U.S. patent application number 10/496966 was filed with the patent office on 2005-08-11 for carotenoid formulation.
This patent application is currently assigned to Lycored Natural Products Industries Ltd.. Invention is credited to Garti, Nissim, Sedlov, Tanya, Zelkha, Morris.
Application Number | 20050175561 10/496966 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 11075877 |
Filed Date | 2005-08-11 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050175561 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Garti, Nissim ; et
al. |
August 11, 2005 |
Carotenoid formulation
Abstract
The present invention discloses the use of a lycopene coated
with a water non-soluble thin film comprising amphiphilic protein
polymer for coloring with red color, foods, pharmaceuticals or
cosmetics having fat and/or oil contents higher than 5%. The
invention further discloses a process for the preparation of stable
lycopene formulation comprising: (a) treating an isolated protein
to form a protein in a molecular form; (b) dispersing lycopene in
an aqueous solution comprising an isolated protein in a molecular
form; (c) grinding said dispersion to form lycopene particle size
of 1 to 10 .mu.m forming an homogenized mixture comprising line
particles; and optionally (d) drying the homogenized mixture.
Inventors: |
Garti, Nissim; (Ramot,
IL) ; Zelkha, Morris; (Omer, IL) ; Sedlov,
Tanya; (Beer Sheva, IL) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BROWDY AND NEIMARK, P.L.L.C.
624 NINTH STREET, NW
SUITE 300
WASHINGTON
DC
20001-5303
US
|
Assignee: |
Lycored Natural Products Industries
Ltd.
P.O. Box 320
Beer Sheva
IL
84102
|
Family ID: |
11075877 |
Appl. No.: |
10/496966 |
Filed: |
March 24, 2005 |
PCT Filed: |
November 26, 2002 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/IL02/00945 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
424/63 ;
426/250 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A23V 2200/224 20130101;
A23V 2250/50 20130101; A23V 2250/213 20130101; A23V 2200/224
20130101; A23V 2250/54 20130101; A23V 2250/213 20130101; A23V
2250/5488 20130101; A23V 2002/00 20130101; A23P 10/30 20160801;
A23L 5/44 20160801; A23V 2002/00 20130101; A61K 36/48 20130101;
A23V 2002/00 20130101; A61K 36/81 20130101; A23L 33/105
20160801 |
Class at
Publication: |
424/063 ;
426/250 |
International
Class: |
A61K 007/021; A23L
001/27 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 26, 2001 |
IL |
146737 |
Claims
1. In a method for coloring a food, pharmaceutical or cosmetic
having a fat and/or oil content greater than 5%, with a red
coloring material, the improvement wherein said red coloring
material is a lycopene coated with a water non-soluble thin film
comprising an amphiphilic protein polymer.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said lycopene is
selected from the group consisting of synthetic lycopene, tomato
pulp, and lycopene extracted from biomass.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said amphiphilic
protein is selected from the group consisting of hydrophobically
modified soy proteins, whey protein isolates, egg albumin,
lysozymes, modified pea proteins, gelatin and mixtures thereof.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said water non-soluble
thin film further comprises a colloid.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein said colloid is
selected from the group consisting of gum arabic, xanthan gum,
amidated starch, amidated pectins, food grade polysaccharides,
pectins, alginates, xanthan, tragacanth, modified pectins, modified
alginates, modified xanthan, modified tragacanth, modified starch,
moditified chitosans, maltodextrin, modified methylcellulose,
galactomannan and mixtures thereof.
6. A process for the preparation of stable lycopene formulation
comprising (a) treating an isolated protein to form a protein in a
molecular form; (b) dispersing lycopene in an aqueous solution
comprising an isolated protein in a molecular form; (c) grinding
said dispersion to form lycopene particle size of 1 to 10 .mu.m
forming an homogenized mixture comprising fine particles; and
optionally (d) drying the homogenized mixture.
7. A process according to claim 6, further comprising the step of
mixing said lycopene particles with at least one colloid in water
followed by drying.
8. A process according to claims 6, wherein said lycopene is
selected from the group consisting of synthetic lycopene, tomato
pulp, and lycopene extracted from biomass.
9. A process according to claim 6, wherein said isolated protein is
amphiphilic and is selected from the group consisting of
hydrophobically modified soy proteins, whey protein isolates, egg
albumin, lysozymes, modified pea proteins, gelatin and mixtures
thereof.
10. The method according to claim 7, wherein said colloid is is
selected from the group consisting of gum arabic, xanthan gum,
amidated starch, amidated pectins, food grade polysaccharides,
pectins, alginates, xanthan, tragacanth, modified pectins, modified
alginates, modified xanthan, modified tragacanth, modified starch,
moditified chitosans, maltodextrin, modified methylcellulose,
galactomannan and mixtures thereof.
11. A process according to claims 6, wherein said lycopene
formulation further comprises an antioxidant and/or emulsifier.
12. A process according to claim 11, wherein said antioxidant is
ascorbic acid, citric acid, tocopherol or a mixture of two or more
thereof.
13. A lycopene containing dry powder obtainable by the process of
claim 6.
14. A lycopene containing dry powder obtainable by the process of
claim 7.
15. A lycopene containing dry powder as claimed in claim 13 with a
lycopene content between 1% to 15% (w/w).
16. A method for coloring foods, cosmetics or pharmaceuticals
having an oil or fat contents higher than 5% with a natural red
color, comprising the addition of a lycopene containing powder of
claim 13.
17. A method for coloring foods, cosmetics or pharmaceuticals
having an oil or fat contents higher than 5% with a natural red
color, comprising the addition of a lycopene containing powder of
claim 14.
18. A lycopene coated with a water non-soluble thin film comprising
at least one polymer for use in coloring with red color foods,
pharmaceuticals or cosmetics having fat or oil contents higher than
5%.
19. A coated lycopene according to claim 18, wherein said lycopene
is selected from the group consisting of synthetic lycopene, tomato
pulp, or lycopene extracted from biomass.
20. A coated lycopene according to claim 18, wherein said
amphiphilic protein is selected from the group consisting of
hydrophobically modified soy proteins, whey protein isolates,
bovine serum albumin, caseines, lactoglobulins, egg albumin,
lysozymes, modified pea proteins, gelatin and mixtures thereof.
21. A coated lycopene according to claim 18, wherein said water
non-soluble thin film further comprises a colloid.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein said colloid is
selected from the group consisting of gum arabic, xanthan gum,
amidated starch, amidated pectins, food grade polysaccharides,
pectins, alginates, xanthan, tragacanth, modified pectins, modified
alginates, modified xanthan, modified tragacanth, modified starch,
moditified chitosans, maltodextrin, modified methylcellulose,
galactomannan and mixtures thereof.
23. The dry powder of claim 15 having a lycopene content of
4-8%.
24. The coated lycopene of claim 19, wherein the lycopene is
extracted from tomato pulp.
25. The process of claim 8, wherein the lycopene is extracted from
tomato pulp.
26. The method of claim 2, wherein the lycopene is extracted from
tomato pulp.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention is in the field of lycopene
formulations, a process for their preparation and their use as
additives and in particular as colorants retaining lycopene's
unique color.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Lycopene, belonging to the carotenoid family of natural
substances is abundant in various fruits and vegetables. The
compound as found in nature has a trans/cis ratio of 90:10, is
insoluble in water and has a rather limited solubility in oil or
fat. Studies have shown that frequent consumption of lycopene is
associated with decrease of chronic disorders such as cardiac and
circulatory disorders. In addition, it may contribute to prevention
of several types of cancers. Its protective function is attributed
to the fact that lycopene acts as an effective antioxidant. Its
unique intense red color led to its use as a natural food colorant.
Lycopene may be obtained, either synthetically (EP 382,067) or
extracted from tomatoes (WO 97/48,287) which have a relatively high
concentration of lycopene.
[0003] However, use of lycopene as a food supplement is associated
with several problems. Its solubility profile is problematic, being
insoluble in water and only sparingly soluble in oils and fats. In
addition, it is easily oxidized. In addition, lycopene exhibits its
unique red color only as long as it is dispersed in water and the
particles have a size of 1-10 .mu.m, preferably 1-3 .mu.m.
Particles of higher dimensions are less effective colorants.
Furthermore, upon contact with oil the lycopene particles dissolve
imparting an orange to yellow color.
[0004] As a result, lycopene is used only in dedicated
formulations, where the lycopene is protected from oxidation by
certain additives and/or the lycopene is present as finely divided
particles. WO 91/06292 and WO 94/19411 describe the grinding of
.beta.-carotene achieving a particle size of ca. 2-10 .mu.m. Dry
powders containing lycopene for use as water dispersible powders
were reported in EP 832569 and WO 98/16204. Stable pulverulent
lycopene formulations comprising lycopene having a degree of
crystallinity of greater than 20% are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
6,235,315. The stability of the pulverulent formulation is
augmented by addition of protective colloids, stabilizers and
plasticizers. U.S. 2002/0128325 discloses a process for producing
powders of stabilized carotenoids, where a carotenoid is dispersed
in a solution containing a protective colloid and lactose, and the
use of such powders in pharmaceuticals, food and cosmetics.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present invention is based on coating solid crystallized
micronized lycopene particles with a thin film comprising of water
soluble amphiphilic biopolymers such as proteins or a mixture of
proteins and hydrocolloids to form, once precipitated on the
lycopene, a film of water non-soluble net work. Such film formation
yields protected lycopene that once placed in an aqueous phase
containing lipids, prevents the lycopene from migration in its
solid form or molecular form into the lipids/oil/fats. Such coated
lycopene thus makes it possible to use lycopene in lipid phases
maintaining its typical red color, where migration into the
lipid/oil/fat phase would result in a molecular yellow hue. Such a
coated lycopene may thus be used as an additive or colorant in
foods, pharmaceuticals or cosmetic preparations having lipid
contents higher than 5%.
[0006] Thus the present invention is directed to the use of a
lycopene coated with a water non-soluble thin film comprising
amphiphilic protein polymer for coloring with red color, foods,
pharmaceuticals or cosmetics having fat and/or oil contents higher
than 5%. The water non-soluble film may further comprise a colloid.
The coated lycopene can be of any source of lycopene, e.g.,
synthetic lycopene, tomato pulp, or lycopene extracted from
biomass, preferably from tomato pulp.
[0007] The present invention is further directed to a process for
the preparation of stable lycopene formulation comprising:
[0008] (a) treating an isolated protein to form a protein in a
molecular form;
[0009] (b) dispersing lycopene in an aqueous solution comprising an
isolated protein in a molecular form;
[0010] (c) grinding said dispersion to form lycopene particle size
of 1 to 10 .mu.m forming an homogenized mixture comprising fine
particles; and optionally
[0011] (d) drying the homogenized mixture.
[0012] The process may further comprise the step of mixing said
lycopene particles with at least one colloid in water followed by
drying. Optionally, the lycopene may be grinded separately and then
added to the aqueous solution of isolated protein.
[0013] The lycopene used may be of any source, e.g., synthetic,
naturally extracted or a crude biomass-comprising lycopene. The
formulation may further comprise antioxidants and/or emulsifiers.
All additives to the lycopene forming the formulation are
food-grade.
[0014] The present invention is further directed to a lycopene
containing dry powder obtained by the above process. Such a dry
powder is having typically a lycopene content of 1% to 15% (w/w),
preferably from 4% to 8%.
[0015] The present invention is yet further directed to a method
for coloring in red natural color, foods, cosmetics or
pharmaceuticals having an oil or fat contents of at least 5% using
the dried homogenized lycopene formulation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0016] The following description is illustrative of embodiments of
the invention. The following description is not to be construed as
limiting, it being understood that the skilled person may carry out
many obvious variations to the process.
[0017] Throughout the description, percentages are weight by weight
unless specifically noted differently. The term "lipid" encompasses
oil and fat.
[0018] As mentioned the present invention is directed to the use of
lycopene coated with a water non-soluble thin film comprising
amphiphilic protein polymer for coloring with red color, foods,
pharmaceuticals or cosmetics having lipid contents higher than 5%.
The invention is further directed to a process for formulating
lycopene enabling its use in foods, pharmaceutical or cosmetic
preparations having a lipid content higher than 5% maintaining its
red color. Lycopene upon coming into contact with foods
pharmaceutical or cosmetic preparations having such oil or fat
contents tends to dissolve in the lipid phase. The result of such
dissolving is the loss of its unique red color. Thus in order to
prevent such migration and enable the use of lycopene as an
additive to such matrices having high oil or fat contents
maintaining its unique red color, a process for the coating of
lycopene is disclosed. According to the present invention the
lycopene is coated with a transparent film thus prohibiting the
migration of the lycopene into the oil or fat phases. The
transparent film is composed of an amphiphilic protein. Another
option is to add a colloid to the protein-coated lycopene. The
lycopene that may be coated according to the present invention may
be in any of its forms, non-limiting examples being synthetic
lycopene, lycopene extracted from its natural source, e.g. tomatoes
or even a crude biomass-comprising lycopene. The amphiphilic
proteins used by the present invention are proteins which posses
lipophilic amino acids in their chains. Examples of amino acids
that impart the desired lipophilicity are leucine, isoleucine,
phenylalanine and valine. In addition, proteins that consist of low
contents of cystine and cystein in their chains and that tend to
cross-link only under extreme conditions of pressure or temperature
can be used. Such proteins are surface active and upon an
interaction with lycopene, in any of its forms, interact with
lycopene fibers and adsorb thereon, forming a thin layer of protein
coating the lycopene fiber. Non limiting examples of proteins are
hydrophobically modified soy proteins, whey protein isolates, egg
albumin, lysozymes, modified pea proteins and gelatin or mixtures
thereof. Modification of proteins may be done either by hydrolizing
the proteins, by chemical reaction or by enzymes. The protein in
its natural 3-dimensional structure can not be used as a coating
film. Rather, the protein should initially be transferred into
molecular form by dispersing the protein in water, adjusting the pH
to the range of 9 to 10, heat the dispersion, cool and
lyophilize.
[0019] Certain colloids may be attracted to proteins by hydrophobic
or by charge interactions to form protein-colloid complexes. Thus
in addition to coating of lycopene by amphiphilic protein, the
lycopene according to the present invention may be coated by a
protein-colloid film resulting from the interaction of the
amphiphilic protein with colloids, forming a coating film
comprising of protein and colloid. Such a film, if strongly and
effectively adsorbed, is resistant to water dilution and protects
lycopene from migrating into oil or fat phases. Non limiting
examples of colloids are proteinceous polysaccharides hydrocolloid
or protective colloids, wherein said proteinceous polysaccharides
hydrocolloid is selected from the group consisting of gum arabic,
xanthan gum, amidated starch, amidated pectins; and said protective
colloids are selected from the group consisting of food grade
polysaccharides, polysaccharides, or gums selected from pectins,
alginates, xanthan, tragacanth, or their modified structures,
modified starch, moditified chitosans, maltodextrin, modified
methylcellulose, galactomannan or mixtures thereof.
[0020] The lycopene powder, either as a dry biomass, crystalline
lycopene or wet biomass, is formulated according to the present
invention by dispersing lycopene in an aqueous solution comprising
an isolated protein in molecular form and the dispersion is grind
homogenized to give lycopene particles having a particle size of
from 1 to 10 .mu.m, preferably from 1 to 5 .mu.m and most
preferably from 1 to 3 .mu.m. It should be understood that the
grinding is a prerequisite enabling the coating of the lycopene by
the protein. Such grinding ensures the coating of the entire
lycopene fiber in a protein film. The resulting solution comprising
of the coated lycopene may be used for coloring and/or additive in
foods, pharmaceuticals or cosmetics. Alternatively, the lycopene
may be dried to yield a powder, which has a lycopene content of
from 1% to 15% (w/w), preferably from 2% to 10% and most preferably
from 4% to 8%.
[0021] As mentioned the protein film coating the lycopene may
further interact with colloids utilizing possible hydrophobic or
charge interactions thus forming a coating film comprising of
colloid bound protein. It should be noted that the coating film,
either protein or protein/colloid may further comprise antioxidants
and/or emulsifiers added at the stage of grinding. Such
antioxidants and/or emulsifiers are added at the stage of added at
least one colloid. Non limiting examples of antioxidants are
ascorbic acid, citric acid, tocopherol or ascorbel palmitate. A
mixture of ascorbic and citric acids (1:1 wt. ratio) is added to
the mixture comprising of the lycopene/protein dry powder and
colloid in water. Non limiting examples of emulsifiers are Tween,
polyglycerols esters, sugar esters, lecitins, castor oil and
ethoxylated castor oil.
[0022] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention,
the coated lycopene is used as a colorant for foods,
pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Accordingly, the coated lycopene
formulation is added to foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics to
impart a red color. Said lycopene formulation is added to the
foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics during the process of their
preparation. The stage at which the lycopene formulation is added
in said preparation process may vary and may be determined by the
skilled artisan.
[0023] The amount of lycopene formulation effective for imparting
the desirable red color to the product may vary. The amount of
lycopene formulation added is calculated on the basis of lycopene,
wherein the amount of lycopene is 10 to 200 ppm.
[0024] The invention will now be described by the following
non-limiting examples, where it should be stressed that calculation
of tomato pulp to soy mass weight ratios is based on 10-200 ppm
Lycopene in said final composition. The tomato pulp is a biomass of
tomato after the removal of most of the water-soluble fraction. The
tomato pulp may be used as is or dried prior to its use.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
Process for Coating Crystalline Lycopene
[0025] 100 g isolated Soy protein SUPRO.RTM. EX34K (Protein
Technologies International Belgium) were dissolved in 1000 g water
(30 minutes at 40-50.degree. C.). 50 g pure crystalline lycopene
(Lyc-O-Mato.RTM. 70%) were added to the solution. Thorough mixing
resulted in a homogenous mixture, which was grounded in a ball-mill
to yield lycopene having a particle size of 1-3 .mu.m. The ground
lycopene was mixed with 650 g modified starch (Mira cup, Staley,
USA) and 1000 g water (TDS of mixture ca. 30%). The mixture was
immediately spray dried to a cold water dispersible oil resistant
powder having a lycopene contents of ca. 6% (Lyc-O-Mato.RTM. 6%
OR).
Example 2
Industrialized Process for Coating Crystalline Lycopene
[0026] 2.5 kg of Soy Isolated Protein EX 33K (P Production) were
dissolved to yield a 6% protein water solution (41.7 kg solution)
pH adjusted in the range of 9-10 and the solution was cooked for 1
hr at 80.degree. C. The antioxidants, Ascorbyl Palmitate and
.alpha.-Tocopherol were added at an amount of 1% (0.04 kg each)
from total solids (pH maintained in the range of 9-10). 1 kgp of
lycopene (1.54 kg 65% lycopene) were homogenized with the protein
solution {where the resulting 43 kg solution may be used as a
mixture for drinking comprising of 4.12 kg total solids and 2.32%
lycopene}. The homogenized protein-lycopene solution is ground
after which are add 7.7 kg of Mira cap (modified starch) and
homogenized. TDS before drying 23.3% Lycopene concentration in dry
finish product 8.04% with 5% moisture. The quantities of each
component are summarized in the table below.
1 Lyc-O-Mato 70% 1 kg Pure (1.54 kg as is) Protein EX 33K 2.5 kg
Ascorbyl Palmitate 0.04 kg .alpha.-Tocopherol 0.04 kg Mira cap 7.7
kg Total solids 11.82 kg Lycopene in dry product 8.46% Lycopene in
dry powder with 8.04% 5% moisture
[0027] Application: 1000 g of vegetable protein mass (fat contents
of 16%) mixture with 0.8 g of Lyc-o-mato.RTM.8% OR. Pack in
polyethylen casing and cooking 30 min at 90.degree. C. Colour after
cooking--pink, without orange hue.
Example 3
[0028] Disperse 0.1 g isolated soy protein EX-34K in 99 g H.sub.2O.
Adjust pH of suspension to 9.2 with 0.5 M NaOH. Heat the dispersion
at 70.degree. C. for 30 min. Cool to room temperature and dry by
lyophilization. Dissolve 0.1 g of lyophilized powder (water-soluble
protein) in 100 g H.sub.2O. Add 10 g of tomato pulp (Lycored).
Homogenize pulp suspension using "Silverson" dispersing machine
(1000 rpm). Dry pulp with protein by spray dry method.
[0029] Application: Add dried powder (10.1 g) to 1270 g soy mass
("Tivall"), homogenize, pack under vacuum in special cover, heat in
water (90.degree. C., 15 min.) and store. The soy mass remains with
a pink-red color.
Example 4
[0030] Disperse 0.1 g isolated soy protein EX-34K in 99 g H.sub.2O.
Adjust pH of suspension to 9.2 with 0.5 M NaOH. Heat the dispersion
at 70.degree. C. for 30 min. and cool to room temperature. Add 10 g
of tomato pulp (Lycored) to prepared solution (of water-soluble
protein). Continue further like in Example 3.
Example 5
[0031] Disperse 0.05 g isolated soy protein EX-34K in 99 g
H.sub.2O. Adjust pH of suspension to 10.2 with 0.5 M NaOH. Heat the
dispersion at 70.degree. C. for 30 min and cool to room
temperature. Dry by lyophilization. Dissolve 0.1 g of lyophilized
powder in 100 g H.sub.2O. Add 10 g of tomato pulp (Lycored).
Homogenize suspension. Dry by spray dry method.
[0032] Application: Add dried powder to 1270 g soy mass ("Tivall"),
homogenize, pack under vacuum in special cover, heat in water
(90.degree. C., 15 min.) and store. The soy mass remains with a
pink-red color.
Example 6
[0033] Disperse 0.2 g of isolated soy protein 590 in 99 g H.sub.2O.
Adjust pH of suspension up to 9.2 as per need with 0.5 M NaOH. Heat
the dispersion at 70.degree. C. for 30 min. Cool to room
temperature and dry by lyophilization. Dissolve 0.2 g of
lyophilized powder in 100 g H.sub.2O. Add 11 g of tomato pulp
(Lycored), homogenize pulp suspension (Silverson machine). Dry pulp
with protein by spray dry method. Application: Add dry powder (11.2
g) to 1270 soy mass ("Tivall"), homogenize, pack under vacuum in
specific cover, heat in water (90.degree. C., 15 min.) and store.
The soy mass remains with a pink-red color.
Example 7
[0034] Disperse 0.5 g isolated soy protein 590 in 99 g H.sub.2O.
Adjust pH of suspension to 9.4 with 0.5 M NaOH. Heat the dispersion
at 70.degree. C. for 30 min. Cool to room temperature. Add 10 g of
tomato pulp (Lycored) to prepared solution of water-soluble
protein. Homogenize dispersion (Silverson machine) and dry by spray
dry method.
[0035] Application: Add dry powder (10.5 g) to 1270 g soy mass
("Tivall"), homogenize, pack under vacuum in special cover, heat in
water (90.degree. C., 15 min.) and store.
[0036] Although the invention has been described in conjunction
with specific embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives and
variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of
the foregoing description. Accordingly, the invention is intended
to embrace all of the alternatives and variations that fall within
the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *