incoming vehicle 99B. In one embodiment, the assigned
transporter 118 is already positioned within the access bay 112B
associated with the designated access bay gate 14 when the vehicle
99B is pulling into the access bay 112B. Alternatively, the
assigned transporter 118 is retrieved from the transporter stacking
mechanism 114, whereby the assigned transporter 118 propels itself
to the access bay 112 associated with the designated access bay
gate 14 discussed above. As shown in the example in FIG. 1A, the
transporters 118A and 118B are already positioned within the
respective access bays 112A, 112B. Access bay 112C does not contain
a transporter, whereby the loaded transporter 118C is shown to be
moving into access bay 112C for retrieval.
[0037] Access bay entries 14 located in front of the access bays
112 ensure that the arriving vehicle 99 enters the designated
access bay. In particular, once the vehicle 99B drives up to the
access bay entry 114, the customer preferably inserts the card
provided at the entry gate 12 into the machine to ensure that the
vehicle 99B is entering its designated access bay 112B.
Alternatively, any other appropriate method or device for
identifying the correct vehicle is employed at the access bay entry
14. After it is determined that the vehicle 99B is entering its
designated access bay 112B, the arm at the entry 14 is lifted and
the customer pulls into the access bay 112B. The customer
preferably drives the vehicle 99B forward into the access bay 112B
and is loaded on top of the waiting transporter 118B, until the
vehicle's 99B wheels engage the access bay's wheel stop mechanism
606 (FIGS. 6A-6B), which is discussed in more detail below.
[0038] Indicator lights, electronic signboards and other graphics
in or around the access bay 112 instruct the customer to put the
vehicle 99 in park, turn off the engine, set the parking brake,
lock the vehicle and exit the access bay 112B. The access bay 112
preferably includes a gate or lift arm leading to the interior of
the garage 100 which remains closed until it is confirmed that the
customer and any passengers have vacated access bay 112. The gate
prevents intruders from entering into the interior parameter of the
garage 100. The gate opens once it is confirmed that the access bay
112 has been vacated and the transporter 118 is about to execute
its instructions. During the confirmation process, the access bay
112 is preferably subject to video surveillance by a remote
operator available to assist the customer through intercom contact.
At this time, the exterior condition of the vehicle is preferably
photographed for future reference. Sensors present in the access
bay 112B confirm that the vehicle 99B and access bay 1112B are
clear of persons and/or obstructions. The central computer 104 then
issues instructions to the access bay 112B to retract the wheel
stop 606 (FIGS. 6A-6B) and tire guides 608 (FIGS. 6A-6B) to allow
the transporter 118B and vehicle 99B to proceed with the storage
execution.
[0039] The present garage 100 is preferably mapped with a
two-dimensional coordinate system indicating the dimensions of the
enclosed space as well as any fixed elements within the space, such
as columns and walls. In one embodiment, the onboard computer 406
(FIG. 4A) on each transporter 118 interprets sensor data and
wirelessly relays information about the transporter's 118 position
and movement to the transporter tracking system on a real time or
periodic basis. The transporter tracking system assembles the
information provided by all of the tranporters 118 into a
dynamically changing map of the garage floors. Position sensor data
alternatively includes, but is not limited to, radio frequency
triangulation, laser, optical or ultrasonic distance measurement,
embedded wire or surface-based optical identification, camera based
object identification and inertial guidance, or any other
appropriate method. Alternatively, a grid of stationary sensors
detects the position of the transporters 118 based on radio
frequency identification transmission, and this information is
communicated directly to the transporter tracking system which maps
the position of the mobile transporters. This information is then
utilized by the central computer 104 in generating protocols to
accomplish vehicle storage and retrieval. It should be noted that
any other appropriate method of tracking the transporters and other
devices is contemplated by one skilled in the art.
[0040] Referring back to the present example in FIGS. 1A and 1B,
the protocol sent by the central computer 104 instructs the
transporter 118B to go to parking spot 204 on a different parking
level 202. The central computer 104 selects the elevator 110A and
instructs the transporter 118B to proceed to elevator 110A.
Simultaneously, the central computer 104 instructs the elevator
110A to be ready to receive the transporter 118B. In the present
example, the central computer 104 designates elevator 110A, because
the designated parking space 204 (FIG. 1B) is geographically
closest to the elevator 110A. Alternatively, the central computer
104 selects any of the other elevators 110B, 110C depending on
several factors including, but not limited to, elevator
availability, time of retrieval, and proximity to the selected
destination. Executing the instructions contained in the protocol,
the loaded transporter 118B propels forward out of the access bay
112B enough to clear the access bay 112B and then stops. In one
embodiment, such as during a peak arrival period, once the
transporter 118B vacates and clears the access bay 112B, the
central computer 104 instructs an empty transporter 118 to move
into position in the access bay 112B to receive the next arriving
vehicle 99. In another embodiment, the central computer 104
balances the demand for arrival (i.e., transporter waiting) with
retrieval (empty access bays) according to time-of-day
experience.
[0041] The present system 100 preferably utilizes standard
freight-type elevators or lifts 100 to carry the transporters 118.
The elevators 110 operate under the control of the central computer
104 and preferably report position information to the central
computer 104. It is apparent to one skilled in the art that the
elevators 110 alternatively do not have doors or inside walls and
merely have a skeleton structure with a platform to hold the
transporter 118 thereupon.
[0042] FIG. 1B illustrates the designated floor 202 in which the
transporter 118B has been instructed by the central computer 104 to
park in the present example. The floor 202 is divided into an array
of parking locations or spaces suitable to the dimensions of the
transporters 118. Preferably, there are no guide tracks or
dedicated circulation lanes on the floor 202. While the common size
of vehicles would suggest that the array of parking spaces would be
regular throughout, the invention is based on an x-y coordinate
grid of location points and does not require that a uniform parking
module be maintained. For instance, the present garage 100 is
alternatively designed to accommodate over-standard, standard
and/or subcompact size vehicles 99 in different size storage
locations.
[0043] Upon arrival to the designated floor 202, the elevator stops
and its doors open, and the transporter 118B moves onto one
circulation path area 216, shown in FIG. 1B as the area in front of
the elevators 110. As stated above, the transporter 118B is
instructed by the central computer 104 to travel to the parking
space 204. The circulation path selected by the central computer
104 in the present example is shown by the arrows in FIG. 1C. As
shown in FIG. 1B, the movements of the other transporter 118B are
coordinated with the movements of the selected transporter 118 to
store the selected transporter, whereby all movements are directed
by the central computer 104 through specific protocols sent to each
of the selected transporters 118.
[0044] The flexibility of the present system 100 is based on the
ability of the central computer 104 to coordinate the movement of
each transporter independently 118 of other transporters 118 to
create whichever dynamic circulation path or paths are suitable for
storage and/or retrieval of a particular vehicle 99. In operation,
the circulation path is dynamic or effectively "floats" along the
parking floor to where it is needed to provide efficient access for
storage and/or retrieval for one or more vehicles 99. Although the
example in FIG. 1B illustrates a simple execution of transporter
movements, it is apparent to one skilled in the art that more
complex executions of movement may result from increasing the
number of vehicles 99 stored on a floor. Similarly, simpler
executions of transporter movements are apparent to one skilled in
the art by decreasing the number of vehicles 99 stored on a floor.
The coordination of this execution causes each of the selected
transporters 118 to execute the unique protocols provided by the
central computer 104 defining the timing, direction, speed and
extent of movement for each transporter 118. Each transporter 118
preferably relays its position to the transporter tracking system
periodically or in real time to confirm that the instructed
movements have been executed and have proceeded according to plan.
In addition, each transporter 118 preferably utilizes its proximity
to prevent any collisions or mishaps from occurring during the
execution.
[0045] For clarity in explaining the examples, the level 202 is
mapped into several areas or sectors comprising a series of rows
and columns, whereby the columns are designated as letters A-H and
the rows are designated as numbers 1-14. It should be noted that
any number of rows and columns are alternatively contemplated. For
instance, the designated parking spot 204 for the loaded
transporter 118B is shown in FIG. 1B is located in area or sector
F3.
[0046] In the present example in FIG. 1B, the central computer 104
instructs the two transporters 118 in parking spots B3 and B4 to
move in the -Y direction to parking spots B11 and B12,
respectively, as shown by the arrows. The movement of the
transporters 118 away from parking spots B3 and B4 provide a
partial arrival circulation path for the transporter 118B. Once the
transporters previously in areas B3 and B4 move in the -Y direction
past the elevator 110A, the transporter 118B preferably moves from
the elevator 110A into space B6 and stops. The transporter 118B
then rotates its wheels and propels itself in the Y direction to
sector B3.
[0047] It is preferred that simultaneous with this activity, the
five transporters in parking spots C3-C7 move one space in the -Y
direction, as shown by the arrows. As shown in FIG. 1C, the same
rows of transporters in columns D and E perform the same maneuver.
As a result, the transporters 118 initially in row 7 of columns C,
D and E, move one parking space into the open spaces 203, 206, and
208, respectively. In addition, the transporters previously in row
3 of columns C, D, and E move one space in the -Y direction into
row 4 of columns C, D and E. As a result, the transporters
previously in C3, D3 and E3 vacate the sectors 210, 212 and 214
(FIG. 1C), thereby creating the remaining portion of the arrival
circulation path for the transporter 118B. The transporter 118B
then preferably propels forward along row 3 toward the parking
space 204. The circulation path taken by the transporter 118B is
shown in FIG. 1C. It should be noted that although one circulation
path is created in the present example, the system 100 is able to
create any number of circulation paths to store and/or retrieve one
or more vehicles at a particular time.
[0048] In one embodiment, the transporter 118B communicates to the
central computer 104 that it has reached its destination 204.
Alternatively, the transporter 118B does not communicate to the
central computer 104 that it has reached its destination 204
whereby the transporter tracking system 108 notifies the central
computer 104. Depending on the protocol selected by the central
computer 104, some or all of the selected transporters 118 which
were moved during the example arrival execution are instructed to
return to their prior parking spaces. Alternatively, the
transporters 118 do not return to their prior parking spaces.
[0049] Although one arrival circulation path is described in
relation to FIGS. 1B and 1C, it is apparent to one skilled in the
art that any number of alternative arrival paths are able to be
generated and executed by the present system 100 to deliver the
transporter 118B to parking area 204. The central computer 104
preferably applies present or stored circulation path algorithms
and protocols to review a large number of possible circulating
paths. For instance, transporters located in positions F4-F7 could
be moved in the -Y direction to create a vacant space at location
F7 at which to share the vehicle 118B. Alternatively, vehicle 118B
could be stored in space B12. The criteria for selecting a storage
location include, but are not limited to, factors such as
minimizing transporter movements, minimizing elapsed time, and
locating transporters for ease of retrieval.
[0050] It should be noted that although the preceding example is
described as a set of discrete steps, the preceding execution
preferably occurs simultaneously or substantially simultaneously to
the extent that no collisions occur and the transporter 118B
effectively reaches its assigned destination. Preferably in the
above example, the selected transporters 118 traverse to their
instructed positions on the floor 202 before the transporter 118B
reaches the floor 202. The arrival circulation path is thus
preferably created and cleared for the transporter 118B by the time
the transporter 118B arrives at the destination floor 202. This
reduces the amount of time to deposit the transporter 118B in its
designated parking space 204. Alternatively, the selected
transporters 118 traverse to their instructed positions on the
floor 202 after the transporter 118B reaches the floor 202 or at
any other time. It should be noted that the same applies to the
retrieval execution below.
[0051] An example of the retrieval of a vehicle execution will now
be discussed in relation to FIGS. 2A-2B for the loaded transporter
118B parked in parking space 204. As shown in FIGS. 2A-2B, the
selected transporters 118 which were moved during the arrival
execution in FIGS. 1B and 1C are shown positioned in their original
locations as in FIG. 1B. In retrieving the vehicle 99B, the
customer arrives at a payment kiosk or payment window. As the coded
information on the customer's entry ticket is processed for payment
purposes, the central computer 104 creates a retrieval protocol
that creates a retrieval circulation path to efficiently retrieve
the requested transporter 118B.
[0052] In the present example, the central computer 104 transmits
the instructions related to the retrieval protocol to the
transporter 118B in parking space 204 as well as the other involved
devices. The retrieval circulation path selected by the central
computer 104 and to be taken by the transporter 118B is shown by
the arrows in FIG. 2B. The retrieval execution is managed by the
central computer 104, whereby the central computer 104 wirelessly
communicates the instructions to each of the selected transporters
118, the timing, direction, speed and extent of movement which each
transporter 118 is to execute. Each selected transporter 118 relays
its position to the transporter tracing system periodically or in
real time to confirm that the instructions to that particular
transporter 118 have been executed and completed according to plan.
In addition, the proximity sensors in each transporter 118
preferably prevent any collisions or mishaps from occurring during
the execution.
[0053] As shown in FIG. 2A, the central computer 104 selects the
two transporters in parking spots B3 and B4 and instructs the
transporters to move in the -Y direction to parking spots B11 and
B12, respectively, as shown by the arrows. Preferably at the same
time, the five transporters in parking spots C3-C7 moves one space
in the -Y direction, as shown by the arrows. In addition, the same
rows of transporters in columns D and E perform the same maneuver.
As a result, the transporters initially in row 7 of columns C, D
and E move one parking space into the open spaces 203, 206, and
208, respectively. In addition, the transporters previously in row
3 of columns C, D, and E move one space in the -Y direction into
row 4 of columns C, D and E. As a result, the transporters
previously in C3, D3 and E3 vacate the sectors 214, 212 and 210,
thereby providing the remaining portion of the retrieval
circulation path for the transporter 118B. FIG. 2B illustrates the
resulting circulation path. It should be noted that although one
circulation path is created in the present example, the system 100
is able to create any number of circulation paths to store and/or
retrieve one or more vehicles simultaneously at a particular
time.
[0054] The transporter 118B then preferably propels forward in the
-X direction along row 3 toward sector B3. Once the transporter
118B reaches the sector B3, the transporter 118B turns its wheels
ninety degrees and proceeds perpendicularly in the -Y direction
along row 3 to the area in front of the elevator 110B. Preferably,
the elevator 110B is already instructed by the central computer 104
to be called to the floor 202. Once the transporter 118B reaches
the elevator, the transporter 118B turns its wheels ninety degrees
and proceeds forward into the elevator 110B.
[0055] The elevator 110B transports the transporter 118B to the
access level 102. Once the elevator 110B and the transporter 118B
arrive at the access floor 102, the transporter 118B exits the
elevator 110B and proceeds to the designated access bay 112.
Preferably the transporter 118B rotates 180 degrees at an
instructed location to enable the customer to depart the access bay
112 into the adjacent roadway without having to perform a backing
maneuver. Alternatively, the rotation of the transporter 118B is
undertaken at one or more points in the storage and/or retrieval
executions, depending on factors including, but not limited to,
peak versus non-peak timing and availability of adequate rotating
space at specified locations in the garage 100. The rotation of the
transporter 118B is accomplished by instructing the front and rear
wheel assemblies 412 to set at an appropriate angle and powering
the front wheel assemblies. The instructions to rotate are
preferably included in the protocol sent by the central computer
104, whereby the transporter's onboard computer 406 executes and
manages the rotation task. Alternatively, the transporter 118B
performs the rotation task during the arrival execution instead of
the retrieval execution. In another embodiment, the transporter
118B does not perform a rotation task in the arrival or retrieval
execution.
[0056] Once the transporter 118B is properly secured in the
designated access bay 112, the customer is notified by an
electronic sign or other means that the vehicle 99B is ready for
pick up. The customer is then allowed to enter the access bay 112,
retrieve the vehicle 99B, and exit the access bay 112 through the
access bay gate 14. During retrieval peaks, the central computer
104 preferably moves the empty transporters 118 to the storage
stackers 114 to clear the access bays 112 for receipt of
transporters holding other vehicles to be retrieved.
[0057] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate simultaneously executed arrival
and retrieval executions involving two vehicles. As shown in FIGS.
3A and 3B, the transporter 118B discussed above in relation to
FIGS. 1A-2B is shown in location B3, having been partially
retrieved from parking space 204. In addition, the transporter 118D
in the elevator 110C to be parked in parking space 222 is located
in area F12 (reference numeral 222). The arrival circulation path
for transporter 118D is shown by the arrows in FIG. 3B. For
brevity, the transporter 118B is retrieved from location F3 and is
shown in FIG. 3A proceeding along the retrieval circulation path
described above in FIG. 2B to the elevator 10B. The details of this
execution are discussed above in relation to FIGS. 2A and 2B.
[0058] Preferably, as the transporter 118D is transported to the
level 202 in the elevator 110D, the transporters 118 which were
moved to create the retrieval circulation path of transporter 118B
are repositioned by the protocol transmitted by the central
computer 104 to create the arrival circulation path for the
transporter 118D. In the present example, the protocol transmitted
by the central computer 104 instructs the transporters 118 in areas
F9, F10, and F11 to move in the Y direction one parking space to
open the parking space F12, 222. Thus the transporters 118
previously in areas F9-F11 are moved to areas F8-F10.
[0059] To create the remaining portion of the arrival circulation
path (areas C11-E11), the protocol sent by the central computer 104
also instructs the column of transporters 118 in column E to move
in the Y direction. In the present example, the central computer
104 determines that the parking space 204 is no longer needed and
is able to be filled with one of the transporters 118 which are
being moved to create the arrival circulation path for the
transporter 118D. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3A, the central
computer 104 instructs the transporter in area E4 to move one space
in the Y direction and then one space in the X direction into the
parking space 204. Similarly, the central computer 104 instructs
the transporter in area D4 to move one space in the Y direction and
then one space in the X direction into the parking space 210. The
central computer 104 also instructs the transporter in area C4 to
move one space in the Y direction and then one space in the X
direction into the parking space 212.
[0060] The central computer 104 instructs the transporters in the
areas E5-E11 to each move in the Y direction one space to open the
area E11, 224 (FIG. 3B). Additionally, the central computer 104
instructs the transporters in the areas D5-D11 to each move in the
Y direction one space to open the area 226 (FIG. 3B). The central
computer 104 also instructs the transporters in the areas C5-C11 to
each move in the Y direction two spaces to open the parking spots
220 and 228 (areas C10 and C11, respectively). As shown in FIG. 3B,
the transporters instructed to move are shown in their new parking
spots, and the arrival circulation path is cleared for the
transporter 118D to park in space 222, as shown by the arrow.
[0061] In one embodiment, the above-described execution occurs
substantially simultaneously. Referring back to FIG. 3A, it is
apparent that the transporters moving in the Y direction and then
the X direction into parking spots, 204, 206 and 208 will take a
longer amount of time to perform their maneuvers than the other
selected moving transporters. This is due the transporters having
to stop and turn their wheel assemblies ninety degrees to move in
the X direction. Therefore, in one embodiment, the central computer
104 instructs the remaining transporters to wait to move until the
above-mentioned transporters have turned their wheel assemblies and
moved into the parking spots, 204, 206 and 208 Alternatively, the
central computer 104 instructs the remaining transporters to move
simultaneously with the above-mentioned transporters, but at a
slower speed to maintain proper distance with those transporters
118. The proximity sensors on each of the transporters 118 ensure
that sufficient distance is maintained.
[0062] It should be noted that the preceding example is a
relatively complex execution and, the present system 100 would
preferably select a different space to store the transporter 118D
or a simpler execution protocol to park the transporter 118D.
However, the preceding example illustrates the concept of the
"floating" or dynamic circulation path and versatility and
flexibility of the present system 100. The preceding example also
illustrates the limitless possibilities of arranging the
transporters 118 in different configurations to efficiently park
and retrieve vehicles 99. Therefore, the preceding example is in no
way limiting to the operation of the present invention.
[0063] The specifics of each component of the present system will
now be discussed in detail. The central computer 104 of the present
invention preferably performs both the planning and management
functions for the smooth operation of the automated garage 100. In
particular, the central computer 104 communicates with the
transporter tracking system as well as each transporter 118 and
other devices. The central computer 104 is thus informed of the
status of each transporter 118 in the garage 100 at all times. Each
transporter 118 and device preferably has a unique ID which is used
by the transporter tracking system 108 as well as the central
computer 104 to identify, track and communicate with each
transporter 118 and device. An organizational schematic of the
system is shown in FIG. 8. Thus, the central computer 104 is also
informed of the status of the entry gates 12, elevators 110, access
bays 112 as well as access gates 14 and the transporter stackers
114.
[0064] The planning function of the central computer 104 involves
the creation of transporter movement protocols or instructions
based on user requests or in anticipation of user requests. The
movement protocols include selecting a parking space and generating
a circulation path to deliver vehicle 99 to that parking space. In
addition, protocols involve executing a series of movements
involving the designated transporter 118, other selected
transporters 118 and certain devices to move the vehicle along the
circulation path. The logic of the central computer 104 in
generating a protocol is preferably based on a process of
generating several possible protocols and scoring each protocol
according to a management controlled criteria. The protocols are
generated anew or are retrieved from a stored database of
previously generated protocols. The protocol for a newly arrived
vehicle is dependent on the status of the garage 100 at the time of
arrival as well as information from entry sensors or provided by
the user at the time of arrival. The central computer 104 then
selects the most favorable protocol based on one or more factors.
Such factors include, but are not limited to, how long the vehicle
will be stored in the garage; how long other vehicles in the garage
will be stored; whether the customer is transient, monthly or VIP,
availability of parking spaces in the garage; and size and weight
of the vehicle. For instance, if the expected departure time of
vehicle 99 is relatively later than many of the already stored
vehicles 99 in the garage 100, the central computer 104 will
preferably choose a parking space which is located further away
from the elevators 110 or access bays 112 than the earlier
departing vehicles 99. Additionally, a monthly customer or frequent
parker code would cause the central computer 104 to generate an
appropriate protocol to store the vehicle 99 in a quick access
location. Alternatively, an arriving customer could choose a "late
pick-up option" which would instruct the central computer 104 to
store the vehicle 99 in a location furthest away from the elevators
110 or access bays 112.
[0065] As stated above, the status of the garage 100 at the time of
arrival or request for retrieval also affects the protocol selected
by the central computer 104. For instance, a vehicle 99 arriving
during an outgoing peak might be temporarily stored in a waiting
position to avoid its storage protocol from interfering with any
outgoing activity. Once the outgoing peak of transporters 118 has
passed, the central computer 104 generates a new protocol to store
the waiting vehicle 99 or alternatively authorizes the waiting
transporter to proceed.
[0066] Once a protocol is selected, the protocol preferably
includes an instruction set that is wirelessly transmitted to each
transporter and device participating in the particular task In one
embodiment, the instruction set is time-based. Alternatively, the
instruction set is authorized-based, whereby the devices are
provided with their unique instruction sets but do not execute
their instructions until authorized by the central computer 104.
Alternatively, the instruction set is a time-based and
authorized-based combination. The central computer 104 preferably
communicates the protocols to each of the selected devices
simultaneously. In one embodiment, each of the devices confirm
receipt of the instructions back to the central computer 104. In
another embodiment, the devices do not confirm receipt of the
instructions back to the central computer 104. Each of the devices
which receive the instructions execute the instructions at the time
specified or upon authorization by the central computer 104. In the
preferred embodiment, each participating device notifies the
central computer 104 after successfully completing each step in its
instruction set. Alternatively, the transporter tracking system
additionally tracks each participating device as confirmation that
the step has been completed.
[0067] The central computer's 104 management function involves
utilizing the transporter tracking system 108 to preferably
maintain a real-time or periodically updated three-dimensional
model of the garage 100. The management function also preferably
takes into account the speed, direction and distance of each moving
transporter 118. The central computer 104 utilizes the model as a
basis for planning and selecting a protocol as well as to monitor
the status of each transporter and device in relation to one or
more already selected protocol plans. The monitoring activity
includes comparing the status and position of each reporting
transporter 118 with the selected protocols and identifying present
and future noncompliant devices and/or events. For instance, the
management function of the central computer 104 will foresee a
potential collision with two transporters 118 from the operational
information provided by either or both transporters 118. It is
preferred that the central computer 104 simultaneously obtains
diagnostic information regarding mechanical and electronic
functions and battery capacity from transporters and/or devices and
takes appropriate action or notifies a human supervisor. It should
be noted that the central computer 104 alternatively performs
additional tasks and is not limited to the description provided
above.
[0068] FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate several different views of the
transporter 118 in accordance with the present invention. As stated
above, each vehicle 99 entering and exiting the garage 100 is
placed on a transporter 118 which is a self-powered and
omni-directional platform that transports the vehicle 99 to any
instructed location in the garage 100. As shown in FIG. 4A, the
transporter 118 includes a body 400 preferably having a top bearing
plate 402 on top of which the vehicle 99 is supported. The top
bearing plate 402 is preferably surfaced with a non-slip finish to
stabilize and prevent slippage of the vehicle 99. The body 400 of
the transporter 118 is preferably symmetrical along both axes and
is designed to operate indifferent to the orientation of the
vehicle's front end and back end.
[0069] The transporter 118 includes a wireless transceiver
communication system 406 by which the transporter 118 communicates
with the central computer 104 and the transporter tracking system
108. The transporter 118 includes four independently rotatable
wheel assemblies 412 which are preferably driven by separate
electric motors. The transporter 118 includes an onboard computer
418 (FIG. 4C) which manages and controls the operation of the
transporter 118 with any external objects. The transporter 118 also
preferably includes a set of proximity sensors 414 located on each
side of the transporter 118 which provide a safeguard in preventing
collision of the transporter 118 with any external objects. The
transporter 118 also preferably includes a gyroscope or similar
orientation measurement device (not shown) which provides
information to the onboard computer 418 regarding the orientation
of the transporter 118. The transporter 118 is preferably equipped
with one or more batteries 416 (FIG. 4C) which powers the computer
418, sensors 414, wheel assemblies 412, transceiver 406 and other
electronics onboard. This allows the transporter 118 to operate
within the garage 100 without creating any pollution. The batteries
416 are preferably rechargeable at recharging docks included in the
stacking devices 114 (FIGS. 7A-7C) or at other locations within the
garage 100. Alternatively, the transporters 118 are electrically
powered but do not have batteries.
[0070] The onboard computer 418 preferably operates and controls
every aspect of the transporter 118. The onboard computer 418 is
preferably located in the undercarriage of the transporter body 400
as shown in FIG. 4C. Alternatively, the computer 418 is located
elsewhere on the body 400. The onboard computer 418 is coupled to
the wireless transceiver 406, whereby the computer 418 processes
information received by the transceiver 406 as well as generates
information to be sent by the transceiver 406. The onboard computer
418 is also coupled to each of the wheel assemblies 412, whereby
the computer 418 controls the various propulsion, braking, steering
and diagnostic systems of the wheel assemblies 412 individually or
collectively. In addition, the onboard computer 418 is coupled to
the proximity sensors 414, battery power sensors, directional
sensor and other sensors which provide information used by the
onboard computer 418 and central computer 104 to manage the
operation of the transporter 118.
[0071] The onboard computer 418 processes automated logic and
sensory data sent to and received from the central computer 104 and
transporter tracking system 108 for navigating the transporter 118.
The wireless communication system 406 communicates with the central
computer 104 to effectively navigate the transporter 118 as well as
communicate diagnostic and operational information regarding the
transporter 118 to the central computer 104. It is preferred that
the transporter's communication system 406 communicates with the
central computer 104 and transporter tracking system 108 using
radio frequency communication protocols. Alternatively, the
communication system 406 communicates with the central computer 104
using any other appropriate wireless communication technique. As
stated above, the central computer 104 is provided measurement
information of the vehicle 99 when the vehicle 99 arrives at the
garage 100. Preferably, the protocol instructions provided to the
transporter 118 take into account the weight and mass of the
vehicle such that the vehicle's characteristics do not adversely
affect the transporter's 118 performance.
[0072] As stated above, the transporter 118 communicates its
position to the transporter tracking system utilizing the
communication system 406. Preferably, the transceiver 406 provides
precise coordinates of the transporter's 118 four corners based on
on-board sensor data on a periodic or real-time basis to the
transporter tracking system 108 and the central computer 104.
Position sensor data alternatively includes, but is not limited to,
radio frequency triangulation, laser, optical or ultrasonic
distance measurement, embedded wire or surface-based optical
identification, camera based object identification and inertial
guidance, or any other appropriate method. Alternatively, a grid of
stationary sensor detects the position of the transporters 118
based on radio frequency transmission and provides the data to the
central computer 104.
[0073] Several factors, including but not limited to, misalignment
of the wheel assemblies 412, improperly distributed weight, and
variances in the surface floor of the garage 100 may cause the
transporter to slightly veer off course in executing the protocol.
Thus, the onboard computer 418 manages the operation of the
transporter 118, while the transporter 118 is moving, to ensure
that the transporter maintains and is in compliance with its
projected course associated with the protocol. In one embodiment,
the onboard computer 418 monitors and compares the movement of the
transporter 118 with the transporter tracking system 108, as the
transporter 118 is moving, to ensure that the transporter 118 is
moving in a straight line, properly rotating, properly making a
turn or merely staying on course. Alternatively, or additionally,
the onboard computer 418 is coupled to sensors in the individual
wheel assemblies 412, whereby the wheel assemblies 412 relay
positional information to the onboard computer 418 to ensure that
the transporter 118 is staying on course. Alternatively, the
onboard computer 418 uses any other means or methods to ensure that
the transporter 118 stays on course with the instructed protocols.
In the event that the transporter 118 veers off course, the onboard
computer 418 adjusts the steering, speed or any other desired
parameters to ensure that the transporter 118 moves back onto the
projected course instructed in the protocol. Alternatively, or in
addition to, the onboard computer 418 relays necessary information
to the central computer 104, whereby the central computer 104
provides new or revised protocol instructions.
[0074] The onboard computer 418 also preferably manages the
proximity sensors 414 of the transporter 118 as well as
communicates information pertaining to the sensors to the central
computer 104. In the event that any proximity sensors 414 sense
that the transporter 118 is too close to another object, the
sensor(s) will relay the appropriate signal to the onboard computer
418. The onboard computer 418 will then undertake immediate
corrective action and communicate this information to the central
computer 104. The central computer 104 will then modify the
protocol for that transporter 118 as well as any other transporters
and/or devices, if needed, such that a collision will be avoided.
In one embodiment, the onboard computer 418 collects diagnostic
data concerning available battery power, motor performance and
other information from onboard sensors and transmits such data
through the communication system to the central computer 104.
[0075] FIG. 5A illustrates a side view of the preferred wheel
assembly 412. FIG. 5B illustrates an underside view of the
preferred wheel assembly 412. The wheel assemblies 412 are
preferably operable independent of one another and are
independently controlled by the onboard computer 418. An
organizational schematic of the wheel assemblies and the onboard
and control computer shown in FIG. 8. As shown in FIG. 5A, the
wheel assembly 412 is shown coupled to the body 400 of the
transporter 118. The wheel assembly 412 preferably includes a
stationary gear 502, a rotatable base 504, a wheel support 506
having an axle 512, a steering motor 508, a set of tires 500 each
coupled to a wheel 510, and one or more drive motors 514 coupled a
drive gear 516. It is apparent to one skilled in the art that the
wheel assembly 412 is not limited to the configuration shown and
described herein, and any other appropriate configuration is
alternatively contemplated to provide a rotatable wheel assembly
capable of allowing the transporter 118 to move in any
direction.
[0076] The stationary gear 502 is preferably mounted to the
underside of the transporter body 400 by one or more bolts (not
shown). The rotatable base 504 is preferably coupled to the body
400 by an appropriate means and is rotatable about the axis 98 in a
360-degree fashion. The rotatable base 504 is preferably able to
smoothly rotate about the axis 98 by utilizing the bearings 522
located between the rotatable base 504 and the stationary gear 502.
Alternatively, any other appropriate means is employed to achieve
smooth rotation of the rotatable base 504. Preferably the rotatable
base 504 includes a pair of wheel supports 506 which extend
downward therefrom, whereby the axle 512 is coupled to the wheel
supports 506, as shown in FIG. 5B. The wheels 510 are coupled to
the axle 512 and the tires 500 are coupled to the wheels 510.
[0077] The steering motor 508 is preferably mounted to the
underside of the rotatable base 504. The steering motor includes a
steering motor gear 524 which meshes with a corresponding gear
surface on the bottom surface 526 of the stationary gear 504, as
shown in FIG. 5B. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, when activated, the
steering motor gear 524 rotates and traverses along the bottom
surface 526 of the stationary gear 502, thereby steering the wheel
assembly 412 about the axis 98. The steering motor 508 is
preferably configured to rotate the steering motor gear 524 in
either direction to rotate the rotatable base 504 clockwise or
counterclockwise about the axis 98. It should be noted that the
steering motor is not limited to the configuration shown and
alternatively has any other appropriate configuration.
[0078] The wheel assembly 412 is therefore able to rotate the tires
500 to any desired angle with respect to axis 98. The wheel
assembly 412 is thus to rotate to any desired angle to move the
transporter 118 in any desired direction. This omni-directional
configuration allows the transporter 118 to operate in
non-rectangular structures, such as the garage 100 shown in FIG. 9.
In addition, the omni-directional configuration of the wheel
assemblies 412 allow the transporter 118 to make sharp turns around
other vehicles if needed. Further, the omni-directional ability of
the transporters 118 allow the transporters 118 to rotate around
its control axis (97) (FIG. 4A in minimal space) as stated above,
without the use of external equipment.
[0079] As shown in FIG. 5B, a rotational position sensor 528 is
mounted on the bottom of the rotatable base 502. The rotational
position sensor 528 is not shown in FIG. 5A for clarity. The
rotational position sensor 528 utilizes a sensor gear 530 which
meshes with the bottom surface 526 of the stationary gear 502 to
measure the distance which the wheel 412 rotates. The sensor 528
communicates the measured data to the onboard computer 418 (FIG.
4B) for use in the steering algorithms. Alternatively, the
rotational position sensor 528 is integrated within the steering
motor 508 or other device. Alternatively, the rotational position
sensor 528 measures rotation at the pivot 518. Alternatively, the
rotational sensor 528 uses optical, magnetic or electrical means to
measure rotation of the wheel assembly 412 in relation to the
transporter body 400. In another embodiment, the rotation position
sensor is not included in the wheel assembly 412.
[0080] The tires 500 of the wheel assembly 412 are preferably
driven utilizing the drive motor 514 and drive gear 516 shown in
FIG. 5B. In particular, the drive gear 516 is preferably mounted to
the axle 512 such that rotation of the drive motor gear 514 causes
the gear 516 to rotate about the axle 512. The tires 500 are
rotated about the axle 512 by operating the drive motor and gear
514, thereby driving the drive gear 516, axle 512 and tires 500.
The drive motor 514 is preferably configured to rotate in either
direction to rotate the tires 500 clockwise or counterclockwise
about the axle 512. The drive motor 514 for each wheel assembly is
preferably individually controllable by the onboard computer 418.
Alternatively, the motor 514 is located in line with the wheel axle
512 to provide direct power from the motor 514 to the axle 512. In
such a configuration, one wheel is powered whereas the other wheel
rotates freely. It is apparent to one skilled in the art that the
wheel assembly 412 is not limited to the configuration shown and
described herein. Therefore, any other appropriate configuration is
alternatively contemplated to provide a completely rotatable wheel
assembly capable of allowing the transporter 118 to move in any
direction.
[0081] As shown in FIG. 5B, the wheel assembly 412 is preferably a
dual tire 500 configuration which is able to rotate when the
transporter 118 is stationary. Alternatively, the wheel assembly
412 is a single tire configuration. The ability of the wheel
assemblies 412 to rotate while the transporter 118 is standing
allows the transporter 118 to make accurate turns without consuming
space. In addition, the ability to angle and power all the wheel
assemblies 412 independently enables the transporter 118 to rotate
about the center 97 (FIG. 4A) of the transporter 118. Each wheel
assembly 412 is coupled to the onboard computer 418, whereby the
onboard computer 418 control all aspects of the operation of the
wheel assembly. As stated above, it is preferred that each wheel
assembly 412 is independently rotatable as well as independently
operable by the onboard computer 418.
[0082] FIG. 6A illustrates a top view of the preferred access bay
assembly 600. FIG. 6B illustrates a detail of the wheel guide
positioning mechanism. The access bay assembly 600 shown in FIGS.
6A and 6B is mounted within the access bay 112 and preferably
includes two retractable walking surfaces 602 each preferably
having a tire guide 608 for the vehicle's 99 wheels. In addition,
the access bay assembly 600 preferably includes fixed transporter
wheel guides 604 and one or more moveable wheel stops 606.
[0083] The transporter wheel guides 604 are disposed on the ground
surface of the access bay 118. The transporter wheel guides 604 are
positioned to ensure that the transporter 118 is properly aligned
within the access bay 112 when entering and exiting the access bay
112. The walking surfaces 602 are preferably flat and include the
tire guide 608 which protrudes vertically from the walking surface
602. Alternatively, the tire guides 608 are independent components
not part of the walking surface. The walking surfaces 602
preferably include one or more roller mechanisms 610 (FIG. 5B)
underneath which allow the walking surfaces 602 to extend and
retract in the Y and -Y directions, respectively. The wheel stop
606 is moveable in the X and Y directions and preferably moves into
place before the vehicle drives onto the transporter 118. The wheel
stop 606 stops the vehicle tire at a position that centers the
vehicle 99 on the transporter 118. The walking surface 602 and
wheel stop 606 are coupled to the central computer 104, whereby the
walking surface 602 and wheel stop 606 traverse to the appropriate
position based on the dimensions of the vehicle 99 which are
measured at the entry station 12. As stated above, the central
computer provides measurement information of the vehicle 99 to the
access bay 112 when the vehicle 99 arrives at the garage 100. The
access bays 112 utilize the measurement information to extend the
walking surfaces 602 and wheel guide 608 the appropriate distance
to properly load the vehicle 99 onto the transporter 118. The
transporter utilizes the measurement information to properly
position itself along the X-X axis to allow the wheel stop to
position the vehicle in the properly located position.
[0084] The process of loading the transporter 118 with the vehicle
will now be discussed. The walking surface 602 preferably moves to
the extended position before the vehicle 99 is driven onto the
transporter 118, whereby the position of the tire guide 608
substantially matches the vehicle's 99 wheel track dimension. In
addition, the wheel stop 606 is moved to the position which
substantially centers the vehicle 99 onto the transporter 118. As
shown in FIG. 6A, the vehicle 99 is driven onto the transporter 118
in the direction indicated by the arrows, whereby the vehicle 99
drives up the ramp 612 onto the transporter 118. Once the vehicle
99 is properly positioned onto the transporter 118, the driver and
passenger(s) exit the vehicle 99 onto the level walking surface 602
and exit the access bay 112. Once the access bay 112 is cleared of
persons, a status which is preferably configured by sensors (not
shown) in the bay 112, the walking surfaces 602 as well as the
wheel stop 606 retract. The central computer 104 is notified that
the loading execution has been completed, and the transporter 118
is authorized to execute the instructions provided to it by the
central computer 104. It should be noted that the unloading
execution is preferably the reverse procedure as the loading
execution with the exception that the wheel stop remains retraced
during the unloading execution.
[0085] It should be noted that the access bay 112 is alternatively
recessed into a concrete slab or other level surrounding surface.
Alternatively, the access bay 112 is raised above the surrounding
surface, whereby the access bay 112 would include additional ramps
for vehicle and passenger access to the transporter surface. In
certain applications, the access bay may also be built into the
elevator or lift 110, whereby the vehicle is directly driven into
the elevator or lift 110. It is apparent that the access bay 112
described above is just one embodiment and is not limited to the
embodiment described.
[0086] FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate an aboveground transporter
storage device. FIG. 7C illustrates an in-ground transporter
storage device. Both types of storage devices 114 are configured to
store transporters 118 when not in use. While the garage 100
operates effectively without a transporter storage device 700,
700', the devices 700, 700' increase efficiency in the system 100
by reducing the number of empty transporters 118 on the levels that
need to be moved to facilitate any given protocol. In both cases,
the transporter is guided to the storage device 700, 700' by the
central computer 104, and the storage device 700, 700' undertakes
the necessary storage procedure.
[0087] The device 700, 700' preferably includes a recharging dock
706, 706' that couples to a rechargeable battery port (not shown)
on the transporter 118 and recharges the battery 416 (FIG. 4C) on
the transporter 118. The recharging dock 706, 706' is preferably
integrated into the transporter storage device 700, 700'.
Alternatively, the recharging dock (not shown) is a freestanding
standing device independent of the storage device. For instance, a
battery capacity indicator (not shown) on the transporter 118
reports the status of the battery to the central computer 104,
whereby the central computer 104 initiates a recharging protocol
when required. In the embodiment that the recharging dock 706, 706'
is integrated in the storage device 700, 700', the protocol
involves directing the transporter 118 to the storage device 700,
700' for recharging.
[0088] The storage device 700 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B receives and
dispenses the transporters 118 through the bottom portion by
mechanical operation. To receive a new transporter 118, the storage
device 700 inserts retractable fingers 702 at lifting points
beneath the bottom transporter 118 (FIG. 7B). The storage device
700 then lifts the transporter 118, as well as the stack of
transporters 118 above it, a sufficient distance to enable an
arriving transporter 118 to slide beneath the suspended stack (FIG.
7A). When the arriving transporter 118 is in position, the
mechanism lowers the stack onto the arrived transporter 118 to
await the next arriving transporter. If a transporter is requested
from the storage device 700, the retractable fingers 702 move into
position beneath the second stacked transporter 118 from the bottom
and lifts the transporter 118, as well as the stack above it, a
sufficient distance to allow the bottom transporter 118 to move out
of the device 700. Once removed, the device 700 lowers the stack to
its resting position to await future arrivals or removals.
Alternatively, the transporter 118 on top of the stack, instead of
the bottom, is received and dispensed. The storage device 700 is
coupled to the central computer 104, whereby the storage device 700
executes protocol instructions provided by the central computer 104
to properly store, recharge and dispense transporters 118.
[0089] The top access storage device 700' shown in FIG. 7C fits
within a recessed construction 708' below the grade floor and
dispenses at access level 102. The recessed storage device 700'
includes of a lifting device 702' such as a hydraulic lift or
scissors lift that lowers and lifts the stack of transporters 118
as required. In one embodiment, guides adjacent to the storage
device 700' direct the precise positioning of the transporter 118
on top of the stack such that the transporter 118 simply propels
off to its designated destination once at access level 102. The
storage device 700' is coupled to the central computer 104, whereby
the storage device 700' executes protocol instructions provided by
the central computer 104 to properly store, recharge and dispense
transporters 118. It is apparent to one skilled in the art that the
storage device in the present invention is not limited to the
embodiments shown and alternatively have any other appropriate
design to selectively store and release transporters.
[0090] FIG. 9 illustrates a non-rectangular parcel of land in which
the alternative embodiment at the garage 800 is located. In this
example, the different orientations of the transporters reflect
site-specific factors such as the presence of different column
grids associated with different buildings above the garage level.
This embodiment 800 illustrates the ability of the omni-directional
transporters to effectively operate in a non-rectangular parking
setting which is otherwise difficult and inefficient for either
conventional parking or orthogonal-based prior art automated
parking systems. Thus, the omni-directional wheel assembly of the
transporters makes possible transporter movement in the alternative
garage to create floating circulation paths, irrespective of the
geometry of the parcel.
[0091] As stated above, prior art parking system require large
amounts of on-site installation of specialized fixed equipment. The
costs associated with the installed equipment and construction is
not easily financed through conventional real property capital
sources, because the specialized characteristics of the prior art
systems fail to be appealing to underwriting criteria such as
useful life and proven long term value. The present system is in
the form of individualized mobile transporters and devices which
can easily be removed from a building and reused elsewhere. In
addition, the present system is able to be used in existing parking
garages, whereby a minimal amount of construction is needed to
implement the present system. As a result, the cost of employing
the present invention in a parcel of land can be financed through
equipment leases and other flexible financing options which are
more attractive to prospective purchasers of the system. In
addition, the characteristics of the present system described above
allow the system to be easily updated and modified. Therefore, the
present system will not easily become obsolete, thereby preventing
the value of the property, in which the present system is employed,
from diminishing in value.
[0092] The foregoing description of preferred embodiments of the
present invention has been provided for the purposes of
illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive
or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many
modifications and variations will be apparent to one of ordinary
skill in the relevant arts. The embodiments were chosen and
described in order to best explain the principles of the invention
and its practical application, thereby enabling others skilled in
the art to understand the invention for various embodiments and
with various modifications that are suited to the particular use
contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be
defined by the claims and their equivalence.
* * * * *