U.S. patent application number 10/962457 was filed with the patent office on 2005-05-19 for lubricant composition.
This patent application is currently assigned to Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Kawata, Ken, Negoro, Masayuki.
Application Number | 20050107268 10/962457 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34567008 |
Filed Date | 2005-05-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050107268 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Negoro, Masayuki ; et
al. |
May 19, 2005 |
Lubricant composition
Abstract
Disclosed is a lubricant composition containing a compound of
formula (1) and a carboxylic acid, and exhibiting excellent
lubrication potency. 1 wherein D represents a cyclic group; X
represents a single bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1
represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having from 1 to 30
carbon atoms), an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a
sulfonyl group, or a divalent linking group of a combination
thereof; R represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl
group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; m indicates an
integer of from 2 to 11.
Inventors: |
Negoro, Masayuki;
(Minami-ashigara-shi, JP) ; Kawata, Ken;
(Minami-ashigara-shi, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BURNS DOANE SWECKER & MATHIS L L P
POST OFFICE BOX 1404
ALEXANDRIA
VA
22313-1404
US
|
Assignee: |
Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
Minami-ashigara-shi
JP
|
Family ID: |
34567008 |
Appl. No.: |
10/962457 |
Filed: |
October 13, 2004 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
508/257 ;
508/258; 508/459 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10M 2207/1213 20130101;
C10M 105/72 20130101; C10N 2030/54 20200501; C10M 2219/09 20130101;
C10M 135/32 20130101; C10M 2207/128 20130101; C10M 2207/1403
20130101; C10N 2030/06 20130101; C10M 133/42 20130101; C10M
2207/1253 20130101; C10M 2207/288 20130101; C10M 2207/141 20130101;
C10N 2020/079 20200501; C10M 2207/124 20130101; C10M 111/02
20130101; C10M 105/70 20130101; C10M 2207/2885 20130101; C10M
2219/003 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
508/257 ;
508/258; 508/459 |
International
Class: |
C10M 141/06 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Oct 15, 2003 |
JP |
2003-354773 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A lubricant composition containing a compound of the following
formula (1) and a compound of the following formula (2): 122wherein
D represents a cyclic group capable of bonding to m groups of side
branches; X independently represents a single bond, a group
NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl
group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms), an oxygen atom, a sulfur
atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, or a divalent linking
group of a combination thereof; R independently represents an alkyl
group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, or a
heterocyclic group; m indicates an integer of from 2 to 11,
123wherein R.sup.31 represents an alkyl group, analkenyl group, an
alkynyl group, or a cycloalkyl group.
2. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein D in formula (1)
is a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group.
3. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein at least one of m
groups of Rs in formula (1) contains an ester bond.
4. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the compound of
formula (1) is represented by the following formula (3): 124wherein
X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 each independently represent a single
bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom,
or an alkyl group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms), an oxygen
atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, or a
divalent linking group of a combination thereof; R.sup.1, R.sup.12
and R.sup.13 each independently represent an alkyl group, an
alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic
group, and at least one of R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 contains
an ester bond.
5. The lubricant composition of claim 4, wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2
and X.sup.3 in formula (3) are a sulfur atom or a group
NR.sup.1.
6. The lubricant composition of claim 5, wherein R.sup.1 is an
alkyl having 3 or less carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom.
7. The lubricant composition of claim 4, wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2
and X.sup.3 in formula (3) are --NH--.
8. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the compound of
formula (1) is represented by the following formula (4): 125wherein
X.sup.21, X.sup.22 and X.sup.23 each independently represent a
single bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen
atom, or an alkyl group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms), an
oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, or
a divalent linking group of a combination thereof; R.sup.21,
R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 each independently represent a substituent,
and at least one of R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 contains an
ester bond; a21, a22 and a23 each independently indicate an integer
of from 1 to 5.
9. The lubricant composition of claim 8, wherein X.sup.21, X.sup.22
and X.sup.23 in formula (4) are a sulfur atom or a group
NR.sup.1.
10. The lubricant composition of claim 8, wherein R.sup.1 is an
alkyl having 3 or less carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom.
11. The lubricant composition of claim 8, wherein X.sup.21,
X.sup.22 and X.sup.23 in formula (4) are --NH--.
12. The lubricant composition of claim 8, wherein at least one of
R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 in formula (4) is an alkoxy group
substituted with a substituent having an ester bond-containing,
linear or branched alkyl group.
13. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein R.sup.31 in
formula (2) is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or cycloalkyl group
substituted with a substituent that contains an alkyl chain having
at least 4 carbon atoms in total, an alkyleneoxy chain, a
polyfluoroalkyl chain having at least 2 carbon atoms in total, or
an organic polysilyl chain.
14. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein R.sup.31 in
formula (2) is an alkyl group substituted with an alkyleneoxy
chain-containing substituent.
15. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the compound of
formula (1) and the compound of formula (2) form complexes.
16. The lubricant composition of claim 1, which contains from 0.5
to 5 mols of the compound of formula (2) relative to one mol of the
compound of formula (1).
17. The lubricant composition of claim 1, which contains from 1 to
4 mols of the compound of formula (2) relative to one mol of the
compound of formula (1).
18. The lubricant composition of claim 1, which contains from 2 to
4 mols of the compound of formula (2) relative to one mol of the
compound of formula (1).
19. The lubricant composition of claim 1, which contains the
compound of formula (2) more than the compound of formula (1).
20. The lubricant composition of claim 1, which consists of the
compound of formula (1) and the compound of formula (2).
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention belongs to a technical field of a
lubricant composition that is fed to mechanical friction slide
members, more precisely to a technical field of a lubricant
composition that has good low-friction characteristics and good
abrasion resistance under extreme pressure and is excellent in the
durability of the effects.
[0003] 2. Description of the Background
[0004] The properties that lubricant is desired to have are that it
can lower the friction factor of mechanical friction slide members
in a broad temperature range and in a broad pressure range and it
can maintain the effect as long as possible. Not only the effect of
improving the lubricity between friction slide members, lubricant
is further desired to have an effect of imparting abrasion
resistance to friction slide members themselves. The effect of
lubricant such as engine oil of reducing the friction factor of
friction slide members and the prolongation of the life of
lubricant are directly connected with the improvement in fuel
efficiency, or that is, energy saving in machine driving. The
prolongation of the life of engine oil enables not only the
reduction in the amount of waste oil but also the reduction in the
amount of CO.sub.2 exhaust, and is therefore favorable in point of
the ecological requirements that have become specifically noted
these days. Of slide members of industrial machines, bearings and
gears are slid under especially severe friction conditions, and if
conventional lubricants such lube oil or grease are applied to such
slide members, then they may cause lubrication failure or seizure
when the lubrication conditions are severer, and therefore they
could not attain the desired low friction factor owing to scratches
formed by abrasion. As a result, it may lose the reliability of
devices. In particular, when devices are down-sized, the friction
conditions at the slide members are apt to be severer, and it is a
bar to down-sizing of devices. Accordingly, energy-saving
lubricants are desired which can improve the reliability of
devices, not causing abrasion and seizure even under severe
conditions, and can contribute toward down-sizing of devices.
[0005] Conventional lubricant heretofore known in the art generally
comprises, as the principal component thereof, a lubricant base oil
and contains a lubricant aid such as an organic compound added
thereto. Recently, in particular, an organic molybdenum compound
has become specifically noted as a lubricant aid. The organic
molybdenum compound can exhibit good properties including good
abrasion resistance, good extreme-pressure resistance (load
resistance) and low-friction characteristics, even when slide
members of machine devices are driven at high temperatures, at high
speed or low speed and under high load and even when they are
down-sized and lightweight, and can effectively exhibit good
lubrication potency under high pressure conditions, or that is,
under boundary lubrication conditions rather than under ordinary
pressure. Accordingly, the compound is specifically noted as a
material capable of exhibiting such specific lubrication
potency.
[0006] The organic molybdenum compound is an excellent material
capable of exhibiting excellent lubrication effects even under
severe friction conditions. On the other hand, however, lubricant
that contains such an organic molybdenum compound may contain heavy
metals such as molybdenum and zinc, as well as sulfides that are
readily oxidized into sulfur oxides to have some negative
influences not only on the lubricant but also on slide members
themselves and even on the environment, and phosphoric acid
compounds that may eutrophicate rivers and seas, and the amount of
such contaminants is large and is obviously unfavorable from the
viewpoint of ecological requirements. Further, the molybdenum
oxide/sulfide film formed on the slide face is gradually cut off
owing to friction, and a new film is formed. Accordingly, when any
of the organic molybdenum compound or the organic zinc compound
that is a source to form the film becomes insufficient, the
lubricant may rapidly lose its effect. However, if the amount of
the organic molybdenum compound and the organic zinc compound in
the lubricant is increased, then the side products from the peeled
film may increase in the system, and they may have some negative
influences on the slide machines themselves. Therefore, increasing
the compounds is not effective. In fact, in the system where the
organic molybdenum compound is used, the effect of improving fuel
efficiency could not be expected so much from the prolongation of
the life of the lubricant used. To that effect, conventional
lubricants are all unsatisfactory, and no one has heretofore
succeeded in providing good lubricant capable of exhibiting good
lubrication potency and capable of maintaining the effect for a
long period of time, not containing environmental harmful
substances or environmental contaminant substances such as heavy
metal elements, phosphoric acid compounds and sulfides.
[0007] We, the present inventors have assiduously studied for
solving the problems with lubricant in the related art, and have
previously found that a lubricant composition comprising, as the
principal component thereof, a triazine structure-having compound
well satisfies the ecological requirements and has a prolonged life
to improve the fuel efficiency in machines, therefore exhibiting
good lubrication potency useful as a friction factor-reducing
agent, an extreme-pressure agent and an abrasion inhibitor (JP-A
2003-64390). However, lubricant is required to have various
properties and is now required to have higher-level lubrication
potency since various machines are now improved to have better
performance so as to be able to be driven under severer
conditions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the
various problems mentioned above, and its object is to provide a
lubricant composition capable of exhibiting excellent lubrication
potency not only in the form of a mixture with a conventional
lubricant base oil but also in any other form not mixed with such a
lubricant base oil. Another object of the invention is to provide a
lubricant composition capable of maintaining low friction and good
abrasion resistance on slide faces for a long period of time,
especially capable of maintaining low friction and good abrasion
resistance thereon even under extreme pressure. Still another
object of the invention is to provide a lubricant composition which
does not contain any of heavy metal elements, phosphate groups and
sulfides all inconsistent with ecological requirements, and which
therefore prolongs the life thereof and satisfies ecological
requirements.
[0009] We, the present inventors have assiduously studied for
solving the problems with lubricant in the related art, and now
have found that a compound having a specific functional group
moiety structure exhibits excellent lubrication potency, and, on
the basis of this finding, we have completed the present
invention.
[0010] Specifically, the objects of the invention are attained by a
lubricant composition of any of the following (1) to (13):
[0011] (1) A lubricant composition containing a compound of the
following formula (1) and a compound of the following formula (2):
2
[0012] wherein D represents a cyclic group capable of bonding to m
groups of side branches; X independently represents a single bond,
a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or an
alkyl group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms), an oxygen atom, a
sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, or a divalent
linking group consisting of a combination thereof; R independently
represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an
aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; m indicates an integer of from
2 to 11, 3
[0013] wherein R.sup.31 represents an alkyl group, analkenyl group,
an alkynyl group, or a cycloalkyl group.
[0014] (2) The lubricant composition of (1), wherein Din formula
(1) is a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group.
[0015] (3) The lubricant composition of (1) or (2), wherein at
least one of m groups of Rs in formula (1) contains an ester
bond.
[0016] (4) The lubricant composition of any one of (1) to (3),
wherein the compound of formula (1) is represented by the following
formula (3): 4
[0017] wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 each independently
represent a single bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents
a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having from 1 to 30 carbon
atoms), an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl
group, or a divalent linking group of a combination thereof;
R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 each independently represent an
alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, or
a heterocyclic group, and at least one of R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and
R.sup.13 contains an ester bond.
[0018] (5) The lubricant composition of (4), wherein X.sup.1,
X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 in formula (3) are --NH--.
[0019] (6) The lubricant composition of any one of (1) to (5),
wherein the compound of formula (1) is represented by the following
formula (4): 5
[0020] wherein X.sup.21, X.sup.22 and X.sup.23 each independently
represent a single bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents
a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having from 1 to 30 carbon
atoms), an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl
group, or a divalent linking group of a combination thereof;
R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 each independently represent a
substituent, and at least one of R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23
contains an ester bond; a21, a22 and a23 each independently
indicate an integer of from 1 to 5.
[0021] (7) The lubricant composition of (6), wherein at least one
of R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 in formula (4) is an alkoxy
group substituted with a substituent having an ester
bond-containing, linear or branched alkyl group.
[0022] (8) The lubricant composition of (6) or (7), wherein
X.sup.21, X.sup.22 and X.sup.23 in formula (4) are --NH--.
[0023] (9) The lubricant composition of any one of (1) to (8),
wherein R.sup.31 in formula (2) is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or
cycloalkyl group substituted with a substituent that contains an
alkyl chain having at least 4 carbon atoms in total, an alkyleneoxy
chain, a polyfluoroalkyl chain having at least 2 carbon atoms in
total, or an organic polysilyl chain.
[0024] (10) The lubricant composition of any one of (1) to (8),
wherein R.sup.31 in formula (2) is an alkyl group substituted with
an alkyleneoxy chain-containing substituent.
[0025] (11) The lubricant composition of any one of (1) to (10),
wherein the compound of formula (1) and the compound of formula (2)
form complexes.
[0026] (12) The lubricant composition of any one of (1) to (11),
which contains from 0.5 to 5 mols of the compound of formula (2)
relative to one mol of the compound of formula (1).
[0027] (13) The lubricant composition of any one of (1) to (11),
which contains from 2 to 4 mols of the compound of formula (2)
relative to one mol of the compound of formula (1).
[0028] According to the invention, there is provided a practicable
lubricant composition that exhibits good abrasion resistance,
extreme pressure resistance and low friction characteristics when
applied to mechanical friction slide members. In addition, the
lubricant composition of the invention exhibits excellent
lubrication potency even in a broad temperature range.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0029] The lubricant composition of the invention is described in
detail hereinunder. The lubricant composition of the invention is
characterized by containing a specific cyclic-structured compound
and a specific carboxylic acid as the principal components
thereof.
[0030] [Cyclic-Structured Compound]
[0031] The cyclic-structured compound to be in the lubricant
composition of the invention is a discotic compound of formula (1).
The discotic compound is characterized in that it has a discotic
molecular moiety at the center thereof. The morphological
characteristic of the discotic center, except the side branches
around it, of the compound may be expressed as follows, for
example, for the hydrogen-substituted skeleton compound. The
molecular size may be obtained as follows:
[0032] 1) The molecule as flat as possible, preferably having a
flat molecular structure is constructed. In this case, the bond
distance and the bond angle are preferably standard values
corresponding to the mixture of orbits. For example, Chemical
Handbook, revised 4th edition of Basic Chemistry, second separate
volume, chapter 15 (by the Chemical Society of Japan, Maruzen,
1993) may be referred to.
[0033] 2) Based on the initial value of the structure obtained in
the above 1), the molecular structure is optimized according to a
molecular orbital method or a molecular force field method. For the
method, for example, employable are Gaussian 92, MOPAC 93,
CHARMm/QUANTA, MM3. Preferred is Gaussian 92.
[0034] 3) The center of gravity of the structure that has been
obtained in the mode of structure optimization as above is moved to
the origin thereof, and the coordinate axis is taken on the
principal axis of inertia (the principal axis of the inertial
tensor ellipsoid).
[0035] 4) A sphere defined by the van der Waals radius thereof is
imparted to every atom, by which the morphology of the molecule is
described.
[0036] 5) The length in each coordinate axis direction is measured
on the van der Waals surface, and it is referred to as a, b, c.
[0037] With the values a, b and c obtained according to the process
as above, when the disc morphology of the structure is defined,
then a.gtoreq.b>c and a.gtoreq.b.gtoreq.a/2, preferably
a.gtoreq.b>c and a.gtoreq.b.gtoreq.0.7a. Also preferably,
b/2>c.
[0038] For the specific examples of the discotic compounds, there
are mentioned nuclear compound derivatives, for example, as in
Quarterly General Chemistry, No. 22Chemistry of Liquid Crystal,
Chap. 5, Chap. 10, Sec. 2 (by the Chemical Society of Japan, the
Society Publishing Center, 1994); C. Destrade et al's Study Report,
Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., Vol. 71, p. 111 (1981); B. Kohne et al's
Study Report, Angew. Chem., Vol. 96, p. 70 (1984); J. M. Lehn et
al's Study Report, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., p. 1794 (1985); J.
Zhang, J. S. Moore et al's Study Report, J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol.
116, p. 2655 (1944).
[0039] For example, they include benzene derivatives, triphenylene
derivatives, truxene derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives,
porphyrin derivatives, anthracene derivatives, hexaethynylbenzene
derivatives, dibenzopyrene derivatives, coronene derivatives and
phenylacetylene-macrocycle derivatives. Further mentioned herein
are cyclic compounds and their hetero atom-substituted electronic
structures as in General Chemistry, No. 15 New Aromatic Chemistry
(by the Chemical Society of Japan, the Tokyo University Publishing,
1977).
[0040] The compound of formula (1) to be in the lubricant
composition of the invention is described in detail. 6
[0041] In formula (1), D represents a cyclic group capable of
bonding tom groups of side branches; X independently represents a
single bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen
atom, or an alkyl group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms), an
oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, or
a divalent linking group of a combination thereof; R independently
represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an
aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; m indicates an integer of from
2 to 11.
[0042] In formula (1), D is preferably an aromatic group or a
heterocyclic group. The aromatic ring of the aromatic group
includes, for example, benzene ring, indene ring, naphthalene ring,
triphenylene ring, fluorene ring, phenanthrene ring, anthracene
ring, and pyrene ring. The aromatic group may be substituted. The
heterocyclic group preferably has a 5-, 6- or 7-membered hetero
ring, more preferably a 5-membered or 6-membered hetero ring, most
preferably a 6-membered hetero ring. The hetero atoms to constitute
the hetero ring are preferably, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms.
The hetero ring is preferably an aromatic hetero ring. The aromatic
hetero ring is generally an unsaturated hetero ring. More
preferably, the hetero ring is an unsaturated hetero ring having a
largest number of double bonds. The hetero ring includes, for
example, furan ring, thiophene ring, pyrrole ring, pyrroline ring,
pyrrolidine ring, oxazole ring, isoxazole ring, thiazole ring,
isothiazole ring, imidazole ring, imidazoline ring, imidazolidine
ring, pyrazole ring, pyrazoline ring, pyrazolidine ring, triazole
ring, furazane ring, tetrazole ring, pyran ring, thiyne ring,
pyridine ring, piperidine ring, oxazine ring, morpholine ring,
thiazine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyrazine ring,
piperazine ring, and triazine ring. Preferred is a triazine ring,
and for example, it is a 1,3,5-triazine ring. The hetero ring may
be condensed with any other hetero ring, aliphatic ring or aromatic
ring. However, monocyclic hetero rings are preferred herein.
[0043] In formula (1), X is a single bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where
R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having from 1 to 30
carbon atoms), an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a
sulfonyl group, or a divalent linking group of a combination
thereof. When X is a single bond, then the substituent may directly
bond to the heterocyclic group via the nitrogen atom having a free
atomic valence, like in piperidine, or even when the heterocyclic
group does not have a free atomic valence, the substituent may bond
to the hetero atom to form onium salts such as oxonium salts,
sulfonium salts or ammonium salts. X in formula (1) is preferably a
sulfur atom or a group NR.sup.1, in which R.sup.1 is preferably an
alkyl group having at most 3 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom.
[0044] In formula (1), when R is an alkyl group, it preferably has
from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably from 2 to 30, even more
preferably from 4 to 30, still more preferably from 6 to 30 carbon
atoms. The alkyl group may be linear or branched.
[0045] It may be substituted. Examples of the substituent include a
halogen atom, an alkoxy group (e.g., methoxy, ethoxy,
methoxyethoxy, phenoxy), a sulfido group (e.g., methylthio,
ethylthio, propylthio), an alkylamino group (e.g., methylamino,
propylamino), an acyl group (e.g., acetyl, propanoyl, octanoyl,
benzoyl), an acyloxy group (e.g., acetoxy, pivaloyloxy,
benzoyloxy), a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, a
carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl
group, and an ureido group.
[0046] In formula (1), when R is an alkenyl group or an alkynyl
group, the number of carbon atoms constituting the group and the
morphology of the group may be the same as those of the alkyl
group, and the group may be substituted like the alkyl group.
[0047] In formula (1), when R is an aryl group, it includes a
phenyl group, an indenyl group, an a-naphthyl group, a
.beta.-naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an
anthracenyl group, and pyrenyl group. Preferred are a phenyl group
and a naphthyl group. The aryl group may be substituted. Examples
of the substituent are those mentioned hereinabove for the alkyl
group, and an alkyl group. Preferably, the group is substituted
with a substituent that contains a linear or branched alkyl group
having at least 8 carbon atoms, for example, with an alkyl group
(e.g., octyl, decyl, hexadecyl, 2-ethylhexyl), an alkoxy group
(e.g., dodecyloxy, hexadecyloxy), a sulfido group (e.g.,
hexadecylsulfido), a substituted amino group (e.g.,
heptadecylamino), an octylcarbamoyl group, an octanoyl group and a
decylsulfamoyl group. Also preferably, the group is substituted
with two or more such substituents. Apart from the substituents
mentioned above, the group may also be substituted with any of a
halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a
carboxyl group, and a sulfo group.
[0048] In formula (1), when R is a heterocyclic group, it is
preferably a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group like D, more
preferably a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic group, most preferably a
6-membered heterocyclic group. Concrete examples of the skeleton
are described in, for example, Iwanami Dictionary of
Physicochemistry, Edition 3, Supplementary Edition, (published by
Iwanami Shoten), Appendix Chap. 11, Nomenclature in Organic
Chemistry, Table 4, Names of Principal Heterocyclic Monocyclic
Compounds, p. 1606, and Table 5, Names of Principal Condensed
Heterocyclic Compounds, p. 1607. Like the aryl group, the
heterocyclic group may be substituted, and it is preferably
substituted with a substituent that contains a linear or branched
alkyl group having at least 8 carbon atoms. Also preferably, the
heterocyclic group is substituted with two or more such
substituents. Apart from the substituents mentioned above, the
group may also be substituted with any of a halogen atom, a
hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, and
a sulfo group.
[0049] In formula (1), it is desirable that at least one of m
groups of Rs contains an ester bond. m indicates an integer of from
2 to 11. When m is 2 or more, then two or more Xs and Rs may be the
same or different. Preferably, m is 3 or more.
[0050] Of the compounds of formula (1), preferred are those of the
following formula (3): 7
[0051] In formula (3), X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 each
independently represent a single bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where
R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having from 1
to 30 carbon atoms), an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl
group, a sulfonyl group, or a divalent linking group of a
combination thereof.
[0052] When X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 are single bonds, then the
substituents may directly bond to the heterocyclic group via the
nitrogen atom having a free atomic valence, like in piperidine, or
even when the heterocyclic group does not have a free atomic
valence, the substituents each may bond to the hetero atom to form
onium salts such as oxonium salts, sulfonium salts or ammonium
salts. When X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X are not single bonds, they are
any of a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group
having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom), an oxygen
atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, or a
divalent linking group of a combination thereof, for example, an
oxycarbonyl group, an aminocarbonyl group, an ureylene group, an
oxysulfonyl group or a sulfamoyl group. Preferred are a sulfur atom
and a group NR.sup.1. R.sup.1 is preferably an alkyl group having
at most 3 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom. More preferably, the
group NR.sup.1 is an imino group (--NH--).
[0053] In formula (3), R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 each
independently represent an alkyl group, analkenyl group, an alkynyl
group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, and at least one of
R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 contains an ester bond.
[0054] When R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and/or R.sup.13 each are an alkyl
group, it preferably has from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably
from 2 to 30, even more preferably from 4 to 30, still more
preferably from 6 to 30 carbon atoms. The alkyl group may be linear
or branched. It may be substituted. Examples of the substituent
include a halogen atom, an alkoxy group (e.g., methoxy, ethoxy,
methoxyethoxy, phenoxy), a sulfido group (e.g., methylthio,
ethylthio, propylthio), an alkylamino group (e.g., methylamino,
propylamino), an acyl group (e.g., acetyl, propanoyl, octanoyl,
benzoyl), an acyloxy group (e.g., acetoxy, pivaloyloxy,
benzoyloxy), a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, a
carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl
group, and an ureido group.
[0055] When R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and/or R.sup.13 each are an alkenyl
group or an alkynyl group, the number of carbon atoms constituting
the group and the morphology of the group may be the same as those
of the alkyl group, and the group may be substituted like the alkyl
group.
[0056] When R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and/or R.sup.13 each are an aryl
group, it includes a phenyl group, an indenyl group, an
.alpha.-naphthyl group, a .beta.-naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group,
a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, and pyrenyl group.
Preferred are a phenyl group and a naphthyl group. Preferably, the
aryl group is substituted with a substituent that contains a linear
or branched alkyl group having at least 8 carbon atoms, for
example, with an alkyl group (e.g., octyl, decyl, hexadecyl,
2-ethylhexyl), an alkoxy group (e.g., dodecyloxy, hexadecyloxy,
2-hexyldecyloxy, hexyloxyethyleneoxyethyleneoxy), a sulfido group
(e.g., hexadecylthio), a substituted amino group (e.g.,
heptadecylamino), an octylcarbamoyl group, an octanoyl group and a
decylsulfamoyl group. More preferably, the group is substituted
with two or more such substituents. Apart from the substituents
mentioned above, the group may also be substituted with any of a
halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a
carboxyl group, and a sulfo group.
[0057] When R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and/or R.sup.13 each are a
heterocyclic group, it is preferably a 5- to 7-membered
heterocyclic group like D in formula (1), more preferably a 5- or
6-membered heterocyclic group, most preferably a 6-membered
heterocyclic group. Concrete examples of the skeleton are described
in, for example, Iwanami Dictionary of Physicochemistry, Edition 3,
Supplementary Edition, (published by Iwanami Shoten), Appendix
Chap. 11, Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry, Table 4, Names of
Principal Heterocyclic Monocyclic Compounds, p. 1606, and Table 5,
Names of Principal Condensed Heterocyclic Compounds, p. 1607. Like
the aryl group, the heterocyclic group is preferably substituted
with a substituent that contains a linear or branched alkyl group
having at least 8 carbon atoms. Also preferably, the heterocyclic
group is substituted with two or more such substituents. Apart from
the substituents mentioned above, the group may also be substituted
with any of a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a
nitro group, a carboxyl group, and a sulfo group.
[0058] Of the compounds of formula (3), more preferred are those of
the following formula (4): 8
[0059] In formula (4), X.sup.21, X.sup.22 and X.sup.23 each
independently represent a single bond, a group NR.sup.1 (where
R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having from 1
to 30 carbon atoms), an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl
group, a sulfonyl group, or a divalent linking group of a
combination thereof.
[0060] When X.sup.21, X.sup.22 and X.sup.23 are single bonds, then
the substituents may directly bond to the heterocyclic group via
the nitrogen atom having a free atomic valence, like in piperidine,
or even when the heterocyclic group does not have a free atomic
valence, the substituents each may bond to the hetero atom to form
onium salts such as oxonium salts, sulfonium salts or ammonium
salts. When X.sup.21, X.sup.22 and X.sup.23 are not single bonds,
they are any of a group NR.sup.1 (where R.sup.1 represents an alkyl
group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom), an
oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, or
a divalent linking group of a combination thereof, for example, an
oxycarbonyl group, an aminocarbonyl group, an ureylene group, an
oxysulfonyl group or a sulfamoyl group. Preferred are a sulfur atom
and a group NR.sup.1. R.sup.1 is preferably an alkyl group having
at most 3 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom. More preferably, the
group NR.sup.1 is an imino group (--NH--).
[0061] R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 each independently represent
a substituent, and at least one of R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23
contains an ester bond. The substituents R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and
R.sup.23 preferably contain any of a halogen atom, an alkyl group,
an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic
group, acyano group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a carboxyl
group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a silyloxy group, a
hetero-oxy group, an acyloxy group, a carbamoyloxy group, an
alkoxycarbonyloxy group, an aryloxycarbonyloxy group, an amino
group, an acylamino group, an aminocarbonylamino group, an
alkoxyaminocarbonylamino group, an aryloxycarbonylamino group, a
sulfamoylamino group, an alkyl and arylsulfonylamino group, a
mercapto group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, a
heterocyclic-thio group, a sulfamoyl group, a sulfo group, an alkyl
and arylsulfinyl group, an alkyl and arylsulfonyl group, an acyl
group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a
carbamoyl group, an aryl and heterocyclic-azo group, an imido
group, a phosphino group, a phosphinyl group, a phosphinyloxy
group, a phosphinylamino group, and a silyl group. The substituents
R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 may be substituted with at least
one substituent selected from these groups. At least one of
R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.2 contains an ester bond. In
particular, at least one of R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 is
preferably an alkoxy group substituted with a substituent that
contains an ester bond-containing, linear or branched alkyl group.
a21, a22 and a23 each independently indicate an integer of from 1
to 5. When a21, a22 and a23 each are 2 or more, then the
substituents R.sup.21, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 may be at any
position. The plural R.sup.21s, R.sup.22s and R.sup.23S may be the
same or different.
[0062] The compound of formula (2) to be in the lubricant
composition of the invention is described in detail. 9
[0063] In formula (2), R.sup.31 represents a linear or branched
alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group, or a cycloalkyl group. Preferably,
the group is substituted with a substituent that contains an alkyl
chain having at least 4 carbon atoms in total, an alkyleneoxy chain
(e.g., oligoalkyleneoxy chain), a polyfluoroalkyl chain having at
least 2 carbon atoms in total, or an organic polysilyl chain. More
preferably, it is substituted with an alkyleneoxy chain-containing
substituent, for example, with an ethyleneoxy group-containing
substituent. Above all, it is especially preferably an alkyl group
substituted with an alkyleneoxy chain-containing substituent.
[0064] The organic polysilyl chain above is such that having a
silicon-atom-containing group as a side chain of a long-chain
substituent (e.g., poly(p-trimethylsilylstyrene) and
poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propine)- ), or such that having silicon
atoms in a main chain of a long-chain substituent, where the latter
is more preferable. Preferable long-chain substituents having
silicon atoms in the main chain are straight-chain, branched,
cyclic or polycyclic long-chain substituents having a repetitive
unit represented by the formula (s) below:
--[Si(R.sup.s1)(R.sup.s2)--X]-- (s)
[0065] In formula (s), R.sup.s1 and R.sup.s2 each independently
represent a substituent. R.sup.s1 and R.sup.s2 may be bonded
together to form a cyclic structure. Examples of the substitutents
include halogen atoms, alkyl groups (including cycloalkyl groups
and bicycloalkyl groups), alkenyl groups (including cycloalkenyl
groups and bicycloalkenyl groups), alkynyl groups, aryl groups,
heterocyclic groups, cyano, hydroxyl, nitro, carboxyl, alkoxy
groups, aryloxy groups, silyloxy groups, heterocyclic oxy groups,
acyloxy groups, carbamoyloxy groups, alkoxycarbonyloxy groups,
aryloxycarbonyloxy groups, amino groups (including anilino group),
acylamino groups, aminocarbonylamino groups, alkoxycarbonylamino
groups, aryloxycarbonylamino groups, sulfamoylamino groups, alkyl-
and arylsulfonylamino groups, mercapto group, alkylthio groups,
arylthio groups, heterocyclic thio groups, sulfamoyl group, sulfo
group, alkyl- and arylsulfinyl groups, alkyl- and arylsulfonyl
groups, acyl groups, aryloxycarbonyl groups, alkoxycarbonyl groups,
carbamoyl group, aryl- and heterocyclic azo groups, imide groups,
phosphino groups, phosphinyl groups, phosphinyloxy groups,
phosphinylamino groups, and silyl groups. The substituents R.sup.11
to R.sup.13 also include above substituents further substituted
with at least one of such substituents. Alkyl group is the most
preferable substituent. X represents an atomic group which consists
of at least one of an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, an alkylene
group, a phenylene group, a silicon atom, a metal atom. X is
preferably an oxygen atom or an atomic group composed of an oxygen
atom and an alkylene group, and more preferably, an oxygen atom.
The notation "p" is an integer of 1 to 200, and preferably 3 to 30.
Examples of the organic polysilyl chain include polysiloxane,
polysilazane, polysilmethylene, polysilphenylene, polysilane, and
polymetallosiloxane.
[0066] Examples of the compounds of formula (3) are mentioned below
as the typical examples of the compounds of formula (1). However,
the invention should not be restricted at all by the following
examples.
1 10 X.sup.1 = X.sup.2 = X.sup.3 R.sup.11 = R.sup.12 = R.sup.13 N-1
11 --(CH.sub.2).sub.10CO.sub.2CH.sub.3 N-2 12
--(CH.sub.2).sub.10CO.sub.2C.sub.8H.sub.17 N-3 13
--(CH.sub.2).sub.10CO.sub.2C.sub.12H.sub.25 N-4 14
--(CH.sub.2).sub.10CO.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2C.sub.8F.sub.17 N-5 15
16 N-6 17 --(CH.sub.2).sub.4CO.sub.2--(CH.sub.2-
CH.sub.2O).sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.13 N-7 18
--(CH.sub.2).sub.7CO.sub.2--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.13
N-8 19 --(CH.sub.2).sub.10CO.sub.2--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.2-
C.sub.6H.sub.13 N-9 20 --(CH.sub.2).sub.10CO.sub.2--(CH.s-
ub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.3CH.sub.3 N-10 21
--(CH.sub.2).sub.10CO.sub.2--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.4C.sub.12H.sub.25
N-11 22 23 N-12 24 25 N-13 26 27 N-14 28 29 N-15 30 31 N-16 32 33
N-17 34 35 N-18 36 37 N-19 38 39 N-20 40 41 N-21 42 43 N-22 44 45
N-23 46 47 N-24 48 49 N-25 50 51 N-26 52 53 N-27 54 55 N-28 56 57
N-29 58 59 N-30 60 61 X.sup.1 = X.sup.2 X.sup.3 R.sup.11 = R.sup.12
= R.sup.13 N-31 62 --S-- 63 N-32 64 --S-- 65 N-33 66 --S-- 67 N-34
68 --S-- 69 N-35 70 --S-- 71 N-36 72 --S-- 73 N-37 74 --S-- 75 N-38
76 --S-- 77 N-39 78 --S-- 79 N-40 80 --S-- 81 N-41 82 --S-- 83 N-42
84 --S-- 85 N-43 86 --S-- 87 N-44 88 --S-- 89 N-45 90 --S-- 91 N-46
92 --S-- 93 N-47 94 --S-- 95 N-48 96 --S-- 97 N-49 98 --S-- 99 N-50
100 --S-- 101
[0067] Typical examples of the compounds of formula (2) are
mentioned below. However, the invention should not be restricted at
all by the following examples.
2 A-1 CH.sub.3CH.sub.2O--CH.sub.2--COOH A-2
CH.sub.3OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2O--CH.sub.2--COOH A-3
CH.sub.3OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2O--CH.sub.2--COOH A-4
C.sub.4H.sub.9OCH.sub.3CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2O--CH.sub.2--COOH
A-5
C.sub.6H.sub.13OCH.sub.3CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2O--CH.sub.2--COOH
A-6
C.sub.12H.sub.25OCH.sub.3CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2O--CH.sub.2---
COOH A-7 CH.sub.3OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub-
.2O--CH.sub.2--COOH A-8 C.sub.6H.sub.13CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH-
.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2O--CH.sub.2--COOH A-9
CH.sub.3OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.su-
b.2O--CH.sub.2--COOH A-10
C.sub.12H.sub.25OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.-
2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2--COOH A-11 102
A-12 103 A-13 104 A-14 105 A-15 106 A-16 107 A-17 108 A-18 109 A-19
110 A-20 111 A-21 112 A-22 113 A-23 114 A-24 115 A-25 116 A-26
CHF.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2--O--CH.sub.2--COOH A-27 117 A-28 118 A-29
119 A-30 120
[0068] The blend ratio of the compound of formula (1) and the
compound of formula (2) is preferably from 0.5 to 5, more
preferably from 1 to 4, even more preferably from 2 to 4, in terms
of the ratio by mol of the compound of formula (2) to the compound
of formula (1) of being 1. Combining the compounds of formulae (1)
and (2) improves the flowability of the resulting composition and
improves the lubricity at low temperatures thereof. In addition,
the lubricant composition may maintain a low friction factor within
a broad temperature range covering from low temperatures and high
temperatures. Further, the lubricant composition exhibits excellent
low-friction lubrication potency under various lubrication
conditions, for example, for liquid lubrication and boundary
lubrication. When the amount of the compound of formula (2) is
larger than that of the compound of formula (1), the adsorption of
the lubricant composition onto friction faces is improved, and the
viscosity thereof may be more effectively controlled, and, in
addition, the temperature range within which the lubricant
composition may keep a low friction factor may be broadened.
[0069] One preferred combination of the compound of formula (1) and
the compound of formula (2) is, for example, a combination of a
compound of formula (3) where X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 are
imino groups (--NH--) and a compound of formula (2) where R.sup.31
is an alkyleneoxy chain-containing substituent (e.g., alkyleneoxy
chain-containing alkyl group). More preferably, a compound of
formula (4) where X.sup.21, X.sup.22 and X.sup.23 are imino groups
(--NH--) is combined with a compound of formula (2) where R.sup.31
is an alkyleneoxy chain-containing substituent (e.g., alkyleneoxy
chain-containing alkyl group).
[0070] The compounds to constitute the lubricant composition of the
invention may serve as a base oil of lubricant compositions by
themselves. If desired, they may be mixed with any other mineral
oil or synthetic oil that is generally used as a base oil for
lubricant compositions, therefore serving as the base oil of the
lubricant composition of the invention. The mineral oil and the
synthetic oil that may be combined with the compounds in the
invention to form mixed base oil are not specifically defined, and
may be any ones generally used as a base oil for lubricant. Any
mineral oil, synthetic oil and their mixture may correspond to
them. The mineral oil includes, for example, solvent-refined
raffinate that is obtained through treatment of a lubricant
material derived from normal-pressure or reduced-pressure
distillation of a paraffin-base, intermediate-base or
naphthene-base crude oil, with an aromatic extraction solvent such
as phenol, furfural or N-methylpyrrolidone; a hydrogenated oil
obtained by contacting a lubricant material with hydrogen under
hydrogenation condition in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst
of cobalt, molybdenum or the like held on a silica-alumina carrier;
a hydro-cracked oil obtained by contacting a lubricant material
with with hydrogen under severe cracking condition in the presence
of a hydro-cracking catalyst; an isomerized oil obtained by
contacting wax with hydrogen under isomerization condition in the
presence of an isomerization catalyst; and lubricant fractions
obtained through combination of such a solvent-refining step, a
hydrogenation step, a hydro-cracking step and an isomerization
step. In particular, mineral oils having a high viscosity index
that are obtained in the hydro-cracking process or the
isomerization process are preferred for use in the invention. These
production processes may have any ordinary dewaxing,
hydrogenation-finishing and clay treatment in any desired manner.
Examples of the mineral oil are light-neutral oil, middle-neutral
oil, heavy-neutral oil and bright stock. These may be mixed in any
desired manner so that the resulting mixture could satisfy the
desired requirements, and the mixture may serve as a base oil. The
synthetic oil includes, for example, poly-.alpha.-olefin,
.alpha.-olefin oligomer, polybutene, alkylbenzene, polyol-ester,
dibasic acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene glycol
ether, and silicone oil. One or more of these base oils may be used
either singly or as combined. If desired, mineral oil and synthetic
oil may be combined for use herein. These ordinary base oils that
may be used for the mixed base oil in the lubricant composition of
the invention generally have a kinematic viscosity of from 2 to 20
mm.sup.2/sec at 100.degree. C., preferably from 3 to 15
mm.sup.2/sec. A mixed base oil having an optimum kinematic
viscosity is selected for the lubricant composition of the
invention so that it may satisfy the lubrication conditions for the
mechanical friction slide members to which the lubricant
composition of the invention is to be applied.
[0071] Regarding the blend ratio with the ordinary base oil in the
lubricant composition of the invention, in general, the proportion
of the former ester structure-having compound is from 0.1 to 20% by
weight and that of the latter ordinary base oil, or that is,
mineral oil and/or synthetic oil is from 80 to 99.9% by weight,
relative to the overall amount of the base oil. Preferably, the
proportion of the lubricant composition of the invention is from
0.1 to 10% by weight, most preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight.
However, since the lubricant composition of the invention may
serve, by itself, as a base oil of lubricant compositions, and its
single use is often more effective, providing a low friction factor
in a broad temperature range even under severe lubrication
conditions and additionally exhibiting a better effect for abrasion
resistance.
[0072] For ensuring its practicability to various applications, the
lubricant composition of the invention may contain, if desired,
various additives that are generally used in lubricant such as
bearing oil, gear oil, power transmission oil or the like, for
example, wearing inhibitor, extreme-pressure agent, antioxidant,
viscosity index improver, detergent dispersant, metal inactivator,
corrosion inhibitor, rust inhibitor, defoaming agent and the like
not detracting from the object of the invention.
[0073] The lubricant composition of the invention is characterized
in that it provides a low friction factor even under severe
lubrication conditions, and has good abrasion resistance and good
extreme-pressure resistance. The lubricant composition of the
invention may be prepared by mixing a compound of formula (1),
preferably a compound having a structure of formula (3), more
preferably formula (4), and a compound of formula (2), followed by
optimizing the resulting mixture to be a liquid even at -40.degree.
C., and this may be usable even at low temperatures and its
practicability is therefore broadened.
[0074] As having the good characteristics as above, the lubricant
composition of the invention may be used in any severe lubrication
conditions. For example, even in severe lubrication conditions
under which conventional lubricants such as lube oil or grease may
cause lubrication failure, the lubricant composition of the
invention still exhibits good abrasion resistance and has a low
friction factor without causing seizure, and therefore it is an
energy-saving good lubricant favorable to bearings and gears that
are driven under severe lubrication conditions. Moreover, since the
lubricant composition of the invention does not cause seizure even
under severe lubrication conditions, it contributes to improving
the reliability of slide devices and to down-sizing slide
devices.
[0075] The characteristics of the invention are described more
concretely with reference to the following Examples and Comparative
Examples. The material, its amount and its blend ratio, and the
treatment and the treatment order in the following Examples may be
suitably changed and modified not overstepping the scope and the
sprit of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention
should not be limitatively interpreted from the Examples shown
hereinunder.
EXAMPLES
[0076] Lubricant compositions (Examples 1 to 6) shown in the
following Table 1 were prepared, in which N-8, N-14, N-28 and A-3
were used as the compounds of formulae (1) and (2), and the
lubricant base oil as in the Tables. Comparative lubricant
compositions (Comparative Examples 1 to 6) were prepared as in the
following Table 2, in which lubricant base oil alone was used, or
N-28 and a comparative compound M-2 mentioned below were used.
[0077] Comparative Compound (M-2): 121
[0078] Thus prepared, these compositions were tested according to
the friction test mentioned below, and the friction factor was
measured in every case. In the test, the friction factor was
measured by the use of an abrasive friction tester (SRV abrasive
friction tester).
[0079] [Test Condition]
[0080] The test is a cylinder-on-plate test.
[0081] Test piece (friction piece): SUJ-2
[0082] Plate: .phi.24.times.6.9 mm
[0083] Cylinder: .phi.11.times.15 mm
[0084] Temperature: 80.degree. C.
[0085] Load: 400 N
[0086] Amplitude: 1.5 mm
[0087] Frequency: 50 Hz
[0088] Time: 5 minutes after the start of the test
[0089] The result of Examples 1 to 6 is given in Table 1; and the
result of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 is in Table 2.
3 TABLE 1 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple 1 ple 2 ple 3 ple
4 ple 5 ple 6 Compounds of N-8/ N-8/ N-14/ N-14/ N-28/ N-28/ the
invention A-3 A-3 A-3 A-3 A-3 A-3 mol ratio 1/1 1/3 1/1 1/3 1/1 1/3
(mol/mol) wt. % 100 100 100 100 100 100 Lubricant base oil wt. %
pentaerythritol -- -- -- -- -- -- ester*1 alkylbenzene*2 -- -- --
-- -- -- naphthene-base -- -- -- -- -- -- mineral oil paraffin-base
-- -- -- -- -- -- mineral oil SRV abrasive 0.040 0.037 0.025 0.020
0.024 0.019 friction test, @400 N, 80.degree. C. friction factor
*1: pentaerythritol hexanoate *2: alkylbenzene with C10 alkyl
group
[0090]
4 TABLE 2 Com- Com- Com- Com- Com- Com- parative parative parative
parative parative parative Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple
1 ple 2 ple 3 ple 4 ple 5 ple 6 Compounds of N-28/ N-28/ the
invention M-2 M-2 mol ratio 1/1 1/3 (mol/mol) wt. % 100 100
Lubricant base oil wt, % pentaerythritol 100 -- -- -- -- -- ester*1
alkylbenzene*2 -- 100 -- -- -- -- naphthene-base -- -- 100 -- -- --
mineral oil paraffin-base -- -- -- 100 -- -- mineral oil SRV
abrasive 0.210 0.230 0.250 0.230 0.060 0.055 friction test, @400 N,
80.degree. C. friction factor *1: pentaerythritol hexanoate *2:
alkylbenzene with C10 alkyl group
[0091] From the data of Examples and Comparative Examples in these
Table 1 and Table 2, it is understood that, when the complex formed
of the combination of the invention is used as a lubricant, then
the resulting lubricant composition exhibits much better abrasion
resistance.
[0092] The present disclosure relates to the subject matter
contained in Japanese Patent Application No. 354773/2003 filed on
Oct. 15, 2003, which is expressly incorporated herein by reference
in its entirety.
[0093] The foregoing description of preferred embodiments of the
invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and
description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the
invention to the precise form disclosed. The description was
selected to best explain the principles of the invention and their
practical application to enable others skilled in the art to best
utilize the invention in various embodiments and various
modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It
is intended that the scope of the invention not be limited by the
specification, but be defined claims set forth below.
* * * * *