U.S. patent application number 11/095149 was filed with the patent office on 2005-08-04 for head and neck protection system.
Invention is credited to Aaron, Todd D..
Application Number | 20050166303 11/095149 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 46304252 |
Filed Date | 2005-08-04 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050166303 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Aaron, Todd D. |
August 4, 2005 |
Head and neck protection system
Abstract
A head and neck protection system includes a head protector, a
shoulder protector, and a neck guard for protecting a person from
injury. The neck guard detachably connects between the head
protector and the shoulder protector and includes a collar. The
collar has a first edge and a second edge spaced apart from the
first edge. The first and second edges include fastening means for
detachably coupling the collar between the head protector and the
shoulder protector. In one embodiment, the collar has a perimeter
that flares outwardly as the collar extends from the head protector
to the shoulder protector. The collar is formed of an
anti-ballistic material to protect the person from injury from
bullets, fragments and other projectiles. The collar interconnects
the head protector with the shoulder protector to form a restraint
that limits displacement of the head protector relative to the
shoulder protector.
Inventors: |
Aaron, Todd D.; (Lafayette
Hill, PA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
DANN, DORFMAN, HERRELL & SKILLMAN
1601 MARKET STREET
SUITE 2400
PHILADELPHIA
PA
19103-2307
US
|
Family ID: |
46304252 |
Appl. No.: |
11/095149 |
Filed: |
March 31, 2005 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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11095149 |
Mar 31, 2005 |
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10704780 |
Nov 10, 2003 |
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6874170 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
2/422 ;
2/2.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A42B 3/105 20130101;
A63B 2102/24 20151001; A63B 2243/007 20130101; A63B 71/10 20130101;
A42B 3/0473 20130101; A63B 59/20 20151001; A63B 71/1291 20130101;
A63B 2071/1208 20130101; A63B 2102/14 20151001; A41D 13/0512
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
002/422 ;
002/002.5 |
International
Class: |
A42B 001/24 |
Claims
I claim:
1. A head and neck protector for use with head gear and gear worn
over the torso, comprising: A. a neck guard formed of
anti-ballistic material having a first edge and a second edge in
spaced relation to the first edge; and B. a first fastening means
disposed along the first edge for attaching said neck guard to said
head gear.
2. The head and neck protector of claim 1 comprising a second
fastening means disposed along the second edge of said neck guard
for attaching said neck guard to said gear worn over the person's
torso.
3. The head and neck protector of claim 1, wherein the first
fastening means comprises a detachable fastening means selected
from the group consisting of snap fasteners, zippers, hook and loop
fasteners, and combinations thereof.
4. The head and neck protector of claim 1, wherein the first
fastening means comprises a plurality of snap fasteners that engage
with a plurality of snap connectors on the head gear.
5. The head and neck protector of claim 1, wherein the first edge
is shorter in length than the second edge, and said neck guard
forms a frusto-conical neck brace surrounding the neck.
6. The head and neck protector of claim 1, wherein the neck guard
forms a continuous barrier surrounding the neck.
7. The head and neck protector of claim 1, comprising a third edge
and a fourth edge, said third edge and said fourth edge extending
generally transverse to the first and second edges.
8. The head and neck protector of claim 1, wherein the
anti-ballistic material comprises a para-aramid fiber.
9. A head and neck protection system for protecting a person
against injury, comprising: A. a head protector; and B. a neck
guard formed of an anti-ballistic material, said neck guard being
connected with the head protector, said neck guard comprising: (1)
a first edge and a second edge in spaced relation from the first
edge; and (2) a first fastening means extending along the first
edge of the neck guard, said first fastening means being configured
to detachably couple the neck guard with the head protector.
10. The head and neck protection system of claim 9 comprising
shoulder gear connected with said neck guard.
11. The head and neck protection system of claim 10 comprising a
second fastening means extending along the second edge of the neck
guard, said second fastening means being configured to detachably
couple the neck guard with said shoulder gear.
12. The head and neck protection system of claim 10 wherein said
shoulder gear is selected from the group consisting of a vest, a
jacket and a uniform.
13. The head and neck protection system of claim 9, wherein the
first fastening means comprises a detachable fastener selected from
the group consisting of snap fasteners, zippers, hook and loop
fasteners, and combinations thereof.
14. The head and neck protection system of claim 9, wherein the
neck guard comprises a frusto-conical neck brace surrounding the
neck.
15. The head and neck protection system of claim 9, wherein the
neck guard comprises a continuous barrier around the neck.
16. The head and neck protection system of claim 9, wherein the
neck guard comprises a third edge and a fourth edge, said third
edge and said fourth edge extending generally transverse to the
first and second edges.
17. The head and neck protection system of claim 9, wherein the
anti-ballistic material comprises a para-aramid fiber.
18. A head and neck guard for use with a head protector and
shoulder gear for protecting a person against injury to the head or
neck, comprising: a strip of anti-ballistic material having first
and second edge portions in spaced relation to each other, and
first and second end portions in spaced relation to each other,
said strip of anti-ballistic material having a length that is
dimensioned such that said strip can be extended substantially
around the entire neck area of the person; a first fastening means
disposed along the first edge portion for attaching said strip to
the head protector; and a second fastening means disposed along the
second edge portion for attaching said strip to the shoulder
gear.
19. A head and neck guard as set forth in claim 18 wherein said
strip of anti-ballistic material comprises a para-aramid fiber.
20. A head and neck guard as set forth in claim 18 wherein the
first edge portion has a length that is shorter than the length of
the second edge portion, whereby said strip of anti-ballistic
material is adapted to form a frusto-conical shape when attached
between the head gear and the shoulder gear.
21. A head and neck guard as set forth in claim 18 wherein said
strip of anti-ballistic material has a thickness that is selected
to provide resistance to elongation, and provide flexibility to
permit rotation of the person's head about a vertical axis of the
person's neck.
22. A head and neck guard as set forth in claim 18 wherein the
length of said strip is dimensioned to provide a gap between the
first and second end portions when the guard is positioned around
the neck area of the person.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part application of
U.S. application Ser. No. 10/704,780 filed Nov. 10, 2003, the
entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates generally to safety equipment,
and particularly to protective gear for the head and neck that can
be used in a variety of activities involving risk of injury.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Athletes use a variety of protective helmets and pads when
participating in sports. For example, athletes who participate in
football, lacrosse, hockey, auto racing and equestrian competition
routinely use helmets for head protection. Safety standards for
protective gear frequently conflict with other concerns, such as
comfort. As a result, many head and neck guards sacrifice comfort
for safety, or vice versa. A number of head and neck guards in the
present state of the art have large bulky components that surround
the head, neck and shoulders. Although these guards reduce the risk
of injury, they add significant weight to the athlete's gear and
interfere with the athlete's mobility. Some head and neck guards
include elaborate cages or masks around the head that obstruct the
athlete's vision. A few head and neck guards include springs or
hydraulic pistons that are designed to absorb shocks. Although
springs and pistons can dissipate energy during a head collision,
they are prone to wear and add significant weight to the equipment.
Other head and neck guards provide support only for the rear of the
head and neck. The rear support protects the person's head and neck
when the head is deflected rearwardly, but fails to provide
protection when the head is deflected in other directions.
[0004] Head and neck guards in the present state of the art are
also costly for the user. Many head and neck guards are designed
for specific sports or are compatible only with specific brands of
equipment. Individuals who participate in multiple sports must
purchase equipment that is specifically designed for each sport.
The expense of purchasing separate equipment for each sport can be
excessive. In addition to cost, many head and neck guards are
difficult to put on and remove. For all of the foregoing reasons it
can be seen that head and neck guards in the present state of the
art leave much to be desired in the areas of safety, comfort, cost
and ease of use.
[0005] The protective gear presently used in football has specific
drawbacks arising from the extreme level of physical contact in the
sport. Football players routinely collide with opponents as part of
the game, and a large number of body contacts occur on a player's
helmet. Impact forces on a football helmet are directed into the
player's head and down through the neck and spine. As a result,
compression forces are directly imposed on the neck and spine,
creating significant risk of injury. The known football helmets are
usually unrestrained other than by a chin strap. Furthermore, the
helmets are usually disconnected from other parts on the uniform.
These design limitations permit a player's head to deflect in any
direction and at a severe angle during a collision with another
player. If the player experiences a high speed helmet collision,
the collision can cause severe neck injury, including neck
hyperextension (rearward deflection of the neck) or neck
hyperflexion (forward deflection of the neck). Football players
seldom wear padding over their necks, leaving their necks
completely exposed. As a result, there is no protection against
cuts, abrasions, or other surface injuries on the neck, which can
be caused by contact with other players. Nor is there any
protection against the effects of cold winds, rain, snow, or other
elements.
[0006] Most football helmets are secured on the football player's
head by a chin strap, which prevents the helmet from being knocked
off of the player's head during a helmet collision. The chin strap
can rub against the player's chin, collect perspiration, and prove
very uncomfortable for the player. This discomfort can discourage
players from using chin straps, subjecting the players to a greater
risk of head injury. Even when worn, chin straps are not without
their own risks, and tightly worn chin straps can actually
exacerbate a head injury. The disadvantages of tight chin straps
are best understood by appreciating the advantages of a football
helmet that slides a small degree on the player's head. To protect
a player from head injury, the football helmet must absorb and
dissipate energy from the collision before the impact force reaches
the player's head. A small amount of sliding between the helmet and
the player's scalp is preferable, because the friction between the
sliding helmet and the scalp dissipates some of the energy from the
helmet collision. A tight chin strap prevents sliding motion of the
helmet on the scalp, and energy from the helmet collision travels
through the helmet and directly to the player's head. Therefore, it
is desirable to have a football helmet restraint that secures the
football helmet to the head, while avoiding the problems associated
with chin straps.
[0007] The foregoing drawbacks are not just seen in safety
equipment used in sports. Helmets used by military and law
enforcement personnel have many of the same problems, including
excessive bulk and weight, limited flexibility, lack of comfort and
insufficient support of the head and neck and other limitations.
Many helmets used in the military leave large areas of head and
neck exposed and unprotected. In addition, many military helmets
are prone to significant shifting on the head, requiring the use of
chin straps similar to those used with football helmets. As noted
above, chin straps can be very uncomfortable, discouraging many
from using them. Military personnel who decline to use chin straps
are at risk of losing their helmets, putting themselves at greater
risk of sustaining a serious head injury.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The problems associated with the known types of protective
gear are solved to a great degree by a head and neck protection
system in accordance with the present invention. In a first aspect
of the invention, a head and neck protector includes a neck guard
formed of anti-ballistic material having a first edge and a second
edge in spaced relation to the first edge. A first fastening means
is disposed along the first edge for attaching the neck guard to
clothing or head gear. The neck guard may also include a second
fastening means disposed along the second edge for attaching the
neck guard to gear worn over the person's torso. The first edge may
be shorter in length than the second edge, so that the neck guard
forms a frusto-conical shape around the neck. The anti-ballistic
material is preferably formed of one or more para-aramid fiber
materials.
[0009] In a second aspect of the invention, a head and neck
protection system includes a head protector and a neck guard formed
of an anti-ballistic material. The neck guard includes a first
edge, a second edge in spaced relation from the first edge, and a
first fastening means extending along the first edge of the neck
guard. The first fastening means is configured to detachably couple
the neck guard with the head protector. The head and neck
protection system may include additional components, such as
shoulder gear that is connected to the neck guard. The neck guard
may include a second fastening means extending along the second
edge of the neck guard for coupling the neck guard to the shoulder
gear. The neck guard may be adapted to form a frusto-conical shape
that surrounds the neck. The anti-ballistic material may be formed
of one or more para-aramid fiber materials.
[0010] In a third aspect of the invention, a head and neck guard
for use with a head protector and shoulder gear includes a strip of
anti-ballistic material having first and second edge portions in
spaced relation to each other, and first and second end portions in
spaced relation to each other. The strip of anti-ballistic material
has a length that is dimensioned such that said strip can be
extended substantially around the entire neck area of the person. A
first fastening means is disposed along the first edge portion for
attaching the strip to the head protector. A second fastening means
is disposed along the second edge portion for attaching the strip
to the shoulder gear. The strip of anti-ballistic material may be
formed of one or more para-aramid fibers. In addition, the strip of
anti-ballistic material is preferably adapted to form a
frusto-conical shape when attached between the head gear and the
shoulder gear and around the neck of a wearer.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The foregoing summary as well as the following description
will be better understood when read in conjunction with the drawing
figures in which:
[0012] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a head and neck protection
system in accordance with the present invention.
[0013] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the head and neck
protection system of FIG. 1.
[0014] FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of a neck guard used in the
head and neck protection system of FIG. 1, showing a first side of
the neck guard.
[0015] FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of the neck guard used in
the head and neck protection system of FIG. 1, showing a second
side of the neck guard.
[0016] FIG. 5 is a side elevation view of an alternate embodiment
of a neck guard in accordance with the present invention.
[0017] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a
head and neck protection system in accordance with the present
invention.
[0018] FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the head and neck
protection system of FIG. 6.
[0019] FIG. 8 is a side elevation view of a neck guard used in the
head and neck protection system of FIG. 6, showing a first side of
the neck guard.
[0020] FIG. 9 is a side elevation view of the neck guard used in
the head and neck protection system of FIG. 6, showing a second
side of the neck guard.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0021] Referring to the drawing figures, and in particular to FIG.
1, a head and neck protection system 12 is shown. The protection
system 12 includes a head protector 20, a neck guard 30, and
shoulder gear 50. The neck guard 30 is connected between the head
protector 20 and the shoulder gear 50 to form a shock-absorbing
brace between the head protector and shoulder gear that
substantially prevents hyperextension of the neck, hyperflexion of
the neck, and other serious head and neck injury. The neck guard 30
is sufficiently flexible and light-weight to permit normal head
rotation about the axis of the wearer's neck.
[0022] The protective system 12 is intended for use in a variety of
activities that involve risk of injury to the head, neck and spine.
For example, the protective system 12 may be used in a variety of
sports and recreational activities, including but not limited to
football, auto racing, motorcycling, lacrosse, and equestrian
competition. Therefore, the protective system 12 may include
different forms of protective gear. In the case of auto racing, for
example, the neck guard 30 may be connected between a racing helmet
and a fire suit. In equestrian competition, the neck guard 30 may
be connected between a helmet and a jacket or vest. The term "head
protector" encompasses a variety of head gear, including but not
limited to hats, helmets, face guards and face shields. The term
"shoulder gear" or "shoulder protector" encompasses a variety of
equipment and apparel worn over the shoulder, chest or torso,
including but not limited to shoulder pads, jerseys, vests,
jackets, fire suits, or body armor. In the following description,
the protection system 12 will be described as it would be applied
in sports, and particularly in the sport of football, where the
protection system may include a football helmet 20 and shoulder
pads 50.
[0023] Referring now to FIG. 2, the neck guard 30 includes a collar
31 that is formed to extend substantially around a person's neck.
The collar 31 has a first edge portion 32 constructed to connect
with a base portion of the football helmet 20, and a second edge
portion 34 constructed to connect with the shoulder pads 50. When
the collar 31 is connected with the football helmet 20 and shoulder
pads 50, the collar forms a protective restraint that absorbs shock
and limits displacement of the head and neck. The neck guard 30
secures the helmet 20 to the shoulder pads 50, substantially
preventing the dislodging or removal of the helmet during contact.
As a result, the neck guard 30 may be used in conjunction with or
in place of a chin strap.
[0024] The helmet 20 has a hollow body 23 and a face opening 24
that partially exposes the player's face when the helmet is placed
over the player's head. A face mask 26 extends over the face
opening 24 to protect the player's face from injury. The neck guard
30 engages with the base of helmet 20 and provides an annular
buttress or brace around the base of the helmet. The first edge 32
of the collar 31 extends around the base of the helmet 20 in a
generally circular arrangement. The neck guard 30 extends
downwardly toward the shoulder pads 50 and surrounds the person's
neck. The second edge 34 of the collar 31 connects with the
shoulder pads 50 in a generally circular arrangement, similar to
the circular arrangement of the first edge 32.
[0025] The neck guard 30 extends around the player's neck in a
tubular fashion, covering a substantial portion of the player's
neck. In this arrangement, the neck guard shields the neck to
substantially prevent the occurrence of neck abrasions,
lacerations, cuts or irritations caused by contact with other
players, harsh winds or other elements. Referring to FIGS. 3-4, the
second edge 34 of the collar 31 is preferably longer than the first
edge 32, so that the collar 31 has a generally trapezoidal shape
when the collar is laid flat. In this configuration, the collar 31
forms a generally frusto-conical enclosure around the player's neck
when the collar is connected between the helmet 20 and shoulder
pads 50. The collar 31 flares radially outwardly as it extends from
the helmet 20 toward the shoulder pads 50. The flared profile of
the neck guard 30 distributes forces outwardly and away from the
neck and spine. The neck guard 30 may also be formed with other
configurations to distribute forces away from the helmet. For
example, the strip may be hourglass-shaped with the first and
second edges of the collar 31 of more or less equal length so as to
form a generally cylindrical tube of uniform diameter when the neck
guard is placed around the neck between the helmet 20 and shoulder
pads 50.
[0026] The outwardly expanding neck guard 30 in the preferred
embodiment provides significant advantages over other neck guard
configurations. Since the wall of the collar 31 expands outwardly
as it extends from the helmet 20 to the shoulder pads 50, the
collar absorbs forces applied to the helmet and disperses those
forces outwardly to the shoulders and torso. With this arrangement,
forces are directed outwardly and away from the spine and
vertebrae, reducing the risk of head and spinal injury. The collar
31 also anchors the position of the helmet 20 relative to the
shoulder pads 50 to limit lateral deflection of the head and over
extension of the neck during a helmet collision. The collar 31 is
configured to extend substantially around the entire neck area,
limiting displacement of the neck regardless of the direction of
contact.
[0027] The collar 31 may be formed using a variety of materials,
and the specific material used may be selected based on a number of
factors, including but not limited to the desired amounts of
flexibility and ventilation of body heat from the neck area. In the
embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the collar 31 is formed of a
strip of resilient elastomer, such as neoprene. The elastomeric
material has a thickness which is selected to provide resistance to
lateral deflection while providing sufficient flexibility to permit
rotation of the head about the axis of the neck. Other materials
and having different properties and thicknesses may also be used in
the neck guard 30 with satisfactory results. The elastic property
of elastomers provides variable resistance to stress that increases
as the material deforms. During initial stress, the elastomer
provides a relatively small amount of tensile elasticity, allowing
the collar to deform a small degree. This permits the player to
turn his/her head through a limited range about the axis of the
neck. As the collar material is stressed further, however, the
tensile elasticity increases dramatically to limit further movement
of the head about any of the axes of rotation relative to the
shoulder pads. As a result, the elastomer provides controlled
displacement of the head and neck relative to the shoulder pads.
Aside from their elastic properties, many elastomers provide a
relatively light-weight material that adds very little weight to
the player's uniform. The tensile elasticity of elastomeric
material can also provide beneficial exercise to neck muscles when
worn and stretched between a helmet and shoulder pads.
[0028] The collar 31 may be formed of one or more solid panels or
sections of material that connect around the base of the helmet 31
to form an annular restraint and shock absorbing brace. The number
of sections that form the collar is not a critical aspect of the
present invention. In FIGS. 1-5, the collar 31 is formed from a
single solid strip of material. The collar 31 may also be formed of
two or more separate panels or sections that connect around the
base of the helmet. The separate panels collectively form a
restraint and shock absorbing brace, similar to a single strip of
material.
[0029] Thus far, the collar 31 has been illustrated and described
as a solid strip of material, or solid sections of material, that
surround a substantial portion of the player's neck when connected
between the helmet 20 and shoulder pads 50. However, a solid collar
is not essential, and other collar configurations may be desirable
within the scope of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, an
alternate neck guard 130 is shown. The neck guard 130 includes a
partially open collar 131 with an array of web-like panels or
extensions 133. The panels 133 are spaced incrementally from one
another between apertures 135 formed in the collar 131. In this
arrangement, the panels 133 provide restraints that stabilize the
helmet and limit displacement of the helmet relative to the
shoulder pads. The apertures 135 provide increased flexibility and
ventilation, while reducing the weight of the neck guard 130. The
neck guard 130 may be desirable for use during hotter weather,
football practices, football scrimmages, or other conditions where
greater flexibility and ventilation are desired.
[0030] The neck guard 30 may be connected with the helmet 20 and
shoulder pads 50 in a variety of ways. For example, the neck guard
30 may be permanently connected with the helmet 20, permanently
connected with the shoulder pads 50, or permanently connected with
both the helmet and the shoulder pads. The neck guard 30 may be
permanently attached to the helmet and shoulder pads using any
suitable connection, including but not limited to high strength
adhesive or metallic rivets. In the preferred embodiment, the neck
guard 30 is detachably connected with the helmet 20 and shoulder
pads. A variety of detachable connection means may be used,
including but not limited to zippers, hook and loop fastener
strips, snap fasteners, and combinations thereof.
[0031] Referring to FIGS. 2-4, the neck guard 30 comprises a
plurality of snap fasteners 40 for connecting the collar 31 to the
helmet 20 and shoulder pads 50. The collar 31 has an inner face 47
and an outer face 48. The inner face 47 has a plurality of snap
fasteners 40 incrementally spaced along the first and second edges
32, 34 of the collar 31. The helmet 20 includes a series of snap
connectors 22 incrementally spaced around the base of the helmet.
The shoulder pads 50 include a series of similar snap connectors 52
that extend around the neck opening. The snap fasteners 40 on the
first edge 32 of the collar 31 detachably connect with the snap
connectors 22 on the helmet 20, and the snap fasteners on the
second edge 34 of the collar detachably connect with the snap
connectors 52 on the shoulder pads 50.
[0032] Referring to FIGS. 3-4, the collar 31 includes a third edge
42 and a fourth edge 44 that extend between the first and second
edges 32, 34. The first edge 32 of the collar 31 intersects with
the third and fourth edges 42, 44 of the collar to form a pair of
upper corners 37, and the second edge 34 of the collar 31
intersects with the third and fourth edges 42, 44 of the collar to
form a pair of lower corners 39. The upper corners 37 each
preferably include a snap fastener 40 configured to connect with a
snap connector 22 on the sides of face opening 24 on the helmet 20.
The lower corners 39 each preferably include a snap connector 40
configured to connect with a snap connector 52 on the front section
of the shoulder pads 50. When the neck guard 30 is connected
between the helmet 20 and shoulder pads 50, the third and fourth
edges 42, 44 of the collar are preferably separated, forming a gap
or opening 46 beneath the face mask at the front of the helmet. The
gap 46 permits ventilation of body heat that accumulates between
the neck guard and the player's skin. The gap 46 also forms a
clearance space through which the player may insert one or more
fingers to remove the neck guard from the helmet and shoulder pads,
while leaving the helmet and shoulder pads on. In this arrangement,
the neck guard can be readily connected to and detached from the
helmet 20 and shoulder pads 50. The snap fasteners 40 and snap
connectors 22, 52 may be mounted to the collar 31, helmet 20 and
shoulder pads 50 with a bonding agent, stitching, a combination of
bonding and stitching, or other connection suitable for mounting
the snap fasteners and connectors.
[0033] The operation and function of the protective system 12 will
now be described in more detail. In football, a large number of
head collisions occur on the side of the helmet, with impact forces
concentrated on one side of the player's helmet. In response to the
impact, the player's head deflects away from the source of impact.
Without neck restraints or guards, the player's head is free to
tilt and deflect in response to the collision. Helmet collisions
that occur at high speed can result in hyperextension of the neck,
hyperflexion of the neck, or other serious neck injury. The neck
guard 30 is configured to substantially prevent serious head and
neck injury by partially immobilizing the head and neck relative to
the shoulders. The collar 31 extends between the helmet 20 and
shoulder pads 50 in a relatively snug arrangement that limits the
extent to which the player's helmet can be tilted relative to the
shoulder pads. When the player experiences contact at the front of
the helmet, for example, the impact force is directed rearwardly.
The front section of the collar 31, which is initially in a relaxed
state, deflects and deforms a small amount before being pulled
taut. The small amount of deflection and deformation in the collar
permits the player's head to tilt back slightly until the collar is
pulled taut. At this point, the tensile strength of the collar 31
resists additional deformation at the front of the collar (beneath
the player's chin), thereby limiting rearward displacement of the
player's head. In the relaxed condition, the annular collar 31 is
pulled snugly between the helmet 20 and shoulder pads 50 on all
sides of the player's helmet. Therefore, the collar 31 provides
tensile resistance against head and neck displacement in any
direction. As the tensile resistance of the elastomeric collar
increases during elastic deformation, the collar effectively
absorbs energy from the impact. The flexibility of the collar 31
allows limited horizontal rotation of the neck to permit the
player's head to pivot in the horizontal plane.
[0034] The head and neck protection system of the present invention
is not limited to use in sports and recreational activities. The
system can be used in any activity, occupation or endeavor which
poses a risk of injury to the head, the neck, and/or the spine. For
example, the head and neck protection system may be used by riot
police or military personnel to absorb shock, limit displacement of
the person's head and neck, and protect the person's head and neck
from being injured by flying projectiles.
[0035] Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 7, an alternate embodiment of a
head and neck protection system 212 is shown, in an arrangement for
use by police and military personnel. The protection system 212
includes a helmet 220, a neck guard 230, and a vest 250. The neck
guard 230 is connected between the helmet 220 and the vest 250,
forming a shock-absorbing brace between the helmet and vest that
substantially prevents hyperextension of the neck, hyperflexion of
the neck, and other serious head and neck injury. The neck guard
230 is sufficiently flexible and light-weight to permit normal head
rotation about the axis of the wearer's neck.
[0036] The neck guard 230 includes one or more strips of material
that extend substantially around a person's neck. Referring now to
FIGS. 8 and 9, the neck guard includes a collar 231 having the same
attributes shown and described in connection with the collar shown
in FIGS. 3 and 4. The collar 231 has a first edge portion 232
adapted to connect with a base portion of the helmet 220 or other
head protector, and a second edge portion 234 adapted to connect
with the vest 250 or other shoulder gear. When the collar 231 is
connected to the helmet 220 and vest 250, the collar forms a
protective restraint that absorbs shock and limits displacement of
the head and neck. The neck guard 230 also secures the helmet 220
on the head by limiting movement of the helmet relative to the vest
250, substantially preventing the dislodging or removal of the
helmet during contact. As a result, the neck guard 230 may be used
in place of a chin strap.
[0037] The head and neck protection system 212 may include one or
more pieces of armor that shield and protect the body from high
speed projectiles. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the
helmet 220, neck guard 230 and vest 250 are formed of
anti-ballistic materials to shield the head, neck and torso from
bullets, fragments and other high speed projectiles. The helmet
220, neck guard 230 and vest 250 may be formed of one or more
anti-ballistic materials, including but not limited to ceramic
materials or para-aramid fiber materials, such as "KEVLAR" brand
fiber or "TWARON" brand fiber. Preferably, the material in the neck
guard 230 has a thickness which is selected to provide resistance
to lateral deflection while providing sufficient flexibility to
permit rotation of the head about the axis of the neck.
[0038] The helmet 220 has a hollow body 223 and a face opening 224
that partially exposes the wearer's face when the helmet is placed
on the wearer's head. The neck guard 230 engages with the base of
helmet 220 and provides an annular buttress or brace around the
base of the helmet. The first edge 232 of the collar 231 extends
around the periphery of the base of the helmet 220. The neck guard
230 extends downwardly toward the vest 250 and surrounds the
wearer's neck. The second edge 234 of the collar 231 connects with
the vest 250 around the periphery of the head opening, similar to
the arrangement of the first edge 232. In this arrangement, the
neck guard 230 forms a continuous barrier substantially completely
around the person's neck and portions of his/her head.
[0039] The neck guard 230 wrapped around the neck forming a
protective brace that covers a substantial portion of the neck. The
anti-ballistic materials in the neck guard 230 protects the head
and neck area from bullets, fragments and other high speed
projectiles. The neck guard 230 also shields the head and neck to
substantially prevent the occurrence of abrasions, lacerations,
insect bites, sun burn and other injuries. In addition, the neck
guard 230 acts as a noise insulator over the person's ears. If
desired, areas of the neck guard 230 that cover the person's ears
may be padded with noise insulating materials such as polyurethane
acoustical foam to provide additional noise insulation. This may be
desirable for personnel who discharge firearms or artillery, or who
operate loud machinery.
[0040] The second edge 234 of the collar 231 is preferably longer
than the first edge 232, so that the collar 231 has a generally
trapezoidal shape when the collar is laid flat. The collar 231
forms a generally frusto-conical enclosure when it is wrapped
around the neck and connected between the helmet 220 and vest 250.
The collar 231 flares radially outwardly as it extends from the
helmet 220 toward the vest 250. The flared profile of the neck
guard 230 distributes forces outwardly and away from the neck and
spine. The neck guard 230 may also be formed with other
configurations to distribute forces away from the helmet. For
example, the collar 231 may be hourglass-shaped with the first and
second edges of more or less equal length so as to form a generally
cylindrical tube of uniform diameter when the neck guard 230 is
placed around the neck and connected between the helmet 220 and
vest 250.
[0041] The neck guard 230 may be connected with the helmet 220 and
vest 250 in a variety of ways. For example, the neck guard 230 may
be permanently connected with the helmet 220, permanently connected
with the vest 250, or permanently connected with both the helmet
and the vest. The neck guard 230 may be permanently attached to the
helmet 220 and vest 250 using any suitable connection, including
but not limited to high strength adhesive or metallic rivets. In
the preferred embodiment, the neck guard 230 is detachably
connected with the helmet 220 and vest 250. A variety of detachable
connection means may be used, including but not limited to zippers,
hook and loop fastener strips, snap fasteners, and combinations
thereof.
[0042] Referring again to FIGS. 8 and 9, the neck guard 230
comprises a plurality of snap fasteners 240 for connecting the
collar 231 to the helmet 220 and vest 250. The collar 231 has an
inner face 247 and an outer face 248. The inner face 247 has the
plurality of snap fasteners 240 incrementally spaced along the
first and second edges 232, 234 of the collar 231. The helmet 220
includes a series of snap connectors 222 incrementally spaced
around the base of the helmet. The vest 250 includes a series of
similar snap connectors 252 that extend around the neck opening.
The snap fasteners 240 on the first edge 232 of the collar 231
detachably connect with the snap connectors 222 on the helmet 220,
and the snap fasteners on the second edge 234 of the collar
detachably connect with the snap connectors 252 on the vest
250.
[0043] The collar 231 includes a third edge 242 and a fourth edge
244 that extend between the first and second edges 232, 234. The
first edge 232 of the collar 231 intersects with the third and
fourth edges 242, 244 of the collar to form a pair of upper corners
237, and the second edge 234 of the collar 231 intersects with the
third and fourth edges 242, 244 of the collar to form a pair of
lower corners 239. The upper corners 237 each preferably include a
snap fastener 240 configured to connect with a snap connector 222
on the sides of face opening 224 on the helmet 220. The lower
corners 239 each preferably include a snap connector 240 configured
to connect with a snap connector 252 on the front section of the
vest 250. When the neck guard 230 is attached to the helmet 220 and
vest 250, the third and fourth edges 242, 244 of the collar are
preferably separated, forming a gap or opening 246 beneath the face
opening 224 at the front of the helmet. The gap 246 permits
ventilation of body heat that accumulates between the neck guard
and the person's skin. The gap 246 also forms a clearance space
through which the person may insert one or more fingers to remove
the neck guard from the helmet and vest, while leaving the helmet
and vest on. In this arrangement, the neck guard can be readily
attached to and detached from the helmet 220 and vest 250. The snap
fasteners 240 and snap connectors 222, 252 may be mounted to the
collar 231, helmet 220 and vest 250 with a bonding agent,
stitching, a combination of bonding and stitching, or other means
suitable for mounting the snap fasteners and connectors.
[0044] The dimensions on the neck guard will vary depending on the
desired amount of neck protection. In some instances, it may be
desirable to use a neck guard that protects the neck without
interfering with a person's hearing. In such a case, the neck guard
may include a shorter collar that covers the back of the neck but
does not extend over the ears. Alternatively, the neck guard may be
include a longer collar that extends over the ears and includes
small apertures to expose a small area around the ear opening.
[0045] The components of the head and neck protection system may be
manufactured, distributed and sold individually, or as a package
containing two or more items of protective gear. For example, the
neck guard may be sold alone or in conjunction with helmets,
jerseys, vests, or other gear having fasteners designed to
interconnect with fasteners on the neck guard. Alternatively, the
neck guard may be sold in conjunction with kits that permit
helmets, jerseys, vests and other gear to be retrofitted with
fasteners that connect with fasteners on the neck guard. The neck
guard may be sold with a helmet, a helmet and vest, or any other
combination of items.
[0046] The terms and expressions which have been employed are used
as terms of description and not of limitation. There is no
intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any
equivalents of the features shown and described or portions
thereof. It is recognized, therefore, that various modifications
are possible within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Accordingly, the invention incorporates variations that fall within
the scope of the following claims.
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