U.S. patent application number 11/032283 was filed with the patent office on 2005-07-14 for method of processing valve mechanism.
This patent application is currently assigned to Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki. Invention is credited to Hirose, Tatsuya, Umemura, Satoshi.
Application Number | 20050150109 11/032283 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34616850 |
Filed Date | 2005-07-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050150109 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Umemura, Satoshi ; et
al. |
July 14, 2005 |
Method of processing valve mechanism
Abstract
A method of processing a valve mechanism which includes a valve
body having a shut-off surface in the form of a convex spherical
surface, a valve hole, a valve seat formed by an opening of the
valve hole, and a spring which urges the valve body toward the
valve seat, wherein the valve mechanism is so formed that the valve
body resists the urging force of the spring in accordance with the
pressure increase in the valve hole to be separate from the valve
seat, includes the steps of: preparing a processing tool having a
processing surface in the form of a convex spherical surface which
has the same curvature radius as the shut-off surface of the valve
body; positioning the processing tool to the valve seat; and
forming the valve seat along the form of the processing surface by
pushing the processing surface of the processing tool against the
valve seat.
Inventors: |
Umemura, Satoshi;
(Kariya-shi, JP) ; Hirose, Tatsuya; (Kariya-shi,
JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
WOODCOCK WASHBURN LLP
ONE LIBERTY PLACE, 46TH FLOOR
1650 MARKET STREET
PHILADELPHIA
PA
19103
US
|
Assignee: |
Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota
Jidoshokki
|
Family ID: |
34616850 |
Appl. No.: |
11/032283 |
Filed: |
January 10, 2005 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
29/890.122 ;
29/890.132; 72/476 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10T 29/49409 20150115;
F16K 17/0406 20130101; Y10T 29/49426 20150115 |
Class at
Publication: |
029/890.122 ;
029/890.132; 072/476 |
International
Class: |
B21C 003/16; B21K
001/24 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jan 13, 2004 |
JP |
2004-005945 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method of processing a valve mechanism which includes a valve
body having a shut-off surface in the form of a convex spherical
surface, a valve hole whose opening degree is adjusted by the valve
body, a valve seat formed by an opening of the valve hole, and a
spring which urges the valve body toward the valve seat, the valve
mechanism being so formed that the valve body resists the urging
force of the spring in accordance with the pressure increase in the
valve hole to be separate from the valve seat, the method
comprising the steps of: preparing a processing tool having a
processing surface in the form of a convex spherical surface which
has the same curvature radius as the shut-off surface of the valve
body; positioning the processing tool to the valve seat; and
forming the valve seat along the form of the processing surface by
pushing the processing surface of the processing tool against the
valve seat.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the valve body is used
for the processing tool.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a member different from
the valve body is used for the processing tool.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the valve mechanism is
a relief valve for use in a hydraulic circuit.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic circuit
is a refrigerating circuit for an air conditioner, the
refrigerating circuit using a carbon dioxide as a refrigerant.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the force that pushes
the processing tool against the valve seat is set so as to have the
value more than that of the spring that pushes the valve body
against the valve seat, under the circumstances where pressure
differential is not applied to the valve body.
7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of:
plating the valve seat after the forming process of the valve
seat.
8. A tool for processing a valve seat being used upon processing a
valve mechanism which includes a valve body having a shut-off
surface in the form of a convex spherical surface, a valve hole
whose opening degree is adjusted by the valve body, the valve seat
formed by an opening of the valve hole, and a spring which urges
the valve body toward the valve seat, the valve mechanism being so
formed that the valve body resists the urging force of the spring
in accordance with the pressure increase in the valve hole to be
separate from the valve seat, comprising: a processing surface in
the form of a convex spherical surface having the same curvature
radius as the shut-off surface of the valve body.
9. The processing tool according to claim 8, wherein the processing
surface of the processing tool is the shut-off surface of the valve
body.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a valve mechanism formed by
a differential pressure regulating valve, for example, for use in a
refrigerating circuit for an air conditioner.
[0002] The refrigerating circuit for the air conditioner has used
at various portions thereof valve mechanisms formed by the
differential pressure regulating valves in order to adjust various
pressures in the refrigerating circuit. A valve mechanism disclosed
in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-324909 relieves
the pressure in a crank chamber of a refrigerant compressor which
forms a refrigerating circuit to a low-pressure region in the
refrigerating circuit when the pressure becomes extraordinarily
high.
[0003] Specifically, the valve mechanism includes a spherical valve
body, a valve hole in communication with the crank chamber, a valve
seat formed by the opening of the valve hole, and a spring which
urges the valve body toward the valve seat. When the pressure in
the crank chamber becomes extraordinarily high, force applied to
the valve body in a valve opening direction increases in accordance
with the pressure in the valve hole. Therefore, the valve body is
separated from the valve seat so as to resist the urging force of
the spring, thereby relieving the pressure in the crank chamber to
a low-pressure region through the valve hole and an opening between
the valve body and the valve seat.
[0004] As a valve mechanism for use in the refrigerating circuit,
in addition to the valve mechanism which prevents the pressure in
the crank chamber of the aforementioned refrigerant compressor from
becoming extraordinarily high, a valve mechanism (a relief valve)
which relieves extraordinarily high pressure of a high-pressure
region in a refrigerating circuit to the atmosphere is mentioned.
The valve mechanism which is used as a relief valve may have a
structure similar to the valve mechanism, which prevents the
pressure in the crank chamber of the refrigerant compressor from
becoming extraordinarily high.
[0005] However, the valve mechanism is formed so that the valve
body is urged toward the valve seat by the urging force of the
spring. Therefore, under the circumstances where the differential
pressure is not applied to the valve body, for example, when the
valve mechanism is assembled, the valve body is urged against the
valve seat with relatively large force by the urging force of the
spring. In addition, the spherical valve body is in contact with
the valve seat in a sort of angled state. Therefore, the valve body
is pushed against the valve seat with relatively large force,
thereby plastically deforming the valve seat along the form of a
part of the outer surface (the spherical surface) of the valve
body.
[0006] When the valve mechanism is assembled, no attention is paid
to it that the valve body which is directly held, is contacted with
the valve seat in a suitable position. Therefore, a contacting
position of the valve body with the valve seat may deviate from the
suitable position. When the valve body is pushed against the valve
seat in the state of being deviated from the suitable position and
the valve seat is plastically deformed, accordingly, the valve hole
cannot be securely shut off by the valve body which is stabilized
in such a state that the valve body contacts the valve seat along
the form of the plastic deformation. Therefore, even if the
pressure in the valve hole is not extraordinarily high, there is a
problem that a refrigerant gas leaks from the valve hole to a valve
chamber through the opening between valve body and the valve seat,
thereby causing deterioration of the performance of the
refrigerating circuit.
[0007] In particular, the valve mechanism, which is used as the
relief valve, requires the spring which pushes the valve body
against the valve seat so as to resist relatively large pressure
differential between the high-pressure region in the refrigerating
circuit and the atmosphere. That is, the spring requires relatively
large urging force, for example, compared to the valve mechanism,
which prevents the pressure in the crank chamber of the refrigerant
compressor from becoming extraordinarily high. Therefore, when the
relief valve is assembled, the valve body is pushed against the
valve seat with further large force by relatively large urging
force of the spring, thereby easily plastically deforming the valve
seat.
[0008] This problem gets further serious in a case where the
refrigerating circuit uses a carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, for
in a case where the carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant the
high-pressure region in the refrigerating circuit becomes further
high pressure in comparison with a case that a chlorofluorocarbon
is used as the refrigerant, thereby requiring the spring which has
further large urging force.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The present invention is directed to a method of processing
a valve mechanism in which a valve body in contact with a valve
seat securely closes a valve hole.
[0010] The present invention produces a method of processing a
valve mechanism which includes a valve body having a shut-off
surface in the form of a convex spherical surface, a valve hole
whose opening degree is adjusted by the valve body, a valve seat
formed by an opening of the valve hole, and a spring which urges
the valve body toward the valve seat. The valve mechanism is so
formed that the valve body resists the urging force of the spring
in accordance with the pressure increase in the valve hole to be
separate from the valve seat. The method includes the steps of:
preparing a processing tool having a processing surface in the form
of a convex spherical surface which has the same curvature radius
as the shut-off surface of the valve body; positioning the
processing tool to the valve seat; and forming the valve seat along
the form of the processing surface by pushing the processing
surface of the processing tool against the valve seat.
[0011] The present invention also produces a tool for processing a
valve seat being used upon processing a valve mechanism which
includes a valve body having a shut-off surface in the form of a
convex spherical surface, a valve hole whose opening degree is
adjusted by the valve body, the valve seat formed by an opening of
the valve hole, and a spring which urges the valve body toward the
valve seat. The valve mechanism is so formed that the valve body
resists the urging force of the spring in accordance with the
pressure increase in the valve hole to be separate from the valve
seat. The processing tool includes a processing surface in the form
of a convex spherical surface having the same curvature radius as
the shut-off surface of the valve body.
[0012] Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become
apparent from the following description, taken in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings, illustrating by way of example the
principles of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] The features of the present invention that are believed to
be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims.
The invention, together with objects and advantages thereof, may
best be understood by reference to the following description of the
presently preferred embodiments, together with the accompanying
drawing, in which:
[0014] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a relief
valve;
[0015] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a process for producing the
relief valve; and
[0016] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process for producing
another relief valve.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0017] A method of processing a valve mechanism according to a
preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described
below. The present preferred embodiment is embodied in a method of
processing a relief valve for use in a refrigerating circuit of an
air conditioner functioning as a fluid circuit.
[0018] First of all, the refrigerating circuit for the air
conditioner will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a refrigerating
circuit 51 includes a refrigerant compressor 52, a gas cooler 53,
an expansion valve 54 and an evaporator 55. The refrigerant
compressor 52 also includes a suction chamber 52a, a compression
chamber 52b, a discharge chamber 52c and a compressor housing 52d.
The refrigerant compressor 52 introduces a refrigerant gas from the
suction chamber 52a into the compression chamber 52b, compresses
the introduced refrigerant gas therein, and discharges the
compressed refrigerant gas into the discharge chamber 52c. The gas
cooler 53 cools down the refrigerant gas of high pressure from the
discharge chamber 52c of the refrigerant compressor 52. The
expansion valve 54 throttles the refrigerant gas from the gas
cooler 53. The evaporator 55 evaporates the refrigerant gas from
the expansion valve 54. A carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant
gas in the refrigerating circuit 51. The refrigerant compressor 52
is equipped with a relief valve 10.
[0019] A structure of the relief valve 10 will now be described.
Still referring to FIG. 1, the relief valve 10 has a valve housing
11 which forms a configuration thereof. The valve housing 11
includes a first body 12 and a second body 13. The first body 12 is
screwed into the compressor housing 52d of the refrigerant
compressor 52. The second body 13 is screwed onto the first body 12
while arranged outside the compressor housing 52d. The first body
12 has a partitioning portion 14 which is screwed into the second
body 13. The partitioning portion 14 of the first body 12 and the
second body 13 define a valve chamber 15. The partitioning portion
14 separates the valve chamber 15 from the discharge chamber 52c
which is defined in the compressor housing 52d of the refrigerant
compressor 52. The partitioning portion 14 has an end face 14a
which faces the valve chamber 15. The end face 14a has a flat
shape.
[0020] The first body 12 has formed therethrough a communication
hole 16 which extends in a direction perpendicular to the end face
14a of the partitioning portion 14. The communication hole 16
interconnects the valve chamber 15 and the discharge chamber 52c.
The discharge chamber 52c is regarded as a high-pressure region in
the refrigerating circuit 51. The second body 13 has a circular
wall which surrounds the valve chamber 15, and the circular wall
has formed a plurality of ports 13a which radially extends
therethrough. The valve chamber 15 is opened to the atmosphere
through the ports 13a. That is, the discharge chamber 52c of the
refrigerant compressor 52 and the atmosphere are in communication
via the communication hole 16, the valve chamber 15 and the ports
13a.
[0021] The valve chamber 15 has accommodated therein a valve body
18 which is formed by a spherical body made of steel. The valve
body 18 is movable with respect to the end face 14 of the
partitioning portion 14 in a direction in which the valve body 18
is contacted with or separated from the partitioning portion 14.
The valve chamber 15 also has accommodated therein a spring seat
19, which is movable in the valve chamber 15. The spring seat 19
has a seating face 19a in the form of a conical hollow surface on
the side of the end face 14a of the partitioning portion 14. The
seating face 19a of the seat spring 19 is contacted with the valve
body 18. The valve chamber 15 further has accommodated therein a
spring 21 made of a coil spring. The spring seat 19 is located on
the opposite side to the partitioning portion 14 in the valve
chamber 15 and supported through the spring 21 by the second body
13. The spring 21 urges the valve body 18 toward the end face 14a
of the partitioning portion 14 through the spring seat 19.
[0022] The end of the communication hole 16 located on the side of
the valve chamber 15 is opened on the end face 14a of the
partitioning portion 14. In a state where the valve body 18
contacts the end face 14a of the partitioning portion 14, a part of
the outer surface (spherical surface) of the valve body 18, in
other words, a shut-off surface 18a in the form of a convex
spherical surface is contacted with the opening of the
communication hole 16 in a circular region, thereby shutting off
the communication between the communication hole 16 and the valve
chamber 15. That is, the communication hole 16 forms a valve hole,
and the opening of the communication hole 16, which is formed on
the end face 14a of the partitioning portion 14, forms a valve seat
24. The valve seat 24 is plated with a material such as tin,
thereby relaxing a plastic deformation caused by the contact with
the valve body 18. Consequently, a sealing performance between the
valve seat 24 and the valve body 18 is improved.
[0023] In a case where the pressure in the discharge chamber 52c of
the refrigerant compressor 52 is not extraordinarily high, the
force applied to the valve body 18 in a valve opening direction
(upward in FIG. 1) becomes small in accordance with the pressure in
the communication hole 16. In this case, since the urging force of
the spring 21 roughly controls the position of the valve body 18,
the valve body 18 is in contact with the valve seat 24. Therefore,
the valve body 18 shuts off the communication between the
communication hole 16 and the valve chamber 15, thereby preventing
the refrigerant gas in the discharge chamber 52c from being
released into the atmosphere.
[0024] From this state, if the pressure in the discharge chamber
52c is about to rise extraordinarily high for any reason, the force
applied to the valve body 18 in the valve opening direction (upward
in FIG. 1) becomes excessive in accordance with the pressure in the
communication hole 16. Therefore, the valve body 18 is moved
against the urging force of the spring 21 so as to be separate from
the seat valve 24. When the communication hole 16 is connected to
the valve chamber 15 by the movement of the valve body 18, the
refrigerant gas in the discharge chamber 52c is released into the
atmosphere through the communication hole 16, the valve chamber 15
and the ports 13a, thereby preventing the pressure in the discharge
chamber 52c from extraordinarily rising.
[0025] The pressure in the discharge chamber 52c at the time when
the valve body 18 starts to be separate from the valve seat 24, in
other words, the pressure in the discharge chamber 52c upon opening
the relief valve 10, is set by adjusting the thickness of a shim 26
interposed between the first body 12 and the second body 13. That
is, by adjusting the thickness of the shim 26, not only a screwing
amount of the first body 12 (the partitioning portion 14) to the
second body 13 but also the strength of the urging force of the
spring 21, which is applied to the valve body 18 in contact with
the valve seat 24, is adjusted.
[0026] A method of processing the relief valve 10 will now be
described. Referring to FIG. 2, the first body 12, where the second
body 13 of FIG. 1 has not been screwed, is shown. In this state, a
processing tool 31 which includes the valve body 18 and a tool 32
for holding the valve body 18 is prepared. The processing tool 31
is positioned to the valve seat 24 so that a center point S of the
valve body 18 locates on a central axis L of the communication hole
16 including the center of the valve seat 24.
[0027] In this positioned state, the processing tool 31 and the
valve seat 24 are relatively moved by an operation of a processing
machine (not shown) in a direction in which the processing tool 31
and the valve seat 24 approach each other. Therefore, the shut-off
valve 18a of the valve body 18 which the holding tool 32 holds,
that is, a processing surface in the form of a convex spherical
surface provided with the processing tool 31, which has the same
curvature radius as the shut-off surface 18a of the valve body 18,
is pushed against the valve seat 24. The force of the processing
machine that pushes the valve body 18 against the valve seat 24
through the holding tool 32 is set so as to have the value more
than that of the spring 21 that pushes the valve body 18 against
the valve seat 24 through the spring seat 19, for example, under
the circumstances where the pressure differential between the
pressure in the discharge chamber 52c and the atmosphere is not
applied to the valve body 18. By thus pushing the valve body 18 of
the processing tool 31 against the valve seat 24, the shape of the
valve seat 24 is formed or plastically deformed from a circular
line (whose cross sectional view is shown by chain double-dashed
line in an enlarged circle A of FIG. 2) to a three-dimensional
shape along a part of the shut-off surface 18a of the valve body
18.
[0028] It is noted that the process in which the valve seat 24 is
plated is performed after the above-mentioned process in which the
valve seat 24 is formed by the processing tool 31. This processing
order prevents the plating not only from hindering the formation of
the valve seat 24 by the processing tool 31 but also from being
damaged by the pushing force of the processing tool 31.
[0029] The above-mentioned preferred embodiment has the following
advantageous effects.
[0030] (1) The valve seat 24 is previously plastically deformed
into its suitable state by the processing tool 31 so as not to be
plastically deformed in a state that a contacting position of the
valve body 18 with the valve seat 24 is deviated from the suitable
position. Therefore, the communication hole 16 of the relief valve
10 is securely blocked by the valve body 18 which contacts the
valve seat 24 along the form of the plastic deformation, thereby
preventing the refrigerant gas from leaking from the discharge
chamber 52c to the atmosphere in a state that the pressure in the
discharge chamber 52c is not extraordinarily high, and improving
the performance of the refrigerating circuit 51, accordingly.
[0031] (2) The valve body 18 is used for the processing tool 31. By
thus forming the valve seat 24 with the actual valve body 18 for
use in the relief valve 10, the formation is suitably
performed.
[0032] (3) In order to push the valve body 18 against the valve
seat 24 so as to resist a relatively large pressure differential
between the inside and the outside of the refrigerating circuit 51,
the relief valve 10 requires the spring 21 whose urging force is
relatively large. Heretofore, the valve seat 24 was easily
plastically deformed into its unsuitable state by pushing the valve
body 18 against the valve seat 24 with a relatively large force.
The present embodiment of the present invention is particularly
effective to be embodied in the method of processing the relief
valve 10.
[0033] (4) Since in a case where a carbon dioxide is used as a
refrigerant in the refrigerating circuit 51, a high-pressure region
(discharge chamber 52c) in the refrigerating circuit 51 becomes
extraordinarily high pressure, for example, in comparison with a
case where a chlorofluorocarbon is used as the refrigerant in the
refrigerating circuit 51, a spring 21 whose urging force is further
large is needed. Therefore, in the prior art, the valve body 18 was
pushed against the valve seat 24 further strongly and the valve
seat 24 was easily plastically deformed into its unsuitable state,
accordingly. That is, the present invention is particularly
effective to be embodied in a method of processing the relief valve
10 provided in the refrigerating circuit 51 which uses carbon
dioxide.
[0034] The present invention is modified within the scope of the
appended claims, as exemplified below.
[0035] As shown in FIG. 3, when the relief valve 10 is processed, a
member that is different from the valve body 18 may be used as a
processing tool 41 for forming the valve seat 24. The processing
tool 41 of FIG. 3 has a rod-like shape and has on the end of the
rod-like shape a processing surface 41a which forms a hemispherical
surface functioning as a convex spherical surface. The processing
surface 41a of the processing tool 41 has the same curvature radius
as the shut-off surface 18a of the valve body 18. The processing
tool 41 is pushed against the valve seat 24 through the processing
surface 41a, thereby forming the valve seat 24.
[0036] In the above-modified embodiment, the different member from
the valve body 18 is used as the processing tool 41. That is, the
different member from the valve body 18 is used exclusively as the
processing surface 41a of the processing tool 41. By providing the
processing tool 41 with the exclusive processing surface 41a, the
valve seat 24 is efficiently formed. This technique is suitable for
the mass production of the relief valve 10. Such an effect is
accomplished even by modifying the above-preferred embodiment so as
to replace the valve body 18 of the processing tool 31 by a
spherical body used exclusively for forming.
[0037] In the above-preferred embodiment, the relief valve 10 has
used the spherical body (a ball valve) as the valve body 18.
However, the valve body 18 of the relief valve 10 is not limited to
the spherical body if it has the shut-off surface in the form of
convex spherical surface. A hemispherical body may be used as the
valve body 18. That is, the processing method according to the
present invention may be adapted for the valve mechanism using the
valve body other than the valve body in the form of spherical
body.
[0038] In the above-preferred embodiment, the relief valve 10 has
used the coil spring as the spring 21. However, the spring 21 of
the relief valve 10 is not limited to the coil spring. A leaf
spring may be used as the spring 21. That is, the processing method
according to the present invention may be adapted for the valve
mechanism using the spring other than the coil spring.
[0039] In the above-preferred embodiment, the present invention is
embodied in the method of processing the relief valve 10. In a
modified embodiment to the preferred embodiment, the present
invention is embodied in a method of processing a valve mechanism
which relieves the pressure in a crank chamber of the refrigerant
compressor 52 to a low-pressure region in the refrigerating circuit
51 when the pressure becomes extraordinarily high.
[0040] The present invention is not limited to be embodied in a
method of processing a valve mechanism provided with a
refrigerating circuit which uses a carbon dioxide as a refrigerant,
but may be embodied in a method of processing a valve mechanism
provided with a refrigerating circuit which uses a
chlorofluorocarbon as the refrigerant.
[0041] The present invention is not limited to be embodied in the
method of processing the valve mechanism provided with the
refrigerating circuit, but may be embodied in a method of
processing a valve mechanism provided with an air circuit or a
hydraulic circuit.
[0042] Therefore, the present examples and embodiments are to be
considered as illustrative and not restrictive and the invention is
not to be limited to the details given herein but may be
modified.
* * * * *