U.S. patent application number 11/063073 was filed with the patent office on 2005-09-01 for metal gasket.
This patent application is currently assigned to Federal-Mogul Corporation. Invention is credited to Schmitz, Jeorg.
Application Number | 20050189724 11/063073 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34889940 |
Filed Date | 2005-09-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050189724 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Schmitz, Jeorg |
September 1, 2005 |
Metal gasket
Abstract
A multilayer metal gasket includes at least two metal gasket
layers formed with an aligned opening and aligned opposing sealing
beads surrounding the opening. A partial stopper layer is
interposed between the gasket layers and is of lesser area than
either of the gasket layers. The partial stopper layer extends from
the opening outwardly beyond the sealing beads and is fixed to one
of the layers on only one side of the sealing beads and is free on
the opposite side.
Inventors: |
Schmitz, Jeorg; (Walled
Lake, MI) |
Correspondence
Address: |
HOWARD & HOWARD ATTORNEYS, P.C.
THE PINEHURST OFFICE CENTER, SUITE #101
39400 WOODWARD AVENUE
BLOOMFIELD HILLS
MI
48304-5151
US
|
Assignee: |
Federal-Mogul Corporation
Southfield
MI
|
Family ID: |
34889940 |
Appl. No.: |
11/063073 |
Filed: |
February 22, 2005 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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60547981 |
Feb 26, 2004 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
277/592 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16J 2015/0862 20130101;
F16J 2015/0875 20130101; F16J 15/0825 20130101; F16J 2015/0856
20130101; F16J 2015/085 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
277/592 |
International
Class: |
F02F 011/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A multilayer metal gasket, comprising: at least first and second
gasket layers having generally planar bodies and formed with at
least one aligned hole and at least one associate sealing bead in
each of the gasket layers aligned opposite one another and
projecting out of the plane of their respective bodies in radially
outwardly spaced surrounding relation to said hole; and a partial
stopper layer disposed between said gasket layers and having an
area less than that of either of said gasket layers, said stopper
layer extending fully across said sealing bead from a position
radially inward of said sealing beads to a position radially
outward of said sealing beads, and being fixed to at least one of
said gasket layers adjacent only one side of said sealing beads and
is free on the opposite side of the sealing beads.
2. The gasket of claim 1 wherein said stopper layer is fixed to
said at least one gasket layer on the side radially inward of said
sealing beads.
3. The gasket of claim 1 wherein said stopper layer is fixed to
only one of said gasket layers.
4. The gasket layer of claim 1 wherein said stopper layer is fixed
at a radially inward end thereof.
5. The gasket layer of claim 4 wherein said stopper layer has a
radially outward end that is unattached to said gasket layers.
6. The gasket of claim 1 wherein said sealing beads project toward
one another.
7. The gasket of claim 6 wherein said stopper layer is formed with
a bead that is nested with one of said beads of said gasket
layers.
8. The gasket of claim 1 wherein said sealing beads project away
from one another.
9. The gasket of claim 8 wherein said stopper layer is planar.
10. The gasket of claim 1 wherein said sealing beads project in the
same direction.
11. The gasket of claim 1 wherein said stopper layer is planar.
12. The gasket of claim 1 wherein said stopper layer extends
radially inwardly and outwardly beyond said sealing beads.
13. The gasket of claim 1 wherein said stopper layer is fixed to
said at least one gasket layer on the side radially outward of said
sealing beads.
14. The gasket layer of claim 1 wherein said stopper layer is fixed
at a radially outward end thereof.
15. The gasket layer of claim 1 wherein said stopper layer has a
radially inward end that is unattached to said gasket layers.
16. An assembly, comprising: an engine block having at least one
cylinder opening fitted with a cylinder liner; a cylinder head; a
gasket disposed between said engine block and said cylinder head
having at least first and second gasket layers having generally
planar bodies and formed with at least one aligned hole
corresponding to said cylinder opening of said engine block and at
least one associate sealing bead in each of the gasket layers
aligned opposite one another and projecting out of the plane of
their respective bodies in radially outwardly spaced surrounding
relation to said hole; a partial stopper layer disposed between
said gasket layers and having an area less than that of either of
said gasket layers, said stopper layer extending fully across said
sealing bead from a position radially inward of said sealing beads
to a position radially outward of said sealing beads, and being
fixed to at lest one of said gasket layers adjacent only one side
of said sealing beads and is free on the opposite side of the
sealing beads, and with said gasket engaging said cylinder
liner.
17. The gasket of claim 16 wherein said stopper layer is fixed to
said at least one gasket layer on the side radially inward of said
sealing beads.
18. The gasket of claim 16 wherein said stopper layer is fixed to
only one of said gasket layers.
19. The gasket layer of claim 16 wherein said stopper layer is
fixed at a radially inward end thereof.
20. The gasket layer of claim 19 wherein said stopper layer has a
radially outward end that is unattached to said gasket layers.
21. The gasket of claim 16 wherein said sealing beads project
toward one another.
22. The gasket of claim 21 wherein said stopper layer is formed
with a bead that is nested with one of said beads of said gasket
layers.
23. The gasket of claim 16 wherein said sealing beads project away
form one another.
24. The gasket of claim 23 wherein said stopper layer is
planar.
25. The gasket of claim 16 wherein said sealing beads project in
the same direction.
26. The gasket of claim 16 wherein said stopper layer is
planar.
27. The gasket of claim 16 wherein said stopper layer extends
radially inwardly and outwardly beyond said sealing beads.
28. The gasket of claim 16 wherein said stopper layer is fixed to
said at least one gasket layer on the side radially outward of said
sealing beads.
29. The gasket layer of claim 16 wherein said stopper layer is
fixed at a radially outward end thereof.
30. The gasket layer of claim 19 wherein said stopper layer has a
radially inward end that is unattached to said gasket layers.
Description
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 60/547,981, filed Feb. 26, 2004.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] This invention relates generally to multilayer metal
gaskets, and particularly to those having at least two active bead
layers separated by a partial stopper layer.
[0004] 2. Related Art
[0005] Multilayer metal gaskets are commonly used in engine
applications to provide a seal between two members that are joined
by bolting or other clamping means, such as between a cylinder head
and an engine block, or between an exhaust manifold and the
block.
[0006] Various gasket configurations are known to the art and serve
a variety of purposes. A particular application to which the
present invention is directed is one in which the gasket is
required to be of minimal thickness and able to seal effectively
under fairly low contact pressure or able to conform to protrusions
or recessions at the seal interface, such as in a cylinder head
application where the cylinder liner protrudes above the top
sealing deck of the engine block. Under these less than ideal
sealing conditions, it is difficult to construct a seal that
satisfies all of the criteria that such an application calls
for.
[0007] For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,544,899 discloses a multilayer
metal gasket having a pair of functional layers formed with aligned
openings and aligned beads surrounding the openings. A partial
stopper layer is interposed between the functional layers in
surrounding relation to the openings. In some of the embodiments,
the stopper layer extends only partially across the sealing beads,
enabling the beads to collapse against themselves under a clamping
load. The concern here is that the full collapse of the beads could
cause at least some degree of overcompression and permanent
deformation of the beads and thus impair the sealing performance of
the gasket. In at least one other embodiment, the stopper layer
spans the full width of the beads and is welded on the opposite
sides as well as deformed into nesting relation with one of the two
opposing beads. It will be appreciated that the stopper layer in
this embodiment would serve to constrain the deformation of the
gasket layer that it is joined to by being welded on opposite sides
of the bead. Consequently, the constrained functional layer
compresses at a much higher load than that of the other layer, and
the overall compression strength of the gasket increases, making it
perhaps unsuitable for those applications calling for minimal
gasket thickness and low compressibility.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 5,628,518 discloses another type of multilayer
metal gasket which requires the middle layer to be a full layer
rather than only a partial layer. While this may be suitable for
many gasket applications, the full middle layer adds to the over
all thickness of the gasket and thus may not be suitable for
applications calling for minimal gasket thickness.
[0009] It is an object of the present invention to overcome or
greatly minimize the shortcomings of the known prior gaskets and to
provide a gasket that is best suited to minimal thickness, low
compression applications.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0010] A multilayer metal gasket constructed according to a
presently preferred embodiment of the invention comprises at least
a set of first and second gasket layers having generally planar
bodies and formed with at least one aligned hole and at least one
associated sealing bead in each of the gasket layers aligned
opposite one another and projecting out of the plane of their
respective bodies in radially outwardly spaced surrounding relation
to the hole. The gasket further includes a partial stopper layer
disposed between the gasket layers and having an area less than
that of the either of the gasket layers. The stopper layer extends
fully across the sealing bead from a position radially inward of
the sealing beads to a position radially outward of the sealing
beads and is fixed to at least one of the gasket layers adjacent
only one side of the sealing beads and is free on the opposite side
of the sealing beads.
[0011] One advantage of the present invention is that it provides a
gasket of minimal thickness with relatively soft compressibility
and controlled deformation of the sealing beads.
[0012] By extending fully across the sealing beads, the stopper
layer has the beneficial effect of providing generally uniform
compression of the complete sealing bead in all layers of the
gasket. Further, by being joined to only one side and being free on
the opposite side of the sealing beads, the stopper layer does not
overly constrain deformation of the sealing bead on the gasket
layer to which the stopper layer is joined, thereby giving more
uniform deformation of the sealing beads.
THE DRAWINGS
[0013] These and other features and advantages of the present
invention will become more readily appreciated when considered in
connection with the following detailed description and appended
drawings, wherein:
[0014] FIG. 1 is a fragmentary plan view of a gasket constructed
according to a presently preferred embodiment of the invention;
[0015] FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along lines
2-2 of FIG. 1;
[0016] FIG. 3 is a view like FIG. 2 but showing the gasket in a
compressed condition;
[0017] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative
embodiment of the invention;
[0018] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of still a further
alternative embodiment of the invention;
[0019] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of still a further
embodiment of the invention; and
[0020] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of still a further
embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0021] A multilayer metal gasket constructed according to a first
presently preferred embodiment of the invention is shown generally
at 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2 and includes at least a set of first and
second gasket layers 12, 14 and a partial stopper layer 16 between
the gasket layers 12, 14. The gasket layers 12, 14 are each
fabricated of elastic metal sheet material, such as stainless steel
or the like, and are formed with various openings through the
gasket layers, including at least one and often multiple cylinder
openings 18 for engine cylinders 20 of an engine block 22 which, in
some engines, may be fitted with a cylinder liner 24 shown in FIG.
2. The cylinder opening 18 and the gasket layers 12, 14 are aligned
and each gasket layer 12, 14 is formed with a respective elastic
sealing bead 26, 28 that encircle the opening 18. The sealing beads
26, 28 are formed as deformation of the first and second gasket
layers 12, 14 and comprise a ridge of gasket layer material,
preferably in the shape of a full bead, which projects from a plane
of a main body 30, 32 of the respective gasket layers 12, 14. The
sealing beads 26, 28 of the first and second gasket layers 12, 14
are arranged in opposing, aligned relationship such that they
oppose one another, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2. The
sealing beads 26, 28 are spaced radially outwardly of the cylinder
opening 18, defining radially inner land regions 34, 36 surrounding
the opening 18 and separating the sealing beads 26, 28 from the
opening 18. The land regions 34, 36 are part of the main body 30,
32 of the gasket layers 12, 14 and are preferably planar and
parallel to one another. On the opposite side of the sealing beads
26, 28 radially outwardly of the beads another outer land region
38, 40 has provided that likewise forms part of the main body 30,
32 and is planar and preferably parallel and still further
preferably lies in the same plane and the radially inner land
regions 34, 36, respectively, a rubberized gasket coating 42 may be
applied to the outer exposed surfaces of the gasket layers 12,
14.
[0022] The partial stopper layer 16 is arranged between the gasket
layers 12, 14, and more specifically is interposed between the
sealing beads 26, 28. The partial stopper layer is "partial" in the
sense that it has an area considerably less than the area of either
of the first or second gasket layers 12, 14. As shown in FIG. 2,
the partial stopper layer 16 extends from or near the cylinder
opening 18 radially outwardly to the land regions 38, 40 just
beyond the sealing beads 26, 28. The partial stopper layer 16 is
fixed, preferably by welding, to at least one and preferably only
one of the first and second gasket layers 12, 14. In the first
embodiment of FIG. 2, the stopper layer 16 is fixed to the first
gasket layer 12 by a weld joint 41 at a location radially inward of
the sealing beads 26, 28. An opposite outward end 43 of the stopper
layer 16 is located radially outward of the sealing beads 26, 28
and in this embodiment is free and unattached to either of the
adjacent layers 12, 14. In the first embodiment of FIG. 2 as well
as the other embodiments of the invention, it will be noted that
the stopper layer is fixed at only one of its ends, preferably the
radially inner end adjacent the cylinder opening 18, while the
other end of the stopper layer on the opposite side of the sealing
bead is unattached and free to move relative to the layer to which
it is attached when the gasket 10 is clamped under compression.
Specifically referring to the first embodiment of FIG. 2, it will
be seen that the stopper layer 16 is secured to the radially inner
land region 34 of the first gasket layer 12 at a location between
the cylinder opening 18 and the sealing bead 26. The preferred
means for securing the stopper layer 16 is welding, and preferably
laser welding, although other techniques may be employed, such as,
but not limited to riveting, adhesives, an intermediate bonding
layer, or the like. In this first embodiment, the partial stopper
layer 16 is planar. Further with this first embodiment, the aligned
sealing beads 26, 28 extend in the same direction, with the sealing
bead 26 of the first layer projecting outwardly of its main body
30, and the sealing bead 28 of the second layer 14 projecting in
the same direction toward the first gasket layer 12. The peak of
the sealing bead 28 of the second layer 14 contacts the underside
of the stopper layer 16 opposite the side attached to the first
gasket layer 12 in the region spanning the sealing bead 26 of the
first gasket layer 12.
[0023] Referring additionally to FIG. 3, there is illustrated a
condition in which the cylinder liner 24 projects slightly above a
top deck 44 of the engine block 22. The gasket 10 is sufficiently
soft in compressibility to accommodate the projecting liner and
still form a suitable seal between the block 22 and liner 24 and a
cylinder head 46 that is clamped by bolting or the like to the
block 22 as illustrated in FIG. 3. The gasket 10 is able to deform
under a relatively light clamping load to bridge the step formed
between the projecting cylinder liner 24 and the top deck 44 of the
block 20, and on the opposite side to form a seal with the cylinder
head 46 so as to seal the engine cylinder 20 from leakage. With the
stopper layer 16 being affixed to only one side of the sealing
beads 26, the stopper layer does not overly inhibit the deformation
of the sealing beads and lends to a softer, more readily
compressible gasket of reduced thickness. In particular, as shown
in FIG. 3, when the gasket is compressed, the sealing beads are
pressed toward a flat condition and tend to spread out, causing
slight movement of the gasket layers 12, 14, shown exaggerated in
FIG. 3 for purposes of illustration. Any such movement or slippage
of the gasket layers is not inhibited by the partial stopper layer
since it is fixed on only one side of the sealing beads and is free
at its opposite end 48.
[0024] A gasket 110 constructed according to a second embodiment of
the invention is shown at FIG. 4, wherein the same reference
numerals are used to indicate like features that are offset by 100.
This gasket 110 is of the same construction as that of the gasket
of FIG. 2, except that the second layer 14 is reversed in its
orientation, such that the sealing beads 126, 128 are each directed
outwardly away from one another. A further distinction is that the
stopper layer 116 is fixed to the second layer 114, although it
could as well be fixed to the first layer 112 instead. The same
benefits described above in connection with the gasket 10 of the
first embodiment are evident in the gasket 110 of the second
embodiment.
[0025] The gasket 210 constructed according to a third embodiment
of the invention is shown in FIG. 5, in which the same reference
numerals used in connection with the gasket 10 of the first
embodiment, but are offset by 200. The gasket 210 is identical in
construction to that of FIG. 4, except that the stopper layer 16 is
preformed with a bead 50 that nests with the bead 228 of the second
layer to which it is attached.
[0026] FIG. 6 illustrates a gasket 310 constructed according to a
fourth embodiment of the invention, wherein the same reference
numerals are used to indicate like features, but are offset by 300.
In this embodiment, the orientation of the first gasket layer 312
is reversed such that the sealing beads 326, 328 project inwardly
toward one another, and that the stopper layer 316, joined to the
second gasket layer 314 is preformed with a bead 52 that nests with
the sealing bead 28 of the second layer 314.
[0027] FIG. 7 illustrates a gasket 410 constructed according to a
fifth embodiment of the invention, wherein the same reference
numerals are used to designate like features, but are offset by
400. In this embodiment, the gasket constriction is identical to
that shown in FIG. 2, except that the attachment weld 441 is
located on the raidally outboard side 443 of the stopper outward of
the beads 426, 428 instead of on the radially inward side. The
portion of the stopper layer 416 radially inward of the beads 426,
428 is free an unattached to either layer 412, 414. It will also be
observed in FIG. 7 that the engine block 422 lacks a liner. This
gasket 410 is equally applicable to engines with liners and engines
without liners, as are each of the other embodiments of the
invention described above. It is to be understood that within the
scope of the present invention it is contemplated that the same
outward location of the attachment weld 441 as shown in FIG. 7
could be applied to each of the other embodiments of FIGS. 4-6.
[0028] Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present
invention are possible in light of the teachings. It is, therefore,
to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the
invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically
described. The invention is defined by the claims.
* * * * *